研究生英语多维教程——课后答案

研究生英语系列教程·多维教程·熟谙－英语课后答案
Book II
Unit 1
A.
1.????assess
2.????alliance
3.????outcome
4.????ethical
5.????identity
6.????ambiguous
7.????tolerable
8.????participates
9.????pursuit
10.????constructive
B.
1.????at stake
2.????were obliged
3.????the climate of
4.????feel well-equipped
5.????beyond my grasp
6.????cut back
7.????other than
8.????rise above
9.????care about
10.????is bounded
C.
1.????incompetent
2.????indulgence
3.????migrants
4.????probes
5.????complex
6.????suspense; engaged
7.????compassionate; committed
8.????tolerant
9.????tempted
10.????interconnected
D.
1.????A. Judging from
2.????B. in which
3.????C. and
4.????D. believe
5.????A. is one of/ is that of
6.????B. must get
7.????C. likely
8.????D. unemployed
9.????C. as well as/ and
10.????B. simpler
E.
1.????what
2.????graduation
3.????intend
4.????getting
5.????eventually
6.????survey
7.????although
8.????graduates
9.????transfer
10.????rise
11.????attending
12.????instead
13.????cause
14.????because
15.????attending
16.????below
17.????failure
18.????expectations
19.????confidence
20.????education
Key to the translation from English to Chinese:
1.????德.汤说过，一切进步，一切发展均来自挑战及由此引起的反应。

|| 没有挑战就没有反
应，没有发展，没有自由。

|| 所以，我们首先应该在我们孩子的能力允许的范围内为他们
开设最严格最富有挑战性的课程。

2.????们可以向我们的孩子提供第二个机会是允许他们有失败的权力。

||德.纽伊写道：“不仅是一种特权，也是一种考验。

”如果没有人可以失败，那它算什么考验，算什么自由呢？||美国可以向所有在高中读者完四年课程而不管其是否取得任何明显收获的学生发放毕
业文凭的日子已经一去不复返了。

|| 我们现在生活在一个外变得很狭隘的世界里，们必须
同对现实保持警觉，有所认识；而现实主义要求树立一个要么成功要么失败的标准。

||这
些话听起来很刺耳，但都是残酷的事实。

如果我们剥夺了孩子的失败权力，实际上我们就
剥夺了他们如实地认识世界的机会。

Key to the translation from Chinese to English:
1.????Today's university students are struggling to establish themselves, but the y still have ambiguous feelings about their future.
2.????A man cannot find himself without finding a center beyond hi. So the idea li
sm of the undergraduate experience must help the student transcend himself.
3.????We eagerly hope that the lessons leaned in the university will reveal them s
elves in our performance in the workplace and further education.
4.????It cannot go unchallenged to say that the 4-year undergraduate experienc
e i
s the only path to success in life.
5.????We run the risk of making critical decisions, not on the basis of what we k
now, the findings of investigations, and the data of experiments, but on the b asis of blind faith in professed experts.
6.????Our task needs a large group of well-informed, caring young people who can
band together, learn from each other, and actively participate in the four mod ernizations.
7.????If it is to endure, the new school should help the students not only acquir
e a sold basic education and become competent in a specific field, but also be ready to commit themselves to others.
8.????It is not too much to say that if undergraduates excessively devote thems el
ves to examinations, the will push competence and commitment to the fringes.
9.????I didn't even speak to him; much less discuss the reconstruction of your s c
hool with him.
10.????Some people think examinations are second to none, but some think ex aminat
ions have a lot of disadvantages. Examinations leave us an open essential ques tion --- what influence do examinations exert on education?
Reading Practice:
1.C
2.A
3.A
4.D.
5.B
Unit 2
A.????1-H
2-I
3-A
4-E
5-K
6-N
7-L
8-G
9-D
10-C
B.????1. perception
2. responsibility
3. organizational
4. marketing
5. strategies
6. assets
7. transitions
8. dilemma
9. Rivalry
10. compensation
11. whiz
12. invaluable
C.????1. Justify, justification, justifiable, justifiably, justified
2. strategic, strategy, Strategics/Strategy, strategists, strategized, strateg ically
3. finance, financial, financier, finance, Financially
4. resentful, resents, resentment, resentfully
5. perceive, perception, perceptible, perceptive, perceptibly
6. diverse, diversify, diversity, diversification, diversified
7. destroyed, destructive, destruction, destructionist, destroyers, destroying , destructible
8. markets, marketable, markets, marketing, marketer
9. prosperity, prospering, prosperous, prosperously
10. derived, derive, derivative, derivatives
D.
1.????A. it even harder
2.????A. that
3.????C. not taking enough exercise
4.????C. to have gone back on
5.????B. functioning
6.????D. on
7.????A. object to seeing
8.????B. to go with it
9.????A. to expanding
10.????A. anxiously awaiting
E.
1.????manufacturers
2.????natural
3.????treatment
4.????experienced
5.????approached
6.????relatively
7.????global
8.????chaired
9.????sustainable
10.????vision
11.????extended
12.????improving
13.????accomplish
14.????array
15.????involvement
16.????activity
17.????rewarded
18.????proposals
19.????domestic
20.????competitors
Key to the Translation from English to Chinese:
Ａ
业主/企业创建者不仅进取心强，而且精力充沛。

