2021届济宁梁山第一中学高三英语下学期期末考试试卷及答案解析

2021届济宁梁山第一中学高三英语下学期期末考试试卷及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
I once taught in a small private school. Each morning at nine o’clock all the students, ranging in age from three to seven years old, gathered in the Great Room for a warm-up in preparation for the day.
One morning the headmistress made an announcement to all the children gathered,“Today we begin a great experiment of the mind.” She held up two ivy(常春藤) plants, each potted in an identical container. She continued, “Do they look the same?”
All the children nodded. So did I, for, in this way, I was alsoa child.
“We will give the plants the same amount of light, the same amount of water, but not the same amount of attention,” She said. “Together we are going to see what will happen when we put one plant in the kitchen away from our attention and the other plant right here in this room. Each day for the next month, we shall sing to our plant in the Great Room and tell it how much we love it, and how beautiful it is. We will use our good minds to think good thoughts about it.”
Four weeks later my eyes were as wide and disbelieving as the children’s. The kitchen plant was leggy and sick-looking, and it hadn’t grown at all. But the Great Room plant, which had been sung to and surrounded by positive thoughts and words, had increased threefold in size with dark leaves that were filled with energy.
In order to prove the experiment, the kitchen ivy was brought to the Great Room to join the other ivy. Within three weeks, the second plant had caught up with the first ivy. Within four weeks, they could not be distinguished, one from the other.
I took this lesson to heart and made it my own.
1. Why did the headmistress do the experiment?
A. She wanted to teach me a lesson.
B. She expected the students to learn to grow plants.
C. She meant to prove the impact of good minds on growth.
D. She intended to show students how to save a sick-looking plant.
2. What happened to the ivy in the kitchen at last?
A. It stopped growing and died.
B. It was leggy and sick with dark leaves.
C. It looked almost the same as the other one.
D. It grew better than the one in the Great Room.
3. What can be a suitable title for the passage?
A. Life Means Growth
B. Things Grow with Love
C. Equality Makes a Difference
D. Positive Thoughts Really Count
B
Experts are warning about the risks of extremely picky(挑剔的)eating after a teenager living on a diet of chips and crisps developed lasting sight loss. Eye doctors inBristolcared for the 17-year-old after his sight had gone to the point of blindness. Tests showed he had serious vitamin deficiency(缺乏). Dr. Denize Atan, who treated him at the hospital, said, “His diet was basically a portion of chips from the local fish and chip shop every day. He also used to snack on crisps and sometimes white bread and ham, and not really any fruit and vegetables.”
The teenager saw his doctor at the age of 14 because he had been feeling tired and unwell. At that time he suffered from vitamin B12 deficiency, but he did not stick with the treatment or improve his poor diet. Three years later, he was taken to theBristolEyeHospitalbecause of progressive sight loss.
He was not overweight or underweight, but he had lost minerals from his bones, which was really quite shocking for a boy of his age. In terms of his sight loss, he met the standards of being blind. “He had blind spots right in the middle of his sight,” said Dr Denize Atan, “That means he can’t drive and would find it reallyarduousto read, watch TV or recognize faces.”
Dr Denize Atan said that parents should learn about the harm that can be caused by picky eating, and turn to experts for help. For those who are concerned , she advised, “It’s best not to be anxious about picky eating , and instead calmly introduce one or two new foods with every meal.” She said multivitamin tablets can supplement(补充) a diet, but cannot take the place of eating healthily. “It’s much better to take in vitamins through a varied and balanced diet,” she said, adding that too manycertain vitamins , including vitamin A, can be harmful ,“so you don’t want to overdo it.”
4. What does Dr Denize Atan imply in paragraph 1?
A. The diet of the boy is not balanced.
B. Fruit and vegetables are rich in vitamins.
C. Picky eating is common among teenagers.
D. The cause of the boy’s disease is unknown.
5. Why did the boy go to see his doctor at the age of 14?
A. To improve his poor diet.
B. To get some help to lose weight.
C. To be treated for his discomfort.
D. To slow down his progressive sight loss.
6. What does the underlined word “arduous” in paragraph 3 probably mean?
A. Important.
B. Easy.
C. Necessary.
D. Difficult.
7. What does the last paragraph mainly talk about?
A. Reasons why the boy is seriously ill.
B.Suggestions for the boy’s family to care for him.
C. Advice for parents worried about picky eating.
D. Waysof taking in enough vitamins and minerals.
C
If you’re looking for a reason to care about tree loss, this summer’s record-breaking heat waves might be it. Trees can lower summer daytime temperatures by as much as 10 degrees Fahrenheit, according to arecent study. But tree cover in US cities is shrinking (缩减). A study published last year by the US Forest Service found that we lost 36 million trees annually from urban and rural communities over a five-year period. “If we continue on this path, cities will become warmer, more polluted and generally unhealthier for inhabitants,” said David Nowak, a senior US Forest Service scientist and co-author of the study. Nowak says there are many reasons why our tree cover is declining, including hurricanes, tornadoes, fires, insects and disease. But the one reason for tree loss that humans can control is sensible development.
Nowak says there is a downside to trees too, such as pollen allergy (花粉过敏) or large tailing branches in storms, and people don’t like sweeping leaves. But, he says, there are ways cities and counties can manage trees to help communities thrive (繁荣). Urban forests especially need our help to replace fallen trees. Unlike rural areas, it is very difficult for trees to repopulate themselves in a city environment with so much pavement and asphalt (沥青). “A lot of our native trees can’t actually find a place to drop a seed so they can regenerate,” explains Greg Levine, co-executivedirector of Trees Atlanta. “That’s why the community has to go in and actually plant a tree because the areas just aren’t natural anymore.”
Nowak says the first step is caring for the trees on your own property (财产). “We think we pay for our house, and sowe must maintain it. But because we don’t pay for nature, we don’t need to. And that’s not necessarily true.”
8. Why does the author mention “trees can lower summer daytime temperatures”?
A. To tell the temperatures in summer are high.
B. To explain the reason of tree loss.
C. To tell trees are helpful.
D. To introduce the topic.
9. How can humans control tree loss according to Nowak?
A. Develop cities in reasonable ways.
B. Prevent fires form damaging trees.
C. Improve climate to let trees grow.
D. Decrease insects in cities.
10. Why do forests in cities need our help?
A. Because trees don’t grow in a city environment.
B. Because native trees don’t drop seeds any more.
C. Because trees in urban areas can’t regenerate naturally.
D. Because humans want to plant more trees.
11. What is the purpose of this passage?
A. Describe the importance of trees in cities.
B. Appeal people to protect trees in their surroundings.
C. Ask people to plant trees with the author.
