5. 专题五 介词及介词短语
安徽省2020届中考英语复习题型突破专题及参考答案：介词和介词短语
专题五介词和介词短语
1.掌握时间介词的用法和区别,熟练运用时间介词on,in,at等;
2.掌握地点、方位介词的用法和区别;
3.掌握表示方式、手段和工具的介词的基本用法及区别;
4.准确区分易混淆介词和介词短语,并能在具体语境中灵活运用。
安徽中考近几年对介词的考查主要是介词辨析及介词短语辨析,每年至少设置一道题。
单项填空设题多以单句形式为主,内容涉及家庭生活、学校生活等与考生有关的各个方面。
预测安徽中考对介词的考查仍会以介词辨析和介词短语辨析为主。
名师考点精讲学思结合高效突破
常见时间介词辨析
1.in,on和at
介用法举例
2.in,after和before
3.by和until/till
4.其他常见时间介词
常见方位介词辨析1.at,in,on和to
at 表示“在(小地方)”或“在……附近,
旁边”。
(如图: )
at the door
at the airport
at the station
at Park Street
in 表示“在(大地方)”或“在……范围
之内”。
(如图: )
in China
in the north
表示A地属于B地。
(如图: )
Hainan lies in the south of China.
中国的一部分
on
表示A地不属于B地,但AB两地接壤。
(如图: ) Hunan Province lies on the west of Jiangxi Province.西边。
to 表示“在……范围之外”,即A、B两地
不接壤。
(如图: )
Japan lies to the east of China.
2021年安徽中考英语语法专题训练：专题(05) 介词和介词短语
专题(五)介词和介词短语
考点自测
安徽真题
1.[2019·38]On sunny days, my grandma often reads a novel the window.
A.by
B.for
C.with
D.from
2.[2018·36]Our class are much sure to win the basketball game Class Three.
A.of
B.in
C.against
D.from
3.[2016·36]Many wild animals are , and it’s time for us to do whatever we can to protect them.
A.on duty
B.on show
C.in order
D.in danger
4.[2015·33]The Dragon Boat Festival this year will come four days.
A.after
B.for
C.during
D.in
5.[2014·32] the exam, we’ll say good-bye to our dear teachers, classmates as well as our beautiful school.
A.In
B.For
C.After
D.Through
6.[2013·37]Mrs. King put a coat the sleeping girl to keep her warm.
A.over
B.with
C.behind
D.beside
【2013中考夺分】专题五介词和介词短语
语法互动(五)
介词和介词短语
• Is there any bridge ______ the river? over • 河上有桥吗？ • 6．above • above表示一般的“高于……，在……之上”。如： • There is an electric clock ______ his bed. above • 他床的上方有一个电子钟。 • 7．under • under是over的反义词，即“在……正下方”。如： • They were seen ______ the tree. under • 有人看到他们在树下。
语法互动(五)
介词和介词短语
• Don't sit between the two girls. • 不要坐在这两个女孩中间。 • What does Hobo do between meals? • Hobo餐间都干什么？ • (2)among 表示“在……当中(三者或以上)”。如： • They lived among the mountains in the past. • 过去他们住在山里。
语法互动(五)
介词和介词短语
• 以……为骄傲 be proud of • 对……感到厌烦 be tired of • 为……感到可惜，对……表示懊悔 be sorry for • 赶上 catch up with • 依靠 depend on • 在……方面做得好 do well in • 充满，装满 fill with • 与……相处 ________________ get on/along with • 听说 __________ hear of • 收到……的来信 _______________ hear from • 在某方面帮助某人 help sb with
【ZKW】英语命题研究(怀化)中考英语语法专题突破：专题五介词和介词短语
专题五介词和介词短语
,怀化五年中考命题规律及趋势
介词是怀化中考单项选择的必考点，主要考查表方式的介词by，同时也注意on的基本用法，如on表时间、方位、方向等，同时涉及on与其他介词的辨析，如in，at，of，by等；还注重about的用法，
设题形式多为简单句，以两个分句居多，词数为9～12。
另外，完形填空中也会涉及介词或介词短语的辨析，如动词＋介词类的went into /took it off/ fell down。此外在短文填词中，也涉及到了介词短语，如a lot of /in front of/ at the end of等。
预计2016年怀化中考的单项选择仍会与2015年保持一致，对介词考查不会有太大变化。
,怀化中考重难点突破
介词
【考点抢测】
( )1.—Maybe you should call him up.