|| 他们往往擅长于多种技能。

在很多情况之下，他们即是生产专家又是营销天才或经验丰富的金融家。

|| 要接替他们的工作则需
要很多的人。

|| 因此家庭企业主应当通过制定组织机构图来明确规定该企业怎样运作。

| | 参予交接过程的每个主要成员也应当制定他们自己的组织构图。

然后,•对它们进行比较。

|| 各机构之间的不同点将表明管理体制上的差异、存在误会的主要方面及观念上分歧。

没有忠心耿耿雇员,很少企业能够发展壮大，|| 即使是家庭企业也是如此。

这些尽职的雇员多半担任了主要管理职务。

|| 因此，应当将关于产业继承的长远计划随时通报给他们，|| 而主要的企业管理人员必须清楚知道他们在产业交接管理机构中的职责。

|| 改进企业的劳保福利制度以吸引和留住主要部门经理,激发他们的积极性,使他们能为企业和业主
的
最大利益而工作
Key to the Translation form Chinese to English:
1. He is an experienced banker and an acknowledged trade expert, not to menti o
n an excellent managing director.
2. Regardless of danger, volunteers from an Italian organization for peace hav
e gone to Baghdad, the capital o
f Iraq, to form a "body shield" for the purpos
e o
f preventin
g the US from bombing the place.
3. Nobody in the family is more dedicated to operating the real estate busines
s than Judy.
4. Because of the economic depression, real estate agents are in the dilemma o
f whether to lower prices or let sales fall off.
5. More often than not, Mr. Smith earns great profits by careful investment of
his capital.
6. John did not make much of a mark in his studies at school, but he excelled at sports.
7.Ordrly transition of responsibilities is a condition for the long-range pros
perity of a family business.
8. You had better have a clear picture of prospects before formulating a plan for investment.
9. Although sculpture is a time-consuming art, there are still some people fol lowing it as a profession.
10. The software company is in the midst of being transformed from an individu al proprietorship to a joint venture.
Q1 1) Plan a succession management. 2) Define family employment practices 3) E
stablish and maintain family harmony 4) Plan the estate.
Q2 1) Seating an outside board of directors. 2) Developing a family business v ision document. 3) Holding family council meetings.
Unit 3
Suggested Key to Vocabulary and Structure
A. 1 -d 2 - f 3 - j 4 - a 5 - i6 - h 7 - g 8 - e 9 - c 10- b
1. mobility
2. toll
3. accommodate
4. landscape
5. sprawled
6. implement
7. le gitimate
8. transit
9. electrified 10. pickup
B.1. Integral 2. better off 3. sprawling 4. emissions 5. metropolitan 6. ban 7
. commuters 8. clutter 9. accommodate 10. displaced
C.1. from coast to coast 2. the great unwashed 3.revere 4.denounce 5. tore up
6. Short of
7. are noted for
8. constriction
9. was guilty of 10. well off
D.1. C. overcrowded 2. B. worthy 3. A. sitting 4. D. recovered 5. D. in nonsmo kers and nondrinkers 6. D. poured 7. B. unaware of 8. C. recent 9. C. out of t he question 10. B. understands
E.1. move 2. drive 3. down 4. wheels 5. out 6. without 7. majority 8. imagine
9.realize 10. plagued 11. burns 12. that 13.to 14. what 15. But 16.done 17. al together 18.on 19. electricity 20. practical
A.在历史上，吉普车以其能适应各种路况的出众性能而着称于世。

