辽宁省沈阳市十九高级中学2018年高三英语下学期期末试题含解析

辽宁省沈阳市十九高级中学2018年高三英语下学期期
末试题含解析
一、选择题
1. —I have been told that your father is coming back from Europe．
—Yes．He back tomorrow．
A．expects B．is expected C．will expect D．will be expected
参考答案：
B
2. —hurry up! Don’t have the car ______at the gate!
—I’ll be ready after I have my son ________.
A. wait; dressing
B. waited; dressed
C. waiting；dress
D. waiting; dressed
参考答案：
D
本题考查动词have的用法。

题目意思是“快点，别让车子一直在门口等着！”“我给儿子穿好衣服就好了”
3. Some experts fear that too-early ________ to computers will have harmful consequences for children’s development.
A. exposure
B. extension
C. exhibition
D. expansion
参考答案：
A
【详解】考查名词辨析。

句意：一些专家担心过早接触电脑会对儿童的发展产生有害影响。

A. exposure暴露；接触；B. extension扩大；扩展；延伸；C. exhibition陈列，展览；D. expansion扩张；扩充。

根据句意故选A。

4. _____ her mother after being separated for 20 years, she couldn’t help, even though she tried not to, ______.
A. Seen, crying
B. To see, cry
C. Seeing , crying
D. Having seen, crying
参考答案：
C
略
5. I thought the teacher would say something about our exam result but he it.
A. doesn't mention
B. hasn't mentioned
C. wouldn't mention
D. didn't mention
参考答案：
D
6. — What do you do as a volunteer in Africa?
— ______ ! There are many poor people there, who need a lot of help.
A. Little
B. Everything
C. None
D. Something
参考答案：
B
7. Is there a cinema around ________ I can see a film.
A. that
B. which
C. where
D. what
参考答案：
C
8. The career, she devoted herself so much, finally took off as she liked.
A．which B .from which C．of which D．to which
参考答案：
D
9. Contrary to popular belief, the ants, hardworking ________ they are, have their time for play.
A. because
B. while
C. as
D. where
参考答案：
C
【详解】考查连词。

句意：与人们普遍认为的相反，尽管蚂蚁很勤劳，但它们也有玩耍的时间。

文中含有一个让步状语从句，并且使用了倒装，as 引导让步状语从句，句子要倒装，while不能用倒装，故选C。

10. Nowadays, more and more young ladies, figures most are fine enough, are going on a diet.
A. who
B. whose
C. of whose
D. of whom
参考答案：
C
考查定语从句。

句中先行词ladies在非限定性定语从句中作figures的定语，故用whose。

再根据most表示“大部分”，后接介词of表示范围，相当于most of young ladies’ figures。

如今，越来越多的年轻女士都在节食，其中大多数身材都不错。

故选C。

29. Is this the very material that scientists ______ the 2012 London Olympic Games torch?
A. used to light
B. are used to lighting
C. use to light
D. are used to light
参考答案：
29.
选A。

考查固定搭配。

需要分析句子结构，还原成陈述句为：This is the very material that scientists used to light …意义为“这就是科学家们用来点燃2012年伦敦奥运会的材料。

”
【解析】略
12. — Why do you choose to work in an international travel agency?
— Well, you know, English is my _____. So it is my best choice.
A. strength
B. talent
C.
ability D: skill
参考答案：
A
略
13. It takes more than knowledge and intelligence to ______ a good researcher．
A．make B．turn C．get D．grow
参考答案：
A
略
14. His words suggested that he________ a policeman.
A．were B．was C．should D．be
参考答案：
B
略
15. If they continue abusing drugs, in the end drug users will find themselves trapped in a prison ________ they cannot escape.
A. to which
B. from which
C. by which
D. in which
参考答案：
B
16. The place _______ the bridge is supposed to be built should be _______ the cross river traffic is the heaviest.
A. which; where
B. at which; which
C. at which; where
D. which; in which
参考答案：
C
略
17. The number of Sheep on a remote Scottish island is decreasing as a result of global warming, according to a study ______ in the journal Science．
A．performed B．predicted C．previewed D．published
参考答案：
D
略
18. Today scientists describe the universe ______ two basic partial theories—the general theory of relativity and quantum mechanics(量子理论).
A. in terms of
B. in memory of
C. in favor of
D. in honor of
参考答案：
A
【详解】考查词组。