—But I don't want to talk with him ______ the phone.
A．on B．at C．in
( )2.In America，people start celebrating the New Year ________ December 31st.
A．in B．at C．on
( )3.Lisa was born on May 1st，and my birthday is also ________ that month.
A．over B．in C．on
( )4.(2015娄底中考模拟)Most of my classmates go to school ______ bike.
专题五 介词和介词短语
专题五介词和介词短语贵阳五年中考命题规律及趋势
考纲要求介词和介词短
语
考查点年份题号考查角度选项设置分值介词辨析
2015
34 时间介词in/on/at1分
68 时间介词during/after/be
fore
1分
201439 时间介词in/at/on1分
201232 with表达式with/under/wit
hout 1分
201157 时间介词ago/before/late
r
1分固定搭配
2016
41 固定搭配
is in control
of/is
responsible
for/is__known
__for
1分
65 固定搭配
put up/turn
down/cut__off1分
92 介词短语are__thirsty__
for1分
95 介词短语according to 1分2013
68 固定搭配talk__with/tal
k about/talk
aloud
1分
88 固定搭配for/in→for 1分2012
38 固定搭配
turn on/turn
down/turn__of
f
1分
42 介词短语fix__up/set
up/put up 1分
58 介词短语
fell
off/fell__into/f
ell down
1分
70 介词短语
got in/got
on/got__out1分
介词是贵阳中考单项选择的必考点，主要考查介词的固定搭配，如：write with(用……写)，at age＋数字(在……岁时)，be different from(不同于……)。同时也注重on的基本用法，如：on表时间、方位、方向等，同时
2020年英语中考语法复习5. 专题五 介词和介词短语
Come and sit beside me. 过来坐在我旁边。
专题五 介词和介词短语
返回目录
介词
含义及用法
举例
中
考
试
在……的上方，表示两者 The plane is flying above the clouds.飞
练
above
不接触，不一定垂直
机在云层上飞行。
在……对面
满
across
分
突
(2012.73)
below
在……的下方，表示两 The coat reaches below the knees.这件大衣
者不一定垂直
盖过膝盖。
满
分
突
behind 在……后面
破
The pay phone is behind the library.那个公 用电话在图书馆后面。【七(上)Unit 8 P44】
专题五 介词和介词短语
天的上午、下午、晚上前 in summer 在夏天
in the morning 在早上
满
at 6:00在六点
分
突
用于具体的时间点前或黎 at noon在正午
破
at
明、正午、黄昏、午夜前 at dusk在黄昏
at night在晚上
专题五 介词和介词短语
返回目录
中
第02篇 语法专题05 介词和介词短语
考
专
me then.
练
A.on
B.in
C.at
D.to
语 法
2.[2018·徐州]—What are you doing?
专
—I'm looking C the kids. They should be back for dinner now.
题
训
A.after
B.at
练
C.for
D.up
3.[2017·徐州]A bird flew into the kitchen C the window.
时间段,多用于过去时
I will go to school after seven o'clock. 我将在7点之后去上学。
Uncle Tom finished school after three years. 汤姆叔叔3年后毕业了。
词条
用法
举例
by+时间点(表过去),常 By 2019, I had worked there for ten years.
in the 21st century 在21世纪 in 2020 在2020年
泛指在上午、下午或 in October 在10月份
in 晚上
in spring 在春天
②“in+一段时间”表 示在一段时间之后,用 于将来时
初中英语中考语法考点 专题五介词及介词短语
考点1 时间介词
词汇
用法
示例
at
表示在某个时刻或黎明、 正午、黄昏、午夜前
at 7：00 在七点 at noon 在正午 at midnight 在午夜
on Monday 在星期一
on
表示在具体的某一天或者 on the morning of June 1st
某一天的某一段时间
since 完成时连用，谓语动词用 Cathy hasn't phoned since she went to
延续性动词注意：since还 Berlin.(作连词)
可用作连词
【典例剖析】
• (2020·广元)The accident happened ________ a cold morning but luckily，no one was injured.
