现代大学英语精读3(第二版)知识点讲解

Unit 1
Text A课文内容全解
1. Has it ever dawned on you that certain developmental changes will occur in your life as you move from adolescence to young adulthood? (L.3, Para.1) adulthood/ˈædʌlthʊd/n. the state of being an adult成年：Many people are able to maintain friendships into adulthood.很多人能够把友谊维持到成年。

2. During this time, students are going through an identity crisis and are endeavoring to find out who they are and what their strengths and weaknesses are. (L.1, Para.2) 【英释】During this period, students are experiencing an identity crisis and are trying to find out who they are and what their strong and weak points are.
3. First, there is functional independence, which involves the capability of individuals to take care of practical and personal affairs, such as handling finances, choosing their own wardrobes, and determining their daily agenda. (L.3, Para.4) 【英释】First, there is functional independence, which includes how an individual can handle his or her practical and personal affairs, such as learning how to spend money wisely, choosing his or her own clothes, and deciding what he or she is going to do every day.
4. Fourth is freedom from “excessive guilt, anxiety, mistrust, responsibility, inhibition, resentment, and anger in relation to the mother and father.” (L.12, Para.4) 【英释】Children often feel very guilty in relation to their parents because they think they have done something wrong; they are also anxious because they are eager to please their parents; they sometimes feel unhappy because they think that their parents have not been fair to them; they feel that they are responsible to their parents for everything they do; they are always afraid of not saying the right thing or not behaving properly; all these may make them angry with their parents or make them feel resentful. These feelings reflect their emotional dependence on their parents. When they grow up, they usually strive for freedom from this.
5. At the same time, these young adults are learning how to give and receive affection in the adult world. (L.1, Para.6) affection/əˈfekʃn/n.①a gentle feeling of caring and loving喜爱；钟爱：She has great affection for her little brother.她很疼爱她的弟弟。

②[pl.]one’s feelings of love爱情：She has two men
trying to win her affections.她有两个男人追求。

【考】have affection for sb./sth.喜欢…
【串】同族：affectionate a.表示关爱的
形近：affectation n.假装；装模作样
【辨】affection/love爱
affection指一种热烈、温柔、持久的感情，但不如love表示的感情那样强烈。

He has great affection for his children.他深爱他的孩子们。

love为常用词，指更加强烈、更加倾心的感情，可用于亲情、友情、爱情等。

They fell in love with each other.他们彼此相爱了。

6.She was distressed because she had been put into a dorm that had people from a variety of ethnic backgrounds. (L.8，Para.7) distressed/dɪˈstrest/a. extremely upset or shocked烦恼的；忧虑的：He is distressed to know that he failed his English final examination.得知没过英语期末考试，他感到很烦心。

【串】同族：distress n.忧虑；悲伤‖ v.使忧虑；使烦恼
同根：stress n.压力；紧张
7. As she finished her senior year, she had grown to realize that people of other races were not only equal to her but were people who could be her friends and from whom she could learn.
(L.11, Para.7) 【英释】When she finished her fourth-year study, she had learned that people of other races were not inferior to her, and what’s more, she could make friends with and learn from them.
be equal to①相当；同等：It is ridiculous to think one race is not equal to another just because it has a different skin color.仅仅因为肤色不同就认为一个种族劣于另外一个种族是荒唐的。

②胜任：He is equal to this task.他能够胜任这项任务。

8.These religious, moral, and ethical values that are set during the college years often last a lifetime. (L.13, Para.7)
【英释】These values that are established during the college years often last a lifetime. It is acknowledged that our character or basic moral principles are formulated during this period of time.
Unit 2
Text A课文内容全解
1.The neighborhood where I grew up was the sort of place in which people dream of raising children—a small but satisfying spread of center-hall colonials, old roses, and quiet roads.
（L.1, Para.1)【英释】Near the place I grew up was a nice place for people to raise children. Although it is small it is a satisfying area with center-hall colonials, old rose and quiet roads.
spread/spred/n. a range or an area over which buildings spread区域；一大片：The vast spread of water浩瀚的水域‖v. to open sth. out or arrange a group of things so that they cover a flat surface展开，摊开：He spread the painting out on the desk.他将这幅画展开铺在书桌上。

