英语专业八级考试试题附听力4
专业英语八级(听力)模拟试卷320(题后含答案及解析)
专业英语八级（听力）模拟试卷320(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. LISTENING COMPREHENSIONPART I LISTENING COMPREHENSIONSECTION A MINI-LECTUREIn this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the mini-lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening to the mini-lecture, please complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word(s) you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task.听力原文：Study Activities in University Good morning. Today, we’ll look at some study activities used in university. As we know, students in colleges or universities are expected to master some academic materials that are fairly difficult to understand. However, some of them find it hard to learn some complex, abstract or unfamiliar subject matter. As a result, a central problem in higher education is how to internalize academic knowledge—that is, how to make knowledge our own. In order to do so, we must convert knowledge from being “other people’s knowledge” to being part of our own ways of thinking. Then, how are we going to do it? And what are the means available to help us in the process of learning? There are four key study activities currently used in higher education to encourage students to internalize knowledge. They are the ones we are familiar with: writing essays, going to classes and seminars, having individual tutorials, and listening to lectures. These four activities are long-established features of our higher education, and they are almost as important now as they were a hundred years ago. Now let’s look at the features of them one by one. First, essay writing. The central focus of university work, esp. in the humanities, for example in literature, history or politics, is on students’producing regular essays or papers which summarize and express their personal understanding of a topic. Then, what is good about essay writing? Firstly, writing essays forces you to select what you find interesting in books and journals, and to express your understanding in a coherent form. Individual written work also provides teachers with the best available guide to how you are progressing in a subject, and allows them to give advice on how to develop your strengths or counteract your weaknesses. Lastly, of course, individual written work is still the basis of almost all assessment in higher education. Written assignments familiarize you with the form that your exams or coursework papers will take. The second key activity in colleges and universities is seminars and class discussions. Their role is to help you to internalize academic knowledge by providing specialized contexts, so that you can talk about such difficult problems as the trade-off between inflation and unemployment in economic policy, or the use of metaphors in Shakespeare’s plays. Talking is a more interactive activity than written work. In a conversation you knowimmediately how effectively you are expressing a viewpoint, and can modify what you are saying in response to people’s reactions. In addition, a normal programme of between ten and twenty-five classes will cover far more topics in one subject than you can hope to manage in your written work. Participating in flexible conversations across this range of issues also allows you to practise using the broader knowledge gained from other key activities such as lectures. Now, let’s take a look at another activity: individual tutorials. Discussions between a teacher and one or two students are used in many colleges as a substitute for, or a supplement to, group discussions in classes, like those mentioned before. Tutorials can range from direct explanations by the teacher in a subject, to flexible conversational sessions which at their best are very effective in stimulating students’mastery of a body of knowledge. The one-to-one quality of the personal interaction is very important in stimulating acceptance of ideas and producing fruitful interaction. In order to make individual tutorials really work, students should make good preparation beforehand, and during the tutorial, they should also ask questions to keep the ball rolling rather, than, let teachers “talk in a Vacuum”. The last activity is lectures. As we all know, lectures play a large part in most students’timetables and occupy a considerable proportion of teachers’efforts. However, the major difficulty with lectures is that they are not interactive like discussions or tutorials. The lecturer normally talks for the whole time with minimal feed-back from questions. Besides, making notes in lectures while concentrating on the argument being developed is often difficult to some students, esp. when the argument is very complicated. However, having said that, lectures are clearly valuable in several specific ways. They can provide a useful overview—an area map, as it were, to familiarize you with the main landscape features to be encountered during a course. Lecturers typically give much more accessible descriptions of theoretical perspectives in their oral presentations than can be found in the academic literature. Whenever there is a rapid pace of progress in theory or practice, lectures play an indispensable part in letting students know the development immediately, usually several years before the new material is included in textbooks. Lastly, lectures are often very useful in allowing you to see directly how exponents of different views build up their arguments. The cues provided by seeing someone talking in person may seem “irrelevant”, but these cues are important aids to understanding the subject better later. So far, we’ve discussed four study activities and their respective features and roles in higher education. Of course, study activities are not limited to just these four types: there are other activities that are equally important, such as general reading, project learning, etc. We’ll cover them during our next lecture.Study Activities in University In order to help college and university students in the process of learning, four key study activities have been designed and used to encourage them to make knowledge their own.1. essay writing: central focus of university work esp. in thehumanities, e.g. 【T1】______ 【T1】______Benefits: 1)helping to 【T2】______ interesting content in books 【T2】______ and to express understanding 2)enabling teachers to know progress and to offer 【T3】______ 【T3】______ 3)【T4】______ students with exam forms 【T4】______2. seminars and classroom discussion: another form tointernalize knowledge in specialized contextsBenefits: 1)【T5】______ enables you to know the effectiveness of 【T5】______ and others’ response to your speech immediately 2)Within the same period of time, more topics can be dealt with than in 【T6】______ 【T6】______ 3)The use of a broader range of knowledge is encouraged3. individual tutorials: a substitute for group discussionFormat: from teacher 【T7】______ to flexible conversation 【T7】______Benefit: encouraging acceptance of 【T8】______ and producing interaction 【T8】______4. lectures: a most 【T9】______ used study activity 【T9】______Disadvantages: 1)less 【T10】______ than discussions or tutorials 【T10】______ 2)more demanding in 【T11】______ 【T11】______Advantages:1)providing a general 【T12】______ of a subject 【T12】______ under discussion2)offering more easily 【T13】______ versions of a theory 【T13】______3)updating students on 【T14】______ developments 【T14】______4)allowing students to follow different 【T15】______ 【T15】______1．【T1】正确答案：literature／／history／／politics解析：在谈到论文写作时，原文指出“……大学教学工作，特别是在人文学科例如文学、历史或政治学科方面，重点在于……”，这里的三个例子填入一个即可。
专业英语八级(听力)-试卷205
专业英语八级（听力）-试卷205(总分：120.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、 LISTENING COMPREHENSION(总题数：4，分数：120.00)1.PART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION（分数：30.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 解析：2.SECTION A MINI-LECTUREIn this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear themini-lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening to the mini-lecture, please complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word(s) you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task.（分数：30.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 解析：Questionnaire DesignI. Clarify your study goal—Write down your study goal before【T1】1【T1】2— Ask questions that directly address the goalsII. Keep your questionnaire short— Long questionnaires get less response— Eliminate questions if they will not be used in the【T2】 3 process【T2】4III. Make the envelope unique—【T3】5【T3】6—Hand-addressed—Use a(n)【T4】7 postage stamp【T4】8—Provide a well-written cover letterIV. Clear and concise instructions—Avoid long sentences and【T5】 9 words【T5】 10— Print the【T6】 11 on the questionnaire【T6】12V. Begin with a few non-threatening and interesting items— Boring or threatening items will put off peopleVI. Use【T7】 13 language【T7】 14— Make items brief— Emphasize crucial words by using bold, italics or【T8】 15【T8】 16VII. Leave adequate space for comments— Space for comments will provide valuable information—Leaving【T9】17 space will increase response【T9】18VIII. Hold the respondent's interest— Provide variety in the type of items used— Vary the 【T10】19 format【T10】20—Group items into【T11】21【T11】22IX.【T12】23【T12】24—Attach a dollar bill— Offer a(n)【T13】 25【T13】 26X. Pre-test your questionnaire— Try it on representatives of【T14】27【T14】28—Be present, while they are filling in the questionnaire—Tell them it's OK to ask you to【T15】 29 any item【T15】 30Questionnaire DesignI. Clarify your study goal— Write down your study goal before【T1】 31【T1】32—Ask questions that directly address the goalsII. Keep your questionnaire short—Long questionnaires get less response— Eliminate questions if they will not be used in the【T2】 33 process【T2】 34III. Make the envelope unique—【T3】 35【T3】 36— Hand-addressed— Use a(n)【T4】 37 postage stamp【T4】 38— Provide a well-written cover letterIV. Clear and concise instructions— Avoid long sentences and【T5】 39 words【T5】 40— Print the【T6】 41 on the questionnaire【T6】 42V. Begin with a few non-threatening and interesting items— Boring or threatening items will put off peopleVI. Use【T7】43 language【T7】44—Make items brief—Emphasize crucial words by using bold, italics or【T8】45【T8】46VII. Leave adequate space for comments—Space for comments will provide valuable information—Leaving【T9】47 space will increase response 【T9】48VIII. Hold the respondent's interest—Provide variety in the type of items used—Vary the【T10】 49 format【T10】 50— Group items into【T11】 51【T11】 52IX.【T12】 53【T12】 54—Attach a dollar bill— Offer a(n)【T13】 55【T13】 56X. Pre-test your questionnaire— Try it on representatives of【T14】57【T14】58—Be present, while they are filling in the questionnaire—Tell them it's OK to ask you to【T15】 59 any item【T15】 60（分数：30.00）(1).【T1】（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：designing the study/questionaire）解析：解析：此空格涉及第一个提示：明确研究目标。
大学英语专业八级考试测试试卷(带答案)
大学英语专业八级考试测试试卷PART ⅠLISTENING COMPREHENSIONSECTION A MINI-LECTUREIn this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the mini-lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening to the mini-lecture, please complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure what you fill in is both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task.Now listen to the mini-lecture. When it is over, you will be given THREE minutes to check your work.Suggestions of Reading ActivitiesⅠ. Three 1 phases of reading—before reading—in the course of reading—after readingⅡ. Pre-reading activities—finding 2 to make comprehension easier—we-reading discussion activities to ease cognition—being aware of the 3 for reading—consideration of different types of reading skills:skimming, scanning, extensive reading, 4—understanding the 5 of the materialⅢ. Suggestions for during-reading activitiesA. Tips of 6 :—summarizing, reacting, questioning, 7 , evaluating, involving own experiencesB. My suggestions:—making predictions—making selections—combining 8 to facilitate comprehension—focusing on significant pieces of information—making use of 9 or guessing—breaking words into their 10—reading in 11—learning to pause—12Ⅳ. Post-reading suggestionsA. Depending on the goal of reading—penetrating 13—meshing new informationB. 14—discussing—summarizing—giving questions—filling in 15—writing reading notes—role-playingSECTION B INTERVIEWIn this section you will hear TWO interviews. At the end of each interview, five questions will be asked about what was said. Both the interviews and the questions will be spoken ONCE ONLY. After each question there will be a ten-second pause. During the pause, you should read the four choices of A, B, C and D, and mark the best answer to each question on ANSWER SHEET TWO.