(从外部)进入
out of (从内部)出来
towards
朝着……
to
向；朝；往；对着( 某方向或某处)
over
(从上空)跨越
示例 run across the street跑过大街 walk through the forest走过森林 walk past me从我旁边走过
run into the room跑进房间 walk out of the office从办公室走出来
中考外研版英语语法专题五 介词和介词短语
分 突
by)；④其他介词(南宁：2013.49 for)。
破
专题五 介词和介词短语
返回目录
考向 1 时间介词(北部湾经济区：2018.93)
中
1. in, on和at
考
试
介词
用法
示例
练
用于月、年、世纪、四季 in March in 2017 in the 21st century
in 或泛指的上午、下午、晚 in spring/summer/autumn/winter
考 试
与过去时连用，表示“……之后”，后接________。before则表
练
示“在……________”。
6. since与for作为时间介词时，相同之处是主句都用________
时。不同之处是since表示从过去某时直至现在，后接时间
满
分 突
________或句子；而for表示动作延续贯穿整个过程，后接时
for＋时间段，指动作延续贯穿
We have known each other for ten
for 整个过程，主句用完成时，谓
满
years.我们彼此已经认识十年了。
分
语动词须用延续性动词。
突 破
We’ve celebrated it since 1777.从 “自从”，后跟时间点或句子，
高考英语 5高考3模拟 专题五 介词与介词短语(浙江专版)
（超值精品）2013届英语科5年高考3年模拟
专题五介词与介词短语
【备考策略】
一、介词和介词短语
介词是一种虚词，不能单独作句子成分，必须与名词或代词(相当于名词的其他词类短语或从句)构成介词短语，才能在句中充当某一个成分。介词短语在句中可充当状语，表语，定语及补语等成分。
How I wish every family had a large house with a beautiful garden!
Is this the reason he explained at the meeting for his carelessness in his work? With a lot of difficult problems to settle, the newly－elected president is having
a hard time.
二、连词
连词是用来连接词、短语、从句或句子的一种虚词不能独立担任句子成分。
按词义及其句法作用，连词可分为并列连词和从属连词。常见的并列连词有and, but, or, not only...but also, yet, either...or...等。常见的从属连词有when, because, if, though, as if, now that, until, unless等。
I saw Bob play the piano at John's party and on that occasion he was simply brilliant. Not only is the teacher himself interested in football but all his students are beginning to show an interest in it.
5. 专题五 介词
She usually goes to school ④____b_y___ subway.
They went there ⑤____o_n___ the train.
考向 2 方位介词（2017.27, 2017.71）
1. on, at, in与to
中
考
介词
用法
示例
试 练
on
表示“在……(的表面)
完成时
习英语了。
介词
用法
示例
说明开始的时间, 谓语动词可用 I listen to English news from 6 o’clock
中
from
考
过去、现在、将来的某种时态 every day.我每天从6点开始听英语新闻。
试 练
表示动作延续贯穿整个过程, I haven’t watched a movie for a long
Unit 5 P 74]
(2)“赞成”, 与against相反, 常与系动词be连用。如：I think
you’ll be for my decision. 我认为你会赞成我的决定。
满 分
6. around
突 破
“四处, 在……周围”。如：She is having a walk with her dog
介词
用法
示例
中 考 试 练
高考英语专题五--介词和介词短语考点讲解
• 介词或介词短语的句法功能
• 1 ）Because of the bad weather, i was late for school. • 2) The first attack started after midnight. • 3) The girl under the tree is so beautiful. • 4) i like goods of high quality. • 5) we are of the same age. • 6) she is in Boston this week. • 7) Keep the dog out of the house , please. • 8) we regard him as a hero.
