虚拟语气讲解及练习题(含答案和解释)
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高中英语虚拟语气讲解及练习
虚拟条件句就是对现实条件的一种虚拟假设,所假设的条件一般不符合事实或与事实相反或在现实中发生的可能性极小。
根据时间的不同,虚拟条件句可分为三种,即与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句、与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句
(1)表示与现在事实相反
If I had enough money now, I would lend it to you.
(2)表示与过去事实相反
If he had taken your advice, he wouldn’t have made such a bad mistake.
(3)表示与将来事实相反
I would go shopping with you if it were to be Sunday tomorrow.
1. 虚拟条件句的倒装
在虚拟条件句中,为了强调所假设条件的虚拟性,或突出说话人的一种主观愿望,虚拟条件句可用倒装结构。
虚拟条件句的倒装是通过去掉if,把条件从句谓语中的助动词、情态动词或系动词放在句首实现的。
例如:Had I been(= If I had been ) in that situation, I would not have let the thief escape away with so much money.
Should there be (= If there should be) a drought, what should we do at that time ?
2. 错综时间条件句
有时条件从句的动作和主句的动作发生的时间并不一致,这时谓语动词的形式应根据它所要表示的具体时间来确定。
例如:
If we hadn’t been working hard in the past few years ,thing s wouldn’t be going so smoothly.
3. 含蓄条件句
有时假设的情况并不以条件从句的形式表现出来,而是通过某个介词或介词短语(如:with,otherwise,without,but for,in that position)、上下文或其它方式表现出来。
这种句子称为含蓄条件句。
例如:
But for the help from you , I would not have had the chance to go to college.
二、虚拟语气在某些从句中的运用
在某些词或短语后接的从句中要使用虚拟语气,表示愿望、建议或命令等。
根据虚拟语气的形式不同,虚拟语气可以分为“should类”和“过去时态类”。
(一)should类
这一类的虚拟语气是通过从句中的谓语动词使用“should +动词原形”体现出来的,should可以省略。
其具体运用体现在:
1. 在suggest , order, demand , propose, command, request, desire,insist等表示建议、命令、要求、意见的动词后接的宾语从句中要使用虚拟语气。
如:He suggests that she should leave the house at once.
The leader ordered that the task(should) be finished as soon as possible.
He proposed that we (should)deal with the problem by the view of development.
2. 与suggest,order,demand,propose,command,request,desire,insist等动词相对应的名词suggestion,order,demand,proposal等后的表语从句或同位语从句中要使用虚拟语气。
如:The general sent the order that the battle (should)be held on until the complete failure of the enemy.
My proposal is that we(should) set a deadline for handing in the plan.
3. 在It is/was suggested (ordered,demanded,proposed,etc.)结构以及necessary,essential,important,strange,natural等形容词后的主语从句中要使用虚拟语气。
如:
It’s requested that we (should)keep the stability of the society for the people’s peaceful life.
It is necessary that the badly wounded man(should) be treated immediately. (二)过去时态类
英语中,还有一些词或短语后接的从句或句子,也要使用虚拟语气,虚拟语气是通过句中的谓语使用过去的某种时态(如:一般过去时、过去完成时等)来体现的。
1. wish,would rather 后的宾语从句。
如:
He wished he had never been involved in such affairs.
I would rather you could teach me again.
2. as if,as though引导的从句。
如:
The little boy knows so many things as if he was a man.
He acted as usual as though nothing had happened.
3. 由if only (要是……,那该多好啊!)引导的惊叹句。
如:
If only I had passed the test!
If only it stopped raining!
4. It is(about/high) time 后的定语从句。
如:
It is time we went out for a walk.
It was high time they had begun to prepare the experiment.
三、虚拟语气的其它用法
在英语中,一些表示建议、请求、劝告、愿望、祈祷、祝福或诅咒的句子,也需要使用虚拟语气。
如:
Would you mind smoking here?
May you be lucky!
Long live the people of China!
God save me.
虚拟语气练习题
1._________ what would happen the following day, they would have reconsidered their thoughts.
