金融英语(术语)
inflation通货膨胀
deflation通货紧缩
tighter credit紧缩信贷
monetary policy货币政策
foreign exchange外汇
spot transaction即期交易
forward transaction远期交易
option forward transaction择期交易
s调期交易
quote报价
settlment and delivery交割
Treasury bond财政部公债
current-account经常项目
pickup in rice物价上涨
Federal Reserve美联储
buying rate买入价
selling rate卖出价
spread差幅
contract合同
at par平价
premium升水
discount贴水
direct quoation method直接报价法
indirect quoation method间接报价法
dividend股息
domestic currency本币
floating rate浮动利率
parent company母公司
credit swap互惠贷款
venture capital风险资本
book value帐面价值
physical capital实际资本
IPO(initial public offering)新股首发；首次公开发行job machine就业市场
welfare capitalism福利资本主义
collective market cap市场资本总值
glolbal corporation跨国公司
transnational status跨国优势
transfer price转让价格
consolidation兼并
leverage杠杆
financial turmoil/meltdown金融危机
bankruptcy申请破产
bailout救助
take over收购
buy out购买(某人的)产权或全部货物
go under破产
take a nosedive（股市）大跌
tumble下跌
falter摇摇欲坠
on the hook被套住
shore up confidence提振市场信心
stave off挡开,避开,
liquidate assets资产清算
at fire sale prices超低价
sell-off证券的跌价
reserve储备
note票据
discount贴现
circulate流通
central bank中央银行
the Federal Reserve System联邦储备系统credit union信用合作社
paper currency纸币
credit creation信用创造
branch banking银行分行制
unit banking单一银行制
out of circulation退出流通
capital stock股本
at par以票面价值计
electronic banking电子银行
banking holding company公司银行
the gold standard金本位
the Federal Reserve Board联邦储备委员会the stock market crash股市风暴
reserve ratio准备金比率
division of labor劳动分工
commodity money商品货币
legal tender法定货币
fiat money法定通货
a medium of exchange交换媒介
legal sanction法律制裁
face value面值
liquid assets流动资产
illiquidl assets非流动资产
the liquidity scale流动性指标
real estate不动产
checking accounts,demand deposit,checkable deposit活期存款time deposit定期存款
negotiable order of withdrawal accounts大额可转让提款单money market mutual funds货币市场互助基金
repurchase agreements回购协议
certificate of deposits存单
bond债券
stock股票
travelers'checks旅行支票
small-denomination time deposits小额定期存款
large-denomination time deposits大额定期存款
bank overnight repurchase agreements银行隔夜回购协议
bank long-term repurchase agreements银行长期回购协议
thrift institutions存款机构
financial institution金融机构
commercial banks商业银行
a means of payment支付手段
a store of value储藏手段
a standard of value价值标准
deficit亏损
roll展期
wholesale批发
default不履约
auction拍卖
collateralize担保
markup价格的涨幅
dealer交易员
broker经纪人
pension funds养老基金
face amount面值
commerical paper商业票据
banker's acceptance银行承兑汇票
Fed fund联邦基金
eurodollar欧洲美元
treasury bills国库券
floating-rate浮动比率
fixed-rate固定比率
default risk拖欠风险
credit rating信誉级别
tax collection税收
money market货币市场
capital market资本市场
original maturity原始到期期限
surplus funds过剩基金
syndication辛迪加underwrite包销，认购hedge对冲买卖、套期保值innovation到期交易spread利差principal本金swap掉期交易eurobond market 欧洲债券市场euronote欧洲票据Federal Reserve Bank (FRB)联邦储备银行unsecured credit无担保贷款fixed term time deposit定期支付存款lead bank牵头银行neogotiable time deposit议付定期存款inter-bank money market银行同业货币市场medium term loan 中期贷款syndicated credit银团贷款merchant bank商业银行portfolio management 有价债券管理lease financing租赁融资note issurance facility票据发行安排bearer note不记名票价underwriting facility包销安排floating-rate note 浮动利率票据bond holder债券持持有者London Interbank Offered Rate(LIBOR)伦敦同业优惠利率back-up credit line备用信贷额promissory note(P.N..p/n)本票revolving cerdit 循环信用证，即revolving letter of credit non interest-bearing reserves无息储备金interest rate controls 利率管制interest rate ceiling 利率上限interest rate floor 利率下限
破产insolvency 有偿还债务能力的solvent 合同contract 汇率exchange rate 私营部门private sector 财政管理机构fiscal authorities
