00015英语二200907
10月自考英语二（00015）试题及答案（自考答案）
10月自考英语二（00015）试题及答案（自考答案）2015年10月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试英语(二) 试卷(课程代码 00015)本试卷共8页，满分l00分，考试时间l50分钟。
考生答题注意事项：1．本卷所有试题必须在答题卡上作答。
答在试卷上无效，试卷空白处和背面均可作草稿纸。
2．第一部分为选择题。
必须对应试卷上的题号使用2B铅笔将“答题卡”的相应代码涂黑。
3．第二部分为非选择题。
必须注明大、小题号，使用0．5毫米黑色字迹签字笔作答。
4．合理安排答题空间，超出答题区域无效。
选择题区第一部分：阅读判断(第1～l0题，每题l分，共10分)下面的短文后列出了l0个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断：如果该旬提供的是正确信息，选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，选择8；如果该旬的信息文中没有提及，选择C。
在答题卡相应位置上将答案选项涂黑。
Black FridayEveryone likes to shop for gifts for the holiday season, but few people know the history of holiday shopping. While people have heard of Black Friday; most do not know its origins. Black Friday is the day after Thanksgiving (感恩节).On this day most retail stores open their doors very early一some as early as 4 am. In addition, they provide their customers with great discounts on products. With this in mind, it is clear to see why so many shoppers buy many of their Christmas gifts on Black Friday.Black Friday is not as ok! as many people think. In fact, it is believed that the first Black. Friday was held in the 1970s in the USA. It was a day when stores decided to mark the start of theholiday season In order to draw more customers, they offered great discounts. All products sold very well. This large success resulted in the name Black Friday, it was so named because the stores were "in the black". This financial term means the stoics made a lot of money. However, it was not until around 2002 that Black Friday really started to gain in popularity. T oday in the USA, countless advertisers proudly announce their Black Friday sales. They hope to attract shoppers into their stores.Black Friday is a day when many shoppers in the USA go out and buy gifts, even though Christmas Eve is still a more popular day to shop. Thanks to the Internet, it is now possible to get some excellent Black Friday deals online. So if you don't want to get to the stores by 4 am, this is the perfect way to still get items at reduced prices.1. Many people know the history of Black Friday. ?A. TrueB. FalseC. Not Given2. Most stores open their doors for business very early on Black Friday.A. TrueB. FalseC. Not Given3. Customers get better service on Black Friday.A. TrueB. FalseC. Not Given4. Black Friday started in the USA.A. TrueB. FalseC. Not Given5. The holiday season ends on Black Friday.A. TrueB. FalseC. Not Given6. "In the black" is a financial term.A. TrueB. FalseC. Not Given7. Black Friday is no longer popular.A. TrueB. FalseC. Not GivenS. People like to shop online on Christmas Eve.A. TrueB. FalseC. Not Given9. It is possible to get Black Friday discount online.A. TrueB. FalseC. Not Given10. Things are sold at their lowest prices at 4 am.A. TrueB. False C Not Given第二部分：阅读迭择（第11--15题，每渔2分，共10分）阅读下面短文，请从短文后所给各题的4个选项A、B、C、D冲选出1个最佳选项，并在答题卡相应位置上将该项涂黑Living in Brazil (巴西）and SwitzerlandMoving to a different city may seem difficult. You have to change schools and get used to your new home. But you canalways go back to that city to visit. When you move to another country, things are different. However, difficult as it may be, the experience can be rewarding.My dad, a Brazilian, is really funny and can make friends quickly. My mom, a Swiss, is usually quiet and a bit shy. She likes to be organized，But my dad never makes plans. She enjoys stayinghome, but my dad always wants to go out. Swiss and Brazilian一what a mix!After my parents got married, they moved to Switzerland. There they had my brother and me. When I was two, we moved to Brazil. During my childhood we visited Switzerland every year.Many people ask me where I prefer to live: Brazil or Switzerland. It's really hard to answer because I love both countries. Brazil is a big country with many states and people. There are multiple dialects and many types of foods. People here have beautiful smiles and are always happy, even if they are poor. In the south the climate is cool, but in the north It's hot and humid.Switzerland, on the other hand, is small but beautiful and clean. There are four languages in that tiny country. People there are very different from Brazilians: they are wealthy, independent, and organized. The food is delicious, and of course, the famous Swiss chocolate is great, and the climate is dry and cool.I love both countries. In Switzerland, it's pleasant, calm, and peaceful everywhere. I enjoyed my stay there very much. But nowI am happy here in Brazil. I feel excited and at home.11. The author's parents___.A. share similar interestsB. have different jobsC. have different personalitiesD. enjoy reading books12. When the author was a child, the family used to___.A. have many good friendsB. move between the two countriesC. speak two dialectsD. visit Brazil from time to time13. The author thinks Brazilians are___.A. organizedB. independentC. indifferentD. optimistic14. According to the text, Switzerland___.A is famous for its chocolate B. has many big citiesC. has a lot in common with BrazilD. is hot and humid15. According to the author, living in two different cultures is a(n)___.A. appealing ideaB. difficult decisionC. expensive choiceD. pleasant experience非选择题区第三部分：概括段落大意和补全句子(第16—25题，每题1分，共10分）阅读下面短文，请完成短文后的2项测试任务：⑴从第16~20题后所给的6个选项中为第1~5段每段迭择1个正确的小标题；⑵从第21~25题后所给的6个选项中迭择5个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。
英语二(00015)讲解与练习
英语（二）讲义【00015】【内部资料】课程介绍一、课程性质英语（二）是高等教育自学考试各专业（英语专业除外）本科阶段的公共基础课。
二、题型及分值类型题型分值总计考点选择题阅读判断10×1'10'快速阅读阅读选择5×2'10'深度阅读概括段落大意和10×1'10'概括段落大意补全句子提取关键信息填句补文5×2'10'文章结构，段落连贯性填词补文10×1.5'15'单词认知，词性判断非选择题完形补文10×1.5'15'单词认知，词性转换短文写作1×30'30'100词左右合计100'三、本资料介绍针对英语（二）试题中第一题到第四题，本资料给出对应的解题技巧及真题举例；第五题和第六题主要涉及到英语语法，本资料将近5年真题涉及到的语法知识进行总结，详细解释并举对应的真题为例；针对第七题作文部分，本资料给出写作模板及参考例文。
如果您能认真阅读本资料并掌握其中的解题技巧和语法知识，那么您一定能顺利通过考试！目录第一部分语法知识 (4)第一单元名词形容词副词介词 (4)第一章名词 (4)第二章形容词 (5)第三章副词 (8)第四章介词 (10)第二单元谓语动词 (11)第一章系动词 (12)第二章情态动词 (12)第三章时态 (13)第四章英语语态 (16)第三单元非谓语动词 (17)第一章动词不定式 (18)第二章分词 (19)第四单元从句 (21)第一章名词性从句 (21)第二章形容词从句（定语从句） (21)第三章副词从句（状语从句） (21)第五单元并列结构 (22)第二部分应对技巧 (24)第一章阅读判断 (24)第二章阅读选择 (28)第三章概括段落大意和补全句子 (33)第四章填句补文 (36)第五章填词补文 (38)第六章完形补文 (40)第七章短文写作 (41)第一部分语法知识第一单元名词形容词副词介词第一章名词一、概念名词表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称。
《英语二》（课程代码：00015）课程考试大纲
《英语二》（课程代码：00015）课程考试大纲目录I 课程性质与设置目的II课程内容与考核目标第一章TWO WORDS TO AVOID, TWO TO REMEMBER第二章THE FINE ART OF PUTTING THINGS OFF第三章WALLS AND BARRIERS第四章THE LADY，OR THE TIGERPART I【第五章THE LADY，OR THE TIGERPART II第六章DULL WORK第七章BEAUTY第八章APPETITE第九章A RED LIGHT FOR SCOFFLAWS第十章STRAIGHT-A ILLITERACY第十一章ON CONSIGNING MANUSCRIPTS TO FLOPPY DISCS AND ARCHIVES TO OBLIVION 第十二章GRANT AND LEE：A STUDY IN CONTRASTS第十三章EUPHEMISM第十四章THAT ASTOUNDING CREATOR--NATURE第十五章TEACHING AS MOUNTAINEERINGIII 有关说明与实施要求附录题型举例（I 课程性质与设置目的本课程是高等教育自学考试英语教育（独立本科段）考试计划中的核心课程之一。
设置本课程的目的可以归纳为如下几方面：1．引导学生注意吸收语言材料、扩大文化知识，特别是有关英美的文化知识。
2．通过对文章的思想内容、篇章结构、语言技巧的分析，提高学生对文章的理解、分析及评述的能力。
3．~4．继续打好语言基本功，培养熟练技巧，努力发展学生综合应用英语的能力。
4．本课程重点章节为第2章，第3章，第4章，第5章，第6章，第7章，第8章，第9章，第11章，第12章，第13章，次重点为第10章，第15章，一般章节第1章，第14章。
II 课程内容与考核目标（考核知识、考核要求）第一章TWO WORDS TO AVOID, TWO TO REMEMBER；一．学习目的与要求To grasp:1.the background of the story;2.the background of the author;/doc/8515346207.html,anization and development of the text (narrative);4.detailed study of the text;5.Description in Narration二．课程内容：TWO WORDS TO AVOID, TWO TO REMEMBER ;三．考核知识点：1. Words and phrases of this unit;2. Organization and development of the text (narrative);3. Description in Narration四．考核要求识记： Words and phrases of this unit1. the sudden flash of insight that leaves you a changed person: the quick and spontaneous understanding that makes you a changed person2. fallen through: failed%3. checkered tablecloth: tablecloth marked by light and dark patches4. chewing the bitter cud of hindsight: thinking repeatedly about the painful realization of what had happened5. he still carried a full case load: he still carried a briefcase fully loaded with documents6. They are not identified, of course: Their names are not given7. we might begin to get somewhere: succeed8. There's a perverse streak in all of us: obstinately unreasonable quality9. I shook my head ruefully: regretfully10. substitute a phrase that supplies lift instead of creating drag: use a phrase that provides a feeling of encouragement instead of causing nuisance—11. with an audible click: clearly/without any doubt12. I spotted a cruising cab and ran toward it: taxi moving leisurely about, looking for passengers13. Then I wait for that almost perceptible mental click: the clear signal suggested by the Old man that can almost be felt in the mind领会：1. The Organization and development of the text (narrative);2. Description in Narration简单应用:Sentence structure and rewriting>综合应用:Paragraph translation from Chinese to English第二章THE FINE ART OF PUTTING THINGS OFF一．学习目的与要求To grasp:1. Some allusions and historical events mentioned in the text(some see notesto the text)—Punic Wars and Quintus Fabius Maximus, Hamlet, Faustian encounters, Jean Kerr, etc.》2. Organization and development of the text;3. Main idea of each paragraph.4. Style VS. Tone; Formal VS. Informal; (the use of formal style, formal wordsand phrases exaggeration to convey a gay and delightful tone);5. Level of Usage二．课程内容：THE FINE ART OF PUTTING THINGS OFF三．考核知识点：1.Words and phrases of this unit;2. Organization and development of the text;{3. Main idea of each paragraph.4. Style VS. Tone; Formal VS. Informal四．考核要求识记：Words and phrases of this unit1. exhorted: urged strongly2. the elegant earl never got around to marrying his son's mother: found time for3. a habit of keeping worthies like Dr. Johnson cooling their heels for hours: men of importance like Dr. Johnson waiting4. That.