A.Did they know B.Were they to know C.Had they known D.should they know 【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气和倒装。
句意:如果他们知道第二天会发生什么,他们就会重新考虑他们的想法。
此句是if从句和过去事实相反的情况,从句用had+过去分词,主句用
would/could/should/ might +have+过去分词。
这种虚拟条件句可以把had提前,省去if,故选C。
【点睛】
If虚拟条件句如果含有had/should/were时,可省略if把句子倒装,把had/should/were提到主语前面。
如:1. If I were you, I would take his advice.
→Were I you, I would take his adv ice.
2. If I had known about the lecture, I would have taken it.
→Had I known about the lecture, I would have taken it.
3. If there should be a letter for me, please keep it in the drawer.
→Should there be a letter for me, please keep it in the drawer.
2._______ more energy to my study instead of being crazy about computer games, I would be sitting in a comfortable office now.
A.If I devoted B.Had I devoted
C.Would I be devoted D.Should I be devoted
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
考查时间错综的虚拟条件句。
此处主句用过去完成时,表示与过去的事实相反,如果省略if要用倒装句;从句用would + 动词原形的形式,表示与现在的事实相反。
3.The general demanded that the soldiers at the village before 5 p.m. to
rescue the victims of the earthquake.
A.will arrive B.arrive C.would arrive D.arrived
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
试题分析:考查虚拟,动词demand引导的宾语从句,后面用虚拟语气,(should)+动词
原形
考点:考查虚拟
点评:虚拟是常考内容,做此类题时,需要注意先行词,如果先行词是demand/suggest或者引导宾语从句时,用虚拟语气
4.Should it rain, the crops _____ .
A.would be saved B.would have been saved
C.will be saved D.had been saved
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】
试题分析:考查虚拟语气。
在if的条件状语从句的虚拟语气中,如果有将来事实相反,从句中使用“过去时/were to do/should+动词原形”,主句使用“情态动词+动词原形”。
本句中省略了if,所以把should提前,构成部分倒装句。
后面的主句使用“would be save”。
故A正确。
考点:考查虚拟语气
5.________ you happen to see Mary, would you please ask her to come here?
A.Would B.Could C.Should D.Might
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
试题分析:句意: 如果你碰巧遇到Kate ,请你叫她来这里一下好吗?在if条件句中,如果有should,were或had,可以省略if,把should,were或had提前。
故选C。
考点:考查情态动词表虚拟。
6.Imagine what today’s life would be like if Alexander Bell _____ the telephone more than 130 years ago!
A.didn’t invent B.wouldn’t invent
C.hadn’t invented D.wouldn’t have invented
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。
句意:想象一下如果贝尔130年前没有发明电话,现在的生活会是什么样子?根据句意可知,本句是条件状语从句的混合条件句,主句与现在的情况相反,使用情态动词+动词原形;从句与过去的情况相反,使用过去完成时;故选C。
7.They didn’t turn up at the meeting yesterday. Otherwise, they _________ the report. A.had listened to B.would listen to
C.should listen to D.would have listened to
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
试题分析:考查与过去事实相反的虚拟语气。
句意:昨天他们没有出现在会议上,否则,他们就听报告了。
这里otherwise相当于一个虚拟条件句:if they had turned up at the meeting,,主句应用:would/could/might+have done 结构,所以选D。
考点:考查与过去事实相反的虚拟语气
8. If he _____ his legs in the last training, he _____ the coming World Cup, which he has been longing to compete in.
A.hadn’t hurt; would join in
B.hadn’t hurt; would have taken part in
C.didn’t hurt; would go in for
D.didn’t hurt; would have taken part in
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】
试题分析:句意:如果他在上一次的训练中没有受伤,他就能参加世界杯,这是他梦寐以求的要参加的。
这是虚拟语气,条件状语从句是对过去的虚拟,所以用had done,根据the coming World Cup主句是对将来的虚拟,所以用would do,故选A。
考点:考查虚拟语气的用法。
点评:本题难度适中。
混合虚拟对于学生来说是难点,考生看到了last training,误选B,认为主句和从句都是对过去的虚拟,本题的关键在于对于he has been longing to这个动词的时态判定上。
即学即练:_________ last as his coach suggested, he wouldn’t have narrowly escaped being killed.
