2017年上海普陀区高三二模试卷(附答案)祥解
(完整word版)2017届上海市普陀区高三二模数学卷(含答案),推荐文档
2017届第二学期徐汇区学习能力诊断卷高三年级数学学科2017．4一、填空题（本大题共有12题，满分54分，第1~6题每题4分，第7~12题每题5分）考生应在答题纸的相应位置直接填写结果．1. 设全集{}1,2,3,4U =，集合{}2|540,A x x x x Z =-+<∈，则U C A =____________．2. 参数方程为22x t y t⎧=⎨=⎩（t 为参数）的曲线的焦点坐标为____________．3. 已知复数z 满足1z =，则2z -的取值范围是____________．4. 设数列{}n a 的前n 项和为n S ，若*21()3n n S a n N =-∈，则lim n n S →∞=____________．5. 若*1()(4,)2nx n n N x+≥∈的二项展开式中前三项的系数依次成等差数列，则n =_____． 6. 把12345678910、、、、、、、、、分别写在10张形状大小一样的卡片上，随机抽取一张卡片，则抽到写着偶数或大于6的数的卡片的概率为____________．（结果用最简分数表示）7. 若行列式124cossin 022sin cos822x xx x 中元素4的代数余子式的值为12，则实数x 的取值集合为____________．8. 满足约束条件22x y +≤的目标函数z y x =-的最小值是____________．9. 已知函数2log 02()25()239x x x f x x <<⎧⎪=⎨+≥⎪⎩，，．若函数()()g x f x k =-有两个不同的零点，则实数k的取值范围是____________．10. 某部门有8位员工，其中6位员工的月工资分别为8200，8300，8500，9100，9500，9600（单位：元），另两位员工的月工资数据不清楚，但两人的月工资和为17000元，则这8位员工月工资的中位数可能的最大值为____________元．11. 如图：在ABC ∆中，M 为BC 上不同于,B C 的任意一点，点N 满足2AN NM =u u u r u u u u r ．若AN x AB y AC =+u u u r u u u r u u u r，则229x y +的最小值为____________．12. 设单调函数()y p x =的定义域为D ，值域为A ，如果单调函数()y q x =使得函数(())y p q x =的值域也是A ，则称函数()y q x =是函数()y p x =的一个“保值域函数”． 已知定义域为[],a b 的函数2()3h x x =-，函数()f x 与()g x 互为反函数，且()h x 是()f x 的一个“保值域函数”，()g x 是()h x 的一个“保值域函数”，则b a -=___________．二、选择题（本大题共有4题，满分20分，每题5分）每题有且只有一个正确选项．考生应在答题纸的相应位置，将代表正确选项的小方格涂黑．13. “1x >”是“11x<”的（ ） （A ）充分非必要条件 （B ）必要非充分条件 （C ）充要条件 （D ）既非充分也非必要条件 14. 《九章算术》是我国古代数学著作，书中有如下问题：“今有委米依垣内角，下周八尺，高五尺，问：积及米几何？”其意思为：“在屋内墙角处堆放米（如图，米堆为一个圆锥的四分之一），米堆底部的弧长为8尺，米堆的高为5尺，问米堆的体积及堆放的米各为多少？”已知一斛米的体积约为1.62立方尺，由此估算出堆放的米约有（ ）（A ）21斛 （B ）34斛 （C ）55斛 （D ）63斛15. 将函数1y x=-的图像按向量(1,0)a =r 平移，得到的函数图像与函数2sin (24)y x x π=-≤≤的图像的所有交点的横坐标之和等于（ ）（A ）2 （B ）4 （C ）6 （D ）816. 过椭圆221(4)4x y m m m +=>-右焦点F 的圆与圆22:1O x y +=外切，则该圆直径FQ 的端点Q 的轨迹是（ ）（A ）一条射线 （B ）两条射线 （C ）双曲线的一支 （D ）抛物线N A三、解答题（本大题共有5题，满分76分）解答下列各题必须在答题纸的相应位置写出必要的步骤．17. （本题满分14分，第1小题满分6分，第2小题满分8分）如图：在四棱锥P ABCD -中，PA ⊥平面ABCD ，底面ABCD 是正方形，2PA AD ==． （1）求异面直线PC 与AB 所成角的大小（结果用反三角函数值表示）； （2）若点E 、F 分别是棱AD 和PC 的中点，求证：EF ⊥平面PBC ．18. （本题满分14分，第1小题满分6分，第2小题满分8分）已知函数41()2x xm f x ⋅+=是偶函数．（1）求实数m 的值；（2）若关于x 的不等式22()31k f x k ⋅>+在(,0)-∞上恒成立，求实数k 的取值范围．19. （本题满分14分，第1小题满分7分，第2小题满分7分）如图所示：湖面上甲、乙、丙三艘船沿着同一条直线航行，某一时刻，甲船在最前面的A 点处，乙船在中间的B 点处，丙船在最后面的C 点处，且:3:1BC AB =．一架无人机在空中的P 点处对它们进行数据测量，在同一时刻测得030APB ∠=，090BPC ∠=．（船只与无人机的大小及其它因素忽略不计）（1）求此时无人机到甲、丙两船的距离之比；（2）若此时甲、乙两船相距100米，求无人机到丙船的距离．（精确到1米）FEBA P20.（本题满分16分，第1小题满分4分，第2小题满分7分，第3小题满分5分）如图：椭圆2212x y +=与双曲线22221(0,0)x y a b a b-=>>有相同的焦点12F F 、，它们在y 轴右侧有两个交点A 、B ，满足220F A F B +=u u u u r u u u u r r．将直线AB 左侧的椭圆部分（含A ,B 两点）记为曲线1W ，直线AB 右侧的双曲线部分（不含A ,B 两点）记为曲线2W ．以1F 为端点作一条射线，分别交1W 于点(,)p p P x y ，交2W 于点(,)M M M x y (点M 在第一象限),设此时F 1=1m F P ⋅u u u r.（1）求2W 的方程; （2）证明:1p x m=，并探索直线2MF 与2PF 斜率之间的关系; （3）设直线2MF 交1W 于点N ，求1MF N ∆的面积S 的取值范围.21.（本题满分18分，第1小题满分4分，第2小题满分6分，第3小题满分8分）现有正整数构成的数表如下： 第一行： 1 第二行： 1 2 第三行： 1 1 2 3第四行： 1 1 2 1 1 2 3 4第五行： 1 1 2 1 1 2 3 1 1 2 1 1 2 3 4 5 …… …… ……第k 行：先抄写第1行,接着按原序抄写第2行,然后按原序抄写第3行,⋯,直至按原序抄写第1k -行,最后添上数k .（如第四行，先抄写第一行的数1，接着按原序抄写第二行的数1，2，接着按原序抄写第三行的数1，1，2，3，最后添上数4）.将按照上述方式写下的第n 个数记作n a (如11a =,21a =,32a =,41a =,⋯,73a =,⋯,14153,4,a a ==L )．（1）用k t 表示数表第k 行的数的个数，求数列{}k t 的前k 项和k T ；（2）第8行中的数是否超过73个？若是，用0n a 表示第8行中的第73个数，试求0n 和0n a 的值；若不是，请说明理由；（3）令123n n S a a a a =++++L ，求2017S 的值．参考答案一、填空题：(共54分，第1~6题每题4分；第7~12题每题5分)1. {}1,42. (1,0)3. []1,34. 15. 86. 7107. |2,3x x k k Z ππ⎧⎫=±∈⎨⎬⎩⎭8. 2- 9. 5(,1)9 10. 8800 11. 25 12. 1二、 选择题：(共20分，每题5分)13. A 14. A 15. D 16. C 三、 解答题 17、解：（1）以点A 为原点，以AB 方向为x 轴正方向，AD 方向为y 轴正方向，建立空间直角坐标系，则(0,0,2),(0,0,0),(2,0,0),(2,2,0),(0,2,0)P A B C D ,--------2分所以，(2,2,2),(2,0,0)PC AB =-=u u u r u u u r,--------4分设,PC AB u u u r u u ur的夹角为α，则cos 3PC AB PC AB α⋅===⋅u u u r u u u r u u u r u u u r 分 所以，,PC AB u u u r u u u r 的夹角为arccos 3，即异面直线PC 与AB 所成角的大小为分 （2）因为点E 、F 分别是棱AD 和PC 的中点，可得(0,1,0)E ，(1,1,1)F ，所以(1,0,1)EF =u u u r，--------8分 又(0,2,0)BC =u u u r ，(2,2,2)PC =-u u u r，--------10分计算可得0,0EF PC EF BC ⋅=⋅=u u u r u u u r u u u r u u u r，--------12分所以，,EF PC EF BC ⊥⊥，又PC BC C =I ，所以EF ⊥平面PBC .--------14分18、(1) 因为函数41()2x xm f x ⋅+=是定义域为R 的偶函数，所以有()()f x f x -=，-2分即414122x x x xm m --⋅+⋅+=， 即44122x x x xm m +⋅+=， ------------------------------4分 故m =1. -----------------------------------------6分(2)241()0,3102x xf x k +=>+>，且22()31k f x k ⋅>+在(,0)-∞上恒成立，故原不等式等价于22131()k k f x >+在(,0)-∞上恒成立，--------------------8分又x ∈(,0)-∞，所以()()2,f x ∈+∞， -------------------------------------10分 所以110,()2f x ⎛⎫∈ ⎪⎝⎭，----------------------------11分 从而221312k k ≥+，----------------------------12分 因此，1,13k ⎡⎤∈⎢⎥⎣⎦. -------------------------------------------------------------------14分19、(1)在APB ∆中，由正弦定理，得1sin sin 2AP AB ABABP APB==∠∠，-----------2分 在BPC ∆中，由正弦定理，得sin sin 1CP BC BCCBP CPB ==∠∠，-----------4分 又31BC AB =，sin sin ABP CBP ∠=∠，--------------------------------------------6分故23AP CP =.即无人机到甲、丙两船的距离之比为23.-----------------------7分C B A P(2)由:3:1BC AB =得AC =400，且0120APC ∠=， ------------------------------9分 由(1)，可设AP =2x ，则CP =3x ， ---------------------------------------------10分 在APC ∆中，由余弦定理，得160000=(2x )2+(3x )2-2(2x )(3x )cos1200，------12分 解得x19=， 即无人机到丙船的距离为CP =3x275≈米. ----14分 20、解：（1）由条件，得2(1,0)F ，根据220F A F B +=u u u u r u u u u r r知，F 2、A 、B 三点共线，且由椭圆与双曲线的对称性知，A 、B 关于x 轴对称， 故AB 所在直线为x =1，从而得(1,2A，(1,2B -.--------------2分 所以，221112a b-=,又因为2F 为双曲线的焦点，所以221a b +=， 解得2212a b ==. ---------------------------------------------------------------3分因此，2W 的方程为2211122x y -=(1x >). ------------4分 (2) 由P (x p ,y p )、M (x M ,y M )，得1F P u u u r =(x p +1,y p )，1F M u u u u r=(x M +1,y M )，由条件，得1(1)M p M p x m x y my +=+⎧⎪⎨=⎪⎩，即1M p Mp x mx m y my =+-⎧⎪⎨=⎪⎩， ---------------5分由P (x p ,y p )、M (x M ,y M )分别在曲线1W 和2W 上，有2222122(1)2()1p p p p x y mx m my ⎧+=⎪⎨⎪+--=⎩，消去y p ，得2234(1)140p p m x m m x m +-+-= (*) ---------------7分将1m 代入方程(*)，成立，因此(*)有一根1p x m=,结合韦达定理得另一根为143p m x m -=，因为1m >,所以143p mx m-=<-1，舍去. 所以，1p x m=. -----------------------------------------------------8分 从而P 点坐标为(1m)，所以，直线2PF的斜率2PF k =，-------------------------------------9分由1M p x mx m m =+-=,得M (m所以，直线2MF的斜率2MF k =.--------------------10分因此，2MF 与2PF 斜率之和为零. ---------------------------------11分（3）由(2)知直线2PF 与2NF 关于x 轴对称，结合椭圆的对称性知点P 与点N 关于x 轴对称，故N (m 1,1m-212-m ), -----------------------------12分 因此，S=21⨯|F 1F 2|(|y M |+|y N |)=21⨯2(212-m +m 1212-m ) =212-m +2211m -，-----------14分 因为S 在()1,+∞上单调递增, ----------------------------------15分 所以,S的取值范围是)+∞.----------------------------------------------------16分21、解：（1）当2k ≥时，1211k k t t t t -=+++L ，----------------------------------------------------------------2分 1121k k t t t t +=+++L ，于是1k k k t t t +-=，即12k k t t +=，又2112,1t t t ==， ---------------------3分所以12k k t -=，故21122221k kk T -=++++=-L . ---------------4分（2）由12k k t -=得第8行中共有27=128个数，所以，第8行中的数超过73个，-------6分70773*******n T =+=-+=，-----7分从而，020073n a a a ==，由26-1=63<73，27-1=127>73，所以，按上述顺序依次写下的第73个数应是第7行的第73-63=10个数，同上过程知7310a a ==2，--------------------------------------------------------9分所以，02n a =.--------------------------------------------------------------10分（3）由于数表的前n 行共有21n -个数，于是，先计算21n S -.方法一：在前21n-个数中，共有1个n ，2个1n -，22个2n -，……，2n -k个k ，……，2n-1个1， ---------------------------------------------------12分 因此21n S -=n ×1+(n -1)×2+…+ k ×2n -k +…+2×2n -2+1×2n -1 则2×21n S -=n ×2+(n -1)×22+…+ k ×2n-k+1+…+2×2n-1+1×2n两式相减，得21n S -=n -+2+22+…+2n-1+2n ＝2n+1-n -2. ------------15分方法二：由此数表构成的过程知，121212n n S S n ---=+，---------------12分 则21n S -+n +2=2(121n S --+n +1)，即数列{21n S -+n +2}是以S 1+1+2=4为首项，2为公比的等比数列, 所以21n S -+n +2＝4×2n-1，即21n S -=2n+1-n -2. ------------------------------15分 S 2017=1021S -+S 994 -----------------------------------------------------------------16分=1021S -+921S -+S 483=1021S -+921S -+821S -+S 228＝1021S -+921S -+821S -+721S -+S 101 =1021S -+921S -+821S -+721S -+621S -+S 38 =1021S -+921S -+821S -+721S -+621S -+521S -+S 7=(211-12)+(210-11)+(29-10)+(28-9)+(27-8)+(26-7)+(24-5)=3986. ------------------------------------------------------------------------18分。
2017年普陀区高三英语二模试卷(完整版)
2017届上海市普陀区高考二模试卷(含答案)II. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill inthe blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks,use one word that best fits each blank.Wildlife in Decline The populations of Earths wild vertebrates (脊椎动物）have declined by 58% over the past four decades, according to the Living Planet Report 2016 published by the World Wildlife Fund. Climate change and activities such as deforestation and poaching（偷猎）are in large part(21)______(blame) for the decline. If the trend continues, by 2020, the world (22)________(lose) two-thirds of its vertebrate biodiversity. “Sadly, there is no sign yet (23)________ this rate will decrease,” the report says.“Across land, fresh water and the oceans, human activities are forcing wildlife populations to the edge," says Marco Lambertini, director-general of WWF International. The Living Planet Report is published every two years. It aims to provide an assessment of the state of the worlds wildlife. The 2016 study included 3700 different species of birds, fish, mammals, amphibians and reptiles around the world. The team collected data from more than 3000 sources, including government statistics and surveys (24) ______ (carry) out by conservation groups. They then analyzed (25) ______ the population sizes had changed over time. Lambertini said some groups of animals had done worse than others. ''We do see particularly strong declines (26) ______ the freshwater environment. For freshwater species alone, the decline stands at 81% since 1970. This is related to the way that water (27)________(use) and taken out of freshwater systems, and also to the fragmentation（分裂）of freshwater systems through dam building, for example.”The report also highlighted other species, such as African elephants, (28) ________ nave suffered huge declines in recent years, and sharks, which are threatened by overfishing. (29) ________ ________________ all the terrifying facts, however, some conservationists say there is still hope. “One of the things that I think is the most important is that these wild animals haven't yet gone extinct,” said Robin Freeman，head of the Zoological Society of London. “On the whole, (30) ________ are not dying out, andthat means we still have opportunities to do something about the decline.”Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Leadership Traits_（特质）__My job puts me in contact with extraordinary leaders in many fields. So I tend to ____31____ a lot on leadership and how we can inspire successful teamwork, cooperation, and partnerships. In my experience,it is clear that the most successful leadersboth men and womenalways demonstrate three ____32____ traits. Trustworthiness Leaders must set an example of honesty and justice and earn the trust of their teams through their everyday actions. When you do so with positive energy and enthusiasm for ____33____ goals and purpose, you can deeply connect with your team and customers. A culture of trust enables you to empower employees and ____34____ the foundation for communication, accountability, and continuous improvement.Compassion (共情) You can't forget that organizational success ____35____ from the hearts and minds of the men and women you lead. Rather than treating your people as youd like to be treated, treat them as they would like to be treated. Small gestures like choosing face-to-face meetings or sending personal____36____ can have an enormous impact on the spirits of the teams. In addition to thanks and praise, you must also understand peoples needs, pressures, and individual goals, which will allow you to lead them more effectively and ____37____ to their personal ambitions and professional development. Decisiveness In times of ____38____ employees long for clarity. As a leader, you won't always have all of the answersno one expects you toso you must be open to listening and learning from others. Once you understand a particular challenge and ____39____ the options, you have to be confident in making bold and optimistic decisions. Successful leadership demands a lifelong commitment to sharpening these three basic skills. Wherever you have the opportunity to ____40____, the qualities of trustworthiness, compassion, and decisiveness are the keys to leadership and organizational success.III Reading ComprehensionDirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Boxing is a popular sport that many people seem to be fascinated by . Newspapers , magazines and sports programme on TV frequently _____41____boxing matches . Professional boxers earn a lot of money , and successful boxers are ____42___as big heroes. It seems to me that people , especially men ,find it__43_____because it is an aggressive sport . When they watch a boxing match , they can ___44____ the winning boxer , and this gives them the feeling of being a _ 45_____ themselves . It is a fact that many people have feeling of aggression from time to time , but they cannot show their __46_____in their everyday lives . Watching a boxing match gives them an outlet for this aggression . However , there is a__47____side to boxing . It can be a very dangerous sport . Although boxers wear gloves during the fights , and amateur boxers __48____have to wear helmets , there have frequently been accident in both professional and amateur boxing , sometimes with __49______consequences . Boxers have suffered from head injuries , and occasionally , fighters have even been killed as a result of being knocked out inthe___50_______. Furthermore , studies have shown that there are often long-term effects of boxing , in the form of serious brain _51______,even if a boxer has never been knocked out . I am personally not at all in __52____of aggressive sports like boxing . I think it would be better if less time was ___53____to aggressive sports on TV, and we welcomed more men and women from non-aggressive sports as our heroes and heroines in our society . I believe that the world is aggressive enough already ! Of course , people like __54_____sports , and so do I , but I think that ___55___other people in an aggressive way is not something that