这种美名可以追溯到二
战期间，当时由威利斯公司提供的最初型号的吉普车载着盟军部队驰骋于太平洋沿岸及欧
洲战场。

<<麦氏汽车驾驶大全>>一书认为，“吉普”这个名字起源于美国军队决定把这种车辆叫做GP（for General Purpose）即多功能车之意。

而后，GP这两个字母的读音被误发成为“吉
普”，并成为威利斯公司享有的商标名称。

1988年吉普为克莱斯勒公司所有，此后该公司投入了大量资金更新改造吉普车的生产设备
，提高吉普车的产量并开发各种新车型应市。

克莱斯勒公司称吉普车在战争年代享有的盛
名以及其坚固耐用的形象无疑会有助于它在和平时期树立其作为休闲娱乐车的新形象。

该
公司说，吉普为休闲，越野车开发了新市场，它有强劲的4轮牵引装置（商业上称为4轮驱
动），过去军用吉普车曾因此而享誉四方。

B.1. The automobile was improved very rapidly after it was invented and soon d isplaced horses.
2. We may have to cut down on the number of privately owned cars and depen
d mo
re on public mass transit systems because cars pollute and maim or even kill p eople.
3. While wheels (automobiles) have brought with them better or more convenient transportation, they are guilty of many sins, such as air pollution, traffic accidents and traffic congestion.
4. Americans are noted for their love for cars and great job mobility.
5. If only advances in fuel quality and efficiency and in technology would rad ically reduce the emissions from automobiles.
6. A highly developed highway network has made possible the easy movement f rom
coast to coast in the United States.
7. The very thought of the speed at which the beautiful avenue was constructed electrified every visitor; the road had only recently been torn up to lay dra
in-pipes not long ago.
8. Environmentalists have denounced automobiles, believing they are a major fa ctor in the production of dirty air.
9. Many new residential complexes have risen up in the suburbs of metropolitan cities because of the availability of convenient public transportation.
10. Despite their love for cars, many people lend credence to the extensive us
e o
f the public transport system, which can cut down on traffic congestion.
Unit 4
Key to the stylistic comprehension of the text:
1.??Part One is from paragraph __3__ to paragraph ___6__.
Part two is from paragraph __7__ to paragraph __14___.
Part three is from paragraph __15__ to paragraph __17___.
2.??The five reasons for deciding to remain childless brought forward by the o utspoken couple William Peck and Ellen Peck are
A. They attach more importance to freedom,. Spontaneity, privacy and leisure.
B. They want to give their efforts to the community.
C. They fear that the younger generation will suffer from overpopulation as th ey do now.
D. They are afraid of divorce and child abuse.
E. They are not sure whether they can become good parents.
3. According to a professor of child psychiatry, the three reasons why many yo ung people are not so interested in family life as their parents are:
A. Parenthood life requires them to give up many things.
B. There are many other opportunities for women to find meaning in their lives .
C. They are concerned about their future and the future of their children.
Vocabulary and Structure
A.
1. a. coercive???????? b. coerced
2. a. preoccupation????b. preoccupied
3. a. reluctant???????? b. reluctance
4. a. adolescent?????? b. adolescence
5. a. implication?????? b. implicit
6. a. ambivalent?????? b. adolescence
7. a. maintenance??????b. maintainability
8. a. privacy??????????b. private
9. a. enthusiasm?????? b. enthusiasts
10. a . tolerance????????b. tolerable
11. a. statisticians??????b. statistically
12. a. rational??????????b. rationality
B.
1. cared for??
2. in terms of
3. lies behind
4. rings a bell
5. passed on to
6. went against
7. lining up
8. chiming in
9. am open to
10. brought up
C.
1.????have evidenced—has evidenced
2.????that prevailed—that had prevailed
3.????associating—associated
4.????raise—raising
5.????on—to
6.????on—to
7.????reluctance—willingness
8.????have—having
9.????are the center—are not the center
10.????This reflects—This is reflected
D.
1.????Adolescents
2.????involved
3.????fact
4.????Therefore
5.????common
6.????or
7.????employed
8.????fewer
9.????negative
10.????contribute
11.????Studies
12.????People
13.????Tend
14.????Drop
15.????Grown
Key to the Translation
A
一些观察家提出，我们正在看到的这种现象根本就不是什么重大变化，或许它和性革命一
样，不是人们行为上的而是表达方式上的一种剧变。

