福建省漳州市2020届高三英语第二次适应性测试试题含解析

福建省漳州市2020届高三英语第二次适应性测试试题（含解析）
第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷土。

录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题纸上。

第一节听下面5段对话。

每段对活后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

例: How much is the shirt?
A. £19.15.
B. £9.18.
C. £9.15.
答案是C.
1. What is the weather like?
A. Rainy.
B. Clear.
C. Cloud.
2. Which part of Jane's computer is out of order?
A. The screen.
B. The mouse.
C. The keyboard.
3. What is the relationship between the speakers?
A. Father and daughter.
B. Brother and sister.
C. Husband and wife.
4. What does the woman suggest the man do?
A. Make a business plan
B. Sign up as soon as possible.
C. Attend a business meeting tomorrow.
5. Why does the woman call the man?
A. To look for a new job.
B. To employ a piano teacher.
C. To ask him to post a notice.
第二节听下面5段对话或独白。

每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A. B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。

每段对话或独白读两遍。

听下面段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。

6. What does the man invite Jean to do this Friday?
A. Discuss some work.
B. Have lunch.
C. Play tennis.
7. What does Jean think of her job?
A. Stressful.
B. Relaxing.
C. Boring.
听下面一段对话，回答第8和第9两个小题。

8. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. A large order.
B. A bread factory.
C. A baking system.
9. What will the man do tonight?
A. Buy some bread.
B. Go to Marie's workplace.
C. Teach Marie some baking skills.
听下面一段对话,回答第10至第12三个小题。

10. What did the man do?
A. He met Jason.
B. He did some shopping
C. He attended a wedding.
11. What docs the woman say about the jackct?
A. It's a bit big.
B. It's a little small.
C. It's easy to get dirty.
12. What does the woman expect the man to do?
A. Wash his jeans.
B. Buy a new jacket.
C. Send the trousers back. 听下面一段对话，回答第13至第16四个小题。

13..How will the man go to Regent's Park from Waterloo Station?
A. By bus.
B. By subway.
C. By taxi.
14. Why will the speakers meet at the gate of Regent's Park?
A. It's near the station.
B. It's familiar to the man.
C. It's easy for the man to find.
15. What are the speakers probably going to do?
A. Pick Tom up.
B. Do some sports.
C. Watch a badminton match.
16. When will the man arrive at Waterloo Station? A. At about 11:00. B. At about 11:30. C. At about 12:30. , 听下面一段独白. 回答第17至第20四个小题。

17. How much organic material must be contained at least in an organic product? A.70%. B.95%. C. 98%. 18. When did the speaker become interested in organic food?
A. After visiting her grandma's garden.
B. After picking an apple from her own tree.
C, After tasting the organic food in a restaurant.
49. What are offered in Diana Hall at weekends?
A. Late break fasts.
B. Lunches.
C. Suppers.
20. Why do more and more people eat organic food?
A. It is environment-friendly.
B. It stands for a new way of life.
C. It is tasty and good for their health.
第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题:每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A
Camp Odayin provides fun, safe and supportive camp experiences and community building opportunities for young people and their families this year.
Winter Camp February 15 - February 17
It is hosted in Amery, a two-hour drive from the Twin Cities and free round trip transportation is provided from Minneapolis and Madison. This camp is for children who have attended Residential Camp or Day Camp before. Campers can experience snowshoeing, skiing and snowboarding. Registrations are processed during December & January.
Moms Retreat May 16 - May 17
Scheduled in downtown Stillwater, Moms Retreat will seek to improve the quality of caregivers' life. It will include meals, boarding and yoga activities.
Registration will open in April for moms that receive the email invitation from Camp Odayin. If the limit is reached, we will start a wait list.
Residential Camp July 13 - July 18
Campers will have a chance to communicate with other young people sharing the same grade. Hosted in Lutherdale, it will include swimming, horseback riding and talent show. The approval by the Camp Odayin Director is necessary.
Registration will open in early March and is due May 1st.
Family Camp October 26 - November 1
Hosted in Camp Lake, the camp is a two-night commitment for families with children suffering from heart diseases, who will benefit from connecting with other families who have similar health, emotional and social concerns. Activities will include drawing, fancy dress balls and movies.
Families who have a child in 12th grade or younger (no minimum age) can attend. Camper registration is available online in late August.
1. Which camp is intended for previous campers only?
A. Moms Retreat.
B. Winter Camp.
C. Residential Camp.
D. Family Camp.
2. Where can you go if you choose to register on August 28?
A. To Amery.
B. To Stillwater.
C. To Camp Lake.
D. To Lutherdale.
3. What is special about Residential Camp?
A. It offers a variety of activities.
B. It provides access to shopping.
C. It allows sick children to participate.
D. It requires the camp leader's approval.
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. D
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。

