高考英语高频考点巅峰特训4+1阅读理解+七选五(课标全国卷)解析版

高频考点穿透卷巅峰特训4+1 阅读理解 +七选五（课标全国卷）解析版
第一节阅读理解
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A 、 B、 C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A
Teen Creative Writing Residency(培训) at Atlantic Center for the Arts
Join other teens for an intensive ten -day writing residency with Master Writers at the world renowned Atlantic
Center for the Arts.
The Residency
The Teen Creative Writing Residency is a summer writing residency that offers 9th― 12th grade t workshops and mentorship ( 辅导 ) by distinguished authors in poetry, fiction, and nonfiction. The Teen Creative
Writing Residency will be held at Atlantic Center from July 13 through July 26, offering 21 teens from around the
country an extraordinary opportunity to expand the power of their individual voices through writing workshops
with Master Writers.
Residency Schedule
Teen writers will join three Master Writers -in-Residence, one in each of the following genres ( 类型 )― poetry,
fiction, and nonfiction. The mentorship with the Master Writers-in -Residence will be the focus, but the chance to
have conversations with the other Visiting Writers and participating Teen Writers will be valuable.
Classes meet Monday― Friday for two hours of workshops. Teen writers will have the opportunity to focus on
one genre, while also exploring the other forms of literature through workshops and conversation.
Admission
The selection process for the unique literary residency opportunity will be competitive. Atlantic Center
receives the applications, and the judges evaluate writing samples. As class sizes are kept small to provide the
highest quality instruction, not all qualified writers may be accepted.
Applications should include the following:
On: Cover Letter: Your name, address, age, phone number(s)
Two: Writing Sample: 3 pages: Your writing sample should be in your preferred form of literature.
1． Whom is the writing residency held for?
A. Teens all over the world.
B. Teens all over the country.
C. Authors of literature.
D. Visiting Writers.
2． What does a Master Writer -in-Residence teach?
A. Writing and reading.
B. Writing and speaking.
C. All of the three literature forms.
D. One of the three literature forms.
3． What are the writing samples used for?
A. Judging whether the applicants can be accepted.
B. Judging what form of literature the teens like best.
C. Choosing winners in the writing competitions.
D. Selecting teen writers for the writing competitions.
【来源】【全国百强校】广西柳州高级中学2017 届高三二月份模拟演练
【答案】
1． B
2． D
3． A
考点：考查应用文阅读。

【题型】阅读理解
【难度】较易
B
Beavers(河狸 ) are a very unique species in the world of nature and wildlife——they are architects. are fine examples of engineering.
A pair of beavers will build a dam, using branches, mud and stones, across a river. The water held back by the
dam flows over the bank on either side of the river, flooding the nearby ground and forming a pond. At some point
in the pond the beavers then build their home, which is called a lodge. This consists of a cone -shaped(锥状的 ) pipe
of branches and sticks of two to six feet in length held together with mud and stones, the top of which projects
above the waterline. It serves as a shelter from the bad weather, a safety from enemies and a base for food
supplies to be drawn upon in winter.
From an engineering point of view the lodge could hardly be improved. Not only does it contain a central room just
above water level, which is accessible only through underwater tunnels, but it also has“ walls”tunnels and an air hole at the top, which controls the temperature inside and gives air -conditioning. It is altogether a
clever piece of construction, with all modern conveniences. It is, in fact, better protected against the effects of flooding
than many human houses.
Trees are essential to beavers. They eat the bark on the upper branches. But they must first fell the trees, using their
four front teeth. With these sharp tools, it takes only a few minutes to cut down a tree.
The engineering skill of beavers is to a large extent a result of their ability to use their front paws as hands. A
female will carry her young held under her chin( 下巴 ) with her front paws, walking on her hind legs. A similar
method is used by all beavers when transporting stones or mud, although they also carry such materials on their
broad flat trails. The fore -paws are also used for digging and for dragging heavier pieces of wood.
4． Which of the following pictures best illustrates the beaver’ s lodge?
A. B.
C. D.
5． Which of the following sentences is Not the reason why trees are important to beavers?
A. They live on the barks on the upper branches of trees.
B. They use trees’ branches to build dams.
C. They build their lodge with the branches.
D. They us branches to transport mud and stones.
6． The underlined word“ fell” in Paragraph 4 probably means ________.
A. move away
B. cut down
C. cut up
D. move about
7． This text is mainly about ________.
A. the beaver’ s lodge
B. the beaver’ s engineering skills
C. the beaver’ s dam
D. the beaver’ s intelligence
【来源】【百强校】 2017 届山西运城市高三上期末
【答案】
4． C
5． D
6． B
7． B
【解析】文章介绍了大自然的建筑师河狸和给人类的启示。