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the choices.16、A. Methods to help people get rich. B. Eight steps to make hill use of money.C. Measures to improve the quality of life.D. Basic knowledge of the payoff.17、A. Do a financial checkup. B. Read self-help books.C. Do online banking.D. Organize their daily schedule.18、A. To have online access. B. To have a shoe box.C. To know exactly what access can be used.D. To know the condition of income.19、A. Tracking on the online banking. B. Tracking with debit cards or credit cards.C. Tracking through checking account.D. Tracking with a joint account.20、A. For small purchases. B. For major purchases.C. For household expenses.D. For mortgage payment.21、A. Because the gene has been passed down before they died.B. Because their families and relatives had similar gene.C. Because the gene had to protect people in the past and today.D. Because the gene has been passed down by skipped generation.22、A. Ten minutes before we go indoor.B. Ten minutes after exposing to the sun.C. The first ten minutes when go out in the sun.D. As soon as we go out in the sun.23、A. Because they take advantage of numerous fertilizers.B. Because they are all sprayed with pesticides.C. Because they contain great chemicals and make poisons.D. Because they have been processed before sale.24、A. Because some of them are not used to some kinds of alcohol.B. Because most of them drink fewer times than people of other continents.C. Because half of them lack a gene to break down alcohol efficiently.D. Because some of them suffer from diseases that limit drinking.25、A. It gives conventional account for medicine.B. It introduces the dietary regime for the sick.C. It sees various medical issues in new light.D. It offers tips on survival in the wilderness.PART ⅡREADING COMPREHENSIONSECTION A MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONSIn this section there are four passages followed by fourteen multiple choice questions. For each multiple choice question, there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer and mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO.PASSAGE ONE26Cheating in sport is as old as sport itself. The athletes of ancient Greece used potions to fortify themselves before a contest, and their modern counterparts have everything from anabolic steroids and growth hormones to doses of extra red blood cells with which to invigorate theft bodies. These days, however, such stimulants are frowned on, and those athletes must therefore run the gauntlet of organizations such as the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA., which would rather that athletes competed without resorting to them.27The agencies have had remarkable success. Testing for anabolic steroids (in other words, artficial testosterone) was introduced in the 1970s, and the incidence of cheating seems to have fallen dramatically as a result. The tests, however, are not foolproof. And a study just published in the Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism by Jenny Jakobsson Schulze and her colleagues at the Karolinska Institute in Sweden suggests that an individual's genetic make-up could confound them in two different ways. One genotype, to use the jargon, may allow athletes who use anabolic steroids to escape detection altogether. Another may actually be convicting the innocent.28The test usually employed for testosterone abuse relies on measuring the ratio of two chemicals found in the urine: testosterone glucuronide (TG. and epitestosterone glucuronide (EG.. The former is produced when testosterone is broken down, while the latter is unrelated to testosterone metabolism, and can thus serve as a reference point for the test. Any ratio above four of the former to one of the latter is, according to official Olympic policy, considered suspicious and leads to more tests.29However, the production of TG is controlled by an enzyme that is, in turn, encoded by a gene called UGT2B17. This gene comes in two varieties, one of which has a part missing and therefore does not work properly. A person may thus have none, one or two working copies of UGT2B17, since he inherits one copy from each parent. Dr. Schulze guessed that different numbers of working copies would produce different test results. She therefore gave healthy male volunteers whose genes had been examined a single 360mg shot of testosterone (the standard dose for legitimate medical use) and checked their urine to see whether the shot could be detected.30The result was remarkable. Nearly half of the men who carried no functional copies of UGT2B17 would have gone undetected in the standard doping test. By contrast, 14% of those with two functional copies of the gene were over the detection threshold before they had even received an injection. The researchersestimate this would give a false-positive testing rate of 9% in a random population of young men.31Dr. Schulze also says there is substantial ethnic variation in UGT2B17 genotypes. Two-thirds of Asians have no functional copies of the gene (which means they have a naturally low ratio of TG to EG., compared with under a tenth of Caucasians—something the anti-doping bodies may wish to take into account.32In the meantime, Dr. Schulze's study does seem to offer innocents a way of defending themselves. Athletes traveling to Beijing for the Olympic games may be wise to travel armed not only with courage and the "spirit of Olympianism", but also with a copy of their genetic profile, just in case.PASSAGE TWO26Asked what job they would take if they could have any, people unleash their imaginations and dream of exotic places, powerful positions or work that involves alcohol and a paycheck at the same time. Or so you'd think.27None of those appeals to Lori Miller who, as a lead word processor, has to do things that don't seem so dreamy, which include proofreading, spell checking and formatting. But she loves it. "I like and respect nearly all my co-workers, and most of them feel the same way about me," she says. "Just a few things would make it a little better," she says, including a shorter commute and the return of some great people who used to work there. And one more thing: She'd appreciate if everyone would put their dishes in the dishwasher.28It's not a lot to ask for and, it turns out, a surprising number of people dreaming up their dream job don't ask for much. One could attribute it to lack of imagination, setting the bar low or "anchoring," the term referring to the place people start and never move far from. One could chalk it up to rationalizing your plight.29But maybe people simply like what they do and aren't, as some management would have you believe, asking for too much—just the elimination of a small but disproportionately powerful amount of office inanity. That may be one reason why two-thirds of Americans would take the same job again "without hesitation" and why 90% of Americans are at least somewhat satisfied with their jobs, according to a Gallup Poll.30The matters that routinely rank high on a satisfaction scale don't relate to money but "work as a means for demonstrating some sort of responsibility and achievement," says Barry Staw, professor of leadership and communication at University of California, Berkeley's Haas School of Business. "Pay—even when it's important, it's not for what you can buy, it's a validation of your work and approval."31So, money doesn't interest Elizabeth Gray as much as a level playing field. "I like what I do," says the city project manager who once witnessed former colleagues award a contractor, paid for work he never completed, with the title of "Contractor of the Year".32Thus: "My dream job would be one free of politics," she says. "All advancement would be based on merit. The people who really did the work would be the ones who received the credit."40Frank Gastner has a similar ideal: "VP in charge of destroying inane policies." Over the years, he's had to hassle with the simplest of design flaws that would cost virtually nothing to fix were it not for the bureaucracies that entrenched them. So, the retired manufacturer's representative says he would address product and process problems with the attitude, "It's not right; let's fix it now without a committee meeting."41Monique Huston actually has her dream job—and many tell her it's theirs, too. She's general manager of a pub in Omaha, the Dundee Dell, which boasts 650 single-malt scotches on its menu. She visits bars, country clubs, people's homes and Scotland for whiskey tasting. "I stumbled on my passion in life," she says.42Still, some nights she doesn't feel like drinking—or smiling. "Your face hurts," she complains. And when you have your dream job you wonder what in the world you'll do next.43One of the big appeals of a dream job is dreaming about it. Last year, George Reinhart saw an ad for a managing director of the privately owned island of Mustique in the West Indies.44He was lured by the salary ($1 million) and a climate that beat the one enjoyed by his Boston suburb. A documentary he saw about Mustique chronicled the posh playground for the likes of Mick Jagger and Princess Margaret. He reread Herman Wouk's "Don't Stop the Carnival," about a publicity agent who leaves his New York job and buys an island hotel. In April of last year, he applied for the job.45He heard nothing. So last May, he wrote another letter: "I wanted to thank you for providing the impetus for so much thought and fun." He didn't get the job but, he says, he takes comfort that the job hasn't been filled. "So, I can still dream," he adds.46I told him the job had been filled by someone—but only after he said, "I need to know, because then I can begin to dream of his failure."PASSAGE THREE26Israel is a "powerhouse of agricultural technology", says Abraham Goren of Elbit Imaging (EI), an Israeli multinational. The country's cows can produce as much as 37 liters of milk a day. In India, by contrast, cows yield just seven liters. Spotting an opportunity, EI is going into the Indian dairy business. It will import 10,000 cows and supply fortified and flavored milk to supermarkets and other buyers.27So will EI lap up India's milk market? Not necessarily. As the Times of India points out, its cows will ruminate less than 100 miles from the headquarters of a formidable local producer—the Gujarat Co-operative Milk Marketing Federation, otherwise known as Amul. This Farmers' Co-operative spans 2.6m members, collects 6.5m liters of milk a day, and boasts one of the longest-running and best-loved advertising campaigns in India. It has already shown "immense resilience" in the face of multinational competition, says Arindam Bhattacharya of the Boston Consulting Group (BCG.. Its ice-cream business survived the arrival of Unilever; its chocolate milk has thrived despite Nestleacute.28Indeed, Amul is one of 50 firms—from China, India, Brazil, Russia and six other emerging economies—that BCG has anointed as "local dynamos". They areprospering in their home market, are fending off multinational rivals, and are not focused on expanding abroad. BCG discovered many of these firms while drawing up its "global challengers" list of multinationals from the developing world. The companies that were venturing abroad most eagerly, it discovered, were not necessarily the most successful at home.29Emerging economies are still prey to what Harvard's Dani Rodrik has called "export fetishism". International success remains a firm's proudest boast, and with good reason: economists have shown that exporters are typically bigger, more efficient and pay better than their more parochial rivals. "Exporters are better" was the crisp verdict of a recent review of the data.30Countries like India and Brazil were, after all, once secluded backwaters fenced off by high tariffs. Prominent firms idled along on government favors and captive markets. In that era, exporting was a truer test of a company's worth. But as such countries have opened up, their home markets have become more trying places. Withstanding the onslaught of foreign firms on home soil may be as impressive a feat as beating them in global markets.31BCG describes some of the ways that feat has been accomplished. Of its 50 dynamos, 41 are in consumer businesses, where they can exploit a more intimate understanding of their compatriots' tastes. It gives the example of Gol, a Brazilian budget airline, which bet that its cash-strapped customers would sacrifice convenience and speed for price. Many Gol planes therefore depart at odd hours and make several hops to out-of-the-way locations, rather than flying directly.32Similarly astute was India's Titan Industries, which has increased its share of India's wristwatch market despite the entry of foreign brands such as Timex and Swatch. It understood that Indians, who expect a good price even for old newspapers, do not throw their watches away lightly, and has over 700 after-sales centers that will replace straps and batteries.40Exporters tend to be more capital-intensive than their home-bound peers; they also rely more on skilled labor. Many local dynamos, conversely, take full advantage of the cheap workforce at their disposal. Focus Media, China's biggest "out of home" advertising company, gets messages out on flat-panel displays in 85,000 locations around the country. Those displays could be linked and reprogrammed electronically, but that might fall foul of broadcast regulations. So instead the firm's fleet of workers on bicycles replaces the displays' discs and flash-cards by hand.41The list of multinationals resisted or repelled by these dynamos includes some of the world's biggest names: eBay and Google in China; Wal-Mart in Mexico; SAP in Brazil. But Mr. Goren of EI is not too worried about Amul. The market is big enough for everybody, he insists. Nothing, then, is for either company to cry about.PASSAGE FOUR26It is hard for modern people to imagine the life one hundred years ago. No television, no plastic, no ATMs, no DVDs. Illnesses like tuberculosis, diphtheria, pneumonia meant only death. Of course, cloning appeared only in science fiction. Not to mention, computer and Internet.27Today, our workplace are equipped with assembly lines, fax machines, computers. Our daily life is cushioned by air conditioners, cell phones. Antibiotics helped created a long list of miracle drugs. The by-pass operation saved millions. The discovery of DNA has revolutionized the way scientists think about new therapies. Man finally stepped on the magical and mysterious Moon. With the rapid changes we have been experiencing, the anticipation for the future is higher than ever.28A revolutionary manufacturing process made it possible for anyone to own a car. Henry Ford is the man who put the world on wheels.29When it comes to singling out those who have made a difference in all our lives, you cannot over-look Henry Ford. A historian a century from now might well conclude that it was Henry Ford who most influenced all manufacturing everywhere, even to this day, by introducing a new way to make cars—one, strange to say, that originated in slaughter houses.30Back in the early 1900s, slaughter houses used what could have been called a "disassembly line." That is, the carcass of a slain steer or a pig was moved past various meat-cutters, each of whom cut off only a certain portion. Ford reversed this process to see if it would speed up production of a part of an automobile engine called a magneto. Rather than have each worker completely assemble a magneto, one of its elements was placed on a conveyer, and each worker, as it passed, added another component to it, the same one each time. Professor David Hounshell, of The University of Delaware, an expert on industrial development tells what happened: "The previous day, workers carrying out the entire process had averaged one magneto every 20 minutes. But on that day, on the line, the assembly team averaged one every 13 minutes and 10 seconds per person."31Within a year, the time had been reduced to five minutes. In 1913, Ford went all the way. Hooked together by ropes, partially assembled vehicles were towed past workers who completed them one piece at a time. It wasn't long before Ford was turning out several hundred thousand cars a year, a remarkable achievement then. And so efficient and economical was this new system that he cut the price of his cars in half, to $260, putting them within reach of all those who, up until that time, could not afford them. Soon, auto makers over the world copied him. In fact, he encouraged them to do so by writing a book about all of his innovations, entitled Today and Tomorrow. The Age of the Automobile had arrived. Today, aided by robots and other forms of automation, everything from toasters to perfumes is made on assembly lines.32Edsel Ford, Henry's great-grandson, and a Ford vice president: "I think that my great-grandfather would just be amazed at how far technology has come."40Many of today's innovations come from Japan. Norman Bodek, who publishes books about manufacturing processes, finds this ironic. On a recent trip to Japan he talked to two of the top officials of Toyota. "When I asked them where these secrets came from, where their ideas came from to manufacture in a totally different way, they laughed, and they said. 