湖南省株洲市2018年中考思想品德试题
2018年湖南省株洲市中考语文试卷含答案
绝密★启用前湖南省株洲市2018年初中毕业学业考试语 文本试卷满分150分,考试时间120分钟。
一、语言文字积累与运用(共29分)(一)单项选择题(共12分,每小题3分)1.下列词语中加点字的注音有错误的一组是 ( )A.迸.(b èng )发 夹.(ji ā)杂 风驰电掣.(ch è) 白雪皑皑.(ái )B.桎梏.(k ù) 信笺.(ji ān ) 咄.(du ó)咄逼人 怙恶不悛.(qu ān ) C.毗.(p í)邻 愤懑.(m èn ) 刚愎.(b ì)自用 拈.(ni ān )轻怕重 D.谥.(sh ì)号 埋.(m án )怨 锃.(z èng )光瓦亮 苦心孤诣.(y ì) 2.下列词语中全都正确的一组是 ( ) A.蔓延 不胫而走 披星戴月 沽名钓誉 B.候鸟 按步就班 事必躬亲 仗义直言 C.精粹 察言观色 坚苦奋斗 别出心裁 D.偌大 各行其事 老马识图 出人头地3.依次填入下面一段文字横线处的语句,衔接恰当的一组是 ( )端午节最令人期待的食物是粽子。
包粽子先要_______,_______,_______,_______,最后放进滚水里煮熟。
吃的时候撒上白糖或浇上糖稀,甜糯可口。
①用勺子把湿漉漉的糯米灌入、压紧 ②再翻过个儿包上③用五彩丝或马莲草绑上 ④把包粽子的苇叶卷成角形 A.①④②③ B.④①②③ C.④①③② D.④③①②4.下列句子中没有语病的一句是 ( ) A.她给我描绘了除夕农民包饺子,守岁到深夜,初一清晨全家在一起吃饺子,放鞭炮。
B.《标准汉语》的读者对象是为英语国家的中国留学生子女编写的一套汉语学习课本。
C.考古学者称,南极恐龙化石的发现强烈地证明地壳在进行缓慢但又不可抗拒的运动。
D.在学习和生活中,我们都应该注意培养自己观察问题、分析问题和解决问题的能力。
湖南省株洲市2018年中考历史试题
株洲市2018年初中毕业学业考试历史试题卷一、选择题(每小题只有一个最符合题意的答案,本大题共25小题,每小题2分,共50分)1、读右图,图中①④代表的诸侯国是A、秦国楚国B、齐国楚国C、秦国韩国D、魏国赵国2、我国优秀的长篇历史小说《三国演义》取材于东汉末年至三国时期的历史,历史上的三国鼎立局面形成于A、公元3世纪初期B、公元3世纪20年代C、公元2世纪初期D、公元2世纪20年代3、“山外青山楼外楼,西湖歌舞几时休。
暖风熏得游人醉,直把杭州作汴州。
”该诗反映的时代背景应该是A、宋辽对抗B、南宋与金对峙C、宋夏和议D、北宋与金对峙4、秦刚拟办一份历史手抄报,准备了右图所示素材,据此推断这份手抄报的主题是A 、民族关系的发展B 、统一的多民族国家的巩固C 、专制主义中央集权的加强D 、封建社会的危机5、2018年,我国科学家屠呦呦被授予诺贝尔生理学医学奖,这是我国医学界第一次获此殊荣。
实际上,我国医学源远流长,早在1800多年前就有一位名医被后世尊称为“医圣”,他是A 、张仲景B 、华佗C 、李时珍D 、扁鹊6、“1840年以来中国人向西方学习,经历了一个始而言技,继而言政,进而言教的过程,言教即主张学习西方自由、民主、平等等资产阶级观念。
”能够印证“始而言技”的史实是A 、戊戌变法B 、辛亥革命C 、新文化运动D 、洋务运动7、民谣具有时代特点。
右图民谣内容反映的历史时期是乱A、北伐战争时期B、国共合作时期C、解放战争时期D、新民主主义革命的兴起时期8、黄仁宇在《中国大历史》中说:“少帅张学良的部队冲入委员长的行营,要求他停止对共产党的‘围剿’,以便一致对日抗战。
这兵变的目的既达,中国的政治从此改观……”。
“中国的政治从此改观“可以解读为A、国民政府统一全国B、十年内战基本结束C、全面抗战正式开始D、中国开始局部抗战9、生活在100年前的上海人,不可能A、发电报问候亲人、与朋友照相B、在《申报》上看时政新闻C、向上司行跪拜礼,称“老爷”D、穿西装去电影院看电影10、毛泽东被《时代》杂志评为“20世纪最具影响的100人之一”。
18年湖南省株洲市中考数学真题及参考答案
2018年湖南省株洲市中考数学真题及参考答案湖南省株洲市二○一八年初中学业考试暨高中阶段统一招生考试. 数学试卷.. 注意事项:.. 1.答题前,考生务必先核对条形码上的姓名、准考证号和座号,然后用毫米黑色墨水签字笔将本人的姓名、准考证号和座号填写在答题卡相应位置。
2.答第Ⅰ卷时,必须使用2B铅笔填涂答题卡上相应题目的答案标号,如需改动,必须先用橡皮擦干净,再改涂其它答案。
3.答第Ⅱ卷时,必须使用毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上书写。
务必在题号所指示的答题区域内作答。
.. 一、选择题1、9的算术平方根是( A ) A、3B、9C、±3D、±9 2、下列运算正确的是( D ) 2a63A、2a?3b?5ab B、(?ab)?ab C、a?a?a D、3?2a a222483、如图,2的倒数在数轴上表示的点位于下列两个点之间( C ).. 5A、点E和点F B、点F和点G C、点F和点G D、点G 和点H EFGHI -101234 第3题图4、据资料显示,地球的海洋面积约为360000000平方千米,请用科学记数法表示地球海洋面积面积约为多少平方千米( B ) A、36?10B、?10 C、?10D、?10 789923??0解为x?4,则常数a的值为( D ) xx?aA、a?1 B、a?2C、a?4 D、a?10 106、从?5,?,?6,?1,0,2,?这七个数中随机抽取一个数,恰好为负整数的概率为( A .) .........35、关于x的分式方程2345B、C、D、77777、下列哪个选项中的不等式与不等式5x?8?2x组成的不等式组的解集为8?x?5.( C ) 3A、x?5?0 B、2x?10 C、3x?15?0 D、?x?5?0 a8、已知二次函数的图像如下图,则下列哪个选项表示的点有可能在反比例函数y?的图x A、象上( C ) A、y B、C、D、2B31A4第9题图9、如图,直线l1,l2被直线l3所截,且l1l2,过l1上的点A 作AB⊥l3交l3于点B,其中∠1<30°,则下列一定正确的是( D ) A、∠2>120°B、∠3<60°C、∠4-∠3>90°D、2∠3>∠4 10、已知一系列直线y?akx?b(ak均不相等且不为零,ak 同号,k为大于或等于2的整数,b?0)分别与直线y?0相交于一系列点Ak,设Ak 的横坐标为xk,则对于式子ai?ajxi?xj(1?i?k,1?j?k,i?j),下列一定正确的是( B ) A、大于1 B、大于0C、小于-1D、小于0 二、填空题11、单项式5mn的次数 3 。
2018年湖南省株洲市中考历史试卷(含答案与解析)
绝密★启用前湖南省株洲市2018年初中毕业学业考试历 史本试卷分第I 卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分。
满分100分,考试时间90分钟。
第I 卷(选择题 共50分)一、选择题(本大题共25小题,每小题2分,共50分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是最符合题目要求的)1.1958年在半坡遗址上修建了半坡博物馆,下列哪些反映半坡人生活状况的模型或实物可以入选其中( )①半穴居房屋模型②刻猪纹黑陶缸 ③人面鱼纹陶盆 ④粟的朽粒 A .①②③ B .②③④ C .①③④ D .①②④ 2.嬴政统一全国后“自以为功过五帝,地广三王”,下列哪一项不能反映他的历史功绩( )A .建立中央集权制度B .统一文字C .开疆拓土D .焚书坑儒3.右图是小华整理的学习笔记,请你根据笔记内容,概括他的学习主题( )A .江南的开发B .繁荣与开放的社会C .经济重心南移的完成D .民族关系的发展4.它是玄奘西行旅途中的见闻回忆录,它是研究古印度和中亚地区历史、佛教的典籍。
它是( )A .《唐本草》B .《大唐西域记》C .《西游记》D .《金刚经》5.“枯藤老树昏鸦,小桥流水人家。
古道西风瘦马,夕阳西下,断肠人在天涯。
”这首作品描绘了秋天旅人漂泊异乡的愁绪。
在文学形式上,它属于( )A .汉赋B .唐诗C .宋词D .元曲6.“印刷术、火药和指南针这三种东西,已改变了世界的面貌。
”对此材料解读不准确的是( )A .三大发明促进了中国社会的转型B .印刷术推动了世界文化的发展C .指南针为发现新大陆创造了条件D .火药加速了欧洲封建制度的崩溃7.“英国发动鸦片战争的主要目的是要除去中国设在经商道路上的无数障碍。
”下列《南京条约》及其附件的哪项内容最能体现英国这一意图( )A .中国割让香港岛给英国B .开放广州、厦门、福州、宁波、上海五处为通商口岸C .赔款2 100万元D .领事裁判权8.“臣窃闻东西各国之强,皆以立宪法开国会之故。
【真题】2018年湖南省株洲市中考英语试卷与 解析
2018年湖南省株洲市中考英语试卷一、语法填空(每题1分,共10分)1.(1.00分)There are two trees in my backyard.One is a Chinese date tree._____is also a Chinese date tree.()A.The other B.Other C.Another2.(1.00分)You look so weak! I think you_____go to see a doctor at once.()A.might B.should C.could3.(1.00分)All roads lead to Rome.The roads are just_____your feet.()A.under B.in C.on4.(1.00分)______beautiful the Shennong Lake is! Everyday I must take a walk there.()A.What a B.What C.How5.(1.00分)We are not allowed to laugh when we_____.()A.ate B.have eaten C.are eating6.(1.00分)He likes watching the fifth channel._____channel is about sports.()A.An B.The C.A7.(1.00分)People remember the first traveler from England____came to live in America.()A.which B.where C.who8.(1.00分)Polly has been ill for three days but she is a lot_____today.()A.best B.better C.good9.(1.00分)Many modem trains in the world_____in Zhuzhou.()A.are creaing B.created C.are created10.(1.00分)The boss was late for the meeting because his alarm clock didn't_____.()A.go off B.go out C.go on二、词语填空(1小题,计15分)11.