4． C 推理判断题。

根据第二段 which is called a lodge. This consists of a cone -shaped(锥状的 )pipe of branches and
sticks of two to six feet in length held together with mud and stones, the top of which projects above the
waterline. 可知，这小坝是锥形的，且高出水平线，故选 C 图。

5．D 细节理解题。

根据 Trees are essential to beavers. They eat the bark on the upper branches. But they must first fell
the trees, using their four front teeth. With these sharp tools, it takes only a few minutes to cut down a tree. 可知，
河狸吃树皮，用树枝搭他们的小屋，而不是用它来运送泥土和石块，故选D。

6．B 词义推测题。

根据 But they must first fell the trees, using their four front teeth. With these sharp tools, it takes
only a few minutes to cut down a tree. 可知，河狸通过牙齿把树砍倒，此处fell 意为“ cut down，”故选 B。

7．B 主旨大意题。

根据 The engineering skill of beavers is to a large extent a result of their ability to use their front
paws as hands.和整篇文章可知，全文主要讲述了河狸的建筑技巧，故答案为B。

考点：考查说明文阅读
【题型】阅读理解
【难度】一般
C
Today ’ s demands for measuring childhood success have chased household chores from the to-do lists of many
young people. In a survey of 1,001 US adults released by Braun Research, 82% reported having regular chores
growing up, but only 28% said that they require their own children to do them. “ Parentstoday want their kids
spending time on things that can bring them success, but ironically, we’ ve stopped doing one thing that been a proven predictor of success — andthat ’household chores.”says Richard Rende, a developmental psychologist.
Giving children household chores at an early age helps to build a lasting sense of mastery, responsibility and independence, according to research by Marty Rossmann, professor at the University of Minnesota. In 2002, Dr.
Rossmann analyzed data from a longitudinal( 纵向的 ) study that followed 84 children across four periods. She
found that young adults who began chores at ages 3 and 4 were more likely to have good relationships with family
and friends and to achieve academic and early career success, as compared with those who didn’ t who started them as teens.
Chores also teach children how to be empathetic( 感同身受的) and responsive to others’needs, notes psychologist Richard Weissbourd. In research, his team surveyed 10,000 high-school students and asked them to
rank what they treasured more: achievement, happiness or caring for others. Almost 80% chose either achievement or happiness over caring for others. As he points out, however, research suggests that personal happiness comes most reliably not from high achievement but from strong relationships. “ We’ reout of balance, ”says Dr. Weissbourd. A good way to start re-adjusting priorities( 优先事项 ), he suggests, is by learning to be kind and helpful at home.
The next time that your child asks to skip chores to do homework, resist the urge to let him or her off the hook. Being slack( 懈怠的 ) about chores when they compete with school sends your child the message that grades and achievement are more important than caring about others. What may seem like small messages in the moment but add up to big ones over time.
8． What can we learn from the first paragraph?
A. Parents today have recognized the importance of chores.
B. Most parents today think chores are necessary for measuring kids’ success.
C. Most adults require their children to do regular chores now.
D. Doing regular chores can help children to succeed.
9． What can we conclude from Rossmann’ s longitudinal study?
A. Children will not achieve academic and career success with few chores.
B. It makes little difference when children begin chores.
C. Chores should be given to children at an early age.
D. Young adults beginning chores as teens are more likely to be responsible.
10． What do students value more according to Weissbourd’ s survey?
A. Responding to others’ needs.
B. Achieving high achievements.
C. Practicing kindness and giving help.
D. Building strong relationships
11． What can be the best title for the text?
A. Children need regular chores
B. Children need to be independent
C. Household chores build up relationships
D. Chores bring children responsibility
【来源】【百强校】 2017 届湖南株洲高三上质量检测
【答案】
8． D
9． C
10． B
11． A
10．B 细节理解题。

根据文章第三段“ In research, his team surveyed 10,000 high-school students and asked them
to rank what they treasured more: achievement, happiness or caring for others. Almost 80% chose either achievement or happiness over caring for others.可知，大部分学”生更在意成就或者是快乐，故选B。