'Well. We just read it in Henry Ford's book from 1926: Today and Tomorrow.'"26、The second paragraph implies that testing for anabolic steroids______.(PASSAGE ONE.A. is always accurate and reliableB. is proved to be inaccurateC. may sometimes show inaccuracyD. has helped end doping in sport27、According to official Olympic policy, which of the following ratio between TG and EG is considered suspicious? ______(PASSAGE ONE.A. 1:1.B. 2.5:1.C. 3.3:1.D. 4.5:1.28、Which of the following is NOT true about UGT2B17, according to the passage? ______(PASSAGE ONE.A. None, one or two working copies of UGT2B17 can be found in different people.B. Test results would depend on numbers of working copies of UGT2B17.C. Most Caucasians have no functional copies of UGT2B17.D. Most Asians have no functional copies of UGT2B17.29、Why does the author suggest the athletes bring a copy of their genetic profile to the Olympic Games?______(PASSAGE ONE.A. Because it is required by the Beijing Olympic Games Committee.B. Because it may defend them against unfavorable testosterone test results.C. Because it is one of the ways to show "spirit of Olympianism".D. Because it will help them to perform better in the Olympic Games.30、According to the passage, ______.(PASSAGE TWO)A. many people don't ask for much about their dream jobB. most Americans are not satisfied with their jobsC. Lori Miller is totally satisfied with her current jobD. Loti Miller is not satisfied with her current job at all31、What is the role of the 4th paragraph in the development of the passage? ______(PASSAGE TWO)A. To show that people don't ask for much about their dream job.B. To show that most people in America are satisfied with their jobs.C. To offer supporting evidence to the preceding paragraph.D. To provide a contrast to the preceding paragraphs.32、All the following are mentioned as features of a dream job EXCEPT ______.(PASSAGE TWO)A. demonstrating duty and achievementB. being free of politicsC. making people dream about itD. involving alcohol drinking33、According to the passage, after EI enters the Indian dairy business, ______.(PASSAGE THREE.A. India's milk market will not necessarily be greatly influencedB. India's milk market will be completely lapped upC. Amul will lose in the competition with EID. Unilever and Nestleacute will leave the Indian market34、All of the following are ways to accomplish the feat of withstanding the onslaught of foreign firms on home soil EXCEPT ______.(PASSAGE THREE.A. relying more on skilled laborB. specializing in consumer businessesC. taking advantage of the cheap workforceD. better understanding homeconsumers' tastes35、Which of the following would the author most probably agree? ______(PASSAGE THREE.A. Not all of the developing world's most successful companies are globalizing.B. Companies venturing abroad most eagerly are the most successful at home.C. Local dynamos are the most successful firms all over the world.D. Globalizing is not good for companies in emerging economies.36、To call Henry Ford "the man who put the world on wheels", the author means ______.(PASSAGE FOUR)A. he made quality wheels famous to the whole worldB. he produced cars for free for people all over the worldC. his innovation made it possible for anyone to own a carD. his innovation provided everyone in the world with a car37、The assembly line reduced the time to make a magneto by ______ within a year.(PASSAGE FOUR)A. 20%B. 38%C. 65%D. 75%38、Before assembly line was introduced, the price of a Ford's car was ______.(PASSAGE FOUR)A. $260B. $130C. $520D. $104039、The last paragraph implies that ______.(PASSAGE FOUR)A. Today and Tomorrow provides technological solutions for manufacturersB. Many of the Japanese innovations are inspired by Today and TomorrowC. Today and Tomorrow is more popular among the Japanese than the AmericansD. Today and Tomorrow is a Japanese manufacturing encyclopedia40、SECTION B SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONSIn this section there are eight short answer questions based on the passages in SECTION A. Answer each question in NO more than 10 words in the space provided on ANSWER SHEET TWO.According to the passage, what is the status quo of cheating in sport?(PASSAGE ONE.41、According to the second paragraph, why are the tests for anabolic steroids inconvincible?(PASSAGE ONE.42、What does the phrase "a level playing field" in Paragraph 6 mean?(PASSAGE TWO)43、What's the main idea of the passage?(PASSAGE TWO)44、According to the passage, what's the market orientation of those "local dynamos"?(PASSAGE THREE.45、According to Dani Rodrik, what's the most important achievement for "export fetishism"?(PASSAGE THREE.46、Why do many Gol planes take off at odd hours and fly indirectly?(PASSAGE THREE.47、Where did the idea of assembly line come from?(PASSAGE FOUR)PART ⅢLANGUAGE USAGEThe passage contains TEN errors. Each indicated line contains a maximum of ONE error. In each case, only ONE word is involved. You should proofread the passage and correct it in the following way:For a wrong word, underline the wrong word and write the correct one in the blank provided atthe end of the line.For a missing word, mark the position of the missing word with a "∧" sign and write the wordyou believe to be missing in the blank provided at the end of the line.For an unnecessary word, cross the unnecessary word with a slash "—" and put the word in the blankprovided at the end of the line.Language performance and language acquisition are the twoprinciple concerns of the psychology of language, or psycholinguistics. 48The intensified study of psycholinguistics has produced a considerableamount of literature and some significant advance in our understanding 49of language acquisition. Surprisingly little fundamental researchhas been conducted into the processes of learning a second language.The consequence has been most theories in this field 50are still extrapolating from general theories of human learning 51and behavior or from the recent work in language performance andacquisition. This is not to say that there has been no valuableresearch on language teaching. But this has been concerned about 52the evaluation of different teaching methods and materials, forexample, the use of language laboratories, the use of language drills,the teaching of grammar by different methods.Now, such research is difficult to evaluate, so experiments in 53language teaching suffer from the same set of problems that allcomparative educational experiments suffer from. It is virtuallyimpossible to control all the factors involved in even if we know 54how to identify them in the first place, particularly such factors asmotivation, previous knowledge, aptitude, learning outside the classroom,teacher performance. Consequently the conclusions to be drawnfrom such experiments can, with confidence, be generalized toother 55teaching situations. The results are, strictly spoken, only valid for the 56 learners, teachers and schools in what the experiment took place. 57PART ⅣTRANSLATIONTranslate the following text from Chinese into English. Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET THREE.58、沿着荷塘，是一条曲折的小煤屑路。
专八听力考试题及答案
专八听力考试题及答案1. 听下面一段对话，回答以下问题：(1) 男人为什么去图书馆？(2) 女人建议男人做什么？答案：(1) 男人去图书馆是为了借阅一本关于历史的书籍。
(2) 女人建议男人可以在网上查找相关信息。
2. 根据所听短文，完成下列句子：(1) The speaker mentioned that ________ is the most important aspect of a successful business.(2) According to the speaker, ________ can significantly impact the growth of a company.答案：(1) innovation is the most important aspect of a successful business.(2) employee satisfaction can significantly impact the growth of a company.3. 听下面一段新闻报道，回答以下问题：(1) What is the main topic of the news?(2) What measures are being taken to address the issue?答案：(1) The main topic of the news is the increasing pollution levels in major cities.(2) The government is implementing stricter emission standards for vehicles to address the issue.4. 根据所听讲座内容，回答以下问题：(1) What is the speaker's opinion on the role oftechnology in education?(2) What example does the speaker give to illustrate the point?答案：(1) The speaker believes that technology can greatly enhance the learning experience in education.(2) The speaker gives the example of using interactive software in classrooms to make lessons more engaging.5. 听下面一段对话，完成下列句子：(1) The woman is planning to ________ for her vacation.(2) The man suggests ________ as a possible destination.答案：(1) The woman is planning to go hiking for her vacation.(2) The man suggests visiting the national park as a possible destination.6. 根据所听短文，回答以下问题：(1) What is the main reason for the decline in the population of the species discussed?(2) What conservation efforts are mentioned in the article?答案：(1) The main reason for the decline in the population is habitat loss due to urban development.(2) The conservation efforts mentioned includeestablishing protected areas and raising public awareness.7. 听下面一段对话，回答以下问题：(1) Why is the woman upset?(2) What does the man offer to do?答案：(1) The woman is upset because she missed her flight.(2) The man offers to help her rebook another flight.8. 根据所听讲座内容，完成下列句子：(1) The speaker argues that ________ is crucial for maintaining a healthy lifestyle.(2) The speaker also mentions that ________ can lead to various health issues.答案：(1) The speaker argues that regular exercise is crucialfor maintaining a healthy lifestyle.(2) The speaker also mentions that a sedentary lifestyle can lead to various health issues.9. 听下面一段新闻报道，回答以下问题：(1) What is the main focus of the news report?(2) What is the current status of the situation?答案：(1) The main focus of the news report is the ongoing negotiations between two countries.(2) The current status of the situation is that both sides have agreed to continue talks next month.10. 根据所听对话，回答以下问题：(1) What is the man's opinion about the new restaurant?(2) What does the woman think about the food?答案：(1) The man's opinion about the new restaurant is that it is overpriced.(2) The woman thinks the food is delicious but not worth the high price.。
2011年专8真题答案（含听力材料）
TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS (2011)-GRADE EIGHT-TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS(2011)-GRADE EIGHT-2011年英语专业八级参考答案Part I Listening Comprehension—Section A Mini-lecture1. and significance2. the context\ what is doing3. closeness to people4. body language5. polychronic6. in itself7. personal space8. monochrome9. lateness10. multicultural situationSECTION B INTERVIEW 1-5 BDACB SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST 6-10 ACBAD PART II Reading Comprehension11-15 ABCAB 16-20 ABACA 21-25 DDCCA 26-30 DBACBPART III General Knowledge 31-35BDABD 36-40 CACACPART VI Proofreading & Error Correction1. grew 后加up2. conscience 改成consciousness3. soon 改成sooner4. the 去掉5. disagreeing 改成disagreeable6. imaginative 改成imaginary7. literal 改成literary8. in 去掉9. which 前加in 10. Therefore, 改成NeverthelessPart V Translation—Section A Chinese To EnglishBeing hasty and at leisure are two quite distinct lifestyles. But in the real world, people have to frequently shuttle between these two lifestyles, sometimes not sure whether they are“at ease”or“in a rush”.For example, we’re enjoying our holidays in the resort while suenly we receive phone calls from the boss who tells us there are some troubles with our customers and work—so at this moment the modern, convenient and advanced device shows its vicious and gloomy features—and we lose all our interest. The subsequent leisure is the mere showy for we are in a restless and anxious state of mind.Section B English to Chinese飞机飞越尼泊尔上空时。
英语专业8级考试满分听力答（5-13）