(15.00分)"Xiao Yun has no coat for town and special events," Mama told Papa when he came in from the (1)"The cows can't be(2)now," he said."Are you sure Xiao Yun can't wear a hand﹣me﹣down?""Yes," Mama said.They took Xiao Yun to a store in town."Can I (3)you?" "A shop assistant asked."Our Xiao Yun needs a good coat," Papa said.They looked for coats for some time carefully."A (4)coat!" Xiao Yun cried."I want the pink coat." The coat was slippery and shiny inside.In the pink coat she looked like a spring flower."I'm afraid the pink coat will only (5)one year," Mama said."And there's no one to pass it on to," said Papa.Xiao Yun backed away.She wanted to be a flower."Xiao Yun!" It was Papa.He came over to (6)."You are old enough to know that you can't always have your own way," he said seriously.Xiao Yun slipped one arm from a sleeve(袖子)."It is her color,though," Mama said."Ah!" said the assistant."Anyone can (7)how the pink of the coat brings out the roses in her cheeks(面颊)."Papa looked thoughtful for a moment."We are (8)." Continued Mama,"that is only one little coat for Xiao Yun and not also new coats for Xiao Xuan and Xiao Qing."Papa rubbed his chin(下巴)."The cows can't give milk soon enough," he said."(9)how can we let Xiao Yun wear a brown coat when she looks like a flower in this one?""Papa!" Xiao Yun cried,slipping her (10)back into the empty sleeve.She threw her arms around Papa's neck."I do look like a flower,don't I?" She asked happily."Like a primrose in spring," Papa said.(1)A.farm B.school C.hospital(2)A.weighed B.fed C.milked(3)A.teach B.help C.trouble(4)A.blue B.pink C.brown(5)A.fit B.last C.shine(6)A.it B.them C.her(7)A.see B.promise C.draw(8)A.rich B.lucky C.busy(9)A.So B.And C.But(10)A.arm B.head C.hand三、阅读理解(5小题,计40分)12.( 4.00分)(1)How many branches are there in Zhuzhou?A.TwoB.ThreeC.Nine(2)This picture mainly introduces.A.sports classesB.sports programsC.sports clubs13.(6.00分)(1)How old is Xia Yu?A.28.B.30.C.32.(2)How many languages can Xia Yu speak?A.Two.B.Three.C.Four.(3)From the form we can see Xia Yu is very.A.helpfulB.StrictC.Careful14.(10.00分)Han Meimei did gymnastics all day ﹣﹣anytime,anywhere.This made her family angry."Han Meimei,enough!" said her family."I've got to go to a gym!" said Han Meimei."Too much money!" cried her parents."Then I'll earn it myself," said Han Meimei.She tried hard,but she didn't earn money because she often practiced gymnastics when working."Han Meimei,enough!" cried the neighbors.She walked toward the gym.She seated herself with others.A group of girls no older than Han Meimei tumbled(做空翻动作)on the floor.And about15beginners balanced on the beam(平衡木).Then she saw the sign:"Wanted:Gymnastics students to be Children Class teacher assistant.Talk at the front desk.""I'd like to be the children Class teacher assistant," she said."I see," said the woman at the desk,"How old are you?""14," said Han Meimei.Can you do gymnastics?" asked the woman.Han Meimei tumbled on the floor then and there."It appears you are excellent," said the woman."I think you may be just what we're looking for." Han Meimei smiled."There is one thing," said the woman."I'm afraid we don't pay in money.We pay with free classes.Would you still be interested?"Han Meiemei jumped so high that there was no doubt about her answer.She spent every afternoon at the gym,teaching and practicing.After that,the only place she heard anyone say "Han Meimei,enough!" was at the gym ﹣at closing time.(1)What made Han Meimei's family angry?A.Doing grmnastics too much.B.Wasting money.C.Practicing gymnastics when working.(2)The woman at the desk thought that Han Meimei was the right person for the A.coachB.managerC.assistant(3)What can Han Meimei get from the gym?A.Some money.B.Free classes.C.Some tickets.(4)From the passage,we know Han Meimei.A.never gave upB.sang very wellC.was always late for school(5)The passage mainly talks about.A.Han Meimei's fighting with her familyB.Han Meimei's teaching gymnasticsC.Han Meimei's practicing gymnastics15.(10.00分)Tracy was always hard﹣working and creative.She started a website called TEAM for girls when she was 16,and it's doing better than ever.TEAM now has 10million visits every month.When she was ten,Tracy drew four characters(人物).They are all girls,and they are good friends.She called them "Amazing Girls" The main amazing girl,Miss E,represents(代表)her younger sister Elizabeth.Amy writes stories,and Mary answers questions".Amazing Girls "finally became TEAM."TEAM" means "Together everyone achieves more."At that time,Tracy wanted a safe and warm site for girls,but she couldn't find one.So she decided to create one herself.At first,Tracy asked family members and friends for help.Her computer teacher also help her a lot.She created a small website."There was a homepage,which had the four characters and simple flash animations (动画)," Tracy says."It was very,very simple,but it was a start."Now it is a heaven for millions of girls.It has message boards,quizzes,games,music,and more girls can help each other with homework here.And they can also discuss fashion,dancing and singing stars.They feel free and comfortable.They have made their life mare fruitful and meaningful."I'm able to lean so much about culture around the world," Tracy says."The goal for the site was,and still is,to help young girls to believe in themselves."