11． A 主旨大意题。

B 、C、D 三个选项都是做家务所带来的好处，但都只是其中的一个方面，不能概括全
文。

A 项“孩子需要经常做家务”点出文章主旨，适合做文章标题。

故选 A 。

考点：考查议论文阅读
【题型】阅读理解
【难度】较难
D
Five years ago, when I taught art at a school in Seattle, I used Tinkertoys as a test at the beginning of a term to
find out something about my students.I put a small set of Tinkertoys in front of each student, and said:
something out of the Tinkertoys. You have 45 minutes today—and 45minutes each day for the rest of the week.
A few students hesitated to start. They waited to see what the rest of the class would do. Several others checked
the instructions and made something according to one of the model plans provided. Another group built
something out of their own imaginations.
Once I had a boy who worked experimentally with Tinkertoys in his free time. His constructions filled a shelf in
the art classroom and a good part of his bedroom at home. I was delighted at the presence of such a student. Here
was an exceptionally creative mind at work. His presence meant that I had an unexpected teaching assistant in class
whose creativity would infect( 感染 ) other students.
Encouraging this kind of thinking has a downside. I ran the risk of losing those students who had a different
style of thinking. Without fail one would declare,“ But I’ m just not creative.”
“ Do you dream at night when you’ re asleep?”
“ Oh, sure.”
“ So tell me one of your most interesting dreams.” The student would tell something wildly imaginative. Flying the sky or in a time machine or growing three heads.“ That’ s pretty creative. Who does that for you?
“ Nobody. I do it.”
“ Really—at night, when you’ re asleep?”
“ Sure. ”
“ Try doing it in the daytime, in class, okay?”
12． The teacher used Tinkertoys in class in order to ________.
A. know more about the students
B. make the lessons more exciting
C. raise the students’ interest in art
D. teach the students about toy design
13． What do we know about the boy mentioned in Paragraph 3?
A. He liked to help his teacher.
B. He preferred to study alone.
C. He was active in class.
D. He was imaginative.
14． What does the underlined word“ downside” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?
A. Mistake.
B. Drawback.
C. Difficulty.
D. Burden.
15． Why did the teacher ask the students to talk about their dreams?
A. To help them to see their creativity.
B. To find out about their sleeping habits.
C. To help them to improve their memory.
D. To find out about their ways of thinking.
【来源】【高考真题】 2016 年课标全国卷ⅡB篇
【答案】
12． A
13． D
14． B
15． A
【解析】本文属于记叙文，作者通过让学生拼装玩具发现并鼓励学生的创造性和想象力。

15． A 推理判断题。

根据文章最后七段中的对话内容可知作者鼓励孩子们说出最有趣的有创造性和想象力的梦，并鼓励他们在白天的课堂里把梦的内容做出来。

作者这样做的目的就是为了让他们看到自己的创造性和想象力。

故 A 正确。

考点：考查记叙文阅读
【题型】阅读理解
【难度】一般
第二节七选五
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项。

How To Write A Proper“ Thank You” Email
In our daily life, it’ s important that you know how to write a proper, and professional thank you email.
Use the correct name.
Whoever the person you are writing the email to is, you want to make sure you thank them by showing them
your paying enough attention to know their name. While the difference between Dr. and Mr. or Joe and Joan, may
be a couple letters, they’ ll notice16.
Explain who you are.
You know who you are, and you know why you are writing the letter, but don’ t收leave件人the) recipient( trying to figure out who the email is from until the end.17And also remind them what they did for you.
Always use the subject line.
Never accept that little message that turns up when you try to send an email without a subject line.18
An email without a subject line is either going to get overlooked or deleted.
19
An email with spelling or grammar mistakes shows that you didn’ t care about the email enough to give i time to be corrected.
Use a signature.
Even if it just a simple thank you email, you always want your name to appear. Use a signature to stand out.
20Use bold text for your signature or a slightly different font to stand out from the rest of the generic email.
A. Correct it.
B. But to do that you have to have a name.
C. You want to look professional in all your emails.
D. Teachers or professors get hundreds of emails a day.
E. Take the first couple sentences to reintroduce yourself.
F. Under your name write where you’ re from, your class year.
G. Make sure you check the spelling of a name before you hit send.
【来源】【名师原创】
【答案】
16． G
17． E
18． D
19． A
20． F
【解析】
本文针对如何写一个合适而专业的感谢电子邮件给我们提供了一些指导。

19.A 本段主要论述了发送邮件前反复校对的重要性，故答案为 A 项“要检查下”符合本段主旨。

20.F 本段主要告诉我们如何在邮件末尾签名，此处选择 F 项“在你的前面后面标注你所在的年级”符合语境。

考点：考查说明文阅读
【题型】七选五
【难度】较易。