A.Hadn’t the skydiver exited
B. If the skydiver hadn’t exited
C. Should the skydiver not exit
D. If the skydiver wouldn’t exit
解析:B。
根据下半句,可以看出是与过去事实相反,所以上半句应该用过去完成时,而A 项结构不对,故选B。
9._________, the world would be more harmonious.
A.Weren't there any wars B.There weren't any wars
C.Were there no wars D.Had there no wars
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
试题分析:考查虚拟语气。
根据后半句would be可知是对现在的虚拟,从句要用过去式,be动词一律用were,另本句为if条件句省略形式,要将were提到句首,同时如果条件句从句为否定,否定词应置于主语后,不能缩略为Weren't置于句首,句意:如果没有战争,世界会更和谐。
故选C
考点:考查虚拟语气
10.-What life_______be like without cell phones?
-I cannot imagine it!
A.may B.can C.will D.would
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
本题考查含蓄虚拟语气。
without cell phones相当于含蓄条件句,主句中用
would/could/should/might加动词原形。
11.Eliza remembers everything exactly as if it______ yesterday.
A.was happening B.happens
C.has happened D.happened
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。
句意:伊丽莎记得每件事都很清楚,就好像是昨天发生的一样。
as if引导的从句使用虚拟语气。
主句中的时态是一般现在时,所以从句用一般过去时来表示对现在事实相反的假设。
故选D。
12.Experts advised that parents ______ children from doing homework by using electronic equipment too much.
A.discouraged B.discourage
C.would discourage D.have discouraged
【答案】B
【解析】
【分析】
考查
【详解】
句意:专家建议,家长们不要让孩子们过多地使用电子设备来做作业。
此处是advise“建
议”+that从句的用法,在that从句中用should+do形式的特殊用法,should可以省略,故选B项。
13.He insisted that he ____________ the money and ___________ he __________ set free. A.didn’t steal, /, be B.steal, that, should be
C.didn’t steal, that, should be D.steal, /, was
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
考查insist的用法。
Insist做坚持说解时从句与主句时态相同;做坚决要求...该...解时后接that+主语+should+动词原形;根据句意那个男孩坚持认为他没有错,并且坚决要求马上释放他。
故选C。
【名师点睛】
insist引导的宾语从句的时态有两种理解.
1.insist如果解释为"坚持说,坚持认为"即其宾语从句的动作是个已经发生的动作,则宾语从句的时态为正常用法.
所以该句“he (not) steal the money”是个已经发生的事实,且其发生在insisted之前,所以“过去的过去”,就改用过去完成时了.
2.insist如果解释2为“坚持要求,坚持主张”即其宾语从句的动作尚未发生时,这宾语从句的时态必须使用虚拟语气,即(should)+ 动词原形.
所以该句“he (be set free)at once”在当时是个尚未发生的动作,必须使用虚拟语气,所以该写成he (should) be set free at once.
14.They desired that they __________ the right to attend the meeting.
A.had B.have C.are D.were
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
试题分析:句意:他们要求他们有权力去参加会议。
这里have the right to do有权力做某事。
因为主句的谓语动词是desire它的宾语从句应该用虚拟语气,从句的谓语应该用should+动词原形。
should可以省略。
故选B。
考点:考查虚拟语气的语法。
点评:本题难度适中。
虚拟语气是近几年高考的热点,虚拟语气的情况复杂,形式多样,需要考生牢记它们的不同的用法,再根据不同的语境分析句子应该用哪种情况的虚拟。
用should表示的情况特别多,需要考生牢记它们的语法。
即学即练:The picture exhibition bored me to death. I wish I __________ to it.
