高三英语阅读理解(社会文化)专题训练答案

高三英语阅读理解(社会文化)专题训练答案
一、高中英语阅读理解社会文化类
1．阅读理解
Theaters of the Past
The Greek Theater
Theaters developed in many parts of Greece. Ancient Greek theaters were built in natural open air sites on conveniently shaped hills. This allowed a great mass of people to enjoy a show at a time. Due to this, actors placed emphasis on exaggerated (夸张的) action and speech. And, colorful symbolic masks and costumes were used.
The Medieval Theater
The Medieval theater started in churches. That's why medieval plays were about Bible stories. At first, it became a custom for priests (牧师) to act out brief scenes during Christmas and Easter. These acts attracted large crowds. Finally the church refused to allow priests to participate in any such events again, so ordinary people began these performances outside. Performances were set in the town square, with several stage settings around it.
The Elizabethan Theater
The England's theater developed rapidly in the years following the defeat of the Spanish Navy. The dominant feature of Elizabethan theater was the stage. It has three parts: The fore stage for outside scenes; the inner stage for scenes inside a building; an upper stage or balcony for various purposes. The reason for this design is that there were no scene changes, or breaks during the play. Very little scenery was used, so the actors had to create a scene through their voices and dialogues. This led to a more poetic script, and poets became the main source of script writing.
The Restoration Theater
Some of the plays told sad stories, but the majority of the plays were really funny. Many specialized machines were used to create the scene. The stage was a very clever idea , in that on the sides of the stage large back shutters (百叶窗) were painted with the scene.
（1）Why were ancient Greek theaters built on hills?
A.To hold a large audience.
B.To build a big and strong stage.
C.To have a better sound effect.
D.To emphasize exaggerated performances.
（2）In which theater could actors' voices and speech help create scenes?
A.The Greek Theater.
B.The Medieval Theater.
C.The Elizabethan Theater.
D.The Restoration Theater.
（3）What is special about the Restoration Theater?
A.Colorful masks were used.
B.The stage was smartly designed.
C.Most of its plays were sorrowful.
D.Ordinary people were the performers.
【答案】（1）A
（2）C
（3）B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了四个古代的剧院。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据The Greek Theater部分中的“Ancient Greek theaters were built in natural open air sites on conveniently shaped hills. This allowed a great mass of people to enjoy a show at a time.”古希腊的剧院建在自然开阔的地方，建在形状方便的山上。

这使得一大群人可以一次欣赏一场演出，可知，希腊剧院建在山上是为了让更多的观众可以一起欣赏演出。

故选A。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据The Elizabethan Theater部分中的“Very little scenery was used, so the actors had to create a scene t hrough their voices and dialogues.”布景用得很少，所以演员们不得不通过他们的声音和对话来创造一个场景，可知，在The Elizabethan Theater, 演员的声音和言语能帮助创造场景。

故选C。

（3）考查推理判断。

根据The Restoration Theater部分中的“The stage was a very clever idea , in that on the sides of the stage large back shutters (百叶窗) we re painted with the scene.”舞台是一个非常聪明的想法，因为舞台两侧的大背板上都画着场景)可知，在The Restoration Theater舞台设计非常巧妙。