(1)How many visits does TEAM have every month now?A.10million.B.16million.C.17million.(2)What does Mary do?A.Answers questions.B.Draws characters.C.writes stories.(3)Why did Tracy decide to create a website?A.Because she wanted to make money.B.Because she couldn't find one for girls.C.Because her computer teacher asked her to create one.(4)Tracy started the site to help young girls to.A.do their homeworkB.dance and singC.believe in themselves(5)What can be the best title of the passage?A.Girls' SuccessB.Girls' WebsiteC.TEAM's Meaning16.(10.00分)Copenhagen is one of the best places in the world to be a bicyclist but there is a downside﹣﹣thousands of parked bicycles.Sometimes it gets out of control.In 2014,when Copenhagen got its Cycle Snake﹣a new bicycle﹣only bridge ﹣the city edged even closer to being a cyclists' paradise.There are in fact more bicycles in Copenhagen than people,five times as many bicycles as cars,and 400km of cycle lanes﹣not shared with cars or pedestrians (行人)﹣for a city of about 600,000people.This has many advantages,such as cleaner air and physical fitness.If only more thought had gone into what happens when riders get off.Cycle parking is a big problem here.Bikes are often parked on the pavement,taking up pedestrian space and blocking(堵住)entrances to shops and restaurants.Outside Copenhagen's central train station,where people often leave their bikes for the weekend,plenty of cyclists are fed up."There just isn't enough space," says Kirsten Hoeholt,a famous artiest.While 95% of cyclists in the city are happy with conditions for cyclists overall,only 29% are satisfied with cycle﹣parking facilities﹣down from 40% in 1996.One of Copenhagen's is that it has been growing rapidly.About 12,000people are moving to the city each year,while only 7,000new cycle parking spaces have been created over the last eight years.One Dutch idea on its way to Copenhagen is taking away the bikes that are parked in the wrong areas.Leave your bike in the wrong place and you could find that it has been moved to nearby bicycle facilities.A few years ago "bike﹣butlers" were introduced in some areas.The butlers pick up bicycles that have been knocked over,pump air into flat tyres and give the bike﹣chains a bit of oil,to thank people for parking properly.(1)The last "paradise" in the fourth line means.A.factoryB.companyC.heaven(2)there are about people in Copenhagen.A.120,000B.600,000C.700.00(3)Which of the following is NOT true?A.There are in fact more bicycles in Copenhagen than people.B.Only 29% are satisfied with cycle﹣parking facilities.C.About 7,000people are moving to the city each year.(4)The last paragraph tells us to.A.punish the bicyclistsB.encourage the bicyclistsC.take away the bikes(5)What does the passage mainly tell us?A.The parking of the bikes in Copenhagen.B.The repairing of the bikes in Copenhagen.C.The creating of the bikes in Copenhagen.四、双向翻译(共1个小题:满分10分)17.(10.00分)In our daily life,much plastic package is used just once and then thrown away.According to a new study from the University of California,9% of this is recycled,12% is burnt and 79% goes to landfill.And because most plastic doesn't biodegrade,once it's in the ground,it stays there.(1)The study also shows that eight million tons of plastic waste are pouring into the sea every year.Scientists have calculated the total amount of plastic ever made:8.3billion tons.That's as heavy as one billion elephants.And almost all of it has been made in the last 65years.(2)每个人都应该参与拯救地球.Protecting the environment is protecting ourselves.If the environment is taken good care of,we can have clean water and green mountains.(3)绿水青山或是金山银山.What can we do as students?Just say no to single﹣use plastics like straws,cups and bags.Many people love to drink from a straw or use plastic to carry things,but they are really bad for the environment.(4)Bring your own chopsticks if you're planning to eat outside.It can be hard to remember.Just put a pair of chopsticks in your bag before you leave home.You know you're going to need some water to get you through your day.So carry a bottle(or a cup)with you.(5)That will help you avoid plastic bottles.(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)五、阅读表达(共1个小题:满分10分)18.