短文介绍了Camp Odayin营地提供的一些夏令营的相关信息。

【1题详解】
细节理解题。

由Winter Camp中的“This camp is for children who have attended Residential Camp or Day Camp before.”可知，这个营地是为以前参加过Residential Camp or Day Camp 的孩子准备的。

所以Winter Camp是为以前的露营者准备的。

故选B项。

【2题详解】
细节理解题。

由Family Camp Hosted in Camp Lake中的“Camper registration is available online in late August.”可知，露营者可于八月底在网上登记。

你可以如果你选择8月28日注册，你可以去Camp Lake。

故选C项。

【3题详解】
细节理解题。

由Residential Camp中的“The approval by the Camp Odayin Director is necessary.”可知，奥达因营地主任的批准是必要的。

所以Residential Camp特别之处在于这需要营地领导的批准。

故选D项。

B
For underwater photographer Brian Skerry, there are good days. The sun shines, the water's clear. But most days aren't like that. The whales don't show up, or there are particles (颗粒)in the water, or wind brings the waves, or the sun dips behind a cloud at the worst moment.
A National Geographic photography fellow and the 2017, Rolex National Geographic Explorer of the Year, Skerry free dives — which means no scuba tanks, no equipment except his fins, mask, and camera. Over the past two years he's spent nine weeks off the eastern Caribbean island of Dominica in a 30-Foot boat running after sperm whales around their warm-water habitat.
Sperm whales are intelligent, and mad, escaping to ocean depths when pursued. Still, their ranks have been thinned by whaling, overfishing, and other contact with humans, to the point that the world's conservationists assess them as either vulnerable or endangered. Skerry wants his photos to inform the scientific research and education efforts that will bring whales more attention and potentially some relief. “I feel a sense of responsibility and urgency to make people care about the marine giants,” he says. “I want to give them, for lack of a better word, some humanity.”
Scientists know sperm whales as the ocean's largest toothed animals that kills other animals. They have the biggest brains of any known animal, can weigh up to 45 tons, and have been observed displaying humanlike qualities, such as curiosity and playfulness. But despite their size and their expressiveness, sperm whales remain one of the ocean's biggest mysteries. Do they share complex ideas?
4. What is "free dives"?
A. Diving without charge.
B. Diving without sponsors.
C. Diving with little equipment.
D. Diving with few regulations.
5. What does the underlined word "vulnerable" probably mean?
A. Easily attacked.
B. Strongly built.
C. Desperately driven.
D. Distantly removed.
6. What can we learn about the sperm whales from the text?
A. Sperm whales are the largest fish in the sea.
B. Sperm whales are as clever as the human being.
C. Sperm whales enjoy being photographed by photographers.
D. Sperm whales' population has declined due to illegal fishing.
7. Where is the text probably taken from?
A. Technology magazine.
B. Tourism advertisement.
C. National geography.
D. Entertainment report.
【答案】4. C 5. A 6. D 7. C
【解析】
【分析】
本文是说明文。

通过Skerry自由潜水追逐抹香鲸拍照的故事引出抹香鲸不断减少的现状，介绍了Skerry这样做的目的，呼吁人们不要过度捕鲸，保护濒危动物。

【4题详解】
细节理解题。

根据第二段 free dives —which means no scuba tanks, no equipment except his fins, mask, and camera.可知free dives指的是潜水时除了鱼鳍、面罩和照相机外，没有水肺和其他设备，即潜水设备很少，故选C。

