英语综合教第六册程unite3单词详解

Unit3
Bard [bɑ:d]
n. a lyric poet吟游诗人
在凯尔特人中写作颂词和讽刺作品的人；推而广之，泛指部族中擅长创作和吟咏英雄极其业绩的诗歌的诗人和歌手Synonyms：scop, minnesinger, gleeman
The Bard refer to William Shakespeare
The Bard of Avon，莎士比亚的别称(因莎士比亚出生并安葬于艾冯河畔的英国斯特拉特福)
Go out of style
to be out of use, to become outmoded 不再时兴，过时
Wordsmith ['wə:dsmiθ]
n. a fluent and prolific writer 擅长文字的人，舞文弄墨者；作家
With all his talent as a wordsmith, he was also a gifted cartoonist
除了文学大师所具有的才华外，他还是个很有天赋的漫画家。

Bulletin board
（可数名词）
1. A bulletin board is a board that is usually attached to
a wall in order to display notices giving information
about something. 布告栏
2. In computing, a bulletin board is a system that enables
users to send and receive messages of general interest.
电子布告栏
e.g.：The Internet is the largest computer bulletin board
in the world, and it's growing.
因特网是世界上最大的电子布告栏，并且仍在不断扩大。

Rant[rænt]
vi. [speech] (Disapproving) to speak or complain about sth in a loud and /or angry way 怒吼，咆哮，大声抱怨
~ (on)（about sth）
His bilious temperament was apparent to all who heard him rant about his difficulties.
显然，凡听到过他对困难大声吵嚷的人，都知道他脾气暴躁
~ (at sb)
She ranted at her maid.
她大声责骂女仆
Vt.大声讲话；朗诵：
The poet ranted his humorous verses before a big crowd.
这位诗人在大庭广众之下大声朗诵他的幽默诗句。

n. 1. (Disapproving) to show that you are angry by shouting or complaining loudly for a long time 气愤的大叫大嚷，大声吵闹
Part I is a rant against organized religion.
第一部分是对有组织的宗教的怒斥
2.[美国方言]狂欢作乐
搭配：
rant and rave 大声叫嚷
Diatribe['daiətraib]
（可数名词） A diatribe is an angry speech or article which is extremely critical of someone's ideas or activities 抨击;谴责
The book is a diatribe against the academic left.
该书对学界左派进行了抨击。

Synonyms：
Criticism :不可数名词(对书、戏剧等的)评论criticism is a serious examination and judgment of something such as a book or play.
e.g.: She has published more than 20 books including
novels, poetry and literary criticism.
她已出版了包括小说、诗歌和文学评论在内的20多部著作。

Rebuke [ri'bju:k]
V. if you rebuke someone, you speak severely to them because they have said or done something that you do not approve of指责；非难；谴责
The president rebuked the House and Senate for not passing those bills within 100 days.
总统谴责参众两院没有在100天之内通过那些法案
n. UN member countries delivered a strong rebuke to both countries for persisting with nuclear testing
programs.
联合国成员国对两国继续进行核试验项目提出强烈谴责。

Obsolete ['ɔbsəli:t, ,ɔbsə'li:t]
vt. fall into disuse 淘汰；废弃
The horse-drawn plough is now obsolete in most European countries.
马拉的犁在欧洲多数国家均已不再使用。

adj. old; no longer in use or valid or fashionable 废弃的；老式的
An obsolete ideology can hamper an economy.
过时的意识形态会束缚经济。

n. 废词；被废弃的事物
Yet systems can quickly become obsolete.
但新的系统可能很快就会过时。

词组：obsolete equipment 陈旧设备
词形变形：
adj. obsolescent 荒废的；即将过时的；逐渐被废弃的
n. obsoleteness 废弃
Synonyms：
n. obsoletism
v. obsolesce, outdate, superannuate.
Compact [kəm'pækt]
n. 1. a small cosmetics case with a mirror; to be carried in a woman's purse. 带镜小粉盒
2. a signed written agreement between two or more parties (nations) to perform some action. 协议；条约
3. a small and economical car. 小汽车
V. (usually passive) to press sth together firmly压紧，（使）坚实，简化，变紧密，变结实
A layer of compacted snow 压紧的一层雪
Adj.1.small and easy to carry 小巧易携带的,袖珍的 a compact camera 袖珍照相机
ing or filling only a small amount of space 紧凑的，体积小的
The kitchen was compact but well equipped. 这间厨房虽然空间小但设备齐全。

