托福历年答案
托福(阅读)历年真题试卷汇编4(题后含答案及解析)
托福（阅读）历年真题试卷汇编4(题后含答案及解析) 题型有： 3. Reading ComprehensionSections Three：Reading ComprehensionEarly Theories of Continental DriftP1: The idea that the geography of Earth was different in the past than it is today is not new. As far back as 1620, Francis Bacon spotted that the west coast of Africa and the east coast of South America looked as if they would fit together, like pieces of a jigsaw puzzle. Between then and 1912, other people identified further similarities between other continental coastlines. But because much of the early support for mobilism was based on far-flung intercontinental similarities, geologists tended to be skeptical of the fieldwork of others.P2: During the late nineteenth century, Austrian geologist Eduard Suess proposed the name “Gondwanaland”in his book The Face of the Earth (1885) and gave far greater emphasis to the evolutionary nature of the earth and he noted the similarities among the Late Paleozoic plant fossils of India, Australia, South Africa, and South America. Based upon glossopteris fern fossils in such regions, he explained that the three land masses were once connected in a supercontinent which he names Gondwanaland, and that the ocean flooded the spaces currently between those lands. Thus, in his view, the similarities of fossils on these continents could be accounted for by postulating the concept of a land bridge that existed once but subsided later.P3: Later, a number of refinements to Suess’s theory were made. The American geologist Frank Taylor published a pamphlet in 1910 presenting his concept of “horizontal displacement”. He explained the formation of mountain ranges as a result of the lateral movements of continents. With the earth’s capture of the moon, the gravitational forces between them generated a pull towards lower latitudes where they thickened and formed folded mountain belts especially in middle latitudes. Although we now know that Taylor’s explanation of continental drift is erroneous, one of his most significant contributions was his suggestion that the Mid-Atlantic Ridge—an underwater mountain range discovered by the 1872-1876 British HMS Challenger expeditions—might mark the site at which an ancient continent broke apart, forming the present-day Atlantic Ocean.P4: However, it is Alfred Wegener, a German meteorologist, who is generally credited with developing the hypothesis of continental drift. In his monumental book, The Origin of Continents and Oceans (1915), Wegener theorized that a single supercontinent he called “Pangaea”existed sometime between 350 million to 225 million years ago. Wegner portrayed his grand concept of continental movement in a series of maps showing the breakup of Pangaea and the movement of various continents to their present-day locations. What evidence did Wegener use to support his hypothesis of continental drift? First, Wegener noted that there is geographical similarity along both the coasts of the Atlantic Ocean. The opposing coasts of the Atlantic can be fitted together in the same way as two cut off pieces of wood can be refitted. Furthermore, mountain ranges and glacial deposits seem tomatch up in such a way that suggests continents could have once been a single landmass. Finally, many of the same fossils and vegetative remains are found today on widely separated continents, indicating that the continents must have been in proximity at one time. During his days, Wegener was regarded as an advocate rather than as an impartial scientific observer, appearing to ignore vast evidence unfavorable to his ideas and distort other evidence to bring it into harmony with the theory.P5: After Wegener’s death, a South African geologist Alexander Du Toit continued to assemble fossil evidence for Pangaea. He noted that fossils of the now extinct reptile “Mesosaurus”occur in rocks of the same age in both Brazil and South Africa. Because the physiology of freshwater and marine animals is completely different, it is hard to imagine how a freshwater reptile could have swum across the Atlantic Ocean and then found a freshwater environment nearly identical to its former habitat. Moreover, if Mesosaurus could have swum across the ocean, its fossil remains should be widely dispersed. It is more logical to assume that Mesosaurus lived in lakes in what were once adjacent areas of South America and Africa when it was united into a single continent. Notwithstanding all of the empirical evidence in favor of continental drift theory presented here, most geologists at the time refused to entertain the idea.P6 :The debate over continental drift has the same role and stature in the history of the earth sciences as the debate over Darwinian evolution in the history of life sciences and the debates over relativity and quantum theory in the history of physics. In the largest sense, the history of earth science, the history of biology, and the history of physics in the 20th century are all histories of the consolidation of opinion and the formation of broad consensus—that these theories were the best way to organize and advance these sciences.P5: After Wegener’s death, a South African geologist Alexander Du Toit continued to assemble fossil evidence for Pangaea.■He noted that fossils of the now extinct reptile “Mesosaurus” occur in rocks of the same age in both Brazil and South Africa.■Because the physiology of freshwater and marine animals is completely different, it is hard to imagine how a freshwater reptile could have swum across the Atlantic Ocean and then found a freshwater environment nearly identical to its former habitat. ■Moreover, if Mesosaurus could have swum across the ocean, its fossil remains should be widely dispersed. It is more logical to assume that Mesosaurus lived in lakes in what were once adjacent areas of South America and Africa when it was united into a single continent. ■Notwithstanding all of the empirical evidence in favor of continental drift theory presented here, most geologists at the time refused to entertain the idea.1．According to paragraph 2, Eduard Suess believed that similarities of plant and animal fossils on the southern continents were due toA．living in the southern climateB．crossing the land bridgesC．fossilization in the coal layersD．movements of the supercontinent正确答案：B解析：【事实信息题】题目问动植物化石的相似性是因为什么，文中提到“the similarities of fossils on these continents could be accounted for by”所以原因是之前有陆桥后来消失了，答案是B。
toefl试题及答案
toefl试题及答案TOEFL试题及答案一、听力理解（Listening Comprehension）1. 根据所听对话，选出正确的答案。
A. 学生在图书馆找书。
B. 学生在询问课程安排。
C. 学生在讨论课题研究。
D. 学生在讨论作业问题。
答案：A2. 根据所听讲座，选出正确的答案。
A. 教授在讨论历史事件。
B. 教授在分析文学作品。
C. 教授在讲解科学理论。
D. 教授在介绍艺术作品。
答案：B二、阅读理解（Reading Comprehension）1. 阅读以下段落，回答以下问题："The Industrial Revolution brought about significant changes in the way people worked and lived."A. What was the main impact of the Industrial Revolution?B. How did the Industrial Revolution affect the daily life of people?答案：A. The main impact of the Industrial Revolution was the significant changes in the way people worked and lived.B. The Industrial Revolution affected the daily life of people by altering their work patterns and living conditions.2. 阅读以下段落，选择最佳 "The role of technology in education has been a topic of debate for many years. Some argue that it enhances learning, while others believe it can be a distraction."A. The Pros and Cons of Technology in EducationB. The History of Technology in EducationC. The Debate Over Technology in EducationD. The Future of Technology in Education答案：C三、口语表达（Speaking Expression）1. 根据以下提示，进行口语回答：- Describe a memorable event from your childhood.- Explain why it was memorable.答案示例：One of the most memorable events from my childhood was the day I learned to ride a bicycle. It was a sunny afternoon, and my father was teaching me. After several attempts and falls, I finally managed to ride without support. The feeling of accomplishment and the joy of mastering a new skill madeit an unforgettable experience.2. 根据以下情景，进行口语回答：- You are planning a trip with friends. Discuss thefactors you consider when choosing a destination.答案示例：When planning a trip with friends, I consider several factors such as the interests of the group, the budget, the weather, and the accessibility of the destination. We usually discuss our preferences and make a list of potential places. Then, we evaluate them based on the mentioned factors and make a decision that suits everyone.四、写作任务（Writing Task）1. Write an essay discussing the importance of environmental protection and the role individuals can play in it.答案示例（略）：考生需根据题目要求，撰写一篇不少于300字的议论文，阐述环境保护的重要性以及个人如何参与其中。
托福英语试题题库及答案
托福英语试题题库及答案1. 阅读部分：阅读以下段落，并回答相关问题。
In the early 20th century, the industrial revolution brought about significant changes in the way people worked and lived. Factories became the new centers of economic activity, and cities grew rapidly as people moved from rural areas to urban centers in search of employment opportunities.问题1：工业革命发生在哪个世纪？答案：20世纪。
问题2：工业革命对人们的工作方式和居住方式产生了怎样的影响？答案：工业革命使得工厂成为新的经济活动中心，人们为了寻找就业机会从农村地区迁移到城市中心，导致城市迅速扩张。
2. 听力部分：听以下对话，并回答相关问题。
Speaker 1: I'm really looking forward to the weekend. I've planned a hiking trip to the mountains.Speaker 2: That sounds like a great idea. I've been feeling a bit stressed lately, and I think getting out in nature woulddo me good.问题1：Speaker 1计划在周末做什么？答案：去山里徒步旅行。
问题2：Speaker 2为什么认为去徒步旅行是个好主意？答案：因为最近感到有些压力，认为在大自然中走走会对自己有好处。
3. 口语部分：描述你最喜欢的一种户外活动，并解释为什么喜欢它。
托福考试试题及答案
托福考试试题及答案托福考试(TOEFL，Test of English as a Foreign Language)是世界上最广泛接受的英语语言能力考试之一。
下面将为您介绍一些常见的托福考试试题以及相应的答案。
请注意，以下内容仅供参考，不代表具体考试内容。
听力部分听力是托福考试的第一部分，主要测试考生对于英语口语和听力的理解能力。
听力部分通常包括短对话、长对话和听力文章。
短对话试题示例：A: What are you planning to do this weekend?B: I'm going to visit my grandparents. They live in the countryside.答案：B长对话试题示例：A: Why did you decide to study abroad?B: I wanted to experience a different culture and improve my language skills.答案：B试题示例：According to the professor, what is one possible cause of the decline in bee populations?A. PesticidesB. Climate changeC. Habitat loss答案：A阅读部分阅读部分主要考察考生的阅读理解能力和对于不同类型文本的理解。
题型包括单选题、多选题、主旨题、细节题等。
单选题试题示例：The word "complacent" in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to__________.A. satisfiedB. carelessC. competitive答案：A试题示例：Which of the following are mentioned as reasons for the decline in newspaper readership? (Select three.)A. The rise of online newsB. Lack of interest in current eventsC. High cost of subscriptionsD. Decrease in the quality of journalism答案：A、C、D写作部分写作部分是托福考试的最后一部分，主要考察考生的英文写作能力。
英语托福试题及答案