…attests to the fact that: proves(5. one of the great Roman generals was dubbed "Cunctator": named humorously6. for putting off battle until the last possible vinum break: until an effective defense deserving a celebration with champagne was ensured7. Moses pleaded a speech defect to rationalize his reluctance to deliver Jehovah's edict to Pharaoh: claimed that he had a speech defect, and that he had reasons for8. at an ungodly 6:30 .: unreasonable9. to file for an extension of the income tax deadline: apply officiallythe apocalyptic voice of Diners threatens doom from Denver: warning, suggests unavoidable destructionpostpone, as Faustian encounters, visits to barbershop: as if they will see devilsfor all the trouble procrastination may incur: in spite of~art of postponement had been virtually a monopoly of the military, diplomacy and the law: found almost only in the field of ruminate about the situation with Singapore Sling in hand: go over in mind repeatedly and slowly, he had no nattering Telex to order machine guns and fresh troops: fortunately, noisythere is no will, there is a way: there is no will to delay, thereis a way todo so.the higher echelons of business: in the case of higher levels data explosion fortifies those seeking excuses for inaction: encourages, doing nothingpoint is will taken: accepted, which flourished amid the growing burdens of government and the greater complexity of society, was designed to smother policymaker in blanks of legalism, compromise and reappraisal: Excessive silly rules, which developed very quickly as a result of the expanding administrative structure and the greater complexityof society, were made to restrict policymakers, who have to be engaged in endless paperwork, mediation and reconsideration^languages are studded with phrases that refer to putting things off: filledare all sorts of rationalizations: reasonskind of subliminal way of sorting the important from the trivial: way outside one's conscious awarenessis something of a truism: an undoubted truththat matter: as further concerns the thing mentioned…is the creation of an entree: a small carefully prepared meat dishdesign can mellow and marinate: ripen and matureLord Chesterfield: with all due respect to|领会：1. Some allusions and historical events mentioned in thetext(some see notesto the text)—Punic Wars and Quintus Fabius Maximus, Hamlet, Faustian encounters, Jean Kerr, etc.2. Organization and development of the text;3. Main idea of each paragraph.4. Style VS. Tone; Formal VS. Informal; (the use of formal style, formal wordsand phrases exaggeration to convey a gay and delightful tone);简单应用:1. sentence structure and rewriting2. paragraph proofreading}综合应用:Paragraph translation from Chinese to English第三章WALLS AND BARRIERS一．学习目的与要求To grasp:1.The Chief Personalities of Man2.…3.Einstein’s Chief Personalities: Modesty, Simplicity, etc.4.Description Developed by Examples二．课程内容：WALLS AND BARRIERS三．考核知识点：1. Inductive analysis to help make his proposition logically sound.2. Comparison and contrasts3. Changes that have occurred in people’s notion of money, in the function ofthe bank, and accordingly, in its architectural features —change in the form or design of architecture is the result of a change in people’s attitude.4. Organization and development of the text:《& 2: beginning with quoting his fatherPara 3 & 4: a view of money in the past and now, architectural designs of banksPara 4: function of bankPara 6: classical and new criticism of architecturePara 7 & 9: attitude toward possible hositility from without in primitive and modern worldPara 8 &10: attitude toward privacy四．考核要求识记：/Words and phrases of this unit1. to whom a good deal of modern architecture is unnerving: discouraging2. a tangible commodity: material3. that could be hefted: lifted for making out the weight4. to attract the custom of a sensible man: business patronage5. If a building's design made it appear impregnable: firm enough6. the institution was necessarily sound: in good condition7. the meaning of the heavy wall…dwelt in the prevailing attitude toward money, rather than in any aesthetic theory: was based on , on}8. the most valuable elements are dash and a creative flairfor the invention of large numbers: vigor and a creative ability9. the door to the vault, far from being secluded and guarded, is set out: not at allolder bank asserted its invulnerability: showed forcefully its freedom from harmis hard to say where architecture ends and human assertion begins: expression of human attitudesare not simply walls but physical symbols of the barriers in men's minds: fears could feel themselves to be in a delimited space: space with fixed limitsundeveloped technology of the period precluded the construction of more delicate walls: made impossible fear of dissolution being the ultimate fear: death/has become questionable: not certainwere dirty, prying, vile, and dangerous: nosy, evilrooms faced not out, but in, toward a patio: inner roofless yardin the intimate activities of a personal as against a public life: rather than rich intricacies of the decorative arts of the period: complex details 21….are as illustrative of this attitude as the walls themselves: illustrate as muchthe conventions of law and social practice: agreementsthe same goes for our homes: is true formay accomplish this function: perform well、who still have qualms about eating…under conditions of high visibility:unpleasant feelingsthat will at least give them a sense of adequate screening:privacy due to separationtoilette taboo being still unbroken: forbidden practicerepeat, it is our changing conceptions of ourselves in relation to the world that determine: In a word, it is our attitudes toward "open plan" and the unobstructed view are consistent with his faith in the eventual solution of all problems: view free from obstruction squarely express 领会：1. Comparison and contrasts2. Changes that have occurred in people’s notion of money, in the function ofthe bank, and accordingly, in its architectural features —change in the form or design of architecture is the result of a change in people’s attitude.:3. Organization and development of the text.简单应用:1. sentence structure and rewriting2. paragraph proofreading综合应用:Paragraph translation from Chinese to English第四章THE LADY，OR THE TIGERPART I~一．学习目的与要求To grasp:1. General introduction of the story — about how justice is administered bya semi-barbaric king.2. Writing skills and style of the text;3. Literary genre: the short story二．课程内容：THE LADY，OR THE TIGERPART I三．考核知识点：1.（2.Words and phrases of this unit;3.The organization of the text3. Writing skills and style of the text;4. Literary genre: the short story四．考核要求：识记：Words and phrases of this unit1. somewhat polished and sharpened by the progressiveness of distant Latin neighbors: civilized2. whose ideas were still large, florid, and untrammeled, as became the half of him which was barbaric: sweeping, wild, and unrestrained, and so（3. He was a man of exuberant fancy: wild and excessive4. he turned his varied fancies into facts: fancies of different kinds5. He was greatly given to self-communing: in the habit of discussing matters with himself6. his nature was bland and genial: gentle and cheerful7. some of his orbs got out of their orbits: subjects did something wrong8. to make the crooked straight, and crush down uneven places: to execute justice9. his barbarism had become semified: reduced to half of what it used to beminds of his subjects were refined and cultured: improved and cultivated\the exuberant and barbaric fancy asserted itself: showed itspowervast amphitheater…was an agent of poetic justice: perfectowed more allegiance to no tradition than pleased his fancy: stuck to no tradition except that whichfiercest and most cruel that could be procured: obtained with effortiron bells were clanged: sadslowly their homeward way: moved over a distance17….should have merited so dire a fate: dese rved so terrible most suitable to his years and station: social rank"interfere with his great scheme of: to stop20. retribution and reward:, deserved punishmentmaidens blowing joyous airs: tuneswedding was promptly and cheerily solemnized: performed in a manner of formal religious ceremonyinnocent man, preceded by children: headedflowers on his path, led his bride to his home: scatteringdecisions …were positively determinate: clearwitness a hilarious wedding: wedding causing wild laughter )element of uncertainty lent an interest to the occasion which it could not otherwise have attained: and this interest could not have been attained in other waysthinking part of the community: those who did not follow the practice blindly in领会：1.Words and phrases of this unit;2.The organization of the text3. Writing skills and style of the text;4. Literary genre: the short story简单应用:）1. sentence structure and rewriting2. paragraph proofreading综合应用:Paragraph translation from Chinese to English第五章THE LADY，OR THE TIGERPART II一．学习目的与要求[To grasp:1.Brief review of the background — Part I in Unit four, the semi-barbaric kingand his way of administering justice.2.Structure of the text3.Psychological description of the princess;4.How does the author create the intensity of situation5.The unconventional ending with a question and its effect.6.Literary genre: the short story二．课程内容：THE LADY，OR THE TIGERPART II)三．考核知识点：1.Words and phrases of this unit;2. Structure of the text3. Psychological description of the princess;4. How does the author create the intensity of situation5. The unconventional ending with a question and its effect.6. Literary genre: the short story四．