2. Later, over a stiff and awkward lunch of tuna-fish salad, some of the other girls at my table were perplexed by the source of the quotation and what it meant, and I was certain, at that moment, that the scholarship was mine. (L.3, Para.3) 【英释】Later when we were having a lunch of tuna-fish salad nervously, I got to know that some of the other girls at my table didn’t even know the source of the quotation and its meaning. Whereas I knew it quite well and I would win the scholarship.
3. There was a club chair in our house, with curled arms and a square ottoman; it sat in one corner of the living room, with a barrel table next to it. (L.2, Para.5) 【解析】句中club chair指低背安乐椅，有扶手且靠背很低；ottoman指软垫搁脚凳；barrel table 指用一个啤酒桶和一块木板做成的桌子。

curl/kɜːl/v. to form or make sth. form into a twisted or curved shape（使）卷曲：The boy’s hair curls naturally.这个男孩的头发天生卷曲。

【串】同族：curled a.卷曲的
4. In my mind I am always sprawled on it, reading with my skinny legs slung over one of its arms.
(L.4, Para.5) 【英释】I remember that I used to stretch myself with my skinny legs hung over one of the arms
of the club chair.
5. I did not read from a sense of superiority, or advancement, or even learning. (L.7, Para. 9) 【英释】I did not read books from a sense of being better than others, or promotion, or even getting knowledge.
advancement/ədˈvɑːnsənt/n. ①progress in one’s job, social class, etc.（工作、社会等级等的）提升，晋升：He cared too much for social advancement. 他太在意社会地位的提升。

②the process of helping sth. to make progress or the result of its progress前进；进展；促进：The aim of a university should be the advancement of learning. 大学的目标应该是促进学术发展。

【串】同族：advance v.进步；促进advanced a.先进的；高级的
同义：promotion n.提升；晋升
6. But in the fifteenth century Gutenberg invented the printing press. (L.2, Para. 14) 【解析】句中printing press意为“印刷机”。

press经常用作“报章杂志；报刊；印刷媒体；出版社”等意思。

Unit 3
Text A课文内容全解
1.He didn’t know her. She smiled, he frowned. (L.1, Para.2) frown /fraʊn/v.to bring one’s eyebrows closer together皱眉；蹙额：He frowned with concentration.他全神贯注，紧锁双眉。

【记】对比：frown(皱眉)→反对；smile(微笑)→同意；赞成
【考】frown on/upon反对；不赞成：He frowned on smoking at office.他反对在办公室里吸烟。

【辨】frown/scowl皱眉；蹙额
frown指因注视某物或用心思考而双眉紧锁, 但主要是因为不高兴所致。

The mother frowned when her son failed in his exam.儿子考试不及格时, 母亲皱起眉头。

scowl指发脾气、抑郁或不满意时表现出的皱眉, 含有愁眉不展、怒形于色的意思。

People usually scowl at a person they don’t like.人们通常对他们不喜欢的人蹙眉头。

2. Her thoughts lingered over the last two words. And in the warmth, as it were, another memory unfolded. (L.1, Para.16) linger/ˈlɪŋɡə(r)/v. ①to stay somewhere for a long time because you are unwilling to leave逗留；
徘徊；磨蹭：The attractive scenic spots and historic sites make foreign tourists linger on and forget to return.景色宜人的名胜古迹令外国游客流连忘返。

②to continue to exist; to disappear slowly 继续存留；缓慢消失：The smell of the roasted duck lingered (on) in the room.房间里仍飘溢着烤鸭的香味。

【记】形近+联想：longer更长一些→linger逗留；继续存留
谐音：离割（离别割舍）→恋恋不舍，不愿离去→逗留；继续存留
【考】linger on停留；逗留
【串】同族：lingering a.拖延的；缓慢消失的
unfold /ʌnˈfəʊld/v. ①to open or spread out from a folded state展开；打开：The story unfolds gradually as the film goes on.随着影片的放映，故事情节逐渐展开。

②to make sth. known gradually; to be gradually made known（使）逐渐展现；展示；透露：The minister gradually unfolded his plan to her.部长逐渐向她透露了他的计划。

【记】un（相反）+ fold（对折）→ 与折叠相反的动作→展开；打开
【考】unfold sth. to sb.向某人透露某事
【串】反义：fold v.折叠；合拢
3. ...she felt the strange beast that had slumbered so long within her bosom stir,stretch itself, yawn, prick up its ears, and suddenly bound to its feet, and fix its longing, hungry stare upon those far away places. (L.1, Para.31) 【英释】...she felt that her lifelong dream of traveling around the world, which had been lying at
the back of her mind all these years because her health conditions had not allowed her to do that, now began to wake up. It was just like a strange beast waking up with longing hungry eyes for those wonderful places.
stretch/stretʃ/v.①to put one’s arms or legs out straight and contract one’s muscles伸展；舒展：She stretched and yawned lazily.她伸了个懒腰，打了个哈欠。