should be regarded as a sport.41. A. broadcast B. cover C. host D. design42.A. kept B.individual C. thought D. treated43.A. appealing B. subjective C. violent D. challenging44.A. pick up B. believe in C. identify with D. long for45. A. winner B. spectator C. inspector D. trainer46. A. ambition B. aggression C. energy D. strength47. A. positive B. indifferent C. deadly D. negative48. A. otherwise B. somehow C. even D. barely49.A. dramatic B. eye-catching C. emotional D. special50. A. court B. ring C. pitch D. yard51.A. Loss B. drain C. damage D. disorder52. A. favour B. process C. charge D. power54. A. competitive B. quiet C. cooperative D. regular55. A. invading B. insulting C. teasing D. hittingSection B Directions:Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A. B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)FrankensteinFrankenstein was a book by Mary Shelly ----its been adapted for the screen dozens of times. The story ofFrankenstein is told through a series of letters written by Captain Robert Walton to his sister , as he leads an expedition （长征）to the North Pole . On the way , he meets Victor Frankenstein , who tells Walton the story of his life. Frankenstein is the surname of the guy who creates the monster . The monster doesn’t actually have a game . Anyway , Victor is a scientist who’s desperate to discover the secret of life . After years of study , he makes an enormous creature out of human remains and brings it to life . Victor intends it to be beautiful . Unfortunately , the creature turns out really hideous , and Victor runs away in terror . Although the monster is good and kind , humans are scared of it . When they mistreat it , the monster becomes angry and evil . Wanting revenge on its creator , the monster murders Dr. Frankenstein’ brother , his wife , and his best friend . When Victor figures out the monster is behind all the deaths , he swears to track it down and kill it . This book was written in 1816, right after a period called the Enlightenment . The Enlightenment emphasized the pursuit of knowledge and reason , and gave rise to the scientific method . Mary Shelley criticized the Enlightenment through the character of Victor Frankenstein , “ He is a negative example of an Enlightenment scientist -------he pursues knowledge at any cost , and his obsession with discovering the secret of life destroys him , as well as his friends and family .” Some Enlightenment thinkers might have seen such a loss as necessary for the advancement of science , but not Mary Shelley . She and her husband , poet Percy Shelly , were part of the Romantic Movement in art and literature . Romanticism was a reaction against the Enlightenment embrace of rationality and reason . The Romantics emphasized emotion over rationality , and thought people should feel awe and terror in regard to nature . Frankenstein incorporates all these ideas. To Shelley , Frankenstein doesn’t fear and respect the world of nature enough ------she says that by tempering with nature , he brings about complete disaster . Frankenstein is not just a great Romantic novel . Its also considered one of the first major works of science fiction . It influences a whole generation of writers , and the monster has become one of the most recognizable figures in Western culture.56. Which of the following is closest in the meaning to hideous in Paragraph 1?A. UnattractiveB. EngagingC. CharmingD. Handsome57. What is Victor Frankenstein’s fatal weakness?A. His love of scienceB. His rejection of his own creationC. His lack of respect for natureD. His inability to form human relationship58.How was the Romantic era different from the Enlightenment ?A.The Romantic era emphasized emotion ; the Enlightenment emphasized reason .B. The Romantic era occurred during the 20th century ; the Enlightenment occurred during the 19th century .C.The Romantic era emphasized poetry ; the Enlightenment emphasized prose .D.The Romantic era saw major scientific discoveries ; the Enlightenment was an era of literary discovery .59. What effect did “ F rankenstein” have on later works of fiction ?A. It inspired books about the EnlightenmentB. It inspired technical writingC. It inspired books of poetryD. It inspired science-fiction writing60. If you are a 22-year-old nurse , you can apply for the railcard without ________.A. the signature of your director B $ 28 c. application form D. passport-sized photos61. The 1/3 OFF discount may not apply for the railcard holders who travel at _______.A. 11 pm on Sunday in AugustB. 7. am on Tuesday in FebruaryC. 7 am on Monday in JulyD. 11 pm on Friday in March62. Which of the following is True according to the leaflet ?A. If you railcard doesn’t have your name signed , it will be used by someone else.B. The benefits of a railcard are transferable to your friend of your age .C. If you have no ticket but have boarded a train , you will still be eligible for a discounted ticketD. If railcard holders wish to use the Eurostar network , they must pay the full fare. The ‘ PhoneStack(堆)’GameWhenever Michael Carl , the fashion market director at Vanity Fair , goes out to dinner with friends , he plays something, cal led the “ phone stack” game : Everyone places their phones in the middle of the table ; whoever looks at their device before the check arrives picks up the bill . As smart-phones continue to burrow(钻入) their way into our lives , and wearable devices like Google Glass threaten to eat into our person space even further , overburdened users are carving out their own device-free zones with special tricks and life hacks . “Disconnecting is a luxury that we all need ,” Lesley M. M. Blume , a New York writer keeps her phone away from the dinner table at home .” The expectation that we must always be available to employers ,colleague, family : It creates a real obstacle in trying to set aside private time . But that private time is more important than ever. “ Much o f the digital detoxing （戒毒）is centered on the home , where urgent e-mails from co-workers , texts from friends , Instagram photos from acquaintances and updates on Facebook get together to disturb domestic quietness. A popular method is to appoint a kind of cellphone lockbox , like the milk tin that Brandon Holley , the former editor of lucky magazine , uses. “ If my phones is buzzing or lighting up , its still a distraction , so it goes in the box . “, said Ms. Holley , who lives in a row house in Red Hook , Brooklyn , with her son ,Smith , and husband , John .” Its not something I want my kid to see.” Sleep is a big factor , which is why some people draw the cellphone-free line at the bedroom.” I don’t want to sleep next to something that is a charged ball of information with photos an e-mails ,” said Peter Som , the fashion designer , who keeps his phone plugged in the living room overnight .” “It definitely is a head clearer and describes daytime and sleep time clearly .”Households with young children are especially mindful about being overconnected , with parents sensitive to how children may imitate bad habits . But its not just inside the home where users are separating themselves from the habit . Cellphone overusers are making efforts to disconnect in social settings ,whetherway for friends to police against rude behavior when eating out . The game gained popularity after Brian Perez, a dancer in Los Angeles , posted the idea online.63.What might be the reason for Michael Carl to play the “ phone stack” game?A.His friends arent willing to pay for the meal voluntarily .B.B. He wants to do some funny things with those phonesC.He has been fed up with digital devices being present everywhereD.The wearable devices have brought threats to his privacy .64.Why is it difficulty for people to break away from their digital device at home ?A. Because they have to do some work at homeB. Because they are expected to be always available to the outsideC. Because people have been addicted to digital devices.D. Because digital devices can enrich peoples family life.65. What does Peter Som do to ensure his sleeping quality at night ?A. He puts his phone in the living room .B. He ignores any information in the phoneC. He deletes all information in his phoneD. He puts his phones in a lockbox66. Why does the phone-stack game become popular as soon as it is posted online?A. The game helps create a harmonious relationship among friends.B. The game makes the host get along well with the guestC. The game can prevent children from imitating their parents behaviorD. The game meets peoples demand for keeping away from phones easily“Any apple today ?”, Effie asked cheerfully at my window ,. I followed her to he r truck and bought a kilo . On credit , of course . Cash was the one thing in the world I lacked just them . All pretense （借口）of payment was drooped when our funds , food and fuel decreased to alarming lows. Effie came often , always bringing some gift: a jar of peaches or some firewood . There were other generosities.___________ Effie was not a rich woman . Her income , derived from investment she had made while running an interior decorating shop , had never exceeded $200 a month , which she supplemented by selling her apples .But she always managed to help someone poorer . Years passed before I was able to return the money Effie had given me from time to time . She was ill now and had aged rapidly in the last year .” Here , darling , “ I said , “ is what I owe you ,” _____________” Give it back as I gave it to you -----a little at a time.” “ I think she believed there was magic in the slow discharge of a love debt. The simple fact is that I never repaid the whole amount to Effie , for she died a few weeks later . By now , the few dollars Effie gave me have been multiplied many times . But a curious thing began to happen . ___________At that time , itseemed that my debt would forever go unsettled . So the account can never be marked closed , for Effies love will go on in hearts that have never known her .IV. Summary Writing Directions:Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Chaco Great House As early as the twelfth century A.D., the settlements of Chaco Canyon in New Mexico in the American Southwest were notable for their "great houses," massive stone buildings that contain hundreds of rooms and often stand three or four stories high. Archaeologists have been trying to determine how the buildings were used. While there is still no universally agreed upon explanation, there are three competing theories.One theory holds that the Chaco structures were purely residential, with each housing hundreds of people. Supporters of this theory have interpreted Chaco great houses as earlier versions of the architecture seen in more recent Southwest societies. In particular, the Chaco houses appear strikingly similar to the large, well-known "apartment buildings" at Taos, New Mexico, in which many people have been living for centuries.A second theory contends that the Chaco structures were usedto store food supplies. One of the main crops of the Chaco people was grain maize, which could be stored for long periods of time without spoiling and could serve as a long-lasting supply of food. The supplies of maize had to be stored somewhere, and the size of the great houses would make them very suitable for the purpose.A third theory proposes that houses were used as ceremonial centers. Close to one house, called Pueblo Alto, archaeologists identified an enormous mound formed by a pile of old material. Excavations of the mound revealed deposits containing a surprisingly large number of broken pots. This finding has been interpreted as evidence that people gathered at Pueblo Alto for special ceremonies. At the ceremonies, they ate festive meals and then discarded the pots in which the meals had been prepared or served. Such ceremonies have been documented for other Native American cultures.V. Translation Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72. 想和我一起看电影的人请举手。
2017年上海市普陀区高考数学二模试卷含详解