|| 一位住在康涅狄格州的精神分析学家说，“也许，一直就有那么一群与众不同的人存着。

只不过他们现在从隐蔽外走了出来，公开表明了他们的观点，就像同性恋者那样。

||我们这一时代的潮流就是干你想干的
事而不是加以掩饰。

这些人身上所反映的不是什么变革而是
人们现在越来越坦率直言的这样一个现象。

B
在最近几十年的时间里，人们渐渐地明白了一个事实，那就是：为数不多的妇女已不再接
受并愿意扮演深居简出的传统母亲角色。

许多人认为家庭的重要性正日益消失。

妇女受教
育程度的提高是造成这一文化的重要因素。

如今，百分之八十的妇女完成了四年制的高中
学习。

而在1940年，完成这一阶段学习的妇女仅占百分之三十。

这与现在美国妇女平均晚
一年结婚有关。

二十岁至二十四岁未婚者从1960年的28%上升到20世纪70年代的4 0%。

人们
推迟了生儿育女的时间，只有不到10%的妇女是在结婚后两年内生孩子。

除此之外，越来越
多的妇女不想要孩子。

工作、晚婚、不要孩子是近年来妇女作用发生变化的主要表现。

1.?????? Some professional observers believe that young people today are no l o
nger interested in politics and causes, but rather, have become increasingly p reoccupied with issues closer to themselves.
2.?????? The higher a woman’s educational attainment, the more likely she is to go out of the private setting of the nuclear family and to realize herself
in the community.
3.?????? As far as I am concerned, what really lies behind the decision of som
e married couples not to start a family is that they are so narcissistic and h
ave no margin of love to spare others.
4.?????? The company put on the market a registered invention even without a sk
ing the inventor’s permission, which goes against the patent law.
5.?????? Urged by some other countries, the United Nations has pressured the c
ountry to give up developing and using nuclear weapons.
6.?????? According to the rule that every member should remain childless, Mr. And Ms white have no alternative but to withdraw from the Non-Parent Associati on, for they will attain parenthood soon.
7.?????? He expects to reveal, by presenting a soap opera, the complexity impl icit in real life.
8.?????? In virtually every country, drug abuse, alcohol abuse and child abuse loon as most challenging social problems.
9.?????? When interviewed, these elderly people rationalized why they were am b
ivalent a bout today’s young people.
10.?? Many college students are far more concerned with how to get a highly-p a
id job on graduation and how to receive a quick promotion in the competitive s ociety.??
Unit 5
A.
1.????A
2.????B
3.????C
4.????D
5.????B
6.????A
7.????D
8.????B
9.????D
10.????B
11.????C
B.
1.????set him up
2.????fit in
3.????is thankful for
4.????hold down
5.????built up
6.????gone through
7.????weigh heavily on
8.????working out
9.????broken away
10.????let my parents down
C.
1.????C. will rely on
2.????D. have
3.????C. for which
4.????B. which
5.????A. coupled
6.????A. a much greater variety
7.????B. find it difficult
8.????A. Acquiring
9.????C. himself
10.????C. endangered
D.
1.????dead
2.????brought
3.????like
4.????expensive
5.????cost
6.????worse
7.????births
8.????paying
9.????aged
10.????figure
11.????share
12.????majority
13.????producers
14.????poor
15.????decent
16.????services
17.????expanding
18.????same
19.????burden
20.????confined
Key to the Translation from English into Chinese??
在不少拉丁美洲和亚洲的国家,老年化和贫困将引起许多新问题, 而这些问题对于工业化国
家来说并不陌生, 但是这些国家拥有资源少得多。