英语专业8级考试满分听力答（5-13）英语专业8级考试满分听力答案(Unit 5-13)Test FiveSection One Mini-lecture(1) heroic deeds (2) clay tablets (3) hero (4 ) music (5) rhythm and rhyme (6) Greek tragedies (7) fixed forms (8) imagination (9) scene (10)vary/differ Section Two Interview1.C2. D3.B4. B5.BSection Three News Broadcast6.D7. B8.D9.B 10. CTest SixSection One Mini-lecture(1) written information (2) writing techniques (3) different reading tasks (4 ) exact understanding (5) general understanding (6) independent (7) decoding (8) refining (9) main idea (10) key wordsSection Two Interview1.A2. A3.D 4 C. 5. BSection Three News Broadcast6. B8.D9.C 10. BTest SevenSection One Mini-lecture(1) lexical items (2) Anglo-Saxon (3) small (4 ) loan words (5) before (6) Latin (7) French (8) Greek (9) direct adoption (10) technicalSection Two Interview1.C2. A3.C4. B5.ASection Three News Broadcast6. B7. C8.A 9 .C 10. ATest EightSection One Mini-lecture(1)variations (2)negotiate (3)underlying (4 ) retrieval (5) recognize/distinguish (6) efficacy (7) attitude (8) Anthropological (9) range (10) processed Section Two Interview1.B2. C3.D4. B5.CSection Three News Broadcast6.C8.A9.A 10. DTest NineSection One Mini-lecture(1) Gold Rush (2) Laundry (3)fishermen (4 ) 1860s (5) first transcontinental railroad (6) descendants (7) strong (8) responsibility (9) education (10) acceptance/recognition Section Two Interview1.C2. A3.B4. D5.CSection Three News Broadcast6.C7. A8.C9.C 10. BTest TenSection One Mini-lecture(1) French (2) the Renaissance (3) borrowed (4 ) American(5)origins(6) the same thing (7) abstraction (8) relationships (9) formality (10) clear and accurateSection Two Interview1. B2. A3.C4.DSection Three News Broadcast6. B7. A8. D9. C 10. CTest ElevenSection One Mini-lecture(1) sound (2) imitation (3) secondary (4 ) heavy fall (5) Semantic (6) metaphor(7) substitution (8) steps/procedures (9) distinguish (10) meaningSection Two Interview1.B2. D3. B4. C5.ASection Three News Broadcast6.A7.D8.A9. B 10.CTest TwelveSection One Mini-lecture(1) Extended (2) advance/promote (3) less (4 ) working outside (5) Equality (6) parents (7) responsible (8) the same person (9) emotional support(10) potentialSection Two Interview2. B3. A4. D5.ASection Three News Broadcast6. B7. C8.C9. B 10. ATest ThirhteenSection One Mini-lecture(1) speculations (2) statistics (3) up-to-date/new (4) make reading entertaining/funny/interesting (5) too limited/too narrow/too insufficient (6) easy to approach/ easy to understand(7) readers/everybody (8) factual evidence (9) representative (10) accurate Section Two Interview1.C 2A . 3. B 4.A 5.DSection Three News Broadcast6. C7. A8.A9. A 10. C。
英语专业八级试题
英语专业八级试题英语专业八级练习题一、听力理解（1道题）You will hear a short news report. Listen carefully and answer the following question.What is the main topic of this news report?A. A new scientific discovery.B. A political event.C. A natural disaster.D. A cultural festival.二、阅读理解（3道题）Read the following passage and answer the questions.Passage:The concept of "time poverty" has emerged as a significant concern in modern society. With the increasing demands of work, family, and social obligations, many individuals feel that they have less and less time forthemselves. This phenomenon is not only affecting people's mental health but also their overall quality of life.Question 1: What is "time poverty" according to the passage?A. Being poor and having no time.B. The feeling of having insufficient time due to various demands.C. A new economic concept related to time management.D. The lack of time for work.Question 2: Which of the following is NOT affected by "time poverty" according to the passage?A. Mental health.B. Physical health.C. Quality of life.D. Social relationships.Question 3: The author's attitude towards "time poverty" can be best described as:A. Optimistic.B. Pessimistic.C. Concerned.D. Indifferent.三、语言知识（3道题）1. Choose the correct word to fill in the blank.The committee has made a ______ decision regarding the new project.A. conscienceB. consciousC. consecutiveD. consensus2. Identify the error in the following sentence.I have been waiting here from two hours, but no one has come yet.A. have been waitingB. fromC. butD. has come3. Which of the following sentences uses the subjunctive mood correctly?A. If I was you, I would study harder.B. She demanded that he leaves immediately.C. It is important that we be on time for the meeting.D. I wish I have more money.四、翻译（2道题）1. Translate the following Chinese sentence into English.中国的城市化（urbanization）将会充分释放潜在内需（domestic demand）。
外语类《英语专业考试》专业英语四级《专业英语八级》考试试题及答案解析
外语类《英语专业考试》专业英语四级《专业英语八级》考试试题及答案解析姓名:_____________ 年级:____________ 学号:______________1、Sometimes a bus ____ gets on the bus to check the tickets.A、agentB、officerC、conductorD、inspector正确答案：C答案解析：【句意】有时，公共汽车检票员上车查票。
【难点】busconductor意为“公共汽车售票员”;agent意为“代理人，中介人”;officer意为“军官，官员”;inspect or意为“检查员，视察员”。
2、____, she led a life of complete seclusion.A、BeingdisgracedB、DisgracedC、DisgracingD、Shewasdisgraced正确答案：B答案解析：【句意】失宠后，她过着完全隐居的生活。
【难点】disgraced在这里是过去分词作状语，表示伴随状态。
3、With one leg broken in that car accident, he cannot even walk, ____ run.A、letaloneB、that’stosayC、nottospeakD、nottomention正确答案：A答案解析：【句意】在车祸中，他的一条腿骨折，他连走路都不行，更不用说跑了。
【难点】letalone意为“更不必说”;nottomention意为“再加上”;thatistosay意为“也就是说”4、Nowhere but in the remotest region of the country ____find a place to settle down.A、canheB、hecanC、heD、forhimto正确答案：A答案解析：【句意】他只能在最遥远的地方找个安身之处。
英语八级听力试题及答案
英语八级听力试题及答案I. 短对话理解（共10题，每题1分，满分10分）根据所听材料，选择最佳答案。
1. A) He is a writer.B) He is a teacher.C) He is a student.D) He is a doctor.2. A) The woman has lost her way.B) The man is not familiar with the area.C) The woman is asking for directions.D) The man is giving directions.3. A) The man is not interested in the movie.B) The movie has been canceled.C) The woman is looking for a movie ticket.D) The man has already seen the movie.4. A) The woman is too busy to go out.B) The man is inviting the woman to dinner.C) The man is asking the woman to work overtime.D) The woman is reluctant to accept the invitation.5. A) The woman is a new employee.B) The man is the woman's supervisor.C) The woman is asking for a raise.D) The man is giving the woman a promotion.6. A) The man is worried about the exam.B) The woman is confident about the exam.C) The exam is very difficult.D) The exam results are not important.7. A) The woman is going to the library.B) The man is looking for a book.C) The library is closed today.D) The woman is returning a book.8. A) The man is late for the meeting.B) The woman is waiting for the man.C) The meeting has been postponed.D) The man is on his way to the meeting.9. A) The woman is a vegetarian.B) The man is allergic to seafood.C) The woman is ordering a meal.D) The man is suggesting a restaurant.10. A) The woman is going to the airport.B) The man is leaving for a trip.C) The woman is taking a taxi.D) The man is asking for a ride.II. 长对话理解（共5题，每题2分，满分10分）根据所听材料，回答以下问题。
2018-2019年专八（TEM8）真题、答案及听力原文（整理打印版）.do..
TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS (2006)-GRADE EIGHT-TIME LIMIT: 195 MIN PART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION (35MIN)SECTION A MINI-LECTUREIn this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You. will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture. When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking.Complete the gap-filling task, some of the gaps below may require a maximum of THREE words. Make sure the word(s) you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may refer to your notes.Meaning in Literature (2006)In reading literary works, we are concerned with the ―meaning‖ of one literary piece or another. However, finding out what something really means is a difficult issue. There are three ways to tackle meaning in literature.I. Meaning is what is intended by (1) _________. (1) _________Apart from reading an author‘s work in question, readers need to1) read (2) __________by the same author; (2) _________2) get familiar with (3) __________ at the time; (3) _________3) get to know cultural values and symbols of the time.II. Meaning exists ―in‖ the text itself.1) some people‘s vi ew: meaning is produced by the formal propertiesof the text like (4)_______, etc. (4) _________2) speaker‘s view: meaning is created by both conventions of meaning and (5)______. (5) _________ Therefore, agreement on meaning could be created by common traditionsand conventions of usage. But different time periods and different(6) _____ perspectives could lead to different interpretations of meaning in a text. (6) _________III. Meaning is created by (7) __________. (7) _________1) meaning is (8) ___________; (8) _________2) meaning is contextual;3) meaning requires (9) ___________; (9) _________----practicing competency in reading ----practicing other competencies----background research in (10) ___________, etc. (10) _________ SECTION B INTERVIEWIn this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Mark the correct answer to each question on your colored answer sheet.Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions. Now listen to the interview.1. Which of the following statements is TRUE about Miss Green‘s university days?A. She felt bored.B. She felt lonely.C. She cherished them.D. The subject was easy.2. Which of the following is NOT part of her job with the Department of Employment?A. Doing surveys at workplace.B. Analyzing survey results.C. Designing questionnaires.D. Taking a psychology course.3. According to Miss Green, the main difference between the Department of Employment and the advertising agency lies in___.A. the nature of work.B. office decoration.C. offi ce location.D. work procedures.4. Why did Miss green want to leave the advertising agency?A. She felt unhappy inside the company.B. She felt work there too demanding.C. She was denied promotion in the company.D. She longed for new opportunities.5. How did Miss Green react to a heavier workload in the new job?A. She was willing and ready.B. She sounded mildly eager.C. She a bit surprised.D. She sounded very reluctant. SECTION C NEWS BROADCASTIn this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Mark the correct answer to each question on your coloured answer sheet.Questions 6 and 7 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the two questions. Now listen to the news.6. The man stole the aircraft mainly because he wanted to ______.A. destroy the European Central Bank.B. have an interview with a TV station.C. circle skyscrapers in downtown Frankfurt.D. remember the death of a US astronaut.7. Which of the following statements about the man is TRUE?A. He was a 31-year-old student from Frankfurt.B. He was piloting a two-seat helicopter he had stolen.C. He had talked to air traffi c controllers by radio.D. He threatened to land on the European Central Bank.Question 8 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the question. Now listen to the news.8. The news is mainly about the city government‘s plan to ______.A. expand and improve the existing subway system.B. build underground malls and parking lots.C. prevent further land subsidence.D. promote advanced technology.Questions 9 and 10 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the two questions. Now listen to the news.9. According to the news, what makes thi s credit card different from conventional ones is ______.A. that it can hear the owner‘s voice.B. that it can remember a password.C. that it can identify the owner‘s voi ce.D. that it can remember the owner‘s PIN.10. The newly developed credit card is said to said to have all the following EXCEPT ______.A. switch.B. battery.C. speaker.D. built-in chip.PART II READING COMPREHENSION (30MIN)In this section there are four reading passages followed by a total of 20 multiple-choice questions.Read the passages and then mark your answers on your coloured answer sheet.TEXT AThe University in transformation, edited by Australian futurists Sohail Inayatullah and Jennifer Gidley, presents some 20 highly varied outlooks on tomorrow‘s universities by writers representing both Western and mon-Western perspectives. Their essays raise a broad range of issues, questioning nearly every key assumption we have about higher education today.The most widely discussed alternative to the traditional campus is the Internet University –a voluntary community to scholars/teachers physically scattered throughout a country or around the world but all linked in cyberspace. A computerized university could have many advantages, such as easy scheduling, effi cient delivery of lectures to thousands or even millions of students at once, and ready access for students everywhere to the resources of all the world‘s great libraries.Yet the Internet University poses dangers, too. For example, a line of franchised courseware, produced by a few superstar teachers, marketed under the brand name of a famous institution, and heavily advertised, might eventually come to dominate the global education market, warns sociology professor Peter Manicas of the University of Hawaii at Manoa. Besides enforcing a rigidly standardized curriculum, such a ―college education in a box‖ could undersell the offerings of many traditional brick and mortar institutions, effectively driving then out of business and throwing thousands of career academics out of work, note Australian communications professors David Rooney and Greg Hearn.On the other hand, while global connectivity seems highly likely to play some significant role in future higher education, that does not mean greater uniformity in course content – or other dangers – will necessarily follow. Counter-movements are also at work.Many in academia, including scholars contributing to this volume, are questioning the fundamental mission of university education. What if, for instance, instead of receiving primarily technical training and building their individual careers, university students and professors could focus their learning and research efforts on existing problems in their local communities and the world? Feminist scholar Ivana Milojevic dares to dream what a university might become ―if we believed that child-care workers and teachers in early childhood education should be one of the highest (rather than lowest) paid professionals?