D. Show the number of trees in theUSis declining.
D
In many countries of the world, people can confidently tell youthe meaning of their town or city, but most people who live inManchester,OxfordorBirminghamwould not be able to explain what the name of their city means. The name of every British town and city, however, has a long history.
Two thousand years ago, most people living inBritainwere Celts. Even the word “Britain" is Celtic (凯尔特语).Then the Romans arrived and built camps which became cities called “castra". This is why there are so many place names inEnglandwhich end in "-chester" or “-caster"Manchester, for example.
The Romans never reachedWalesorScotland, and many placenames there are Celtic. For example,Welsh place names that begin with “Llan" come from the Celtic word for "church".
After the Romans leftBritain, it was attacked by the Anglo-Saxons who were from the area of Europe that is nowGermanyandHolland. The names of their villages often ended in “-ham" or “-ton". Some got their names from the leader of the village.SoBirminghamfor example, means "Beormund's village”
The Anglo-Saxons were farmers and the landscape was very important to them, so we have villages called Upton (village on a hill)——a good place to build a village and Moreton (“village by a lake”)where floods could make life hard. Place names that end in “-ford" (a place where you could cross a river) also describe the location of Anglo-Saxon villages.
Finally, in 1066EnglandbecameNorman—theNormansgave us the place name "grange", which means farm.
And how aboutLondon? Experts cannot agree. The Romans called the city Londinium, but they were not the first inhabitants (居民). People once believed that theUnited Kingdom’s capital city got its name from the castle of a King called Lud but this is very unlikely. Our best guess today is that the name comes from a Celtic word meaning a fast-flowing river. Like a number of British place names, its history is lost in time.
12. The origin of British place names is unfamiliar to many local people because of
A. the death of local languages
B. the long lost history of the names
C. their lack of interest in it
D. the frequent changes to the names
13. According to the article,Stratfordis most likely a town .
A. on a hill
B. near a castle
C. beside a river
D. with a church
14. Which of the following shows the correct order of the arrival of inhabitants inBritain?
A. The Celts—The Romans—TheNormans—The Anglo Saxons
B. The Celts—The Romans—The Anglo Saxons—TheNormans
C. The Romans—The Celts—The Anglo Saxons—TheNormans
D. The Romans―The Anglo Saxons—The Celts—TheNormans
15. What doesLondonmean in Celtic?
A. River
B. Londinium
C. Lud
D. Castle
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项In June 9, 1870, Charles Dickens died at the age of 58. The next day, a headline in The New York Times read: “Death of the Great Novelist...Mourned by the People of Two Continents.”
___16___Even today, the British novelist is loved by readers all over the world. Dickens created some of the most unforgettable characters in English literature. You must have heard of or even read some of his novels: Oliver Twist, A Christmas Carol and A Tale of Two Cities.____17____Since 1897, there have been more than 300 film and television adaptations of Dickens’ works.
Natalie McKnight is a literature professor who studies Dickens and his works. She explains why the novelist has remained so popular. One important reason, she says, is that Dickens wrote from his heart.____18____A Christmas Carol, for example, was written to make every reader think about how they could make a difference to their society. People always enjoy works that make them laugh out loud, cry and think.____19____However, few of them worked as hard as Dickens to attract readers' minds.
Dickens wrote about situations and emotions that still interest people today. He used his pen to fight social inequality and gave voice to the poor.____20____.
This year marks the 150th year of Dickens’ death.It’s another chance to remember this great writer. Will you read (or re-read) some of his most famous works?
A. He tried hard to produce emotional effects among his readers.
B. His work led to many important social changes.
C. Dickens’ early life was very hard.
D. A Tale of Two Cities has sold more than 200 million copies.
E. The headline was not overstating the fame of Dickens.
F. Their works became the best sellers of that time.
G. Many other 19th century novelists wrote entertaining works.
第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项At 10 am, I was sitting in a large hotel. I got to meet my___21___, Tony Hawk. I woke up early in the morning.
I was excited but also a little___22___. Tony Hawk was considered to be one of the most successful pioneers of modern skateboarding and I had___23___him since I first saw him on television. I left my home___24___what it would be like to meet him. I arrived at Tony’s hotel and___25___two teens. I learnt that they were also Tony’s fans
and would attend this interview.___26___, we had taken part in the same group — the world was small. After a short talk, we started to____27____, going over all the questions we would ask Tony.
Shortly after we_____28_____and organized the most important questions, there was a knock at the door. I started to___29___. I could not get over the_____30_____that I was about to meet the best skateboarder. Tony Hawk walked in and sat down. I was very nervous____31____somehow was able to introduce myself. He was____32____and gave us honest answers to all our questions.Throughout the interview I kept_______33_______, wow, he was so cool. Most people in his position might be proud but he was______34______down-to-earth (朴实的). He also told us if we never______35______and worked hard, our dreams would come true.
After the interview, he left. He was_____36_____because he had to attend an important meeting. I was so happy to have had this____37____to interview this great skateboarder, who had got so many____38____in the world. I would never forget this_____39_____and could not wait to get home and_____40_____it with my family and friends.
21. A.teacher B.hero C.friend D.guide
22. A.puzzled B.frightened C.nervous D.sad
23. A.recognized B.missed C.admired D.called
24. A.warning B.doubting C.proving D.wondering
25. A.came across B.looked after C.turned to D.watched out
26. A.Hopefully B.Amazingly C.Finally D.Obviously
27. A.leave B.perform C.move D.work
28. A.answered B.picked C.threw D.faced
29. A.ask B.shout C.shake ugh
30. A.project B.suggestion C.fact D.news
31. A.but B.as C.so D.and
32. A.shy B.simple C.friendly D.cold
33. A.discussing B.thinking C.guessing D.reporting
34. A.partly B.hardly C.normally D.really
35. A.continued on B.gave up C.turned up D.came back
36. A.busy B.quiet C.lonely D.stressed
37. A.excuse B.reason C.chance D.plan
38. A.smiles B.gifts C.friends D.awards
39. A.game B.idea C.experience D.lesson
40. A.replace B.share C.exchange D.spread
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
Six months ago Xie Lei boarded a plane for London to complete a business qualification. It was the first time she____41.____(leave) her motherland .When she came to England, she lived with a host family,____42.____members always helped her. At the beginning she had to face such difficulties of daily life as how to use the phone and how to pay bus fare. Besides, she also ____43.____(have) to face the difficulties of learning at the university . Studying there was quite ____44.____(differ) from studying in China and she needed some preparation first。