|| 在使用有限资源时所遇到伦理道德问题将更为突出,为医疗保健和养老金提供资金可能
成为这些国家面临的一件棘手的事。

在许多国家,老年人的人数太少,政治上多半相当被动,以致无法成为一个能对长期政策施加
有效压力来促进自身利益的团体。

|| 但随着其数量增多,这种状况正在改变，他们知道需要集结政治力量。

|| 到2030年将没有一个政治家大胆到敢于忽略三分之一这部份老年选民——特别老年选民
一般参加投票的人数要比其他选民多。

Key to the Translation from Chinese into English
1.Generally, people have become more compassionate and quite a few families ha
ve taken in an orphan from the municipal orphanage.
2.It is a demanding task for a workingwoman to look after her parents and her children while holding down a job.
3. At first we were worried about their first stay in a foreign country but th
ings there worked out much better for them.
4. Today's middle-aged people have fewer children than their parents did and t he aging population problem may weigh on them in about 40 years.
5.It is hoped that the current reform in education will better set students up
to meet the challenges from society.
6. The government intends to transfer some of the health-care burden to the in dividual family but family members are not always available for the task becau se they cannot break away from their jobs to look after the sick elderly.
7.There is an increasing demand for beds in the nursing home, and we have to t
ry every possible means to free them up.
8.With the large elderly population in this country, financing of health care
and pensions could care the devil out of the government.
9.The young couple has to make some sacrifice to avoid letting their old belov ed father down.
10.What they had gone through in looking after their sick old father made them more compassionate, and they made a donation to the nursing home
Unit 6
A.
1.????complexity
2.????wild
3.????surplus
4.????indifferently
5.????earthly
6.????acknowledge
7.????obviously/apparently
8.????diminish
9.????artificial
10.????destructive
B.
1-g
2-j
3-a
4-f
5-b
6-h
7-I
8-c
9-d
10-e
1.????primeval
2.????whatsoever
3.????beneficent
4.????ultimately
5.????pointedly
6.????intricate
7.????encroaching
8.????indispensable
9.????legitimate
10.????fertility
C.
1.????In short
2.????attributed to
3.????is up against
4.????were under the spell of
5.????at the expense of
6.????regardless of
7.????Allowing for
8.????was involved in
9.????acting on
10.????vice versa
D.
1.????C. increases
2.????B. that of the general population
3.????B. largely self-contained
4.????A. in charge of
5.????D. confused
6.????C. safety provisions
7.????B. that
8.????B. by which
9.????C. put
10.????D. much of
E.
1.????survival
2.????perceive
3.????public
4.????occupy
5.????lots
6.????hand
7.????restored
8.????fertility
9.????renewed
10.????dwellings
11.????wilderness
12.????transitions
13.????agriculture
14.????even
15.????beyond
Key to the translation from English to Chinese:
A:
正如诗人埃德蒙.斯宾塞在将近四百年前所说的那样，大自然是“最伟大的女神”。

她似乎担任了上帝驻地球的总督的职务。

斯宾塞把她描写成一位母亲和法官。

|| 她管辖着所有的
生物之间的往来，并不分厚薄地给予他们权利，因为她是一位公正的母亲。

她把他们紧密
地联结在一起，就象兄弟姐妹。

|| 因而，在斯宾塞看来，生物繁殖及生物秩序的自然规律
与公正原则显而易见地是联系在一起的。

当我们得知斯宾塞认为大自然也具有公正原则的
时候我们或许有点吃惊。

|| 然而，斯宾塞不仅以人类的手足之情而是以所有生物的手足之
情为依据来坚持自然界有这么一位“公正的”法官。

要是在当今，我们会说斯宾塞是以生态学作为其可靠依据的。

B. 如果我们人类和大自然的固有关系不是相互对抗的，那么，它又是什么样的一种关系呢
？|| 对我们来讲，这个变得相当复杂难解，因为正如我先前所讲过的那样，我们中没有人
想在未经开发的原始森林里或在未经改造的原始大草原上生活，我们不想被大灰熊吃掉。

|| 假如我们是园艺家，我们有正当的理由去抱怨园内的杂草。

在肯塔基州，如果我们准备
改良牧场，我们就很可能成为那一片随风摆动的大蓟的敌人。

|| 但是，如果我们还随心所
欲，想做什么就做什么，那么，我们就会对那些曾经被我们砍伐破坏了的原始森林和草原
着迷，我们会一而再而三地想起它们，想起那些幸存的原始森林和原始草原。