A. in terms of就---而言；B. in memory of为了纪念---；C. in favor of支持； D. in honor of向---表示敬意。

句意：今天，科学家们用两个基本的部分理论来描述宇宙——广义相对论和量子力学。

结合句意可知答案为A。

二、书面表达
19. 你校学生会准备办一期英语墙报，主题为：保护环境从我做起。

请你根据下图所示写一篇英语短文。

注意：
1. 词数100左右，开头语已为你写好；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 上图中参考词汇：双面用纸：use both sides of paper
纸杯：paper cups
一次性筷子：disposable chopsticks
What can I do for our environment?
Everyone can do something for our
environment.
参考答案：
One possible version:
What can I do for our environment?
Everyone can do something for our environment. For me, I should try to save electricity in my daily life. For example, if I am the last person to leave the classroom in the evening, I will always remember to turn
off the lights. In order to protect our forests, I will use paper wisely.
I should try to use both sides of paper whenever it is possible. I will not use things like paper cups and disposable chopsticks because they
are made of wood. I believe that doing all these small things will improve our environment and help make our world a better place to live in.
三、阅读理解
20. 请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

LONDON (Reuters)—New faces given to a Chinese man after a bear tore off part of his face and a French-Caribbean man disfigured by a rare tumor show that such transplants can work and are not medical oddities (怪异)，researchers said．
The findings give hope to some people with severe facial disfigurement and suggest the transplants could prove long-lasting without major problems．Despite the tissue rejection in the first year after their transplants，neither men had psychological problems accepting their new faces and have been able to rejoin society，they reported．
Only three people have received face transplants．The world’s first was carried out on French woman Isabelle Dinoire in November 2005 after she was disfigured in an attack by her dog．In 2007，her doctors reported that she had recovered slowly and steadily，overcoming two periods of rejection．
In 2006，Chinese doctors performed a face transplant on a 30-year-old hit by a bear．While there were some complications with tissue rejection following the operation，two years later the man was doing well，his doctors said．“This case suggests that facial transplantation might be an option for restoring a severely disfigured face，and could enable patients to bring themselves back into society，” Shuzhong Guo and colleagues at Xijing Hospital in China wrote．
A French team described their work on a 29-year-old man who suffered from Von Recklinghausen disease，an illness that changes the shape of his face．“The man，who was not named，was given a new nose，mouth and chin in a 2007 operation．He began to work 13 months after the transplant has more function in his face and has not rejected the new tissue，” his doctors said．
“Our case confirms that face transplantation is practical and effective for the correction of specific disfigurement，” Dr．Laurent Lantieri and colleagues at the Henri-Mondor hospital outside Paris wrote．
56．What’s the main idea of this passage?
A．Face transplants help regain confidence． B．Face transplants can work．
C．Three people have received face transplants． D．Disfigured people need face transplants．
57．The underlined word “restoring” in Paragraph 4 means “________”．
A．removing B．recovering C．repairing D．rejecti ng
58．What problem resulted from the facial operations?
A．The patients usually suffered from tissue rejection．
B．It was hard for the patients to get along with others．
C．It took some time for the patients to recover from the operation．
D．The patients wouldn’t accept the facial change．
参考答案：
BCA
21. It’s surprising how much simple movements of the body can affect the way we think. Using expansive gestures with open arms makes us feel more powerful, crossing your arms makes you more determined and lying down can bring more insights(领悟).
So if moving the body can have these effects, what about the clothes we wear? We’re all well aware of how dressing up in different ways can make us feel more attractive, sporty or professional, depending on the clothes we wear, but can the clothes actually change cognitive (认知的)performance or is it just a feeling?
Adam and Galinsky tested the effect of simply wearing a white lab coat on people’s powers of attention. The idea is that white coats are associated with scientists, who are in turn though to have close attention to detail.
What they found was that people wearing white coats performed better than those who weren’t. Indeed, they made only half as man y errors as those wearing their own clothes on the Stroop Test( one way of measuring attention). The researchers call the effect “enclothed cognition,” suggesting that all manner of different clothes probably affect our cognition in many different ways.
This opens the way for all sorts of clothes-based experiments. Is the writer who wears a fedora more creative? Is the psychologist wearing little round glasses and smoking a cigar more insightful? Does a chef’s hat make the resultant food taste better?
From now on I will only be editing articles for PsyBlog while wearing a white coat to help keep the typing error count low. Hopefully you will be doing your part by reading PsyBlog in a cap and gown.(学位服).
5. What is the main idea of the text?
A. Body movements change the way people think
B. How people dress has an influence on their feelings
C. What people wear can affect their cognitive performance
D. People doing different jobs should wear different clothes
6. Adam and Galinsky’s experiment tested the effect of clothes on their wearers’___________.
A. insights
B. movements
C. attention
D. appearance
7. How does the author sound in the last paragraph?
A. Academic
B. Humorous
C. Formal
D. Hopeful
参考答案：
5. C
6. C
7. B
本文讲述了Adam和Galinsky所做的一个关于穿着白大褂人们注意力的实验。