考核要求：{识记：Words and phrases of this unit1. fervent and imperious as his own: strong and arrogant2. royal maiden was well satisfied with her lover: princess3. ardor that had enough of barbarism in it: eagerness4. waver in regard to his duty in the premises: falter to execute his power in his own territory5. deed with which the accused was charged had been done: romantic affair6. take an aesthetic pleasure in watching the course of events: enjoy watching with excitement7. admittance: right of entrance（8. hum of admiration and anxiety: noise9. Possessed of more power: With10. possessed herself of the secret of the doors: managed to getdamsels of the court: unmarried young women of noble birth12. aspiring to one so far above him: desiring earnestly13. those whose souls are one: who understand each other very well14. lead us through devious mazes of passion: helps us get rid of the control of the confusing feelings and emotions of various kindssoul was at a white heat beneath the combined fires of despair and jealousy: she suffered badly from the torture of despair and jealousy（often had she started in wild horror: been startledthe blessed regions: holy18. futurity: future timedecision had been indicated in an instant: made clear20. anguished deliberation: agonizing self-debating21. presume to set myself up as the one person able to answer it: suppose to regardmyself领会：1. Description of the princess, daughter of the semi-barbaric king;【2. Her love with enough of barbarism for the young courtier of that fineness of blood and lowness of station3. Her combined fires of despair and jealousy;4. Her decision;5. Structure of the text6. The unconventional ending with a question and its effect.7. Literary genre: the short story简单应用:1. sentence structure and rewriting]2. paragraph proofreading综合应用:Paragraph translation from Chinese to English第六章DULL WORK一．学习目的与要求To grasp:1.?2.The organization of the text2. Classical Thetoric二．课程内容：DULL WORK三．考核知识点：1.Words and phrases of this unit;2.The organization of the text;3. Classical Thetoric四．考核要求：@识记：Words and phrases of this unit1. assumption that: belief2. eventful lives: lives full of important events3. The opposite is nearer the truth: The fact that people who achieve much are often content with the routine uneventful lives they live4. an unalterable routine: a dull and regular5. transmute trivial impulses into momentous consequences: be inspired by seemingly unimportant sudden ideas for the success in great achievements6. what he can do with physiological pressures and hunger: his capacity to suffer illness and hunger7. vexation: discomfort、8. seminal: highly original and influencing the development of future events9. equidistant from：equally distant10. insights: understandings11. inordinate humanness shows itself in the ability to make the trivial and common reach an enormous way: excessive human feature is embodied12. exhausts rather than stimulates: exhausts rather than stimulates creative power 领会：1.The organization of the text2.Classical Thetoric、简单应用:1. sentence structure and rewriting2. paragraph proofreading综合应用:Paragraph translation from Chinese to English第七章BEAUTY!一．学习目的与要求To grasp:1.The organization of the text2.Definition二．课程内容：BEAUTY三．考核知识点：1. Words and phrases of this unit;2. The organization of the text;（3. Definition四．考核要求：识记：Words and phrases of this unit1. what we have to call--lamely, enviously--whole persons: helplessly2. it was quite paradoxical: seemingly self-contradictory: charming4. One of Socrates' main pedagogical acts was to be ugly: teaching5. we are more wary of the enchantments of beauty: careful about the different aspects of overall excellence-6. We …split of--with the greatest facility--the "inside" fromthe "outside": very easily7. the central place of beauty in classical ideas of human excellence: ancient Greek and Roman8. Christianity set beauty adrift: out of control9. an alienated, arbitrary, …enchantment:, strange and capricious10. Associating beauty with women has put beauty even further on the defensive, morally: questionable in value11. Catholic countries…still retain some vestiges: tracesthe pagan admiration for beauty:, ancient Greek and Roman the detriment of the notion of beauty: which is harmful to#领会：1. The organization of the text;2. Definition简单应用:1. sentence structure and rewriting2. paragraph proofreading综合应用:Paragraph translation from Chinese to English第八章APPETITE一．学习目的与要求To grasp:1.The organization of the text2.Sentence complexity and rhetorical effect3.Allusion: Oscar Wilde, Irish-born writer. Renowned as a wit in London literarycircles, he achieved recognition with The Picture of Dorian Gray(1891), a novel.He also wrote plays of lively dialogue, such as The Importance of Being Earnest (1895), and poetry, including The Ballad of Reading Gaol (1898).4.。
2009年考研英语二真题试卷(后附答案详解)
2009考研英语（二）真题及答案解析Directions：For each numbered blank in the following passage，there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a pencil.In1999, the price of oil hovered around $16 a barrel. By 2008, it had 21 the $100 a barrel mark. The reasons for the surge 22 from the dramatic growth of the economies of china and India to widespread 23 in oil-producing regions, including Iraq and Nigeria's delta region. Triple-digit oil prices have 24 the economic and political map of the world, 25 some old notions of power. Oil-rich nations are enjoying historic gains and opportunities, 26 major importers—including china and India, home to a third of the world's population 27 rising economic and social costs.Managing this new order is fast becoming a central 28 of global politics. Countries that need oil are clawing at each other to 29 scarce supplies, and are willing to deal with any government, 30 how unpleasant, to do it .In many poor nations with oil , the profits are being ,lost to corruption, 31 these countries of their best hope for development. And oil is fueling enormous investment funds run by foreign governments, 32 some in the west see as a new threat. Countries like Russia, Venezuela and Iran are well supplied with rising oil 33 , a change reflected in newly aggressive foreign policies. But some unexpected countries are reaping benefits, 34 costs, from higher prices. Consider Germany. 35 it imports virtually all its oil, it has prospered from extensive trade with a booming Russia and the Middle East. German exports to Russia 36 128 percent from 2001 to 2006.In the United States, as already high gas prices rose 37 higher in the spring of 2008,the issue cropped up in the presidential campaign, with Senators McCain and Obama 38 for a federal gas tax holiday during the peak summer driving months. And driving habits began to 39 ,as sales of small cars jumped and mass transport systems 40 the country reported a sharp increase in riders.21. A. come B. gone C. crossed D. arrived22. A. covered B. discovered C. arranged D. ranged23. A. intensity B. infinity C. insecurity D. instability24. A. drawn B. redrawn C. retained D. reviewed25. A. fighting B. struggling C. challenging D. threatening26. A. and B. while C. thus D. though27. A. confine B. conflict C. conform D. confront28. A. problem B. question C. matter D. event29. A. look for B. lock up C. send out D. keep off30. A. no matter B. what if C. only if D. in spite of31. A. abolishing B. depriving C. destroying D. eliminating32. A. what B. that C. which D. whom33. A. interests B. taxes C. incomes D. revenues34. A. as many as B. as good as C. as far as D. as well as35. A. Although B. Because C. Since D. As36. A. advanced B. grew C. reduces D. multiplied37. A. even B. still C. rather D. fairly38. A. asking B. requesting C. calling D. demanding39. A. change B. turn C. shift D. transform40. A. for B. from C. across D. overPart III Reading Comprehension (40%)Direction: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. You should decide on the best choice. Then blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a pencil.PASSAGE1.Henric Ibsen ,author of the play"A Doll's House", in which a pretty, helpless housewife abandons her husband and children to seek a more serious life, would surely have approved.. From January Ist ,2008, all public companies in Norway are obliged to ensure that at least 40% of their board directors are women. Most firms have obeyed the law, which was passed in 2003.But about 75 out of the 480 or so companies it affects are still too male for the government's liking. They will shortly receivea letter informing them that they have until the end of February to act , or face the legal consequences---which could include being dissolved.Before the law was proposed, about 7% of board members in Norway were female , according to the Centre for Corporate Diversity .The number has since jumped to 36%. That is far higher than the average of 9% for big companies across Europe or America's 15% for the Fortune 500.Norway's stock exchange and its main business lobby oppose the law, as do many businessmen." I am against quotas for women or men as a matter of principle," says Sverre Munck , head of international operations at a media firm. "Board members of public companies should be chosen solely on the basis of merit and experience,"be says. Several firms have even given up their public status in order to escape the new law.Companies have had to recruit about 1,000 women in four years. Many complain that it has been difficult to find experienced candidates. Because of this, some of the best women have collected as many as 25-35 directorships each, and are known in Norwegian business circles as the "golden skirts". One reason for the scarcity is that there are fairly few women in management in Norwegian companies---they occupy around 15% of senior positions. It has been particularly hard for firms in the oil, technology and financial industries to find women with a enough experience. Some people worry that their relative lack of experience may keep women quiet on boards, and that in turn could mean that boards might become less able to hold managers to account. Recent history in Norway, however, suggests that the right women can make strong directors. "Women feel more compelled than men to do their homework," says Ms Reksten Skaugen , who