故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

2．阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

It's not unusual to see an unreasonable child lying on the ground drumming his heels. Beside him is a desperate mother yelling at the top of her lungs. Raising a well-behaved kid is really a head-scratching thing.
If you took all the parenting styles around the world and ranked them by their gentleness, the Inuit (因纽特人) approach would certainly rank near the top. All the moms mention one golden role: Don't shout or yell at small children. Inuit's no-yelling policy is their central component to raising cool-headed kids. The culture views scolding, or even speaking to children in all angry voice, as inappropriate, although little kids are pushing parents' buttons.
Playful "storytelling" is another trick to sculpting kids' behavior. But this storytelling differs hugely from those fairy tales full of moral lessons. Parents "retell" what happened when a boy threw a tantrum(发脾气)by way of what Shakespeare would understand all too well: putting on a "drama". After the child has calmed down, the parents will review what happened when the child misbehaved, usually starting with a question: "Can you show us how to throw a tantrum?" Then the child has to think what he should do. If he takes the bait and performs the action, the mom will ask a follow-up question with a playful tone. For example: "Does that seem right?" or "Are you a baby?" She is getting across the idea that "big boys" won't throw a tantrum.
Kids' brains are still developing the circuitry needed for self-control. What you do in response to your children's emotions shapes their brains. So next time, seeing your boy misbehave, try
using the Inuit's storytelling approach. And don't forget to keep cool. After all, boys will be boys.
（1）Which of the following best explains "pushing parents' buttons" underlined in Paragraph 2?
A. Talking with parents.
B. Playing with parents' buttons.
C. Exposing parents' faults.
D. Making parents annoyed.
（2）What do we know about Inuit's "storytelling"?
A. It aims at playing a trick on kids.
B. It raises kids' awareness of morality.
C. It comes after a child misbehaves.
D. It analyzes Shakespeare's dramas.
（3）What's the author's attitude to children's misbehavior?
A. Cautious
B. Tolerant
C. Uncaring
D. Skeptical
（4）What's the main idea of the text?
A. Inuit's approach to parenting.
B. Values of reading literary works.
C. Causes of children's misbehavior.
D. Parents' responses to "storytelling".
【答案】（1）D
（2）C
（3）B
（4）A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，因纽特人教育孩子的方式最温柔，介绍了因纽特人
教育孩子的黄金规则“不对小孩叫喊”以及他们塑造孩子行为的一种方式“讲故事”，让我们
时刻记住孩子做错事的时候要保持冷静。

（1）考查词义猜测。

划线词组所在句子为让步状语从句，"although（即使）"前后句是相
反关系。

句意为：这种文化认为训斥孩子，或者以生气的口吻对孩子说话都是不合适的，
即使小孩子让家长生气的时候也是这样。

故选D。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据第三段中的"Parents "retell" what happened when a boy threw a tantrum (发脾气) by way of…"可知，家长讲述的是小男孩发脾气时所发生的事情。

也就是说
故事内容就是小孩子做错的事情。

故选C。

（3）考查推理判断。

根据最后一段中的"And don't forget to keep cool. After all, boys will be boys. 不要忘记保持冷静。

毕竟，孩子就是孩子。

"可知，作者认为小孩子犯错时，家长要
宽容孩子的错误，不能对孩子要求太高。

故选B。

（4）考查主旨大意。

文章主要通过讲述因纽特人温柔地教育孩子的方式，让我们对如何
教育孩子有所启发。

故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一
篇文化类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行
分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

3．阅读理解
The Nazca Lines are a series of large ancient geoglyphs (地画) in the Nazca Desert, in southern Peru. It is ranging from geometric patterns to drawings of different animals and stylized human-
like forms. The ancient lines can only be truly taken in from high in the air, leaving generations puzzled as to how these precise works could have been completed long before the documented invention of human flight.
The Lines were first spotted when commercial airlines began flying across the Peruvian desert in the 1920,s. Who built them and what was their purpose? Are they roads, star pointers，maybe even a gigantic map? If the people who lived here 2,000 years ago had only a simple technology, how did they manage to construct such precise figures? Did they have a plan? These markings are like a vast puzzle.
The Nazca Lines are the most outstanding group of geoglyphs in the world. There are also huge geoglyphs in Egypt, Malta，United States (Mississippi and California), Chile，Holivia and in other countries. But the Nazca geoglyphs, because of their numbers， characteristics, dimensions and cultural continuity as they were made and remade throughout a certain history period, form the most impressive archeological (考古学的) group.
The Nazca plain is unique for its ability to preserve the markings upon it, due to the combination of the climate (one of the driest on Earth, with only twenty minutes of rainfall per year) and the flat, stony ground which minimizes the effect of the wind at ground level. With no dust or sand to cover the plain and little rain or wind to erode (腐蚀) it, lines drawn here tend to stay drawn. These factors, combined with the existence of lighter-colored subsoil beneath the desert surface, provide a vast writing pad that is suited to the artist who wants to leave his mark eternal.
（1）What can we know about the Nazca Lines from the first two paragraphs?
A. They were built as a big map.
B. They were formed by nature.
C. They are ancient lines in caves.
D. They are huge markings in a desert
（2）How many factors make the Nazca Lines the most impressive?
A. One.
B. Two.
C. Three.
D. Four.
（3）Why are the Nazca Lines well preserved?
A. Because of the wind at ground level.
B. Because of the existence of soft soil.
C. Because of the climate and geography.
D. Because of the thick sand on the top.
（4）What does the underlined word “eternal” probably mean?
A. Non-stop.
B. Ever-lasting.
C. Real-life.
D. High-end.
【答案】（1）D
（2）D
（3）C
（4）B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了出现在秘鲁南部Nazca沙漠的大型古代地画The Nazca Lines，其神奇之处及形成原因。