【5题详解】
词句猜测题。

根据上句their ranks have been thinned by whaling, overfishing, and other contact with humans,可知抹香鲸的现状，由于捕鲸、过度捕捞和其他与人类的接触，它们的数量减少了。

画线词语和or后的endangered意思相近，应该是容易被攻击导致濒临危险，结合四个选项，与easily attacked同义，故选A。

【6题详解】
细节理解题。

根据第三段Still, their ranks have been thinned by whaling, overfishing, and other contact with humans, to the point that the world's conservationists assess them as either vulnerable or endangered.可知由于捕鲸、过度捕捞和其他与人类的接触，抹香鲸的数量减少了，甚至处于危险。

故选D。

【7题详解】
推理判断题。

文章前两段介绍了Skerry保护抹香鲸的举动，后两段介绍了抹香鲸不断减少的现状和保护的意义。

此类文章不会出自技术杂志、旅游广告或娱乐报道，应该出自国家地理杂志，故选C。

【点睛】猜测词义题在高考中有三种考查形式：生词猜测词义或熟词生义、猜测一句话的意思、指代关系猜词（代词或者名词）。

本文中小题2考查的是生词词义猜测。

这种题型的解法主要是在划线词所在句子的前后找到该句话的同义句或者释义句，再根据同义句或者释义句的意思推断出划线单词的意思。

根据上句their ranks have been thinned by whaling, overfishing, and other contact with humans,可知抹香鲸的现状，由于捕鲸、过度捕捞和其他与人类的接触，它们的数量减少了。

画线词语和or后的endangered意思相近，应该是容易被攻击导致濒临危险，结合四个选项，与easily attacked同义。

C
I'm not much of a gardener. I love having beautiful flowers-but I don't have a good track record when it comes to making them grow.
A few months after our son left for the Middle East, my friend gifted me a box of tulip bulbs (郁金香球茎). She explained that these bulbs were put into the ground in the fall and lay sleeping all winter. They had all the nutrients they needed inside the bulb and would come out in the spring. ''When you see the leaves of the tiny flowers pushing toward the sun, you'll know that it's almost time for your son to come home. They'll give you what you need most.'' She walked me through the process of planting them. I thanked her — trying to show my gratitude for her gift.
It was a long winter —cold and dark. I endured both the weather and the loneliness and fear I felt with my son away. Dead leaves, frost and finally a heavy snow covered the area where I'd planted those flowers, and I soon forgot they were there.
Finally the weather began to warm. One day, as I walked down my front steps, I noticed an area of green. I bent down to inspect the situation more clearly and saw that those tulips had begun to grow, their tiny leaves forcing their way to the sun.
Day after day I noted the flowers' progress. And day after day, the time approached when my son would finally be home. Now with spring just around the corner, nothing could keep either of us from marching toward the light. Almost all of those bulbs bloomed. And with each brightly colored flower, I marked off one day closer to getting
to hold my son in my arms again.
8. What can we know about the author?
A. She is a professional gardener.
B. She is not good at growing flowers.
C. She never plants flowers at home.
D. She often sends friends flowers as gifts.
9. Why did the writer forget the tulip bulbs soon?
A. The bitter winter reminded her of her son far away.
B. She was discouraged from making another attempt.
C. They failed to live through the cold and long winter.
D. She had no hope for beautiful flowers indeed.
10. What were those flowers mentioned in the last paragraph referred to?
A. A physical representation of the hope.
B. Things deep inside her heart and soul.
C. A lesson she will never forget completely.
D. The trouble she had in making them come out. 11. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. A dark winter with hope. B. Planting hope in winter. C. An area of green in spring. D. Living a changeable life. 【答案】8. B 9. D 10. A 11. B 【解析】这是一篇记叙文。