实验显示穿白大褂的人表现更为出色，他们的错误率是穿普通衣服的人的一半。

得出结论：着装影响人的认知表现。

5. 主旨大意题。

根据第二段but can the clothes actually change cognitive performance or is it just a feeling及下文所做的实验可知，本文主要讲述着装对人认知表现的影响。

故选C。

7. 推理判断题。

作者全文在讲述着装影响人的认知表现这一理论，最后一段作者说自己以后要穿白大褂上班编辑文章，以减少打字错误。

他希望读者也能带上学士帽、穿上学位服阅读PsyBlog的文章。

由此可推断出作者是用一种幽默的语气调侃着装认知理论。

A. Academic 学士的； B. Humorous 幽默的；C. Formal 正式的； D. Hopeful 有希望的。

故选B。

【名师点睛】主旨大意主要的解题策略有：
（1）标题类。

文章标题可以是单词，短语，也可以是句子，它的特点是：短小精悍，多为一短语；涵盖性强，一般要求能覆盖全文，其确定的范围要恰当，既不能太大，也不能太小；精确性强，不能随意改变语言表意的程度及色彩。

（2）主旨类。

概括主旨的方法是：先看首尾或各段开头再看全文找主题句，若无明显主题句，就通过关键词句来概括(如议论文中寻找表达作者观点态度的词句，记叙文寻找概括情节和中心的动词或反映人物特点的形容词)。

文中出现两种或两种以上的不同观点时，务必牢记作者的观点才是体现全文中心的。

此时，要注意一些转折词，如but, yet, however, although, in spite of, by contrast, on the contrary等。

当文章中表示相反的观点时，往往用到这些词。

答题时要弄清哪个是作者的观点，排除迷惑性信息，准确归纳主旨大意。

1．C【解题剖析】此题属于主旨大意中的（2）一一主旨类。

答案需要看第二段找主题句。

【答案定位】根据第二段中的but can the clothes actually change cognitive performance or is it just a feeling. 及下文所做的实验可知，本文主要讲述着装对人认知表现的影响。

【推理关系】题干What is the main idea of the text?.?文章内容（中心句）can the clothes actually change cognitive performance or is it just a feeling.
【答案】can the clothes actually change cognitive performance or is it just a feeling.?C选项What people wear can affect their cognitive performance。