②to spread out over a distance or an area绵延；延伸：The road stretches out across the desert into the distance.这条路穿过沙漠伸向远方。

‖n. a period of time一段时间：She finished reading the book at a stretch.她一口气把这本书读完了。

【考】at a stretch一口气地；不休息地‖at full stretch竭尽全力；以最大财力物力：We must work at full stretch to get the job finished in time.为了按时完成工作我们必须全力以赴。

bound/baʊnd/v. to run with jumping movements in a certain direction跳跃着跑：She bounded into the room and announced that she was engaged.她蹦蹦跳跳地跑进屋里，宣布她订婚了。

‖a. certain or likely to happen一定会；很可能会：We’re bound to be late.我们肯定要迟到了。

【考】be bound to do/be sth.一定会…；很可能会…
【警】bound与bind“捆绑；缠绕”的过去式和过去分词拼写一致，应注意区分。

Unit 4
Text A课文内容全解
1. He had opened his eyes with the sun at dawn, scratched, done his business like a dog at the roadside, washed at the public fountain, begged a piece of breakfast bread and a few olives, eaten them squatting on the ground, and washed them down with a few handfuls of water scooped from the spring. (L.2, Para.1) 【英释】He had opened his eyes when the sun rose, scratched (because he had an itch on the skin), emptied his bowels and passed water like a dog at the roadside, washed his face at the public fountain, begged a piece of bread and a few olives for breakfast, ate them while he was squatting on the ground, and then swallowed them down with the water he got from the spring with his hands.
2. As the market place filled up with shoppers and merchants and slaves and foreigners, he had strolled through it for an hour or two. (L.7, Para.1) 【辨】stroll/ramble/roam/wander闲逛
stroll指以悠闲的步伐四处走走，逛逛。

I like to stroll around the flea market on chance of picking up something of value.我喜欢逛旧货市场，希望能够淘点儿有用的东西。

ramble尤指在乡间闲逛。

After the picnic, they rambled in the wood for an hour.野餐之后，他们在树林中漫步了一个小时。

roam通常指在一片广阔的地上没有确定目标或目的的闲逛。

You shouldn’t let your children roam the streets.你不应该让你的孩子在街上闲逛。

wander强调没有固定路线或目标的闲逛。

We spent the whole morning wandering around the inner city.我们整个上午都在市中心闲逛。

3. He was the founder of the creed called Cynicism (doggishness); he spent much of his life in the rich, lazy, corrupt Greek city of Corinth, mocking and satirizing its people, and occasionally converting one of them. (L.7, Para.2) 【辨】mock/ridicule嘲笑
mock指以夸张滑稽的方式模仿某人的言行特征，以嘲弄或嘲笑某人。

He mocked me when I was making a speech.当我发表演讲的时候，他模仿我来取笑我。

ridicule指对某人或某事不客气地嘲弄取笑，但不一定怀有恶意或敌意。

The opposition ridiculed the manager’s proposal.对手嘲弄取笑经理的提议。

4. He was not the first to inhabit such a thing. But he was the first who ever did so by choice, out of principle. (L.2, Para.3) 【辨】inhabit/live/reside/dwell居住
inhabit为及物动词，是比较正式的用语，用来表示人或动植物的群体居住或栖居于某地。

Mammals such as the whale and dolphin inhabit the sea.像鲸鱼及海豚这类的哺乳动物栖居海中。

live作“居住”讲时，为不及物动词，是一个较为常用的日常用词，指一个人居住于某一住所、城市或国家。

I know that she used to live in Los Angeles.我知道她过去住在洛杉矶。

reside为不及物动词，后常跟in，更加强调居住的长期性和合法性。

The family has resided in New York since they came to America.自从来到美国以后，这家人一直居住在纽约。

dwell为不及物动词，多用于正式的书面语中，比如诗歌等文学作品中。

We visited the wise man who dwelt in the mountains.我们拜访了那位隐居深山的哲人。

out of principle出于原则：As a teacher I can’t let you know the questions in the final paper out of principle.作为老师，出于原则我不能让你知道期末考试中的题目。