2017年上海市普陀区高考数学二模试卷一、填空题（共12小题，每小题4分，满分54分）1．（4分）计算：（1+）3=．2．（4分）函数f（x）=log2（1﹣）的定义域为．3．（4分）若＜α＜π，sinα=，则tan=．4．（4分）若复数z=（1+i）•i2（i表示虚数单位），则=．5．（4分）曲线C：（θ为参数）的两个顶点之间的距离为．6．（4分）若从一副52张的扑克牌中随机抽取2张，则在放回抽取的情形下，两张牌都是K的概率为（结果用最简分数表示）．7．（5分）若关于x 的方程sinx+cosx﹣m=0在区间[0，]上有解，则实数m 的取值范围是．8．（5分）若一个圆锥的母线与底面所成的角为，体积为125π，则此圆锥的高为．9．（5分）若函数f（x）=log22x﹣log2x+1（x≥2）的反函数为f﹣1（x）．则f﹣1（3）=．10．（5分）若三棱锥S﹣ABC的所有的顶点都在球O的球面上．SA⊥平面ABC．SA=AB=2，AC=4，∠BAC=，则球O的表面积为．11．（5分）设a＜0，若不等式sin2x+（a﹣1）cosx+a2﹣1≥0对于任意的x∈R恒成立，则a的取值范围是．12．（5分）在△ABC中，D、E分别是AB，AC的中点，M是直线DE上的动点，若△ABC的面积为1，则•+2的最小值为．二、选择题（共4小题，每小题5分，满分20分）13．（5分）动点P在抛物线y=2x2+1上移动，若P与点Q（0，﹣1）连线的中点为M，则动点M的轨迹方程为（）A．y=2x2B．y=4x2C．y=6x2D．y=8x2 14．（5分）若α、β∈R，则“α≠β”是“tanα≠tanβ”成立的（）A．充分非必要条件B．必要非充分条件C．充要条件D．既非充分也非必要条件15．（5分）设l、m是不同的直线，α、β是不同的平面，下列命题中的真命题为（）A．若l∥α，m⊥β，l⊥m，则α⊥βB．若l∥α，m⊥β，l⊥m，则α∥βC．若l∥α，m⊥β，l∥m，则α⊥βD．若l∥α，m⊥β，l∥m，则α∥β16．（5分）关于函数y=sin2x的判断，正确的是（）A．最小正周期为2π，值域为[﹣1，1]，在区间[﹣，]上是单调减函数B．最小正周期为π，值域为[﹣1，1]，在区间[0，]上是单调减函数C．最小正周期为π，值域为[0，1]，在区间[0，]上是单调增函数D．最小正周期为2π，值域为[0，1]，在区间[﹣，]上是单调增函数三、解答题（共5小题，满分76分）17．（14分）在正方体ABCD﹣A1B1C1D1中，E、F分别是BC、A1D1的中点．（1）求证：四边形B1EDF是菱形；（2）求异面直线A1C与DE所成的角（结果用反三角函数表示）．18．（14分）已知函数f（x）=asinx+bcosx（a，b为常数且a≠0，x∈R）．当x=时，f（x）取得最大值．（1）计算f（）的值；（2）设g（x）=f（﹣x），判断函数g（x）的奇偶性，并说明理由．19．（14分）某人上午7时乘船出发，以匀速v海里/小时（4≤v≤20）从A港前往相距50海里的B地，然后乘汽车以匀速ω千米/小时（30≤ω≤100）自B港前往相距300千米的C市，计划当天下午4到9时到达C市．设乘船和汽车的所要的时间分别为x、y小时，如果所需要的经费P=100+3（5﹣x）+（8﹣y）（单位：元）（1）试用含有v、ω的代数式表示P；（2）要使得所需经费P最少，求x和y的值，并求出此时的费用．20．（16分）已知椭圆T：+=1，直线l经过点P（m，0）与T相交于A、B 两点．（1）若C（0，﹣）且|PC|=2，求证：P必为Γ的焦点；（2）设m＞0，若点D在Γ上，且|PD|的最大值为3，求m的值；（3）设O为坐标原点，若m=，直线l的一个法向量为=（1，k），求△AOB 面积的最大值．21．（18分）已知数列{a n}（n∈N*），若{a n+a n+1}为等比数列，则称{a n}具有性质P．（1）若数列{a n}具有性质P，且a1=a2=1，a3=3，求a4、a5的值；（2）若b n=2n+（﹣1）n，求证：数列{b n}具有性质P；（3）设c1+c2+…+c n=n2+n，数列{d n}具有性质P，其中d1=1，d3﹣d2=c1，d2+d3=c2，若d n＞102，求正整数n的取值范围．2017年上海市普陀区高考数学二模试卷参考答案与试题解析一、填空题（共12小题，每小题4分，满分54分）1．（4分）计算：（1+）3=1．【考点】6F：极限及其运算．【专题】11：计算题；52：导数的概念及应用．【分析】根据题意，对（1+）3变形可得（1+）3=（+++1），由极限的意义计算可得答案．【解答】解：根据题意，（1+）3==（+++1）=1，即（1+）3=1；故答案为：1．【点评】本题考查极限的计算，需要牢记常见的极限的化简方法．2．（4分）函数f（x）=log2（1﹣）的定义域为（﹣∞，0）∪（1，+∞）．【考点】33：函数的定义域及其求法．【专题】51：函数的性质及应用．【分析】根据对数函数的性质得到关于x的不等式，解出即可．【解答】解：由题意得：1﹣＞0，解得：x＞1或x＜0，故答案为：（﹣∞，0）∪（1，+∞）．【点评】本题考查了函数的定义域问题，考查对数函数的性质，是一道基础题．3．（4分）若＜α＜π，sinα=，则tan=3．【考点】GW：半角的三角函数．【专题】35：转化思想；49：综合法；56：三角函数的求值．【分析】利用同角三角函数的基本关系求得cosx的值，再利用半角公式求得tan的值．【解答】解：若＜α＜π，sinα=，则cosα=﹣=﹣，∴tan==3，故答案为：3．【点评】本题主要考查同角三角函数的基本关系，半角公式的应用，属于基础题．4．（4分）若复数z=（1+i）•i2（i表示虚数单位），则=﹣1+i．【考点】A5：复数的运算．【专题】11：计算题；35：转化思想；4O：定义法；5N：数系的扩充和复数．【分析】先化简，再根据共轭复数的定义即可求出【解答】解：z=（1+i）•i2=﹣1﹣i，∴=﹣1+i，故答案为：﹣1+i．【点评】本题考查复数代数形式的乘除运算以及共轭复数，是基础的计算题．5．（4分）曲线C：（θ为参数）的两个顶点之间的距离为2．【考点】QH：参数方程化成普通方程．【专题】11：计算题；34：方程思想；5S：坐标系和参数方程．【分析】根据题意，将曲线的参数方程变形为普通方程，分析可得曲线C为双曲线，且两个顶点的坐标为（±1，0），由两点间距离公式计算可得答案．【解答】解：曲线C：，其普通方程为x2﹣y2=1，则曲线C为双曲线，且两个顶点的坐标为（±1，0），则则两个顶点之间的距离为2；故答案为：2．【点评】本题考查参数方程与普通方程的互化，涉及双曲线的几何性质，关键是将曲线的参数方程化为普通方程．6．（4分）若从一副52张的扑克牌中随机抽取2张，则在放回抽取的情形下，两张牌都是K的概率为（结果用最简分数表示）．【考点】CB：古典概型及其概率计算公式．【专题】11：计算题；34：方程思想；4O：定义法；5I：概率与统计．【分析】先求出基本事件总数n=52×52，再求出两张牌都是K包含的基本事件个数m=4×4，由此能求出两张牌都是K的概率．【解答】解：从一副52张的扑克牌中随机抽取2张，在放回抽取的情形下，基本事件总数n=52×52，两张牌都是K包含的基本事件个数m=4×4，∴两张牌都是K的概率为p===．故答案为：．【点评】本题考查概率的求法，考查古典概型及应用，考查推理论证能力、运算求解能力，考查函数与方程思想、化归转化思想，是基础题．7．（5分）若关于x 的方程sinx+cosx﹣m=0在区间[0，]上有解，则实数m 的取值范围是[1，] ．【考点】GF：三角函数的恒等变换及化简求值．【专题】33：函数思想；4R：转化法．【分析】由题意，关于x 的方程sinx+cosx﹣m=0在区间[0，]上有解，转化为函数y=sin（x+）与函数y=m的图象有交点问题．【解答】解：由题意，sinx+cosx﹣m=0，转化为：sinx+cosx=m，设函数y=sin （x+）x∈[0，]上，则x+∈[，]∴sin（x+）∈[]∴函数y=sin（x+）的值域为[1，]关于x 的方程sinx+cosx﹣m=0在区间[0，]上有解，则函数y=m的值域为[1，]，即m∈[1，]故答案为：[1，]．【点评】本题考查了方程有解问题转化为两个函数的交点的问题．属于基础题．8．（5分）若一个圆锥的母线与底面所成的角为，体积为125π，则此圆锥的高为5．【考点】L5：旋转体（圆柱、圆锥、圆台）．【专题】15：综合题；34：方程思想；4G：演绎法；5F：空间位置关系与距离．【分析】设圆锥的高为h，则底面圆的半径为h，利用体积为125π，建立方程，即可求出此圆锥的高．【解答】解：设圆锥的高为h，则底面圆的半径为h，∵体积为125π，∴=125π，∴h=5．故答案为：5．【点评】本题考查圆锥体积的计算，考查方程思想，比较基础．9．（5分）若函数f（x）=log22x﹣log2x+1（x≥2）的反函数为f﹣1（x）．则f﹣1（3）=4．【考点】4R：反函数．【专题】15：综合题；35：转化思想；4G：演绎法；51：函数的性质及应用．【分析】由题意，log22x﹣log2x+1=3，根据x≥2，即可得出结论．【解答】解：由题意，log22x﹣log2x+1=3，∵x≥2，∴x=4，故答案为4．【点评】本题考查对数方程，考查反函数的概念，正确转化是关键．10．（5分）若三棱锥S﹣ABC的所有的顶点都在球O的球面上．SA⊥平面ABC．SA=AB=2，AC=4，∠BAC=，则球O的表面积为20π．【考点】LG：球的体积和表面积．【专题】11：计算题；35：转化思想；49：综合法；5F：空间位置关系与距离．【分析】由余弦定理求出BC=2，利用正弦定理得∠ABC=90°．从而△ABC截球O所得的圆O′的半径r=AC=2，进而能求出球O的半径R，由此能求出球O 的表面积．【解答】解：如图，三棱锥S﹣ABC的所有顶点都在球O的球面上，∵SA⊥平面ABC．SA=AB=2，AC=4，∠BAC=，∴BC==2，∴AC2=BC2+AB2，∴∠ABC=90°．∴△ABC截球O所得的圆O′的半径r=AC=2，∴球O的半径R==，∴球O的表面积S=4πR2=20π．故答案为：20π．【点评】本题考查三棱锥、球、勾股定理等基础知识，考查抽象概括能力、数据处理能力、运算求解能力，考查应用意识、创新意识，考查化归与转化思想、分类与整合思想、数形结合思想，是中档题．11．（5分）设a＜0，若不等式sin2x+（a﹣1）cosx+a2﹣1≥0对于任意的x∈R恒成立，则a的取值范围是a≤﹣2．【考点】3R：函数恒成立问题．【专题】35：转化思想；4R：转化法；51：函数的性质及应用．【分析】不等式进行等价转化为关于cosx的一元二次不等式，利用二次函数的性质和图象列不等式组求得答案．【解答】解；不等式等价于1﹣cos2x+acosx+a2﹣1﹣cosx≥0，恒成立，整理得﹣cos2x+（a﹣1）cosx+a2≥0，设cosx=t，则﹣1≤t≤1，g（t）=﹣t2+（a﹣1）t+a2，要使不等式恒成立需：求得a≥1或a≤﹣2，而a＜0故答案为：a ≤﹣2．【点评】本题主要考查了一元二次不等式的解法，二次函数的性质．注重了对数形结合思想的运用和问题的分析．12．（5分）在△ABC 中，D 、E 分别是AB ，AC 的中点，M 是直线DE 上的动点，若△ABC 的面积为1，则•+2的最小值为 ．【考点】9O ：平面向量数量积的性质及其运算．【专题】35：转化思想；41：向量法；5A ：平面向量及应用．【分析】由三角形的面积公式，S △ABC =2S △MBC ，则S △MBC =，根据三角形的面积公式及向量的数量积，利用余弦定理，即可求得则•+2，利用导数求得函数的单调性，即可求得则•+2的最小值； 方法二：利用辅助角公式及正弦函数的性质，即可求得•+2的最小值．【解答】解：∵D 、E 是AB 、AC 的中点，∴A 到BC 的距离=点A 到BC 的距离的一半， ∴S △ABC =2S △MBC ，而△ABC 的面积1，则△MBC 的面积S △MBC =，S △MBC =丨MB 丨×丨MC 丨sin ∠BMC=，∴丨MB 丨×丨MC 丨=． ∴•=丨MB 丨×丨MC 丨cos ∠BMC=． 由余弦定理，丨BC 丨2=丨BM 丨2+丨CM 丨2﹣2丨BM 丨×丨CM 丨cos ∠BMC ， 显然，BM 、CM 都是正数，∴丨BM 丨2+丨CM 丨2≥2丨BM 丨×丨CM 丨，∴丨BC 丨2=丨BM 丨2+丨CM 丨2﹣2丨BM 丨×丨CM 丨cos ∠BMC=2×﹣2×．．∴•+2≥+2×﹣2×=，方法一：令y=，则y′=，令y′=0，则cos∠BMC=，此时函数在（0，）上单调减，在（，1）上单调增，∴cos∠BMC=时，取得最小值为，•+2的最小值是，方法二：令y=，则ysin∠BMC+cos∠BMC=2，则sin（∠BMC+α）=2，tanα=，则sin（∠BMC+α）=≤1，解得：y≥，•+2的最小值是，故答案为：．【点评】本题考查了向量的线性运算、数量积运算、辅助角公式，余弦定理，考查了推理能力与计算能力，属于中档题．二、选择题（共4小题，每小题5分，满分20分）13．（5分）动点P在抛物线y=2x2+1上移动，若P与点Q（0，﹣1）连线的中点为M，则动点M的轨迹方程为（）A．y=2x2B．y=4x2C．y=6x2D．y=8x2【考点】J3：轨迹方程．【专题】15：综合题；35：转化思想；4G：演绎法；5D：圆锥曲线的定义、性质与方程．【分析】先设PQ中点为（x，y），进而根据中点的定义可求出M点的坐标，然后代入到曲线方程中得到轨迹方程．【解答】解：设PQ中点为M（x，y），则P（2x，2y+1）在抛物线y=2x2+1上，即2（2x）2=（2y+1）﹣1，∴y=4x2．故选：B．【点评】本题主要考查轨迹方程的求法，考查运算求解能力，考查数形结合思想、化归与转化思想．属于基础题．14．（5分）若α、β∈R，则“α≠β”是“tanα≠tanβ”成立的（）A．充分非必要条件B．必要非充分条件C．充要条件D．既非充分也非必要条件【考点】29：充分条件、必要条件、充要条件．【专题】38：对应思想；4R：转化法；5L：简易逻辑．【分析】根据正切函数的性质以及充分必要条件的定义判断即可．【解答】解：若“α≠β”，则“tanα≠tanβ”不成立，不是充分条件，反之也不成立，比如α=，β=，故选：D．【点评】本题考查了充分必要条件，考查正切函数的性质，是一道基础题．15．（5分）设l、m是不同的直线，α、β是不同的平面，下列命题中的真命题为（）A．若l∥α，m⊥β，l⊥m，则α⊥βB．若l∥α，m⊥β，l⊥m，则α∥βC．若l∥α，m⊥β，l∥m，则α⊥βD．若l∥α，m⊥β，l∥m，则α∥β【考点】LP：空间中直线与平面之间的位置关系．【专题】11：计算题；35：转化思想；4R：转化法；5F：空间位置关系与距离．【分析】在A中，α与β相交或平行；在B中，α与β相交或平行；在C中，由面面垂直的判定定理得α⊥β；在D中，由面面垂直的判定定理得α⊥β．【解答】解：由l、m是不同的直线，α、β是不同的平面，知：在A中，若l∥α，m⊥β，l⊥m，则α与β相交或平行，故A错误；在B中，若l∥α，m⊥β，l⊥m，则α与β相交或平行，故B错误；在C中，若l∥α，m⊥β，l∥m，则由面面垂直的判定定理得α⊥β，故C正确；在D中，若l∥α，m⊥β，l∥m，则由面面垂直的判定定理得α⊥β，故D错误．故选：C．【点评】本题考查命题真假的判断，考查空间中线线、线面、面面间的位置关系的应用，考查推理论证能力、运算求解能力、空间思维能力，考查化归转化思想、数形结合思想，是中档题．16．（5分）关于函数y=sin2x的判断，正确的是（）A．最小正周期为2π，值域为[﹣1，1]，在区间[﹣，]上是单调减函数B．最小正周期为π，值域为[﹣1，1]，在区间[0，]上是单调减函数C．最小正周期为π，值域为[0，1]，在区间[0，]上是单调增函数D．最小正周期为2π，值域为[0，1]，在区间[﹣，]上是单调增函数【考点】GS：二倍角的三角函数；H7：余弦函数的图象．【专题】15：综合题；35：转化思想；4O：定义法；57：三角函数的图像与性质．【分析】先化简函数，再利用余弦函数的图象与性质，即可得出结论．【解答】解：y=sin2x=（1﹣os2x）=﹣cos2x+∴函数的最小正周期为π，值域为[0，1]，在区间[0，]上是单调增函数，故选：C．【点评】本题考查三角函数的化简，考查余弦函数的图象与性质，属于中档题．三、解答题（共5小题，满分76分）17．（14分）在正方体ABCD﹣A1B1C1D1中，E、F分别是BC、A1D1的中点．（1）求证：四边形B1EDF是菱形；（2）求异面直线A1C与DE所成的角（结果用反三角函数表示）．【考点】LM：异面直线及其所成的角．【专题】15：综合题；35：转化思想；44：数形结合法；5G：空间角．【分析】（1）由题意画出图形，取AD中点G，连接FG，BG，可证四边形B1BGF 为平行四边形，得BG∥B1F，再由ABCD﹣A1B1C1D1为正方体，且E，G分别为BC，AD的中点，可得BEDG为平行四边形，得BG∥DE，BG=DE，从而得到B1F∥DE，且B1F=DE，进一步得到四边形B1EDF为平行四边形，再由△B1BE≌△B1A1F，可得B1E=B1F，得到四边形B1EDF是菱形；（2）以A为原点建立如图所示空间直角坐标系，然后利用空间向量求异面直线A1C与DE所成的角．【解答】（1）证明：取AD中点G，连接FG，BG，可得B1B∥FG，B1B=FG，∴四边形B1BGF为平行四边形，则BG∥B1F，由ABCD﹣A1B1C1D1为正方体，且E，G分别为BC，AD的中点，可得BEDG为平行四边形，∴BG∥DE，BG=DE，则B1F∥DE，且B1F=DE，∴四边形B1EDF为平行四边形，由△B1BE≌△B1A1F，可得B1E=B1F，∴四边形B1EDF是菱形；（2）解：以A为原点建立如图所示空间直角坐标系，设正方体的棱长为1，则A1（0，0，1），C（1，1，0），D（0，1，0），E（1，，0），∴，，∴cos＜＞==．∴异面直线A1C与DE所成的角为arccos．【点评】本题考查空间中直线与直线的位置关系，考查空间想象能力和思维能力，训练了利用空间向量求异面直线所成角，是中档题．18．（14分）已知函数f（x）=asinx+bcosx（a，b为常数且a≠0，x∈R）．当x=时，f（x）取得最大值．（1）计算f（）的值；（2）设g（x）=f（﹣x），判断函数g（x）的奇偶性，并说明理由．【考点】3K：函数奇偶性的性质与判断；GF：三角函数的恒等变换及化简求值．【专题】11：计算题；35：转化思想；49：综合法；56：三角函数的求值．【分析】首先，根据已知得到f（x）=sin（x+θ），然后根据最值建立等式，得到a=b，再化简函数f（x）=asin（x+），（1）将代入解析式求值；（2）求出g（x）解析式，利用奇偶函数定义判断奇偶性．【解答】解：由已知得到f（x）=sin（x+θ），又x=时，f（x）取得最大值．所以a=b，f（x）=asin（x+），所以（1）f（）=asin（3π）=0；（2）g（x）为偶函数．理由：设g（x）=f（﹣x）=asin（﹣x）=acosx，所以函数g（﹣x）=g（x），为偶函数．【点评】本题考查了三角函数的性质以及奇偶性的判定；属于基础题．19．（14分）某人上午7时乘船出发，以匀速v海里/小时（4≤v≤20）从A港前往相距50海里的B地，然后乘汽车以匀速ω千米/小时（30≤ω≤100）自B港前往相距300千米的C市，计划当天下午4到9时到达C市．设乘船和汽车的所要的时间分别为x、y小时，如果所需要的经费P=100+3（5﹣x）+（8﹣y）（单位：元）（1）试用含有v、ω的代数式表示P；（2）要使得所需经费P最少，求x和y的值，并求出此时的费用．【考点】36：函数解析式的求解及常用方法；5C：根据实际问题选择函数类型．【专题】11：计算题；35：转化思想；44：数形结合法；59：不等式的解法及应用．【分析】（1）分析题意，找出相关量之间的不等关系，（2）求出x，y满足的约束条件，由约束条件画出可行域，要求走得最经济，即求可行域中的最优解，将目标函数看成是一条直线，分析目标函数p与直线截距的关系，进而求出最优．【解答】解：（1）由题意得：x=，4≤v≤20，y=，30≤ω≤100，∴P=100+3（5﹣）+（8﹣）=123﹣﹣，其中，4≤v≤20，30≤ω≤100，（2）由（1）可得2.5≤x≤12.5，3≤y≤10，①由于汽车、乘船所需的时间和应在9至14小时之间，∴9≤x+y≤14 ②因此满足①②的点（x，y）的存在范围是图中阴影部分目标函数p=100+3（5﹣x）+（8﹣y）=123﹣3x﹣y，当x=11，y=3时，p 最小，此时，p=123﹣33﹣3=87【点评】本题考查不等式关系的建立，考查线性规划知识，考查学生分析解决问题的能力，属于中档题．20．（16分）已知椭圆T：+=1，直线l经过点P（m，0）与T相交于A、B两点．（1）若C（0，﹣）且|PC|=2，求证：P必为Γ的焦点；（2）设m＞0，若点D在Γ上，且|PD|的最大值为3，求m的值；（3）设O为坐标原点，若m=，直线l的一个法向量为=（1，k），求△AOB 面积的最大值．【考点】K4：椭圆的性质．【专题】35：转化思想；4R：转化法；5D：圆锥曲线的定义、性质与方程．【分析】（1）利用两点之间距离公式，即可求得m的值，由椭圆的方程，即可求得焦点坐标，即可求证P必为Γ的焦点；（2）利用两点之间的距离公式，根据二次函数的单调性，当x0=﹣2时，取最大值，代入即可求得m的值；（3）求得直线AB的方程，代入方程，由韦达定理，弦长公式及点到直线的距离公式，利用基本不等式的性质，即可求得△AOB面积的最大值．【解答】解：（1）证明：由椭圆焦点F（±1，0），由|PC|==2，解得：m=±1，∴P点坐标为（±1，0），∴P必为Γ的焦点；（2）设D（x0，y0），y02=3（1﹣），|PD|2=（x0﹣m）2+y02=﹣2mx0+m2+3，﹣2≤x0≤2，有函数的对称轴x0=4m＞0，则当x0=﹣2时，取最大值，则|PD|2=1+4m+m2+3=9，m2+4m﹣5=0，解得：m=1或m=﹣5（舍去），∴m的值1；（3）直线l的一个法向量为=（1，k），则直线l的斜率﹣，则直线l方程：y﹣0=﹣（x﹣），整理得：ky+x﹣=0，设A（x1，y1），B（x2，y2），，整理得：（3k2+4）y2﹣6ky﹣3=0，则y1+y2=，y1y2=﹣，丨AB丨=•=，则O到直线AB的距离d=，则△AOB面积S=×丨AB丨×d=××==≤=，当且仅当=，即k2=，取等号，∴△AOB面积的最大值．【点评】本题考查椭圆的简单几何性质，直线与椭圆的位置关系，考查韦达定理，弦长公式，基本不等式的性质，考查计算能力，属于中档题．21．（18分）已知数列{a n}（n∈N*），若{a n+a n+1}为等比数列，则称{a n}具有性质P．（1）若数列{a n}具有性质P，且a1=a2=1，a3=3，求a4、a5的值；（2）若b n=2n+（﹣1）n，求证：数列{b n}具有性质P；（3）设c1+c2+…+c n=n2+n，数列{d n}具有性质P，其中d1=1，d3﹣d2=c1，d2+d3=c2，若d n＞102，求正整数n的取值范围．【考点】8B：数列的应用．【专题】15：综合题；35：转化思想；4G：演绎法；54：等差数列与等比数列．【分析】（1）{a n+a n+1}为等比数列，由a1=a2=1，a3=3，可得{a n+a n+1}的公比为2，可得a n+a n+1=2n，进而得出a4、a5的值；（2）证明{b n+b n+1}是以公比为2的等比数列，即可得出结论；（3）求出d n+d n+1=2n，利用d n＞102，求正整数n的取值范围．【解答】解：（1）{a n+a n+1}为等比数列，∵a1=a2=1，a3=3，∴a1+a2=1+1=2，a2+a3=1+3=4，∴{a n+a n+1}的公比为2，∴a n+a n+1=2n，∴a3+a4=23=8，即a4=5，∴a4+a5=24=16，即a5=11；（2）∵b n=2n+（﹣1）n，∴b n+b n+1=2n+（﹣1）n+2n+1+（﹣1）n+1=3•2n，∴{b n+b n+1}是以公比为2的等比数列，∴数列{b n}具有性质P．（3）∵c1+c2+…+c n=n2+n，∴c1+c2+…+c n﹣1=（n﹣1）2+n﹣1，∴c n=2n，∵d1=1，d3﹣d2=c1=2，d2+d3=c2=4，∴d2=1，d3=3，∵数列{d n}具有性质P，由（1）可得，d n+d n+1=2n，∴d4=5，d5=11，d6=21，d7=43，d8=85，d9=171，∵d n＞102，∴正整数n的取值范围是[9，+∞）．【点评】本题考查新定义，考查等比数列的运用，考查学生分析解决问题的能力，属于中档题．。
2017届上海市普陀区高三下学期质量调研(二模)考试生物试题及答案
2017学年第二学期普陀区高三质量调研生命科学试卷说明：考试时间120分钟，满分150分，请将所有答案写在答题纸上一、选择题（每题只有一个最适答案，共60分）1．微生物的种类繁多，下列微生物中属于原核生物的是（）①衣藻②蓝藻③根霉④大肠杆菌⑤乳酸杆菌A．①②④ B．②③④c．③④⑤ D．②④⑤2．下列有关细胞器的说法正确的是（）A．核糖体是噬菌体、细菌、酵母菌唯一共有的细胞器B．线粒体是有氧呼吸的主要场所，在其中生成的产物有丙酮酸、二氧化碳和水C．洋葱鳞茎外表皮细胞中，具有双层膜的细胞器能利用光能合成糖类D．在机体免疫反应中，浆细胞内高尔基体活动会加强3．下列食物营养成分与鉴定试剂及显色反应之间的对应关系中，错误的是（）A．淀粉：碘液，蓝紫色 B．还原性糖：班氏试剂，红黄色C．脂肪：苏丹III染液，橘红色 D．蛋白质：双缩脲试剂，黄绿色4．下图甲表示四种不同的物质在一个动物细胞内外的相对浓度差异，其中通过图乙所示的过程来维持细胞内外浓度差异的物质是（）A．阳离子A B．阳离子B C．胰岛素 D．CO25. 某植物叶片不同部位的颜色不同，将该植物在黑暗中放置48 h 后，用锡箔纸遮蔽叶片两面，如图所示。
在日光下照光一段时间，去除锡箔纸，用碘染色法处理叶片，观察到叶片有的部位出现蓝色，有的没有出现蓝色。
其中，能出现蓝色的部位是( )A．a、b和dB．b、d和fC．b、d和cD．a、b和f6．现脱掉某60肽中的2个丙氨酸（相应位置如下图），得到几种不同的有机产物，其中脱下的氨基酸均以游离态存在。
下列有关该过程产生的全部有机物中相关原子、基团或肽键数目的叙述正确的是（）A．肽键数目减少2个 B．氢原子数目增加4个C．氧原子数目增加2个D．氨基和羧基分别增加4个7．右图显示了人体内能源物质的代谢途径，大写字母代表物质，其中物质Z直接参与了过程①，下列叙述不正确的是（）A．Y是丙酮酸 B．Q 是脂肪酸C．P是甘油D．过程①表示二羧酸循环8．给健康大鼠静脉注射大量的低渗食盐水后，下列变化合理的是（）A．细胞外液渗透压升高 B．大鼠的排尿量增加C．肾小管重吸收水能力增强 D．胰岛B细胞分泌胰岛素增加9．下列是外界环境因素对某植物的光合作用强度和呼吸作用强度影响的相关曲线图，据图分析错误的是（）A．图1中影响A点上下移动的主要外界因素是光照强度B．图2的数据需在适宜温度条件下测量，D点以后只进行有氧呼吸C．若图3中的温度始终处于37．5℃的恒温，每天日照12h，植物体干重将减少D．棚栽时为提高产量，光照强度应控制在C点对应的光照强度，温度在25℃左右最佳10．某实验室用两种方法进行酵母菌发酵葡萄糖生产酒精。
普陀区2017学年第二学期高三质量调研物理试卷(二模)
普陀区2017学年第二学期高三质量调研物理试卷一、选择题（共40分。
第1-8小题，每小题3分，第9-12小题，每小题4分。
每小题只有一个正确答案。
）1、由核反应产生，且属于电磁波的射线是（）（A）α射线（B）γ射线（C）X射线（D）阴极射线2、一颗恒星的寿命取决于它的（）（A）温度（B）颜色（C）质量（D）体积3、白光通过双缝后产生的干涉条纹是彩色的，其原因是不同色光的（）（A）频率不同（B）强度不同（C）振动方向不同（D）传播速度不同4、关于布朗运动，下列说法中正确的是（）（A）液体分子的无规则运动就是布朗运动（B）布朗运动的激烈程度跟温度无关（C）布朗运动是悬浮在液体中的固体颗粒不断地受到液体分子的撞击而引起的（D）悬浮在液体中固体颗粒越大，在某一瞬时撞击它的分子数越多，布朗运动越明显5、某教室墙上有一朝南的钢窗，当把钢窗左侧向外推开时，下列说法正确的是（）（A）穿过窗户的地磁场的磁通量变大（B）穿过窗户的地磁场的磁通量不变（C）从推窗人的角度看，窗框中的感应电流方向是逆时针（D）从推窗人的角度看，窗框中的感应电流方向是顺时针6、如图，倾斜的天花板上有一物块，该物块在竖直向上的恒力F作用下恰好能沿天花板匀速上升，下列说法中正确的是（）（A）物块一定受两个力的作用（B）物块一定受三个力的作用（C）物块可能受三个力的作用（D）物块可能受四个力的作用7、如图，在点电荷产生的电场中，实线MN是一条方向未标出的电场线，虚线AB是一个电子只在静电力作用下的运动轨迹。
下列说法正确的是（）（A）电子一定从A向B运动（B）A点电势高于B点电势（C）电子在A点的电势能大于它在B点的电势能（D）电子在A点的加速度大于它在B点的加速度8、如图，弹性轻绳的一端套在手指上，另一端与弹力球连接，用手将弹力球以某一竖直向下的初速度抛出，抛出后手保持不动。
从球抛出瞬间至球第一次到达最低点的过程中（弹性轻绳始终在弹性限度内，不计空气阻力），下列说法正确的是（）（A）绳刚伸直时，球的速度最大（B）该过程中，球的加速度一直减小（C）该过程中，重力对球做的功大于球克服绳的拉力做的功（D）在最低点时，球、绳和地球组成的系统势能最大9、甲、乙两同学们利用反应尺估测反应时间。
2017届上海市普陀区高三下学期4月二模生物试题及答案
2017学年第二学期普陀区高三质量调研生命科学试卷说明：考试时间120分钟，满分150分，请将所有答案写在答题纸上。
一、选择题（每题只有一个最适答案，共60分）1、下列古诗与生物学原理不符的是（）2、科学家尝试用35S标记一定量的氨基酸，来培养该哺乳动物的乳腺细胞。
则实验期间该乳腺细胞分泌的四种物质中，没有放射性的物质是（）A.乳蛋白B. 乳脂C.抗体D. 免疫球蛋白3、下图①～⑥表示不同化学元素所组成的化合物，以下说法不正确的是( )A．若②是细胞膜的脂质成分，则不具有物种的特异性B．若图中⑤为过氧化氢酶，则①经脱水缩合形成⑤的过程主要发生在核糖体上C．若②为多聚体，且能贮存生物的遗传信息，则②一定是DNAD. 若④主要在人体肝脏和肌肉内合成，则④最可能是糖原4、下图表示整体与部分的关系，甲图中Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ与乙图有对应关系。
下列叙述错误的是（）A.若Ⅰ为高等动物的内环境，并且有Ⅱ→Ⅲ→Ⅳ的关系，则Ⅱ是血浆，Ⅳ是组织液B.若Ⅰ代表有氧呼吸的三个阶段，Ⅲ为第一阶段，此阶段在真核细胞中发生的场所是细胞质基质C.若Ⅰ为可遗传变异，Ⅳ能产生新的基因，则Ⅳ是基因突变D.若Ⅰ为光反应产物，Ⅱ是O2,Ⅲ是ATP，则Ⅳ是NADPH5、下图表示生物技术之间的关系。
图中a表示基因工程，b 表示发酵工程，e表示克隆技术，则c和d可分别表示( )A.胚胎移植和细胞培养B．细胞培养和花粉离体培养C．显微注射技术和细胞培养D．显微注射技术和花粉离体培养6、下列关于血脂和脂蛋白的说法不正确的是（）A．右图是脂蛋白的结构示意图，四种脂蛋白的主要区Array别在A部分B．编号C是磷脂，B是蛋白质，成分A是合成脂质类激素的原料C．若该脂蛋白是密度最小的脂蛋白，则其颗粒大、携带较多的甘油三酯D．血浆中胆固醇主要以LDL形式运输7、用打孔器打出6块滤纸小圆片编号C1－C6，浸在一块点样瓷板6个凹穴（C1－C6，凹穴中滴加等量相应的溶液）中一段时间，用镊子将小圆片放在同一淀粉琼脂培养基上的不同位置，37℃孵育30min，倒入碘液1min后洗去碘液，观察培养基上相应位置是否产生透明圈（不产生蓝黑色的范围），结果如下表所示，对该实验分析不正确的是( )A．该实验的目的是探究PH对绿豆淀粉酶活性的影响B．C4、C5为实验组，C1和C 2、C 3、C6均为对照组C．该实验说明绿豆淀粉酶在弱碱性环境中活性较高D．若在C4凹穴中再滴加2滴稀碳酸钠溶液后重复该实验，实验结果与C5相同8、下图为叶绿体色素的吸收光谱。
2017届上海市普陀区高三化学二模卷(含答案)
2016学年第二学期普陀区高三质量调研化学试卷考生注意：1．答题前，请将你的姓名及准考证号认真填写在试卷和答题纸上，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上。
2．本试卷共5 页，满分为100 分。
考试时间为60 分钟。
3．全卷包括两大题，第一大题为选择题，第二大题为综合题。
4．所有答案必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸的相应位置上，做在试卷上一律不得分。
相对原子质量：H—1 S—32一、选择题（本题共40分，每小题2分。
每题只有一个正确选项）1．不能用单质直接反应得到的是A．NaCl B．MgCl2C．AlCl3 D．FeCl22．关于氮肥的说法正确的是A．尿素属于铵态氮肥B．植物吸收氮肥属于氮的固定C．使用碳铵应深施盖土D．硫铵与石灰混用肥效增强3．可用铝热反应冶炼的金属是A．W B．Na C．Mg D．Hg4．可用浓硫酸干燥的气体是A．SO2B．H2S C．HBr D．NH35．只表示一种微粒的化学用语是A．B．X:X C．ns1 D．X—X6．为了检验某固体物质中是否含有NH4+，一定用不到的试剂或试纸是A．NaOH溶液B．浓盐酸C．稀硫酸D．红色石蕊试纸7．可检验FeCl3溶液中是否含FeCl2的试剂是A．KSCN溶液B．氯水C．NaOH溶液D．酸性KMnO4溶液8．分子式为C n H2n+1Cl（n>1）的卤代烃不能发生消去反应，n的最小值是A．3 B．4 C．5 D．69．能证明NaCl是离子化合物的事实是A．常温下是固体B．易溶于水C．水溶液能导电D．熔融态能导电10．短周期元素W 、Q 、X 、Y 在元素周期表中的位置如右图，其中X 是两性金属元素。
则 A ．简单离子半径：X<Q B ．气态氢化物的稳定性：Y> Q C ．X 的族序数大于周期数 D ．Y 氧化物对应水化物是强酸 11．有关漂粉精的认识错误的是A ．漂粉精的主要成分是次氯酸钙B ．漂粉精露置在空气中会失效C ．漂粉精水溶液具有漂白性D ．漂粉精杀菌效果随pH 降低而增强 12．下列图像与选项对应的是13．为了除去物质中的杂质（括号内为杂质），选用试剂正确的是14．山梨酸（CH 3-CH=CH-CH=CH-COOH ）是一种高效安全的防腐保鲜剂。
2017届上海市普陀区高三化学二模卷(含答案)
2017届上海市普陀区高三化学二模卷(含答案)2016学年第二学期普陀区高三质量调研化学试卷考生注意：1．答题前，请将你的姓名及准考证号认真填写在试卷和答题纸上，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上。
2．本试卷共5 页，满分为100 分。
考试时间为60 分钟。
3．全卷包括两大题，第一大题为选择题，第二大题为综合题。
4．所有答案必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸的相应位置上，做在试卷上一律不得分。
相对原子质量：H—1 S—32一、选择题（本题共40分，每小题2分。
每题只有一个正确选项）1．不能用单质直接反应得到的是A．NaCl B．MgCl2C．AlCl3 D．FeCl22．关于氮肥的说法正确的是A．尿素属于铵态氮肥B．植物吸收氮肥属于氮的固定C．使用碳铵应深施盖土D．硫铵与石灰混用肥效增强3．可用铝热反应冶炼的金属是A．W B．Na C．Mg D．Hg4．可用浓硫酸干燥的气体是A．SO2B．H2S C．HBr D．NH35．只表示一种微粒的化学用语是A．B．X:X C．ns1 D．X—X6．为了检验某固体物质中是否含有NH4+，一定用不到的试剂或试纸是A．NaOH溶液B．浓盐酸C．稀硫酸D．红色石蕊试纸7．可检验FeCl3溶液中是否含FeCl2的试剂是A．KSCN溶液B．氯水C．NaOH溶液D．酸性KMnO4溶液8．分子式为C n H2n+1Cl（n>1）的卤代烃不能发生消去反应，n的最小值是A．3 B．4 C．5 D．69．能证明NaCl是离子化合物的事实是A．常温下是固体B．易溶于水C．水溶液能导电D．熔融态能导电10．短周期元素W、Q、X、Y在元Array素周期表中的位置如右图，其中X是两性金属元素。
则A．简单离子半径：X<Q B．气态氢化物的稳定性：Y> QC．X的族序数大于周期数D．Y氧化物对应水化物是强酸11．有关漂粉精的认识错误的是A．漂粉精的主要成分是次氯酸钙B．漂粉精露置在空气中会失效C．漂粉精水溶液具有漂白性D．漂粉精杀菌效果随pH降低而增强12．下列图像与选项对应的是13．为了除去物质中的杂质（括号内为杂质），选用试剂正确的是Al(OH)3质量/g A ． AlCl (aq)中NaNO 3 (aq)体积/mL Al(OH)3质量/g 氨水体积 Al(OH)3质量/g C ．AlCl 3(aq)中滴CO 2体Al(OH)3质量/g D ．Al(OH)3中通入CO 214．山梨酸（CH3-CH=CH-CH=CH-COOH）是一种高效安全的防腐保鲜剂。