(1)考查细节理解。

根据第一段中的“The Nazca Lines are a series of large ancient geoglyphs (地画) in the Nazca Desert, in southern Peru.”及对The Nazca Lines图案和发现过程的具体介绍，可知the Nazca Lines是出现在秘鲁南部Nazca沙漠的大型古代地画，故选D。

(2)考查细节理解。

根据第二段中的“Who built th em and what was their purpose? Are they roads, star pointers，maybe even a gigantic map? If the people who lived here 2,000 years ago had only a simple technology, how did they manage to construct such precise figures? Did they have a plan?”四方面使人迷惑的问题，可知这四个因素使the Nazca Lines更独特更使人们难
忘，故选D。

(3)考查推理判断。

根据最后一段中的“The Nazca plain is unique for its ability to preserve the markings upon it, due to the combination of the climate and the flat, stony ground which minimizes the effect of the wind at ground level.”可知因为这里干燥少雨的气候和平坦多石的地形使地画能很好的被保留，故选C。

(4)考查词义猜测。

最后一句指这些因素，加上沙漠表面下浅色地下土壤的存在，给那些想要永久留下印记的艺术家提供了一个巨大的书写板。

“eternal”永恒的，和Ever-lasting同义，故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和词义猜测三个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并进一步根据上下文进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，选出正确答案。

4．阅读理解
The year 3700, Earth is far too hot for any human to call it home. On this planet at least, man is nothing more than a memory--if there is anything left to remember the "wise man". But what about our wisdom--will any of it survive us?
The conventional answer is no. Knowledge requires a knower, and there will be no knowing minds around then. But if information survives, perhaps in books or hard drives, maybe the knowledge isn't quite dead but dormant(休眠), ready to become alive with the help of other minds that develop over time or come to visit Earth in the distant future.
At first sight, that seems to be reasonable: after all, we have done similar things with past knowledge. For example, we saved an ancient computer from a ship destroyed at sea off the southern coast of Greece, and succeeded in finding the meaning of Egyptian hieroglyphics(象形文字). Careful work can bring previously lost wisdom back to life.
However, the key point is that there is a certain cultural continuity with those ancient times that allows us to reason and make progress in the dark: we know we are dealing with the legacy(遗产)of other humans. Without that link, the survival of objects and raw data doesn't guarantee the survival of knowledge. And a lack of continuity in language with any future intelligence would be a barrier. Knowledge is closely connected with language. When a language dies out, we can lose systems of reasoning that they contain. If that's lost, then it can't be recovered.
All this means that other minds might not be able to fully make human knowledge alive when we are gone. It is better to concentrate on not dying out in the first place.
（1）How many opinions are mentioned in Para.2?
A. One.
B. Two.
C. Three.
D. Four.
（2）What does the underlined phrase "similar things" in Para 3 probably refer to?
A. Making lost wisdom alive again.
B. Rescuing disappearing knowledge.
C. Preserving future knowledge.
D. Gaining new knowledge.
（3）How can we make knowledge survive?
A. We know a lot about human beings.
B. We learn ways to draw conclusions.
C. We have a certain cultural continuity.
D. We protect the legacy of other humans.
（4）What's mainly talked about in the text?
A. Can human beings live on?
B. Will our knowledge survive us?
C. What will the earth be like in the future?
D. How can we protect our culture?
【答案】（1）B
（2）A
（3）C
（4）B
【解析】【分析】本文讲述的是，我们的智慧将会幸存吗？
(1)推理判断题。