|| 我们还会
感到大灰熊深深地吸引着我们。

我们知道，在整个人类时期我们会一直想起大灰熊及其他
一些危险动物。

Key to the translation from Chinese to English:
1. Most conservationists believe that humans thrive best in ecological health
and that the sign of this health is the survival of a diversity of wild animal
s.
2. Mr. Smith produced abundant evidence to indicate that we, to some extent, d iminish ourselves if we diminish nature.
3. Many cities in Western countries have switched to a new gasoline formula th at reduces the pollution content. This is also true of some cities in China.
4. As depicted in a poem written by the English poet Edmund Spenser, nature i s
not only a mother but a judge, having jurisdiction over and doing justice to
all creatures
5. A government study concludes that besides overcrowding and poor public tran sport, the biggest problems the city is up against are noise and pollution.
6. Unlike all other creatures, humans have the ability to act on their judgmen
t/ understanding.
7. Don't you agree with the statement that health without wealth is preferable
to wealth without health?
8. Even those defenders of industrial economy have to acknowledge openly that
any conflict between humans and nature often occurs at the expense of both.
9. If your friend kindly points out a fault you have, take what is said not me rely pleasantly, but thankfully.
10. One of the differences between humans and wild animals is that (or lies in that) the former can make a wise choice as to the kind and scale of the chang e they make to nature.
Unit 7
A.
1.????distinction
2.????sheer
3.????commensurate
4.????refraining
5.????incidentally
6.????alleviate
7.????deemed
8.????is to blame for
9.????impulse
10.????come across
B.
1.????give …away
2.????going at
3.????imbued with
4.????identify … with
5.????has risen above
6.????own up
7.????allow for
8.????treat … to
9.????Dog-eat-dog
10.????the counter
C.
1.????choice; choose; chosen;
2.????inextricable
3.????shorn
4.????definition
5.????increasingly
6.????social
7.????Participatory
8.????acquisitive
9.????weighing
10.????intimacy
D.
1.????D. to pay them
2.????A. Much as
3.????D. endearing himself
4.????C. number of
5.????D. ignored
6.????D. differently
7.????A. respond
8.????C. no more
9.????B. that
10.????C. /
E.
1.????holds
2.????therefore
3.????Does
4.????really
5.????empty
6.????of
7.????success
8.????nor
9.????not
10.????exists
11.????likely
12.????in
13.????historical
14.????upbringing
15.????condition
16.????choicelessness
17.????honorably
18.????trivial
19.????how
20.????ours
Translation
A.????毫无疑问，雄心大志期望的是荣誉、财富、爱情、非凡、成就、欢乐与善良美德。

当然
，伴随我们的抱负与希望，我们的生活将会是怎样，这些总是无法意料的。

有些想法的出
发点是丝毫不为自己，但结果却是结下深仇；而有些计划原意是为了自己，但到头来却是
为他人做了善事。

计划、设想的结果虽然难以预测，但仍无理由阻止计划与设想的进行。

不难设想，没有抱负与雄心的社会将会是怎样的。

它很可能是一个比较随和的社会：没有
要求，没有矛盾，也没有失望。

人们有时间深思。

他们所做的工作不是为了自己，而是为
了集体、从来没有竞争，冲突将被消灭，紧张已成为过去，不再需要创造力。

艺术不再是
高深莫测的，它的作用纯粹是为了欢庆与颂扬。

家庭作为一个社会的单元将成为多余的，它以前的束缚力已消失。

长寿会增加，因为死于紧张、辛劳的工作所引起的心脏病与中风
的人会越来越少、思虑将不复存在。

人类长期地摆脱抱负和欲望的压力，日子会过得越来
越舒坦。

B.
1.????In spite of her recent election success, she remains first and foremost a
w
riter, not a politician.
2.????Ambition is always identified with rank, fame and power. Therefore many peo
ple have been unwilling to talk about their dreams for a long time.
3.????Surely, if you want to be famous, it is necessary for you to have ideals, b
ecause it is behind the accomplishment, but different from ambition.
4.????Ambition is often regarded as being commensurate with bad sense becau se the
single-minded have tried to achieve their goals by fair means or foul and oft
en harm others.
5.????Truly ambitious people seem to be modest but actually they are on their own
.
6.????Certainly some people are very interested in their rank and fame. But wh at
has happened is that they do not own up to it.
7.????Some people try to go on in life at all costs but refrain from appearing a m
bitious. We should be aware that there is a note of hypocrisy.
8.????Although he has come under attack and has been considered ambitious, none o
f them are stron
g enoug
h to make him give up on his dreams.
9.????It is not difficult to imagine a world shorn of ambition. It would probably be a world with no progress and no development. And, of course, it would be a tedious world.
10.????To develop our society, we need a large number of people who have bo th ide
als and ambition, because both of these have the power to inspire people to fu rther efforts. Therefore, both are important for society.
Unit 9
A.
1.????sacred
2.????secrecy
3.????doomed
4.????segment
5.????hierarchy
6.????ego
7.????symptoms
8.????chaotic
9.????absurd
10.????breakthrough
B.
1.????obsolete
2.????boost
3.????imagination
4.????duplicate
5.????subsidy
6.????converge
7.????tumbled down
8.????automated
9.????innovation
10.????hold off
C.
1.????personalized
2.????intangibles; tangibles
3.????prediction
4.????ingenuous
5.????flexibility
6.????bureaucrat
7.????innovation
8.????glory
9.????available
10.????specified
D.
1.????B. that
2.????D. little
3.????C. giving
4.????D. can she act
5.????B. must have been
6.????C. be
7.????B. whichever
8.????B. meaningful
9.????D. many of whose origins
10.????B. or
E.
1.????about
2.????organization
3.????for
4.????but
5.????computers
6.????In other words
7.????that
8.????In fact
9.????simply
10.????therefore
11.????attach
12.????within
13.????definition
14.????for
15.????necessary
Translation
A
有些公司了解这一点。