文章主要讲述了作者的儿子去了中东，作者感到孤独和寂寞。

一位朋友送来了一盒郁金香球茎，这种花的种植，给作者带来了希望。

【8题详解】细节理解题。

根据第一段的I'm not much of a gardener. I love having beautiful
flowers-but I don't have a good track record when it comes to making them grow.(我不是个好园丁，我喜欢漂亮的花，但我在种植方面没有良好的记录)可知，作者虽然喜欢花，但不擅长种花。

B. She is not good at growing flowers. (她不擅长种花)符合以上说法，故选B项。

【9题详解】
推理判断题。

根据第三段的It was a long winter —cold and dark …Dead leaves, frost and finally a heavy snow covered the area where I'd planted those flowers, and I soon forgot they were there. (那是一个漫长的冬天——又冷又黑……枯叶、霜和最后那场雪覆盖了我种那些花的地方，我很快救忘记了它们的存在)可知，冬天很冷、很长，故推测作者忘记它们是因为觉得它们熬不过这个冬天，即没对它们抱有希望。

D. She had no hope for beautiful flowers indeed. (她根本没对这些花种抱有希望)符合以上推测，故选D项。

【10题详解】
细节理解题。

根据最后一段的Day after day I noted the flowers' progress. And day after day, the time approached when my son would finally be home. (我日复一日的关注这花的成长。

一天又一天我的儿子终于要回家了)和And with each brightly colored flower, I marked off one day closer to getting to hold my son in my arms again. (每开一朵色彩鲜艳的花，都标志着我离再次把儿子抱在怀里的日子又近了一天)可知，每开一朵花就代表作者儿子的归来近了一天，即花就是儿子回来的希望。

A. A physical representation of the hope. (希望的实物表现)符合以上说法，故选A项。

【11题详解】
主旨大意题。

根据文章的主要内容，尤其是第二段的She explained that these bulbs were put into the ground in the fall and lay sleeping all winter. They had all the nutrients they needed inside the bulb and would come out in the spring. ''When you see the leaves of the tiny flowers pushing toward the sun, you'll know that it's almost time for your son to come home. (她说这些郁金香球茎秋天种下，整个冬天都在土里。

它们的球茎内有生长所需的营养物质，到了春天的就会从土里出来。

当你看到这些小花的叶子朝着太阳的方向生长时，你就知道你的儿子差不多该回家了)可知，本文主要讲述了冬天种下的郁金香球茎在春天会长出来，这也意味着作者的儿子快要回来，即花代表着作者儿子回来的希望。

B. Planting hope in winter. (在冬天种下希望)可以作为本文标题，故选B项。

D
Student loan (贷款) debt has become a worldwide problem. In America, the country's overall student debt reached a record of $1.6 trillion in 2019. The average person with student loan debt owed between $20,000 and $25,000. A recent Japanese government report says it has been lending over $9 billion yearly to students since 2010. Similar
conditions exist in Africa and South America.
Several factors account for high student loan debt. One is that employers everywhere have increased their demands for skilled workers, making higher education a requirement for many jobs. The students, however, after graduation, often find that their country's economy is not strong enough to support their financial needs, so their ability to pay back the loan becomes a problem.
To solve the problem, many countries are seeking their ways. Australia has developed a system where students do not have to pay anything back until they are earning at least $40,000 a year. In America, several candidates running for president in the 2020 election have offered more extreme solutions that all or at least some of these loans will be forgiven.
Some professors in several universities recently studied what the effects of debt forgiveness might be. They found that, overall, sudden debt relief greatly improved the borrowers' lives. Not only did they have more money, but they were more likely to move to a new area and seek better paying work.
Yet the professors' research doesn't include what might happen to financial institutions or the overall economy if debt were totally forgiven. It only looks at how debt forgiveness would help the borrowers. They warn of some other possible negative effects. If a borrower knew that if he ran into any trouble he would be saved because he could get the debt relief, then he might actually become more reckless (轻率的) with his borrowing in the future.
No matter what, the professors agree that if countries do decide to approve some student debt relief the neediest students should be helped first.
12. How does the author introduce the problem of student loan?
A. By making a comparison.
B. By making classifications.
C. By presenting some statistics.
D. By setting down general rules.
13. What can we learn about student loan debt relief?
A. It will surely provide some benefits to borrowers.
B. It has already been carried out in the United States.
C. It aims to encourage more students to borrow money.
D. It will prevent a person from landing a well-paying job.
14. What is the professors' attitude to debt forgiveness?
A. Uncaring.
B. Positive.
C. Disapproving.
D. Cautious. 15. What's the main idea of the text? A. Student loan debt is the most serious problem worldwide. B. Growing global student debt fuels search for solutions. C. Student loan debt tends to pull the needy out of trouble. D. People hold different opinions on debt forgiveness. 【答案】12. C 13. A 14. D 15. B 【解析】这是一篇说明文。