(10.00分)We live in Bedford,a town near London.My father is a hard﹣working pilot,so he doesn't have much time to look after us.When I was a kid,my mum liked to make breakfast food for dinner every now and then.And I remember one night in particular,when she had made breakfastfood after a long,hard day at hospital.On that evening so long ago,my mum placed a plate of eggs,sausage and terribly burnt biscuits in front of my dad.I remember waiting to see if anyone notices.Yet all my dad did was reach for a biscuit,smile at my mum and ask my brother and me how we had been doing at school.I don't remember what I told him that night,but I do remember watching him put butter and jelly on that biscuit and eat every bite!When I got up from the table that evening,I remember hearing my mum apologize to my dad for burning the biscuits.And I will never forget what he said," Honey,I love burnt biscuits."Later that night,I went to kiss my dad good night and I asked him if he really liked his biscuits burnt.He wrapped me in his arms and said," Your mum is really tired after a hard day's work.Besides,a little burnt biscuit could never hurt anyone.We have been married for 17years.She always cooks for me.Don't put the key to your happiness in someone else's pocked but into your own."(1)what is the father?(2)Where does the mother work?(3)How many people are there in the family?(4)How long have the mother and father been married?(5)Why did the father eat the burnt biscuits?六、情景作文(共1个小题,满分15分)19.(15.00分)假定你是李华,你在美国笔友Sam给你寄来的一本英语词典,你给他回赠一件具有中国特色的礼物,并发送一封电子邮件,包括以下内容:(1)说明你觉得他的礼物怎么样;(2)介绍你回赠的礼物的中国特色;(3)邀请他来中国观看冬季奥运会(the Olympic Games).注意:(1)词数80左右;(2)可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;(3)文中不能出现可能透露考生真实身份的任何信息.2018年湖南省株洲市中考英语试卷参考答案与试题解析一、语法填空(每题1分,共10分)1.(1.00分)There are two trees in my backyard.One is a Chinese date tree._____is also a Chinese date tree.()A.The other B.Other C.Another【分析】我家后院有两棵树,一棵是枣树,另一棵也是枣树.【解答】考查同义词.the other(两个中)另一个.other其它的,通常加名词.another(三个及以上之中)另一个.句意"我家后院有两棵树,一棵是枣树,另一棵也是枣树.".one…ther other…"一个…另一个…".固定搭配.故选:A.2.(1.00分)You look so weak! I think you_____go to see a doctor at once.()A.might B.should C.could【分析】你看起来很虚弱!我认为你应该马上去看医生.【解答】考查情态动词.A可能.B应该.C可以.句意"你看起来很虚弱!我认为你__马上去看医生.".可知,应该是"应该".故选:B.3.(1.00分)All roads lead to Rome.The roads are just_____your feet.()A.under B.in C.on【分析】条条大路通罗马,路就在你脚下.【解答】选项A:在……下面,选项B:在……里,选项C:在……上.结合句意:条条大路通罗马,路就在你脚下.故选:A.4.(1.00分)______beautiful the Shennong Lake is! Everyday I must take a walk there.()A.What a B.What C.How【分析】神农湖多美啊!每天我必须在那里散步.【解答】根据beautiful the Shennong Lake is! Everyday I must take a walk there!可知这里考查了感叹句,本句的中心词是beautiful ,它是一个形容词,根据How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语!故选:C.5.(1.00分)We are not allowed to laugh when we_____.()A.ate B.have eaten C.are eating【分析】我们吃饭的时候不允许笑.【解答】根据主句是一般现在时态,结合句子意思可知描述的是当我们吃饭的时候不允许笑.可知强调的是正在进行的动作,故确定为现在进行时态,其结构为is/am/are +现在分词,故填入are eating.故选:C.6.(1.00分)He likes watching the fifth channel._____channel is about sports.()A.An B.The C.A【分析】他喜欢看第五频道.这个频道是关于体育的.【解答】a/an是不定冠词,表泛指,an用于元音音素开头的单词前,a用于以辅音音素开头的单词;the是定冠词,用于特指.本结合句意:他喜欢看第五频道.这个频道是关于体育的.此处表示特指,应该是the.故选:B.7.(1.00分)People remember the first traveler from England____came to live in America.()A.which B.where C.who【分析】人们记得从英国来的第一个来美国定居的旅行者.【解答】根据题干可知这是一个定语从句,先行词是people,是人,应该用who 引导定语从句.结合句意:人们记得从英国来的第一个来美国定居的旅行者.故选:C.8.(1.00分)Polly has been ill for three days but she is a lot_____today.()A.best B.better C.good【分析】波莉病了三天了,但今天好多了.【解答】根据Polly has been ill for three days but she is a lot_____today,可知这里是今天和以前比较,应该用比较级形式.故选:B.9.(1.00分)Many modem trains in the world_____in Zhuzhou.()A.are creaing B.created C.are created【分析】世界上许多现代化列车都是在株洲制造的.【解答】根据该句描述的是客观事实,故确定为一般现在时态,又知主语Many modem trains 是谓语动词create的承受者,二者形成被动关系,故确定为被动语态,故该句的谓语动词为一般现在时态的被动语态,其结构为is/am/are +过去分词,故填入are created.故选:C.10.(1.00分)The boss was late for the meeting because his alarm clock didn't_____.()A.go off B.go out C.go on【分析】老板开会迟到了,因为他的闹钟没有响.【解答】选项A意为:发出响声,选项B意为:出去,选项C意为:继续.根据句意:老板开会迟到了,因为他的闹钟没有响.故选:A.二、词语填空(1小题,计15分)11.(15.00分)"Xiao Yun has no coat for town and special events," Mama told Papa when he came in from the (1)A"The cows can't be(2)C now," he said."Are you sure Xiao Yun can't wear a hand﹣me﹣down?""Yes," Mama said.They took Xiao Yun to a store in town."Can I (3)B you?" "A shop assistant asked."Our Xiao Yun needs a good coat," Papa said.They looked for coats for some time carefully."A (4)B coat!" Xiao Yun cried."I want the pink coat." The coat was slippery and shiny inside.In the pink coat she looked like a spring flower."I'm afraid the pink coat will only (5)A one year," Mama said."And there's no one to pass it on to," said Papa.Xiao Yun backed away.She wanted to be a flower."Xiao Yun!" It was Papa.He came over to (6)C."You are old enough to know that you can't always have your own way," he said seriously.Xiao Yun slipped one arm from a sleeve(袖子)."It is her color,though," Mama said."Ah!" said the assistant."Anyone can (7)A how the pink of the coat brings out the roses in her cheeks(面颊)."Papa looked thoughtful for a moment."We are (8)B." Continued Mama,"that is only one little coat for Xiao Yun and not also new coats for Xiao Xuan and Xiao Qing."Papa rubbed his chin(下巴)."The cows can't give milk soon enough," he said."