根据第二段Knowledge requires a knower, and there will be no knowing minds around then. But if information survives, perhaps in books or hard drives, maybe the knowledge isn't quite dead but dormant(休眠), ready to become alive with the help of other minds that develop over time or come to visit Earth in the distant future.可知，在第二段中提出了两种建议，故答案为B
(2)词义猜测题。

根据第三段中第二、三句For example, we saved an ancient computer from a ship destroyed at sea off the southern coast of Greece, and succeeded in finding the meaning of Egyptian hieroglyphics(象形文字). Careful work can bring previously lost wisdom back to life.通过例子说明，细心的工作可以将以前失去的智慧带回生活。

由此推知，上句At first sight, that seems to be reasonable: after all, we have done similar things with past knowledge.中划线部分的意思是，让失去的智慧活跃起来。

故选A。

(3)细节理解题。

根据第四段第一句However, the key point is that there is a certain cultural continuity with those ancient times that allows us to reason and make progress in the dark: we know we are dealing with the legacy(遗产)of other humans.可知，我们有一定的文化延续性能使知识幸存。

故选C。

(4)主旨大意题。

根据第一段The year 3700, Earth is far too hot for any human to call it home. On this planet at least, man is nothing more than a memory--if there is anything left to remember the "wise man". But what about our wisdom--will any of it survive us?可知，本文讲述的是，我们的智慧将会幸存吗？根据句意可知答案为B
【点评】考查阅读理解，涉及推理判断、猜测词义、细节理解、主旨大意题。

阅读时要注意作者说明事物采用的是什么方式。

例如：举例、分类还是对比。

无论采用什么方法，作者都是为了说明事物的本质特征，清晰地展现说明的事物。

理清了脉络，就能理解文章，抓住原文中的信息点，并且和选项进行同意转换。

5．阅读理解
"Our aim is to take our art to the world and make people understand what it is to move," said David Belle, the founder of parkour.
Do you love running? It is a good exercise, yet many people find it boring. But what if making your morning jog a creative one? Like jumping from walls and over gaps, and ground rolls? Just
like James Bond in the movie Casino Royale? Bond jumps down from a roof to a windowsill and then runs several blocks over obstacles on the way. It is just because of Bond's wonderful performances that the sport has become popular worldwide.
Yes, that's parkour, an extreme street sport aimed at moving from one point to another as quickly as possible, getting over all the barriers in the path using only the abilities of the human body. Parkour is considered an extreme sport. As its participants dash around a city, they may jump over fences, run up walls and even move from rooftop to rooftop.
Parkour can be just as exciting and charming as it sounds, but its participants see parkour much more than that.
Overcoming all the obstacles on the course and in life is part of the philosophy behind parkour. This is the same as life. You must determine your destination, go straight, jump over all the barriers as if in parkour and never fall back in your life, to reach the destination successfully. A parkour lover said, "I love parkour because its philosophy has become my life, my way to do everything."
Another philosophy we've learnt from parkour is freedom. It can be done by anyone, at any time, anywhere in the world. It is a kind of expression of trust in yourself.
（1）Parkour has become popular throughout the world because of .
A.its founder, David Belle
B.the varieties of participants
C.its risks and tricks
D.the film, Casino Royale
（2）The underlined word "obstacles" in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to " ".
A.streets
B.objects
C.roofs
D.barriers
（3）Which of the following is the philosophy of parkour?
A.Sports and extremes.
B.Determination and freedom.
C.Dreams and success.
D.Excitement and popularity.
（4）Which of the following is true of parkour?
A.It is a team sport.
B.It is a good but boring sport.
C.It needs special training.
D.It challenges human abilities.
【答案】（1）D
（2）D
（3）B
（4）D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了跑酷运动的起源、特点和此运动蕴含的哲
理。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第二段中的‘’Just like J ames Bond in the movie Casino Royale? Bond jumps down from a roof to a windowsill and then runs several blocks over obstacles on the way. It is just because of Bond's wonderful performances that the sport has become popular worldwide.”可知因为James Bond在电影Casino Royale中的精彩跑酷表演使得这项运动在全世界流行，故选D。