短文介绍了学生债务成全球性问题，各国都在寻求解决方案。

【12题详解】推理判断题。

由第一段“In America, the country's overall student debt reached a record
of $1.6 trillion in 2019. The average person with student loan debt owed between $20,000 and $25,000. A recent Japanese government report says it has been lending over $9 billion yearly to students since 2010. Similar conditions exist in Africa and South America.”可知，在美国，2019年全国学生债务总额达到了创纪录的1.6万亿美元。

平均每个学生的助学贷款在2万到2.5万美元之间。

日本政府最近的一份报告说，自2010年以来，日本每年向学生发放的贷款已经超过90亿美元。

非洲和南美洲也存在类似的情况。

所以判断出作者通过展示一些统计数据介绍学生贷款的问题。

故选C项。

【13题详解】
细节理解题。

由倒数第三段“They found that, overall, sudden debt relief greatly improved the borrowers' lives. Not only did they have more money, but they were more likely to move to a new area and seek better paying work.”可知，他们发现，总的来说，突然的债务减免极大地改善了借款人的生活。

他们不仅有更多的钱，而且更有可能搬到一个新的地区，寻找更高收入的工作。

所以债务减免肯定会给借款人带来一些好处。

故选A 项。

【14题详解】
推理判断题。

根据第四段中They found that, overall, sudden debt relief greatly improved the borrowers' lives. Not only did they have more money, but they were more likely to move to a new area and seek better paying work.可知，教授们认为免除学生债务是有好处的，这大大改善借款人的生活，他们不仅有更多的钱，而且更有可能搬到一个新的地区，寻找薪水更高的工作。

再根据第五段中Yet the professors’ research doesn’t include what might happen to financial institutions or the overall economy if debt were totally forgiven. It only looks at how debt forgiveness would help the borrowers. They warn of some other possible negative effects.可知，他们的研究不包括如果完全免除债务，金融机构或整个经济可能会发生什么。

它只着眼于债务免除将如何帮助借款人。

他们警告说，还有其他一些可能的负面影响。

由此判断出，教授们对债务免除的态度是谨慎的。

故选D项。

【15题详解】
主旨大意题。

由第一段“Student loan (贷款) debt has become a worldwide problem.”学生贷款债务已经成为一个世界性的问题。

由第三段“To solve the problem, many countries are seeking their ways.”为了解决这个问题，许多国家都在寻找解决方案。