英语托福试题及答案一、听力部分1. 问题：What is the main topic of the lecture?答案：The main topic of the lecture is the impact of industrialization on the environment.2. 问题：According to the professor, what is the primarycause of air pollution?答案：The primary cause of air pollution, according to the professor, is the burning of fossil fuels.3. 问题：What is the student's suggestion to reduce pollution?答案：The student suggests using renewable energy sourcesto reduce pollution.二、阅读部分1. 问题：What does the author argue about the role of technology in education?答案：The author argues that technology has the potentialto enhance learning experiences but also emphasizes the importance of its proper integration into the curriculum.2. 问题：What evidence does the author provide to support the benefits of technology in education?答案：The author provides evidence such as increasedstudent engagement, access to a wider range of resources, and the ability to personalize learning.3. 问题：What is the author's view on the challenges of integrating technology into education?答案：The author believes that challenges include the need for teacher training, the digital divide, and the risk of distraction.三、口语部分1. 问题：Describe a memorable event from your childhood.答案：One memorable event from my childhood was my first visit to a zoo, where I was amazed by the variety of animals and learned about their habitats.2. 问题：Why do you think it is important to learn a second language?答案：Learning a second language is important because it opens up opportunities for communication, broadens cultural understanding, and enhances cognitive abilities.3. 问题：What are some ways to improve your English speaking skills?答案：Some ways to improve English speaking skills include practicing with native speakers, joining language exchange groups, and using language learning apps.四、写作部分1. 问题：Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? University education should be free for all students.答案：[Your response should be a well-organized essay that includes an introduction, body paragraphs with supporting arguments, and a conclusion.]2. 问题：Some people believe that the government should spend more on art and culture, while others think that this money should be used for other public services. Discuss both views and give your opinion.答案：[Your response should be a well-organized essay that presents the arguments for both views, provides your own opinion, and includes a conclusion.]3. 问题：Describe a person who has had a significant influence on your life and explain why this person is important to you.答案：[Your response should be a descriptive essay that outlines the person's characteristics, the impact they have had on you, and the reasons for their significance.]。
历年托福考试阅读真题汇总含答案.docx
0308托福试题阅读（55minutes）Question 1-11If food is allowed to stand for some time, it putrefies .When the putrefied materialis examined microscopically ,it is found to be teeming with bacteria. Where do thesebacteria come from , since they are not seen in fresh food? Even until the mid-nineteenthcentury, many people believed that such microorganisms originated by spontaneous(5 )generation ,a hypothetical process by which living organisms develop from nonlivingmatter.The most powerful opponent of the theory of spontaneous generation was the French chemist and microbiologist Louis Pasteur(1822-1895).Pasteur showed that structurespresent in air closely resemble the microorganisms seen in putrefying materials .He did(10)this by passing air through guncotton filters, the fibers of which stop solid particles. Afterthe guncotton was dissolved in a mixture of alcohol and ether, the particles that it hadtrapped fell to the bottom of the liquid and were examined on a microscope slide .Pasteurfound that in ordinary air these exists a variety of solid structures ranging in size from0.01 mm to more than 1.0 mm .Many of these bodies resembled the reproductive (15)structures of common molds, single-celled animals, and various other microbial cells .As many as 20 to 30 of them were found in fifteen liters of ordinary air ,and they couldnot be distinguished from the organisms found in much larger numbers in putrefying materials .Pasteur concluded that the organisms found in putrefying materials originatedfrom the organized bodies present in the air .He postulated that these bodies are constantly(20)being deposited on all objects.Pasteur showed that if a nutrient solution was sealed in a glass flask and heated toboiling to destroy all the living organisms contaminating it, it never putrefied .The proponents of spontaneous generation declared that fresh air was necessary for spontaneous generation and that the air inside the sealed flask was affected in some way(25)by heating so that it would no longer support spontaneous generation. Pasteurconstructed a swan-necked flask in which putrefying materials could he heated to boiling, but aircould reenter. The bends in the neck prevented microorganisms from getting in the flask.. Material sterilized in such a flask did not putrefy.1,What does the passage mainly discuss?(a)Pasteur’s influence on the development of the microscope.(b)The origin of the theory of spontaneous generation .(c)The effects of pasteurization on food.(d)Pasteur’s argument against the theory of spontaneous generation .2,The phrase “teeming with ”in line 2 is closest in meaning to(a)full of(b)developing into(c)resistant to(d)hurt by3,Which of the following questions did the theory of spontaneous generation attempt to answer?(a)What is the origin of the living organisms are seen on some food?(b)How many types of organisms can be found on food?(c)What is the most effective way to prepare living organisms for microscopic examination?(d)How long can food stand before it putrefies?4,The word “resemble” in line 9 is closest in meaning to(a)benefit from(b)appear similar to(c)join together with(d)grow from5,The purpose of the “guncotton” mentioned in paragraph 2 was to(a)trap particles for analysis(b)slow the process of putrefaction(c)increase the airflow to the microscopic slide(d)aid the mixing of alcohol and ether6,The author mention “1.0mm”in line 14 in describing the(a)thickness of a layer of organisms that was deposited on an object(b)diameter of the fibers that were in the guncotton filters(c)thickness of the microscope slides that were used(d)size of the particles that that were collected7.The word “postulated”in line 19 is closest in meaning to(a)analyzed(b)doubted(c)persuaded(d)suggested8.The objects that Pasteut removed from the air in his experiment were remarkable because they were(a)primarily single-celled organisms(b)no different from objects found in putrefying materials(c)fairly rare(d)able to live in a mixture of alcohol and ether9.The word “it” in line 22 refers to(a)a nutrient solution(b)a glass flask(c)boiling(d)spontaneous generation10.According to paragraph 3,proponents of spontaneous generation believed thatwhich of the following was important for the process to succeed ?(a)A sealed container(b)Fresh air(c)Heat(d)The presence of nutrients11.It can be inferred from paragraph 3 that Pasteur employed a swam-necked flask to(a)store sterilized liquids for use in future experiments(b)prevent heat from building up in a solution(c)disprove a criticism of his conclusions(d)estimate the number of organisms in a liter of airQuestions 12-20In the early decades of the United States ,the agrarian movement promoted the farmeras society’s hero. In the minds of agrarian thinkers and writers ,the farmer was a person on whose well-being the health of the new country depended .The period between theRevolution, which ended in 1783,and the Civil War ,which ended in 1865 ,was the age of(5 )the farmer in the United States .Agrarian philosophers ,represented most eloquently byThomas Jefferson, celebrated farmers extravagantly for their supposed centrality in a goodsociety, their political virtue ,and their Superior morality .And virtually all policy makers, whether they subscribed to the tenets of the philosophy held by Jefferson or not, recognized agriculture as the key component of the American economy .Consequently ,government at(10)all levels worked to encourage farmers as a social group and agriculture as economicenterprise.Both the national and state governments developed transportation infrastructure,building canals, roads, bridges, and railroads ,deepening harbors ,and removing obstructions from navigable streams .The national government imported plant and animal varieties and(15) launched exploring expeditions into prospective farmlands in the West .In addition ,government trade policies facilitated the exporting of agricultural products.For their part ,farmers seemed to meet the social expectations agrarian philosophershad for them ,as their broader horizons and greater self-respect, both products of the Revolution ,were reflected to some degree in their behavior .Farmers seemed to become(20)more scientific ,joining agricultural societies and reading the farm newspapers that sprangup throughout the country .They began using improved implements, tried new crops andpure animal breeds , and became more receptive to modern theories of soil improvement .They also responded to inducements by national and state governments .Farmersstreamed to the West ,filling frontier lands with stunning rapidity .But farmers responded(25)less to the expectations of agrarians and government inducements than togrowing market opportunities .European demand for food from the United States seemed insatiable . War, industrialization , and urbanization all kept demand high in Europe . United States citiesand industries grew as well; even industries not directly related to farming thrived becauseof the market, money ,and labor that agriculture provided .12.What does the passage mainly discuss?(a)The agrarian philosophy of Thomas Jefferson(b)The role of the national government in the development of agriculture(c)Improvements in farming techniques(d)The impact of the increased importance of the farmer13.The word “depended” in line 3 is closest in meaning to(a)improved(b)relied(c)demanded(d)explained14.The author mentions Thomas Jefferson in paragraph 1 as an example of(a)a leader during the Revolution(b)an inventor of new farming techniques(c)a philosopher who believed farmers were essential to the creation of a good society(d)a farmer who guided the agrarian movement toward an emphasis on economic development15.The phrase “subscribed to” in line 8 is closest in meaning to(a)contributed to(b)agreed with(c)thought about(d)expanded on16.Which of the following statements is supported by the information in paragraph 1?(a)All government policy makers accepted Jefferson’s views of agriculture and farmers.(b)Agricultural production declined between 1783 and 1861.(c)The majority of farmers worked for the government.