上海市2017普陀区高三语文二模试卷(含答案)
2017 届普陀区高三年级二模语文试卷一积累运用（10 分）1. 按题目要求填空（ 5 分）（1）生亦我所欲，所欲有甚于生者，。
《孟子》（1 分）（2）?忽魂悸以魄动，。
?出自李白的《》（2 分）（3）苏轼《水调歌头》中化用李白?青天有月来几时，我今停杯一问之?诗意的两句是? ，。
?（2 分）2. 按题目要求选择（ 5 分）（1）每年春日桃花节，小明踏青觅胜，都会给各处留影配诗，下列诗句和春季赏花场景不匹配的一项是（）。
（2 分）A.竹外桃花三两枝，春江水暖鸭先知。
B.桃花尽日随流水，洞在清溪何处边。
C.桃花一簇开无主，可爱深红爱浅红。
D.人间四月芳菲尽，山寺桃花始盛开。
（2）小明代表校学生会接待联谊学校的同学，以下开场白用语得体的一项是（）。
（3 分）A.各位同学，上午好，欢迎来到某某学校。
B.感谢各位大驾光临，希望你们多多指教。
C.大家好，我叫小明，欢迎关注我的母校。
D.很高兴认识大家，我会尽心尽力提供服务。
二阅读（70 分）（一）阅读下面的文章，完成第3——8 题。
（16 分）为什么要重新评价冯梦龙？①冯梦龙是中国文学史上具有划时代意义的大家，但_。
在明清文人眼中，他那些优秀的话本小说、传奇戏曲等俗文学作品，根奉不算文学，更不能登大雅之堂。
? 五四运动?后，冯梦龙的通俗文学受到肯定，但总体评价依然不高。
②很多人看到冯梦龙的小说中有一些忠孝节义的说教，就认为他宣扬封建思想了，这种评价方法并不合理。
巴尔扎克在政治上是保皇党，在他的小说《人间喜剧》中却表现出先进的民主主义思想。
文学不是科学，它有其特殊的表现内容——感情。
托尔斯泰在《艺术论》中说：? 艺术是交流感情的工具，艺术的主要特性是艺术家所体验过的感情。
?实际上，感情中包含着思想倾向，感情和情绪不同，例如?喜?这种情堵，可以表现为千千万万种感情：喜爱读书、喜爱赌博……两者是完全不同的感情．然而，它们都是一种情绪——?喜? 。
由此可见，情绪是共性、抽象的，但是感情离不开它的对象，是具体的。
普陀区高三英语二模试卷
2017届上海市普陀区高考二模试卷(含答案)II. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Wildlife in Decline The populations of Earths wild vertebrates (脊椎动物）have declined by 58% over the past four decades, according to the Living Planet Report 2016 published by the World Wildlife Fund. Climate change and activities such as deforestation and poaching（偷猎）are in large part (21)______(blame) for the decline. If the trend continues, by 2020, the world (22)________(lose) two-thirds of its vertebrate biodiversity. “Sadly,there is no sign yet (23)________ this rate will decrease,” the report says.“Across land, fresh water and the oceans, human activities are forcing wildlife populations to the edge," says Marco Lambertini, director-general of WWF International. The Living Planet Report is published every two years. It aims to provide an assessment of the state of the worlds wildlife. The 2016 study included 3700 different species of birds, fish, mammals, amphibians and reptiles around the world. The team collected datafrom more than 3000 sources, including government statistics and surveys (24) ______ (carry) out by conservation groups. They then analyzed (25) ______ the population sizes had changed over time. Lambertini said some groups of animals had done worse than others. ''We do see particularly strong declines (26) ______the freshwater environment. For freshwater species alone, the decline stands at 81% since 1970. This is related to the way that water (27)________(use) and taken out of freshwater systems, and also to the fragmentation（分裂）of freshwater systems through dam building, for example.”The report also highlighted other species, such as African elephants, (28) ________ nave suffered huge declinesin recent years, and sharks, which are threatened by overfishing. (29) ________ ________ ________ all the terrifying facts, however, some conservationists say there is still hope. “One of the things that I think is the most important is that these wild animals haven't yet gone extinct,” said Robin Freeman，head of the Zoological Society of L ondon. “On the whole, (30) ________ are not dying out, andthat means we still have opportunities to do something about the decline.”Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be usedonly once. Note that there is one word more than you need.My job puts me in contact with extraordinary leaders in many fields. So I tend to ____31____ a lot on leadership and how we can inspire successful teamwork, cooperation, and partnerships. In my experience, it is clear that the most successful leadersboth men and womenalways demonstrate three ____32____ traits. Trustworthiness Leaders must set an example of honesty and justice and earn the trust of their teams through their everyday actions. When you do so with positive energy and enthusiasm for ____33____ goals and purpose, you candeeply connect with your team and customers. A culture of trust enables you to empower employees and____34____ the foundation for communication, accountability, and continuous improvement.Compassion (共情) You can't forget that organizational success ____35____ from the hearts and minds of the men and women you lead. Rather than treating your people as youd like to be treated, treat them as they would like to be treated. Small gestures like choosing face-to-face meetings or sending personal ____36____ can have an enormous impact on the spirits of the teams. In addition to thanks and praise, you must also understand peoples needs, pressures, and individual goals, which will allow you to lead them more effectively and____37____ to their personal ambitions and professional development. Decisiveness In times of ____38____ employees long for clarity. As a leader, you won't always have all of the answersno one expects you toso you must be open to listening and learning from others. Once you understand a particular challenge and ____39____ the options, you have to be confident in making bold and optimistic decisions. Successful leadership demands a lifelong commitment to sharpening these three basic skills. Wherever you have the opportunity to ____40____, the qualities of trustworthiness, compassion, and decisiveness are the keys to leadership and organizational success.III Reading ComprehensionDirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Boxing is a popular sport that many people seem to be fascinated by . Newspapers , magazines and sports programme on TV frequently _____41____boxing matches . Professional boxers earn a lot of money , and successful boxers are ____42___as big heroes. It seems to me that people , especially men ,find it__43_____because it is an aggressive sport . When they watch a boxing match , they can ___44____ the winning boxer , and this gives them the feeling of being a _ 45_____ themselves . It is a fact that many people have feeling of aggression from time to time , but they cannot show their __46_____in their everyday lives . Watching a boxing match gives them an outlet for this aggression . However , there is a __47____side to boxing . It can be a very dangerous sport . Although boxers wear gloves during the fights , and amateur boxers __48____have to wear helmets , there have frequently been accident in both professional and amateur boxing , sometimes with__49______consequences . Boxers have suffered from head injuries , and occasionally , fighters have even been killed as a result of being knocked out in the___50_______. Furthermore , studies have shown that there are often long-term effects of boxing , in the form of serious brain _51______,even if a boxer has never been knocked out . I am personally not at all in __52____of aggressive sports like boxing . I think it would be better if less time was ___53____to aggressive sports on TV, and we welcomed more men and women from non-aggressive sports as our heroes and heroines in our society . I believe that the world is aggressive enough already ! Of course , people like __54_____sports , and so do I , but I think that ___55___other people in an aggressive way is not something that should be regarded as a sport.41. A. broadcast B. cover C. host D. design42.A. kept B.individual C. thought D. treated43.A. appealing B. subjective C. violent D. challenging44.A. pick up B. believe in C. identify with D. long for45. A. winner B. spectator C. inspector D. trainer46. A. ambition B. aggression C. energy D. strength47. A. positive B. indifferent C. deadly D. negative48. A. otherwise B. somehow C. even D. barely49.A. dramatic B. eye-catching C. emotional D. special50. A. court B. ring C. pitch D. yard51.A. Loss B. drain C. damage D. disorder52. A. favour B. process C. charge D. power53.A. shifted B. transformed C. given D. delivered54. A. competitive B. quiet C. cooperative D. regular55. A. invading B. insulting C. teasing D. hittingSection B Directions:Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A. B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)FrankensteinFrankenstein was a book by Mary Shelly ----its been adapted for the screen dozens of times. The story of Frankenstein is told through a series of letters written by Captain Robert Walton to his sister , as he leads an expedition （长征）to the North Pole . On the way , he meets Victor Frankenstein , who tells Walton the story of his life. Frankenstein is the surname of the guy who creates the monster . The monster doesn’t actually have a game . Anyway , Victor is a scientist who’s desperate to discover the secret of life . After years of study , he makes an enormous creature out of human remains and brings it to life . Victor intends it to be beautiful . Unfortunately , the creature turns out really hideous , and Victor runs away in terror . Although the monster is good and kind , humans are scared of it . When they mistreat it , the monster becomes angry and evil . Wanting revenge on its creator , the monster murders Dr. Frankenstein’ brother , his wife , and his best friend . When Victor figures out the monster is behind all the deaths , he swears to track it down and kill it . This book was written in 1816, right after a period called the Enlightenment . The Enlightenment emphasized the pursuit of knowledge and reason , and gave rise to the scientific method . Mary Shelley criticized the Enlightenment through the character of Victor Frankenstein , “ He is a negative example of an Enlightenment scienti st -------he pursues knowledge at any cost , and his obsession with discovering the secret of life destroys him , as well as his friends and family .” Some Enlightenment thinkers might have seen such a loss as necessary for the advancement of science , but not Mary Shelley . She and her husband , poet Percy Shelly , were part of the Romantic Movement in art and literature . Romanticism was a reaction against the Enlightenment embrace of rationality and reason . The Romantics emphasized emotion over rationality , and thought people should feel awe and terror in regard to nature . Frankenstein incorporates all these ideas. To Shelley , Frankenstein doesn’t fear and respect the world of nature enough ------she says that by tempering with nature , he brings about complete disaster . Frankenstein is not just a great Romantic novel . Its also considered one of the first major works of science fiction . It influences a whole generation of writers , and the monster has become one of the most recognizable figures in Western culture.56. Which of the following is closest in the meaning to hideous in Paragraph 1?A. UnattractiveB. EngagingC. CharmingD. Handsome57. What is Victor Frankenstein’s fatal weakness?A. His love of scienceB. His rejection of his own creationC. His lack of respect for natureD. His inability to form human relationship58.How was the Romantic era different from the Enlightenment ?A.The Romantic era emphasized emotion ; the Enlightenment emphasized reason .B. The Romantic era occurred during the 20th century ; the Enlightenment occurred during the 19th century .C.The Romantic era emphasized poetry ; the Enlightenment emphasized prose .D.The Romantic era saw major scientific discoveries ; the Enlightenment was an era of literary discovery .59. What effect did “ F rankenstein” have on later works of fiction ?A. It inspired books about the EnlightenmentB. It inspired technical writingC. It inspired books of poetryD. It inspired science-fiction writing60. If you are a 22-year-old nurse , you can apply for the railcard without ________.A. the signature of your director B $ 28 c. application form D. passport-sized photos61. The 1/3 OFF discount may not apply for the railcard holders who travel at _______.A. 11 pm on Sunday in AugustB. 7. am on Tuesday in FebruaryC. 7 am on Monday in JulyD. 11 pm on Friday in March62. Which of the following is True according to the leaflet ?A. If you railcard doesn’t have your name signed , it will be used by someone else.B. The benefits of a railcard are transferable to your friend of your age .C. If you have no ticket but have boarded a train , you will still be eligible for a discounted ticketD. If railcard holders wish to us e the Eurostar network , they must pay the full fare. The ‘ PhoneStack(堆)’GameWhenever Michael Carl , the fashion market director at Vanity Fair , goes out to dinner with friends , he plays something, called the “ phone stack” game : Everyone places the ir phones in the middle of the table ; whoever looks at their device before the check arrives picks up the bill . As smart-phones continue to burrow(钻入) their way into our lives , and wearable devices like Google Glass threaten to eat into our person space even further , overburdened users are carving out their own device-free zones with special tricks and life hacks . “Disconnecting is a luxury that we all need ,” Lesley M. M. Blume , a New York writer keeps her phone away from the dinner table at home .” The expectation that we must always be available to employers ,colleague, family : It creates a real obstacle in trying to set aside private time . But that private time is more important thanever. “ Much of the digital detoxing （戒毒）is centered on the home , where urgent e-mails from co-workers , texts from friends , Instagram photos from acquaintances and updates on Facebook get together to disturb domestic quietness. A popular method is to appoint a kind of cellphone lockbox , like the milk tin that Brandon Holley , the former editor of lucky magazine , uses. “ If my phones is buzzing or lighting up , its still a distraction , so it goes in the box . “, said Ms. Holley , who lives in a row house in Red Hook , Brooklyn , with her son ,Smith , and husband , John .” Its not something I want my kid to see.” Sleep is a big factor , which is why some people draw the cellphone-free line at the bedroom.” I don’t want to sleep next to something that is a charged ball of information with photos an e-mails ,” said Pe ter Som , the fashion designer , who keeps his phone plugged in the living room overnight .” “It definitely is a head clearer and describes daytime and sleep time clearly .”Households with young children are especially mindful about being