所以短文主要是关于不断增长的全球学生债务促使各国寻找解决方案。

故选B项。

第二节 (共5小题: 每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项。

Few things feel as painful as rejection. Rejection means not being invited to a friend's party. Rejection means having your actions criticized. Rejection means failure when you're trying to sell your idea. Every "no" indicates a door closed to you. ___16___
Developing your self-confidence is key. Rejection is simply the reaction or opinion of another person. ___17___Never think you are worthless or unlovable. What you should do is make a list of things you have done well or contributions you have made. Review them every day. Fill your nighttime and early morning brain with confidence.
Rejection will enhance （增加）whatever negative things you say to yourself. Even the most successful and confident people feel downhearted when rejected, but most of them never tell themselves how terrible they are. ___18___Make sure what you say to yourself builds yourself up instead of tearing yourself down.
___19___ Instead, they view it as an opportunity to further understand human relationships and inner strength. They avoid the pain of rejection and put rejection into context （情境）.Using rejection to your advantage involves looking on every blow as a learning experience. It also involves learning and growing from negative voice.
___20___ You can feel the pain as you like, crying or locking yourself in, but don't let it become a long-term visitor. It is wise for you to respond positively and effectively.
A. Rejection is a learning experience.
B. It's powerless without your cooperation.
C. So you should practice positive self-talk.
D. It's normal to feel upset about rejection.
E. Therefore, it is vital to develop effective responses.
F. Rejection is beneficial to those who make full use of it.
G. Those who transform rejection understand it is not about experiencing loss. 【答案】16. E 17. B 18. C 19. G 20. D
【解析】
【分析】
本文是说明文。

讲述了几条有效回应被拒绝的方法。

【16题详解】
空格前Every "no" indicates a door closed to you讲到被别人拒绝意味着哪些以及它的消极影响。

因此培养有效的回应能力很重要。

故选E。

【17题详解】
空格前讲到培养自信是关键。

排斥只是他人的回应或观点。

没有你的合作这是无力的。

故选B。

【18题详解】
空格前讲到名人们被拒绝的时候也很难过，但是多数人不会告诉自己：自己有多糟糕。

因此建议你也要练习积极的自我对话。

空格后面的builds yourself up和positive是同义词。

故选C。

【19题详解】
空格后Instead, they view it as an opportunity to further understand human
relationships and inner strength.相反，他们认为这是一个进一步了解人类关系的机会。

instead表示转折。

说明G项：那些改变拒绝的人明白，拒绝不是经历损失。

而是机会。

故选G。

【20题详解】
空格位于句首，起到总结本段的作用，空格后You can feel the pain as you like, crying or locking yourself in, but don't let it become a long-term visitor.讲到你可以感受它带来的痛苦，但是不要长期沉浸在其中。

说明D项：关于拒绝你感受到不开心是很正常的。

故选D。

【点睛】七选五的解题技巧之一是根据上下文词汇来锁定线索。

即：要关注空白前后的名词和动词，然后在选项中查找它们的近义词、反义词、同义词、同类词等，看是否有同词复现。

其次是一些专有名词，数词、代词、时间、年代、地点/名称等。

在本文中，第3小题：选项中的positive与后一句中的builds yourself up是同义词复现；因此，关注同义表达在这篇文章中是很有效的做法。

第三部分语言知识运用 (共两节，满分45分)
第一节(共20小题: 每小题15分。

满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

A marine biologist placed a shark into a large holding tank and then put several small bait (诱饵) fish into the tank. The result met your___21___the shark quickly swam across the tank, attacked and ate the smaller fish.
The biologist then___22___a strong piece of fiberglass into the tank, creating two___23___parts. She then put the shark on one side of the___24___fiberglass and a new set of bait fish on the other. Again, the shark quickly___25___. But this time, the shark___26___because it knocked hard against the fiberglass___27___. Determined, the shark kept repeating this___28___every few minutes, but___29___. Meanwhile, the bait fish swam around_____30_____in the second part. Eventually, the shark abandoned_____31_____of hunting. This experiment was carried out several times. Each time, the shark got less_____32_____and made fewer attempts to attack the fish until it_____33_____hitting the fiberglass and simply stopped attacking. The biologist then_____34_____the fiberglass, but the shark didn't attack. The shark was trained
to believe a_____35_____existed between it and the bait fish, so the bait fish could_____36_____wherever they wished, free from harm.
Many of us, after_____37_____setbacks and failures, emotionally give up and stop trying. Like the shark in the story, we_____38_____that because were unsuccessful in the past, we will always be unsuccessful._____39_____,even whe n no “real” barrier exists between where we are and where we want to go, we_____40_____see it in our heads.
21. A. intentions B. expectations C. schedules D. requirements
22. A. changed B. added C. inserted D. crashed
23. A. separate B. opposite C. connected D. relevant
24. A. delicate B. hidden C. transparent D. flexible
25. A. attacked B. controlled C. gathered D. escaped
26. A. bounced B. paused C. withdrew D. left
27. A. tapper B. divider C. tester D. catcher
28. A. routine B. practice C. mistake D. behavior
29. A. failed B. suffered C. passed D. snuggled
30. A. uncovered B. unchallenged C. unharmed D. unnoticed
31. A. joy B. trouble C. need D. hope
32. A. blind B. aggressive C. allergic D.
arbitrary
33. A. got occupied with B. got involved in C. got tired of D. got used to
34. A. readjusted B. restored C. replaced D. removed
35. A. distance B. barrier C. gap D. distinction
36. A. swim B. enjoy C. dive D. flee
37. A. remembering B. rejection C. experiencing D. quitting
38. A. ignore B. fear C. suspect D. believe
39. A. Above all B. In other words C. As a result D. In
conclusion
40. A. abruptly B. randomly C. eventually D.
constantly
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. C 25. A 26. A 27. B 28. D 29.
A 30. C 31. D 32.
B 33.
C 34.
D 35. B 36. A 37. C 38. D
39. B 40. D
【解析】
【分析】
本文是夹叙夹议文。