(d)Agriculture was a vital part of the nation’s economy.17.According to the passage , the national and state governments did all of the following EXCEPT(a)build roads(b)import new plant varieties(c)give farmers money for their crops(d)develop policies that helped farmers export their products18.All of the following are mentioned as examples of farmers’ meeting the expectations of agrarian philosophers EXCEPT(a)obtaining information from farm newspapers(b)accumulating personal wealth(c)planting new crops(d)becoming more scientific19.The word “stunning” in line 24 is closest in meaning to(a)predictable(b)impressive(c)famous(d)gradual20.Which of the following statements is best supported by paragraph 4?(a)Agricultural development contributed to development in other parts of the economy.(b)European agricultural products were of a higher quality than those produced in the United States.(c)The growing settlement of the West led to a decrease in agricultural production.(d)Farmers were influenced more by government policies than by market opportunities.Question 21-29The wide variety of climates in North America has helped spawn a complex pattern ofsoil regions. In general, the realm’s soils also reflect the broad environmental partitioninginto “humid America” and “arid America.” Where annual precipitation exceeds 20 inches(50 centimeters),soils in humid areas tend to be acidic in chemical content, Since crops(5 ) do best in soils that are neither acidic(higher in acid content) nor alkaline(higher insalt content).fertilization is necessary to achieve the desired level of neutrality between thetwo. Arid America’s soils are typically alkaline and must be fertilized back toward neutrality by adding acidic compounds. Although many of these dryland soils, particularlyin the Great Plains, are quite fertile, European settlers learned over a century ago that(10) water is the main missing ingredient in achieving their agricultural potential. In the1970’s, certain irrigation methods were perfected and finally provided a real opportunityto expand more intensive farming west from the Central Lowland into the drier portionsof the Great Plains. Glaciation also enhanced the rich legacy of fertile soils in the centralUnited States,both from the deposition of mineral-rich glacial debris left by meltwater(15)and from thick layers of fine wind-blown glacial material, called loess, in and around themiddle Mississippi Valley.Natural vegetation patterns could be displayed on a map of North America, but theenormous human modification of the North American environment in modern times hasall but reduced this regionalization scheme to the level of the hypothetical. Nonetheless,(20)the humid America-arid America dichotomy is still a valid generalization: the naturalvegetation of areas receiving more than 20 inches of water yearly is forest, whereas thedrier climates give rise to a grassland cover. The forests of North America tent to makea broad transition by latitude. In the Canadian North, needle-leaf forests dominate, butthese coniferous trees become mixed with broadleaf deciduous trees as onecrosses the(25) border into the Northeast United States. As one proceeds toward the Southeast,broadleaf vegetation becomes dominant. Arid America mostly consists of short-grass prairies orstepper. The only areas of true desert are in the Southwest.21 What aspect of North America does the passage mainly discuss?(A) The wide variety of climates(B) Soil types and vegetation patterns(C) Improved irrigation methods and the expansion of agriculture(D) The change in precipitation patterns22 The word “spawn ” in line 1 is closest in meaning to(A) distinguish(B) eliminate(C) protect(D) create23 The word “partitioning” in line 2 is closest in meaning to(A) division(B) modification(C) opening(D) circulating24 According to the passage, acidic soils tent to be associated with(A) a high salt content(B) an increase in farming(C) large amounts of rain(D) glacial meltwater25 The word “enhanced” in line 13 is closest in meaning to(A) implied(B) increased(C) indicated(D) informed26 How did glacial meltdown affect the soil in North America?(A) It redistributed the soil types(B) It added salt to the soil(C) It made the soil more neutral in content(D) It added minerals to the soil27 The phrase “this regionalization scheme” in line 19 refers to the(A) movements of glacial deposits(B) patterns of natural vegetation(C) human modification of the North American environment(D) distinction between humid America and arid America28 Th e word “transition” in line 23 is closest in meaning to(A) elevation(B) change(C) advantage(D) condition29 The passage supports which of the following statements?(A) Arid America is not necessarily characterized by the presence of deserts(B) Most of Canada and the northeastern United States consists of short-grassprairies wherever natural vegetation has not been modified by humans(C) The accumulation of loess is primarily the result of irrigation(D) Glaciation removed the fertile layer of soil from much of the Mississippi ValleyQuestions 30-40Most sources of illumination generate light over an appreciable period, and indeed ifan object is lit for a very brief time(less that 1/25 second), the human eye will not reactin time to see the object. A photographic emulsion---that is, a light-sensitive coating on photographic film, paper, or glass---will, however, record much shorter bursts of light. A(5 ) photographic flash can therefore be used to capture high-speed movement on film as wellas to correct deficiencies of the normal surrounding lighting. Photoflash is now generated electronically, but the earliest form, first used in 1864, was a paper bag containingmagnesium wire and some oxygen-rich substance, such as potassium chlorate. When thebag was ignited, the metal burned with an intense flash. A contemporary observer reported(10) that “this quite unsafe device seems to have done nothing worse that engulf the room indense smoke and lead to pictures of dubious quality and odd poses.”The evolution of the photoflash was slow, flashbulbs, containing fine wire made of ametal, such as magnesium or aluminum, capable of being ignited in an atmosphere of pure oxygen at low pressure, were introduced only in the 1920’s. In the earliest type, the metal(15) was separated from the oxygen by a thin glass bulb. The flash was fired by piercing thebulb and allowing the oxygen to come into contact with the metal, which ignited spontaneously. Later bulbs were fired by an electric battery, which heated the wire bypassing a small current through it. Other combinations, such as the pairing of oxygendifluoride with zirconium, have also been used. In each case enough energy is given out to(20) heat the oxidizable metal momentarily to a white-hot emission of visible light. Thesmoke particles are so small that they cool rapidly; but since they are white, they contribute to the brilliance by reflecting the light from their still-glowing neighbors. A slightly bigger formof the metal will burn for a longer time.30 What does the passage mainly discuss?(A) The history of the photoflash(B) Theories about how the eye reacts to light(C) The technology of modern photography(D) The dangers of using the early photoflash31 According to the passage,1/25 second is the minimum amount of time required for the(A) recording of an image on film(B) generation of artificial light(C) creation of a photographic emulsion(D) human eye to react to light32 According to the passage, an advantage of using a photoflash is that it(A) can produce repeated bursts of light(B) intensities colors in photographs(C) is short enough not to bother human eyes(D) supplements existing lighting33 The word “ignited” in line 9 is closest in meaning to(A) set on fire(B) cut into(C) opened(D) shaken34 Which of the following phrases is defined in paragraph 1?(A)”appreciable period”(line 1)(B)”photographic emulsion”(line 3)(C)”high-speed movement”(line 5)(D)”odd poses”(line 11)35 The word “evolution” in line 12 is closest in meaning to(A) publicity(B) adoption(C) development(D) manufacture36 The function of the glass in the first flashbulbs was to(A) produce the spark that initiated the flash(B) magnify the light produced by the flash(C) protect the photographer from the heat of the flash(D) keep the metal and oxygen apart before the flash37 The word “it” in line 18 refers to(A) oxygen(B) battery(C) wire(D) current38 The word “momentarily” in line 20 is closest in meaning to(A) effortlessly(B) briefly(C) electronically(D) gradually39 According to the passage, the white color of the smoke particles generated by a flashbulb contributes to(A) rapid cooling(B) bright illumination(C) electrical conductivity(D) intense heat40 According to the passage, a flashbulb can be made to burn longer by using(A) thicker wire(B) more oxygen(C) thinner glass(D) continuous electricityQuestions 41-50The stylistic innovation in paining known as Impressionism began in the 1870’s.The Impressionists wanted to depict what they saw in nature, but they were inspired to portray fragmentary moments by the increasingly fast pace of modern life. They concentrated onthe play of light over objects, people, and nature, breaking up seemingly solidsurfaces,(5 ) stressing vivid contrast between colors in sunlight and shade, and depiction reflected lightin all of its possibilities. Unlike earlier artists, they did not want to observe the world from indoors. They abandoned the studio, painting in the open air and recording spontaneous Impressions of their subjects instead of making outside sketches and then moving indoorsto complete the work form memory.(10) Some of the Impressionists’ painting methods were affected by technologicaladvances. For example, the shift from the studio to the open air was made possible inpart by the advent of cheap rail travel, which permitted easy and quick access to thecountryside or seashore, as well as by newly developed chemical dyes and oils that ledto collapsible paint tubes, which enabled artists to finish their paintings on the spot.(15)Impressionism acquired its name not from supporters but from angry art lovers whofelt threatened by the new painting. The term “Impressionism” was born in 1874,whena group of artists who had been working together organized an exhibition of theirpaintings in order to draw public attention to their work. Reaction from the public andpress was immediate, and derisive. Among the 165 paintings exhibited was one called(20)Impression: Sunrise, by Claude Monet(1840-1926),Viewed through hostile eyes,Monet’s painting of a rising sun over a misty, watery scene seemed messy, slapdash,and an affront to good taste. Borrowing Monet’s title, art critics extended the term “Impressionism” to the entire exhibit. In response, Monet and his 29 fellow artists inthe exhibit adopted the same name as a badge of their unity, despite individual differences.