was voted Norway's chairman of the year for 2007, "and we can afford to ask the hard questions, because women are not always expected to know the answers."41. The author mentions Ibsen's play in the first paragraph in order to .A. depict women's dilemma at workB. explain the newly passed lawC. support Norwegian governmentD. introduce the topic under discussion42. A public company that fails to obey the new law could be forced to .A. pay a heavy fineB. close down its businessC. change to a private businessD. sign a document promising to act43. To which of the following is Sverre Munck most likely to agree? A. A set ratio of women in a board is unreasonable.B. A reasonable quota for women at work needs to be set.C. A common principle should be followed by all companies.D. An inexperienced businessman is not subject to the new law.44.The author attributes the phenomenon of "golden skirts" to .A. the small number of qualified females in managementB. the over-recruitment of female managers in public companiesC. the advantage women enjoy when competing for senior positionsD. the discrimination toward women in Norwegian business circles45. The main idea of the passage might be .A. female power and liberation in NorwayB. the significance of Henric Ibsen's playC. women's status in Norwegian firmsD. the constitution of board members in NorwayPASSAGE2.While there's never a good age to get cancer, people in their 20s and 30s can feel particularly isolated. The average age of a cancer patient at diagnosis is 67. Children with cancer often are treated at pediatric (小儿科的) cancer centers, but young adults have a tough time finding peers, often sitting side-by-side during treatments with people who could be their grandparents.In her new book Crazy Sexy Cancer Tips, writer Kris Carr looks at cancer from the perspective of a young adult who confronts death just as she's discovering life. Ms. Carr was 31 when she was diagnosed with a rare from of cancer that had generated tumors on her liver and lungs.Ms. Carr reacted with the normal feelings of shock and sadness. She called her parents and stocked up on organic food, determined to become a "full-time healing addict." Then she picked up the phone and called everyone in her address book, asking if they knew other young women with cancer. The result was her own personal "cancer posse": a rock concert tour manager, a model, a fashion magazine editor, a cartoonist and a MTV celebrity, to name a few. This club of "cancer babes" offered support, advice and fashion tips, among other things.Ms. Carr put her cancer experience in a recent Learning Channel documentary, and she has written a practical guide about how she coped. Cancer isn't funny, but Ms. Carr often is. She swears, she makes up names for the people who treat her ( Dr. Fabulous and Dr. Guru ), and she even makes second sound fun ("cancer road trips," she calls them).She leaves the medical advice to doctors, instead offering insightful and practical tips that reflect the world view of a young adult. "I refused to let cancer ruin my party," she writes. " Thereare just too many cool things to do and plan and live for."Ms. Carr still has cancer, but it has stopped progressing. Her cancer tips include using time-saving mass e-mails to keep friends informed, sewing or buying fashionable hospital gowns so you're not stuck with regulation blue or gray and playing Gloria Gaynor's "I Will Survive" so loud you neighbors call the police. Ms. Carr also advises an eyebrow wax and a new outfit before you tell the important people in your illness. " people you tell are going to cautious and not so cautiously try to see the cancer, so dazzle them instead with your miracle," she writes.While her advice may sound superficial, it gets to the heart of what every cancer patient wants: the chance to live life just as she always did, and maybe better.46. Which of the following groups is more vulnerable to cancer?A. Children.B. People in their 20s and 30s.C. Young adults.D. Elderly people.47. All of the following statements are true EXCEPT _______.A. Kris Carr is a female writerB. Kris Carr is more than 31-year-old.C. Kris Carr works in a cancer center.D. Kris Carr is very optimistic.48. The phrase "cancer posse" (Line 4, para.3 ) probably refers to ________A. a cancer research organizationB. a group of people who suffer from cancerC. people who have recovered from cancerD. people who cope with cancer49. Kris Carr make up names for the people who treat her because ________A. she is depressed and likes swearingB. she is funny and likes playing jokes on doctorC. she wants to leave the medical advice to doctorD. she tries to leave a good impression on doctor50. From Kris Carr's cancer tips we may infer that ________A. she learned to use e-mails after she got cancerB. she wears fashionable dress even after suffering from cancerC. hospital gowns for cancer patients are usually not in bright colorsD. the neighbors are very friendly with cancer patientsPASSAGE3.Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage:Should a leader strive to be loved or feared?This question,famously posed by Machiavelli,lies at the heart of Joseph Nye's new book.Mr.Nye,a former dean of the Kennedy School of Govemment at Harvard and one-time chairman of America's National Intelligence Council,is best known for promoting the idea of "soft power",based on persuasion and influence,as a counterpoint to "hard power",based on coercion(强迫) and force.Having analyzed the use of soft and hard power in politics and diplomacy in his previous books,Mr.Nye has now turned his attention to the relationship between power and leadership,in both the political and business spheres.Machiavelli,he notes,concluded that "one ought to be both feared and loved,but as it is difficult for the two to go together,it is much safer to be feared than loved."In short,hard power is preferable to soft power.But modem leadership theorists have come to the opposite conclusion.The context of leadership is changing,the observe,and the historical emphasis on hard power is becoming outdated.In modem companies and democracies,power is increasingly diffused and traditional hierarchies(等级制) are being undermined,making soft power ever more important.But that does not mean coercion should now take a back seat to persuasion.Mr.Nye argues.Instead,he advocates a synthesis of these two views.The conclusion of The Powers to Lead ,his survey of the theory of leadership,is that a combination of hard and soft power,which he calls”smart power”,is the best approach.The dominant theoretical model of leadership at the moment is ,apparently,the “transformational leadership pattern”.Anone allergic(反感) to management term will already be running for the exit,but Mr,Nye has performed a valuable service in rounding up and summarizing the various academic studies and theories of leadcriship into a single,slim volume.He examines different approaches to leadership,the morality of leadership and how the wider context can determine the effcctiveness of a particular leader.There are plcnty of anccdotes and examples,both historical and contemporary,political and corporate.Alsa,leadership is a slippery subject,and as he depicts various theories,even Mr.Nye never quite nails the jelly to the wall.He is at his most interesting when discussing the moral aspects of leadershipin particular,the question of whether it is sometimes necessary for good leaders to lie -and he provides a helpful 12-point summary of his conclusions.A recuming theme is that as circumstances change,different sorts of leadcrs are required;a leader who thrives in one environment may struggle in another,and vice versa.Ultimately that is just a fancy way of saying that leadcrship offers no casy answers.51.From the first two paragraphs we may learn than Mr.Machiavelli's idea of hard power is ______.A.well accepted by Joseph NyeB.very influential till nowadaysC.based on sound theoriesD.contrary to that of modem leadership theorists52.Which of the following makes soft power more important today according to Mr.Nye?A.Coercion is widespread.B.Morality is devalued.C.Power is no longer concentrated.D.Traditional hierarchies are strengthened53.In his book the Powers to lead,Mr.Nye has exmined all the following aspects of leadership EXCEPT_____.A.authorityB.contextC.approachesD.morality54.Mr.Nye's book is particularly valuable in that it _____.A.makes little use of management termsB.summarizes various studies conciselyC.serves as an exit for leadership researchersD.sets a model for contemporary corporate leaders55.According to the author,the most interesting part of Mr.Nye's book lies in his _____.A.view of changeable leadershipB.definition of good leadershipC.summary of leadership historyD.discussion of moral leadershipPASSAGE4Questions 56to 60are based on the following passage:Americans don't like to lose wars. Of course, a lot depends on how you define just what a war is. There are shooting wars-the kind that test patriotism and courage-and those are the kind at which the U.S excels. But other struggles test those qualities too. What else was the Great Depression or the space race or the construction of the railroads? If American indulge in a bit of flag—when the job is done, they earned it.Now there is a similar challenge. Global warming. The steady deterioration(恶化)of the very climate of this very planet is becoming a war of the first order, and by any measure, the U.S. produces nearly a quarter of the world's greenhouse gases each year and has stubbornly made it clear that it doesn't intend to do a whole lot about it. Although 174 nations approved the admittedly flawed Kyoto accords to reduce carbon levels, the U.S. walked away from them. There are vague promises of manufacturing fuel from herbs or powering cars with hydrogen. But for a country that