宽松的财政政策slack fiscal policy 税法tax bill 财政public finance 财政部the Ministry of Finance 平衡预算balanced budget 继承税inheritance tax 货币主义者monetariest 增值税VAT (value added tax) 收入revenue 总需求aggregate demand 货币化monetization 赤字deficit 经济不景气recession a period when the economy of a country is not successful, business conditions are bad, industrial production and trade are at a low level and there is a lot of unemployment 经济好转turnabout 复苏recovery 成本推进型cost push 货币供应money supply 生产率productivity 劳动力labor force 实际工资real wages 成本推进式通货膨胀cost-push inflation 需求拉动式通货膨胀demand-pull inflation 双位数通货膨胀double- digit inflation 极度通货膨胀hyperinflation 长期通货膨胀chronic inflation 治理通货膨胀to fight inflation 最终目标ultimate goal 坏的影响adverse effect 担保ensure 贴现discount 萧条的sluggish 认购subscribe to 支票帐户checking account 货币控制工具instruments of monetry control 借据IOUs(I owe you) 本票promissory notes 货币总监controller of the currency 拖收系统collection system 支票清算或结算check clearing 资金划拨transfer of funds
可以相信的证明credentials 改革fashion 被缠住entangled 货币联盟Monetary Union 再购协议repo 精明的讨价还价交易horse-trading 欧元euro 公共债务membership criteria 汇率机制REM 储备货币reserve currency 劳动密集型labor-intensive 股票交易所bourse 竞争领先frontrun 牛市bull market 非凡的牛市 a raging bull 规模经济scale economcies 买方出价与卖方要价之间的差价bid-ask spreads 期货（股票）futures 经济商行brokerage firm 回报率rate of return 股票equities 违约default 现金外流cash drains 经济人佣金brokerage fee 存款单CD(certificate of deposit) 营业额turnover 资本市场capital market 布雷顿森林体系The Bretton Woods System 经常帐户current account 套利者arbitrager 远期汇率forward exchange rate 即期汇率spot rate 实际利率real interest rates 货币政策工具tools of monetary policy 银行倒闭bank failures 跨国公司MNC ( Multi-National Corporation) 商业银行commercial bank 商业票据comercial paper 利润profit 本票，期票promissory notes 监督to monitor 佣金（经济人）commission brokers 套期保值hedge 有价证券平衡理论portfolio balance theory
外汇储备foreign exchange reserves 固定汇率fixed exchange rate 浮动汇率floating/flexible exchange rate 货币选择权（期货）currency option 套利arbitrage 合约价exercise price 远期升水forward premium 多头买升buying long 空头卖跌selling short 按市价订购股票market order 股票经纪人stockbroker 国际货币基金the IMF 七国集团the G-7 监督surveillance 同业拆借市场interbank market 可兑换性convertibility 软通货soft currency 限制restriction 交易transaction 充分需求adequate demand 短期外债short term external debt 汇率机制exchange rate regime 直接标价direct quotes 资本流动性mobility of capital 赤字deficit 本国货币domestic currency 外汇交易市场foreign exchange market 国际储备international reserve 利率interest rate 资产assets 国际收支balance of payments 贸易差额balance of trade 繁荣boom 债券bond 资本captial 资本支出captial expenditures 商品commodities 商品交易所commodity exchange 期货合同commodity futures contract 普通股票common stock 联合大企业conglomerate 货币贬值currency devaluation 通货紧缩deflation 折旧depreciation
贴现率discount rate 归个人支配的收入disposable personal income 从业人员employed person 汇率exchange rate 财政年度fiscal year 自由企业free enterprise 国民生产总值gross antional product 库存inventory 劳动力人数labor force 债务liabilities 市场经济market economy 合并merger 货币收入money income 跨国公司Multinational Corproation 个人收入personal income 优先股票preferred stock 价格收益比率price-earning ratio 优惠贷款利率prime rate 利润profit 回报return on investment 使货币升值revaluation 薪水salary 季节性调整seasonal adjustment 关税tariff 失业人员unemployed person 效用utility 价值value 工资wages 工资价格螺旋上升wage-price spiral 收益yield 补偿贸易compensatory trade, compensated deal 储蓄银行saving banks 欧洲联盟the European Union 单一的实体 a single entity 抵押贷款mortgage lending 业主产权owner's equity 普通股common stock 无形资产intangible assets 收益表income statement 营业开支operating expenses 行政开支administrative expenses 现金收支一览表statement of cash flow 贸易中的存货inventory 收益proceeds
投资银行investment bank 机构投资者institutional investor 垄断兼并委员会MMC 招标发行issue by tender 定向发行introduction 代销offer for sale 直销placing 公开发行public issue 信贷额度credit line 国际债券international bonds 欧洲货币Eurocurrency 利差interest margin 以所借的钱作抵押所获之贷款leveraged loan 权利股发行rights issues 净收入比例结合 net income gearing
证券行业词汇
share, equity, stock股票、股权; bond, debenture, debts 债券;
negotiable share 可流通股份;
convertible bond 可转换债券;
treasury/government bond 国库券/政府债券;
corporate bond 企业债券;
closed-end securities investment fund 封闭式证券投资基金;