【串】in principle原则上；理论上；大体上；基本上
5. Live without conventions, which are artificial and false; escape complexities and extravagances: only so can you live a free life. (L.4, Para.4) 【辨】artificial/synthetic人造的
artificial指人工制造的，非天然的，有别于自然产品，但仿效自然产品。

artificial flower made of plastic塑料人造花artificial satellite人造卫星
synthetic指人造的，非天然的，特指使用化学方法将不同物质合成制造出来的。

synthetic rubber/leather/fiber人造（合成）橡胶/革/纤维
6.…the young prince slept with the Iliad under his pillow and longed to emulate Achilles, who brought the mighty power of Asia to ruin. (L.6, Para.12) mighty/ˈmaɪtɪ/a.①very strong and powerful强而有力的：They have a mighty army.他们拥有强大的军队。

②large and impressive巨大的；非凡的：There are mighty mountain peaks here.这里有巍峨的山峰。

‖ad. very 非常；很；极其：mighty difficult 极其困难
【串】同族：might n.强大力量；威力
Unit 5
Text A课文内容全解
1. The countryside was, in fact, famous for the abundance and variety of its bird life, and when the flood of migrants was pouring through in spring and fall people traveled from great distances to observe them. (L.4, Para.2) 【英释】In fact, the countryside was famous for its various birds, and when a great number of migrant birds were flying here in spring and autumn, people came from long distances to watch them.
【辨】abundant/ample/plentiful充足的，富裕的
abundant大多限指某一特定地方而非某一特定时间所观察到的丰富，通常指数量之大，为人们所珍视看重，或为人们所希望。

Fishes are abundant in the lakes there.那里的湖泊鱼类丰富。

ample既意指刚够，又意指足够有余，因此往往意指介于足够与丰裕之间。

There is ample room for a family of four.有充裕的地方足够一个四口之家居住。

plentiful指事物数量之大，如人们之所望，或甚至富裕有余。

That dinner was well cooked and incredibly plentiful.那个宴席烹调得很好，丰富得让人难以置信。

2.Chemicals sprayed on croplands or forests or gardens lie long in soil, entering into living organisms, passing from one to another in a chain of poisoning and death. （L.6, Para.11）a chain of一连串；一系列：Lack of scientific knowledge may cause a chain of serious mistakes.缺乏科学知识可能会造成一连串严重的错误。

【串】a series of一连串；一系列a succession of一连串；一系列
3.Radiation is now the unnatural creation of man’s tampering with the atom.（L.2, Para.13）【英释】In the past, radiation was only sent out from radioactive substances in certain rocks; today man creates such harmful rays by causing the atom of such substance as radium to split.
4.These chemicals are now applied almost universally to farms, gardens, forests, and homes, killing every insect, the “good” and the “bad,” to still the s ong of birds and the leaping of fish, to coat the leaves with a deadly film, and to linger on in soil... (L.1, Para.16) 【英释】These chemicals are used quite widely in farms, gardens, forests, and homes. Consequently, every insect is killed no matter it is good or bad, and birds and fish are also killed. Meanwhile leaves are covered with a thin layer of death-causing chemicals which stay in soil for a long time...
5. In new territory, out of reach of the restraining hand of the natural enemies that kept down its numbers in its native land, an invading plant or animal is able to become enormously abundant. (L.1, Para.23)
【英释】In new places, an invading plant or animal can reproduce in large numbers because its natural enemies in its native land can no longer prey on it.
out of reach of sth.在…范围之外；够不着：Medicine should be kept out of the reach of children.药应该放在儿童够不到的地方。

【串】within (easy) reach (of sth.) 很接近；靠近
keep sth. down①使保持在低水平；抑制某事物的增长：keep down wages/prices/the cost of living 保持低工资/物价/生活费用②不使（胃中食物）吐出；不呕吐：That child has had some water but she can’t keep any food down.那个小孩喝了点儿水，但什么食物都吃了就吐。

【串】keep sb. down压制（或限制、控制）某人
Unit 6
Text A课文内容全解
1.It is possible to stop most drug addiction in the United States within a very short time. (L.1, Para.1)
addiction/əˈdɪkʃn/n. the condition of being addicted to sth.瘾；入迷；嗜好：His addiction to drugs caused his family much grief.他吸毒成瘾，使他的家人非常伤心。