(25)From then until 1886 Impressionism had all the zeal of a “church”, as the painter Renoirput it. Monet was faithful to the Impressionist creed until his death, although many of theothers moved on to new styles.41 What aspect of painting in the nineteenth century does the passage mainly discuss?(A) The impact of some artists’ resistance to the fast pace of life(B) The differences between two major styles of art(C) A technological advance in the materials used by artists(D) A group of artists with a new technique and approach to art42 The word “depict” in line 2 is closest in meaning to(A) reorganize(B) deform(C) represent(D) justify43 According to the passage, which of the following was one of the distinguishing characteristics of Impressionist painting?(A) The emphasis on people rather than nature scenes(B) The way the subjects were presented from multiple angles(C) The focus on small solid objects(D) The depiction of the effects of light and color44 Which of the following is a significant way in which Impressionists were different from the artists that preceded them?(A) They began by making sketches of their subjects(B) They painted their subjects out-of-doors(C) They preferred to paint from memory(D) They used subjects drawn from modern life45 The word “advent” in line 12 is closest in meaning to(A) achievement(B) acceptance(C) arrival(D) advantage46 The exhibition of paintings organized in 1874 resulted in all of the following EXCEPT(A) attracting attention from the public(B) a negative reaction from the press(C) an immediate demand for the paintings exhibited(D) creating a name for a new style of painting47 The word “affront” in line 22 is closest in meaning to(A) insult(B) encouragement(C) return(D) credit48 The rejection of the Impressionist exhibition by critics was caused by which of the following?(A) The small number of paintings on display(B) Lack of interest in exhibitions by young artists(C) The similarity between all the paintings exhibited(D) Anger about seemingly poorly painted art49 The author mentions Renoir in line 25 to give an example of an artist who(A) became as famous as Monet(B) was consistently praised by art critics(C) described the enthusiasm of the Impressionists for their work(D) was in favor of a traditional style of painting50 The word “others” in line 27 refers to(A) art critics(B) fellow artists(C) individual differences(D) new styles0308答案ABADB CCCBA BDDCC DCDBA DACCB DBCAC DACBA BABDC BCAAD CDABA CACCB CDBCB DACCC ABCDA CDCDC BDCDC BCDDC DBACBDAABA DDBAB CDBCB DCBBA BDACB DDBAA DDABC DCBBA DCDBC CADCB。
托福模拟考试试题及答案
托福模拟考试试题及答案一、听力部分1. 听下面对话，选择正确答案。
- 问题：What does the woman want to do?- 选项：A. Borrow a book from the library.B. Return a book to the library.C. Find a quiet place to study.- 答案：C2. 听下面讲座，选择正确答案。
- 问题：What is the main topic of the lecture? - 选项：A. The history of photography.B. The impact of technology on art.C. The evolution of painting techniques.- 答案：B二、阅读部分1. 阅读下面短文，选择正确答案。
- 短文：[短文内容]- 问题：What is the main idea of the passage?- 选项：A. The importance of environmental protection.B. The benefits of urban development.C. The challenges of population growth.- 答案：A2. 阅读下面长文，选择正确答案。
- 长文：[长文内容]- 问题：According to the author, what is the mostsignificant factor contributing to success in business?- 选项：A. Innovation.B. Capital.C. Networking.- 答案：A三、口语部分1. 口语任务：描述你最喜欢的季节，并解释原因。
- 答案示例：- 我最喜欢的季节是秋天。
秋天的天气既不冷也不热，非常宜人。
此外，秋天是收获的季节，可以看到许多成熟的水果和蔬菜，这让我感到非常满足。
托福试题及答案
托福试题及答案一、听力理解（Listening Comprehension）1. 根据录音材料，以下哪个选项是学生和教授讨论的主题？A. 气候变化对农业的影响B. 城市规划中的交通问题C. 历史事件的解读方法D. 当代艺术的发展趋势答案：C2. 录音中提到的“sustainable development”是指什么？A. 经济的持续增长B. 社会公平与环境的和谐C. 技术的不断进步D. 人口的稳定增长答案：B二、阅读理解（Reading Comprehension）1. 根据文章，作者认为解决能源危机的最好方法是：A. 开发可再生能源B. 提高能源效率C. 减少能源消费D. 增加传统能源的开采答案：A2. 文章中提到了哪种新型能源技术？A. 太阳能发电B. 风力发电C. 地热能D. 生物燃料答案：B三、口语表达（Speaking Expression）1. 请根据以下情景，描述你如何解决一个团队中的冲突。
- 情景：你和你的团队成员在项目截止日期临近时，因为分工问题产生了分歧。
答案：在面对团队中的冲突时，首先我会组织一个团队会议，让每个成员表达自己的观点和担忧。
然后，我会尝试找到一个平衡点，确保每个人的工作量合理分配。
如果必要，我会提出调整分工的建议，并确保每个人都同意这个新的方案。
最后，我会设定一个明确的新截止日期，以确保项目能够按时完成。
2. 描述一次你使用创造性思维解决问题的经历。
答案：在我的大学时期，我参加了一个创新设计比赛。
我们团队面临的挑战是如何设计一个既环保又经济的包装材料。
通过团队的头脑风暴，我们想到了使用可降解的生物材料作为包装。
我们进行了多次实验，最终开发出了一种新型的包装材料，它不仅满足了环保要求，而且成本低廉，最终我们的设计在比赛中获得了一等奖。
四、写作能力（Writing Ability）1. 根据以下提示写一篇议论文。
- 提示：随着科技的发展，人们越来越依赖智能手机。
讨论智能手机对人们日常生活的积极和消极影响。
托福试题及答案
托福试题及答案1. Directions: Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow.Passage:In the modern world, technology has become an integral part of our daily lives. From smartphones to smart homes, technology has revolutionized the way we live, work, and interact with each other. However, with the rapid advancement of technology, there are concerns about its impact on privacy and security. As we become more reliant on technology, the potential for misuse and abuse of personal information has increased. This has led to a growing demand for better security measures and privacy protection.Questions:1. What is the main topic of the passage?2. What concerns arise with the advancement of technology according to the passage?3. What is the demand mentioned in the passage?Answers:1. The main topic of the passage is the impact of technology on our daily lives.2. The passage raises concerns about privacy and security due to the advancement of technology.3. The demand mentioned in the passage is for better security measures and privacy protection.2. Directions: Listen to the following conversation and choose the correct answer.Conversation:A: Have you heard about the new restaurant in town?B: Yeah, I've been there. The food is amazing.A: Really? What did you order?B: I had the grilled salmon with a side of asparagus.A: That sounds delicious. I'll have to try it next time.Questions:1. What is the topic of conversation?2. What did B order at the new restaurant?3. What is A's response to B's recommendation?Answers:1. The topic of conversation is a new restaurant in town.2. B ordered grilled salmon with a side of asparagus.3. A's response is positive and indicates interest in trying the dish.3. Directions: Complete the sentence by choosing the correct word from the options provided.Sentence:The company has experienced a significant _______ in sales over the past year.Options:A. increaseB. decreaseC. fluctuationD. stagnationAnswer:A. increase4. Directions: Rewrite the following sentence using synonyms or paraphrasing.Original Sentence:The rapid growth of the internet has led to a surge in online shopping.Rewritten Sentence:The swift expansion of the internet has resulted in a dramatic rise in e-commerce.5. Directions: Choose the correct preposition to fill in the blank.Sentence:The meeting will be held _______ 3:00 PM.Answer:at6. Directions: Identify the grammatical error in thefollowing sentence and provide the correct version.Original Sentence:She don't like to eat vegetables.Corrected Sentence:She doesn't like to eat vegetables.7. Directions: Translate the following sentence from English to French.English Sentence:I am going to the library to study.French Translation:Je vais à la bibliothèque pour étudier.8. Directions: Choose the correct answer based on the given information.Information: The average temperature in the city during the summer is 30°C.Question: What is the average temperature in the city during the summer?Answer:30°C9. Directions: Solve the following math problem.Problem:If a store sells 50 items at $10 each, what is the total revenue?Answer:$50010. Directions: Write a brief summary of the following paragraph.Paragraph:The rise of social media has changed the way people communicate. It has made it easier for individuals to share their thoughts and opinions with a wide audience. However, it has also led to the spread of misinformation and the polarization of public opinion.Summary:Social media has facilitated communication and opinion sharing but has also contributed to misinformation and opinion polarization.。
托福试题全部及答案
托福试题全部及答案1. Directions: Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow.Passage:In the realm of environmental conservation, the concept of sustainable development has gained significant traction over the past few decades. It is predicated on the idea that economic growth and environmental protection are not mutually exclusive but can coexist harmoniously. The key to achieving this balance lies in the efficient use of resources, the implementation of eco-friendly practices, and the promotion of policies that prioritize both economic and ecological health.Question 1: What is the primary focus of sustainable development?A) Economic growthB) Environmental protectionC) Efficient use of resourcesD) Both A and BAnswer: D) Both A and BQuestion 2: According to the passage, what is essential for achieving a balance between economic growth and environmental protection?A) Inefficient use of resourcesB) Implementation of eco-friendly practicesC) Neglect of policiesD) Overexploitation of resourcesAnswer: B) Implementation of eco-friendly practices2. Directions: Listen to the following conversation and answer the questions that follow.Conversation:Speaker 1: "I've been learning about the history of the internet and it's fascinating how it has transformed our lives."Speaker 2: "Absolutely, it's hard to imagine life without it now. It's become an integral part of our daily routines."Question 1: What are the speakers discussing?A) The history of the internetB) The future of the internetC) The impact of the internet on daily lifeD) The disadvantages of the internetAnswer: C) The impact of the internet on daily lifeQuestion 2: What does Speaker 2 imply about the internet?A) It is a new inventionB) It is a luxuryC) It is an essential part of daily lifeD) It is a hindrance to daily routinesAnswer: C) It is an essential part of daily life3. Directions: Complete the following sentences using the appropriate words from the list provided.List of words:a) accelerateb) diminishc) enhanced) mitigatee) prosperSentence 1: The introduction of new technologies has the potential to _____ the economy.Answer: c) enhanceSentence 2: The company's profits have _____ significantly due to poor management.Answer: b) diminishSentence 3: The government is implementing policies to _____ the effects of climate change.Answer: d) mitigateSentence 4: The new highway will _____ traffic congestion in the city.Answer: a) accelerateSentence 5: The small business _____ after receiving a large investment.Answer: e) prosper4. Directions: Write an essay on the following topic: "The Role of Education in Promoting Social Equality."In your essay, you should:- Discuss the importance of education in reducing social inequalities.- Explain how education can empower individuals from disadvantaged backgrounds.