鲨鱼受水箱中插入的透明玻璃钢影响，在屡次失败后放弃了袭击另一侧
的诱饵鱼，当去除玻璃钢后也不再尝试。

由此联想到许多人在经历挫折和失败后也会放弃，
因为他们丧失信心、勇气和斗志，最后果然失败了。

【21题详解】
考查名词辨析。

句意：结果正如你所预料的那样，这条鲨鱼迅速游过鱼缸，攻击并吃掉了较
小的鱼。

A. intentions意图；B. expectations期望，预料；C. schedules日程安排；D. requirements要求。

根据常识可知把鲨鱼和小鱼放到一起，我们都会预料到鲨鱼会把小鱼吃掉。

故选B。

【22题详解】
考查动词辨析。

句意：然后，生物学家将一块坚固的玻璃钢插入水箱中，使水箱形成两个独
立的部分。

A. changed改变；B. added增加；C. inserted插入；D. crashed碰撞。

此处指
在水箱中竖着插入一块坚固的玻璃钢，故选C。

【23题详解】
考查形容词辨析。

句意：然后，生物学家将一块坚固的玻璃纤维插入水箱中，使水箱形成两
个独立的部分。

A. separate分开的；B. opposite相反的；C. connected连接的；D. relevant
相关的。

此处指玻璃钢把水箱隔开，形成两个空间。

故选A。

【24题详解】
考查形容词辨析。

句意：然后她把鲨鱼放在透明的玻璃钢的一边，另一边放上一组新的诱饵鱼。

A. delicate精美的；B. hidden隐藏的；C. transparent透明的；D. flexible灵活的。

根据下文鲨鱼不断尝试去吃诱饵鱼可知玻璃钢是透明的，鲨鱼能看到诱饵鱼。

故选C。

【25题详解】
考查动词辨析。

句意：鲨鱼开始迅速攻击诱饵鱼。

A. attacked攻击；B. controlled控制；
C. gathered聚集；
D. escaped逃离。

根据第一段attacked and ate the smaller fish和下文made fewer attempts to attack the fish.和stopped attacking可知是鲨鱼攻击诱饵鱼，故选A。