【串】同族：addict n.瘾君子；对…入迷的人addicted a.有瘾的；入迷的addictive a.使人上瘾的；使人入迷的
形近：addition n.加；增加；增加物
2. Don’t say that marijuana is addictive and dangerous when it is neither—unlike“speed,”which kills most unpleasantly, or heroin, which is addictive and difficult to kick. (L.4, Para.1) 【英释】Don’t say that once a person takes marijuana, he cannot get rid of it. In fact, it is not dangerous either. It is different from“speed”and heroin.“Speed”causes painful death while heroin is difficult to stop using once a person is addicted to it.
3. Along with exhortation and warning, it might be good for our citizens to recall that the United States was the creation of men who believed that each man has the right to do what he wants with his own life as long as he does not interfere with his neighbor’s pursuit of happiness. (L.1, Para.3)
【英释】When persuading people not to take drugs and warning them of the dangers, we’d better remind our citizens that the United States was created by those who believed that everybody has the right to do whatever he wants with his own life on the condition that what he does will not prevent his neighbor from pursuing happiness.
interfere with sth.妨碍；干扰：He will not allow his personal feelings to interfere with his work.他不会让他的个人感情妨碍他的工作。

【串】interfere with sb.干扰证人（企图威胁或贿赂等）
4. Now one can hear the warning rumble begin：if everyone is allowed to take drugs everyone will and we shall end up a race of Zombies. Alarming thought. Yet, it seems most unlikely that any reasonably sane person will become a drug addict if he knows in advance what addiction is going to be like. (L.1, Para.4) sane/seɪn/a.①having a normal and reasonable mind精神健全的；神志正常的：He looked perfectly sane.他看来心智非常健全。

②sensible and reasonable明智的；理智的；合乎情理的：
It is a sane way to solve the problem.这是解决这个问题的明智方法。

【串】同族：sanely ad.心智健全地；理智地sanity n.精神健全；神志正常；明智；通情达理反义：insane a.精神失常的；精神错乱的；十分愚蠢的
5.Such is the deliciously convenient reasoning that the drug problem can be resolved by legalizing it. (L.1, Para.11) legalize/ˈliːɡəlaɪz/v. to make sth. legal使合法化；使得到法律认可：Iceland was the first country to legalize abortion in 1935.1935年冰岛成为第一个允许堕胎合法化的国家。

【串】同族：legal a.合法的；法律的legalization n.合法化；认可
6.It would immediately remove the immense profits drugs now pump into the criminal underworld... (L.1, Para.12) criminal/ˈkrɪmɪnl/a. ①associated with or relating to crime犯罪的；犯法的；涉及犯罪的：criminal behavior/offences犯罪行为；刑事犯罪②connected to the laws dealing with crime刑法的；刑事的：criminal law刑法‖n. a person that commits a crime罪犯：He is a career criminal.他是一个职业罪犯。

【串】同族：crime n.犯罪活动；罪行criminally ad.刑法上；刑事上；在犯罪方面criminalize v.使不合法，使非法；把…当罪犯对待
7. The proverbial quick fix that legalization would seem to provide is illusory. (L.2, Para.20) proverbial/prəʊˈvɜːbɪəl/a. ①of, like or expressed in a proverb or well-known phrase谚语的；如谚语所说的：The thief seems to have nine lives, like the proverbial cat.那个小偷就如谚语所说的猫一样，似乎有九条命。