- Provide examples of educational policies or programs that have been successful in promoting social equality.Essay:Education plays a pivotal role in promoting social equality by providing individuals with the tools and knowledge necessary to succeed in life. It is a powerful equalizer that can break the cycle of poverty and empower individuals from disadvantaged backgrounds. By offering equal access toquality education, societies can reduce social inequalities and create a more level playing field for all.One of the ways education can empower individuals is by providing them with the skills and qualifications needed to secure better job opportunities. For instance, vocational training programs can equip individuals with practical skills that are in high demand in the job market, thus increasing their chances of employment and improving their economic prospects.Moreover, educational policies and programs that focus on inclusivity and accessibility have proven successful in promoting social equality. For example, scholarship programsfor underprivileged students can ensure that financial constraints do not hinder their pursuit of education. Similarly, affirmative action policies in higher education institutions can provide equal opportunities for students from diverse backgrounds.In conclusion, education is a cornerstone of social equality. It has the potential to transform lives and societies by fostering a more inclusive and equitable world. By investing in education, we invest in the future of our communities and the well-being of all individuals.Note: The essay provided is a sample response and should be tailored to the specific requirements of the prompt.。
托福考试语法试题及答案详解
托福考试语法试题及答案详解托福考试语法试题及答案详解11. Most doctors of the Colonial period believed _______ was caused by an imbalance of humors in the body.A. in diseaseB. that diseaseC. of diseaseD. about disease答案：B分析：动词believe 的用法：直接加that引导的宾语从句。
这里that为连接adv.，在句中不作任何成分，其后接完整句。
参考译文：大多数殖民时期的医生认为疾病来源人体内不平衡的体液。
2. In 1976 Sarah Caldwell became _________ a t the Metropolitan Opera House in New York City.A. she was the first woman to conductB. the first woman conductorC. the woman was first conductingD. the woman conducts first答案：B分析：缺宾语，答案中只有B，D可以作宾语，但D的语序不对。
参考译文：1976，Sarah Caldwell成为在第一个在纽约Metropolitan Opera House演出的演奏家。
one to do sth补充： 常考 the first/second/3. On January 7， 1955， Marian Anderson became _________to sing a major role at New York City's Metropolitan Opera House.A. the first African AmericanB. the first African American wasC. she was the first African AmericanD. when the first African American答案：A分析：缺宾语，C， D都不能作宾语。
托福阅读TPO1答案解析
托福阅读答案1.dramatic剧烈的，戏剧化的，就单词本身能够想到drama戏剧，所以这个应该是戏剧的形容词，原文后句说在几十米的垂直距离内，树木完全被低矮的灌木和草取代了，所以变化非常剧烈，A渐渐B复杂C可见的都不靠谱2.以lower timberline做关键词定位至本段最后一句，说有lower timberline是因为a lack of moisture，缺乏湿度，等于A选项中的没有水3.分别以upper timberline和lower timberline为关键词定位至本段倒数两句，不管是upper timberline还是lower timberline都是快速的过渡带，树还是有的，只是在向草原等等过渡，所以A错，既然是过渡，也就是边界了，B对，C没说，只有lower timberline缺水，所以D说both错4.以deciduous trees做关键词定位至原文的第三句和第四句，根据第四句说有的地方的timberline是由落叶树构成的，所以timberline上还是有落叶树的，所以选项A和B说反，D项moisture原文没说，第三句说timberline 通常是常绿树构成的，第四句说有的时候也出现落叶树，所以常绿树比落叶树出现的概率大，所以C正确5.attain获得，想到相似的obtain和retain，原文说中高纬度的树木会变形，在山脊处怎么样更高，后半句的whereas所在句与之并列，其中reach greater heights应该和考的那部分是并列的，所以attain也是reach 之意，答案是achieve，A要求B反对抵抗D忍耐都不对6.并列句，往前找，找主语，trees是正确答案，此外，被暴露在大风之下的应该是树，山谷山脊和高度都不靠谱7.prone可能，倾向于。
原文说热带地区山谷是更有利于生长的地方因为那里怎么样干涸，比较有利生长当然不容易干涸，C和D的意思都是能干涸，所以都不对，A适应不靠谱，所以B正确8..以middle and upper latitudes做关键词定位至原文第三四两句，说中高纬度地区树木在很大程度上受到积雪覆盖的时长和深度的影响，山谷地区积雪深，时间长，所以树长得不好，所以是negatively affected，选项B 和C与原文相反，D违反常识9.原句说风速增加而且会给树木很大压力，已经被blablabla证实。
托福测试题及答案
托福测试题及答案一、听力理解（Listening Comprehension）1. What is the main topic of the lecture?A. The history of photographyB. The impact of technology on artC. The role of photography in journalismD. The evolution of camera technologyAnswer: B2. According to the professor, what is one of the benefits of digital photography?A. It allows for greater artistic control.B. It is less expensive than film photography.C. It is easier to manipulate images.D. It requires less technical skill.Answer: A3. Why does the professor mention the example of the painter who used a camera?A. To illustrate the limitations of photographyB. To show how technology can inspire traditional art formsC. To demonstrate the influence of photography on paintingD. To argue that photography is a form of artAnswer: B4. What does the student imply about the relationship between photography and journalism?A. They are becoming more distinct from each other.B. They have always been closely related.C. They are merging due to technological advancements.D. They are separate fields with little overlap.Answer: C二、阅读理解（Reading Comprehension）Passage 1: The Impact of Technology on Education5. What is the author's main argument in the passage?A. Technology has had a negative impact on education.B. The integration of technology in education is essentialfor its future.C. Technology has made education less personal.D. The benefits of technology in education are overstated. Answer: B6. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT a benefit of using technology in the classroom?A. Increased student engagementB. Access to a wider range of resourcesC. Improved test scoresD. Enhanced communication between students and teachers Answer: C7. The author cites the example of online courses toillustrate:A. The accessibility of education to a broader audience.B. The potential for personalized learning experiences.C. The challenges of maintaining student motivation.D. The need for traditional classroom settings.Answer: APassage 2: The History of Urban Planning8. What is the primary focus of the passage?A. The evolution of urban planning over time.B. The role of government in urban development.C. The impact of urban planning on society.D. The challenges faced by urban planners.Answer: A9. The author mentions ancient Rome to demonstrate:A. The early origins of urban planning.B. The influence of urban planning on architecture.C. The importance of public spaces in cities.D. The limitations of early urban planning techniques. Answer: A10. What does the passage suggest about modern urban planning?A. It is more focused on aesthetics than functionality.B. It has become more inclusive and sustainable.C. It is primarily driven by economic considerations.D. It has largely abandoned traditional planning principles.Answer: B三、口语表达（Speaking Expression）Task 1: Describe a memorable event from your childhood.Sample Response:One of the most memorable events from my childhood was the summer I spent at my grandparents' farm. I was about ten years old at the time. The experience was incredibly enriching as I learned about farming, the importance of hard work, and the beauty of nature. It was a time filled with laughter, new discoveries, and a deep connection with my family.Task 2: Explain why you think environmental conservation is important.Sample Response:Environmental conservation is crucial for several reasons. Firstly, it ensures the preservation of natural resources for future generations. Secondly, it helps maintain biodiversity, which is vital for the balance of ecosystems. Lastly, conservation efforts contribute to combating climate change by reducing pollution and promoting sustainable practices. It is our collective responsibility to protect the environment for the well-being of all living beings on Earth.四、写作任务（Writing Task）Task 1: Write an essay discussing the advantages and disadvantages of social media.Sample Essay:Social media has revolutionized the way we communicate and access information. On the positive side, it allows for instant connectivity with people around the world, fosters communities with shared interests, and provides a platform for self-expression and creativity. However, it also has its downsides, such as the spread of misinformation, the potential for cyberbullying, and the negative impact on mental health due to social comparison. Balancing the benefits and drawbacks is key to harnessing the power of social media responsibly.Task 2: Propose a solution to a local environmental issue in your community.Sample Essay:One pressing environmental issue in our community is the excessive use of single-use plastics. To address this, I propose the implementation of a local ordinance that bans single-use plastic items, such as straws and bags, and encourages the use of reusable alternatives. Additionally, educational campaigns can raise awareness about the environmental impact of plastic waste. By working together, our community can significantly reduce its。
托福英语试题及答案
托福英语试题及答案
一、听力部分
1. 根据录音，以下哪项是演讲者提到的主要观点？
A. 气候变化对农业的影响
B. 城市化进程中的问题
C. 科技发展对社会的益处
D. 教育改革的必要性
答案：A
2. 演讲者提到了哪种类型的农业？
A. 有机农业
B. 传统农业
C. 工业化农业
D. 可持续农业
答案：D
二、阅读部分
1. 根据文章，作者认为解决城市交通拥堵的最佳方法是什么？
A. 增加公共交通工具
B. 限制私家车使用
C. 扩大城市道路
D. 鼓励远程工作
答案：A
2. 文章中提到的“绿色出行”指的是什么？
A. 步行或骑自行车
B. 乘坐公共交通
C. 开电动汽车
D. 减少不必要的出行
答案：A
三、口语部分
1. 请根据以下提示，描述一个你曾经遇到的困难，并解释你是如何克服它的。
提示：困难的类型，你采取的措施，结果如何。
答案：略（考生需根据个人经历回答）
2. 描述你理想中的工作场所。
包括地点、环境、同事关系等因素。
答案：略（考生需根据个人理想回答）
四、写作部分
1. 有些人认为大学教育应该免费提供给所有人。
你同意还是不同意这个观点？给出你的理由。
答案：略（考生需根据个人观点写作）
2. 描述一次你改变了对某人或某事看法的经历。
包括改变的原因和结果。
答案：略（考生需根据个人经历写作）。
托福考试真题与答案