overconnected , with parents sensitive to how children may imitate bad habits . But its not just inside the home where users are separating themselves from the habit . Cellphone overusers are making efforts to disconnect in social settings ,whether at the request of the host or in the form of friendly competition . The phone-stack game is a lighthearted way for friends to police against rude behavior when eating out . The game gained popularity after Brian Perez, a dancer in Los Angeles , posted the idea online.63.What migh t be the reason for Michael Carl to play the “ phone stack” game?A.His friends arent willing to pay for the meal voluntarily .B.B. He wants to do some funny things with those phonesC.He has been fed up with digital devices being present everywhereD.The wearable devices have brought threats to his privacy .64.Why is it difficulty for people to break away from their digital device at home ?A. Because they have to do some work at homeB. Because they are expected to be always available to the outsideC. Because people have been addicted to digital devices.D. Because digital devices can enrich peoples family life.65. What does Peter Som do to ensure his sleeping quality at night ?A. He puts his phone in the living room .B. He ignores any information in the phoneC. He deletes all information in his phoneD. He puts his phones in a lockbox66. Why does the phone-stack game become popular as soon as it is posted online?A. The game helps create a harmonious relationship among friends.B. The game makes the host get along well with the guestC. The game can prevent children from imitating their parents behaviorD. The game meets peoples demand for keeping away from phones easilysomeone poorer . Years passed before I was able to return the money Effie had given me from time to time . She was ill now and had aged rapidly in the last year .” Here , darling , “ I said , “ is what I owe you ,”_____________” Give it back as I gave it to you -----a little at a time.” “ I thi nk she believed there was magic in the slow discharge of a love debt. The simple fact is that I never repaid the whole amount to Effie , for she died a few weeks later . By now , the few dollars Effie gave me have been multiplied many times . But a curious thing began to happen . ___________At that time , it seemed that my debt would forever go unsettled . So the account can never be marked closed , for Effies love will go on in hearts that have never known her .IV. Summary Writing Directions:Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Chaco Great House As early as the twelfth century A.D., the settlements of Chaco Canyon in New Mexico in the American Southwest were notable for their "great houses," massive stone buildings that contain hundreds of rooms and often stand three or four stories high. Archaeologists have been trying to determine how the buildings were used. While there is still no universally agreed upon explanation, there are three competing theories.One theory holds that the Chaco structures were purely residential, with each housing hundreds of people. Supporters of this theory have interpreted Chaco great houses as earlier versions of the architecture seen in more recent Southwest societies. In particular, the Chaco houses appear strikingly similar to the large, well-known "apartment buildings" at Taos, New Mexico, in which many people have been living for centuries.A second theory contends that the Chaco structures were usedto store food supplies. One of the main crops of the Chaco people was grain maize, which could be stored for long periods of time without spoiling and could serve as a long-lasting supply of food. The supplies of maize had to be stored somewhere, and the size of the great houses would make them very suitable for the purpose.A third theory proposes that houses were used as ceremonial centers. Close to one house, called Pueblo Alto, archaeologists identified an enormous mound formed by a pile of old material. Excavations of the mound revealed deposits containing a surprisingly large number of broken pots. This finding has been interpreted as evidence that people gathered at Pueblo Alto for special ceremonies. At the ceremonies, they ate festive meals and then discarded the pots in which the meals had been prepared or served. Such ceremonies have been documented for other Native American cultures.V. Translation Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72. 想和我一起看电影的人请举手。
2017届上海市普陀区高三英语二模试卷（含听力文本和答案）
2017届上海市普陀区⾼三英语⼆模试卷（含听⼒⽂本和答案）普陀区2016学年⾼三年级第⼆次学业质量调研测试英语学科试卷(时间120分钟，满分140分)考⽣注意：I.本试卷共12页。
满分140分。
考试时间120分钟。
2.答题前，考⽣务必在答题卡(纸)上⽤钢笔或⽔笔清楚填写姓名、准考证号，并⽤铅笔正确涂写准考证号。
3.答案必须全部涂写在答题卡(纸)上。
第1-20⼩题，第31-70⼩题，均由机器阅卷，考⽣应将代表正确答案的⼩⽅格⽤铅笔涂⿊。
注意试题题号和答题纸编号⼀⼀对应，不能错位。
答案需要更改时，必须将原选项擦去，重新选择。
答案不能涂写在试卷上，涂写在试卷上⼀律不给分。
第21-30⼩题，第IV, V⼤题(即第72-75⼩题)和VI⼤题，其答案⽤钢笔或⽔笔写在答题纸上，如⽤铅笔答题或写在试卷上也⼀律不给分。
I. Listening ComprehensionI. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections:In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A.In a hospital B. In a bank C. In a hotel D. In a supermarket2. A. $8 B.$12 C.$40 D.$803. A. A local artist B. The man’s salary C. An apartment to let D. A flat for sale4. A. Work at a restaurant B. Quit delivering flowersC. Bring her flowers every dayD. Leave his job to work for her5. A. Giving lectures B. Preparing class notesC. Conducting researchD. Doing office work6. A. She doesn’t agree with the man B. She is good at finding a place to stayC. She could hardly find the truthD. She had no travel experience in Britain7. A. The man is planning a trip to Santa Cruz.B. The man has been to Santa Cruz before.C. The man doesn’t like Santa Cruz.D. The man hasn’t been to Santa Cruz before.8. A. Promising B. Isolated C. Crowded D. Modern9. A. Game creator is a booming business.B. School learning is a must for game creator.C. He hopes to attend a good game development school.D. The woman shouldn’t become a game creator.10. A. It spoke highly of the mayor. B. It carried the mayor’s speech accurately.C. It made the mayor’s view clearer.D. It misinterpreted the mayor’s speech.Section BDirections:In Section B, you will hear several longer conversation(s) and short passage(s), and you will be asked several questions on each of the conversation(s) and the passage(s). The conversation(s) and the passage(s) will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. They will have mental health problems. B. They will have high blood pressure.C. They will definitely be depressed.D. They will have low self-esteem.12. A. They are physically healthier. B. They are mentally satisfied.C. They have happier experience.D. They enjoy a higher social status.13. A. More and more home appliances.B. Dangerous neighborhoods.C. Bullies on the Internet.D. Ex-criminals in the community.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. How natural disasters turn out to be to developing nations.B. How the studies on natural disasters is conducted.C. How powerless humans appear to be in face of natural disasters.D. How the negative impacts of natural disasters can be reduced.15. A. By training rescue teams for emergencies.B. By taking steps to prepare people for them.C. By changing people’s views of nature.D. By relocating people to safer places.16. A. How preventive action can reduce the loss of life.B. How courageous Cubans are in face of disasters.C. How Cubans suffer from tropical storms.D. How destructive tropical storms can be.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. His view on Canadian universities.B. His understanding of higher education.C. His suggestions for improvements in higher education.D. His complaint about inequality in American universities.18. A. It is well designed. B. It is rather inflexible.C. It varies among universities.D. It has undergone great changes.19. A. The United States and Canada can learn from each other.B. Public universities are often superior to private universities.C. Everyone should be given equal access to higher education.D. Private schools work more efficiently than public institutions.20. A. University systems vary from country to country.B. Efficiency is essential to university management.C. It is hard to say which is better, a public university or a private one.D. Many private universities in the US are actually large organizations.II. Grammar and Vocabulary Section ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Wildlife in DeclineThe populations of Earth’s wild vertebrates (脊椎动物）have declined by 58% over the past four decades, according to the Living Planet Report 2016 published by the World Wildlife Fund.Climate change and activities such as deforestation and poaching（偷猎）are in large part (21)______(blame) for the decline. If the trend continues, by 2020, the world (22)________(lose) two-thirds of its vertebrate biodiversity. “Sadly, there is no sign yet (23)________ this rate will decrease,” the report says.“Across land, fresh water and the oceans, human activities are forcing wildlife populations to the edge," says Marco Lambertini, director-general of WWF International.The Living Planet Report is published every two years. It aims to provide an assessment of the state of the world’s wildlife. The 2016 study included 3700 different species of birds, fish, mammals, amphibians and reptiles around the world. The team collected data from more than 3000 sources, including government statistics and surveys (24) ______ (carry) out by conservation groups. They then analyzed (25) ______ the population sizes had changed over time.Lambertini said some groups of animals had done worse than others. ''We do see particularly strong declines (26) ______ the freshwater environment. For freshwater species alone, the decline stands at 81% since 1970. This is related to the way that water (27)________(use) and taken out of freshwater systems, and also to the fragmentation（分裂）of freshwater systems through dam building, for example.”The report also highlighted other species, such as African elephants, (28) ________ nave suffered huge declines in recent years, and sharks, which are threatened by overfishing.(29) ________ ________ ________ all the terrifying facts, however, some conservationists say there is still hope. “One of the things that I think is the most important is that these wild animals haven't yet gone extinct,” said Robin Freeman，head of the Zoological Society of London. “On the whole, (30) ________ are not dying out, and that means we still have opportunities to do something about the decline.”Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. NoteBoxing is a popular sport that many people seem to be fascinated by. Newspapers, magazines and sports programmes on TV frequently ____41____ boxing matches. Professional boxers earn a lot of money, and successful boxers are ____42____ as big heroes.It seems to me that some people, especially men, find it ____43____ because it is an aggressive sport. When they watch a boxing match, they can t ____44____ the winning boxer, and this gives them the feeling of being a t ____45____ themselves. It is a fact that many people have feelings of aggressionIII. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Boxing is a popular sport that many people seem to be fascinated by . Newspapers , magazines and sports programmes on TV frequently _________boxing matches . Professional boxers earn a lot of money , and successful boxers are _______as big heroes.It seems to me that people , especially men ,find it _______because it is an aggressive sport . When they watch a boxing match , they can _______ the winning boxer , and this gives them the feeling of being a ______ themselves . It is a fact that many people have feeling of aggression from time to time , but they cannot show their _______in their everyday lives . Watching a boxing match gives them an outlet for this aggression .However , there is a ______side to boxing . It can be a very dangerous sport . Although boxers wear gloves during the fights , and amateur boxers ______have to wear helmets , there have frequently been accident in both professional and amateur boxing , sometimes with ________consequences . Boxers have suffered from head injuries , and occasionally , fighters have even been killed as a result of being knocked out in the__________. Furthermore , studies have shown that there are often long-term effects of boxing , in the form of serious brain _______,even if a boxer has never been knocked out .I am personally not at all in ______of aggressive sports like boxing . I think it would be better if less time was _______to aggressive sports on TV, and we welcomed more men and women from non-aggressive sports as our heroes and heroines inour society . I believe that the world is aggressive enough already ! Of course , people like _______sports , and so do I , but I think that ______other people in an aggressive way is not something that should be regarded as a sport.41. A. broadcast B. cover C. host D. design42. A. kept B. individual C. thought D. treated43. A. appealing B. subjective C. violent D. challenging44. A. pick up B. believe in C. identify with D. long for45. A. winner B. spectator C. inspector D. trainer46. A. ambition B. aggression C. energy D. strength47. A. positive B. indifferent C. deadly D. negative48. A. otherwise B. somehow C. even D. barely49. A. dramatic B. eye-catching C. emotional D. special50. A. court B. ring C. pitch D. yard51. A. loss B. drain C. damage D. disorder52. A. favour B. process C. charge D. power53. A. shifted B. transformed C. given D. delivered54. A. competitive B. quiet C. cooperative D. regular55. A. invading B. insulting C. teasing D. hittingSection BDirections:Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A. B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)FrankensteinFrankenstein was a book by Mary Shelly ----it’s been adapted for the screen dozens of times. The story of Frankenstein is told through a series of letters written by Captain Robert Walton to his sister , as he leads an expedition （长征）to the North Pole . On the way , he meets Victor Frankenstein , who tells Walton the story of his life. Frankenstein is the surname of the guy who creates the monster . The monster doesn’t actually have a game . Anyway , Victor is a scientist who’s desperate to discover the se cret of life . After years of study , he makes an enormous creature out of human remains and brings it to life . Victor intends it to be beautiful . Unfortunately , the creature turns out really hideous , and Victor runs away in terror . Although the monster is good and kind , humans are scared of it . When they mistreat it , the monster becomes angry and evil . Wanting revenge on its creator , the monster murders Dr. Frankenstein’s brother , his wife , and his best friend . When Victor figures out the monster is behind all the deaths , he swears to track it down and kill it .This book was written in 1816, right after a period called the Enlightenment . The Enlightenment emphasized the pursuit of knowledge and reason , and gave rise to the scientific method . Mary Shelley criticized the Enlightenment through the character of Victor Frankenstein , “ He is a negative example of an Enlightenment scientist -------he pursues knowledge at any cost , and his obsession with discovering the secret of life destroys h im , as well as his friends and family .” Some Enlightenment thinkers might have seen such a loss as necessary for the advancement of science , but not Mary Shelley . She and her husband , poet Percy Shelly , were part of the Romanic Movement in art and li terature . Romancism was a reacrion against the Enlightenment’s embrace of rationality and reason . The Romantics emphasized emotion over rationality , and thought people should feel awe and terror in regard to nature . Frankenstein incorporates all these ideas. To Shelley , Frankenstein doesn’t fear and respect the world of nature enough ------she says that by tempering with nature , he brings about complete disaster . Frankenstein is not just a great Romantic novel . It’s also considered one of the first major works of science fiction . It influences a whole generation of writers , and the monster has become one of the most recognizable figures in Western culture.56. Which of the following is closest in the meaning to ‘hideous’ in Paragraph 1?A. UnattractiveB. EngagingC. CharmingD. Handsome57. What is Victor Frankenstein’s fatal weakness?A. His love of scienceB. His rejection of his own creationC. His lack of respect for natureD. His inability to form human relationship58. How was the Romantic era different from the Enlightenment ?A. The Romantic era emphasized emotion ; the Enlightenment emphasized reason .B. The Romantic era occurred during the 20th century ; the Enlightenment occurred during the 19th century .C. The Romantic era emphasized poetry ; the Enlightenment emphasized prose .D. The Romantic era saw major scientific discoveries ; the Enlightenment was an era of literary discovery .59. What effect did “ F rankenstein” have on later works of fiction ?A. It inspired books about the EnlightenmentB. It inspired technical writingC. It inspired books of poetryD. It inspired science-fiction writing60. If you are a 22-year-old nurse , you can apply for the railcard without ________.A. the signature of your director B $ 28c. application form D. passport-sized photos61. The 1/3 OFF discount may not apply for the railcard holders who travel at _______.A. 11 pm on Sunday in AugustB. 7. am on Tuesday in FebruaryC. 7 am on Monday in JulyD. 11 pm on Friday in March62. Which of the following is True according to the leaflet ?A. If you railcard doesn’t have your name signed , it will be used by someone else.B. The benefits of a railcard are transferable to your friend of your age .C. If you have no ticket but have boarded a train , you will still be eligible for a discounted ticketD. If railcard holders wish to use the Eurostar network , they must pay the full fare.The ‘ Phone Stack(堆)’Ga meWhenever Michael Carl , the fashion market director at Vanity Fair , goes out to dinner with friends , he plays something, called the “ phone stack” game : Everyone places their phones in the middle of the table ; whoever looks at their device before the check arrives picks up the bill . As smartphones continue to burrow(钻⼊) their way into our lives , and wearable devices like Google Glass threaten to eat into our person space even further , overburdened users are carving out their own device-free zones with special tricks and life hacks .“Disconnecting is a luxury that we all need ,” Lesley M. M. Blume , a New York writer keeps her phone away from the dinner table at home .” The expectation that we must always be available to employers ,colleague, family : It creates a real obstacle in trying to set aside private time . But that private time is more important than ever. “ Much of the digital detoxing （戒毒）is centered on the home , where urgent e-mails from co-workers , texts from friends , Instagram photos from acquaintances and updates on Facebook get together to disturb domestic quietness.A popular method is to appoint a kind of cellphone lockbox , like the milk tin that Brandon Holley , the former editor of lucky magazine , uses. “ If my phones is buzzing or lighting up , it’s still a distraction , so it goes in the box . “, said Ms. Holley , who lives in a row house in Red Hook , Brooklyn , with her son ,Smith , and husband , John .” It’s not something I want my kid to see.” Sleep is a big factor , wh ich is why some people draw the cellphone-free line at the bedroom.” I don’t want to sleep next to something that is a charged ball of information with photos an e-mails ,” said Peter Som , the fashion designer , who keeps his phone plugged in the living r oom overnight .” “It definitely is a head clearer and describes daytime and sleep time clearly .”Households with young children are especially mindful about being overconnected , with parents sensitive to how children may imitate bad habits . But it’s not just inside the home where users are separating themselves from the habit . Cellphone overusers are making efforts to disconnect in social settings ,whether at the request of the host or in the form of friendly competition . The phone-stack game is a lighthearted way for friends to police against rude behavior when eating out . The game gained popularity after Brian Perez, a dancer in Los Angeles , posted the idea online.63. What might be the reason for Michael Carl to play the “ phone stack” game?A. His friends aren’t willing to pay for the meal voluntarily .B. He wants to do some funny things with those phonesC. He has been fed up with digital devices being present everywhereD. The wearable devices have brought threats to his privacy .64.Why is it difficulty for people to break away from their digital device at home ?A. Because they have to do some work at homeB. Because they are expected to be always available to the outsideC. Because people have been addicted to digital devices.D. Because d igital devices can enrich people’s family life.65. What does Peter Som do to ensure his sleeping quality at night ?A. He puts his phone in the living room .B. He ignores any information in the phoneC. He deletes all information in his phoneD. He puts his phones in a lockbox66. Why does the phone-stack game become popular as soon as it is posted online?A. The game helps create a harmonious relationship among friends.B. The game makes the host get along well with the guestC. The game can prevent ch ildren from imitating their parents’ behaviorD. The game meets people’s demand for keeping away from phones easilySection CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.“Any apple today ?”, Effie asked cheerfully at my window ,. I followed he r to her truck and bought a kilo . On credit , of course . Cash was the one thing in the world I lacked just them .All pretense （借⼝）of payment was drooped when our funds , food and fuel decreased to alarming lows. Effie came often , always bringing some gift: a jar of peaches or some firewood . There were other generosities.___________Effie was not a rich woman . Her income , derived from investment she had made while running an interior decorating shop , had never exceeded $200 a month , which she supplemented by selling her apples .But she always managed to help someone poorer .Years passed before I was able to return the money Effie had given me from time to time . She was ill now and had aged rapidly in the last year .” Here , darling , “ I said , “ is what I owe you ,” _____________” Give it back as I gave it to you -----a little at a time.” “ I think she believed there was magic in the slow discharge of a love debt.The simple fact is that I never repaid the whole amount to Effie , for she died a few weeks later . By now , the few dollars Effie gave me have been multiplied many times . But a curious thing began to happen .___________At that time , it seemed that my debt would forever go unsettled . So the account can never be marked closed , for Eff ie’s love will go on in hearts that have never known her .IV. Summary WritingDirections:Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Chaco Great HouseAs early as the twelfth century A.D., the settlements of Chaco Canyon in New Mexico in the American Southwest were notable for their "great houses," massive stone buildings that contain hundreds of rooms and often stand three or four stories high. Archaeologists have been trying to determine how the buildings were used. While there is still no universally agreedupon explanation, there are three competing theories.One theory holds that the Chaco structures were purely residential, with each housing hundreds of people. Supporters of this theory have interpreted Chaco great houses as earlier versions of the architecture seen in more recent Southwest societies. In particular, the Chaco houses appear strikingly similar to the large, well-known "apartment buildings" at Taos, New Mexico, in which many people have been living for centuries.A second theory contends that the Chaco structures were usedto store food supplies. One of the main crops of the Chaco people was grain maize, which could be stored for long periods of time without spoiling and could serve as a long-lasting supply of food. The supplies of maize had to be stored somewhere, and the size of the great houses would make them very suitable for the purpose.A third theory proposes that houses were used as ceremonial centers. Close to one house, called Pueblo Alto, archaeologists identified an enormous mound formed by a pile of old material. Excavations of the mound revealed deposits containing a surprisingly large number of broken pots. This finding has been interpreted as evidence that people gathered at Pueblo Alto for special ceremonies. At the ceremonies, they ate festive meals and then discarded the pots in which the meals had been prepared or served. Such ceremonies have been documented for other Native American cultures.V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72. 想和我⼀起看电影的⼈请举⼿。
上海市普陀区2017届高三质量调研(二模)英语试题含答案
普陀区2016学年高三年级第二次学业质量调研测试英语学科试卷(时间120分钟，满分140分)考生注意：I.本试卷共12页。
满分140分。
考试时间120分钟。
2.答题前，考生务必在答题卡(纸)上用钢笔或水笔清楚填写姓名、准考证号，并用铅笔正确涂写准考证号。
3.答案必须全部涂写在答题卡(纸)上。
第1-20小题，第31-70小题，均由机器阅卷，考生应将代表正确答案的小方格用铅笔涂黑。
注意试题题号和答题纸编号一一对应，不能错位。
答案需要更改时，必须将原选项擦去，重新选择。
答案不能涂写在试卷上，涂写在试卷上一律不给分。
第21-30小题，第IV, V大题(即第72-75小题)和VI大题，其答案用钢笔或水笔写在答题纸上，如用铅笔答题或写在试卷上也一律不给分。
I. Listening Comprehension（略）II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Wildlife in DeclineThe populations of Earth’s wild vertebrates (脊椎动物）have declined by 58% over the past four decades, according to the Living Planet Report 2016 published by the World Wildlife Fund.Climate change and activities such as deforestation and poaching（偷猎）are in large part (21)______(blame) for the decline. If the trend continues, by 2020, the world (22)________(lose) two-thirds of its vertebrate biodiversity. ‚Sadly, there is no sign yet (23)________ this rate will decrease,‛ the report says.‚Across land, fresh water and the oceans, human activities are forcing wildlife populations to the edge," says Marco Lambertini, director-general of WWF International.The Living Planet Report is published every two years. It aims to provide an assessment of the state of the world’s wildlife. The 2016 study included 3700 different species of birds, fish, mammals, amphibians and reptiles around the world. The team collected data from more than 3000 sources, including government statistics and surveys (24) ______ (carry) out by conservation groups. They then analyzed (25) ______ the population sizes had changed over time.Lambertini said some groups of animals had done worse than others. ''We do seeparticularly strong declines (26) ______ the freshwater environment. For freshwater species alone, the decline stands at 81% since 1970. This is related to the way that water (27)________(use) and taken out of freshwater systems, and also to the fragmentation（分裂）of freshwater systems through dam building, for example.‛The report also highlighted other species, such as African elephants, (28) ________ nave suffered huge declines in recent years, and sharks, which are threatened by overfishing.(29) ________ ________ ________ all the terrifying facts, however, some conservationists say there is still hope. ‚One of the things that I think is the most important is that these wild animals haven't yet gone extinct,‛ said Robin Freeman，head of the Zoological Society of London. ‚On the whole, (30) ________ are not dying out, and that means we still have opportunities to do something about the decline.