She had to get____45.____(use) to a whole new way of life, which took up over concentration. It was beneficial as well as difficult for her____46.____(study) in London. She learned how to fulfill Western academic requirements. Xie lei also learned that as____47.____student. She should not use other people’s work____48.____to express her own ideas. And she feels much more at home in England now. What had seemed very strange before now appears quite normal. Now she has been so____49.____(occupy) with her work that she has and had time for social_____50._____(activity)!
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节短文改错（满分10分）
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。

错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除:把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。

修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

Nowadays we can still see some behavior against public morals. As was often the case, people tend to talk loud in public places, annoyed others around. Spitting and littering rubbish can be seen anywhere. Besides, it’s common that the young or middle-aged sit on the bus when the elderly have to stand.
Measure must be taken to change this situation. First of all, as students, we should manage our own behavior but help people around you form good habits. Meanwhile, it is necessary for the government and some organizations to encourage people to behave proper.
Don’t undervalue the role we can play with. Do remember we can make difference! Take action right now!
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
52.假如你是某国际学校的学生会主席，你校暑假将要组织一次英语夏令营，请你用英语写一则通知。

内容包括：
1.时间和地点；
2.活动内容；
3.报名方式和要求。

注意:1.词数100左右;格式已给出，不计入总词数；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

_____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ ______
参考答案
1. C
2. C
3. B
4. A
5. C
6. D
7. C
8. D 9. A 10. C 11. B
12. B 13. C 14. B 15. A
16. E 17. D 18. A 19. G 20. B
21. B 22. C 23. C 24. D 25. A 26. B 27. D 28. B 29. C 30. C 31. A 32.
C 33. B 34.
D 35. B 36. A 37. C 38. D 39. C 40. B
41. had left
42. whose 43. had
44. different
45. used 46. to study
47. a 48. but
49. occupied
50. activities
51.(1).was→is
(2).annoyed→annoying
(3).anywhere→everywhere
(4).when→while/but
(5).Measure→Measures
(6).but→and
(7).you→us
(8).proper→properly
(9).去掉with
(10).difference前添加a 52.略。