（2）考查词义猜测。

根据第三段中的“that's parkour, an extreme street sport aimed at moving from one point to another as quickly as possible, getting over all the barriers in the path using only the abilities of the human body.”可知跑酷的目的是尽可能快地从一个地方移动到另一个地方，利用人体的能力越过道路上的所有障碍。

画线部分over obstacles on the way.与getting over all the barriers in the path意思一致，指跨越路上的障碍。

obstacles与barriers同义，故选D。

（3）考查细节理解。

根据第五段中的“Overcoming all the obstacles on the course and in life is part of the philosophy behind parkour. This is the same as life. You must determine your destination, go straight, jump over all the barriers”可知跑酷蕴含的哲理是决心；第六段中的“Another philosophy we've learnt from parkour is freedom.”可知蕴含的另一个哲理是自由。

故选B。

（4）考查推理判断。

根据第三段中的“Parkour is considered an extreme sport.”；第四段中的“Parkour can be just as exciting and charming as it sounds.”可知跑酷是极限运动，像听起来那样刺激和迷人。

因此它挑战人类的能力。

故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。

6．阅读短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

There's a world of difference between a horror movie and a comedy—the former scares you half to death while the latter leaves you rolling on the floor with laughter. But try watching them without the background music and you just might decide they're not so different after all. Music and movies have been closely connected since the beginning of the film industry—even before the voices of actors were recorded. In movies, music helps to provide a sense of time and place, convey ideas about the characters and, most importantly, draw emotions out of the audience.
Studies have long shown that our heart rates and anxiety levels rise and fall depending on the speed of the music we hear. Using this knowledge, composers use sudden changes in film music speed to create fear among audiences. Slowing the speed of the music will have the opposite effect, bringing about a sense of peace or a dreamlike quality. The use of dissonant (不和谐的) tones and noises is another technique that heightens tension. Humans naturally become unnerved when we hear dissonant sounds because such noises are usually associated with danger, like those that animals make to warn against predators (捕食者).
As crucial as it is, the best film music is subtle. All that audiences are supposed to feel is a heightened sense of emotion—they shouldn't realize what's causing it. Only when the music is
taken out of the film should audiences understand its effects.
In keeping with this principle, some filmmakers are even using what's called "infrasound" (次声波) to arouse fear. While we may not be able to hear it because its frequency is below the range of the human ear, infrasound has been proven to cause anxiety, tremble and even sorrow. For example, infrasound was used in the soundtrack of the 2007 horror movie Paranormal Activity, and audiences reposed extremely high fear levels despite the 1ack of action throughout the movie. "It doesn't affect everyone equally," said British science writer Philip Ball, author of The Music Instinct, but he predicted that "we will see more of it used in movies in the future".
（1）What is the difference between a horror movie and a comedy?
A. Their history.
B. Their background music.
C. Their actors.
D. Their time and place.（2）What causes fear among audiences?
A. The theme of the music.
B. The slow speed of the tangle.
C. The knowledge of the music.
D. The unexpected change of the music.
（3）What does the underlined word "subtle" in the third paragraph mean?
A. Gentle
B. Wonderful
C. Not immediately obvious
D. Not extremely attractive （4）What do we know about "infrasound" from the last paragraph?
A. It can't be known to people.
B. It makes audiences relaxed.
C. It is within the range of the human ear.
D. It will be used more in movies in the future.
【答案】（1）B
（2）D
（3）C
（4）D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，电影和音乐的关系密切，音乐对于电影影响重大，作者说明了电影制作者如何用音乐来渲染气氛。

（1）考查推理判断。

根据第一段中的"But try watching them without the background music and you just might decide they're not so different after all."可知，但是试着在没有背景音乐的情况下看它们，你可能会觉得它们并没有什么不同。