②widely known and talked about by lots of people众所周知的；著名的：My grandmother’s generosity is proverbial in the neighborhood.我祖母的慷慨在
【串】同族：proverb n.格言；谚语proverbially ad.如同谚语地；众所周知地
8. Do we really want the additional and permanent burden of the other intoxicants, some of which are infinitely more addictive than alcohol? (L.1, Para.25) 【英释】Of course we don’t want to face permanently more serious problems that the other intoxicants would cause. Some of them make users more dependent on them than alcohol. This is the situation we must face if drugs are legalized.
9.Nancy Reagan’s Just Say No to drugs campaign drew ridicule, but it recognized the only nonrepressive way to go after drugs. (L.1, Para.30)
【英释】When Nancy Reagan started a campaign which called on people to reject drugs, she was laughed at and ridiculed. No matter how much or little the campaign achieved, it showed that persuasion was the only way to reduce drug consumption that did not involve repression.
Unit 8
Text A课文内容全解
1.One thanksgiving she burned herself badly when, running up from the cellar even with the ceremonial turkey, she tripped on the stairs and tumbled down, ending at the bottom in the debris of giblets, hot gravy, and battered turkey. (L.2, Para.15) battered/ˈbætə(r)d/a.①old, used a lot; not in very good condition破旧不堪的：a battered bike一辆破旧的自行车②attacked violently and injured; attacked and badly damaged by weapons or by bad weather 受到严重虐待的；受到（炮火、恶劣天气）重创的：battered children 受虐待儿童
【串】同族：batter v.连续猛击；殴打
2. For ten years or more the ferocity with which she had once attacked life had been turning to a rage against the weakness, the boredom, and the absence of love that too much age had brought her. (L.2, Para.32) 【英释】Throughout her life, she had fought numerous difficulties she encountered bravely. However, about ten years or more ago, she became angry with her weakness, the boredom, and the absence of love that caused by her becoming old.
3.… had written her with some banal advice to look for the silver lining, to count her blessings instead of burdening others with her miseries. (L.2, Para.33) 【英释】…I had written to my mother, advising her to think about the pleasant and good times and about how lucky and cheerful she had once been. I told her not to complain and have other people worry about her.
4. I suppose what it really amounted to was a threat that if she was not more cheerful during my visits I would not come to see her very often. (L.4, Para.33) 【英释】I think this “advice” was actually a warning that if she was not happier during my visits, I would not come to see her very often.
5. This one was written out of a childish faith in the eternal strength of parents, a naïve belief that
age and wear could be overcome by an effort of will, that all she needed was a good pep talk to recharge a flagging spirit. (L.5, Para.33) 【英释】I wrote this letter because I naïvely believed that parents’ strength would never drain away, and aging as well as declining health could be overcome by a strong will, and that all she needed was an encouraging talk to make her full of energy again.
6.Now three years later, after the last bad fall, she had managed to forget the fatigue and loneliness and to recapture happiness. (L.1, Para.35) 【英释】Now three years later, after the last bad fall, she had managed to forget her tiredness and loneliness and to bring back her happy feelings of her past life.
7. …if I had been able to step into my mother’s time machine.(L.5, Para.35)【英释】…if I had been able to travel to all those past times together with my mother.
【解析】句中，time machine意为“时间机器”，指一种科学幻想中的机器,可载人往返于现在、未来和过去之间。

该词最早出现于英国著名小说家赫伯特·乔治·威尔斯(Herbert George Wells)的科幻小说《时间机器》（1895年出版）。

8.….American was a young country, and the future stretched before it in beams of crystal sunlight. (L.3,Para.38) crystal/ˈkrɪstl/a. quite clear清澈透明的：the crystal clear water in the stream小溪里清澈透明的水
9. A world had lived and died, and though it was part of my blood and bone I knew little more about it than I knew of the world of the pharaohs. (L.2, Para.39) 【英释】The world my mother lived in when she was young was now past. Though I was closely related to that world, I knew as little as the rulers of ancient Egypt.
【解析】句中，blood and bone指肉体；代指人的生命或生活。

10. The orbits of her mind rarely touched present interrogators for more than a moment.
(L.4, Para.39) 【英释】She could hardly respond to the questions put to her at present because her mind was constantly wondering to certain stages of her life.
interrogator/ɪnˈterəʊɡeɪtə(r)/n. a person who questions sb. closely for a long time, esp. in an aggressive way讯问者；质问者：His answers surprised the interrogator.他的回答让讯问者感到
【串】同族：interrogate v.讯问；审问；盘问interrogation n.讯问；审问；盘问
11. Sitting at her bedside, forever out of touch with her, I wondered about my own children, and children in general, and about the disconnection between children and parents that prevents them from knowing each other. （L.1, Para.40）【英释】Although I was sitting at her bedside, very close to her physically, I never knew what she was thinking or talking about. I thought about my own children and all the children, and the distance between children and parents that prevents them from knowing each other.
12. I was angry with him for that, but angrier with myself for having become one of those ancient bores whose highly selective memories of the past become transparently dishonest even to small children. （L.1, Para.47）【英释】I was angry with him because of that and I was even angrier with myself because I seemed like one of those old people who bore the young by endlessly teaching them moral lessons. And at the same time, those old people’s selective memories of the past become clearly dishonest even to small children.
13. We all come from the past, and children ought to know what it was that went into their making, to know that life is a braided cord of humanity stretching up from time long gone, and that it cannot be defined by the span of a single journey from diaper to shroud. (L.2, Para.49) 【英释】We all come from the past, and children ought to know what made them what they are today. They ought to know that life is a continuous process which is like a cord made of many people starting from a long time past continuing to the present day, and that it cannot be defined by the span of a single journey from birth to death.
Unit 9
Text A课文内容全解
1.At the edge of a new century, globalization is a double-edged sword: a powerful vehicle that raises economic growth, spreads new technology and raises living standards in rich and poor countries alike; but also an immensely controversial process that assaults national sovereignty, erodes local culture and tradition and threatens economic and social instability. (L.1, Para.1) at the edge of sth.在…边缘：He is so busy that he is at the edge of collapse.他太忙了，处在崩
【串】on the edge of sth.在…边缘；濒于
globalization/ˈɡləʊbəlaɪˈzeɪʃn/n. the process of making sth. operated in many countries all around the world, or the result of this全球化：Globalization has dramatically affected many industries.全球化对许多行业影响巨大。