3.closely and firmly packed together.紧密的，结实的
A compact mass of earth 压得很结实的泥土
4.（of person or animal ）small and strong 矮小而健壮
He had a compact and muscular body.他个子矮小身体健壮。

词形变形：
adv. compactly 简洁地；紧密地；细密地
n. compaction 压紧；精简；密封；凝结 compactness 简洁；紧密；密实度；紧密度
compactor 压土机；垃圾捣碎机；夯土机；[建] 压实器
Liken to与…相比，把…比作
Life is often likened to sea voyage.
人生常被比做海上航行。

Synonyms：set beside 与…相比
Reinvent [,ri:in'vent]
Vt.
1.Bring back into existence 重新使用
2.create anew and make over重复发明（在不知他人已发明的
情况下）
They have tried to reinvent their retail stores...
他们一直在尝试改造他们的零售店。

词形变形： n. reinvention
短语：reinvent the wheel 白费力
reinvent oneself改过自新
Graft[ɡrɑ:ft, ɡræft]
v.
1. ~sth (onto/to/into sth) / ~sth(on)(from sth) to take a piece
of skin, bone, ect from one part of the body and attach it to
a damaged part 移植（皮肤，骨骼等）
New skin had to be grafted on from his back
需从他的背部移植新皮肤
2．~sth(onto sth) to cut a piece from a living plant and attach it to another plant 嫁接
3. ~sth(onto sth) to make one idea ,system, ect. become part
of another one 使（思想，制度等）成为（…的一部分），植根Old values are being grafted onto a new social class.
旧的价值观念正植根于新的社会阶级。

4.（informal）to work hard 卖力地工作
n. 1. (surgery) tissue or organ transplanted from a donor to a recipient; in some cases the patient can be both donor and recipient 移植
I am having a skin graft on my arm soon.
我很快就要做手臂的植皮手术了。

2. the practice of offering something (usually money) in
order to gain an illicit advantage 受贿
Apart from graft and patronage, an acute skills shortage is also to blame.
除了非法获利和卖官，人才出现了明显短缺，这一点也备受指责。

3.the act of grafting something onto something else 嫁接
A graft can be cut several ways.
嫁接的部分可以通过几种方式被切割
Tall-tale
an improbable (unusual or incredible or fanciful) story 荒诞不经的故事
Synonyms：
Misstatement, fish story, cock-and-bull story
Hark back to
To talk about sth again and again, often in a way which annoys other people 重提，回忆起(过去的事)；使想起；和(过去的事物)相似
The result devastated me at the time. Even now I hark back to it.
当时的结果让我伤心欲绝，即便是现在我仍记得那一幕。

Hark vi
1. ~at/to sb [主用于祈使句]听，倾听，注意听
Hark to him! 听他说!
2.[苏格兰英语] ~forward/off/away [常用作祈使句以呼叫或命令猎犬]冲
Hark away! 冲!
Pamphleteer [,pæmfli'tiə]
n. a writer of pamphlets (usually taking a partisan stand on public issues 尤指表达政治见解的）小册子作者
As it is I have been forced into becoming a sort of pamphleteer.
可结果我却不得不成了一个写小册子的作家。

vi. 写小册子; 评论时事
Intoxicated [in'tɔksikeitid]
adj.
1.stupefied or excited by a chemical substance (especially
alcohol) 极度兴奋的
~by/with 因…而兴奋的,陶醉的
The businessman was intoxicated by his success.
这个商人因为成功而狂喜。

2. as if under the influence of alcohol 喝醉的
He appeared intoxicated, police said.
他看上去好像是喝醉了，警察说。

词性变形：
v. intoxicate醉，使陶醉；使喝醉；使中毒
n. intoxication [内科] 中毒；陶醉；喝醉
Sloppy ['slɔpi] (sloppier sloppiest)
Adj.
1.that shows a lack of care ,thought or effort 马虎的，凌乱的，草率的
you work is sloppy 你的工作做得不认真
2.（of clothes）loose and without much shape 肥大而难看的
A sloppy T-shirt 宽大松垮的T恤衫
3.（informal）romantic in a silly or embarrassing way 庸俗伤感的
a sloop, sentimental love story庸俗伤感的爱情故事
4.containing too much liquid 太稀的
Don’t make the mixture too sloppy 别调得太稀
词性变形：
adv. sloppily 粗心地；凌乱地；过于伤感地；感情脆弱地
n. sloppiness 凌乱，马虎
Synonyms：
Brief, rare, thin, subtle, careless
Meander [mi'ændə]
v.
1.(of a river ,road, ect)to curve a lot rather than being in a straight line 迂回曲折蜿蜒而行
The stream Meander slowly down to the sea
这条小河弯弯曲曲缓慢地流向大海。