所以通过反向推理，要是有了背景音乐，恐怖电影和喜剧电影就截然不同了。

故判断出恐怖电影和喜剧电影的区别在于他们的背景音乐。

故选B。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据第二段中的"Using this knowledge, composers use sudden changes in film music speed to create fear among audiences."可知，利用这一知识，作曲家利用电影音乐速度的突然变化在观众中制造恐惧。

所以音乐的突然变化会使观众恐惧。

故选D。

（3）考查词义猜测。

根据第三段中的"All that audiences are supposed to feel is a heightened sense of emotion—they shouldn't realize what's causing it. Only when the music is taken out of the film should audiences understand its effects."可知，观众应该感受到的只是一种强烈的情感——他们不应该意识到是什么导致了这种情感。

只有当音乐被从电影中删除时，观众才能理解它的影响。

所以这段在解释最好的电影音乐是不易被观众察觉的音乐。

也就是对"subtle"的解释。

故第三段加下划线的"subtle"一词是C选项“不明显的”。

故选C。

（4）考查细节理解。

根据最后一段中的"but he predicted that "we will see more of it used in movies in the future"可知，但他预测“我们将来会看到更多的电影会使用它”。

所以从最后一段可知，"infrasound"将在未来的电影中被更多地使用。

故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。

7．阅读理解
For all the pressures and rewards of regionalization (地区化) and globalization, local identities remain the most deeply impressed. Even if the end result of globalization is to make the world smaller, its scope seems to foster the need for more private local connections among many individuals. As Bernard Poignant, mayor of the town of Quimper in Brittany, told the Washington Post, "Man is a fragile animal and he needs his close attachments. The more open the world becomes, the more ties there will be to one's roots and one's land."
In most communities, local languages such as Poignant's Breton serve a strong symbolic function as a clear mark of "authenticity (原真性)". The sum total of a community's shared historical experience, authenticity reflects a noticeable line from a culturally idealized past to the present, carried by the language and traditions associated with the community's origins. A concern for authenticity leads most secular (世俗的) Israelis to defend Hebrew among themselves while also acquiring English and even Arabic. The same obsession with authenticity drives Hasidic Jews in Israel or the Diaspora to champion Yiddish while also learning Hebrew and English. In each case, authenticity amounts to a central core of cultural beliefs and interpretations that are not only resistant to globalization but also are actually reinforced by the "threat" that globalization seems to present to these historical values. Scholars may argue that cultural identities change over time in response to specific reward systems. But locals often resist such explanation and defend authenticity and local mother tongues against the perceived threat of globalization with near religious eagerness.
As a result, never before in history have there been as many standardized languages as there are today: roughly 1,200. Many smaller languages, even those with far fewer than one million speakers, have benefited from state-sponsored or voluntary preservation movements. On the most informal level, communities in Alaska and the American northwest have formed Internet discussion groups in an attempt to pass on Native American languages to younger generations. In the Basque, Catalan, and Galician regions of Spain, such movements are fiercely political and frequently involved loyal resistance to the Spanish government over political and linguistic rights. Projects have ranged from a campaign to print Spanish money in the four official languages of the state to the creation of language immersion nursery and primary schools. Zapatistas in Mexico are championing the revival of Mayan languages in an equally political campaign for local autonomy.
In addition to causing the feeling of the subjective importance of local roots, supporters of local languages defend their continued use on practical grounds. Local tongues foster higher levels of school success, higher degrees of participation in local government, more informed citizenship,
and better knowledge of one's own culture, history, and faith. Government and relief agencies can also use local languages to spread information about industrial and agricultural techniques as well as modern health care to diverse audiences. Development workers in West Africa, for example, have found that the best way to teach the vast number of farmers with little or no formal education how to sow and rotate crops for higher yields is in these local tongues. Nevertheless, both regionalization and globalization require that more and more speakers of local languages be multi-literate.
（1）In paragraph 1, the author quoted a mayor's word to show that globalization ________.
A. strengthens local identities
B. weakens regionalization
C. strengthens individualism
D. weakens local attachments
（2）The influence of globalization on authenticity is that it ________.
A. weakens the authority of authenticity
B. prevents the development of authenticity
C. enhances the importance of authenticity
D. promotes the maturity of authenticity
（3）In terms of campaigns for language protection, America differs from Spain and Mexico in that ______.
A. its volunteers have enough sponsorship from the state.
B. its locals are not interested in finding native Americans.
C. its youths are eager to pass on the local traditions.
D. its movements are not political.
（4）Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A. Practically, local languages are less used than English.
B. Local languages are more important in daily life.
C. The smaller the world is, the more united the locals are.
D. The relation between localization and globalization is double-win.
【答案】（1）A
（2）C
（3）D
（4）A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，对于区域化和全球化的所有压力及其回报来说，本地的认同还是最关键的。