微软即是其中之一。

// 有些人认为微软能在互联网世界里崭露锋芒
，锐意发展是由于比尔?盖茨的个人野心。

// 简言之，这种想法很荒谬。

// 在199
0年，微软季度销售量要增加38%，需要增加九千万的收入，而在1995年，要达到同样比例
的季度销售增幅，收益需要增加九亿美元。

// 现在，收益的增加标准越提越高。

新的商机
来自何处？规模化经营？还是低成本？这些都是无稽之谈。

// 新的商机只能来自于领导市
场、受顾客欢迎的产品。

// 即使要保持收支平衡，微软也要至少每天创造一千五百万美元
的收益。

// 如果没有高速度和充分的想象力，它只有死路一条。

******************************************************************************
*
B
这些趋势在不断扩大，原因很简单：信息就是力量，而技术的发展使得获取信息变得民主
化和全球化。

// 因此，各种组织机构将再也不能扶植那些美化等级特权并阻止信息交流的工作体系了。

// 在未来学家乔治?吉尔德所描绘的世界中，经济是建立在沙子、
玻璃和空气的基础上的。

// 沙子即指制造芯片的硅。

芯片（计算机世界的建筑材料）正以
指数级的速度增长。

每十八个月芯片的性能就要翻一番。

1. Such a job is doomed because in this field, manual work will be done by co m
puters.
2. The information-based network economy will bring about profound changes in society. Whether this change could benefit human beings or involve them in a c haotic situation needs our discussion.
3. Because of the increasingly fierce competition and personalized product dem and from customers, being able to supply personalized products has become the
key to business success.
4. The old way of management robs people of their imagination and curiosity, m aking them content with the present system and jobs and they make no progres s.
5. Those lacking in initiative and creativity can only fit into the traditiona
l mode of work. Once the old mode is changed, they will be at a loss as to wh a
t to do.
6. In the coming century the development of telecommunications will depend on optical fibers which carry information incomparable to the common phone lines.
7. Since computers can replace people to do routine jobs, people can be freed of mundane business to do creative work.
8. In future society, proprietary information will be less and less proprietar
y. What will this lead to?
9. Some social thinkers predict ominously that robots will become more and mor
e independent and eventually uncontrollable.
10. In the future, new jobs will be born. There is no need for people to worry excessively about unemployment. But they must keep learning about new techno l
ogy.
Unit 10
A.
1.????suppress
2.????Amputation
3.????donor
4.????recurrence
5.????heralded
6.????alleviate
7.????batches
8.????reject
9.????lethal
10.????potent
B.
1. a. immunized???? b. immunity
2. a. diagnostical???? b. diagnosed
3. a. recurrent?????? b. recurrence
4. a. vaccinating???? b. Vaccination
5. a. infect??????????b. infective
6. a. contracted??????b. contractible
7. a. toxin??????????b. toxicity
8. a. surgery????????b. surgeon
9. a .administration?? b. administered
10. a. preceded??????b. preceding
C.
1. originated with
2. a host of
3. immune to
4. are resistant to
5. protected against
6. In the light of
7. speak against
8. points to
9. in question
10. were responsible for
D.
1.????few—little
2.????impossible—possible
3.????was--/
4.????itself—themselves
5.????from—in。