3. to walk slowly and change direction often ,especially without
a particular aim 漫步，闲逛
meander through the park 从公园的一端漫步到另一端
meander around/along 闲逛,信步
3.(of a conversation ,discussion, ect)to develop slowly and change subject often in a way t hat make it boring or difficult to understand (乏味地，令人费解地)漫谈，闲聊
N-COUNT a large bend in a river 漫步,曲流（常用复数）词性变形：
Adj. meandering 蜿蜒的，漫步的，聊天的
n. meanderings 曲折的路，迂回曲折的进程
adv. meanderingly
Synonyms：
Wander off, roam about ramble, promenade, roam, stroll
Puerile ['pjuərail, -ril]
adj.
1.silly, suitable for s child rather than an adult 愚蠢
的，幼稚的；孩子气的
At their most puerile, games are a grand hack.
在他们最纯真的，游戏是一辆华丽的马车
词性变形：
n. puerility 天真，幼稚；孩子气，未成熟
[常作复数]-ties childish and foolish act, idea, statement, etc.幼稚﹑愚蠢的言行﹑想法等. Synonyms：simple, tender, childish
Excerpt [ek'sə:pt, 'eksə:pt]
n. ~ (from sth) a short piece of writing, music, film, ect. taken from a longer whole 摘录，节选片段
vt. ~sth(from sth) take out of a literary work in order to cite or copy引用，摘录
Today's reading is excerpted from the Bible.
今天阅读的材料摘自《圣经》。

Vi 作摘录
The doctor read several medical books and excerpted.
此医生阅读几本医药书并作摘录。

Synonyms：
n.摘录，引用extract, citing
vt.引用，摘录reference, extract, cite
vi.摘录，引用reference, quote
词性变形:
excerption 选录；抄录；精华录
Preeminent[pri'eminənt, ,pri:-]
Adj（formal）greatest in importance or degree or significance or achievement 卓越的；超群的Some of the preeminent names in baseball
棒球史上一些杰出的名字
词性变形：
adj. preeminently 显著地；卓越地，杰出地
n. preeminence 卓越；杰出
Synonyms：
Remarkable, excellent, prominent, ranking
Rudimentary[,ru:di'mentəri] [ 比较级more rudimentary 最高级most rudimentary]
Adj：
1.（formal）dealing with only the most basic matters or ideas.基础的，基本的
He had only a rudimentary knowledge of French.
他只有最基本的法语知识。

2.（formal or technical）not highly or fully developed
未充分发展的，原始的
Some dinosaurs had only rudimentary teeth.
有些恐龙只有未充分长成的牙齿。

词性变形：
n. rudiment 雏形；基本原理
短语：
rudimentary knowledge 基础知识；初步知识Synonyms：
Elementary, basic, fundamental, essential, primary
Weed out
（动词词组）remove unwanted elements 清除；淘汰；除去
To weed out the worthless books
清除无价值的书
Synonyms：
Get rid of, deride
Weed[wi:d]
n.
1. any plant that crowds out cultivated plants杂草，野草
2. a black band worn by a man (on the arm or hat) as a sign of mourning (悼念用的)黑纱
3. street names for marijuana菸草
4.[口语] [the weed]烟草
Vt/Vi
clear of weeds 除草
Caspar was weeding the garden.
卡斯帕正在给花园除草
Try not to walk on the flowerbeds while weeding.
除草的时候尽量不要在花坛上走
Ream [ri:m]
n (常做复数).
1.(informal)a large quantity of writing 大量的文字（或写作）
she wrote reams in the exam.她在考试中写得很多
2.（technical）500 sheets of paper令（纸张的计数单位）v.
1. squeeze the juice out (of a fruit) with a reamer 榨
取（果汁等）
2.remove by making a hole or by boring挖
3. enlarge with a reamer 扩展
Gem [dʒem]
N-COUNTA
1.a crystalline rock that can be cut and polished for jewelry宝石
The mask is formed of a gold-platinum alloy inset with emeralds and other gems.
这张面具是由黄金和白金的合金制成，并镶嵌翡翠和其他宝石。