;at the age of five在五岁时
on (the morning of ) March 18 3月18日(早晨); on Sunday在周日;on Monday afternoon在周一 下午
on
上午、下午、晚上"
表示"在某世纪、年、季度、 in the 20th century在20世纪;in 1999在1999年;in in 月、周以及泛指的上午、下午、 winter在冬季;in September在9月;in the morning/
• 真题单句归纳 • （1） Bill insisted in staying near the car. （全国卷） • （2） Suddenly we caught sight at a car and some men. • （3） When I have free time I go a long walk. （全国卷） • （4） When they came down the police were angry to them. （ （全国卷） • （5） Most people can quickly get for help from a doctor or go to a hospital since they are ill. （全国卷） • （6） …and some books， for example， books for history， science， cooking and gardening are also popular. （全国卷） • （7） I never knew about a ride down a river could be so exciting. （全国卷） • （8） It was very kind for them to meet me at the railway station. （全国卷） • （9） In fact， they are planning to visit China in next year. ） （全国卷） • （10） We practise for three times every week. • （11） We must keep in mind that we play for the team instead ourselves. （全 国卷）
专题五 介词和介词短语
31
考点解读
对点集训
课后达标
中考总复习 英语
on the way在路上；on Sunday在星期天；on show展出；on display陈列；on fire着火；on duty值班；on the other hand另 介 词一方面；on foot步行；on business出差；on board在船(飞机) ＋ 名上；on holiday在休假；on the telephone在接(打)电话；on 词 time准时；on the left/right在左边/右边；on sale在出售/减价 销售；on watch值班；on the earth在地球上 with pleasure很乐意；with one's help在某人的帮助下
20
考点解读
对点集训
课后达标
中考总复习 英语
7．without “没有” He often goes to work without breakfast. 他经常不吃早餐就去上班。 8．to “给；对；到；往” give a kite to me给我一只风筝；from here to the park从这里到公园； go to school去上学
weeks.两周后他从美国回来了。
before 表示“在……之前”
Wash hands before dinner. 饭前要 洗手。
2021年中考英语人教版专题复习 专题五 介词和介词短语
考点1 表示时间的介词
介词
用法
示例
用在肯定句中,意为"直到 Anna worked as a teacher in
……为止",谓语动词用延 America until last month. 直到上个
续性动词
月,安娜一直在美国当老师。
until
用在否定句中,意为"直到
I didn't leave home until 5 o'clock. ……才",谓语动词多用非
第二部分 语法专题过关
专题五 介词和介词短语
目录
• 考点1 表示时间的介词 • 考点2 表示地点的介词 • 考点3 表示方向的介词 • 考点4 表示动态的介词 • 考点5 表示范围的介词 • 考点6 其他常考的介词 • 考点7 常见的介词短语
考点1 表示时间的介词
常用的表示时间的介词有at, in, on, by, since, until, during, for, before, after, past,through,from...to...等。基本用法如下:
介词
用法
示例
多用于某一具体时 I usually go to bed at 10:00. 我通常
刻之前
十点睡觉。
at at noon/night 在中午/夜里;at the age
高考英语复习语法知识专题讲解5---介词与介词短语(解析版)
高考英语复习语法知识专题讲解
专题五介词与介词短语
一、介词的句法功能
1.作定语The key to the door is missing.
2.作状语Her eyes were tired from long reading.
3.作表语Japan is to the cast of China.
4.作宾语补足语Make yourself at home.
二．介词的宾语易错点
名词、代词Don't forget to turn off the lights before leaving your classroom.
Don't hide behind others.
数词There was only one piece of cake, but we can cut it into two.
The students began to show up by twos and threes.
When we went in,we found his room at sixes and sevens.
形容词、副词Her pronunciation is far from perfect. His uncle is from abroad. 动词-ing形式I succeeded in passing the driving test.
On arriving in Venice, we knew that it was a city of water.
动词不定式The plane is about to take off.