‛Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.My job puts me in contact with extraordinary leaders in many fields. So I tend to ____31____ a lot on leadership and how we can inspire successful teamwork, cooperation, and partnerships. In my experience, it is clear that the most successful leaders—both men and women—always demonstrate three ____32____ traits.TrustworthinessLeaders must set an example of honesty and justice and earn the trust of their teams through their everyday actions. When you do so with positive energy and enthusiasm for ____33____ goals and purpose, you can deeply connect with your team and customers. A culture of trust enables you to empower employees and ____34____ the foundation for communication, accountability, and continuous improvement.Compassion (共情)You can't forget that organizational success ____35____ from the hearts and minds of the men and women you lead. Rather than treating your people as you’d like to be treated, treat them as they would like to be treated. Small gestures like choosing face-to-face meetings or sending personal ____36____ can have an enormous impact on the spirits of the teams. In addition to thanks and praise, you must also understand people’s needs, pressures, and individual goals, which will allow you to lead them more effectively and ____37____ to their personal ambitions and professional development.DecisivenessIn times of ____38____ employees long for clarity. As a leader, you won't always have all of the answers—no one expects you to—so you must be open to listening and learning from others. Once you understand a particular challenge and ____39____the options, you have to be confident in making bold and optimistic decisions.Successful leadership demands a lifelong commitment to sharpening these three basic skills. Wherever you have the opportunity to ____40____, the qualities of trustworthiness, compassion, and decisiveness are the keys to leadership and organizational success.Boxing is a popular sport that many people seem to be fascinated by. Newspapers, magazines and sports programmes on TV frequently ____41____ boxing matches. Professional boxers earn a lot of money, and successful boxers are ____42____ as big heroes.It seems to me that some people, especially men, find it ____43____ because it is an aggressive sport. When they watch a boxing match, they can t ____44____ the winning boxer, and this gives them the feeling of being a t ____45____ themselves. It is a fact that many people have feelings of aggressionIII. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Boxing is a popular sport that many people seem to be fascinated by . Newspapers , magazines and sports programmes on TV frequently _________boxing matches . Professional boxers earn a lot of money , and successful boxers are _______as big heroes.It seems to me that people , especially men ,find it _______because it is an aggressive sport . When they watch a boxing match , they can _______ the winning boxer , and this gives them the feeling of being a ______ themselves . It is a fact that many people have feeling of aggression from time to time , but they cannot show their _______in their everyday lives . Watching a boxing match gives them an outlet for this aggression .However , there is a ______side to boxing . It can be a very dangerous sport . Although boxers wear gloves during the fights , and amateur boxers ______have to wear helmets , there have frequently been accident in both professional and amateur boxing , sometimes with ________consequences . Boxers have suffered from head injuries , and occasionally , fighters have even been killed as a result of being knocked out in the__________. Furthermore , studies have shown that there are often long-term effects of boxing , in the form of serious brain _______,even if a boxer has never been knocked out .I am personally not at all in ______of aggressive sports like boxing . I think it would be better if less time was _______to aggressive sports on TV, and we welcomedmore men and women from non-aggressive sports as our heroes and heroines in our society . I believe that the world is aggressive enough already ! Of course , people like _______sports , and so do I , but I think that ______other people in an aggressive way is not something that should be regarded as a sport.41. A. broadcast B. cover C. host D. design42. A. kept B. individual C. thought D. treated43. A. appealing B. subjective C. violent D. challenging44. A. pick up B. believe in C. identify with D. long for45. A. winner B. spectator C. inspector D. trainer46. A. ambition B. aggression C. energy D. strength47. A. positive B. indifferent C. deadly D. negative48. A. otherwise B. somehow C. even D. barely49. A. dramatic B. eye-catching C. emotional D. special50. A. court B. ring C. pitch D. yard51. A. loss B. drain C. damage D. disorder52. A. favour B. process C. charge D. power53. A. shifted B. transformed C. given D. delivered54. A. competitive B. quiet C. cooperative D. regular55. A. invading B. insulting C. teasing D. hittingSection BDirections:Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A. B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)FrankensteinFrankenstein was a book by Mary Shelly ----it’s been adapted for the screen dozens of times. The story of Frankenstein is told through a series of letters written by Captain Robert Walton to his sister , as he leads an expedition （长征）to the North Pole . On the way , he meets Victor Frankenstein , who tells Walton the story of his life. Frankenstein is the surname of the guy who creates the monster . The monster doesn’t actually have a game . Anyway , Victor is a scientist who’s desperate to discover the secret of life . After years of study , he makes an enormous creature out of human remains and brings it to life . Victor intends it to be beautiful . Unfortunately , the creature turns out really hideous , and Victor runs away in terror . Although the monster is good and kind , humans are scared of it . When they mistreat it , the monster becomes angry and evil . Wanting revenge on itscreator , the monster murders Dr. Frankenstein’s brother , his wife , and his best friend . When Victor figures out the monster is behind all the deaths , he swears to track it down and kill it .This book was written in 1816, right after a period called the Enlightenment . The Enlightenment emphasized the pursuit of knowledge and reason , and gave rise to the scientific method . Mary Shelley criticized the Enlightenment through the character of Victor Frankenstein , ‚ He is a negative example of an Enlightenment scientist -------he pursues knowledge at any cost , and his obsession with discovering the secret of life destroys him , as well as his friends and family .‛Some Enlightenment thinkers might have seen such a loss as necessary for the advancement of science , but not Mary Shelley . She and her husband , poet Percy Shelly , were part of the Romanic Movement in art and literature . Romancism was a reacrion against the Enlightenment’s embrace of rationality and reason . The Romantics emphasized emotion over rationality , and thought people should feel awe and terror in regard to nature . Frankenstein incorporates all these ideas. To Shelley , Frankenstein doesn’t fear and respect the world of nature enough ------she says that by tempering with nature , he brings about complete disaster . Frankenstein is not just a great Romantic novel . It’s also co nsidered one of the first major works of science fiction . It influences a whole generation of writers , and the monster has become one of the most recognizable figures in Western culture.56. Which of the following is closest in the meaning to ‘hideous’ in Paragraph 1?A. UnattractiveB. EngagingC. CharmingD. Handsome57. What is Victor Frankenstein’s fatal weakness?A. His love of scienceB. His rejection of his own creationC. His lack of respect for natureD. His inability to form human relationship58. How was the Romantic era different from the Enlightenment ?A. The Romantic era emphasized emotion ; the Enlightenment emphasized reason .B. The Romantic era occurred during the 20th century ; the Enlightenment occurred during the 19th century .C. The Romantic era emphasized poetry ; the Enlightenment emphasized prose .D. The Romantic era saw major scientific discoveries ; the Enlightenment was an era of literary discovery .59. What effect did ‚ F rankenstein‛ have on later works of fiction ?A. It inspired books about the EnlightenmentB. It inspired technical writingC. It inspired books of poetryD. It inspired science-fiction writing60. If you are a 22-year-old nurse , you can apply for the railcard without ________.A. the signature of your director B $ 28c. application form D. passport-sized photos61. The 1/3 OFF discount may not apply for the railcard holders who travel at _______.A. 11 pm on Sunday in AugustB. 7. am on Tuesday in FebruaryC. 7 am on Monday in JulyD. 11 pm on Friday in March62. Which of the following is True according to the leaflet ?A. If you railcard doesn’t have your name signed , it will be used by someoneelse.B. The benefits of a railcard are transferable to your friend of your age .C. If you have no ticket but have boarded a train , you will still be eligible for a discounted ticketD. If railcard holders wish to use the Eurostar network , they must pay the full fare.The ‘ Ph one Stack(堆)’GameWhenever Michael Carl , the fashion market director at Vanity Fair , goes out to dinner with friends , he plays something, called the ‚ phone stack‛ game : Everyone places their phones in the middle of the table ; whoever looks at their device before the check arrives picks up the bill . As smartphones continue to burrow(钻入) their way into our lives , and wearable devices like Google Glass threaten to eat into our person space even further , overburdened users are carving out their own device-free zones with special tricks and life hacks .‚Disconnecting is a luxury that we all need ,‛ Lesley M. M. Blume , a New York writer keeps her phone away from the dinner table at home .‛ The expectation that we must always be available to employers ,colleague, family : It creates a real obstacle in trying to set aside private time . But that private time is more important than ever. ‚ Much of the digital detoxing （戒毒）is centered on the home , where urgent e-mails from co-workers , texts from friends , Instagram photos from acquaintances and updates on Facebook get together to disturb domestic quietness.A popular method is to appoint a kind of cellphone lockbox , like the milk tin that Brandon Holley , the former editor of lucky magazine , uses. ‚ If my phones is buzzing or lighting up , it’s still a distraction , so it goes in the box . ‚, said Ms. Holley , who lives in a row house in Red Hook , Brooklyn , with her son ,Smith , and husband , John .‛It’s not something I want my kid to see.‛ Sleep is a big factor , which is why some people draw the cellphone-free line at the bedroom.‛I don’t want to sleep next to something that is a charged ball of information with photos an e-mails ,‛ said Peter Som , the fashion designer , who keeps his phone plugged in the living room overnight .‛‚It definitely is a head clearer and describes daytime and sleep time clearly .‛Households with young children are especially mindful about being overconnected , with parents sensitive to how children may imitate bad habits . But it’s not just inside the home where users are separating themselves from the habit . Cellphone overusers are making efforts to disconnect in social settings ,whether at the request of the host or in the form of friendly competition . The phone-stack game is a lighthearted way for friends to police against rude behavior when eating out . The game gained popularity after Brian Perez, a dancer in Los Angeles , posted the idea online.63. What might be the reason for Michael Carl to play the ‚ phone stack‛ game?A. His friends aren’t willing to pay for the meal voluntarily .B. He wants to do some funny things with those phonesC. He has been fed up with digital devices being present everywhereD. The wearable devices have brought threats to his privacy .64.Why is it difficulty for people to break away from their digital device at home ?A. Because they have to do some work at homeB. Because they are expected to be always available to the outsideC. Because people have been addicted to digital devices.D. Because digital devices can enrich people’s family life.65. What does Peter Som do to ensure his sleeping quality at night ?A. He puts his phone in the living room .B. He ignores any information in the phoneC. He deletes all information in his phoneD. He puts his phones in a lockbox66. Why does the phone-stack game become popular as soon as it is posted online?A. The game helps create a harmonious relationship among friends.B. The game makes the host get along well with the guestC. The game can prevent children from imitating their parents’ behaviorD. The game meets people’s demand for keeping away from phones easily Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.‚Any apple today ?‛, Effie asked cheerfully at my window ,. I followed her to her truck and bought a kilo . On credit , of course . Cash was the one thing in the world I lacked just them .All pretense （借口）of payment was drooped when our funds , food and fuel decreased to alarming lows. Effie came often , always bringing some gift: a jar of peaches or some firewood . There were other generosities.___________ Effie was not a rich woman . Her income , derived from investment she had made while running an interior decorating shop , had never exceeded $200 a month , which she supplemented by selling her apples .But she always managed to help someone poorer .Years passed before I was able to return the money Effie had given me from time to time . She was ill now and had aged rapidly in the last year .‛ Here , darling , ‚ I said , ‚ is what I owe you ,‛ _____________‛ Give it back as I gave it to you -----a little at a time.‛‚ I think she believed there was magic in the slow discharge of a love debt.The simple fact is that I never repaid the whole amount to Effie , for she died a few weeks later . By now , the few dollars Effie gave me have been multiplied many times . But a curious thing began to happen .