高中英语 单词 巧记 典句 考点(Unit 1 Lifestyles)学案 北师大版

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三点剖析
单词·巧记·典句·考点
【巧记提示】peace (n.和平）+-ful （形容词后缀）
【经典例句】It’s peaceful at home when the children are at school.
孩子们在学校上学时,家里就安静了。

【考点聚焦】反义词:unpeaceful adj. 不平静的,不和平的
派生词:peacefully adv. 和平地,平静地
【巧记提示】relax (v.放松)+ing (形容词后缀)
【经典例句】All the students going for holidays,it is really a relaxing evening
for the headteacher.
所有的学生都度假去了,对于班主任来说这真是一个使人感到轻松的夜晚。

【考点聚焦】同根词:relaxed意为“感到轻松的”。

有些现在分词和过去分词可用作形容词,现在分词意为“令人……的”,其逻辑主语是物;过去分词意为“感到……的”,其逻辑主语是人。

我的记忆卡
用法相同的相关词：
interesting 令人感兴趣的 interested感兴趣的
disappointing令人失望的 disappointed感到失望的
surprising令人吃惊的 surprised感到吃惊的
boring令人厌烦的 bored感到厌烦的
exciting令人兴奋的 excited感到兴奋的
moving动人的 moved受感动的
【活学活用】1.选择题
I’m to hear the news.
A.disappointing;surprising
B.disappointed;surprising
C.disappointing;surprised
D.disappointed;surprised
答案：B
【巧记提示】sup（=sub-,在……下面）+ pose （放着）
【经典例句】As she’s not here,I suppose she must have gone home.
她不在这儿,我猜想她已经回家了。

【考点聚焦】1）请注意 suppose的相关重要搭配及用法:
① suppose + that 认为,猜想如:
I suppose (that) you are right.我认为你说得对。

② be supposed to (do) 被期望或要求;应该如:
I thought we were supposed to be paid today.
我以为我们今天会领到薪水呢。

③ be n ot supposed to (do) 不准,不应当如:
We are not supposed to play football on Sundays.
不准我们在星期日踢足球。

④ supposing that 假定如:
Supposing (that) you are wrong, what will you do then?
假设你错了,那你会怎么办？
2）suppose还可作连词,和given, provided 通用,表示“假使……结果会怎样？”如:
Suppose your father saw you now, what would you say？
假设你父亲现在看到了你,你该怎么说？
【活学活用】2.选择题
1) If you go to Xi’an,you’ll find the palaces more magnificent than commonly .
A.supposin
B.supposed
C.to suppose
D.suppose
2) The train was to arrive at 11:30,but it was an hour late.
A.about
B.likely
C.certain
D.supposed
答案：1)B 2)D
【巧记提示】com（together）+ plain(to beat one’s breast)
【经典例句】Joan is always complaining about something.
琼总是满腹牢骚。

【考点聚焦】1）同根词:complainer n. 抱怨者
Complaint n. 抱怨,控告
2）短语:complain (to sb.) about/of sth.如:
They complained to the boss about the food.
他们向老板抱怨这糟糕的食物。

【巧记提示】urge(vt. 催促)+nt
【经典例句】I must post this letter;it’s urgent.
我必须发了这封信,信很紧急。

【考点聚焦】请注意urgent的相关重要搭配及用法:
be urgent for sb.(to do) 急切地催促某人(做)
be urgent with sb.for (to do) 坚持要求某人(做)
【巧记提示】person（人）+ -al（形容词后缀）
【经典例句】His personal life is a mystery to his colleagues.
他的私生活对于他的同事而言是个秘密。

我的记忆卡
请注意personal的常见搭配:
personal history 履历
a personal letter 私人信件
personal opinion 个人观点
a personal friend 私人朋友
【活学活用】3.选择题
You should not only care for affairs but also the of state.
A.personal;affairs
B.person;affairs
C.personal;affair
D.person;affair
答案：A
【巧记提示】stress(紧张)→dress(着装)
【经典例句】The boy stole under the stress of hunger.
这男孩因为饥饿而去偷盗。

【考点聚焦】1）stress vt.着重；强调如:
I must stress that we haven’t much time.
我必须强调我们没有多少时间了。

2）派生词:stressful adj. 压力重的；紧张的stressed adj.焦虑不安的
3）stress字母组合tr在s之后要浊化。

【巧记提示】expert(专家)→export(出口)
【经典例句】He is an expert at mountain climbing.
他是爬山专家。

【考点聚焦】1）expert adj. 专家的；内行的 be expert at/in doing sth.做某事很在行2）同义词:professional内行的,专业的
【活学活用】4.汉译英
他很擅长教小孩子。

答案:He is expert at/in teaching small children.
【巧记提示】suffer(受苦) →supper(晚餐)
【经典例句】She was suffering from a headache.
她正经受头痛之苦。

【考点聚焦】1）同根词:sufferer n.受苦（难）者;受害者;患者,病人
2）短语:suffer from 患……病;受……苦如:
She often suffers from headaches.
她常常头疼。

【活学活用】5.用 suffer,suffer from 的适当形式填空
1)Many people a great dread of heights.许多人非常畏高。

2)The enemy forces heavy casualties by their own admission.
敌自己承认伤亡惨重。

答案:1)suffer from 2)suffered
【巧记提示】re(再)+duce（引导,带来）
【经典例句】They’ve reduced the prices in the shop,so it’s a good time to buy.
商店已经降低了商品的价格,看来现在是买东西的好时候。