A. have not gone
B. did not go
C. can not have gone
D. had not gone
解析:D。
句意:由上半句背景句可以看出这是与过去事实相反,因此wish后的从句用过
去完成时。
15.—The rain is coming down so hard!
—________ my umbrella this m orning, I wouldn’t be trapped here now.
A.Did I take B.Had I taken
C.Were I to take D.Would I take
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气和倒装。
句意:——雨下得这么大! ——如果今天早上我拿了伞,我就不会被困在这里了。
此句是if引导的虚拟语气,从句与过去的事实相反,用过去完成态。
句中将if省略,则把助动词had提到主语前面,故答案为B。
16.The professor suggested the problem ________ at once.
A.referred to be solved B.referred to solving
C.referred to was solved D.referred to must be solved
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】
考查过去分词和suggest的用法。
句意:教授建议所提到的那个问题应该马上予以解决。
the problem 和referred to 之间是被动关系,此处是过去分词做后置定语,相当于定语从句which had been referred to;suugest “建议” 接句子时用虚拟语气(should)+动词原形,其中should可以省略,再根据the problem 和solve之间是被动关系,所以要用被动语态(should )be solved。
故选A。
【点睛】
Suggest用法小结
1.suggest表示建议
1)suggest+doing sth.
He suggested going out for a walk.
2)suggest +(that )+主语+(should) do+sth 其中的should 可以省略
He suggested that you should go there tomorrow.=He suggested you go there tomorrow.
注意,不可以这样说:He suggested you to go there tomorrow.也就是说suggest不可以加不定式的复合结构.
3)it is suggested that +主语+(should )do sth.
It is suggested that the work (should) be finished at once.
4)suggestion做主语时,其后的表语从句也用这个结构即:The suggestion is that +主语
+should +do sth
His suggestion is that I should leave for Beijing immediately.
2.suggest 表示暗示或表明之意,注意此时做主语时后面的表语从句用陈述语气
Her yawn suggested that she was sleepy.她哈欠连天表明她困了。
17.If you ______ the Minister of Education, which subject would you rather have _______ from the College Entrance Examination?
A.are; included B.had been; been excluded
C.were to; include D.were; removed
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气和动词辨析。
句意为:假如你是教育部长,你愿意把哪一科从大学入学考试中删除?第一个空表示对将来的假设,be动词应该用were的虚拟,第二个空remove…from…表示“把……从……中去掉”,故选D。
18.He made the suggestion that we by train.
A.went B.would go
C.go D.had gone
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。
句意:他建议我们坐火车去。
名词suggestion后面的同位语从句使用虚拟语气should+动词原形;should可以省略。
故选C.
【点睛】
虚拟语气在表语从句和同位语从句的用法
在proposal, suggestion, order, requirement, desire, decision, advice, plan, necessity等表示提议、要求、命令等名词的后面的表语从句和同位语从句中,可用“动词原形”或“should +动词原形”虚拟语气。
His suggestion is that the meeting be put off.他的建议是推迟开会。
He made the suggestion that we go by train.他建议我们坐火车去。
19.Education helps open the mind and provides possibilities that a person ______ otherwise. A.wouldn’t have B.shall not have
C.didn’t have D.doesn’t have
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。
句意:教育帮助开阔视野,也提供一个原本没有的可能性。
分析句子可知,that a person ______ otherwise.为限制性定语从句修饰先行词possibilities,而从句中otherwise否则可知,从句为虚拟条件状语从句,相当于a person wouldn’t have possibilities if there was not education,故选A。
【点睛】
含蓄条件状语从句。
有些句子,虽没有含条件关系的连词,却也隐含着条件关系,被叫做含蓄条件状语从句,这些句子常用一些词,如but for, without,otherwise等引出一个介词结构来表示条件,条件应该是虚拟的,或与事实相反的假设。
比如but for 若非,要不是You may consider it useless, but for our customers it's an all-important sign of good service. 您也许会认为这样毫无用处,可是对于我们的客户而言,它却是优质服务的重要体现。
without 如果没有...就不...You can't have one without the other, as the song says.就像歌里唱的那样,两者密不可分,不能只取其一。
Otherwise否则,This is the one blemish on an otherwise resounding success. 如果没有这个小小的失误,这就是一次彻底的胜利。
20.If Wu Dajing _____ the record in 2018 Winter Olympics. he would not be world famous now. A.hadn't broken
B.hasn't broken
C.didn't break
D.doesn't break
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。
句意:如果2018年武大靖没有打破世界纪录,他现在就不会世界闻名。
本句考查了条件状语从句虚拟语气中的错综条件句,if从句与过去事实相反,所以用过去完成时,主句与现在事实相反,用“情态动词+动词原形”。
故A项正确。
21.–Thank you for your assistance, without ___I might have been in danger.