(9)A how can we let Xiao Yun wear a brown coat when she looks like a flower in this one?""Papa!" Xiao Yun cried,slipping her (10)A back into the empty sleeve.She threw her arms around Papa's neck."I do look like a flower,don't I?" She asked happily."Like a primrose in spring," Papa said.(1)A.farm B.school C.hospital(2)A.weighed B.fed C.milked(3)A.teach B.help C.trouble(4)A.blue B.pink C.brown(5)A.fit B.last C.shine(6)A.it B.them C.her(7)A.see B.promise C.draw(8)A.rich B.lucky C.busy(9)A.So B.And C.But(10)A.arm B.head C.hand【分析】本文主要讲述的是农民一家人去买衣服的事情.女儿看上了那件很漂亮的粉色衣服,可是家里现在还没有足够的钱,所以父母就说服自己的孩子买了那件棕色的衣服.【解答】1.A,考查名词辨析,根据"The cows奶牛,可知是从农场回来,A农场,B学校,C医院,故选A.2.C,考查动词辨析,根据"The cows奶牛,可知是产奶,A称重,B喂食,C产奶,故选C.3.B,考查动词辨析,根据A shop assistant asked售货员询问,可知是询问需不需要帮忙,A教,B帮忙,C麻烦,故选B.4.B,考查形容词辨析,下文提到I want the pink coa想要粉色的外套,A蓝色,B粉色,C棕色,故选B.5.A,考查动词辨析,根据I'm afraid the pink coat will only..粉色的恐怕,后面提到一年,由此可知是只能穿一年,A适合,合身,B持续,C闪耀,故选A.6.C,考查代词辨析,根据You are old enough to know that you can't always have your own way可知此时父亲是在向女儿说话,A它,B他们,C她,故选C.7.A,考查动词辨析,根据how the pink of the coat brings out the roses in her cheeks 可知服务员说女儿穿上很好看,这是看出来的,A看,B承诺,C画画,选择A.8.B,考查形容词辨析,根据that is only one little coat for Xiao Yun and not also new coats for Xiao Xuan and Xiao Qing可知有衣服的是小云,很幸运,A富有,B幸运,C忙,故选B.9.A,考查连词辨析,上文提到The cows can't give milk soon enough奶牛没有产足够的奶,所以父亲建议买便宜的棕色,A所以,B并且,C但是,故选A.10.A,考查名词辨析,上文提到Xiao Yun slipped one arm from a sleeve脱下来一只袖子,所以此处说的是重新穿上,A胳膊,B头,C手,故选A.三、阅读理解(5小题,计40分)12.( 4.00分)(1)How many branches are there in Zhuzhou?AA.TwoB.ThreeC.Nine(2)This picture mainly introduces C.A.sports classesB.sports programsC.sports clubs【分析】本文主要介绍的是有关于运动俱乐部的广告,说明了培训的课目以及时间等信息.【解答】1.A,细节理解题,文中提到Two branches in Zhuzhou可知有两个分俱乐部,故选A.2.C,细节理解题,文中的标识符中出现sport clubs,由此可知介绍的是运动俱乐部相关的事情,故选C.13.(6.00分)(1)How old is Xia Yu?BA.28.B.30.C.32.(2)How many languages can Xia Yu speak?BA.Two.B.Three.C.Four.(3)From the form we can see Xia Yu is very A.A.helpfulB.StrictC.Careful【分析】本文是一个表格,是对夏雨的基本情况介绍,主要包括年龄、住址、国籍、海外经历和工作经历等.【解答】1.B.细节理解题.根据"Born,1988"可知,他出生在1988年,可以推算出现在30岁.故选B.2.B.细节理解题.根据"Languages,Chinese(mother language),English,French"可知,他会汉语、英语和法语三种语言.故选B.3.A.细节理解题.根据他的工作经历"gave speeches about Chinese culture helped students to study abroad worked as a volunteer English teacher in different schools"可知,他介绍中国文化,帮助学生出国留学,在不同学校当志愿者英语教师,所以说夏雨是很有帮助的.故选A.14.(10.00分)Han Meimei did gymnastics all day ﹣﹣anytime,anywhere.This made her family angry."Han Meimei,enough!" said her family."I've got to go to a gym!" said Han Meimei."Too much money!" cried her parents."Then I'll earn it myself," said Han Meimei.She tried hard,but she didn't earn money because she often practiced gymnastics when working."Han Meimei,enough!" cried the neighbors.She walked toward the gym.She seated herself with others.A group of girls no older than Han Meimei tumbled(做空翻动作)on the floor.And about 15beginners balanced on the beam(平衡木).Then she saw the sign:"Wanted:Gymnastics students to be Children Class teacher assistant.Talk at the front desk.""I'd like to be the children Class teacher assistant," she said."I see," said the woman at the desk,"How old are you?""14," said Han Meimei.Can you do gymnastics?" asked the woman.Han Meimei tumbled on the floor then and there."It appears you are excellent," said the woman."I think you may be just what we're looking for." Han Meimei smiled."There is one thing," said the woman."I'm afraid we don't pay in money.We pay with free classes.Would you still be interested?"Han Meiemei jumped so high that there was no doubt about her answer.She spent every afternoon at the gym,teaching and practicing.After that,the only place she heard anyone say "Han Meimei,enough!" was at the gym ﹣at closing time.(1)What made Han Meimei's family angry?AA.Doing grmnastics too much.B.Wasting money.C.Practicing gymnastics when working.(2)The woman at the desk thought that Han Meimei was the right person for the CA.coachB.managerC.assistant(3)What can Han Meimei get from the gym?BA.Some money.B.Free classes.C.Some tickets.(4)From the passage,we know Han Meimei.AA.never gave upB.sang very wellC.was always late for school(5)The passage mainly talks about.CA.Han Meimei's fighting with her familyB.Han Meimei's teaching gymnasticsC.Han Meimei's practicing gymnastics【分析】文章主要介绍了Han Meimei非常喜欢体操,到哪都喜欢跳,最终找到了即能跳体操,又不影响别人的工作,并且非常喜欢这份工作.【解答】1﹣5:ACBAC1.A 细节理解题,根据文中的第1段Han Meimei did gymnastics all day ﹣﹣anytime,anywhere.This made her family angry可知韩美美整天做体操﹣﹣随时随地.