【考点聚焦】1）同义词:decrease 减小 diminish 减小,减少
2）固定搭配:
（与to连用）减少至如:
The plague reduced the population to half its previous level.
瘟疫使得人口降低到先前的一半。

（与by 连用）减少了如：
The plague reduced the population by 10 thousand.
瘟疫使人口数量降低了1万。

【活学活用】 6.选择题
—The cars give off a great deal of waste gas in the streets.
—Yes.But I’m sure something will be done to air pollution.
A.reduce
B.remove
C.collect
D.warn
答案:A
【巧记提示】organ（器官,机构）+ise（动词词尾）
【经典例句】They organized a climbing expedition to Mt.Everest.
他们组织了珠穆朗玛峰登山队。

【考点聚焦】派生词:organization n. 组织 organizer n.组织者organized adj.有组织的如: This company is well organized.
这家公司管理很好。

【活学活用】 7.单词拼写
The National Games were well (组织).
答案:organis/zed
【巧记提示】stand(忍受)→stand( v.站),站着忍受。

【经典例句】I can’t stand that fellow.
我不能容忍那个家伙。

【考点聚焦】can’t stand sth./doing sth.不能忍受/接受如:
I cannot stand waiting any longer.
再等下去我也受不了。

【巧记提示】pre（前缀:先) + fer（拿）
【经典例句】—Which would you prefer,tea or coffee?
咖啡和茶你更喜欢哪一个？
—I prefer tea to coffee.（I like tea better than coffee.）
我喜欢茶。

【考点聚焦】 1）请注意 prefer 的搭配及用法:
①prefer (doing) sth.to (doing) sth.和……相比,更喜欢……如:
I prefer coffee to milk.
和牛奶相比,我更喜欢咖啡。

I prefer listening to music to watching TV.
和看电视相比,我更喜欢听音乐。

②prefer to do sth.rather than do sth.
和做……相比,更喜欢做……如:
I prefer to listen to music rather than watch TV.
和看电视相比,我更喜欢听音乐。

③prefer that从句如:
We prefer that the plan shall be fully discussed.
我们想让这份计划被充分地讨论。

2）prefer sth.to sth.中to sth.经常省略。

to 是介词。

prefer to do sth.rather than do sth.中to 是动词不定式符号。

3）prefer to do...rather than do...；would rather do...than do...；would do...rather
than do...这三组短语用法一致,意思大体相同。

【活学活用】8.选择题
Rather than on a crowded bus,he always prefers a bicycle.
A.ride;ride
B.riding;ride
C.ride;to ride
D.to ride;riding
答案:C
【巧记提示】gradu + ate(吃)
【经典例句】She graduated from an American college.
她从一所美国的学院毕业。

【考点聚焦】1) graduate n.a graduate of a college 大学毕业生
a graduate student 研究生
2) 派生词:graduation
【巧记提示】ch+all(都)+enge
【经典例句】This examination is a real challenge.
这次考试是一次真正的挑战。

【考点聚焦】challenge也可以作动词意思是“向……挑战；邀请比赛”。

如:
He challenged me to play another tennis game.
他向我挑战要我跟他再打一场网球。

【活学活用】9.选择题
The difficulty of the problem me to find the solution.
A.changed
B.made
C.challenged
D.let
答案:C
【巧记提示】sup(向下）+ port(港口)
【经典例句】Which football team do you support?
你支持哪个足球队？
【考点聚焦】请注意support 在不同的语言环境中的确切含义:
支撑；托住如：Walls support the roof.
资助；鼓励；帮助如：She supports her husband on the money she earns from teaching.
赡养如：He’s a large family to support.
搀扶如：The boy hastened to support his mother.
【活学活用】10.选择题
They now have a good government, by all the people.
A.having supported
B.supporting
C.supported
D.to be supported
答案:C
【巧记提示】de（向下）+sign（符号）【经典例句】vt.She designs all her dresses.
她设计所有自己的衣服。

n.This machine is of bad design.
这部机器设计很差。

【巧记提示】account(vi.说明,总计有)+ant(名词后缀)
【经典例句】Jill is an accountant in a company.
吉尔是一家公司的会计。

【考点聚焦】固定搭配:take no account of 忽视如:
He took no account of what I said and failed at last.
他把我所说的当作耳边风,最终他失败了。

【巧记提示】crowd（v.拥挤）+ed (形容词词尾)
【经典例句】Wangfujing Street is a crowded street.
王府井大街人比较多。

【考点聚焦】1）相关词crowd 拥挤（n. &v.）。

如:the crowd 民众
2）固定搭配be crowded with....被……挤满
【活学活用】 11.改错
1）The theater crowded with audience.
这个戏院挤满了观众。

2）He was crowded the cards into a filing box.
他将卡片塞入文件箱。

答案: 1)crowded 前加was 2)去掉 was
【巧记提示】class(n.级别)+ical(形容词后缀)
【经典例句】Both Bach and Beethoven wrote classical music.
巴赫与贝多芬谱都写古典音乐。

【活学活用】12.单词拼写
These young people are fond of different kinds of music,such as pop music,rock music
and c music.
答案:classical
【巧记提示】form(n.形式)+ -al(形容词词尾)
【经典例句】Business letters are usually formal,but we write in an informal way to family members or friends.
业务/商业信件通常都是讲究格式的,但我们给家人或朋友写信就比较随便了。

【巧记提示】反义词:informal adj.不正式的,不拘礼节的。