托福考试真题与答案托福考试真题与答案Section One: Listening Comprehension1.(A) She'll type the man's paper for him.(B)The computer won't be available immediately.(C) The man should be more patient.(D) She doesn't want the man to use her computer.2.(A) Read the woman's letter.(B) Visit Jeff in Alaska.(C) Write to Jeff.(D) Mail a letter for the woman.3.(A) He went to the library twice to look for the book.(B) He already returned the book to a library out of town.(C) He called the library to say the book would be overdue.(D) He couldn't return the library book because he was away.4.(A) Where the midterm exam was held.(B) Where she can see the results of the midterm exam.(C) Where she can buy a copy of the chemistry textbook,(D) Where the chemistry study group meets.5.(A) He'll ask the driver for help with the luggage.(B) He doesn't mind driving by himself.(C) He doesn't have much luggage.(D) He'd like the woman to drive him.6.(A) The suit is out of style.(B) The suit is more appropriate for the occasion.(C) The woman looks better in blue than in black.(D) The suit doesn't fit the woman well.7.(A) Writing her thesis was easier than she thought it would be.(B) She intends to work on her thesis during her vacation.(C) She intentionally chose an easy topic to write about.(D) She plans to spend some time relaxing.8.(A) He hasn't had a chance to meet Kathy yet(B) Kathy had already told him the news(C) He didn't know that Kathy was being moved.(D) His new office will be located in New York.9.(A) She'd like the man to visit her.(B) She can help the man clean up.(C) She left her room on time this morning.(D) She hasn't cleaned her room either.10.(A) He doesn't know what's wrong with the computer,(B) The woman misunderstood what he said.(C) The problem is different from what he thought it was(D) The computer cannot be repaired11.(A) She didn't see it(B) It had nothing to do with politics.(C) Some people wouldn't find it interesting.(D) The man ought to watch it again12.(A) He doesn't feel well enough to exercise(B) He prefers to exercise in the morning.(C) He accepts the woman's invitation.(D) He doesn't like to exercise in cold weather.13.(A) Change the topic of her research project.(B) Sign up for a different political science course.(C) Ask Mary to help her choose a topic.(D) Take a class together with Mary.14.(A) Send the man to a store that sells cassettes.(B) Borrow a blank cassette from her friends.(C) Sell the man one of her cassettes(D) Purchase some extra cassettes15.(A) The books were sent out late.(B) The books were sent to the wrong place.(C) He didn't mind helping the woman move.(D) He doesn't know the woman's new address.16.(A) Let him borrow her heavy jacket.(B) Stay in her car if the weather is too cold.(C) Leave campus in a couple of hours.(D) Be prepared for the possibility of cooler weather.17.(A) The man was absent when she gave them to the glass.(B) She'll give some of them to the class on Wednesday.(C) She has no more of them to give to the man.(D) The man must do many more of them to pass the test.18.(A) She has never had a class with Professor Smith.(B) She's surprised the man is taking a history class.(C) The assignment must be finished by 3 o'clock.(O) Professor Smith's classes are very demanding.19.(A) She'll return the questionnaire soon.(B) The first question is optional.(C) The man doesn't need to answer all the questions.(D) The man doesn't need to submit a questionnaire.20.(A) She doesn't like the painting.(B) She hasn't seen the man's office.(C) She'll hang the painting on the wall.(D)She doesn't know where to put the painting.21.(A) He doesn't like to cook spaghetti sauce.(B) He isn't careful when he's preparing food.(C) He makes very good desserts.(D) He cooks for the Spanish club quite often.22.(A) She doesn't plan to continue studying next year.(B) She recently visited a different university.(C) She already told the man about her plans.(D) She isn't planning to transfer to a different university.23.(A) Start cleaning sooner.(B) Hire a cleaning service.(C) Wait a while before giving another party.(D) Have his party at a different24.(A) She prefers to remain indoors.(B) She has the same allergies that the man has.(C) She doesn't think the man is sincere.(D) She doesn't understand what the man said.25.(A) He has invited many people to(B) He intentionally cooked a lot of soup.(C) He doesn't like leftovers either.(D) He used leftovers in the soup.26.(A) She can't help the man make his decision(B) A bicycle isn't a safe method of transportation.(C) The man doesn't need a new bicycle,(D) She doesn't know how to fix a bicycle,27.(A) Ed is happy with his job.(B) Ed isn't as good a worker as the boss thinks.(C) The boss plans to give Ed a raise in salary.(D) The boss hasn't treated28.(A) She left work after the man.(B) She was unable to follow the man's directions.(C) It only rained in a small area.(D) She doesn't mind driving in29.(A) It isn't necessary to attend the lecture.(B) There isn't enough time to eat dessert(C) Eating in the lecture hall is prohibited.(D) The lecture probably won't start on time.30.(A) She doesn't think that Oakville is very far.(B) She thinks the man misunderstood what he(C) She didn't know that Matthew planned to move to Oakville.(D) She wants to buy a car from Matthew.31.(A) They've lost their suitcases.(B) They can't find their dormitory.(C) Their dorm rooms have been given to other students.(D) They've missed the bus to their dormitory.32.(A) It has no bus service(B) It is small(C) It is located outside of town.(D) It is very hilly.33.(A) It's far from the academic buildings.(B) No buses go to it.(C) There are few first-year students living there.(D) It's older than the other dormitories.34.(A) They bring too many things with them.(B) They waste their time.(C) They don't familiarize themselves with the campus(D) They don't make realistic career plans.35.(A) Judging people's behavior.(B) Common causes of anger.(C) Changing people's attitudes.(D) The effects of negative behavior.36.(A) When they're unable to control the person's behavior.(B) When the causes of the behavior are obvious.(C) When the consequences of the behavior are unpleasant.(D) When the behavior is expected.37.(A) It's not always clear why people behave in certain ways.(B) People usually blame others for their mistakes.(C) Certain conditions cause drivers to behave strangely.(D) The reason for some behavior is obvious.38.(A) They usually accept responsibility.(B) They blame factors beyond their control(C) They complain about their personal problems.(D) They compare their behavior to the behavior of others.39. (A) Settlement patterns in desert.(B) Causes of desertification.(C) Plant adaptation to desert conditions.(D) Regions most affected by desertification.40. (A) It receives more nutrients than it can absorb.(B) It becomes oversaturated with water.(C) It loses the ability to support insect life.(D) It loses nutrients that aren't replaced.41. (A) Too many animals eating the plants in one small area.(B) Planting too much vegetation in one small area.(C) Too many people building houses in one small area.(D) Bringing together the wrong kinds of animals and plants.42. (A) The animals overfertilize the soil.(B) Dead plant roots can't hold the soil together.(C) The wrong types of plants are left standing.(D) There is a buildup of plant and animal matter.43. (A) It can cause flooding in an(B) It can carry diseases that affect animals.(C) It can introduce too much salt into the soil.(D) It can divert water from important crops.44. (A) A possible explanation for why green turtles nest in certain locations.(B) Physical differences among various groups of green turtles.(C) Several examples of mating behavior in green turtles.(D) The impact of continental drift on the diet of green turtles.45. (A) Teach their young how to swim.(B) Mate and lay eggs.(C) Hide from predators.(D) Eat different kinds of fish.46. (A) Its geography is similar to Brazil's.(B) Their instinct leads them to the place they were hatched.(C) There are other species of turtles located there.(D) Its climate is milder than Brazil's.47. (A) To discover how long their ancestors lived.(B) To analyze how their appearance has evolved.(C) To find out how a disease has spread(D) To determine how closely groups of turtles are related.48.(A) To demonstrate George Washington's survival skills.(B) To show that some stories about famous people may behistorically inaccurate.(C) To describe a historical event that was portrayed in a painting.(D) To tell a story that George Washington told about himself.49.(A) She led her tribe to victory against the colonists(B) She was considered to be extremelybeautiful.(C) She created popular American Indian art.(D) She helped establish peace between her tribe and the colonists50.(A) They have only recently been discovered.(B) They were painted by the colonists who knew her.(C) Most of them portray her as a child.(D) They might not reflect her true appearance.。
老托福篇答案
老托福篇答案文稿归稿存档编号：[KKUY-KKIO69-OTM243-OLUI129-G00I-FDQS58-老托福100篇答案ANSWER KEYSPASSAGE 1 BBACC DBCDA B PASSAGE 2 AACCD CABD PASSAGE 3 BDCBB CBDAD CA PASSAGE 4 BBDBD CACA PASSAGE 5 DACCB DBBAD PASSAGE 6 DBDBC ACABD PASSAGE 7 BCDCD CBABB PASSAGE 8 DDCCB CADA PASSAGE 9 CBDBD BBA PASSAGE 10 ACDCA BCDBA PASSAGE 11 CAABD CADD PASSAGE 12 CDACB AACCB PASSAGE 13 AACAC CAD PASSAGE 14 DCABC DABAC DBA PASSAGE 15 DABDC CDCBD AB PASSAGE 16 DBBCA DCDCDA PASSAGE 17 DAACA DCBCD CA PASSAGE 18 BBBDB CCCDA PASSAGE 19 BBDDC DCBCA C PASSAGE 20 BCACD DCBAAPASSAGE 21 BDCAA BABD PASSAGE 22 CDBBD ABDDA PASSAGE 23 BBDBA ACADC DAC PASSAGE 24 BCBBC ADABA A PASSAGE 25 CABBB DDABC A PASSAGE 26 ADDBC DACBA PASSAGE 27 DADBC BBDBA D PASSAGE 28 ACBBA ABCBA PASSAGE 29 ACBDC ABDB PASSAGE 30 DABCC CBCB PASSAGE 31 BDCDD ACBBB C PASSAGE 32 CBDBA DACBD PASSAGE 33 ADADC ABDBB C PASSAGE 34 DCADB CDBBA B PASSAGE 35 CABCA BCDBA PASSAGE 36 BADCC BACBD C PASSAGE 37 BBADA BBCCD PASSAGE 38 BDBDB DAACD B PASSAGE 39 CDAAC BCABB D PASSAGE 40 BDDCC ABADCB PASSAGE 41 CBBCD CDAD PASSAGE 42 CBDDA BCCAC DPASSAGE 43 BBCAA D PASSAGE 44 CBBCA D PASSAGE 45 BCADA DD PASSAGE 46 ACBDB ABC PASSAGE 47 DCBAD AC PASSAGE 48 DCBAD CCADD PASSAGE 49 BCCBA DBCBD B PASSAGE 50 DCCAC BBCAD PASSAGE 51 BCADB DADD PASSAGE 52 AABDA ADDBD PASSAGE 53 ACBDA ADBD PASSAGE 54 ACCBB DACD PASSAGE 55 ABCCB CABD PASSAGE 56 BDBCC ACAA PASSAGE 57 ABCCC DDAA PASSAGE 58 BABDB CDADC PASSAGE 59 ACBBA ACDB PASSAGE 60 DACDB BACCA PASSAGE 61 BCADD DCA PASSAGE 62 CABDC ABCBD PASSAGE 63 CBDCB ABDCB PASSAGE 64 DCABC AACADPASSAGE 65 BBADB DACCB PASSAGE 66 CABCD AAABD B PASSAGE 67 BDACB DADCD PASSAGE 68 BAADC CDADB C PASSAGE 69 BABCD ADDBB PASSAGE 70 BCDCB ADAD PASSAGE 71 DBCAD CDCDA B PASSAGE 72 BCCAD DCACA PASSAGE 73 CABCB CBDA PASSAGE 74 CBDAB AADBD PASSAGE 75 ADABC CCDCC PASSAGE 76 BACCD BBBC PASSAGE 77 BCDCD AADAB C PASSAGE 78 BDAAD DCCBD PASSAGE 79 BDBDC AACDB C PASSAGE 80 BCADB ADABA A PASSAGE 81 DABDD ACBDD AB PASSAGE 82 CBADD CCABD PASSAGE 83 CAADC BCBDD C PASSAGE 84 CCAAA BDDDB PASSAGE 85 CBADC CDCCB PASSAGE 86 BBDCC CADBD APASSAGE 87 ABBDB DCABD PASSAGE 88 ADBCA BBCD PASSAGE 89 CADAD ACBD PASSAGE 90 CCADB CACC PASSAGE 91 CBBAA DCACC PASSAGE 92 ABDAC DCCCC PASSAGE 93 CAACB DCBCA D PASSAGE 94 DBCAB CBBCA D PASSAGE 95 ABCCB ADBAAD PASSAGE 96 CBCDA ABACC PASSAGE 97 BCDAD CACDC PASSAGE 98 DCCBD DBBAC PASSAGE 99 CDCBC BCBAC D PASSAGE 100 B AACD DBCAA C。
托福英语试题题库及答案
托福英语试题题库及答案一、听力理解（Listening Comprehension）1. 根据所听对话，选择正确的答案。
A. 学生正在图书馆寻找资料。
B. 学生错过了图书馆的开放时间。
C. 图书馆管理员正在帮助学生。
D. 学生在图书馆找到了需要的资料。
答案：B2. 根据所听讲座，以下哪项是教授提到的主要观点？A. 气候变化对农业的影响。
B. 农业技术的发展。
C. 气候变化对城市的影响。
D. 城市化对农业的影响。
答案：A二、阅读理解（Reading Comprehension）1. 阅读以下段落，然后回答问题。
"The development of new technologies has greatly influenced the way we live and work. For instance, the internet has made communication faster and more convenient."根据上文，新技术对我们生活的影响是什么？A. 使沟通更慢。
B. 使沟通更快。
C. 使工作更困难。
D. 使工作更简单。
答案：B2. 下列哪项不是作者在文中提到的？A. 互联网。
B. 电子邮件。
C. 通信。
D. 工作。
答案：B三、口语表达（Speaking Expression）1. 根据以下情境，给出你的答案。
情境：你的朋友告诉你他/她计划去国外留学。
你的回答可能包括：A. 询问他/她为什么选择留学。
B. 表达你对他/她决定的支持。
C. 提供一些留学的建议。
D. 所有上述选项。
答案：D2. 描述你最近参加的一个活动，并解释为什么你参加这个活动。
（此题为开放性问题，考生需根据个人经历作答）四、写作能力（Writing Ability）1. 以“环境保护的重要性”为题，写一篇不少于300字的短文。
（此题为开放性问题，考生需根据题目要求撰写文章）2. 阅读以下段落，并写一篇评论，阐述你的观点。
历年托福考试阅读真题含答案