这让她的家人很生气,故答案是A.2.C 细节理解题,根据文中的第9段"Wanted:Gymnastics students to be Children Class teacher assistant招聘:体操学员成为儿童班主任助理和第15段It appears you are excellent," said the woman."I think you may be just what we're looking for"看来你很优秀,"女人说,"我想你可能正是我们想要的可知Han Meimei适合做这个助理,故答案是C.3.B 细节理解题,根据文中的倒数第3段"I'm afraid we don't pay in money.We pay with free classes恐怕我们不能付钱,我们免费上课可知Han Meimei 可以免费上课,故答案是B.4.A 归纳总结题,根据文中的前几段描述Han Meimei did gymnastics all day ﹣﹣anytime,anywhere.This made her family angry."Han Meimei,enough!" said her family."I've got to go to a gym!" said Han Meimei."Too much money!" cried her parents."Then I'll earn it myself," saidHan Meimei.She tried hard,but she didn't earn money because she often practiced gymnastics when working."Han Meimei,enough!" cried the neighbors.韩美美整天做体操﹣﹣随时随地.这让她的家人很生气."韩美美,够了!"她的家人说."我得去健身房!"韩美美说."太多钱了!"她的父母大声喊道."那我自己去挣,"韩美美说.她努力学习,但她没有挣钱,因为她经常在工作时练体操."韩美美,够了!"邻居们叫道.可知Han Meimei从未放弃做体操,故答案是A.5.C 主旨归纳题,根据文中的第1段Han Meimei did gymnastics all day ﹣﹣anytime,anywhere.This made her family angry可知韩美美整天做体操﹣﹣随时随地.这让她的家人很生气可知主要介绍的是Han Meimei 的体操练习,故答案是C.15.(10.00分)Tracy was always hard﹣working and creative.She started a website called TEAM for girls when she was 16,and it's doing better than ever.TEAM now has 10million visits every month.When she was ten,Tracy drew four characters(人物).They are all girls,and they are good friends.She called them "Amazing Girls" The main amazing girl,Miss E,represents(代表)her younger sister Elizabeth.Amy writes stories,and Mary answers questions".Amazing Girls "finally became TEAM."TEAM" means "Together everyone achieves more."At that time,Tracy wanted a safe and warm site for girls,but she couldn't find one.So she decided to create one herself.At first,Tracy asked family members and friends for help.Her computer teacher also help her a lot.She created a small website."There was a homepage,which had the four characters and simple flash animations (动画)," Tracy says."It was very,very simple,but it was a start."Now it is a heaven for millions of girls.It has message boards,quizzes,games,music,and more girls can help each other with homework here.And they can also discuss fashion,dancing and singing stars.They feel free and comfortable.They have made their life mare fruitful and meaningful."I'm able to lean so much about culture around the world," Tracy says."Thegoal for the site was,and still is,to help young girls to believe in themselves."(1)How many visits does TEAM have every month now?AA.10million.B.16million.C.17million.(2)What does Mary do?AA.Answers questions.B.Draws characters.C.writes stories.(3)Why did Tracy decide to create a website?BA.Because she wanted to make money.B.Because she couldn't find one for girls.C.Because her computer teacher asked her to create one.(4)Tracy started the site to help young girls to.CA.do their homeworkB.dance and singC.believe in themselves(5)What can be the best title of the passage?BA.Girls' SuccessB.Girls' WebsiteC.TEAM's Meaning【分析】文章主要介绍了Tracy 总是努力工作,富有创造力.她16岁时创办了一个名为"女孩团队"的网站,而且比以往任何时候都做得更好.【解答】1﹣5:AABCB1.A 细节理解题,根据文中的第2段TEAM now has 10million visits every month.可知每月有1000万次访问,故答案是A.2.A 细节理解题,根据文中的第2段Mary answers questions"可知玛丽回答问题,故答案是A.3.B 细节理解题,根据文中的第3段At that time,Tracy wanted a safe and warm site for girls,but she couldn't find one.So she decided to create one herself.可知当时,特雷西想要一个安全、温暖的女孩们的网站,但她找不到,于是她决定自己创作一个,故答案是B.4.C 细节理解题,根据文中的最后一段The goal for the site was,and still is,to help young girls to believe in themselves."可知这个网站的目标是,并且仍然是,帮助年轻女孩相信自己,故答案是C.5.B 主旨归纳题,根据文中的第1段Tracy was always hard﹣working and creative.She started a website called TEAM for girls when she was 16,and it's doing better than ever.可知主要介绍了Tracy 总是努力工作,富有创造力.她16岁时创办了一个名为"女孩团队"的网站,而且比以往任何时候都做得更好,故答案是B.16.(10.00分)Copenhagen is one of the best places in the world to be a bicyclist but there is a downside﹣﹣thousands of parked bicycles.Sometimes it gets out of control.In 2014,when Copenhagen got its Cycle Snake﹣a new bicycle﹣only bridge ﹣the city edged even closer to being a cyclists' paradise.There are in fact more bicycles in Copenhagen than people,five times as many bicycles as cars,and 400km of cycle lanes﹣not shared with cars or pedestrians (行人)﹣for a city of about 600,000people.This has many advantages,such as cleaner air and physical fitness.If only more thought had gone into what happens when riders get off.Cycle parking is a big problem here.Bikes are often parked on the pavement,taking up pedestrian space and blocking(堵住)entrances to shops and restaurants.Outside Copenhagen's central train station,where people often leave their bikes for the weekend,plenty of cyclists are fed up."There just isn't enough space," says Kirsten Hoeholt,a famous artiest.While 95% of cyclists in the city are happy with conditions for cyclists overall,only 29% are satisfied with cycle﹣parking facilities﹣down from 40% in 1996.One of Copenhagen's is that it has been growing rapidly.About 12,000people are moving to the city each year,while only 7,000new cycle parking spaces have been created over the last eight years.。