--That’s all right, anyone in my place ________ the same thing.
A.that; will do B.it, would
C.which; can have done D.which; would have done
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
考查非限制性定语从句和虚拟语气。
句意:——谢谢你的帮助,没有你的帮助我可能会有危险。
——没关系,无论是谁处在我这样的位置,都会这么做的。
without ___I might have been in danger.是一个非限制性定语从句,先行词是your assistance,介词+关系代词引导的定语从句,指物,只能用which;与过去事实相反的假设,其句子结构为:从句:If+主语+过去完成时+其他,主句:主语+should(would, could, might)+现在完成时+其他,故选D。
22.The villagers are extremely grateful to the workers, without whose help the road to the village______.
A.can’t be built B.mustn’t be built
C.couldn’t have been built D.mustn’t ha ve been built
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。
句意:村民们非常感谢工人们,没有他们的帮助,这条通往村庄的道路就不可能被建成。
此处without whose引导的定语从句中用虚拟语气,相当于if引导的虚拟语气,与过去的事实相反,且定语从句的主语the road和build之间是被动关系,故答案为C。
23.There is a real possibility that these animals could be frightened, ________ a sudden loud noise.
A.being there B.should there be
C.there was D.there having been
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气和倒装句。
句意:如果突然有很大的响声,这些动物就真的有可能会受到惊吓。
本句是一个省略了if的虚拟条件句,并且是与将来相反,从句可以使用“should+动词原形”;原句为:If there should be a sudden loud noise, these animals could be frightened.。
故选B。
24.If he had been working hard, he ______ in the office now. However, he didn’t.
A.would be working B.were to be working C.was working D.should work
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。
句意:如果他过去一直努力工作,现在就坐在办公室工作了。
然而,他没有。
根据“However, he didn’t.”可知,此句是混合虚拟语气。
If从句与过去事实相反,主句与现在事实相反。
与现在相反的虚拟语气的主句可用would/could/ might +动词原形。
根据语境及时间状语“now”可知,此处是指现在正在工作,因此要用进行时,故选A。
【点睛】
一、虚拟语气在if引导的条件句中的用法
虚拟语气用于表示说话人所说的并不是事实,而是一种假设或愿望,往往与事实相反。
1. 表示与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句
If+主语+动词的过去式(be用were),主语+would(should/ could/might)+动词原形
1) If I were you, I would study English.如果我是你,我就会学英语。
2)I would certainly go if I had time.如果有时间的话,我一定会去的。
2. 表示与过去事实相反的拟条件句
If+主语+ had done,主语+would(should /could/ might)+ have done
1) If you had taken my advice, you would not have missed the test. 如果你接受了我的建议,你就不会错过考试。
3.表示与将来事实相反的虚拟条件句。
If+主语+should(were to)+动词原形/动词的过去式,主语+would(could /should /might)+动词原形。
If it were to rain tomorrow, the meeting would be put off. 如果明天下雨,会议就会推迟了。
二、错综时间虚拟条件句。
即条件从句与主句所指时间不一致,如从句指过去,而主句即指的是现在或将来,此时应根据具体的语境情况,结合上面提到的三种基本类型对时态作相应的调整:
If it had rained last night, the ground would be wet now. 要是昨晚下雨的话,现在地面就会是湿的。
25.Just my luck! _____ my umbrella this morning, I wouldn’t be trapped here now. A.Should I take B.Had I taken C.Were I to take D.Would I take
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气的倒装。
句意:我太倒霉了!如果我今天早上带了雨伞,我现在就不会被困在这儿了。