0308托福试题阅读（55minutes）Question 1-11If food is allowed to stand for some time, it putrefies .When the putrefied materialis examined microscopically ,it is found to be teeming with bacteria. Where do thesebacteria come from , since they are not seen in fresh food? Even until the mid-nineteenthcentury, many people believed that such microorganisms originated by spontaneous(5 )generation ,a hypothetical process by which living organisms develop from nonlivingmatter.The most powerful opponent of the theory of spontaneous generation was the French chemist and microbiologist Louis Pasteur(1822-1895).Pasteur showed that structurespresent in air closely resemble the microorganisms seen in putrefying materials .He did(10) this by passing air through guncotton filters, the fibers of which stop solid particles. Afterthe guncotton was dissolved in a mixture of alcohol and ether, the particles that it hadtrapped fell to the bottom of the liquid and were examined on a microscope slide .Pasteurfound that in ordinary air these exists a variety of solid structures ranging in size from0.01 mm to more than 1.0 mm .Many of these bodies resembledthe reproductive(15)structures of common molds, single-celled animals, and various other microbial cells .As many as 20 to 30 of them were found in fifteen liters of ordinary air ,and they couldnot be distinguished from the organisms found in much larger numbers in putrefying materials .Pasteur concluded that the organisms found in putrefying materials originatedfrom the organized bodies present in the air .He postulated thatthese bodies are constantly(20)being deposited on all objects.Pasteur showed that if a nutrient solution was sealed in a glass flask and heated toboiling to destroy all the living organisms contaminating it, it never putrefied .The proponents of spontaneous generation declared that fresh air was necessary forspontaneous generation and that the air inside the sealed flask was affected in some way(25)by heating so that it would no longer support spontaneousgeneration. Pasteur constructed a swan-necked flask in which putrefying materials could he heated to boiling, but aircould reenter. The bends in the neck prevented microorganisms from getting in the flask.. Material sterilized in such a flask didnot putrefy.1,What does the passage mainly discuss?(a)Pasteur’s influence on the development of the microscope.(b)The origin of the theory of spontaneous generation .(c)The effects of pasteurization on food.nst the theory of spontaneous generation .(d)Pasteur’s argument agai2,The phrase “teeming with ”in line 2 is closest in meaning to(a)full of(b)developing into(c)resistant to(d)hurt by3,Which of the following questions did the theory of spontaneous generation attempt to answer?(a)What is the origin of the living organisms are seen on some food?(b)How many types of organisms can be found on food?(c)What is the most effective way to prepare living organisms for microscopic examination?(d)How long can food stand before it putrefies?4,The word “resemble” in line 9 is closest in meaning to(a)benefit from(b)appear similar to(c)join together with(d)grow from5,The purpose of the “guncotton” mentioned in paragraph 2 was to(a)trap particles for analysis(b)slow the process of putrefaction(c)increase the airflow to the microscopic slide(d)aid the mixing of alcohol and ether6,The author mention “1.0mm”in line 14 in describing the(a)thickness of a layer of organisms that was deposited on an object(b)diameter of the fibers that were in the guncotton filters(c)thickness of the microscope slides that were used(d)size of the particles that that were collected7.The word “postulated”in line 19 is closest in meaning to(a)analyzed(b)doubted(c)persuaded(d)suggested8.The objects that Pasteut removed from the air in his experimentwere remarkable because they were(a)primarily single-celled organisms(b)no different from objects found in putrefying materials(c)fairly rare(d)able to live in a mixture of alcohol and ether9.The word “it” in line 22 refers to(a)a nutrient solution(b)a glass flask(c)boiling(d)spontaneous generation10.According to paragraph 3,proponents of spontaneous generation believed that which of the following was important for the process to succeed ?(a)A sealed container(b)Fresh air(d)The presence of nutrients11.It can be inferred from paragraph 3 that Pasteur employed a swam-necked flask to(a)store sterilized liquids for use in future experiments(b)prevent heat from building up in a solution(c)disprove a criticism of his conclusions(d)estimate the number of organisms in a liter of airQuestions 12-20In the early decades of the United States ,the agrarian movement promoted the farmerhero. In the minds of agrarian thinkers and as society’swriters ,the farmer was a person on whose well-being the health of the new country depended .The period between theRevolution, which ended in 1783,and the Civil War ,which ended in 1865 ,was the age of(5 )the farmer in the United States .Agrarian philosophers ,represented most eloquently byThomas Jefferson, celebrated farmers extravagantly for their supposed centrality in a goodsociety, their political virtue ,and their Superior morality .And virtually all policy makers, whether they subscribed to the tenets of the philosophy held by Jefferson or not, recognized agriculture as the key component of the American economy .Consequently ,government at(10)all levels worked to encourage farmers as a social group and agriculture as economicenterprise.Both the national and state governments developed transportation infrastructure,building canals, roads, bridges, and railroads ,deepening harbors ,and removing obstructions from navigable streams .The national government imported plant and animal varieties and(15) launched exploring expeditions into prospective farmlands in the West .In addition ,government trade policies facilitated the exporting of agriculturalFor their part ,farmers seemed to meet the social expectations agrarian philosophershad for them ,as their broader horizons and greater self-respect, both products of the Revolution ,were reflected to some degree in their behavior .Farmers seemed to become(20)more scientific ,joining agricultural societies and reading the farm newspapers that sprangup throughout the country .They began using improved implements, tried new crops andpure animal breeds , and became more receptive to modern theories of soil improvement .They also responded to inducements by national and state governments .Farmersstreamed to the West ,filling frontier lands with stunning rapidity .But farmers responded(25)less to the expectations of agrarians and governmentinducements than to growing market opportunities .European demand for food from the United States seemed insatiable . War, industrialization , and urbanization all kept demand high in Europe . United States citiesand industries grew as well; even industries not directly related to farming thrived becauseof the market, money ,and labor that agriculture provided .12.What does the passage mainly discuss?(a)The agrarian philosophy of Thomas Jefferson(b)The role of the national government in the development of agriculture(c)Improvements in farming techniques(d)The impact of the increased importance of the farmer13.The word “depended” in line 3 is closest in meaning to(a)improved(b)relied(c)demanded(d)explained14.The author mentions Thomas Jefferson in paragraph 1 as anexample of(a)a leader during the Revolution(b)an inventor of new farming techniques(c)a philosopher who believed farmers were essential to the creationof a good society(d)a farmer who guided the agrarian movement toward an emphasison economic developmentclosest in meaning to15.The phrase “subscribed to” in line 8 is(a)contributed to(b)agreed with(c)thought about(d)expanded on16.Which of the following statements is supported by the information in paragraph 1?views of (a)All government policy makers accepted Jefferson’s agriculture and farmers.(b)Agricultural production declined between 1783 and 1861.(c)The majority of farmers worked for the government.(d)Agriculture was a vital part of the nation’s economy.17.According to the passage , the national and state governments didall of the following EXCEPT(a)build roads(b)import new plant varieties(c)give farmers money for their crops(d)develop policies that helped farmers export their products18.All of the following are mentioned as examples of farmers’ meeting the expectations of agrarian philosophers EXCEPT(a)obtaining information from farm newspapers(b)accumulating personal wealth(c)planting new crops(d)becoming more scientific19.The word “stunning” in line 24 is closest in meaning to(a)predictable(b)impressive(c)famous(d)gradual20.Which of the following statements is best supported by paragraph4?(a)Agricultural development contributed to development in otherparts of the economy.(b)European agricultural products were of a higher quality thanthose produced in the United States.(c)The growing settlement of the West led to a decrease inagricultural production.(d)Farmers were influenced more by government policies than bymarket opportunities.Question 21-29The wide variety of climates in North America has helpedspawn a complex pattern ofsoil regions. In general, the realm’s soils also reflect the broad environmental partitioningand “arid A merica.” Where annual into “humid America” precipitation exceeds 20 inches(50 centimeters),soils in humid areas tend to be acidic inchemical content, Since crops(5 ) do best in soils that are neither acidic(higher in acid content) noralkaline(higher in salt content).fertilization is necessary toachieve the desired level of neutrality between thetwo. Arid America’s soils are typically alkaline and must be fertilized back towardneutrality by adding acidic compounds. Although many of these dryland soils, particularlyin the Great Plains, are quite fertile, European settlers learned over a century ago that(10)water is the main missing ingredient in achieving their agricultural potential. In the1970’s, certain irrigation methods were perfected and finally provided a real opportunityto expand more intensive farming west from the Central Lowland into the drier portionsof the Great Plains. Glaciation also enhanced the rich legacy of fertile soils in the centralUnited States,both from the deposition of mineral-rich glacial debris left by meltwater(15)and from thick layers of fine wind-blown glacial material, called loess, in and around themiddle Mississippi Valley.Natural vegetation patterns could be displayed on a map of North America, but theenormous human modification of the North American environment in modern times hasall but reduced this regionalization scheme to the level of the hypothetical. Nonetheless,(20)the humid America-arid America dichotomy is still a valid generalization: the naturalvegetation of areas receiving more than 20 inches of water yearly is forest, whereas thedrier climates give rise to a grassland cover. The forests of North America tent to makea broad transition by latitude. In the Canadian North, needle-leaf forests dominate, butthese coniferous trees become mixed with broadleaf deciduous trees as one crosses the(25)border into the Northeast United States. As one proceedstoward the Southeast, broadleaf vegetation becomes dominant.Arid America mostly consists of short-grass prairies orstepper. The only areas of true desert are in the Southwest.21 What aspect of North America does the passage mainly discuss?