‖Co-editor Jennifer Gidley shows how tomorrow‘s university faculty, instead of giving lectures and conducting independent research, may take on three new roles. Some would act as brokers, assembling customized degree-credit programmes for individual students by mixing and matching the best course offerings available from institutions all around the world. A second group, mentors, would fu nction much like today‘s faculty advisers, but are likely to be working with many more students outside their own academic specialty. This would require them to constantly be learning from their students as well as instructing them.A third new role for fa culty, and in Gidley‘s view the most challenging and rewarding of all, would be as meaning-makers: charismati c sages and practitioners leading groups of students/colleagues in collaborative efforts to find spiritual as well as rational and technological solutions to specifi c real-world problems.Moreover, there seems little reason to suppose that any one form of university must necessarily drive out all other options. Students may be ―enrolled‖ in courses offered at virtual campuses on the Internet, between–or even during –sessions at a real-world problem-focused institution.As co-editor Sohail Inayatullah points out in his introduction, no future is inevitable, and the very act of imagining and thinking through alternative possibilities can directly affect how thoughtfully, creatively and urgently even a dominant technology is adapted and applied. Even in academia, the future belongs to those who care enough to work their visions into practical, sustainable realities.11. When the book reviewer discusses the Internet University, ______.A. he is in favor of it.B. his view is balanced.C. he i s slightly critical of it.D. he is strongly critical of it.12.Whi ch of the following is NOT seen as a potential danger of the Internet University?A. Internet-based courses may be less costly than traditional ones.B. Teachers in traditional institutions may lose their jobs.C. Internet-based courseware may lack variety in course content.D. The Internet University may produce teachers with a lot of publicity.13. According to the review, what is the fundamental mi ssion of traditional university education?A. Knowledge learning and career building.B. Learning how to solve existing social problems.C. Researching into solutions to current world problems.D. Combining research efforts of teachers and students in learning.14. Judging from the Three new roles envisioned for tomorrow's university faculty, university teachers ______.A. are required to conduct more independent research.B. are required to offer more course to their students.C. are supposed to assume more demanding duties.D. are supposed to supervise more students in their specialty.15.Whi ch category of writing does the review belong to?A. Narration.B. DescriptionC. persuasionD. Exposition.TEXT BEvery street had a story, every building a memory. Those blessed with wonderful childhoods can drive the streets of their hometowns and happily roll back the years. The rest are pulled home by duty and leave as soon as possible. After Ray Atlee had been in Clanton (his hometown) for fifteen minutes he was anxious to get out.The town had changed, but then it hadn't. On the highways leading in, the cheap metal buildings and mobile homes were gathering as tightly as possible next to the roads for maximum visibility. This town had no zoning whatsoever. A landowner could build anything wiih no permit no inspection, no noti ce to adjoining landowners. nothing. Only hog farms and nuclear reactors required approvals and paperwork. The result was a slash-and-build clutter that got uglier by the year.But in the older sections, nearer the square, the town had not changed at all The long shaded streets were as clean and neat as when Kay roamed them on his bike. Most of the houses were still owned by people he knew, or if those folks had passed on the new owners kept the lawns clipped and the shutters painted. Only a few were being neglected. A handful had been abandoned. This deep in Bible country, it was still an unwritten rule in the town that little was done on Sundays except go to church, sit on porches, visit neighbors, rest and relax the way God intended.It was cloudy, quite cool for May, and as he toured his old turf, killing time until the appointed hour for the family meeting, he tried to dwell on the good memories from Clanton. There was Dizzy Dean Park where he had played little League for the Pirates, and (here was the public pool he'd swum in every summer except 1969 when the city closed it rather than admit black children. There were the churches - Baptist, Methodist, and Presbyterian - facing each other at the intersection of Second and Elm like wary sentries, their steeples competing for height. They were empty now, hut in an hour or so the more faithful would gather for evening servi ces.The square was as lifeless as the streets leading to it. With eight thousand people, Clanton was just large enough to have attracted the discount stores that had wiped out so many small towns. But here the people had been faithful to their downtown merchants, and there wasn‘t s single empty or boarded-up building around the square – no small miracle. The retail shops were mixed in with the banks and law offices and cafes, all closed for the Sabbath.He inched through the cemetery and surveyed the Atlee section in the old part, where the tombstones were grander. Some of his ancestors had built monuments for their dead. Ray had always assumed that the family money he‘d never seen must have been buried in those graves. He parked and walked to his mot her‘s grave, something he hadn‘t done in years. She was buried among the Atlees, at the far edge of the family plot because she had barely belonged.Soon, in less than an hour, he would be sitting in his father‘s study, sipping bad instant tea and receivi ng instructions on exactly how his father would be laid to rest. Many orders were about to be give, many decrees and directions, because his father(who used to be a judge) was a great man and cared deeply about how he was to be remembered.Moving again, R ay passed the water tower he‘d climbed twi ce, the second time with the police waiting below. He grimaced at his old high school, a place he‘d never visited since he‘d left it. Behind it was the football field where his brother Forres t had romped over opponents and almost became famous before getting bounced off the team.It was twenty minutes before five, Sunday, May 7. Time for the family meeting.16. From the first paragraph, we get the impression that ______.A. Ray cherished his childhood memories.B. Ray had something urgent to take care of.C. Ray may not have a happy childhood.D. Ray cannot remember his childhood days.17. Which of the following adjectives does NOT describe Ray‘s hometown?A. Lifeless.B. Religious.C. Traditional.D. Quiet.18. Form the passage we can infer that the relationship between Ray and his parents was ______.A. close.B. remote.C. tense.D. impossible to tell.19. It can be inferred from the passage that Ray‘s father was all EXCEPT ______.A. considerate.B. punctual.C. thrifty.D. dominant.TEXT CCampaigning on the Indian frontier is an experience by itself. Neither the landscape nor the people find their counterparts in any other portion of the globe. Valley walls rise steeply five or six thousand feet on every side. The columns crawl through a maze of giant corridors down whi ch fierce snow-fed torrents foam under skies of brass. Amid these scenes of savage brilliancy there dwells a race whose qualities seem to harmonize with their environment. Except at harvest-time, when self-preservation requires a temporary truce, the Pathan tribes are al ways engaged in private or public war. Every man is a warrior, a politician and a theologian. Every large house is a real feudal fortress made, it is true, only of sun-baked clay, but with battlements, turrets, loopholes, drawbridges, etc. complete. Every village has its defence. Every family cultivates its vendetta; every clan, its feud. The numerous tribes and combinations of tribes all have their accounts to settle with one another. Nothing is ever forgotten, and very few debts are left unpaid. For the purposes of social life, in addition to the convention about harvest-time, a most elaborate code of honour has been established and is on the whole faithfully observed. A man who knew it and observed it faultlessly might passunarmed from one end of the frontier to another. The slightest technical slip would, however, be fatal. The life of the Pathan is thus full of interest; and hi s valleys, nourished alike by endless sunshine and abundant water, are fertile enough to yield with little labour the modest material requirements of a sparse population.Into this happy world the nineteenth century brought two new facts: the rifle and the British Government. The first was an enormous luxury and blessing; the second, an unmitigated nuisance. The convenience of the rifle was nowhere more appreciated than in the Indian highlands. A weapon which would kill with accuracy at fifteen hundred yards opened a whole new vista of delights to every family or clan which could acquire it. One could actually remain in one's own house and fire at one's neighbour nearly a mile away. One could lie in wait on some high crag, and at hitherto unheard-of ranges hit a horseman far below. Even villages could fire at each other without the trouble of going far from home. Fabulous prices were therefore offered for thes e glorious products of science. Rifle-thieves scoured all India to reinforce the efforts of the honest smuggler. A steady flow of the coveted weapons spread its genial influence throughout the frontier, and the respect which the Pathan tribesmen entertained for Christian civilization was vastly enhanced.The action of the British Government on the other hand was entirely unsatisfactory. The great organizing, advancing, absorbing power to the southward seemed to be little better than a monstrous spoil-sport. If the Pathan made forays into the plains, not only were they driven back (which after all was no more than fair), but a whole series of subsequent interferences took place, followed at intervals by expeditions which toiled laboriously through the valleys, scolding the tribesmen and exacting fines for any damage which they had done. No one would have minded these expeditions if they had simply come, had a fight and then gone away again. In many cases this was their practice under what was called the "butcher and bolt policy"to which the Government of India long adhered. But towards the end of the nineteenth century these intruders began to make roads through many of the valleys, and in particular the great road to Chitral. They sought to ensure the safety of these roads by threats, by forts and by subsidies. There was no objection to the last method so far as it went. But the whole of this tendency to road-making was regarded by the Pathans with profound distaste. All along the road people were expected to keep quiet, not to shoot one another, and above all not to shoot at travellers along the road. It was too much to ask, and a whole series of quarrels took their origin from this source.20.The word debts in "very few debts are left unpaid" in the first paragraph means ______.A. loans.B. accountsC. killingsD. bargains.21.Whi ch of the following is NOT one of the geographical facts about the Indian frontier?A. Melting snows.B. Large population.C. Steep hillsides.D. Fertile valleys.22. According to the passage, the Pathans welcomed ______.A. the introduction of the rifle.B. the spread of British rule.C. the extension of luxuriesD. the spread of trade.23. Building roads by the BritishA. put an end to a whole series of quarrels.B. prevented the Pathans from earning on feuds.C. lessened the subsidies paid to the Pathans.D. gave the Pathans a much quieter life.24. A suitable title for the passage would be ______.A. Campaigning on the Indian frontier.B. Why the Pathans resented the British rule.C. The popularity of rifles among the Pathans.D. The Pathans at war.TEXT D"Museum" is a slippery word. It first meant (in Greek) anything consecrated to the Muses: a hill, a shrine, a garden, a festival or even a textbook. Both Plato's A cademy and Aristotle's Lyceum had a mouseion, a muses' shrine. Although the Greeks already collected detached works of art, many temples - notably that of Hera at Olympia (before whi ch the Olympic flame is still lit) - had collections of objects, some of which were works of art by well-known masters, while paintings and sculptures in the Alexandrian Museum were incidental to its main purpose.The Romans also collected and exhibited art from disbanded temples, as well as mineral specimens, exotic plants, animals; and they plundered sculptures and paintings (mostly Greek) for exhibition. Meanwhile, the Greek word had slipped into Latin by transliteration (though not to signify picture galleries, which were called pinacothecae) and museum still more or less meant "Muses' shrine".The inspirational collections of precious and semi-precious objects were kept in larger churches and monasteries - which focused on the gold-enshrined, bejewelled relics of saints and martyrs. Princes, and later merchants, had similar collections, whi ch became the deposits of natural curiosities: large lumps of amber or coral, irregular pearls, unicorn horns, ostri ch eggs, fossil bones and so on. They also included coins and gems - often antique engraved ones - as well as, increasingly, paintings and sculptures. As they multiplied and expanded, to supplement them, the skill of the fakers grew increasingly refined.At the same time, visitors could admire the very grandest paintings and sculptures in the churches, palaces and castles; they were not "collected" either, but "site-specific", and were considered an integral part both of the fabric of the buildings and of the way of life which went on inside them - and most of the buildings were public ones. However, during the revival of antiquity in the fifteenth century, fragments of antique sculpture were given higher status than the work of any contemporary, so that displays of antiquities would inspire artists to imitation, or even better, to emulation; and so could be considered Muses' shrines in the former sense. The Medici garden near San Marco in Florence, the Belvedere and the Capitol in Rome were the most famous of such early "inspirational" collections. Soon they multiplied, and, gradually, exemplary "modern" works wereIn the seventeenth century, scientific and prestige collecting became so widespread that three or four collectors independently published directories to museums all over the known world. But it was the age of revolutions and industry which produced the next sharp shift in the way the institution was perceived: the fury against royal and church monuments prompted antiquarians to shelter them in asylum-galleries, of which the Musee des Monuments Francais was the most famous. Then, in the first half of thenineteenth century, museum funding took off, allied to the rise of new wealth:London acquired the National Gallery and the British Museum, the