高考英语专题五介词短语归纳
高中英语介词短语归纳
1.介词与名词的常用搭配
(1)at+n.表示状态
at a loss不知所措at breakfast早餐时
at peace处于和平中at rest静止,不动
at sea在海上at war在战争中
at work在工作
(2)at+n.表示时间
at Christmas在圣诞节at dusk在黄昏
at dawn在黎明at daybreak在拂晓
at midnight在午夜at night在夜里
at noon在正午at present目前
at sunrise日出时
(3)以at开头的短语
at the same time同时at the beginning of在……的开始
at the cost of以……为代价at the end of在……的尽头
at the foot of在……脚下at the mercy of在……支配下;任由……摆布
at the price of以……的价格at the risk of冒……的危险
at the sight of一看到……就……
(4)on+n.表示状态
on a trip/journey/tour在旅行on display陈列
on duty/guard在值班/警戒中on exhibition在展出
on fire着火on holiday/vacation在度假
on line在工作(或运行)on sale出售,打折
on show在展出on the decrease在减少
on the go在忙碌中on the increase在增加
on the march在行进中on the way在途中
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第二部分语法专题研究
专题五介词及介词短语
1. (2019安徽)On sunny days, my grandma often reads a novel ________ the window.
A. by
B. for
C. with
D. from
2. (2019盐城)A marathon was held in Yancheng ________ 21 April, which drew 12，000 runners.
A. on
B. in
C. at
D. by
3. (2019孝感)To my great joy, my family is always ________ me whatever I decide to do.
A. behind
B. to
C. from
D. against
4. (2019淮安)________ the help of modern technology, scientists got a photo of a black hole.
A. At
B. In
C. On
D. With
5. (2019呼和浩特)Ben was helping his mother when the rain began to beat heavily ________ the windows.
A. against
B. across
C. above
D. below
6. (2020原创)Last year, I went to Cambridge which lies ________ the east of England on the River Cam.
A. on
B. at
C. in
D. to
7. (2020原创)My new shoes are ________ my chair. Please pass them to me.
A. to
B. under
C. between
D. of
8. (2020原创)Students shouldn't go to school ________ breakfast. It's bad for their health.
A. with
B. without
C. for
D. at
9. (2020原创)She can express herself ________ both Chinese and Spanish. She has a gift of language.
A. on
B. to
C. in
D. by
10. (2020原创)Walking in the countryside can remind me ________ my happy childhood.
A. in
B. of
C. off
D. for
11. (2020原创)I have run out of my pocket money. I spent 100 yuan ________ some favorite books.
A. for
B. with
C. on
D. at
12. (2020原创)Don't treat me ________ a guest. I can make myself at home and can also help you prepare the dinner.
A. as
B. of
C. to
D. for
13. (2020原创)What were you doing ________ 5 p．m. yesterday? I went to your house but you weren't at home.
A. to
B. at
C. on
D. by
14. (2020原创)I would like to add a cup of milk ________ the coffee while drinking.
A. from
B. like
C. to
D. about
15.易错题I stopped ________ the night in a small village while I was on holiday in the Himalayas a few years ago.
A.at
B. for
C. until
D. through
16. 易错题Father brought his little boy to a concert. But he was too young to sit ________ the whole concert.
A. for
B. with
C. during
D. through
17. (2019宿迁改编)北京2019年世博会于四月份向公众开放。
Beijing Expo 2019 opened to the public ________________．
18. (2020原创)他的新书将会在春季出版。
His new book will come out ________________．
19. (2020原创)我通常下课后和同学们打篮球。
I usually play basketball with my classmates ________________．
20. (2020原创)早晨喝牛奶对健康有益。
It's good for our heath to drink milk ________________．
21. (2020原创)晚饭前记得洗手。
Remember to wash your hands ________________．
22. (2020原创)此刻我们一家正在看一场激动人心的篮球赛。
Our family is watching an exciting basketball match ________________.
23. (2019北京改编)昨天我们在花园种了些花。
We planted some flowers ________________ yesterday.
24. (2020原创)爸爸正在厨房里为我们准备晚饭。
My father is preparing supper for us ________________．
25. (2020原创)李梅今天在街上帮助了一位老妇人。
Li Mei helped an old lady ________________ today.
26. (2020原创)我家附近有一个图书馆。
There is a library ________________.
27. (2020原创)工人们正在河上修建一座桥梁。
The workers are building a bridge ________________．
28. (2020原创)他用这些字母拼出了最多的单词。
He spelt the most words ________________.
29. (2020原创)我们应该根据天气变化制定旅行计划。
We should make our travel plans ________________ the changes of weather.
30. (2020原创)我每个月至少要去看望祖父母两次。