tightly cites patriotism as one of its core values, the U.S. is taking a pass on what might be the most patriotic struggle of all. It's hard to imagine a bigger fight than one for the survival of a country's coasts and farms, the health of its people and stability of its economy.The rub is, if the vast majority of people increasingly agree that climate change is a global emergency, there's far less agreement on how to fix it. Industry offers its pans, which too often would fix little. Environmentalists offer theirs, whichtoo often amount to native wish lists that could weaken American's growth. But let's assume that those interested parties and others will always bent the table and will always demand that their voices be heard and that their needs be addressed. What would an aggressive, ambitious, effective plan look like-one that would leave the U.S. both environmentally safe and economically sound?Halting climate change will be far harder. One of the more conservative plans for addressing the problem calls for a reduction of 25 billion tons of carbon emissions over the next 52 year. And yet by devising a consistent strategy that mixes and blends pragmatism(实用主义)with ambition, the U.S. can, without major damage to the economy, help halt the worst effects of climate change and ensure the survival of its way of life for future generations. Money will do some of the work, but what's needed most is will. "I'm not saying the challenge isn't almost overwhelming," says Fred Krupp. "But this is America, and America has risen to these challenges before."56. What does the passage mainly discuss?A. Human wars.B. Economic crisis.C. America's environmental policies.D. Global environment in general.57. From the last sentence of paragraph 2 we may learn that the survival of a country's coasts and farms, the health of its people and the stability of its economyis__________.A. of utmost importanceB. a fight no one can winC. beyond people's imaginationD. a less significant issue58. Judging from the context, the word "rub"(Line 1, Para.3)probably means_______.A. frictionB. contradictionC. conflictD. problem59. What is the author's attitude toward America's policies on global warming?A. CriticalB. IndifferentC. SupportiveD. Compromising60. The paragraphs immediately following this passage would most probably deal with___________.A. the new book written by Fred KruppB. how America can fight against global warmingC. the harmful effects of global warmingD. how America can tide over economic crisisPart Ⅳ TranslationWith the nation’s financial system teetering on a cliff. The compensation arrangements for executives of the big banks and other financial firms are coming under close examination again.Bankers’ excessive risk- taking is a significant cause of this financial crisis and has continued, to others in the past, in this case, it was fueled by low interest rates and kept going by a false sense of security created by a debt-fueled bubble in the economy.Mortgage lenders gladly lent enormous sums to those who could not afford to pay them back dividing the laws and selling them off to the next financial institution along the chain, advantage of the same high-tech securitization to load on more risky mortgage-based assets.Financial regulation will have to catch up with the most irresponsible practices that led banks down in this road, in hopes averting the next crisis, which is likely to involve different financial techniques and different sorts of assets. But it is worth examining the root problem of compensation schemes that are tied to short-term profits and revenue’s, and thus encourage bankers to take irresponsible risks. Section Ⅲ Translation 46. Directions: In this section there is a text in English. Translate it into Chinese. Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET 2. (15 points) Who would have thought that, globally, the IT industry produces about the same volume of greenhouse gases as the world’s airlines do --- roughly 2 percent of all CO2 emissions? Many everyday tasks take a surprising toll on the environment. A Google search can leak between 0.2 and 7.0 grams of CO2, depending on how many attempts are needed to get the “right” answer. To deliver results to its users quickly, then, Google has to maintain vast data centres around the world, packed with powerful computers. While producing large quantities of CO2, these computers emit a great deal of heat, so the centres need to be well air-conditioned, which uses even more energy. However, Google and other big tech providers monitor their efficiency closely and make improvements. Monitoring is the first step on the road to reduction , but there is much more to be done, and not just by big companies.小作文真题：suppose your cousin LI MING has just been admited to a university write him/her a letter to:(1)Congratulate him/her,and(2)give him/her suggestions on how to get prepared for university life you should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2. DO not sign your own name at the end of the letter,Use "zhangwe"大作文真题：write a short essay baesd on the following chart.in your writing,you should:1)interpret the chart and2)give your comments you should write at least 150 wrods write your essay on answer sheet 2(15points)2009考研英语（二）真题及答案解析（4）答案SECTION 221-30 CDDBC BDABA31-40 BADDA BACACSECTION 341-50 BBAAC CCBCC51-60 DCABD CAAACSECTION 4由于国家金融体制处于危机边缘动荡,一些大银行和金融机构中的高级管理人员的补偿金计划就受到密切关注. 银行家们过度冒险是金融危机的至关重要原因,在历史上也有类似情况.在这种情况下,一般是由低息引起并造成持续的错觉,其实是一种债务泡沫经济. 抵押贷款人很乐意把大量资金借给无力偿还的人,就把贷款瓜分了,并沿这样的链条出售给下一个金融机构,这些做法都在利用高科技证券业,结果,却增加了抵押资产的风险. 金融条例必须能应付这种能使银行下滑的,最不负责任的做法,以期扭转下一个危机,而这下一个危机很可能包括有各种类型的技术和资产.但值得审视补偿金计划的根本问题,因为那是眼前利益,但却让银行家们不负责任的甘冒风险.46.Directions:In this section there is a text in English .Translate it into Chinese. Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET2.(15points)“Suatainability” has become apopular word these days, but to Ted Ning, the concept will always have personal meaning. Having endured apainful period of unsustainability in his own life made itclear to him that sustainability-oriented values must be expressed though everyday action and choice.Ning recalls spending aconfusing year in the late 1990s selling insurance. He‟d been though the dot-com boom and burst and,desperate for ajob,signed on with a Boulder agency.It didin‟t go well. “It was a really had move because that‟s not my passion,” says Ning, whose dilemma about the job translated, predictably, into a lack of sales. “I was miserable, I had so much anxiety that I would wake up in the middle of the night and stare at the ceiling. I had no money and needed the job. Everyone said, …Just wait, you‟ll trun the corner, give it some time.‟”翻译参考“坚持不懈”如今已成一个流行词汇，但对TedNing而言，这个概念一直有个人含义，经历了一段痛苦松懈的个人生活，使他清楚面向以坚持不懈为导向的价值观，必须贯彻到每天的行动和选择中。
00015 英语二自学教程 unit7
Text A Your Inner Voice
Apparently he had some very hurtful personal problems that were so overwhelming that he was planning to take his life that day. In his letter he went on to explain that he was a religious person and in desperation screamed out to God that if God really cared about him he would send someone to prevent him from taking his life. In his eyes I was that someone, that Angel sent by God.
就在我乘坐的这辆开往市区的列车行驶了30分钟之后，我发现自己很想知道 这个男人在想什么。什么事情如此重要以至于他都没有注意到我。我试着忘 记这一切，开始看报纸。但是，不知道是什么奇怪的原因，我的内心一直在 鼓励我跟这个人说话。我实在不知道怎样跟一个陌生人开始聊天，就试图忽 略这个声音。
Text A Your Inner Voice
英语（二）
全国高等教育自学考试
讲解人：Grace Shao
Unit 7
Inner Voice
Text A Your Inner Voice
My day started just like all the other days for the past 15 years where I get up, make some coffee, shower, get dressed and leave for the train station at precisely 7:35 A.M. to arrive at work by 8:30. While on the train I would always choose a seat away from the crowd so I can read the newspaper in peace and quiet. At work I am always being bombardedwith questions from coworkers, suppliers, telephone and then those dreaded meetings, so the last thing I need is some stranger to sit beside me and make small talk.
山东自考《英语二》课后练习题答案(代码00015)
英语2（主编：刘振前张秀丽）第一单元II. 1.She must be more reasonable, but by the same token you must try to understand her.2.Most people contributed something towards the new church buildings.3.She stayed in her room to avoid confrontation with others.4.The way she ordered me really annoyed me.5.The local people were very kind and hospitable.6.A mother will sacrifice her life for her children.7.Enen if Mandy protests that she is not drunk, don’t let her drive.8.He didn’t even offer to help.9.It’s best to cook vegetables with a small amount of water.10. She seldom appears other than happy.III.Translate the following sentences into Chinese1、就如澳大利亚在全国推广学亚洲语言一样，中国也掀起一股外语热，在这股热潮中英语高居榜首。
Like the national push for Asian literacy in Australia, there has been foreign languages fervor in china, with English on top of the list.2、英语真的有这么难，需要人们投入大量的时间和精力才能掌握吗？Is English such a difficult language that it really demands people to invest a large amount of time and energy before it is mastered?3、从我个人的经验来看，英语学习不仅仅是指学习英语发音和语法规则等。
00015 英语(二)考前资料
关于《英语（二）》考试 注意事项：满分 100 分；考试时间 150 分钟。 考试题型： 1.阅读判断 10 道，每道 1 分，共 10 分； 2.阅读选择 5 道，每道 2 分，共 10分； 3.概括段落大意和补全句子 10 道，每道 1 分，共 10 分； 4.填句补文 5 道，每道 2 分，共 10分； 5.填词补文 10 道，每道 1.5 分，共 15 分； 6.完形补文 10 道，每道 1.5 分，共 15 分； 7.短文写作 1 篇，共 30 分。 阅读理解 一 一 不同答题要求分类 （一）主旨题 考查考生对文章内容的深层次理解，在宏观上把握文章写作的目的，要求考生必须 在充分理解全文的前提下，对整篇文章的主旨大意有一个较为清晰的印象：它既考查阅 读理解能力，又考查深层次的推理、概括能力，难度相对较大。 1. 这类问题主要测试考生把握主题与中心思想的能力。主要形式有： ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������
自考英语二(00015)Unit1-TextB 课文
command v. 命令，指挥；控制 n. 指挥，控制；司令部 commander 指挥官；司令官 commandment 戒律；法令 commandant 司令官，指挥官；军事学校的校长 eg. 他命令士兵们把大门关上。 He commanded the soldiers to shut the gate. knowingly adv. 故意地；机警地，狡黠地 近义词：intentionally knowing adj. 博学的；狡猾的；心照不宣的 n. 认知 eg. 我们不知道政府有没有故意或蓄意地掩盖事实。 We did not know that whether the government knowingly or consciously choose to cover the truth.