2.a person, place or thing that is especially good 难
能可贵的人，风景优美的地方，美妙绝伦的事物。

This picture is the gem of the collection.
这幅画是收藏中的极品
vt. 点缀；用宝石镶嵌；饰以宝石
Mnemonic[ni:'mɔnik]
adj. of or relating to or involved the practice of aiding the memory 记忆的；助记的；记忆术的
Choosing effective passwords can be done with mnemonic devices. 选择有效的密码可以借助助记方法。

n. a device (such as a rhyme or acronym) used to aid recall 记忆方法；记忆标记，记忆代码，助记符号
This mnemonic is used as prefix for all the interface methods.
这个助记符作为接口方法的前缀。

Moribund
adj.
1.（formal）（of an industry, an institution ,a custom ,ect ）no longer effective and about to come to an end completely 行将灭亡的，即将倒闭的，濒临崩溃的
a moribund company 即将倒闭的的公司
2.in a very bad condition ,dying 垂死的,濒临死亡的 a
moribund patient 濒临死亡的病人
n. 垂死的人
Critique[kri'ti:k]
n.
1. an essay or article that gives a critical evaluation (as of a book or play) 评论文章
2. a serious examination and judgment of something 批评
She had brought a book, a feminist critique of Victorian lady novelists.
她带来了一本书，一本从女权主义角度对维多利亚时期女小说家进行的评论。

V. to write or give you opinion of, or reaction to, a set
of ideas, a work of art, ect. 写评论，对…发表评论，评判Her job involves critiquing designs by fashion students。

她的工作包括评判时装专业学生的设计。

Blow away 吹走；驱散
搭配：blow sb away sb be blow away by sth 给某人留下深刻印象, 深深打动
相关词组： blow off 放出，吹掉 blow out 吹熄，爆裂blow over 平息，消散 blow up 爆发，放大
Blow[bləu] （blew-blown –blowing）
1.Vi. When a wind or breeze blows, the air moves. 刮风
例：A chill wind blew at the top of the hill.
山顶上刮了一阵凉飕飕的风。

2. Vt/Vi If the wind blows something somewhere or if it blows there, the wind moves it there. 把…吹到; 吹例：The wind blew her hair back from her forehead.
风把她额头上的头发向后吹。

3. Vi. If you blow, you send out a stream of air from your mouth. 呵气
例：Danny rubbed his arms and blew on his fingers to warm them.
丹尼搓着胳膊，向他的手指上呵气来暖手。

4.Vt ~st h out/off/ away To blow something out, off, or away means to remove or destroy it violently with an explosion. 炸毁
例：The can exploded, wrecking the kitchen and bathroom and blowing out windows.
罐子爆炸了，毁了厨房和浴室，也炸掉了窗户。

5. ~up/to bits 使爆炸；炸开
A mine blew the enemy warship to bits.
水雷把敌舰炸成碎片。

6.擤，使(鼻子等)通气：
to blow one's nose 擤鼻子
7. ~out使(轮胎)爆炸；炸毁；扯断；使裂开
to blow out the tyre 使轮胎爆裂
8.~down/over毁灭；爆破；拆毁
The windstorm blew down their houses.
风暴毁坏了他们的房屋
9. ~ to something [口语]款待，请(客)；对待(某事)
10.美国俚语]错过(有利机会)，放过(机会)；贻误而遭失败；
It was your last chance and you blew it.
那是你的最后机会，你放过了它.
搭配：
Blow（sb）a kiss（向某人送飞吻）
~sth (on sth )（在某物上）花大钱，挥霍
~the gaff(on sb/sth)(informal) （尤指因大意）泄露秘密~hot and cold(about sth) (informal)拿不定主意，出尔反尔~one's own `trumpet 自吹自擂; 夸口.
~one's/sb's `mind 使自己[某人]感到高兴或惊愕.
~the whistle on sb/sth (informal) 告发
~out （指火焰等）被风等熄灭
~sb up(informal) 训斥某人:
~up(at sb) (informal)(对某人) 发火，动怒
~ (to sb/sth)打击，挫折
词性变形：
adj. blown 吹制的，吹出的；开花的，盛开的；喘气的blowy 有风的；风大的；随风飘动的
n. blower 鼓风机，吹风机；吹制工；<俚>爱吹牛的人blowing 吹制；吹气法
blowfly 绿头苍蝇（等于blow fly或bluebottle）
v. blown 风吹（blow的过去分词）
blowing 吹；鼓风（blow的现在分词）；充气
Mock-epic 仿英雄体诗
Prosaic [prəu'zeiik]
adj. (Written, usually disapproving)
1.ordinary and not showing any imagination 平庸的，没有诗意的
a prosaic style 平庸的风格
2.dull,not romantic 乏味的，平淡的
the prosaic side of life 生活平淡的一面
词性变形：
adv. prosaically 平凡地；散文式地
n. prose 散文；单调
vi. Prose 写散文；乏味地讲话
vt. prose 把…写成散文
短语：
Prosaic Language平淡无奇言语
prosaic prosy散文体的
Prevail[pri'veil, pri:-]
V．
1.~（in/among sth）to exist or be very common at a particular time or in a particular place.普遍存在，盛行，流行Those beliefs still prevail among certain social groups.
这些信念在某些社会群体中仍很盛行。