Louvre was organized, the Museum-Insel was begun in Berlin, and the Munich galleries were built. In Vienna, the huge Kunsthistorisches and Naturhistorisches Museums took over much of the imperial treasure. Meanwhile, the decline of craftsmanship (and of public taste with it) inspired the creation of "improving" collections. The Victoria and Albert Museum in London was the most famous, as well as perhaps the largest of them.25.The sentence "Museum is a slippery word" in the first paragraph means that ______.A. the meaning of the word didn't change until after the 15th century.B. the meaning of the word had changed over the years.C. the Greeks held different concepts from the Romans.D. princes and merchants added paintings to their collections.26.The idea that museum could mean a mountain or an object originates from ______.A. the Romans.B. Florence.C. Olympia.D. Greek.27. "... the skill of the fakers grew increasingly refined" in the third paragraph means that ______.A. there was a great demand for fakers.B. fakers grew rapidly in number.C. fakers became more skillful.D. fakers became more polite.28. Painting and sculptures on display in churches in the 15th century were ______.A. collected from elsewhere.B. made part of the buildings.C. donated by people.D. bought by churches.29. Modern museums came into existence in order to ______.A.protect royal and church treasures.B.improve existing collections.C.stimulate public interest.D.raise more funds.30. Which is the main idea of the passage?A. Collection and collectors.B. The evolution of museums.C. Modern museums and their functions.D. The birth of museums.PART III GENERAL KNOWLEDGE(10 MIN)There are ten multiple-choice questions in this section. Choose the best answers to each question. Mark your answers on your colored answer sheet.31.The Presidents during the American Civil War was______.A. Andrew JacksonB. Abraham LincolnC. Thomas JeffersonD. George Washington32.The capital of New Zealand is______.A. ChristchurchB. AucklandC. WellingtonD. Hamilton33. Who were the natives of Australia before the arrival of the British settlers?A. The AboriginesB. The MaoriC. The IndiansD. The Eskimos34. The Prime Minister in Britain is head of______.A. the Shadow CabinetB. the ParliamentC. the OppositionD. the Cabinet35. Which of the following writers is a poet of the 20th century?A. T. S. EliotB. D. H. LawrenceC. Theodore DreiserD. James Joyce36. The novel For Whom the Bell Tolls is written by______.A. Scott FitzgeraldB. William FaulknerC. Eugene O'NeilD. Ernest Hemingway37. _____ i s defined as an expression of human emotion which is condensed into fourteen linesA. Free verseB. SonnetC. OdeD. Epigram38. What essentially distinguishes semanti cs and pragmatics i s the notion of______.A. referenceB. meaningC. antonymyD. context39. The words "kid, child, offspring" are examples of______.A. dialectal synonymsB. stylistic synonymsC. emotive synonymsD. collocational synonyms40. The distinction between parole and langue was made by______.A. HallidayB. ChomskyC. BloomfieldD. SaussurePART IV PROOFREADING & ERROR CORRECTION (15 MIN)The passage contains TEN errors. Each indicated line contains a maximum of ONE error. In each case, only ONE wor d is involved You should proof, read the passage and correct it in the following way:For a wrong word, underline the wrong word and write the correct one in the blank pro-vided at the end of the line.For a missing word, mark the position of the missing word with a "^" sign and write the word you believe to be mi ssing in the blank provided at the end of the line.For an unnecessary word, cross the unnecessary word with a slash "/" and put the word in the blank provided at the end of the line.EXAMPLEWhen ^ art museum wants a new exhibit, (1)________it never buys things in finished form and hangs (2)________them on the wall. When a natural history museumwants an exhibition, it must often build it. (3)________We use language primarily as a means of communication withother human beings. Each of us shares with the community in which welive a store of words and meanings as well as agreeing conventions as (1)________。
英语专八完整试题及答案
英语专八完整试题及答案一、听力理解（Part I Listening Comprehension）Section A: Mini-Lecture1. The speaker mentioned several benefits of learning a second language. What are they?- A. Improved cognitive abilities- B. Enhanced job prospects- C. Increased cultural understanding- D. All of the above2. According to the lecture, what is the most challenging aspect of learning a new language?- A. Vocabulary acquisition- B. Grammar rules- C. Pronunciation- D. Cultural nuancesSection B: Interview3. What is the main topic of the interview?- A. The impact of technology on education- B. The role of arts in society- C. The importance of environmental conservation- D. The future of space exploration4. What does the interviewee suggest as a solution to thediscussed issue?- A. Government intervention- B. Public awareness campaigns- C. International collaboration- D. Technological innovation二、阅读理解（Part II Reading Comprehension）Passage 15. What is the main idea of the passage?- A. The history of the English language- B. The evolution of English literature- C. The influence of English on global communication- D. The development of English as a global lingua franca6. The author uses which of the following to support their argument?- A. Historical events- B. Personal anecdotes- C. Scientific studies- D. Survey resultsPassage 27. What is the author's purpose in writing this passage?- A. To persuade readers to adopt a healthier lifestyle- B. To inform readers about the latest health trends- C. To critique the current state of healthcare- D. To provide a comprehensive review of a health-related topic8. What is the author's stance on the topic discussed?- A. Skeptical- B. Supportive- C. Neutral- D. Critical三、语言知识（Part III Language Knowledge）9. Which of the following is the correct form of the verb "to be" in the past tense for the third person singular?- A. am- B. is- C. are- D. was10. The word "irrespective" is closest in meaning to:- A. regardless- B. respective- C. perspective- D. prospective四、翻译（Part IV Translation）Section A: English to Chinese11. Translate the following sentence into Chinese:- "The rapid development of technology has brought about significant changes in our daily lives."Section B: Chinese to English12. Translate the following sentence into English:- "随着全球化的不断深入，跨文化交流变得越来越重要。
专业英语八级(听力)-试卷115
专业英语八级（听力）-试卷115(总分：120.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、 LISTENING COMPREHENSION(总题数：4，分数：120.00)1.PART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION（分数：30.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 解析：2.SECTION A MINI-LECTUREIn this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear themini-lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening to the mini-lecture, please complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word(s) you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task.（分数：30.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 解析：How to Find Time for Yourself I. Introduction: ways to carve out your own timeA.【T1】 1: too busy【T1】 2B. Desire: some time for yourself II. Scheduling time for yourselfA. Evenings with yourself—saving certain【T2】3just for you【T2】4—doing whatever you want on those nightsB.【T3】5【T3】6C. Buying tickets【T4】7【T4】8—tickets for anything you enjoy: sports, concerts, etc.— scheduling the plans with a friend laterD. Leaving work on timeE. Joining a(n)【T5】 9【T5】 10F. Taking an adult education classG. Doing some exercise— deciding today— making it 【T6】11 tomorrow【T6】12III. Keeping yourself on the goA. Commuting via【T7】13transportation, using that time【T7】 14— for some reading or【T8】 15【T8】 16— for meditationB. Driving in your car—making the most of the time—【T9】17you spend that time【T9】18—changing "waiting time" into "【T10】 19"【T10】 20— doing reading, writing or entertainment items IV. Trying to be in synergyA. Two birds, one stoneB. Getting to work【T11】 21【T11】 22— getting exercise—using the time to think or enjoy musicC. Arriving early, using the time— for relaxation— for thinking, whateverD.【T12】 23【T12】 24— making a difference for others— escaping work and personal【T13】25【T13】26—growing as a personE. Taking a(n)【T14】27job【T14】28—making money— doing something you loveF. Having【T15】 29【T15】 30How to Find Time for Yourself I. Introduction: ways to carve out your own timeA.【T1】 31: too busy【T1】 32B. Desire: some time for yourself II. Scheduling time for yourselfA. Evenings with yourself—saving certain【T2】33just for you【T2】34—doing whatever you want on those nightsB.【T3】 35【T3】 36C. Buying tickets【T4】 37【T4】 38— tickets for anything you enjoy: sports, concerts, etc.— scheduling the plans with a friend laterD. Leaving work on timeE. Joining a(n)【T5】 39【T5】 40F. Taking an adult education classG. Doing some exercise— deciding today—making it【T6】 41 tomorrow【T6】 42III. Keeping yourself on the goA. Commuting via【T7】43transportation, using that time【T7】44—for some reading or【T8】45【T8】46—for meditationB. Driving in your car—making the most of the time—【T9】47you spend that time【T9】48—changing "waiting time" into "【T10】 49"【T10】 50— doing reading, writing or entertainment items IV. Trying to be in synergyA. Two birds, one stoneB. Getting to work【T11】 51【T11】 52— getting exercise— using the time to think or enjoy musicC. Arriving early, using the time— for relaxation—for thinking, whateverD.【T12】53【T12】54—making a difference for others—escaping work and personal【T13】 55【T13】 56— growing as a personE. Taking a(n)【T14】 57job【T14】58— making money— doing something you loveF. Having【T15】 59【T15】 60（分数：30.00）(1).【T1】（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：Reality）解析：解析：此题需要考生运用概括能力解答。
2024年英语专业八级考试真题
2024年英语专业八级考试真题English:The 2024 English Majors Level 8 Examination featured a diverse range of topics, reflecting the evolving landscape of English language studies. The reading comprehension section included passages exploring contemporary issues such as artificial intelligence, climate change, and global politics, challenging candidates to analyze and synthesize complex information. Additionally, the listening comprehension section incorporated a variety of accents and dialects to assess candidates' proficiency in understanding spoken English in diverse contexts. The writing tasks required candidates to demonstrate not only linguistic competence but also critical thinking skills, as they were tasked with crafting essays that addressed pressing societal issues from multiple perspectives. Furthermore, the speaking section encouraged candidates to engage in spontaneous dialogue, showcasing their ability to articulate thoughts clearly and fluently under time constraints. Overall, the examination aimed to assess candidates' comprehensive English language abilities, encompassing reading, listening, writing, andspeaking skills, in order to prepare them for success in academic and professional endeavors.Translated content:2024年英语专业八级考试涵盖了多样化的主题，反映了英语语言研究领域的不断发展。
专业英语八级(听力)练习试卷4(题后含答案及解析)
专业英语八级（听力）练习试卷4(题后含答案及解析) 题型有：1. LISTENING COMPREHENSIONPART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION (35 MIN)SECTION A MINI-LECTUREDirections: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture. When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking.听力原文：The Double Nature of Literary Translation Good morning, today’s lecture is the very first of a series of lectures on translation, so I’d like to spend some time discussing a very basic issue: nature of literary translation. Various definitions have been given to translation. Among them two definitions are most important. One is translation is a science and the other is translation is an art. The two definitions represent two schools—the school of science and the school of art. In my opinion, both schools have their strong points and weak points so far as literary, translation is concerned. Now there is a tendency to combine their theories into a comprehensive one. As a matter of fact, literary, translation has a double nature. That’s to say, on one hand, it is a science with its own laws and methods, and on the other, it is an art. Now let’s have a further discussion of its double nature. (1) First, we say translation is a science, because it has its own laws and methods. It should (2) reproduce the message of the original by means of the transformation of linguistic equivalence. It focuses on the study of description of the process of translation, and the structures and forms of language (3) so as to reveal the objective laws inherent in translating. Take the translation between English and Chinese for example. If we want to translate well, we must be entirely familiar with the content of the original and all the knowledge it concerns. In addition, we should have a comparatively comprehensive and thorough study of English and Chinese so that we may do our work with high proficiency. Although Chinese and English have their respective characteristics still we can do the translation between them. It is because language reflects the objective existence that is common to both English and Chinese. But at the same time we must admit that languages are quite different in characteristics and usage. This is the problem that troubles the translators. If one wants to be a qualified translator, one should have a penetrating study and careful comparison of the similarities and differenees between these two languages so that one may find the corresponding laws and methods in the translation between them, do translation effectively and ensure the quality of translation. Anyhow, it will never do for one to translate word for word and mechanically adhere to the superficial similarities in words, phrases and grammatical structures. He must follow the scientific process fromthorough understanding to accurate representation. The procedures are, first, the translator must (4)comprehend the content and style of the whole work before he sets his pen to paper, and then, creatively (5＆6) reproduce the original as it really is by using the corresponding laws and proper methods of translation in a flexible way so that the translation may be lifelike as well as