1. a great degree of 很大程度上的 eg. All these are valid reasons for a very great degree of freedom. 所有这些都是要求高度自由的合理原因。 2. mastery n. 掌握，掌控 eg.Science offers us total mastery over environment and over our destiny. 科学给了我们对环境自身命运很大的掌控权。 He doesn’t have mastery of the basic rules of grammar. 他没有掌握语法的基本规则。
自考英语二(00015)unit1 text A 课文
Pre-reading Questions
1. Do you usually challenge the idea an author represents? What do you think is active reading?
通常情况下，你是否会反对作者提出的观点？你认为 什么是积极阅读？
Making Suggestions
Steve: Hi, Jenny, would you like to do something with me this weekend? Jenny: Sure. What shall we do? Steve: I don't know. Do you have any ideas? Jenny: Why don't we see a film? Steve:That sounds good to me. Which film shall we see? Jenny: Let's see Action Man 4.
史蒂夫：8点在瑞克斯影院。看电 影之前我们吃点东西怎么样？
Jenny: Sure, that sounds great. What about going to that new Italian restaurant Michetti's?
珍妮：当然了，好主意。去新开 的意大利餐馆梅开缇吧。
Steve: Great idea! Let's meet there 史蒂夫：太好了! 6点钟在那不见
史蒂夫：我不想看那部电影，我 不喜欢看充满暴力的影片。《疯 狂的布朗医生》怎么样？听说很 有趣。
quite a funny film.
Jenny: OK. Let's go see that. When 珍妮：好的。就看这部吧！几点
《英语二》(课程代码：00015)课程考试大纲
目录I 课程性质与设置目的II课程内容与考核目标第一章TWO WORDS TO AVOID, TWO TO REMEMBER第二章THE FINE ART OF PUTTING THINGS OFF第三章WALLS AND BARRIERS第四章THE LADY，OR THE TIGERPART I【第五章THE LADY，OR THE TIGERPART II第六章DULL WORK第七章BEAUTY第八章APPETITE第九章A RED LIGHT FOR SCOFFLAWS第十章STRAIGHT-A ILLITERACY第十一章ON CONSIGNING MANUSCRIPTS TO FLOPPY DISCS AND ARCHIVES TO OBLIVION 第十二章GRANT AND LEE：A STUDY IN CONTRASTS?第十三章EUPHEMISM第十四章THAT ASTOUNDING CREATOR--NATURE第十五章TEACHING AS MOUNTAINEERINGIII 有关说明与实施要求附录题型举例（I 课程性质与设置目的本课程是高等教育自学考试英语教育（独立本科段）考试计划中的核心课程之一。
设置本课程的目的可以归纳为如下几方面：1．引导学生注意吸收语言材料、扩大文化知识，特别是有关英美的文化知识。
2．通过对文章的思想内容、篇章结构、语言技巧的分析，提高学生对文章的理解、分析及评述的能力。
3．~4．继续打好语言基本功，培养熟练技巧，努力发展学生综合应用英语的能力。
4．本课程重点章节为第2章，第3章，第4章，第5章，第6章，第7章，第8章，第9章，第11章，第12章，第13章，次重点为第10章，第15章，一般章节第1章，第14章。
II 课程内容与考核目标（考核知识、考核要求）第一章TWO WORDS TO AVOID, TWO TO REMEMBER；一．学习目的与要求To grasp:1.the background of the story;2.the background of the author;anization and development of the text (narrative);4.detailed study of the text;5.Description in Narration二．课程内容：TWO WORDS TO AVOID, TWO TO REMEMBER;三．考核知识点：1. Words and phrases of this unit;2. Organization and development of the text (narrative);3. Description in Narration四．考核要求识记： Words and phrases of this unit1. the sudden flash of insight that leaves you a changed person: the quick and spontaneous understanding that makes you a changed person2. fallen through: failed%3. checkered tablecloth: tablecloth marked by light and dark patches4. chewing the bitter cud of hindsight: thinking repeatedly about the painful realization of what had happened5. he still carried a full case load: he still carried a briefcase fully loaded with documents6. They are not identified, of course: Their names are not given7. we might begin to get somewhere: succeed8. There's a perverse streak in all of us: obstinately unreasonable quality9. I shook my head ruefully: regretfully10. substitute a phrase that supplies lift instead of creating drag: use a phrase that provides a feeling of encouragement instead of causing nuisance—11. with an audible click: clearly/without any doubt12. I spotted a cruising cab and ran toward it: taxi moving leisurely about, looking for passengers13. Then I wait for that almost perceptible mental click: the clear signal suggested by the Old man that can almost be felt in the mind领会：1. The Organization and development of the text (narrative);2. Description in Narration简单应用:Sentence structure and rewriting>综合应用:Paragraph translation from Chinese to English第二章THE FINE ART OF PUTTING THINGS OFF一．学习目的与要求To grasp:1. Some allusions and historical events mentioned in the text(some see notesto the text)— Punic Wars and Quintus Fabius Maximus, Hamlet, Faustian encounters, Jean Kerr, etc.》2. Organization and development of the text;3. Main idea of each paragraph.4. Style VS. Tone; Formal VS. Informal; (the use of formal style, formal wordsand phrases exaggeration to convey a gay and delightful tone);5. Level of Usage二．课程内容：THE FINE ART OF PUTTING THINGS OFF三．考核知识点：1.Words and phrases of this unit;2. Organization and development of the text;{3. Main idea of each paragraph.4. Style VS. Tone; Formal VS. Informal四．考核要求识记：Words and phrases of this unit1. exhorted: urged strongly2. the elegant earl never got around to marrying his son's mother: found time for3. a habit of keeping worthies like Dr. Johnson cooling their heels for hours: men of importance like Dr. Johnson waiting4. That.…attests to the fact that: proves(5. one of the great Roman generals was dubbed "Cunctator": named humorously6. for putting off battle until the last possible vinum break: until an effective defense deserving a celebration with champagne was ensured7. Moses pleaded a speech defect to rationalize his reluctance to deliver Jehovah's edict to Pharaoh: claimed that he had a speech defect, and that he had reasons for8. at an ungodly 6:30 .: unreasonable9. to file for an extension of the income tax deadline: apply officiallythe apocalyptic voice of Diners threatens doom from Denver: warning, suggests unavoidable destructionpostpone, as Faustian encounters, visits to barbershop: as if they will see devilsfor all the trouble procrastination may incur: in spite of~art of postponement had been virtually a monopoly of the military, diplomacy and the law: found almost only in the field ofruminate about the situation with Singapore Sling in hand: go over in mind repeatedly and slowly, he had no nattering Telex to order machine guns and fresh troops: fortunately, noisythere is no will, there is a way: there is no will to delay, there is a way todo so.the higher echelons of business: in the case of higher levelsdata explosion fortifies those seeking excuses for inaction: encourages, doing nothingpoint is will taken: accepted, which flourished amid the growing burdens of government and the greater complexity of society, was designed to smother policymaker in blanks of legalism, compromise and reappraisal: Excessive silly rules, which developed very quickly as a result of the expanding administrative structure and the greater complexityof society, were made to restrict policymakers, who have to be engaged in endless paperwork, mediation and reconsideration^languages are studded with phrases that refer to putting things off: filledare all sorts of rationalizations: reasonskind of subliminal way of sorting the important from the trivial: way outside one's conscious awarenessis something of a truism: an undoubted truththat matter: as further concerns the thing mentioned…is the creation of an entree: a small carefully prepared meat dishdesign can mellow and marinate: ripen and matureLord Chesterfield: with all due respect to|领会：1. Some allusions and historical events mentioned in the text(some see notesto the text)— Punic Wars and Quintus Fabius Maximus, Hamlet, Faustian encounters, Jean Kerr, etc.2. Organization and development of the text;3. Main idea of each paragraph.4. Style VS. Tone; Formal VS. Informal; (the use of formal style, formal wordsand phrases exaggeration to convey a gay and delightful tone);简单应用:1. sentence structure and rewriting2. paragraph proofreading}综合应用:Paragraph translation from Chinese to English第三章WALLS AND BARRIERS一．学习目的与要求To grasp:1.The Chief Personalities of Man2.…3.Einstein’s Chief Personalities: Modesty, Simplicity, etc.4.Description Developed by Examples二．课程内容：WALLS AND BARRIERS三．考核知识点：1. Inductive analysis to help make his proposition logically sound.2. Comparison and contrasts3. Changes that have occurred in people’s notion of money, in the function ofthe bank, and accordingly, in its architectural features —change in the form or design of architecture is the result of a change in people’s attitude.4. Organization and development of the text:《& 2: beginning with quoting his fatherPara 3 & 4: a view of money in the past and now, architectural designs of banksPara 4: function of bankPara 6: classical and new criticism of architecturePara 7 & 9: attitude toward possible hositility from without in primitive and modern worldPara 8 &10: attitude toward privacy四．