即使全球化的最终结果是促使世界变小了，这一能力依然促进了
众多个体最初在本土相连的需求。

世界越是变得开放，其本源与本土的连接就会越紧密。

文章列举了当地文化的现状及各国采取的保护措施。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第一段得知，作者用引用的句子是为了说明全球化让世界越变
越小，但它也促使个体之间更加亲密，增加了地方认同。

故选A。

（2）考查推理判断。

根据第二段中的“In each case, authenticity amounts to a central core of cultural beliefs and interpretations that are not only resistant to globalization but also are actually reinforced by the "threat" that globalization seems to present to these historical values.”可知，全球化对真实性的影响是增强了真实性的重要性。

故选C。

（3）考查细节理解。

根据第三段中的“communities in Alaska and the American northwest have formed Internet discussion groups in an attempt to pass on Native American languages to
younger generations.”阿拉斯加和美国西北部的社区已经形成了互联网讨论会来保护语言，而西班牙和墨西哥通过政治活动保护语言。

故选D。

（4）考查细节理解。

根据最后一段可知，地方语言的众多用处，但并没有明确比较地方语言和英语在实际应用方面孰多孰少。

A项表述错误。

故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

8．阅读理解
On the banks of Tanzania's Lake Eyasi lives the world's last hunter-gatherer tribe (部落) — the Hadza. They don't grow food, raise animals or build houses. Instead they live a life unchanged for more than ten thousand years.
Their world is one of complete freedom — something modern society can barely imagine and is unlikely to ever experience, let alone have the skills to stay alive. Text messages and phone calls don't exist. Nor do cars and electricity. No jobs, timetables, and social structures. No laws, taxes and unbelievably, no money —the closest thing to currency (交易) is the trade for a pair of shorts with a neighboring tribe.
We spent our time with the Hadza hunting baboons (狒狒), a daily activity for the men. Their land is packed with sharp bushes, poisonous snakes and man-eating lions. But a successful hunting trip is the difference between eating or going hungry.
The Hadza diet consists mainly of honey, fruit and meat. Men often hunt in pairs to shoot animals with bows and arrows. The Hadza show us how to track animals, from baboons to snakes to lions. They are hugely skilled with their handmade bows and arrows —we have a go and barely get the arrow to go three feet in front of us.
The language of the Hadza is believed to be the oldest still-spoken language known to man. The Hadza don't have conflict, and have no memory of starvation. Their population never reaches numbers that cannot be supported through hunting or gathering. They never get from their land more than they need.
Unlike modern-day office workers, the Hadza enjoy an extraordinary amount of free time. Their “work” —hunting for food —takes up around five hours of their day. They've been in such a state of peaceful existence for thousands of years.
（1）We can learn from the text that the Hadza_______.
A. lead a very simple life
B. live on traditional agriculture
C. have their own system of currency
D. show a lot of interest in new technology
（2）Which of the following can describe the Hadza's environment?
A. Stressful.
B. Comfortable.
C. Exciting.
D. Dangerous.
（3）The relationship between the Hadza and nature_______.
A. is going wrong
B. is full of conflict
C. is in perfect harmony
D. is changing all the time
（4）Why does the author come to visit the Hadza?
A. To study their native language.
B. To get to know their way of life.
C. To learn survival skills from them.
D. To persuade them to protect animals.。