2018中考试题湖南省株洲市初中毕业学业考试语文试题卷-word
2018中考试题-湖南省株洲市2018年初中毕业学业考试语文试题卷2018年湖南株洲市初中毕业学业水平考试语文试卷及答案时量:120分钟满分:100分注意事项:1.答题前,请按要求在答题卡上填写好自己的姓名和准考证号。
2.答题时,切记答案要填在答题卡上,答在试题卷上的答案无效。
3.考试结束后,请将试题卷和答题卡都交给监考老师。
一、积累与运用(共23分)(一)单项选择题(共8分,每小题2分)1.下列词语中加点字的注音有错误的一项是( )(2分)A.堕落(duò) 弥漫(mí) 迥然不同(jiǒng)B.干瘪(biě) 叮嘱(shǔ) 苦心孤诣(zhǐ)C.取缔(dì) 蜷伏(quán) 叱咤风云(zhà)D.嗔视(chēn) 阻抑(yì) 面面相觑(qù)2.下列词语中有错别字的一项是( )(2分)A.磅礴逞辩惊慌失措疲惫不堪B.萧瑟诘问恪尽职守巧妙绝伦C.隔膜篷蒿鳞次栉比翻来复去D.稀疏烦躁迫不及待一气呵成3.下列文句的空缺处,依次填入的词语恰当的一组是( )(2分)①黄岩岛是中国固有领土,由海南省西南中沙群岛办事处实施行政。
②4月14日在美国南加大校园附近遇害的中国留学生的家人抵达洛杉矶,中国使领馆校方、警方等做好安抚家属、加紧侦破此案的工作。
③3D版《泰坦尼克号》首周票房收入便达四亿元人民币,登顶2018年上半年国内票房冠军宝座。
A.管辖督促指日可待B.管制监督屈指可数C.管制督促屈指可数D.管辖监督指日可待4.下列句子中没有语病的一句是( )(2分)A.糖就像烟草和酒精一样,是一种有潜在危害且容易让人上瘾。
B.没有谁不能不被最美老师张丽莉的英雄事迹感动。
C.李爷爷种的辣椒基本上全卖完了。
D.阅读名著是启迪心智、陶冶情操的有效途径。
(二)按原文默写 (共6分,每空1分)5.(1) ,草色入帘青。
湖南省株洲市中考思想品德真题试题
2018年中考道德与法治真题分类汇编共13套含答案.doc
2018年中考道德与法治真题分类汇编共13套含答案第一单元青春时光一.单选题(共19小题)1. (2018•广安)如图漫画体现了青春期学生()的矛盾心理。
A. 闭锁与开放B.独立与依赖C.半成熟与半不成熟D.顺从与叛逆【分析】本题考查青春期的烦恼。
青春期是人生的转折时期,是向成人过度的阶段,青春期由于生理与心理发育的不协调而产生矛盾,这是我们成长过程中正常的心理现象,我们要通过各种方式,借助各种力量调控心里矛盾,才能使自己即可成长。
【解答】漫画体现了青春期学生独立意识提高,渴望摆脱父母的约束,但同时依赖性仍然存在,是独立性与依赖的矛盾心理,所以B符合题意;闭锁与开放性的矛盾与漫画不符,A排除;C错误,青春期属于半成熟半幼稚期;青春期属于叛逆期,D与题干不符。
故选:Bo2. (2018-海南)“吾心信其可行,则移山填海之难,终有成功之日;吾心信其不可行,则反掌折枝之易,亦无收效之期也。
”这句话告诉我们,战胜困难需要()A.自尊B.理想C.自立D.信心【分析】题目考查自信含义与作用。
自信是成功的基石,成功离不开勇敢,勇敢需要自信, 自信使人有克服困难的勇气和自强不息的力量,自信能使人挖掘自身的潜能,实现自己的目标。
【解答】“吾心信其可行,则移山填海之难,终有成功之日;吾心信其不可行,则反掌折枝之易,亦无收效之期也。
”这句话告诉我们,战胜困难需要自信心,自信使人勇敢,会把握住好机会,有利于自己的成功,所以D符合题意;题干体现自信,与自尊、理想、自立不一致,ABC排除。
故选:Do3. (2018-云南)小孙经常独来独往,从不主动跟同学交流沟通,喜欢将自己闭锁起来。
这种心理状属于()A. 逆反心理B.从众心理C.闭锁心理D.虚荣心理【分析】本题考查青春期的闭锁心里及危害。
闭锁心理会使人产生孤独、郁闷、焦虑等情绪, 影响我们的正常交往,影响我们的进步与发展。
【解答】此题旨在考查学生对闭锁心理的认识。
根据教材知识,题文中的小孙经常独来独往, 从不主动跟同学交流沟通,喜欢将自己闭锁起来是青春期闭锁心理的表现,中学生进入青春期后,一方面,渴望被人理解和关注;另一方面,独立意识增强,又不愿意把自己的内心轻易表露出来,于是就产生了青春期常见的闭锁心理。
2018年湖南省株洲市中考语文试题及答案
绝密★启用前株洲市2018年初中毕业学业考试语文试题卷时量:150分钟满分:150分注意事项:1.答题前,请按要求在答题卡上填写好自己的姓名和准考证号。
2.答题时,切记答案要填在答题卡上,答在试题卷上的答案无效。
3.考试结束后,请将试题卷和答题卡都交给监考老师。
一、语言文字积累与运用(共29分)(一)单项选择题(共12分,每小题3分)1.下列词语中加点字的注音有错误的一组是A.迸.(bèng)发夹.(jiā)杂风驰电掣.(chè)白雪皑皑.(ái)B.桎梏.(kù)信笺.(jiān)咄.(duó)咄逼人怙恶不悛.(quān)C.毗.(pí)邻愤懑.(mèn)刚愎.(bì)自用拈.(niān)轻怕重D.谥.(shì)号埋.(mán)怨锃.(zèng)光瓦亮苦心孤诣.(yì)2.下列词语中全都正确的一组是A.蔓延不胫而走披星戴月沽名钓誉B.候鸟按步就班事必躬亲仗义直言C.精粹察言观色坚苦奋斗别出心裁D.偌大各行其事老马识图出人头地3.依次填入下面一段文字横线处的语句,衔接恰当的一组是端午节最令人期待的食物是粽子。
包粽子先要_______,_______,_______,_______,最后放进滚水里煮熟。
吃的时候撒上白糖或浇上糖稀,甜糯可口。
①用勺子把湿漉漉的糯米灌入、压紧②再翻过个儿包上③用五彩丝或马莲草绑上④把包粽子的苇叶卷成角形A.①④②③B.④①②③C.④①③②D.④③①②4.下列句子中没有语病的一句是A.她给我描绘了除夕农民包饺子,守岁到深夜,初一清晨全家在一起吃饺子,放鞭炮。
B.《标准汉语》的读者对象是为英语国家的中国留学生子女编写的一套汉语学习课本。
C.考古学者称,南极恐龙化石的发现强烈地证明地壳在进行缓慢但又不可抗拒的运动。
D.在学习和生活中,我们都应该注意培养自己观察问题、分析问题和解决问题的能力。
2018年湖南省株洲市中考化学试卷-答案
湖南省株洲市2018年初中毕业学业考试化学答案解析一、选择题1.【答案】B【解析】碘升华、研磨固体、海水晒盐都没有新物质生成,均为物理变化,A 、C 、D 错误;铜生锈有新物质生成,为化学变化,B 正确;故选B 。
【考点】化学变化和物理变化的判别。
2.【答案】B【解析】食用碱为碳酸钠,属于盐类,A 错误;烧碱为氢氧化钠,属于碱类,B 正确;纯碱为碳酸钠,属于盐,C 错误;生石灰为氧化钙,属于氧化物,D 错误;故选B 。
【考点】碱的定义。
3.【答案】C【解析】加热液体时,试管内液体体积不能超试管容积的三分之一,①错误;胶头滴管使用时应在试管上方垂直悬空滴加,不能接触试管内壁,②错误;取用块状固体时试管横持,用镊子将固体药品放在试管口处,再直立试管使其滑入试管底,③正确;二氧化碳密度比空气大,收集时应长导管进入,短导管排出空气,④正确;故选C 。
【考点】实验基本操作。
4.【答案】A【解析】缺铁易患贫血;故选A 。
【考点】营养元素和人体健康的关系。
5.【答案】B【解析】2HNO 中氮元素的化合价为+3价,A 错误;3NaClO 中氯元素的化合价为+5价,B 正确;4KMnO 中锰元素的化合价为+7价,C 错误;3FeCl 中铁元素的化合价为+3价,D 错误;故选B 。
【考点】化合价的计算。
6.【答案】C【解析】由题意可知气体的扩散速率与相对分子质量的平方根成反比,即相对分子质量越大,扩散速率越小,氢气的相对分子质量是2,氮气的相对分子质量是28,氯气的相对分子质量是71,二氧化碳的相对分子质量是44,氯气的相对分子质量最大,则扩散速率最小;故选C 。
【考点】相对分子质量的计算。
7.【答案】B【解析】金的元素符号为Au。
【考点】元素符号的书写。
8.【答案】A【解析】大量直接焚烧生活垃圾会造成空气污染,A符合题意;用人畜粪便等废弃物制得甲烷作燃料可以减少污染,B不符合题意;将煤脱硫后再综合利用可以减少二氧化硫等有害气体的排放,可以减少污染,C 不符合题意;大力推广使用太阳能、风能等绿色能源可以减少污染,D不符合题意;故选A。
株州2018中考化学试题及答案
绝密★启用前株洲市2018年初中毕业学业考试化学试题卷时量:90分钟满分:100分注意事项:1.答题前,请按要求在答题卡上填写好自己的姓名和准考证号。
2.答题时,切记答案要填在答题卡上,答在试题卷上的答案无效。
3.考试结束后,请将试题卷和答题卡都交给监考老师。
可能用到的相对原子质量:H:1 C:12 O:16 Na:23 Cl:35.5 Cu:64OAwx4LIQyD一、选择题<以下各题均只有一个正确答案,每小题2分,共40分)1.下列物质属于纯净物的是A.盐酸B.蒸馏水C.铝合金D.石灰石2.下列变化中属于物理变化的是A.潮湿的衣服经太阳晒干了B.铜在潮湿的空气中有绿色物质生成C.花生M霉变了D.银白色的镁条在空气中慢慢失去光泽高温3.已知:2Al+Fe2O3 Al2O3+2Fe,该反应放出大量的热量使得生成的铁融化,可以用于野外焊接钢轨,该反应的基本类型属于A.化合反应B.分解反应C.置换反应D.复分解反应4.自然界的水因含有许多杂质而需要净化,下列操作中不能使水得到净化的是A.蒸馏B.活性炭吸附C.加入肥皂水D.过滤5.两个软塑料瓶中分别充满CO和CO2两种无色气体,下列试剂不能将二者鉴别出来的是A.澄清石灰水B.水C.紫色石蕊试液D.氯化钠固体6.下列各组物质间能发生化学反应的是A.银和稀盐酸B.铁和硫酸锌溶液C.硝酸钾溶液和食盐水D.硫酸和氯化钡溶液7.下列说法错误的是A .“墙内开花墙外香”说明分子是不断运动的B .分子是保持物质化学性质的最小粒子C .原子是化学变化中的最小粒子D .水在通电的条件下能生成氢气和氧气,说明水是由氢气和氧气组成的8.下列图示实验操作中正确的是.9.葡萄糖是重要的糖类物质,其化学式为C6H12O6,下列有关它的叙述错误的是A .葡萄糖是由碳、氢、氧三种元素组成的B .一个葡萄糖分子由6个碳原子和6个水分子构成C .葡萄糖中碳元素、氢元素与氧元素的质量之比为6:1:8D .在人体组织里,葡萄糖在酶的作用下经缓慢氧化转变成二氧化碳和水10.今年,株洲市成为了“全国低碳交通试点城市”,市委书记陈君文参加央视《城市1对1》节目录制时表示:要把株洲建成“自行车之都”,倡导全民骑自行车出行。
株洲市2018年参考答案
株洲市2018年初中学业水平考试语文参考答案及评分标准一、语言文字积累与运用(共29分)(一)1. B 2. A 3. B 4.D 8.C 12.C 22.A(每小题3分)(二)5.(每句1分,句中出现错别字,该句不得分,共8分)(1)不畏浮云遮望眼,自缘身在最高层(2)长风破浪会有时,直挂云帆济沧海(3)谈笑有鸿儒,往来无白丁(4)择其善者而从之,其不善者而改之(三)6.答题要点:符合课堂师生对话或问答的日常情境;能点出问题,化解尴尬,智慧应答,自圆其说。
示例①小红:老师,您刚才好像把“鸿鹄”念成了“鸿浩”。
老师:小红敢当面指出老师的错误(敢于提出质疑)值得表扬。
敢于挑战权威的勇气(大胆质疑的精神)是实现鸿鹄(hú)之志的重要品质。
示例②小红:老师,大家是对您关于“鸿鹄(hú)之志”的调侃心领神会啦。
老师:不错。
我就想试试,同学们是不是能听出北大校长的读音错误。