intelligible. (7) Now let’s turn to the point of translation as an art. This means (8) translation re-creates a literary work by using expressions of another language. It emphasizes the effect of translation. There are quite a lot of people who lack a correct understanding of this. A popular fallacy is that translation is far easier than creation. Since such misunderstanding exists, it is necessary and worthwhile for us to discuss the following question: Is translation really far easier than creation? Writing is rather hard. That’s quite true. Not everybody can write satisfactorily. A writer should have had rich experience in life and accumulated a great deal of source material. What’s more, he should be good at generalization and creation. Only thus, it is possible for him to produce a satisfactory, work. And translation is not so easy as some non-professionals think it to be. We may state that it is rather difficult. A quailfled translator must possess the following three qualifications: First, he must be at home in the two languages concerned and quite familiar with their characteristics, similarities and differences. Secondly, he must have (9) a thorough understanding of the content, artistie features and style of the original and the historical background in which it was written. Thirdly, he must (10) know very well the basle principles and methods of translation and is experienced in practice. The difficulty in translation just lies in the fact that both the content and the style are already existent in the original and as a result, the translator will have to do his best to reproduce them as they are in quite a different language. However great the obstacles are, the translator can do nothing but manage to overcome them one by one. He must understand the content and style of the original thoroughly and profoundly, and then creatively and accurately reproduce it with the aid of his outstanding art of translation. Sometimes the translator is even forced to produce coinages. Thus it can be seen that the process of translation is actually a process of re-creation and reproduction. Creation and translation have their respective difficulties and prerequisites. How can we favor one and disfavor the other? In accordance with what we have discussed in the above, now we can come to the following eonclusions: Whether a work of translation is good or bad, readable or not, it has nothing to do with translation itself; rather, it depends on the artistic level and technique of the translator. Whoever has a good command of translation both in theory and technique can, of course, offer satisfactory translations. It is because, as pointed out at the very” beginning of this lecture, translation is not only a science with its own laws and methods but also an art of reproduction and re-creation.The Double Nature of Literary Translation Ⅰ. Introduction New tendency: combination of two theories Ⅱ. Translation is a (n)【1】. A. Reproduce message through transformation of【2】 B. Focus of study —Description of process of translation —Structures and forms of language C. Aim To reveal the【3】inherent in translating D. Procedures for a translator—Comprehend the【4】of the whole work —Reproduce the original by using corresponding【5】and proper【6】of translation Ⅲ. Translation is a (n)【7】.A. Translation is the【8】of a literary work.B. Three qualifications of a translator: —Competence in two languages —Thorough【9】of the original —Knowledge of the basic【10】and methods of translation1．【1】正确答案：science 涉及知识点：听力2．【2】正确答案：linguistic equivalence 涉及知识点：听力3．【3】正确答案：objective laws 涉及知识点：听力4．【4】正确答案：content and style 涉及知识点：听力5．【5】正确答案：laws 涉及知识点：听力6．【6】正确答案：methods 涉及知识点：听力7．【7】正确答案：art 涉及知识点：听力8．【8】正确答案：recreation 涉及知识点：听力9．【9】正确答案：understanding 涉及知识点：听力10．【10】正确答案：principles 涉及知识点：听力SECTION B INTERVIEWDirections: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions.Now listen to the interview.听力原文：W: With me today is Peter Williams from Kingston University. Welcome! Peter. changed to make them more relevant to small businesses.W: Well, I wish you every success with the course.M: Thank you.W: Pete, you have recently done a large research study on training in small businesses. What made you focus on small businesses? After all, most of your experience has been with the huge multinational Cleantex. And in fact you did run their training department, didn’t you?M: Well, you are partly right. You see, when I joined the university a year ago they wanted me to start a training program for small businesses. I’d just sold my own small business, which I’d started when I left Cleantex. The 8 years I ran my own business taught me more aboul training than all my years with Cleantex. But I felt I couldn’t base a training program on my experience alone. So I decided to do research first.W: And how much training did you find in most small companies. Can they afford to do much training?M: Well, firstly small businesses are often accused of not doing enough training. But that is the opinion of big businesses of course. It’s tree that the government is encouraging small firms to increase their training budgets. They’re trying to introduce financial assistance for this. But I have to say I find lots of training going on. (1) The real problem is that most small businesses don’t always know how much training they’re providing or how much it’s actually costing them.W: But surely businesses have budgets and training records.M: Unfortunately most small companies don’t set aside a specific training budget. (2) It’s not that they don’t want to spend the money but that they operate differently. You see, things change very quickly in small firms and it’s impossible to predict the training needs. An employee can be moved to a new project very suddenly and then training has to be organized within days. And most small businesses prefer to use their experienced staff to do any training on the job.W: Did you manage to work out the costs of training?M: Well, it took time to work out the indirect costs. (3) You see, most small business managers don’t include these costs in their calculations. Most of them keep records of obvious expenses, like, many expenses like external courses, travel, training manuals, and videos, etc. But not many firms have specific training accounts and they don’t include the time managers spend on training, waste of materials, loss of productivity and so on. I spent hours with company accountants t .rying to see where these hidden costs were.W: How much are small firms spending on training?M: More than half of the businesses I surveyed spent at least 1% of their annual salary bill on training. And some of these spent up to 5% of their pay roll. In fact smaller firms are investing on average over 10% more on training per employee than larger firms.W: How good is that training?M:As I said, small firms usually get an experienced employee to show new staff how to do that job. This can be useful if the person is carefully selected and well-trained himself. But it’s not really enough. The trainee needs to do the job with the experienced employee on hand for guidance and feedback. This gets trainees much better skills than any packaged courses.W: And has your study helped you plan new courses for small businesses?M: Definitely. I now understand what they want and how they want it delivered. I now know that small firms were only investing in training if it immediately helped their enterprise. But most formal training focuses on long-term business needs. (4) Most small businesses can’t plan far ahead. They want direct results from training in skills they need now. New technologies and IT skills are identified as a priority by all the firms I surveyed.W: What is the first course the university offer small businesses?M: (5) Up till now most of short courses for companies in general have dealt with helping businesses grow. These aren’t really appropriate for small companies as growth can be very risky for them. They obviously need to grow but they’re afraid of fast growth. I’m going to start with courses on IT and software the small companies are likely to require because of the business growth to come later. And they’ll need to be11．In his research, what did Peter Williams find about training in small firms?A．They spend too little on training.B．They are unaware of their training expenses.C．They receive state subsidies for training.D．They increase their training budgets.正确答案：B 涉及知识点：听力12．Small firms do not have specific training budgets becauseA．they do not want to invest in training.B．they do not have time to provide training.C．they do not plan their training.D．they do not have professional guidance.正确答案：C 涉及知识点：听力13．When calculating the cost of in-house training, many small finns do not includeA．course fees.B．managers’ time.C．accountants’ costs.D．travel expenses.正确答案：B 涉及知识点：听力14．Above all else, small firms want training thatA．will answer their short-term needs.B．does not require immediate investment.C．will help their planning procedures.D．will focus on long-term business needs.正确答案：A 涉及知识点：听力15．The first university courses for small companies will deal withA．business growth.B．computing needs.C．structural change.D．managerial skills.正确答案：B 涉及知识点：听力SECTION C NEWS BROADCASTDirections: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.听力原文：Israel has announced plans to build up to 750 new homes in a Jewish settlement in the occupied West Bank, near Jerusalem. The move is likely to complicate its US-brokered peace talks with the Palestinians. (6) Sunday’s announcement was made three clays after a Palestinian gunman killed eight students at a Jewish seminary in Jerusalem. Also on Sunday, Olmert promised to fight militants in the West Bank and Gaza. Tension was on the rise after Thursday’s attack, as Israel stepped up security across the country and imposed a full closure on the West Bank and Gaza.16．What happened on Thursday?A．Israel announced plans to build up to 750 new homes in a Jewish settlement.B．A Palestinian gunman killed eight students at a Jewish seminary.C．Israel stepped up security across the country.D．Ohnert promised to fight militants in the West Bank and Gaza.正确答案：B 涉及知识点：听力听力原文： A passenger train has slammed into a double-decker bus at a rail crossing in rural Argentina, killing eighteen people and leaving almost fifty injured. The train was traveling fiom the capital Buenos Aires to the South Atlantic beach resort of Mar del Plata (7) when the collision occurred before dawn on Sunday near Dolores, about 200 kilometers south of the capital. (8) The bus was canwing 61 passengers and 2 dryers. One of the bus passengers said the bus had tried to beat thetrain to the crossing, despite the train sounding its horn repeatedly as it approached. The train’s drivers also told investigators that the crossing barriers were down when the bus unexpectedly tried to cross the tracks in front of the train.17．Where did this accident happen?A．In the capital Buenos Aires.B．Near the beach resort of Mar del Plata.C．Near Dolores.D．Not mentioned.正确答案：C 涉及知识点：听力18．How many people were on the bus?A．18.B．50.C．2.D．63.正确答案：D 涉及知识点：听力听力原文：In the US, Democratic presidential candidate (9) Barack Obama has dismissed a suggestion by rival Hillary Clinton that he run as vice presidential candidate on her ticket. Obama says he has won twice as many states as Clinton. He also says he has won more popular votes and has more delegates than Clinton. And that it’s obvious that he will NOT become the running mate of a candidate in second place. Clinton and her husband—former President Bill Clinton—have been putting forward the idea of a joint ticket in recent days. But supporters of Obama say Clinton’s proposal is only a political maneuver. Clinton is locked in a tight battle with Obama to win the race to become the Democratic nominee to face Republican Senator John McCain in the November election.19．What was Baraek Obama’s response toward HillARy’s suggestion?A．He made no eomments on Hillary’s suggestion.B．He had no choice but to accept Hillary’s suggestion.C．He refused to take Hillary’s suggestion.D．He decided to quit the election campaign.正确答案：C 涉及知识点：听力听力原文：(10) The Philippine government bas banned news reports about the fighting on southern Jolo Island. But local villagers who fled the area say many people have been hurt. Philippine government troops launched a major attack againstMoslem separatist guerrillas on Jolo Island Saturday. The troops are trying to rescue 19 hostages held by Moslem rebels. Philippine defense minister told French reporters that there were no confirmed deaths or injuries among the hostages. However, the military is investigating unconfirmed reports that the rebels bad killed several of the hostages after the government attack began.20．The Philippine government has bannedA．news reports about the fighting in the Philippines.B．news reports about the fighting in the villages.C．news reports about the fighting on Jolo Island.D．some newspapers.正确答案：C 涉及知识点：听力。
专业英语八级(听力)-试卷120