考核要求识记：/Words and phrases of this unit1. to whom a good deal of modern architecture is unnerving: discouraging2. a tangible commodity: material3. that could be hefted: lifted for making out the weight4. to attract the custom of a sensible man: business patronage5. If a building's design made it appear impregnable: firm enough6. the institution was necessarily sound: in good condition7. the meaning of the heavy wall…dwelt in the prevailing attitude toward money, rather than in any aesthetic theory: was based on , on}8. the most valuable elements are dash and a creative flair for the invention of large numbers: vigor and a creative ability9. the door to the vault, far from being secluded and guarded, is set out: not at allolder bank asserted its invulnerability: showed forcefully its freedom from harmis hard to say where architecture ends and human assertion begins: expression of human attitudesare not simply walls but physical symbols of the barriers in men's minds: fears could feel themselves to be in a delimited space: space with fixed limitsundeveloped technology of the period precluded the construction of more delicate walls: made impossiblefear of dissolution being the ultimate fear: death/has become questionable: not certainwere dirty, prying, vile, and dangerous: nosy, evilrooms faced not out, but in, toward a patio: inner roofless yardin the intimate activities of a personal as against a public life: rather than rich intricacies of the decorative arts of the period: complex details 21….are as illustrative of this attitude as the walls themselves: illustrate as muchthe conventions of law and social practice: agreementsthe same goes for our homes: is true formay accomplish this function: perform well、who still have qualms about eating…under conditions of high visibility:unpleasant feelingsthat will at least give them a sense of adequate screening: privacy due to separationtoilette taboo being still unbroken: forbidden practicerepeat, it is our changing conceptions of ourselves in relation to the world that determine: In a word, it is our attitudes toward"open plan" and the unobstructed view are consistent with his faith in the eventual solution of all problems: view free from obstruction squarely express 领会：1. Comparison and contrasts2. Changes that have occurred in people’s notion of money, in the function ofthe bank, and accordingly, in its architectural features —change in the form or design of architecture is the result of a change in people’s attitude.:3. Organization and development of the text.简单应用:1. sentence structure and rewriting2. paragraph proofreading综合应用:Paragraph translation from Chinese to English第四章THE LADY，OR THE TIGERPART I~一．学习目的与要求To grasp:1. General introduction of the story — about how justice is administered bya semi-barbaric king.2. Writing skills and style of the text;3. Literary genre: the short story二．课程内容：THE LADY，OR THE TIGERPART I三．考核知识点：1.（2.Words and phrases of this unit;3.The organization of the text3. Writing skills and style of the text;4. Literary genre: the short story四．考核要求：识记：Words and phrases of this unit1. somewhat polished and sharpened by the progressiveness of distant Latin neighbors: civilized2. whose ideas were still large, florid, and untrammeled, as became the half of him which was barbaric: sweeping, wild, and unrestrained, and so（3. He was a man of exuberant fancy: wild and excessive4. he turned his varied fancies into facts: fancies of different kinds5. He was greatly given to self-communing: in the habit of discussing matters with himself6. his nature was bland and genial: gentle and cheerful7. some of his orbs got out of their orbits: subjects did something wrong8. to make the crooked straight, and crush down uneven places: to execute justice9. his barbarism had become semified: reduced to half of what it used to beminds of his subjects were refined and cultured: improved and cultivated\the exuberant and barbaric fancy asserted itself: showed its powervast amphitheater…was an agent of poetic justice: perfectowed more allegiance to no tradition than pleased his fancy: stuck to no tradition except that whichfiercest and most cruel that could be procured: obtained with effortiron bells were clanged: sadslowly their homeward way: moved over a distance17….should have merited so dire a fate: deserved so terriblemost suitable to his years and station: social rank"interfere with his great scheme of: to stop20. retribution and reward:, deserved punishmentmaidens blowing joyous airs: tuneswedding was promptly and cheerily solemnized: performed in a manner of formal religious ceremonyinnocent man, preceded by children: headedflowers on his path, led his bride to his home: scatteringdecisions …were positively determinate: clearwitness a hilarious wedding: wedding causing wild laughter)element of uncertainty lent an interest to the occasion which it could not otherwise have attained: and this interest could not have been attained in other waysthinking part of the community: those who did not follow the practice blindly in领会：1.Words and phrases of this unit;2.The organization of the text3. Writing skills and style of the text;4. Literary genre: the short story简单应用:）1. sentence structure and rewriting2. paragraph proofreading综合应用:Paragraph translation from Chinese to English第五章THE LADY，OR THE TIGERPART II一．学习目的与要求[To grasp:1.Brief review of the background — Part I in Unit four, the semi-barbaric kingand his way of administering justice.2.Structure of the text3.Psychological description of the princess;4.How does the author create the intensity of situation5.The unconventional ending with a question and its effect.6.Literary genre: the short story二．课程内容：THE LADY，OR THE TIGERPART II)三．考核知识点：1.Words and phrases of this unit;2. Structure of the text3. Psychological description of the princess;4. How does the author create the intensity of situation5. The unconventional ending with a question and its effect.6. Literary genre: the short story四．考核要求：{识记：Words and phrases of this unit1. fervent and imperious as his own: strong and arrogant2. royal maiden was well satisfied with her lover: princess3. ardor that had enough of barbarism in it: eagerness4. waver in regard to his duty in the premises: falter to execute his power in his own territory5. deed with which the accused was charged had been done: romantic affair6. take an aesthetic pleasure in watching the course of events: enjoy watching with excitement7. admittance: right of entrance（8. hum of admiration and anxiety: noise9. Possessed of more power: With10. possessed herself of the secret of the doors: managed to getdamsels of the court: unmarried young women of noble birth12. aspiring to one so far above him: desiring earnestly13. those whose souls are one: who understand each other very well14. lead us through devious mazes of passion: helps us get rid of the control of the confusing feelings and emotions of various kindssoul was at a white heat beneath the combined fires of despair and jealousy: she suffered badly from the torture of despair and jealousy（often had she started in wild horror: been startledthe blessed regions: holy18. futurity: future timedecision had been indicated in an instant: made clear20. anguished deliberation: agonizing self-debating21. presume to set myself up as the one person able to answer it: suppose to regardmyself领会：1. Description of the princess, daughter of the semi-barbaric king;【2. Her love with enough of barbarism for the young courtier of that fineness of blood and lowness of station3. Her combined fires of despair and jealousy;4. Her decision;5. Structure of the text6. The unconventional ending with a question and its effect.7. Literary genre: the short story简单应用:1. sentence structure and rewriting]2. paragraph proofreading综合应用:Paragraph translation from Chinese to English第六章DULL WORK一．学习目的与要求To grasp:1.?2.The organization of the text2. Classical Thetoric二．课程内容：DULL WORK三．考核知识点：1.Words and phrases of this unit;2.The organization of the text;3. Classical Thetoric四．考核要求：@识记：Words and phrases of this unit1. assumption that: belief2. eventful lives: lives full of important events3. The opposite is nearer the truth: The fact that people who achieve much are often content with the routine uneventful lives they live4. an unalterable routine: a dull and regular5. transmute trivial impulses into momentous consequences: be inspired by seemingly unimportant sudden ideas for the success in great achievements6. what he can do with physiological pressures and hunger: his capacity to suffer illness and hunger7. vexation: discomfort、8. seminal: highly original and influencing the development of future events9. equidistant from：equally distant10. insights: understandings11. inordinate humanness shows itself in the ability to make the trivial and common reach an enormous way: excessive human feature is embodied12. exhausts rather than stimulates: exhausts rather than stimulates creative power 领会：1.The organization of the text2.Classical Thetoric、简单应用:1. sentence structure and rewriting2. paragraph proofreading综合应用:Paragraph translation from Chinese to English第七章BEAUTY!一．学习目的与要求To grasp:1.The organization of the text2.Definition二．课程内容：BEAUTY三．考核知识点：1. Words and phrases of this unit;2. The organization of the text;（3. Definition四．考核要求：识记：Words and phrases of this unit1. what we have to call--lamely, enviously--whole persons: helplessly2. it was quite paradoxical: seemingly self-contradictory: charming4. One of Socrates' main pedagogical acts was to be ugly: teaching5. we are more wary of the enchantments of beauty: careful about the different aspects of overall excellence-6. We …split of--with the greatest facility--the "inside" from the "outside": very easily7. the central place of beauty in classical ideas of human excellence: ancient Greek and Roman8. Christianity set beauty adrift: out of control9. an alienated, arbitrary, …enchantment:, strange and capricious10. Associating beauty with women has put beauty even further on the defensive, morally: questionable in value11. Catholic countries…still retain some vestiges: tracesthe pagan admiration for beauty:, ancient Greek and Romanthe detriment of the notion of beauty: which is harmful to#领会：1. The organization of the text;2. Definition简单应用:1. sentence structure and rewriting2. paragraph proofreading综合应用:Paragraph translation from Chinese to English？第八章APPETITE一．学习目的与要求To grasp:1.The organization of the text2.Sentence complexity and rhetorical effect3.Allusion: Oscar Wilde, Irish-born writer. Renowned as a wit in London literarycircles, he achieved recognition with The Picture of Dorian Gray(1891), a novel.He also wrote plays of lively dialogue, such as The Importance of Being Earnest (1895), and poetry, including The Ballad of Reading Gaol (1898).4.。