2. The Cold War, from the late 1940s through the 1980s, caused the United States to champion trade liberalization and economic growth as a way of combating communism. (L.1, Para.4) liberalization/ˌlɪbərəlaɪˈzeɪʃn/n. the act of making less strict自由化：financial liberation 金融自由化
【串】同族：liberalize v.使自由化；放宽限制liberal a.自由的；宽宏大量的；大方的‖n.宽容的人；开明的人liberally ad.自由地；宽宏大量地；大方地
3. A succession of major trade negotiations reduced average tariffs... (L.2, Para.4) negotiation/nɪˌɡəʊʃɪˈeɪn/n.a formal discussion between people who are trying to reach an agreement 谈判；磋商；协商：peace/trade/wage negotiations和谈、贸易洽谈、工资谈判【串】同族：negotiate v. 谈判；越过；商定negotiator n.谈判代表；协商者
4. Meanwhile, multinational companies have gone on an international acquisition binge.
(L.1, Para.9) multinational/ˌmʌltɪˈnæʃənl/a.existing in or involving several countries跨国的；涉及多国的：a multinational media company跨国传媒公司‖n.a large company that operates in several different countries 跨国公司
binge/bɪndʒ/v. to eat or drink too much大吃大喝；狂欢作乐：When he’s depressed he binges on chocolate.他心情不好的时候就大嚼巧克力。

‖n. a short period of time when sb. does too much of sth. such as eating or drinking alcohol（短时间的）狂热行动，寻欢作乐，大吃大喝：go on a binge饮酒作乐
5.Behind the merger boom lies the growing corporate conviction that many markets have become truly global. (L.1, Para.11) corporate/ˈkɔːpərət/a.①relating to a corporation公司的：corporate finance/planning/strategy/ 公司的财务计划/战略②used to describe a group of organizations that form a single corporation
组成公司（或团体）的；法人的：a corporate body法人团体③involving or shared by all the members of a group社团的；全体的；共同：corporate responsibility 共同的责任
【串】同族：corporation n.（大）公司；法人；法人团体
6.In Europe, the relentless pursuit of the “single market”is one indicator. This reflects a widespread recognition that European companies will be hard-pressed to compete in global markets if their local operations are hamstrung by fragmented national markets. (L.2, Para.13) 【英释】In Europe, one sign is the persistent pursuit of the “single market”. This reflects a common belief that it will be hard for European companies to compete in global markets if their local operations are blocked by fragmented national markets.
7.…i t became apparent that as a result of “crony capitalism,” inept government policies and excess optimism... (L.2, Para.21) 【英释】...it became clear that because of the corruption in those countries where political and financial resources are in the hands of a few privileged people along with their dishonest friends, the foolish government policies and unreasonable optimism...
8. If the forecasts materialize—and the OECD-s growth estimates for Japan exceed most private forecasts—they will restore some balance to the world economy and relieve fears of a global recession. (L.2, Para.27)【英释】If the forecasts come true—and the OECD’s growth estimates for Japan are higher than most private forecasts—they will, to a certain degree, help the world economy return to its earlier balance, and reduce fears of a worldwide economic recession.
forecast/ˈfɔːkɑːst/n.a statement about what is likely to happen in the future预言；预报：sales forecasts 销售预测‖v.to make a statement saying what is likely to happen in the future预测；预报：Experts are forecasting a recovery in the economy.专家预测经济将复苏。

【辨】forecast/predict /foretell预言；预测；预告。