open-end securities investment fund 开放式证券投资基金;
fund manager 基金经理/管理公司;
fund custodian bank 基金托管银行;
market capitalization 市值;
p/e ratio 市盈率;(price/earning)
mark-to-market 逐日盯市;
payment versus delivery 银券交付;
clearing and settlement 清算/结算;
commodity/financial derivatives 商品/金融衍生产品;
put / call option 看跌/看涨期权;
margins, collateral 保证金;
rights issue/offering 配股;
bonus share 红股;
dividend 红利/股息;
ADR 美国存托凭证/存股证;(American Depository Receipt)
GDR 全球存托凭证/存股证;(Global Depository Receipt)
retail/private investor 个人投资者/散户;
institutional investor 机构投资者;
broker/dealer 券商;
proprietary trading 自营;
insider trading/dealing 内幕交易;
market manipulation 市场操纵;
prospectus 招股说明书;
IPO 新股/初始公开发行;(Initial Public Offering)
merger and acquisition 收购兼并。
会计与银行业务用语 (汇总)
汇款用语汇款||寄钱to remit||to send money 寄票供取款||支票支付to send a cheque for payment 寄款人 a remitter 收款人 a remittee
汇票汇单用语国外汇票foreign Bill 国内汇票inland Bill 跟单汇票documentary bill 空头汇票accommodation bill 原始汇票original bill 改写||换新票据renewed bill 即期汇票sight bill||bill on demand ... days after date||... days' after date ... 日后付款... months after date||... months' after date ... 月后付款见票后... 日付款... days' after sight||... days' sight
见票后... 月付款... months' after sight||... months' sight 同组票据set of bills 单张汇票sola of exchange||sole of exchange 远期汇票usance bill||bill at usance 长期汇票long bill 短期汇票short bill 逾期汇票overdue bill 宽限日期days of grace 电汇telegraphic transfer (T.T) 邮汇 postal order||postal note (Am.)||post office order||money order 本票promissory note (P/N) 押汇负责书||押汇保证书letter of hypothecation 副保||抵押品||付属担保物collateral security 担保书trust receipt||letter of indemnity 承兑||认付acceptance 单张承兑general acceptance 有条件承兑qualified acceptance 附条件认付conditional acceptance 部分认付partial acceptance 拒付||退票dishonour 拒绝承兑而退票dishonour by non-acceptance 由于存款不足而退票dihonour by non-payment 提交presentation 背书endorsement||indorsement 无记名背书general endorsement||blank endorsement 记名式背书special endorsement||full endorsement 附条件背书conditional endorsement 限制性背书restrictive endorsement 无追索权背书endorsement without recourse 期满||到期maturity 托收collection 新汇票||再兑换汇票re-exchange||re-draft 外汇交易exchange dealing||exchange deals 汇兑合约exchange contract 汇兑合约预约forward exchange contract 外汇行情exchange quotation 交易行情表course of exchange||exchange table 汇价||兑换率exchange rate||rate of exchange 官方汇率official rate 挂牌汇率||名义汇率nominal rate 现汇汇率spot rate 电汇汇率||电汇率|| T.T. rate||telegraphic transfer rate 兑现率||兑现汇率demand rate 长期汇率long rate
私人汇票折扣率rate on a private bill 远期汇票兑换率forward rate 套价||套汇汇率||裁定外汇行情cross rate 付款汇率pence rate 当日汇率||成交价currency rate 套汇||套价||公断交易率arbitrage 汇票交割||汇票议付negotiation of draft 交易人||议付人negotiator 票据交割||让与支票票据议付to negotiatie a bill 折扣交割||票据折扣to discount a bill 票据背书to endorse a bill 应付我差额51,000美元 a balance due to us of $51,000||a balance in our favour of $ 51,000 收到汇款to receive remittance 填写收据to make out a receipt
付款用语付款方法mode of payment 现金付款payment by cash||cash payment||payment by ready cash 以支票支付payment by cheque 以汇票支付payment by bill 以物品支付payment in kind 付清||支付全部货款payment in full||full payment 支付部分货款||分批付款 payment in part||part payment||partial payment 记帐付款||会计帐目内付款payment on account 定期付款payment on term 年分期付款annual payment 月分期付款monthly payment||monthly instalment 延滞付款payment in arrear 预付货||先付payment in advance||prepayment 延付货款deferred payment 立即付款prompt payment||immediate payment 暂付款suspense payment 延期付款delay in payment||extension of payment 支付票据payment bill 名誉支付||干与付款payment for honour||payment by intervention 结帐||清算||支付settlement 分期付款instalment 滞付||拖欠||尾数款未付arrears 特许拖延付款日days of grace 保证付款del credere 付款to pay||to make payment||to make effect payment 结帐to settle||to make settlement||to make effect settlement||to square||to balance