00015英语二（自考）
00015英语二（自考）00015英语二重点语法（结合考题讲解）综合英语（二）常考的语法为：名词单数变复数，定语从句，虚拟语气，反意疑问句，非谓语动词，时态，名词性从句，形容词副词的比较级，主谓一致，倒装等等。
下面我们把这些语法项目进行详细的有重点的讲解。
名词1. 大多数集体名词可作单数，也可作复数，如：army ，audience ，class ，committee ，crew ( 全体船员，乘务员) ，crowd ，faculty ，family ，government ，group ，orchestra ，team ，union 等。
强调整体时谓语动词用单数，强调个体时谓语动词用复数。
如：The government is paying close attention to economic development.The government are having a heated discussion on this matter.2.有些名词形式为复数，却用作单数，如:electronics( 电子学) ，mathematics( 数学) ，optics( 光学) ，politics ，statistics( 统计学), economics （经济学）, physics 等。
例如:Linguistics is a difficult subject to study.3. 名词作定语时，除了man和woman要和中心词一起变成复数之外，其它修饰词不能变成复数。
例如a woman teacher ---- two women teachersa man doctor ---- two men doctorsa girl student ---- five girl studentsa boy student ----six boy students4. 复合名词的复数只把其中所包含的主体名词变成复数。
2007年10月自考英语二真题与答案
2007年10月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试英语（二）试卷及答案（课程代码：00015）Ⅰ. V ocabulary and Structure (10 points, 1 point for each item)从下列各句四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。
1．It makes good＿to bring an umbrella; it seems to be raining today.A. sense B．reason C. suggestion D. advice2．If you are too＿of your children, they will never learn to deal with difficulties in life.A. respectiveB. detective C．protective D．effective.3．His intelligence will＿him to get a scholarship to college.A. enableB. persuadeC. suggestD. employ4．The professor asked a question, and David＿a good answer.A. put up withB. stood up for C．came up with D．looked down upon5．No sooner had we reached home＿a violent storm broke out.A. whenB. that C．until D．than6．People differ＿one another＿their ability to handle stress.A. from...to B．from...in C. for...in D. in...from7．They should try to＿their usual inhibitions and join in the fun.A. send off B．lay aside C．take to D. turn off8．During the past two decades, research has＿our knowledge of daydreaming.A. expandedB. emergedC. descendedD. conquered9．The students are required to＿the main ideas of the article in their own words.A. symbolizeB. minimize C．synchronize D. summarize10．The outline of rooftops and chimneys＿against the pale sky.A. pulled outB. looked out C．held out D．stood outⅡ．Cloze Test (10 points, 1 point for each item)下列短文中有＋个空白，每个空白有四个选项。
00015英语二试题及解答
00015英语二试题及答案发布日期：2016-01-04 10:09 来源：未知阅读：6927 【字体：大中小】本套单元测试共 10 题，共 100 分。
答题得分：100 分【题型：单选】【分数：10分】[1] I should like to rent a house,modern,comfortable and ___ in a qiuet environment.得分：10分答： DA before allB first of allC after allD above all【题型：单选】【分数：10分】[2] His few personal belongings make it possible for him to move from place to place ___.得分：10分答： CA in easeB at easeC with easeD with easiness【题型：单选】【分数：10分】[3] Could you lend me some money? I'm very ______of cash at the moment.得分：10分答： BA needB shortC scarceD empty【题型：单选】【分数：10分】[4] It ______ exactly thirty years since I graduated from college.得分：10分答： BA wasB has beenC will beD had been【题型：单选】【分数：10分】[5] He was completely ______ by her tale of hardship.得分：10分答： BA taken awayB taken inC taking awayD taken up【题型：单选】【分数：10分】[6] The team doctor insisted that the route _____ because of the possible danger. 得分：10分答： CA could be changedB would be changedC be changedD might be changed【题型：单选】【分数：10分】[7] Problems can _____ when people have no knowledge of the law.得分：10分答： CA riseB jumpC ariseD lift【题型：单选】【分数：10分】[8] The _____ lady is believed to be the thief wanted by the police.得分：10分答： AA beautifully dressedB dressed beautifullyC beautiful dressingD beautiful dress【题型：单选】【分数：10分】[9] The manager did not offer him the job because of his untidy _____.得10分分：答： DA sightB presenceC viewD appearance【题型：单选】【分数：10分】[10] When asked to give his opinion on the failure of file experiment, he pretended ______ it. 得分：10分答： CA haven't heardB haven't heard ofC not to have heard ofD not having heard of本套单元测试共 10 题，共 100 分。
2009年考研英语二真题全文翻译答案超详解析（原MBA）
2009年考研英语二真题全文翻译答案超详解析（原MBA）2009 年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（二）试题答案与解析Section I Use of English一、文章题材结构分析本文是一篇说明文，摘自2008 年6 月26 日The New York Times。
文章主要介绍了世界石油价格的变化的原因以及给世界带来的改变。
第一段主要介绍了近年来石油价格的上涨以及其背后的原因。
第二、三段主要介绍了石油价格的改变对国家相互之间的关系带来的影响。
第四、五段分别具体的介绍了世界石油价格的变化给德国与美国来带的影响。
二、试题分析1.【答案】C【解析】本题主要考查词义辨析和熟词生义，A 项come，B 项gone，D 项arrived 都表示“到，到达”的含义。
C项cross 意为“穿过”，这里是引申含义“突破”。
这句话指“价格已经突破100 美元每桶”，与上文的“16 美元一桶”做比较。
2.【答案】D【解析】本题考查动词与介词词组的搭配。
解题重点在于空后面的一个介词词组from …to…表示一个范围。
A 项covered 意为“覆盖”一般指地理范围；B 项discovered 发现；C 项arranged 安排；C 项D 项的动词都与介词词组搭配不合理。
D 项ranged 意为涉及的“范围延伸”。
与后面的from…to…搭配合理。
本句句意是：价格上涨的原因涉及从……到……，固定搭配range from A to B。
因此，选项D正确。
3.【答案】D【解析】本题的解答要根据上下文来推理，四个选项中A 项intensity 强度；B 项infinity；无穷大；C 项insecurity不安全；D 项instability 不安定，不稳定性。
后面说到了“伊拉克与尼日利亚的三角洲地区”，我们知道这两个地区的局势长期不稳定。
所以D 答案与此相符。
4.【答案】B【解析】本题考核的重点是与名词的搭配的相关动词，后面的宾语是一个名词结构，the economic and political做map 的定语，而of the world 做了map 的后置定语，所以中心词是map。
自考《英语二》2012版 课程代码00015 课文英汉对照
Unit 1 The Power of LanguageText APre-reading Questions1.Do you usually challenge the idea an author represents? What do you think is active reading?2.What suggestions do you expect the author will give on reading critically?Critical ReadingCritical reading applies to non-fiction writing in which the author puts forth a position or seeks to make a statement. Critical reading is active reading. It involves more than just understanding what an author is saying. Critical reading involves questioning and evaluating what the author is saying ,and forming your own opinions about what the author is saying. Here are the things you should do to be a critical reader.批判性阅读批判性阅读适合于那种作者提出一个观点或试图陈述一个说法的纪实类写作。
批判性阅读是积极阅读。
它不仅仅包括理解作者说了些什么，还包括质疑和评价作者的话，并对此形成自己的观点。
成为一名批判性阅读者需要做到以下几点。
Consider the context of what is written. You may be reading something that was written by an author from a different cultural context than yours. Or, you may be reading something written some time ago in a different time context than yours. In either case, you must recognize and take into account any differences between your values and attitudes and those represented by the author.考虑写作背景。
自考英语二(00015)课本历年真题
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2013年10月考期●完形补文（P111）
The Power of Language
Language is something that defines (define) us as humans. When language is us4e1d (use) well, it can bring out very deep feelings in others, and encourage others to take ac4ti2on (act). Sometimes in poetry a certain phrase can bring te4a3rs (tear) to the eyes and move us deeply. When we use language to express our true feelings to someone, it can open and dee4p4en (deep) the connection between us. Language is a very pow4e5rful (power) tool. How we use language shapes our world. How we use self-talk dir4e6ctly (direct) shapes our experience of both ourselves and the world. How we deliver c_omm4u7nica_ti_on(communicate) shapes the way the world re4sp8onds (respond) to us. We can use language more effe4ct9ively (effective). And this clearly influences the health and power of our per5so0nal (person) relationships and business relationships.
自考英语二(00015)第1课 英语二概述+构词法
该部分共10小题。每小题1分，共计10分。
第二部分 阅读选择
该部分要求考生：理解文章主旨和要义，把握文章的基本结构，理解文中说明 要点的事实和细节，作出简单推理和判断，根据上下文推断生词的释义，领会 作者的意图、观点和态度。
将知识归类对比，我们记得才会深刻。
那到底要怎样分类对比呢？ 1、同义词 3、同音词 5、同源词
2、反义词 4、同类词 6、同形词
同义词 choose / select seize / catch / grab / grasp show / display/ exhibit contain/include be able to / be capable of
部分 一 二
三
四 五 六
名称 阅读判断 阅读选择 概括段落大意和补
全句子 填句补文 填词补文 完型补文
题号 1-10 11-15
16-25
26-30 31-40 41-50
七
短文写作
51
题量 10 5
10
5 10 10 1
分值 10 10
10
10 15 15 30
第一部分 阅读判断
该部分要求考生能够理解文中明确表达的概念或细节，推断隐含表达的内容， 理解全文主旨和作者所持观点态度；能够根据上下文推测生词意义，理解句间 关系和语篇结构。该部分短文选自英语国家大众读物及旅游手册、操作说明等 真实语料，根据语言难度作适当调整，对无法猜测而又影响理解的关键词，用 汉语注明词义。所选短文题材覆盖广泛，涉及叙述、说明、议论等不同体裁。