___________At that time , it seemed that my debt would forever go unsettled . So the account can never be marked closed , for Effie’s love will go on in hearts that have never known her .IV. Summary WritingDirections:Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Chaco Great HouseAs early as the twelfth century A.D., the settlements of Chaco Canyon in New Mexico in the American Southwest were notable for their "great houses," massive stone buildings that contain hundreds of rooms and often stand three or four stories high. Archaeologists have been trying to determine how the buildings were used. While there is still no universally agreed upon explanation, there are three competing theories.One theory holds that the Chaco structures were purely residential, with each housing hundreds of people. Supporters of this theory have interpreted Chaco great houses as earlier versions of the architecture seen in more recent Southwest societies. In particular, the Chaco houses appear strikingly similar to the large, well-known "apartment buildings" at Taos, New Mexico, in which many people have been living for centuries.A second theory contends that the Chaco structures were usedto store food supplies. One of the main crops of the Chaco people was grain maize, which could be stored for long periods of time without spoiling and could serve as a long-lasting supply of food. The supplies of maize had to be stored somewhere, and the size of the great houses would make them very suitable for the purpose.A third theory proposes that houses were used as ceremonial centers. Close to one house, called Pueblo Alto, archaeologists identified an enormous mound formed by a pile of old material. Excavations of the mound revealed deposits containing a surprisingly large number of broken pots. This finding has been interpreted as evidence that people gathered at Pueblo Alto for special ceremonies. At the ceremonies, they ate festive meals and then discarded the pots in which the meals had been prepared or served. Such ceremonies have been documented for other Native American cultures.V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72. 想和我一起看电影的人请举手。
【上海市普陀区】2017届高三下学期质量调研(二模)数学试卷-答案
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上海市普陀区高三二模数学卷
2017学年第二学期普陀区高三数学质量调研考生注意:1. 本试卷共4页，21道试题，满分150分. 考试时间120分钟.2. 本考试分试卷和答题纸. 试卷包括试题与答题要求. 作答必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，在试卷上作答一律不得分.3. 答卷前，务必用钢笔或圆珠笔在答题纸正面清楚地填写姓名、准考证号，并将核对后的条码贴在指定位置上，在答题纸反面清楚地填写姓名.一、填空题（本大题共有12题，满分54分）考生应在答题纸相应编号的空格内直接填写结果，每个空格填对前6题得4分、后6题得5分，否则一律得零分.1. 抛物线212x y =的准线方程为_______.2. 若函数1()21f x x m =-+是奇函数，则实数m =________.3.若函数()f x =()g x ，则函数()g x 的零点为________.4. 书架上有上、中、下三册的《白话史记》和上、下两册的《古诗文鉴赏辞典》，现将这五本书从左到右摆放在一起，则中间位置摆放中册《白话史记》的不同摆放种数为_______（结果用数值表示）.5. 在锐角三角形ABC 中，角A 、B 、C 的对边分别为a 、b 、c ，若222()tan b c a A bc +-=，则角A 的大小为________.6. 若321()n x x-的展开式中含有非零常数项，则正整数n 的最小值为_________.7. 某单位年初有两辆车参加某种事故保险，对在当年内发生此种事故的每辆车，单位均可获赔（假设每辆车最多只获一次赔偿）.设这两辆车在一年内发生此种事故的概率分别为120和121，且各车是否发生事故相互独立，则一年内该单位在此种保险中获赔的概率为_________（结果用最简分数表示）.8. 在平面直角坐标系xOy 中，直线l的参数方程为24x y ⎧=-⎪⎪⎨⎪=⎪⎩（t 为参数），椭圆C 的参数方程为cos 1sin 2x y θθ=⎧⎪⎨=⎪⎩（θ为参数），则直线l 与椭圆C 的公共点坐标为__________. 9. 设函数()log m f x x =（0m >且1m ≠），若m 是等比数列{}n a （*N n ∈）的公比，且 2462018()7f a a a a =L ，则22221232018()()()()f a f a f a f a ++++L 的值为_________.10. 设变量x 、y 满足条件0220x y x y y x y m-≥⎧⎪+≤⎪⎨≥⎪⎪+≤⎩，若该条件表示的平面区域是三角形，则实数m 的取值范围是__________.11. 设集合1|,2xM y y x R ⎧⎫⎪⎪⎛⎫==∈⎨⎬ ⎪⎝⎭⎪⎪⎩⎭，()()()1|1112,121N y y x m x x m ⎧⎫⎛⎫==+-+--≤≤⎨⎬ ⎪-⎝⎭⎩⎭，若N M ⊆，则实数m 的取值范围是 .12. 点1F ，2F 分别是椭圆22:12x C y +=的左、右两焦点，点N 为椭圆C 的上顶点，若动点M 满足：2122MN MF MF =⋅u u u u r u u u u r u u u u r，则122MF MF +u u u u r u u u u r 的最大值为__________.二、选择题（本大题共有4题，满分20分）每题有且只有一个正确答案，考生应在答题纸的相应编号上，将代表答案的小方格涂黑，选对得5分，否则一律得零分.13. 已知i 为虚数单位，若复数2(i)i a +为正实数，则实数a 的值为……………………………（ ）)A (2 ()B 1 ()C 0 ()D 1-14. 如图所示的几何体，其表面积为(5π+，下部圆柱的底面直径与该圆柱的高相等，…………………………（ ）)A (4 ()B 6 ()C 8 ()D 1015. 设n S 是无穷等差数列{}n a 的前n 项和（*N n ∈），则“lim n n S →∞存在”是“该数列公差0d =”的 ……………………………………………………………………………（ ）)A (充分非必要条件 ()B 必要非充分条件()C 充要条件 ()D 既非充分也非必要条件16. 已知*N k ∈，,,R x y z +∈，若222()5()k xy yz zx x y z ++>++，则对此不等式描叙正 确的是 …………………………………………………………………………………………………（ ）)A (若5k =，则至少．．存．在．一个以,,x y z 为边长的等边三角形 ()B 若6k =，则对任意满足不等式的,,x y z 都．存在．．以,,x y z 为边长的三角形 ()C 若7k =，则对任意满足不等式的,,x y z 都．存在．．以,,x y z 为边长的三角形 ()D 若8k =，则对满足不等式的,,x y z 不．存在．．以,,x y z 为边长的直角三角形 三、解答题（本大题共有5题，满分76分）解答下列各题必须在答题纸相应编号的规定区域内第14题图写出必要的步骤17. （本题满分14分）本题共有2个小题，第1小题满分6分，第2小题满分8分如图所示的正四棱柱1111ABCD A B C D -的底面边长为1，侧棱12AA =,点E 在棱1CC 上，且1=CE CC λu u u r u u u u r(0λ>).（1）当1=2λ时，求三棱锥1D EBC -的体积；（2）当异面直线BE 与1D C 所成角的大小为2arccos 3时，求λ的值.18.（本题满分14分）本题共有2个小题，第1小题满分8分，第2小题满分6分已知函数2(=sin cos sin f x x x x -），R x ∈. （1）若函数()f x 在区间[,]16a π上递增，求实数a 的取值范围；（2）若函数()f x 的图像关于点11(,)Q x y 对称，且1[,]44x ππ∈-，求点Q 的坐标.19.（本题满分14分）本题共有2个小题，第1小题满分8分，第2小题满分6分某市为改善市民出行，大力发展轨道交通建设.规划中的轨道交通s 号线线路示意图如图所示.已知,M N 是东西方向主干道边两个景点，,P Q 是南北方向主干道边两个景点，四个景点距离城市中心O均为，线路AB 段上的任意一点到景点N 的距离比到景点M 的距离都多10km ，线路BC 段上的任意一点到O 的距离都相等，线路CD 段上的任意一点到景点Q 的距离比到景点P 的距离都多10km ，以O 为原点建立平面直角坐标系xOy . （1）求轨道交通s 号线线路示意图所在曲线的方程； （2）规划中的线路AB 段上需建一站点G 到景点Q 的距离最近，问如何设置站点G 的位置？第19题图ADBCA 1B 1C 1D 1E第17题图20. （本题满分16分）本题共有3小题，第1小题4分，第2小题6分，第3小题6分. 定义在R 上的函数()f x 满足：对任意的实数x ，存在非零常数t ，都有()()f x t tf x +=-成立. （1）若函数()3f x kx =+，求实数k 和t 的值；（2）当2t =时，若[0,2]x ∈，()(2)f x x x =-，求函数()f x 在闭区间[2,6]-上的值域； （3）设函数()f x 的值域为[,]a a -，证明：函数()f x 为周期函数.21.（本题满分18分）本题共有3小题，第1小题4分，第2小题6分，第3小题8分.若数列{}n a 同时满足条件：①存在互异的*,N p q ∈使得p q a a c ==（c 为常数）；②当n p ≠且n q ≠时，对任意*N n ∈都有n a c >，则称数列{}n a 为双底数列.（1）判断以下数列{}n a 是否为双底数列（只需写出结论不必证明）； ①6n a n n=+； ②sin 2n n a π=； ③()()35n a n n =--（2）设501012,1502,50n n n n a m n --≤≤⎧=⎨+>⎩，若数列{}n a 是双底数列，求实数m 的值以及数列{}n a 的前n 项和n S ； （3）设()9310nn a kn ⎛⎫=+ ⎪⎝⎭，是否存在整数k ，使得数列{}n a 为双底数列？若存在，求出所有的k 的值；若不存在，请说明理由.普陀区2017学年第二学期高三数学质量调研评分标准（参考）三、解答题17.（1）由11=2CE CC u u u r u u u u r，得1CE =， 又正四棱柱1111ABCD A B C D -，则11D C ⊥平面EBC ，则11113D EBC Rt ECB V S D C -∆=⋅ …………………………… 4分111326CE BC =⨯⋅=.………………………… 6分 （2）以D 为原点，射线DA 、DC 、1DD 作x 轴、y 轴、z 轴的正半轴，建立空间直角坐标系（如图），……………… 2分则(1,1,0)B ，(0,1,2)E λ，1(0,0,2)D ，(0,1,0)C ，即1(0,1,2)DC=-u u u u r，(1,0,2)BE λ=-u u u r ………………………………………………… 4分 又异面直线BE 与1D C 所成角的大小为2arccos3， 则1123D C BED CBE ⋅===⋅u u u u r u u u ru u u u r u u u r ,……………………… 6分 化简整理得2165λ=，又0λ>，即λ=……………………………………… 8分 18.（1）21cos 21(=sin cos sin sin 222x f x x x x x --=+），…………………………2分 1)42x π=+-，…………………………4分 当16x π=时，则322416482x πππππ+=⨯+=<， 又函数()f x 在[,]16a π上递增，则242a ππ+≥-，即38a π≥-，………………………7分 则实数a 的取值范围为3[,)816a ππ∈-. …………………………………………………8分 （2）若函数()f x 的图像关于点11(,)Q x y 对称，则1sin(2)04x π+=， ………………2分即124x k ππ+=（Z k ∈），则128k x ππ=-[,]44ππ∈-，………………………………4分由Z k ∈得0k =，则点Q 的坐标为1(,)82π--. …………………………………………6分19.（1）因为线路AB 段上的任意一点到景点N 的距离比到景点M 的距离都多10km ，所以线路AB 段所在曲线是以定点M ，N 为左、右焦点的双曲线的左支，则其方程为2225(0,0)x y x y -=<≥， …………………………………………………3分因为线路BC 段上的任意一点到O 的距离都相等，所以线路BC 段所在曲线是以O 为圆心、以OB 长为半径的圆，由线路AB 段所在曲线方程可求得(5,0)B -，则其方程为2225(0,0)x y x y +=≤≤， …………………………………………………5分因为线路CD 段上的任意一点到景点Q 的距离比到景点P 的距离都多10km ，所以线路CD 段所在曲线是以定点Q 、P 为上、下焦点的双曲线下支，则其方程为2225(0,0)x y x y -=-≥<， …………………………………………………7分 故线路示意图所在曲线的方程为25x x y y +=-. ……………………………………8分 （2）设00(,)G x y，又Q，则GQ =，由（1）得220025x y -=，即GQ =3分则GQ =0y =时，min GQ = 则站点G的坐标为⎛ ⎝，可使G 到景点Q 的距离最近.……………………6分 20．（1）由()()f x t tf x +=-得，()3(3)k x t t kx ++=-+对R x ∈恒成立，即()(3)30k kt x k t ++++=对R x ∈恒成立，则(1)0(3)300k t k t t +=⎧⎪++=⎨⎪≠⎩，……………………2分即01k t =⎧⎨=-⎩. ……………………………………………………………………………4分（2）当[0,2]x ∈时，2()(2)1(1)[0,1]f x x x x =-=--∈，……………………………2分 当[2,0]x ∈-时，即2[0,2]x +∈， 由(2)2()f x f x +=-得1()(2)2f x f x =-+，则1()[,0]2f x ∈-，……………………3分 当[2,4]x ∈时，即2[0,2]x -∈，由(2)2()f x f x +=-得()2(2)f x f x =--，则()[2,0]f x ∈-， ……………………4分 当[4,6]x ∈时，即2[2,4]x -∈，由()2(2)f x f x =--得()[0,4]f x ∈， …………………………………………………5分 综上得函数()f x 在闭区间[0,6]上的值域为[2,4]-. ……………………………………6分 （3）（证法一）由函数()f x 的值域为[,]a a -得，()f x t +的取值集合也为[,]a a -，当0t >时，()()[,]f x t tf x ta ta +=-∈-，则ta ata a-=-⎧⎨=⎩，即1t =.……………………2分由(1)()f x f x +=-得(2)(1)()f x f x f x +=-+=，则函数()f x 是以2为周期的函数. …………………………………………………………3分当0t <时，()()[,]f x t tf x ta ta +=-∈-，则ta ata a-=⎧⎨=-⎩，即1t =-.……………………5分即(1)()f x f x -=，则函数()f x 是以1为周期的函数.故满足条件的函数()f x 为周期函数. ………………………………………………………6分 （证法二）由函数()f x 的值域为[,]a a -得，必存在0R x ∈，使得0()f x a =， 当1t >时，对1t >，有00()()f x t tf x ta a +=-=-<-，对1t <-，有00()()f x t tf x ta a +=-=->，则1t >不可能；当01t <<时，即11t >，001()()f x f x t t=-+， 由()f x 的值域为[,]a a -得，必存在0R x ∈，使得0()f x t a +=， 仿上证法同样得01t <<也不可能，则必有1t = ，以下同证法一.21. （1）①③是双底数列，②不是双底数列；……………………………………………4分 （2）数列{}n a 当150n ≤≤时递减，当50n >时递增，由双底数列定义可知5051a a =，解得1m =-，……………………………………………2分 当150n ≤≤时，数列成等差，()29910121002n n n S n n +-==-，当50n >时，()()()22501005050212121n n S -=⨯-+-+-++-L 4922548n n -=-+， ………………………………………5分综上，249100,15022548,50n n n n n S n n -⎧-≤≤=⎨-+>⎩.……………………………………………………6分（3）()()1199331010n nn n a a kn k kn ++⎛⎫⎛⎫-=++-+ ⎪⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭，()()93931010nkn k kn ++⎛⎫⎛⎫=-+⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭， ()19931010nk kn ⎛⎫=-- ⎪⎝⎭， ……………………………………2分 若数列{}n a 是双底数列，则93k kn -=有解（否则不是双底数列）， 即 39n k-=，………………………………………………………………………3分 得16k n =⎧⎨=⎩或38k n =⎧⎨=⎩或112k n =-⎧⎨=⎩或310k n =-⎧⎨=⎩故当1k =时，()13961010nn n a a n +⎛⎫-=- ⎪⎝⎭，当15n ≤≤时，1n n a a +>；当6n =时，1n n a a +=；当7n ≥时，1n n a a +<； 从而 12345678a a a a a a a a <<<<<=>>L ，数列{}n a 不是双底数列； 同理可得：当3k =时，12891011a a a a a a <<<=>>>L L ，数列{}n a 不是双底数列； 当1k =-时，1212131415a a a a a a >>>=<<<L L ，数列{}n a 是双底数列； 当3k =-时，1210111213a a a a a a >>>=<<<L L ，数列{}n a 是双底数列； …………………………………………………………………………………………………7分 综上，存在整数1k =-或3k =-，使得数列{}n a 为双底数列.…………………………8分。
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2017年普陀区高三二模语文试题一、积累运用（10分）1.按题目要求填空（5分）（1）生亦我所欲，所欲有甚于生者，。
《孟子》（1分）（2）“忽魂悸以魄动，。
”出自李白的《》（2分）（3）苏轼《水调歌头》中化用李白“青天有月来几时，我今停杯一问之”诗意的两句是“，。
”（2分）2.按题目要求选择（5分）（1）每年春日桃花节，小明踏青觅胜，都会给各处留影配诗，下列诗句和春季赏花场景不匹配的一项是（）。
（2分）A.竹外桃花三两枝，春江水暖鸭先知。
B.桃花尽日随流水，洞在清溪何处边。
C.桃花一簇开无主，可爱深红爱浅红。
D.人间四月芳菲尽，山寺桃花始盛开。
（2）小明代表校学生会接待联谊学校的同学，以下开场白用语得体的一项是（）。
（3分）A.各位同学，上午好，欢迎来到**学校。
B.感谢各位大驾光临，希望你们多多指教。
C.大家好，我叫小明，欢迎关注我的母校。
D.很高兴认识大家，我会尽心尽力提供服务。
二、阅读（70分）（一）阅读下面的文章，完成第3——8题。
（16分）为什么要重新评价冯梦龙？○1冯梦龙是中国文学史上具有划时代意义的大家，但。
在明清文人眼中，他那些优秀的话本小说、传奇戏曲等俗文学作品，根本不算文学，更不能登大雅之堂。
“五四运动”后，冯梦龙的通俗文学受到肯定，但总体评价依然不高。
②很多人看到冯梦龙的小说中有一些忠孝节义的说教，就认为他宣扬封建思想了，这种评价方法并不合理。
巴尔扎克在政治上是保皇党，在他的小说《人间喜剧》中却表现出先进的民主主义思想。
文学不是科学，它有其特殊的表现内容——感情。
托尔斯泰在《艺术论》中说：“艺术是交流感情的工具，艺术的主要特性是艺术家所体验过的感情。
”实际上，感情中包含着思想倾向。
感情和情绪不同，例如“喜”这种情堵，可以表现为千千万万种感情：喜爱读书、喜爱赌博……两者是完全不同的感情．然而，它们都是一种情绪——“喜”。
由此可见，情绪是共性、抽象的，但是感情离不开它的对象，是具体的。
具体的感情是主客观的统一，它包含着思想，却又大于思想，是艺术的特殊内容。
我们评论作品，应该主要看艺术形象所体现的感情。
这当然不是不管思想性，只是不要只看某些言论中的抽象思想。
③冯梦龙在小说中写了许多爱情的悲喜剧，描写美好的、平等的爱情。
“借男女之真情，发名教之伪药”。
特别是着眼封建社会中最受压迫的下层妇女，描摹她们对爱情幸福的向往、对丑恶现实的抗争，都写得可歌可泣，令人动容。
为什么他笔下的女性形象，比如杜十娘、白娘子、金玉奴、闻淑英、李瑶琴、玉堂春等等，在戏曲舞台上常演不衰，如此吸引着历代艺术家和广大观众？就是由于这些艺术形象体现了纯真的人性美，具有永恒的艺术价值。
在文学史上，这样的作家、作品只是凤毛麟角。
④那该如何看待作品中关于忠孝节义的说教呢？在古代，忠君和爱国是一致的，不能用今天的标准去要求古人；否则，一些最伟大的作家，如屈原、杜甫等等这些忠君的作家，都成了宣扬封建思想的了。
而且，冯梦龙在作品中宣扬的忠孝节义，并不是正统的愚忠愚孝，和扼杀人性的封建礼教更是对立的。
比如其作品中，常有肯定爱情自由和主张寡妇改嫁的情节，这显然与封建传统的贞洁守节思想不同。
⑤我们还应辩证地理解忠孝节义。
在忠孝节义的传统道德中，固然有封建的思想，但也有不少属于广大人民的朴素道德观。
忠，是讲对人对事忠诚无欺、忠实可靠；孝，是尊老爱老的生活原则；节义思想，是爱国气节、为人的骨气——这些都是应该肯定的。
⑥事实上，他的小说中有大量反映官府草菅人命、贪污腐败、外寇为患、内贼抢掠、民不聊生等种种社会矛盾的作品，其矛头有时达到封建王朝的最高层，把过去烜赫一时的一些帝王将相送上了历史的审判台，使他们恶有恶报，大快人心。
如《闹阴司司马貌断狱》用“阳间不如阴间清明”的魔幻手法，让一个自称“我若作阎王，世事皆更正”的秀才，在阴司做了六个时辰的阎罗王，查阅了汉初的四卷档案，把刘邦大杀忠臣、恩将仇报等等罪行，一一做了审判，还历史以公道，巧妙地讽刺和抨击了黑暗封建王朝的最高统治者。
⑦还有人认为冯梦龙的小说在技巧上还比较粗糙，艺术性不强，所以成就不高。
什么是艺术性呢？现在的许多文艺理论与批评文章，往往教条式地照搬一种固定的所谓艺术标准，一谈艺术性就讲结构、线条、节奏、音韵等等形式上的问题，然而艺术价值的关键在于是否拥有打动人心的的表现力。
鲁迅对冯梦龙在《醒世恒言》中写世态物情之高妙评价甚高，大段引用《陈多寿生死夫妻》原文，说他“不务装点而情态反如画”。
他的小说中有许多鲜明生动、血肉丰满的典型人物，艺术感染力很强，在国内外有着广泛的影响。
1735年巴黎出版的《中华帝国全志》中就以英文翻译了两篇冯梦龙的小说《庄子休鼓盆成大道》和《吕大郎还金完骨肉》。
19世纪以后，又有五十多篇小说被译为英文，二十四篇译为法文。
此外，日文、德文、俄文、意大利文、西班牙文等等文字的译本也很多。
⑧1929年的英译《醒世恒言》五篇，被称为“中国的《十日谈》”。
就反映现实、倡真反伪、吸收民间口语等方面，这些小说和《十日谈》确有相似之处。
可是，为什么冯梦龙没有取得《十日谈》作者薄伽丘那样显赫的世界地位呢？潜明兹教授说：“薄伽丘开辟了一个新时代，而冯梦龙却没有迎来一个新世界。
因此‘三言’便没有取得《十日谈》那样令人瞩目的世界地位。
这究竟是历史的过错，还是冯梦龙本人的失误，抑或是前者决定了后者？”她认为，这主要是因为中国当时资本主义不如欧洲发达这个社会原因起了决定作用；从文化巨人的实质上看，他们二人是一样的。
关键是人们受既有文学观念的影响，还没有完全认识到冯梦龙的伟大贡献。
更新文学观念，改变文学评价的方法，也许就是我们今天研究冯梦龙的现实意义之一。
（有删改）3.第①段“但”字之后的空格中应填入的一项是（）。
（2分）A.其文学地位并没有一开始就得到恰当的评价。
B.其文学地位一直没有得到恰当的评价。
C.其文学作品并没有一开始就得到恰当的评价。
D.其文学作品一直没有得到恰当的评价。
4.第②段画线词语“说教”在文中的意思是。
（2分）5.第④段画线句在文中的作用是。
（3分）6.对第⑥段写作特点分析不正确的一项是（）。
（3分）A.连用五个四字短语，突出冯梦龙的小说揭示社会矛盾之多之重。
B.“矛头”一语暗含比喻，形象地表明冯梦龙的小说极具讽刺性。
C.“真是大快人心”句式简短有力，表现出对冯梦龙的批判锋芒的赞叹。
D.以《闹阴司司马貌断狱》为例证明冯梦龙憎恶封建统治者，令人信服。
7.下列推断与文章一致的一项是（）。
（2分）A.永恒的艺术形象都具有纯真的人性美。
B.古代作家都会宣扬忠孝节义的道德观。
C.能打动人心的必定是艺术性强的作品。
D.深入研究冯梦龙后必会更新文学观念。
8.综观全文，概述作者文学评价的方法。
（4分）（二）阅读下文，完成第9——12题。
（15分）没有人在春雨里哭泣鲍尔吉·原野①雨点瞄着每株青草落下来，因为风吹的原因，它落在别的草上。
别的雨点又落在别的草上。
春雨落在什么东西都没生长的、傻傻的土地上，土地开始复苏，想起了去年的事情。
雨水排着燕子的队形，以燕子的轻盈钻入大地。
这时候，还听不到沙沙的声响，树叶太小，演奏不出沙沙的音乐。
春雨是今年第一次下雨，边下边回忆。
有些地方下过了，有些地方还干着。
春雨扯动风的透明的帆，把雨水洒到它应该去的一切地方。
②走进春天里的人是一些旧人。
他们带着冬天的表情，穿着老式的衣服在街上走。
春天本不想把珍贵的，最新的雨洒在这些旧人身上，他们不开花、不长青草也不会在云顶歌唱，但雨水躲不开他们——雨水洒在他们的肩头、鞋和伞上。
人们抱怨雨，其实，这实在是便宜了他们这些不开花不长青草和不结苹果的人。
③春雨殷勤，清洗桃花和杏花，花朵们觉得春雨太多情了。
花刚从娘肚子钻出来，比任何东西都新鲜，无须清洗。
不！这是春雨说的话，它认为在雨水的清洗下，桃花才有这样的娇美。
世上的事就是这样，谁想干什么事你只能让它干，拦是拦不住的。
④春天的雨水下一阵儿，会愣上一会儿神。
它们虽然在下雨，但并不知这里是哪里。
树木们有的浅绿、有的深绿。
树叶有圆芽、也有尖芽。
即使地上的青草绿的也不一样。
有的绿得已经像韭菜、有的刚刚返青。
灌木绿得像一条条毯子，有些高高的树才冒嫩芽。
性急的桃花繁密而落，杏花疏落却持久，仿佛要一直开下去。
春雨对此景似曾相识，仿佛在哪里见过。
它去过的地方太多，记不住哪个地方叫什么省什么县什么乡，根本记不住。
⑤春雨继续下起来，无须雷声滚滚，也照样下，春雨不搞这些排场。
它下雨便下雨，不来浓云密布那一套，那都是夏天搞的事情。
春雨非不能也，而不为也。
打雷谁不会？打雷干嘛？春雨静静地、细密地、清凉地、疏落地、晶亮地、飘洒地下着，下着。
不大也不小，它们趴在玻璃上往屋里看，看屋里需不需要雨水，看到人或坐或卧，过着他们称之为生活的日子。
春雨的水珠看到屋子里没有水，也没有花朵和青草。
⑥春雨飘落的时候伴随歌声，合唱，小调式乐曲，6/8拍子，可惜人耳听不到。
旋律有如《霍夫曼的故事》里的“船歌”，连贯的旋律拆开重新缝在一起，走两步就有一个起始句。
开始，发展下去，终结又可以开始。
船歌是拿波里船夫唱的情歌小调，荡漾，节奏一直在荡漾。
这些船夫上岸后不会走路了，因为大地不荡漾。
春雨早就明白这些，这不算啥。
春雨时疾时徐、或快或慢地在空气里荡漾。
它并不着急落地。
那么早落地干嘛？不如按6/8的节奏荡漾。
⑦春雨忽然下起来，青草和花都不意外，但人意外。
他们慌张奔跑，在屋檐和树下避雨。
雨持续下着，直到人们从屋檐和树底下走出。
雨很想洗刷这些人，让他们像桃花一样绯红，或像杏花一样明亮。
雨打在人的衣服上，渗入纺织物变得沉重，脸色却不像桃花那样鲜艳而单薄。
他们的脸上爬满了水珠，这与趴在玻璃上往屋里看的水珠是同伙。
水珠温柔地俯在人的脸上，想为他们取暖却取到了他们的脸。
这些脸啊，比树木更加坚硬。
脸上隐藏与泄露着人生的所有消息。
雨水摸摸他们的鼻梁，摸摸他们的面颊，他们的眼睛不让摸，眯着。
这些人慌乱奔走，像从山顶滚下的石块，奔向四方。
春雨中找不到一个流泪的人。
人身上有4000到5000毫升的血液，大约只有20～30毫升的泪。
泪的正用是清洗眼珠，而为悲伤流出是意外。
他们的心灵撕裂了泪水的小小的蓄水池。
春雨不许人们流泪，雨水清洗人的额头、鼻梁和面颊，洗去许多年前的泪痕。
春雨不知人需要什么，如果需要雨水就给他们雨水，需要清凉给他们清凉，需要温柔给他们温柔。
春雨拍打肩行人的肩头和后背，他们挥动胳膊时双手抓到了雨。
雨最想洗一洗人的眼睛，让他们看一看——桃花开了。
一棵接一棵的桃树站立路边，枝桠相接，举起繁密的桃花。
桃花在雨水里依然盛开，有一些湿红。
有的花瓣落在泥里，如撕碎的信笺。
如琴弦一般的青草在桃树下齐齐探出头，像儿童长得很快的头发。
你们看到鸟儿多了吗？它们在枝头大叫，让雨大下或立刻停下来。