【26题详解】
考查动词辨析。

句意：但这一次，鲨鱼被反弹，因为它狠狠地撞在了玻璃钢隔板上。

A. bounced 弹起；B. paused暂停；C. withdrew收回；D. left离开。

根据常识可知鲨鱼撞在了透明的玻璃钢隔板上，由于力的作用被弹回来。

故选A。

【27题详解】
考查名词辨析。

句意：但这一次，鲨鱼被反弹，因为它狠狠地撞在了玻璃钢隔板上。

A. tapper 轻敲者；B. divider分隔物；C. tester检测器；D. catcher捕手。

此处指玻璃钢隔板，故选B。

【28题详解】
考查名词辨析。

句意：鲨鱼下定决心，每隔几分钟就重复这一动作，但失败了。

A. routine 常规；B. practice练习；C. mistake错误；D. behavior行为，动作。

此处指鲨鱼试图冲破玻璃隔板去吃小鱼的行为，故选D。

【29题详解】
考查动词辨析。

句意：鲨鱼下定决心，每隔几分钟就重复这一动作，但失败了。

A. failed失败；B. suffered遭受；C. passed通过；D. snuggled偎依。

因为玻璃隔板很结实，不可能被鲨鱼冲破，所以鲨鱼失败了。

故选A。

【30题详解】
考查形容词辨析。

句意：与此同时，在另一部分中，诱饵鱼安然无恙地游来游去。

A. uncovered 无覆盖的；B. unchallenged不成问题的；C. unharmed无恙的；D. unnoticed被忽视的。

因为有隔板阻挡，所以诱饵鱼安然无恙。

故选C。

31题详解】
考查名词辨析。

句意：最终，鲨鱼放弃了捕猎的希望。

A. joy欢乐；B. trouble麻烦；C. need 需要；D. hope希望。

根据下文stopped attacking可知鲨鱼放弃了希望，故选D。

【32题详解】
考查形容词辨析。

句意：每一次，鲨鱼的攻击性都降低了，攻击鱼的次数也减少了，直到它厌倦了攻击玻璃钢，不再攻击。

A. blind盲目的，瞎的；B. aggressive侵略性的，好斗的；
C. allergic过敏的；
D. arbitrary任意的。

此处指鲨鱼的攻击性减弱，故选B。

【33题详解】
考查动词短语。

句意：每一次，鲨鱼的攻击性都降低了，攻击鱼的次数也减少了，直到它厌倦了攻击玻璃钢，不再攻击。

A. got occupied with占领了；B. got involved in卷入；C. got tired of厌烦；D. got used to习惯于。

鲨鱼由于屡试失败，所以厌倦了。

故选C。

【34题详解】
考查动词辨析。

句意：然后生物学家去除了玻璃钢，但是鲨鱼不再攻击。

A. readjusted再调整；B. restored修复；C. replaced取代；D. removed去掉。

此处指把插入水箱的玻璃钢去掉，故选D。

【35题详解】
考查名词辨析。

句意：鲨鱼被训练得相信在它和诱饵鱼之间存在着一道屏障，这样诱饵鱼就可以游到任何它们想去的地方，免受伤害。

A. distance距离；B. barrier屏障，障碍；C. gap 间隙；D. distinction区别。

此处指插入水箱的玻璃钢是鲨鱼和诱饵鱼之间的屏障，故选B。

【36题详解】
考查动词辨析。

句意：鲨鱼被训练得相信在它和诱饵鱼之间存在着一道屏障，这样诱饵鱼就可以游到任何它们想去的地方，免受伤害。

A. swim游泳；B. enjoy欣赏，享受；C. dive潜水；D. flee逃跑。

因为玻璃钢阻挡了鲨鱼的攻击，所以诱饵鱼能够自由游动。

故选A。

【37题详解】
考查动词辨析。

句意：我们许多人在经历了挫折和失败后，在情感上放弃了，不再尝试。

A. remembering回忆；B. rejection拒绝；C. experiencing经历，体验；D. quitting放弃。

此处指经历挫折和失败，故选C。

【38题详解】
考查动词辨析。

句意：就像故事中的鲨鱼一样，我们相信，因为我们过去不成功，所以我们将永远不成功。

A. ignore忽视；B. fear害怕；C. suspect怀疑；D. believe相信。

此处指相信这个道理，故选D。

【39题详解】
考查固定搭配。

句意：换句话说，即使在我们所处的位置和我们想要去的地方之间不存在“真正的”障碍，我们仍然不断地在脑海中看到它。

A. Above all首先；B. In other words换句话说；C. As a result结果；D. In conclusion总之。

此处表达的和上句意思相同，只是换了一种说法解释，故选B。

【40题详解】。