2023年高考英语全国乙卷 a篇深度解析

2023年高考英语全国乙卷a篇深度解析
第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分 40分)
第一节(共15 小题；每小题2分，满分30 分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A
A. Doing teaching jobs.
B. Being hired as physicians.
C. Performing surgery.
D. Being banned from medicine.
22. How was Tan Yunxian different from the other practitioners?
A. She wrote a book.
B. She went through trials.
C. She worked as a dentist.
D. She had formal education.
23. Who was the first African American with a medical degree?
A. Jacqueline Felice de Almania.
B. Tan Yunxian.
C. James Barry.
D. Rebecca Lee Crumpler.
[语篇导读]本文是一篇应用文，介绍了中外历史上四位杰出的女性医生，她们在当时都受到不同程度和不同形式的歧视，但她们克服重重困难，为人类健康事业做出了自己的贡献，歌颂了女性的伟大。

[参考答案] 21. C 22. A 23. D
[参考答案及解析]
21. C 事实细节题。

[问题理解] What did Jacqueline and James have in common?
杰奎琳和詹姆斯有什么共同之处？
A. Doing teaching jobs. 从事教学工作。

B. Being hired as physicians. 被聘为医生。

C. Performing surgery. 做（外科）手术。

D. Being banned from medicine. 被禁止行医。

[解析] 根据题干What did Jacqueline and James have in common? 定位解题信息在Jacqueline Felice de Almania一栏和James Barry一栏；根据Jacqueline Felice de Almania一栏she worked as a physician and performed surgery performed surgery （她当过医生，做过外科手术）和James Barry一栏She qualified as a surgeon in 1813（她于1813年取得外科医生资格），可知，Jacqueline和James的共同点是都是外科医生，C. Performing surgery. （做外科手术。

）故选C
22. A 事实细节题。

[问题理解] How was Tan Yunxian different from the other practitioners?
谈允贤与其他从业者有何不同？
A. She wrote a book. 她写了一本书。

B. She went through trials. 她经历了种种考验/她经历了(法院的)审判。

C. She worked as a dentist. 她当过牙医。

D. She had formal education. 她受过正规教育。

[解析] 根据题干How was Tan Yunxian different from the other practitioners?定位解题信息在Tan Yunxian一栏；根据Tan Yunxian一栏In 1511, Tan wrote a book, Sayings of a Female Doctor, describing her life as a physician. （在公元1511年，谈允贤写了一本名为《女医杂言》的书，描述她作为医生的生活。

）其它三位女医生的介绍中未提及撰写医学著作相关内容；A. She wrote a book. （她写了一本书。

）故选A
23. D事实细节题。

[问题理解] Who was the first African American with a medical degree?
谁是第一个拥有医学学位的非洲裔美国人？
A. Jacqueline Felice de Almania. 杰奎琳·菲莉斯·德·阿尔曼尼亚。

B. Tan Yunxian. 谈允贤。

C. James Barry. 詹姆斯·巴里
D. Rebecca Lee Crumpler. 瑞贝卡·李·克伦普勒
[解析] 根据题干中the first African American with a medical degree定位解题信息在Rebecca Lee Crumpler一栏，Four years later, she was the first African American woman to receive a medical degree. （四年后，她成为首位获得医学学位的非洲裔美国妇女。

）可知，Rebecca Lee Crumpler was the first African American with a medical degree. （瑞贝卡·李·克伦普勒是第一位获得医学学位的非洲裔美国女性。

）故选D
[单词与短语注释]
practice medicine行医
women practicing medicine行医的女性
the suspicion that women practicing medicine faced 行医的女性面临的怀疑
highlight vt. 突出; 强调; 使醒目; 挑染(将部分头发染成浅色); 将(文本的某部分)用彩笔做标记suspicion n. 怀疑; 猜疑; 嫌疑; 看法; 感觉; 不放心; 少许
highlight the suspicion that women practicing medicine faced 凸显了行医女性面临的怀疑born to a Jewish family in Florence 出生在佛罗伦萨的一个犹太家庭
physician n. 医师；(尤指)内科医生。

physician受过全面且严格的医学培训，并且在医疗领域中有一定的资格和资质参与治疗和诊断活动。

work as a physician做医生
perform surgery施行外科手术
try sb. for sth. 因某事物控告或谴责某人
be tried for practicing unlawfully因非法行医而受审(被审判)
in spite of 尽管
testimonial n. 推荐信; 奖状; 感谢信; 介绍信; 证明信
testimonials of her ability as a doctor对她医生能力的证明
the court hearing testimonials of her ability as a doctor 法庭听取了对她医生能力的证明
be banned from sth.被禁止做某事
be banned from medicine 被禁止行医
be dressed as a man 女扮男装
be accepted by Edinburgh University被爱丁堡大学录取
be accepted by Edinburgh University to study medicine被爱丁堡大学录取，学习医学
qualify v. (使)合格; 符合; 有权，使有权(做某事); 具有资格; 达标; 取得资格(或学历) qualify as a surgeon取得外科医生资格
serve overseas 在海外服役
profession n.（尤指法学、医学等需要专业知识或专门训练的）职业
her entire medical profession她的整个医疗生涯
practice her entire medical profession living and working as a man
她的整个医疗生涯都是以男性身份生活和工作
apprenticeship n. 学徒身份；学徒期；实习
serve apprenticeship 当学徒
all walks of life 各行各业
women from all walks of life (来自)各行各业的女性
treat vt. 对待；看待;对待；处理；治疗；医治；款待
treat women from all walks of life 医治各行各业的女性
describe her life as a physician 描述她作为医生的生活
work as a nurse 当护士
work as a nurse for eight years当了八年护士
study in medical college在医学院学习
before studying in medical college in Boston in 1860 在1860年进入波士顿医学院学习之前
four years later 四年后
the first African American woman 第一位非洲裔美国女性
receive a medical degree 获得医学学位
the first African American woman to receive a medical degree第一位获得医学学位的非洲裔美国女性provid medical care to freed slaves为获得自由的奴隶提供医疗服务
[参考译文]
从业人员。