2.~（against/over sth）(formal)(of idea ,opinion ,ect)to be accepted, especially after a struggle or an argument 被接受，战胜，压倒
justice will prevail Over tyranny 正义必将战胜暴虐3.~（against/over sb）(formal) to defeat an opponent ,especially after long struggle.战胜，挫败
搭配：
prevail on/upon sb to do sth 劝说
I’m sure he could be prevailed upon to give a talk.
我相信能说服他来做一次报告。

词性变形：
adj. prevailing（作定语）流行的；一般的，最普通的；占优势的；盛行很广的
The prevailing economic conditions.普遍的经济状况
Terse[tə:s] [ 比较级terser 最高级tersest ]
adj. brief and to the point; effectively cut short 简洁的，精练的，扼要的
I set my writing aside and edit a day or two in a while with the aim of making it terse.
为使文书更简洁，我把它放到一边，过一两天后再改正。

词性变形：
adv. tersely 简洁地；精练地
n. terseness 简洁；精练
Synonyms：brief, summary, compact, concise
Bulleted
adj.Highlighted or set off with bullets---small black circles used in text to show separate items in a list 以着重号（黑点）形式列出
Caliber ['kælibə]
n.
1. a degree or grade of excellence or worth 才干；水准
I was impressed by the high caliber of the researchers and analysts.
我对这些研究员和分析员的优秀才干印象深刻。

2.diameter of a tube or gun barrel [军] 口径
Lace [leis]
n.
1.a cord that is drawn through eyelets or around hooks in order to draw together two edges (as of a shoe or garment) 鞋带；饰带
2. a delicate decorative fabric woven in an open web of symmetrical patterns花边
v.
1. ~ (sth)(up) to be fastened with laces, to fasten sth with laces.由带子系紧，把…用带子系牢
She was wearing a dress that laced up at the side.
她穿着一件在侧面系带子的裙子。

2.to put a lace through the holes in a shoes, a boot ,ect.给（鞋子，靴等）穿鞋带
3. ~sth(with sth) to add a small amount of alcohol ,a drug ,poison ,ect to a drink 给（饮料等）掺（少量的酒，药，毒药等）
He had laced her milk with run.
他在她的牛奶里加了少量朗姆酒。

4.~sth(with sth) to add a particular quality to a
book ,speech,ect.给（书、讲话等）润色
Her conversation was laced with witty asides.
她谈起话来经常带着几分俏皮。

5. lace into sb（informal） attack sb physically or with words 打﹑攻击或抨击某人.
He laced into the thief until he begged for mercy.
他痛打窃贼，直到他求饶为止。

6.to weave or twist sth together with another thing.使编织（或交织，缠绕）在一起
Let me lace you nicely.
让我为你打个漂亮的结
词性变形：
adj. laced 有花边的；绑带子的；加酒的 lacy 花边的；丝带的 lacelike 花边状的；带子般的
n. lacing 花边；结带；饰带 lacer 胶带接合机
v. laced 用带子束紧；交织在一起；抽打（lace的过去分词） lacing 用带子束紧；交织在一起；抽打（lace的ing 形式）
短语：
boots that lace one's coat(或jacket) [俚语]鞭打某人lace up 用带子束紧 shoe lace 鞋带
Acronym ['ækrəunim]
n. a word formed from the initial letters of the several words in the name 首字母缩略词
词性变形：
adj. acronymic 关于首字母缩略字的
grimace [ɡri'meis]
n. a contorted facial expression鬼脸；怪相；痛苦的表情He took another drink of his coffee. "Awful," he said with a grimace.
他又喝了一口咖啡，“太难喝了”，他边说边扮了个怪相。

vi. ~(at sb/sth) contort the face to indicate a certain mental or emotional state (因痛苦，厌恶等) 扮鬼脸；作怪相；作苦相
He grimaced at the bitter taste.
他一尝那苦味，做了个怪相。