(“鸿鹄(hú)之志”最近因为北大林校长念错而成为“热词”。
)7.(1)美国的天然气价格远比东亚便宜。
(答:美国与东亚的天然气价格差逐年缩小。
不给分)(2)近年来,我国天然气进口量越来越大,对外依存度越来越强(1分),且短期内都将呈快速(明显)上升趋势(1分)。
(3)(多)从美国进口天然气。
(2分)二、现代文阅读(共37分)(一)8.C(原文:“进入宋朝”,C选项“在宋朝以后”)9. 跪拜礼的变迁既是礼仪流变也是时代精神蜕变的表现。
(或原文:跪拜礼的变迁,绝不仅仅是礼仪流变,背后其实是时代精神蜕变的投影。
答出“跪拜礼的变迁”1分,答出“精神的蜕变”1分;用上述原文作答给2分。
)10. 答案要点:①因为宋朝人(基本上都不用跪礼,)通常都是用揖逊、叉手表示礼节。
所以,文天祥用揖礼(1分);②因为跪拜带有明显的尊卑色彩(屈辱、卑贱之意)。
(1分);③文天祥有可贵的民族气节,不屈不挠(2分)。
所以他“长揖不跪”。
11.要点:结合所举之物,写出改变的具体内容和改变的原因。
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湖南省株洲市2018年中考思想品德试题部门: xxx时间: xxx制作人:xxx整理范文,仅供参考,可下载自行修改绝密★启用前株洲市2018年初中毕业学业考试思想品德试题卷时量:90分钟满分:100分注意事项:1.答题前,请按要求在答题卡上填写好自己的姓名和准考证号。
2.答题时,切记答案要填在答题卡上,答在试题卷上的答案无效。
3.考试结束后,请将试题卷和答题卡都交给监考老师。
一、精挑细选、体验成功<每小题只有一个最佳答案。
每小题2分,共32分)1.2018年10月9日上午在北京人民大会堂隆重举行纪念辛亥革命大会。
A.60周年B.80周年C.90周年D.100周年2.2018年 12月16日,在瑞士日内瓦国际会议中心举行的世界贸易组织<WTO)第八届部长级会议上,正式批准加入世贸组织。
Hn7tsi3MLGA.俄罗斯B.巴西C.古巴D.朝鲜3.中央精神文明建设指导委员会2018年3月2日作出决定,授予同志“当代雷锋”荣誉称号。
Hn7tsi3MLGA.吴菊萍B.张丽莉C.杨善洲D.郭明义4.2018年3月5日温家宝在《政府工作报告》中指出:今年国内生产总值增长的预期目标是,这是自2005年以来中国首次调低GDP增速预期目标。
Hn7tsi3MLGA.5.5% B.6.5% C.7.5% D.8.5%5.在十字路口,尽管车杂人多,可由于行人车辆各行其道,红灯停绿灯行,穿梭有序,结果有条不紊,道路畅通无阻。
这表明Hn7tsi3MLGA.法律是人民意志和利益的体现B.法律能制裁违法犯罪C.法律既有规范作用又有保障作用D.规则是人们做事所依据的标准6.我国是一个统一的多民族国家,为了保障少数民族地区的人民当家做主的权利,在少数民族聚居地区实行的一项基本政治制度是Hn7tsi3MLGA.中国共产党领导的多党合作和政治协商制度B.一国两制C.人民代表大会制度D.民族区域自治制度7.右图漫画“不敢坐”启示我们A.要学会尊重他人B.要遵守公共规则C.要注意讲究个人卫生D.要遵守职业道德8.校车安全牵动每个人的心。
2018年11月27日,温家宝总理在参加全国妇女儿童工作会议时称:已责成有关单位制定校车标准,完善资金投入方案,严格责任追究制,对发生的严重事故要依法严肃处理。
温总理如此高度重视校车安全问题,是因为Hn7tsi3MLG①未成年人社会生活经验相对缺乏②未成年人辨别是非能力不强,自我保护能力较弱③未成年人自身的合法权利受到不法侵害时往往还意识不到④目前校车安全问题形势严峻A.①②③ B.①②③④ C.②③④ D.①②④ 9.2018年6月30日,十一届全国人大常委会第二十一次会议表决通过关于修改《个人所得税法》的决定,将个人所得税免征额由原来的2000元提高到3500元。
这表明全国人民代表大会具有Hn7tsi3MLGA.选举权B.监督权C.立法权D.任免权10.刘伟,2018年度感动中国十大人物,10岁时因一场事故而被截去双臂,但他凭借坚强的意志,14岁时夺得全国残疾人游泳锦标赛两枚金牌,22岁成为世界上用脚打字最快的人,23岁登上了维也纳金色大厅舞台。
他创造的奇迹表明:坚强的意志Hn7tsi3MLG①可以激发人的潜能②可以帮助人们持之以恒,战胜困难,创造生命的奇迹③可以使不可能变成可能④一定能帮助人们取得成功A.①②③ B.②③④ C.①③④ D.①②③④ 11.2018年政府工作报告提出,完善和落实促进非公有制经济发展的各项政策措施,打破垄断,放宽准入,鼓励民间资本进入铁路、市政、金融、电信、教育等领域。
这说明Hn7tsi3MLG①非公有制经济是我国经济制度的基础②非公有制经济在促进经济增长方面发挥着重要的作用③非公有制经济是生产资料归部分劳动者所有的一种经济形式④国家鼓励、支持非公有制经济的发展A.①③ B.②③ C.①④ D.②④12.针对我国的人口问题,漫画“地球的眼泪”形象地说明了A.人类与地球是不能和谐相处的B.人多力量大C.我国人口问题无法解决D.我国人口的过多和过快增长,对自然生态环境造成了巨大的压力13.维护稳定的民族关系,是我们应尽的责任与义务。
在日常生活中,我们应该做到①尊重各民族的宗教信仰②尊重各民族的一切决定③尊重各民族的风俗习惯④尊重各民族的语言文字A.①②③ B.①③④ C.③④ D.②③④ 14.孔子曰:“友直,友谅,友多闻,益矣。
”这句话告诫我们在交友时,要选择做朋友。
A.讲哥们义气的人B.与自己志趣相投的人C.经常说我好话的人D.正直、诚信、见多识广的人15.有位著名的漫画家曾告诉年轻一代:这世界多么广大,你们要呼吸的空气和表演的舞台不再局限于你们的国家,而是整个世界。
这说明Hn7tsi3MLGA.经济全球化把世界联结成一个不可分割的有机整体B.政治多极化成为当代世界发展的趋势C.我们需要树立平等、开放、参与的全球观念D.和平与发展是我们的共同企盼16.如果遭遇洪水,我们自救的方法是①迅速向山坡、高地安全转移②利用通讯工具寻求援助③寻找和利用体积较大的漂浮物④利用掌握的游泳技术自救A.①②③B.②③④ C.①②③④D.①②④ 二、明辨是非、提高能力<正确的选“T”,错误的选“F”,每小题1分,共8分)17.< )中学时期是人生发展的唯一“黄金期”,也是个人自我定位、自我发展的重要时期。
18.< )创造成功的记录,选准适当的目标是非常重要的。
19.< )公民在超市购物时遭到非法搜身是侵犯公民隐私权的行为。
20.< )诚信是个人获得社会认同的重要条件,是个人走向未来的通行证。
21.< )在社会主义初级阶段,我国各族人民的共同理想是全面建设小康社会。
22.< )霸权主义仍然在影响着世界的和平与发展,世界并不太平。
23.< )承受适当的学习压力是我们快乐学习的必要内容。
24.< )发现山体滑坡时,要迅速向安全的地方撤离。
逃离时,以向两侧跑为佳。
三、言简意赅、启迪智慧<简要回答下列问题,每小题8分,共24分)25.2018年5月1日,株洲市二医院护士何瑶在护理80岁的患者时,突然遭到失去理智患者的殴打,头部和肘部多处受伤,被打晕在地。
醒来的瞬间,发现患者正在跳楼,面对危急,何瑶强忍痛苦,不顾一切死死抓住跳楼的病人,成功挽救了一条宝贵的生命。
何瑶的事迹感动着株洲,感动着湖南,中共株洲市委向全市人民发出了向何瑶同志学习的决定,省共青团授予她“湖南省优秀共青团员”的荣誉称号。
Hn7tsi3MLG<1)何瑶感动着你的优秀品质是什么?<至少从两个角度回答)<2分)<2)何瑶从一名普通护士成长为大家学习的榜样,这对你有何启示?<6分)26.动物王国正在森林中召开一场趣味运动会,兔子和乌龟仍然是一对赛跑的老对手。
裁判员狮子宣布了比赛的规则:赛道上有深0.6M,坡度接近90度的山沟和宽12M的小河,在规定的时间内,越过障碍到达终点者为最终获胜者。
一声哨响,比赛开始了……Hn7tsi3MLG请你简要续写比赛的过程和结果,并说明理由。
<8分)27.“黄昏我站在高高的山冈,看那铁路修到我家乡,一条条巨龙翻山越岭,为雪城高原送来安康。
那是一条神奇的天路哎,把人间的温暖送到边疆,从此山不再高路不再漫长,各族儿女欢聚一堂……”这首《天路》唱出了西藏人民幸福的心声。
Hn7tsi3MLG <1)“各族儿女欢聚一堂”为我们描绘了一幅怎样的民族关系画面?<2分)<2)为了促进少数民族地区的经济发展,提高人民生活水平,党和政府采取了哪些具体措施?<6分)四、学知明理、感悟生活<每小题12分,共24分)28.阅读下列材料,回答相关问题。
材料一:宪法规定“中华人民共和国实行依法治国,建设社会主义法治国家”。
依法治国是党领导人民治理国家的基本方略。
Hn7tsi3MLG材料二:某县委、县政府为了发展地方经济,决定建设“工业园区”,以吸引投资者。
由于资金短缺,竟违规在工薪阶层强行集资。
凡工薪人员,必须按县政府规定的标准,在规定的时间交清集资款,否则“后果自负”。
这件事引起了全县工薪人员,特别是收入偏低而工资又被拖欠的中小学教师的强烈不满和反对。
他们为了维护自身的合法权益,纷纷以写信、打电话、发邮件等方式,向中央新闻媒体反映。
中央电视台《焦点访谈》栏目以“发展经济,法字当头”为题予以曝光。
最后,县委、县政府撤销了强行集资的规定。
Hn7tsi3MLG <1)忆一忆:实施依法治国,建设社会主义法治国家的基本要求是什么?<4分)<2)想一想:“被集资”的工薪人员还可以通过什么方式行使监督权?<2分)他们应该怎样正确行使这一权利?(2分>Hn7tsi3MLG <3)谈一谈:公民行使监督权的意义是什么?<4分)29.材料一:2018年12月16日,胡锦涛在隆重庆祝天宫一号与神舟八号交会对接任务圆满成功大会上讲话强调,天宫一号与神舟八号交会对接成功,是建设创新型国家的又一标志性成果,是中华民族为人类探索利用外层空间作出的又一卓越贡献。
建设创新型国家,最关键的是要大幅提高自主创新能力。
Hn7tsi3MLG材料二:温家宝总理在《求是》杂志上发表的《关于科技工作的几个问题》一文中指出:提高全民族科学素养,最重要的是加快发展教育,提高全体人民的受教育水平。
Hn7tsi3MLG请阅读材料,回答下列问题:<1)天宫一号与神舟八号对接成功,体现了我国哪些重大发展战略?<2分)材料一中提到“建设创新型国家,最关键的是要大幅提高自主创新能力。
”对此,你是如何理解的?<6分)Hn7tsi3MLG <2)请运用所学知识分析发展科技与振兴教育的关系。
<4分)五、探究创新、积极实践<共12分)30.2018年10月15日至18日,中国共产党第十七届中央委员会第六次全体会议审议通过了《中共中央关于深化文化体制改革、推动社会主义文化大发展大繁荣若干重大问题的决定》。
据此,湖南省、株洲市先后结合地方特色,分别作出“文化强省”和“文化强市”的决策。
株洲某校初三学生围绕“文化强市,人人有责”这一主题,开展研究性学习,请你参与其中。
Hn7tsi3MLG【追溯文化】同学们在调查中发现,株洲有着1800年历史,是一座文化底蕴深厚的城市,境内有距今1500多年的资福寺、鲁班殿,有杜甫、朱熹、张栻等历史名人赞咏株洲的诗篇……在长期的文化传承、交流和发展中,株洲形成了鲜明的文化特色,汇聚了丰富的文化资源。
Hn7tsi3MLG<1)从调查中,你还了解到株洲有哪些地方特色文化资源?<至少写两点)<2分)【感悟文化】随着调查研究的深入,同学们认识到株洲市委市政府对文化强市十分重视。