专业英语八级（听力）-试卷120(总分：120.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、 LISTENING COMPREHENSION(总题数：4，分数：120.00)1.PART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION（分数：30.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 解析：2.SECTION A MINI-LECTUREIn this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear themini-lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening to the mini-lecture, please complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word(s) you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task.（分数：30.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 解析：Non-Verbal Communication In this talk, we are going to talk about the definition of non-verbal communication, dimensions of non-verbal communication and impression formation and management of nonverbal communication. I. Definition and the five primary functionsA. Definition: Communication that is produced by some means other than wordsB. The five primary functions1.【T1】1【T1】2—Through the face,【T2】3, and voice【T2】42.【T3】5 of interpersonal attitudes 【T3】 6— Tone of voice, gaze, and touch3. Accompany and support speech— Nodding one's head—Using phrases like "uh-huh" when another is talking4. Self-presentation— Appearance5.【T4】 7【T4】 8— Greetings, handshakes or other ritualsII. Traditional dimensions of nonverbal communication1. Physical appearance— The first nonverbal messages— Can be used to【T5】 9【T5】102. Territory and personal space—Personal space: the space an individual maintains around him or herself—Territory: a larger area an individual controls that can provide【T6】11【T6】123.【T7】13【T7】14—Happiness, surprise, fear, sadness, anger, disgust/contempt4.【T8】15【T8】 16— Reflect individual thought processes and regulate communication5. Touch— An interpersonal bond is being offered or established6. Time— Past-oriented: use past to【T9】 17【T9】18—Future-oriented: work for tomorrow—Present-oriented: live for todayIII. Impression formation and management of nonverbal communicationA. Definition: an individual's conscious attempt at control over communication behaviors to【T10】 19 others【T10】 20B. Two important functions for impression management:—【T11】 21 function: consciously trying to control the impression one【T11】 22makes on the person with whom one is communicating with—【T12】 23: consciously controlling your emotional response【T12】 24C. Four dimensions of impressions:—【T13】 25【T13】 26— Iikeability— Interpersonal attractiveness— DominanceD. Factors that influence the impressions we form about other people:—【T14】27【T14】28—First impressions—【T15】 29【T15】 30— Last impressionsNon-Verbal Communication In this talk, we are going to talk about the definition of non-verbal communication, dimensions of non-verbal communication and impression formation and management of nonverbal communication. I. Definition and the five primary functionsA. Definition: Communication that is produced by some means other than wordsB. The five primary functions1.【T1】 31【T1】 32— Through the face,【T2】 33, and voice【T2】 342.【T3】 35 of interpersonal attitudes【T3】36—Tone of voice, gaze, and touch3. Accompany and support speech—Nodding one's head— Using phrases like "uh-huh" when another is talking4. Self-presentation— Appearance5.【T4】37【T4】38—Greetings, handshakes or other ritualsII. Traditional dimensions of nonverbal communication1. Physical appearance— The first nonverbal messages— Can be used to【T5】 39【T5】402. Territory and personal space—Personal space: the space an individual maintains around him or herself—Territory: a larger area an individual controls that can provide【T6】41【T6】423.【T7】43【T7】44—Happiness, surprise, fear, sadness, anger, disgust/contempt4.【T8】45【T8】 46— Reflect individual thought processes and regulate communication5. Touch— An interpersonal bond is being offered or established6. Time— Past-oriented: use past to【T9】 47【T9】48—Future-oriented: work for tomorrow—Present-oriented: live for todayIII. Impression formation and management of nonverbal communicationA. Definition: an individual's conscious attempt at control over communication behaviors to【T10】 49 others【T10】 50B. Two important functions for impression management:—【T11】 51 function: consciously trying to control the impression one【T11】 52makes on the person with whom one is communicating with—【T12】 53: consciously controlling your emotional response【T12】 54C. Four dimensions of impressions:—【T13】 55【T13】 56— Iikeability— Interpersonal attractiveness— DominanceD. Factors that influence the impressions we form about other people:—【T14】57【T14】58—First impressions—【T15】 59【T15】 60— Last impressions（分数：30.00）(1).【T1】（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：Expression of emotion）解析：解析：非语言交际的五大功能中第一个就是情感表达。
专业英语八级(听力)-试卷114
专业英语八级（听力）-试卷114(总分：120.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、 LISTENING COMPREHENSION(总题数：4，分数：120.00)1.PART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION（分数：30.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 解析：2.SECTION A MINI-LECTUREIn this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear themini-lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening to the mini-lecture, please complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word(s) you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task.（分数：30.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 解析：Effective Note-takingThe difficulty of taking notes: Note-taking requires a high level of abilitydue to the【T1】 1 of spoken language.【T1】 2I. Before taking notes:A. Be sure of the 【T2】 3of yours and the speaker's.【T2】 4B. Review relevant background materials if【T3】 5.【T3】6II. While taking notes:A. Understand the new words by【T4】7the meanings from the context.【T4】8B. Study carefully the【T5】9, which usually implies【T5】10the most important information.C. Catch the speaker's【T6】 11through tone, gesture, repetition and【T6】 12illustration on the board.D. Pay attention to the speaker's indirect(7)to indicate what is important,【T7】 13like changes in speed, volume or【T8】 14.【T8】 15E. While writing down the main points, develop a system of mechanics:jotting down【T9】 16: using shorthand, abbreviations and symbols:【T9】17leaving out【T10】18 words.【T10】19F. While selecting words to write down, pick those having the【T11】20【T11】21information, like nouns, verbs or【T12】22, and those indicating【T12】23the proceeding direction of the lecture, like【T13】 24.【T13】 25III. After taking notes:A Review and【T14】 26 them as soon as possible.【T14】 27B.【T15】 28 notes with others to learn from them.【T15】 29Effective Note-takingThe difficulty of taking notes: Note-taking requires a high level of abilitydue to the【T1】 30 of spoken language.【T1】 31I. Before taking notes:A. Be sure of the 【T2】 32of yours and the speaker's.【T2】 33B. Review relevant background materials if【T3】34.【T3】 35II. While taking notes:A. Understand the new words by【T4】 36the meanings from the context.【T4】37B. Study carefully the【T5】38, which usually implies【T5】39the most important information.C. Catch the speaker's【T6】 40through tone, gesture, repetition and【T6】41illustration on the board.D. Pay attention to the speaker's indirect(7)to indicate what is important,【T7】 42like changes in speed, volume or【T8】 43.【T8】 44E. While writing down the main points, develop a system of mechanics:jotting down【T9】45: using shorthand, abbreviations and symbols:【T9】46leaving out【T10】47 words.【T10】48F. While selecting words to write down, pick those having the【T11】 49【T11】 50information, like nouns, verbs or【T12】 51, and those indicating【T12】52the proceeding direction of the lecture, like【T13】53.【T13】54III. After taking notes:A Review and【T14】 55 them as soon as possible.【T14】 56B.【T15】 57 notes with others to learn from them.【T15】 58（分数：30.00）(1).【T1】（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：diffusion）解析：解析：讲座的主题为“how to take notes effectively(如何有效地记笔记)”。
专八：99年专业八级真题（听力部分）
专八：99年专业八级真题（听力部分）专八：99年专业八级真题(听力部分)Part Ⅰ Listening Comprehension (40 min)In Sections A, B and C you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Mark the correct response to each question on your Coloured Answer Sheet.?SECTION A TALK?Questions 1 to 5 refer to the talk in this section. At the end of the talk you w ill be given 15 seconds to answer each of the following five questions. Now list en to the talk.?1. The technology to make machines quieter ___.?A. has been in use since the 1930’s?B. has accelerated industrial production?C. has just been in commercial use?D. has been invented to remove all noises?2. The modern electronic anti-noise devices ___.?A. are an update version of the traditional methods?B. share similarities with the traditional methods?C. are as inefficient as the traditional methods?D. are based on an entirely new working principle?3. The French company is working on anti-noise techniques to be used in a ll EXCEPT ___.?A. streetsB. factoriesC. aircraftD. cars?4. According to the talk, workers in “zones of quiet” can ___.?A. be more affected by noiseB. hear talk from outside the zone?C. work more efficientlyD. be heard outside the zone?5. The main theme of the talk is about ___.?A. noise-control technologyB. noise in factories?C. noise-control regulationsD. noise-related effects??SECTION B INTERVIEW?Questions 6 to 10 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you wil l be given 15 seconds to answer each of the following five questions. Now listen to the interview.?6. Employees in the US are paid for their time. This means that they are supposed to ___.?A. work hard while their boss is around?B. come to work when there is work to be done?C. work with initiative and willingness?D. work through their lunch break?。
英语专业8级试题及答案
英语专业8级试题及答案一、听力理解（共20分）1. 根据所听内容，选择正确的答案。
A. 选项AB. 选项BC. 选项CD. 选项D[听力材料][问题][答案] B2. 根据对话内容，回答以下问题。
A. 问题1B. 问题2[听力材料][答案]A. 问题1的答案B. 问题2的答案二、阅读理解（共30分）1. 阅读以下文章，回答后面的问题。
[文章内容]A. 问题1B. 问题2A. 问题1的答案B. 问题2的答案2. 阅读第二篇文章，并完成以下任务。
[文章内容]A. 问题1B. 问题2[答案]A. 问题1的答案B. 问题2的答案三、词汇与语法（共20分）1. 选择适当的词汇填空。
[例句] The _______ of the building is impressive.A. scaleB. skillC. speedD. spirit[答案] A2. 根据语法规则，选择正确的选项。
[例句] _______ he is very young, he is very knowledgeable.A. ThoughB. SinceC. BecauseD. Unless四、翻译（共20分）1. 将以下句子从英语翻译成中文。
[英文句子][答案] [中文翻译]2. 将以下句子从中文翻译成英语。
[中文句子][答案] [英文翻译]五、写作（共10分）根据以下提示写一篇不少于200词的短文。
[写作提示][范文][评分标准]请注意：以上内容仅为试题及答案的排版格式示例，具体题目和答案需要根据实际考试内容进行填充。
英语专业八级考试听力试题
英语专业八级考试听力试题英语专业八级考试听力试题上游，是勇士劈风破浪的终点，下游，是懦夫一帆风顺的归宿。
以下是店铺为大家搜索整理的英语专业八级考试听力试题，希望能给大家带来帮助，SECTION A STATEMENTIn this section you will hear nine statements. At the end of the statement you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following nine questions.1. Who is the speaker?A. An insurance agent.B. A fireman.C. A safeguard.D. A politician.2. What can we infer about Susan?A. She dresses fashionably as she spends plenty of money on them.B. She looks fashionable though she doesn’t spend much on dresses.C. She doesn’t spend much money on her dresses.D. She often spends too much money on her dresses.3. What does the statement mean?A. The room was too dry.B. The room was not dry enough.C. The paint was wet.D. The paint was too dry.4. We learn from the statement thatA. Lucy is very interested in video games.B. Lucy shows no interest in video games.C. Lucy often plays video games if she is free.D. Lucy plays better than her friends.5. What can we learn about Andrew?A. His petrol is used up.B. He just got his car filled.C. His car had a little petrol left when reaching the garage.D. He had a car accident.6. The speaker suggests thatA. appearances are not important.B. appearances are everything.C. lothes make the men.D. we should never trust appearances.7. What does the speaker say about Thurber?A. He is a great writer.B. His blind eye prevented him from writing good novels.C. His success depended on his childhood experience.D. He worked so hard in writing as to lose one of his eyes.8. What does the speaker imply?A. I knew the time of the concert from him.B. He didn’t tell me the time of the concert.C. He told me the time of the concert, but it was unnecessary.D. The concert began before I knew the time.9. The speaker suggests thatA. we should read every two lines carefully.B. we should find hidden and implied meanings.C. we should keep our eyes open for the book.D. we should get the meaning of every word.KEY TO LISTENING COMPREHENSION1.A2.C3.B4.B5.A6.D7.A8.C9.B 10.ASECTION A STATEMENT1. “我认为你们的保险单没有划定看待火灾造成的损失踪的保障。
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英语专业八级考试试题附听力4
改错：
We use language primarily as a means of communication with
other human beings. Each of us shares with the community in which we
live a store of words and meanings as well as agreeing conventions as (1)
to the way in which words should be arranged to convey a particular (2)
message: the English speaker has iii his disposal at vocabulary and a (3)
set of grammatical rules which enables him to communicate his (4) thoughts and feelings, ill a variety of styles, to the other English (5) speakers. His vocabulary, in particular, both that which he uses active-
[y and that which he recognises, increases ill size as he grows
old as a result of education and experience. (6)
But, whether the language store is relatively small or large, the system
remains no more, than a psychological reality for tike inpidual, unless
he has a means of expressing it in terms able to be seen by another
(7)
member of his linguistic community; he bas to give tile system a
concrete transmission form. We take it for granted rice’two most (8)
common forms of transmission-by means of sounds produced by our
vocal organs (speech) or by visual signs (writing). And these are (9) among most striking of human achievements. (10)
翻译
英译中：
I have nothing to offer but blood,toil,tears and sweat. We have before us an ordeal of the most grievous kind. We have before us many, many months of struggle and suffering.
You ask, what is our policy? I say it is to wage war by land, sea and air. War with all our might and with all the strength God has given us, and to wage war against a monstrous tyranny never surpassed in the dark and lamentable catalogue of human crime. That is our poliy.
You ask, what is our aim? I can answer in one word, It is victory. Victory at all costs-victory in spite of all terrors-victory, however long and hard the road may be, for without victory there is no survival.
Let that be realized. No survival for the British Empire, no survival
for all that the British Empire has stood for, no survival for the urge, the impulse of the ages, that mankind shall move forward toward his goal.
Translate the underlined part of the following text into English. Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET THREE.
中译英：
中国民族自古以来从不把人看作高于一切，在哲学文艺方面的表现都反映出人在自然界中与万物占着一个比例较为恰当的地位，而非绝对统治万物的主宰。
因此我们的苦闷，基本上比西方人为少为小；因为苦闷的强弱原是随欲望与野心的大小而转移的。
农业社会的人比工业社会的人享受差得多，因此欲望也小得多。
况中国古代素来以不滞于物，不为物役为最主要的人生哲学。
并非我们没有守财奴，但比起莫里哀与巴尔扎克笔下的守财奴与野心家来，就小巫见大巫了。
中国民族多数是性情中正和平、淡泊、朴实，比西方人容易满足。
写作部分：
Joseph Epstein, a famous American writer, once said, “We decide what is important and what is trivial in life. We decide (so) that what makes us significant is either what we do or what we refuse to do. But no matter how different the universe may be to our choices and decisions, these choices and decisions are ours to make. We decide. We choose. And as we decide and choose, so are our lives formed. In the end, forming our own de stiny is what ambition is about.” Do you agree or disagree with him? Write an essay of about 400 words entitled:。