Synonyms：make faces, pull faces
Long-winded ['lɔŋ'windid]
adj. using or containing too many words
冗长的；罗嗦的；气长的
To this day I am not sure why, given as he was to make long-winded comments, he remained so terse about such decisions.
直到今天，我还搞不清楚，他在别的事情上总要发表长本大套的意见，为何在做这种决定时偏偏一言了事。

Synonyms：interminable, verbose
Phoney ['fəuni] (also phony) [ 比较级phonier 最高级phoniest]
n.[美国口语]a person who professes beliefs and opinions that he or she does not hold in order to conceal his or her real feelings or motives 骗子；假货
adj. fraudulent; having a misleading appearance 假的，欺骗的
There's a phony note in her letters.
她的信里有一种虚情假意的口气
vt. 伪造；假冒
No one could phony a list like that.
没有人能够假造像这样的一份清单
词形变形:
adj. phonier, phoniest
n. phonies 冒充者; 伪造物; 膺品 phoniness 虚假
Come across
动词词组：
1. If you come across something or someone, you find them
or meet them by chance. 偶然发现; 偶然遇见
例：He came across the jawbone of a 4.5 million-year-old marsupial. 他偶然发现了一个450万年前的有袋动物的颌骨。

2.If someone or what they are saying comes across in a
particular way, they make that impression on people who meet them or are listening to them. 留下印象
e.g. When sober, he can come across as an extremely pleasant and charming young man.
在他不醉酒的时候，他给人的印象可能会是一位极其可爱迷人的年轻人。

Synonyms：
drop across 偶遇，惩罚meet up with 偶遇，碰面
blowhard ['bləuhɑ:d]
n. [美国俚语、口语] a very boastful and talkative person 吹牛者，大吹大擂的人，大言不惭的人；唠唠叨叨的人
I don't want to sit next to that old blowhard.
我不想坐在那个爱自吹自擂的老人旁边
blue-blooded
adj. Belonging to or characteristic of the nobility or aristocracy 贵族的；纯种的
blue blood的变形
1. 贵族出身，王族出身；名门出身；贵族(或王族)血统的
人
2. 贵族；王族；名门望族
3. 高贵的品质，高贵的品行
Synonyms：
Noble, aristocratic
Enfranchise[in'fræntʃaiz]
V. （formal尤用于被动语态）
1.give (sb) political rights, esp the right to vote at
parliamentary elections
给予（某人）政治权利（尤指议会选举权）
New Zealand was the first country to enfranchise women. It gave them the vote in 1895.
新西兰是第一个给予妇女选举权的国家，时间是在1895年
2. set free (slaves) 解放（奴隶）
The slaves were enfranchised.奴隶们被释放了
词性变形：enfranchisement 解放，释放
Synonyms： deliver, emancipate
Geek [ɡi:k]
n.
1. [美国俚语] a carnival performer who does disgusting acts “野人”(巡回流动的游艺团体低级滑稽节目的表演者，如咬下活鸡头) , 低级趣味的人
2.a person with an unusual or odd personality
反常的人；畸形人
Grassroots ['gra:s,ru:ts]
adj. the ordinary people in society or in an organization, especially a political party 基层的；草根的；乡村的
Second, these efforts must reach deeper to the grassroots.
第二，这些努力必须深入到基层草根阶层。

n.(复数型名词) 草根；基础
You have to join the party at grassroots level from what I understand.
据我的了解，你得由基层组织入党。

vixen ['viksən]
n.
1.an unpleasant woman 泼妇，刁妇；唠叨的女人；
2. female fox 雌狐
短语：Fairy Ghost Vixen 聊斋志异
词性变形：
adj. vixenish 脾气大的；好吵架的；泼辣的；凶焊的Synonyms：shrew, virago
Dash off
动词词组：
1.to write sth quickly, put little effort into it 匆忙完成
We dashed off a letter to announce the news.
我们匆忙写了一封信宣布这消息
2. If you dash off to a place, you go there very quickly.
迅速去做
He dashed off to lunch at the Hard Rock Cafe.
他急匆匆地到硬石餐馆去吃午饭。