9动词,时态

Choose the best answer: 1.I know him very well because we___ friends for ages. A. are B. were C. had been D. have been 2.I hope Lily will come to see me before she___. A. leave B. left C. leaves D. will leave 3.Look,here___the famous football player. Let’s go and take a picture with him. A. Come B. comes C. came D. has come
2.最常用的短语动词 (1)动词+介词 look at, listen to (2)动词+副词 get up, pick up, put on (3)动词+名词+介词 take part in, pay attention to (4)动词+副词+介词 keep up with, look forward to (5)be+形容词+介词 be good at, be interested in
(3)有些表示位置移动的动词,如 come,go,start,arrive,leave,return等,可用 现在进行时表示按计划或安排即将要进行的 动作. He is coming to see me on Friday. We are going to the cinema tonight. She is flying to Beijing tomorrow.
6.When you called me this morning, I___the newspaper. A. read B. was reading C. reads D. has read 7.The wind ___ hard when I came back home this afternoon. A. was blowing B. blew C. has blown D. blows 8.I used to drink a lot of coffee but these days I___ tea. A. prefer B. am preferring C. preferred D. Have preferred
7.现在完成时 (1)只有表示延续的动作或状态的动词(如study, live,work,teach等),才能用于表示过去已经开始, 持续到现在,往往和表示一段时间的状语连用. Come,become,join,get up等动词只表示短暂的 动作,不能这样用,这时需要用be来表示延续的状态. He has been here for half a year. His father has been a Party member for fifty years. Her brother has been in the army for three years.
(3) “have/has been”和 “have/has gone” 的区别 Where has he been? Where has he gone? She has been to Shanghai. She has gone to Shanghai.
8.过去完成时 (1)用 by,at,before等构成的短语. How many English words had you learned by the end of last term? At the age of six she had learned to play the piano. We had got to the station before 7 o’clock. (2)用when,before等引导的从句. The train had left before he reached the station. The film had already begun when we got to the cinema.
11.The telephone___four times in the last hour, and each time it___for my roommate. A.has rung,was B.was ringing,is C.had rung,was D.rang,has been 12.Do you have his telephone number? He___me his telephone number but I’m afraid I___it. A.gives,lost B.gave,have lost C.had given,lost D.has given,have lost
(3) 过去完成时还可以表示从过去某一时间 开始,并持续到过去另一时间的动作或状 态,往往和由for 或since引导的表示一段 时间的短语或从句连用. He had studied English for two years before he came here. She said that she had lived here since 1980.
9.过去将来时 (1)表示从过去某一时间看来将要发生的动 作或存在的状态. 过去将来时常用在宾语从 句中. I said that I should/would go to see him the next day. He told me the meeting would begin at half past eight. I asked him whether he would take part in the work.
4.一般过去时的用法 (1)表示过去常常或反复发生的动作,要和 often,always,once a week等表示频度的时间状语 连用. While my brother was in the army, I wrote to him twice a week. He always went to work by bus. When we lived there, we went to see him very often.
(4)某些动词(如come,go,start,leave等)的 一般现在时可表示按计划或时间表要发生的 动作. The train leaves at 6:30. Mr. Smith starts for England tomorrow. (5)be+动词不定式表示安排了要在将来做 的事. The Queen is to visit Italy next year. He is to speak on TV tonight.
(2)现在完成时和一般过去时的区别 现在完成时和一般过去时都表示在过去完成的 动作，但现在完成时是表示过去发生的动作对现 在造成的影响或结果，强调的是现在的情况，所 以它不能和表示过去时间的状语连用，而一般过 去时只单纯表示过去的动作或状态，和现在不发 生关系，它可以和表示过去时间的状语连用。 He has lived here since 1980. He lived here in 1980. She has been ill for three days. She was ill for three days.
6.现在进行时 (1)表示当前一段时期内的活动或现阶段正 在进行(说话时不一定在进行)的动作. They are planting trees these days. What are you doing here in Beijing? I’m showing some foreign guests round the city. (2)有时可以表示将来的动作. He is leaving for Nanjing this evening. I am seeing the American film tonight.
(2) 过去将来时也可以用“was/were going to+动词原形”来表示. She said she was going to visit an exhibition next Saturday. He said there was going to be a concert this evening. I was sure they were going to do that.
(2)表示过去常常或反复发生的动作,也可以 用used to+动词原形或用would+动词原形. I used to smoke, But I’ve stopped now. She would talk to herself for hours.
5.一般将来时 (1)表示将来经常或反复发生的动作. We will come to see you every Sunday. They will go to the cinema twice a month. (2)be going to+动词原形, 表示即将发生 的事,或打算,计划,决定要做的事,或可能要发 生的事. There is going to be a film tonight. It’s going to snow.
(3)在时间,条件状语从句中表示将来的动 作. When he arrives, he’ll tell us about it. If he runs, he’ll get there in time. (4)表示时间短暂的动作. Here come the bus. There goes the bell. I declare the meeting open.
4.___for New York? Yet. And I will come back next week. A. Have you left B. Do you leave C. Are you leaving D. Did you leave 5.Once he___to do something, no one can hold him back. A. Will make up his mind B. is making up his mind C. Made up his mind D. Makes up his mind