(A) The wide variety of climates(B) Soil types and vegetation patterns(C) Improved irrigation methods and the expansion of agriculture(D) The change in precipitation patterns22 The word “spawn ” in line 1 is closest in meaning to(A) distinguish(B) eliminate(C) protect(D) create23 The word “partitioning” in line 2 is closest in meaning to(A) division(B) modification(C) opening(D) circulating24 According to the passage, acidic soils tent to be associated with(A) a high salt content(B) an increase in farming(C) large amounts of rain(D) glacial meltwater25 The word “enhanced” in line 13 is closest in meaning to(A) implied(B) increased(C) indicated(D) informed26 How did glacial meltdown affect the soil in North America?(A) It redistributed the soil types(B) It added salt to the soil(C) It made the soil more neutral in content(D) It added minerals to the soilregionalization scheme” in line 19 refers to the27 The phrase “this(A) movements of glacial deposits(B) patterns of natural vegetation(C) human modification of the North American environment(D) distinction between humid America and arid America28 The word “transition” in line 23 is closest in meaning to(A) elevation(B) change(C) advantage(D) condition29 The passage supports which of the following statements?(A) Arid America is not necessarily characterized by the presenceof deserts(B) M ost of Canada and the northeastern United States consists ofshort-grass prairies wherever natural vegetation has not been modified by humans(C) The accumulation of loess is primarily the result of irrigation(D) Glaciation removed the fertile layer of soil from much of theMississippi ValleyQuestions 30-40Most sources of illumination generate light over an appreciable period, and indeed ifan object is lit for a very brief time(less that 1/25 second), the human eye will not reactin time to see the object. A photographic emulsion---that is, alight-sensitive coating on photographic film, paper, or glass---will, however, record much shorter bursts of light. A(5 ) photographic flash can therefore be used to capture high-speed movement on film as wellas to correct deficiencies of the normal surrounding lighting.Photoflash is now generated electronically, but the earliest form,first used in 1864, was a paper bag containingmagnesium wire and some oxygen-rich substance, such as potassium chlorate. When thebag was ignited, the metal burned with an intense flash. A contemporary observer reported(10) that “this quite unsafe device seems to have done nothing worse that engulf the room indense smoke and lead to pictures of dubious quality and odd pose s.”The evolution of the photoflash was slow, flashbulbs, containing fine wire made of ametal, such as magnesium or aluminum, capable of being ignited in an atmosphere of pure oxygen at low pressure, werearliest type, the metal introduced only in the 1920’s. In the e(15) was separated from the oxygen by a thin glass bulb. The flash was fired by piercing thebulb and allowing the oxygen to come into contact with the metal, which ignitedspontaneously. Later bulbs were fired by an electric battery, which heated the wire bypassing a small current through it. Other combinations, such as the pairing of oxygendifluoride with zirconium, have also been used. In each case enough energy is given out to(20) heat the oxidizable metal momentarily to a white-hot emissionof visible light. The smoke particles are so small that they cool rapidly; but since they are white, they contribute to the brilliance by reflecting the light from their still-glowing neighbors. A slightly bigger formof the metal will burn for a longer time.30 What does the passage mainly discuss?(A) The history of the photoflash(B) Theories about how the eye reacts to light(C) The technology of modern photography(D) The dangers of using the early photoflash31 According to the passage,1/25 second is the minimum amount of time required for the(A) recording of an image on film(B) generation of artificial light(C) creation of a photographic emulsion(D) human eye to react to light32 According to the passage, an advantage of using a photoflash is that it(A) can produce repeated bursts of light(B) intensities colors in photographs(C) is short enough not to bother human eyes(D) supplements existing lighting33 The word “ignited” in line 9 is closest in meaning to(A) set on fire(B) cut into(C) opened(D) shaken34 Which of the following phrases is defined in paragraph 1?(A)”appreciable period”(line 1)(B)”photographic emulsion”(line 3)(C)”high-speed movement”(line 5)(D)”odd poses”(line 11)35 The word “evolution” in line 12 is closest in meaning to(A) publicity(B) adoption(C) development(D) manufacture36 The function of the glass in the first flashbulbs was to(A) produce the spark that initiated the flash(B) magnify the light produced by the flash(C) protect the photographer from the heat of the flash(D) keep the metal and oxygen apart before the flash37 The word “it” in line 18 refers to(A) oxygen(B) battery(C) wire(D) currenting to38 The word “momentarily” in line 20 is closest in mean(A) effortlessly(B) briefly(C) electronically(D) gradually39 According to the passage, the white color of the smoke particles generated by a flashbulb contributes to(A) rapid cooling(B) bright illumination(C) electrical conductivity(D) intense heat40 According to the passage, a flashbulb can be made to burn longer by using(A) thicker wire(B) more oxygen(C) thinner glass(D) continuous electricityQuestions 41-50The stylistic innovation in paining known as Impressionism began in the 1870’s. The Impressionists wanted to depict what they saw in nature, but they were inspired to portray fragmentary moments by the increasingly fast pace of modern life. They concentrated onthe play of light over objects, people, and nature, breaking up seemingly solid surfaces,(5 ) stressing vivid contrast between colors in sunlight and shade, and depiction reflected lightin all of its possibilities. Unlike earlier artists, they did not want to observe the world from indoors. They abandoned the studio, painting in the open air and recording spontaneous Impressions of their subjects instead of making outside sketches and then moving indoorsto complete the work form memory.painting methods were (10) Some of the Impressionists’ affected by technologicaladvances. For example, the shift from the studio to the open air was made possible inpart by the advent of cheap rail travel, which permitted easy and quick access to thecountryside or seashore, as well as by newly developed chemicaldyes and oils that ledto collapsible paint tubes, which enabled artists to finish their paintings on the spot.(15)Impressionism acquired its name not from supporters butfrom angry art lovers whofelt threatened by the new painting. The term “Impressionism” was born in 1874,whena group of artists who had been working together organized an exhibition of theirpaintings in order to draw public attention to their work. Reaction from the public andpress was immediate, and derisive. Among the 165 paintingsexhibited was one called(20)Impression: Sunrise, by Claude Monet(1840-1926),Viewedthrough hostile eyes,Monet’s painting of a rising sun over a misty, watery scene seemed messy, slapdash,s title, art critics and an affront to good taste. Borrowing Monet’to the entire exhibit. In extended the term “Impressionism” response, Monet and his 29 fellow artists inthe exhibit adopted the same name as a badge of their unity, despite individual differences.(25)From then until 1886 Impressionism had all the zeal of a “church”, as the painter Renoirput it. Monet was faithful to the Impressionist creed until his death, although many of theothers moved on to new styles.41 What aspect of painting in the nineteenth century does the passage mainly discuss?(A) The impact of some artists’ resistance to the fast pace of life(B) The differences between two major styles of art(C) A technological advance in the materials used by artists(D) A group of artists with a new technique and approach to art42 The word “depict” in line 2 is closest in meaning to(A) reorganize(B) deform(C) represent(D) justify43 According to the passage, which of the following was one of the distinguishing characteristics of Impressionist painting?(A) The emphasis on people rather than nature scenes(B) The way the subjects were presented from multiple angles(C) The focus on small solid objects(D) The depiction of the effects of light and color44 Which of the following is a significant way in which Impressionists were different from the artists that preceded them?(A) They began by making sketches of their subjects(B) They painted their subjects out-of-doors(C) They preferred to paint from memory(D) They used subjects drawn from modern life45 The word “advent” in line 12 is closest in meaning to(A) achievement(B) acceptance(C) arrival(D) advantage46 The exhibition of paintings organized in 1874 resulted in all ofthe following EXCEPT(A) attracting attention from the public(B) a negative reaction from the press(C) an immediate demand for the paintings exhibited(D) creating a name for a new style of painting47 The word “affront” in line 22 is closest in meaning to(A) insult(B) encouragement(C) return(D) credit48 The rejection of the Impressionist exhibition by critics was caused by which of the following?(A) The small number of paintings on display(B) L ack of interest in exhibitions by young artists(C) The similarity between all the paintings exhibited(D) Anger about seemingly poorly painted art49 The author mentions Renoir in line 25 to give an example of an artist who(A) became as famous as Monet(B) was consistently praised by art critics(C) described the enthusiasm of the Impressionists for their work(D) was in favor of a traditional style of painting50 The word “others” in line 27 refers to(A) art critics(B) fellow artists(C) individual differences(D) new styles0308答案ABADB CCCBA BDDCC DCDBA DACCB DBCAC DACBA BABDC BCAAD CDABACACCB CDBCB DACCC ABCDA CDCDC BDCDC BCDDC DBACBDAABA DDBAB CDBCB DCBBA BDACB DDBAA DDABC DCBBA DCDBC CADCB。
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