根据句意可知,该句是虚拟语气,根据this morning判断从句是对过去情况的虚拟,从句应用过去完成时had done表达,又从句中省略了if,故将助动词had提前,构成部分倒装句;完整结构是if I had taken ,省略之后是had I taken。
故选B项。
【点睛】
本题考查虚拟语气的倒装
在if引导的虚拟条件状语从句中,如果从句有were, had(助动词),should可以省略if然后将它们置于句首。
例如:
If I were you, I would choose to stay at home.= were I you, I would choose to stay at home.如果我是你,我就选择待在家。
If you had taken my advice yesterday, you would be better now.=had you taken my advice yesterday, you would be better now.如果你昨天听了我的话,你现在就好多了。
If it should snow tomorrow, we would make a big snowman.=should it snow tomorrow, we would make a big snowman.万一明天下雪,我们就堆个大大的雪人。
26.In the past, if someone like me had failed to get into university through the college exam, he ___________ no chance of getting a degree.
A.would have B.had C.had had D.would have had 【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。
句意:在过去,如果像我这样的人没有通过考试考上大学,他就没有机会获得学位。
根据“In the past, if someone like me had failed to get into university through the college exam”可知,此处表示与过去事实相反的假设,从句谓语用had+过去分词,主句谓语用would/could/should/might+过去分词,故D项正确。
27.Without your instruction, I ___________ such great progress.
A.cannot make B.will not make C.had not made D.could not have made
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。
句意:如果没有你的指导,我不可能有这么大的进步。
根据语境可知“指导”这一动作发生在过去,此处表示对过去的虚拟,主句谓语用could/would
/should/might(not) have done,故D项正确。
28.Bob ______ his fortune; otherwise, he ______ from stress to pay back the loan.
A.must have made; wouldn’t have suffered
B.couldn’t have made; would have suffered
C.must have made; would have suffered
D.couldn’t have made; wouldn’t suffer
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
考查情态动词和虚拟语气。
句意:鲍勃一定发了财,否则,他会承受偿还贷款的压力。
otherwise前是对过去事情的推测,must + have + done表示对已发生事情的肯定推测,意为一定做过某事,一定已经做过某事,想必已经做过某事,该结构只用于肯定的陈述句中。
otherwise 意为否则,要不然,根据其后的句意,是不真实的,句子要用虚拟语气,且是与过去的事实相反的虚拟语气,要用should/would/might/could+ have done,故选C。
【点睛】
1、must用在肯定句中表示较有把握的推测,意为“一定”。
2、must表对现在的状态或现在正发生的事情的推测时,must 后面通常接系动词be 的原形或行为动词的进行式。
如,You have worked hard all day .You must be tired.你辛苦干一整天,一定累了。
He must be working in his office. 他一定在办公室工作呢。
3、must 表示对已发生的事情的推测时,must 要接完成式。
如,I didn’t hear the phone. I must have been asleep.我刚才没有听到电话,我想必是睡着了。
4、must表示对过去某时正发生的事情的推测,must 后面要接完成进行式。
如,——Why didn’t you answer my phone call?
——Well, I must have been sleeping,so I didn’t hear it.
29.— My mom suggested I ________ the SAT test and go to the US for further study.
— I would rather you _______ at home.
A.take, stay B.take, stayed C.went, stay D.went, stayed
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。
句意:——我妈妈建议我参加SAT考试去美国深造。
——我宁愿你呆在家里。
分析句子可知,表“建议”的suggest后接了一个宾语从句,宾语从句谓语动词用虚拟语气,即从句谓语动词用(should)+动词原形,should可以省略,所以第一空用take;would rather后接句子,句子谓语动词用虚拟语气,分析语境可知,此句是表现在的愿望,所以句子谓语动词用一般过去时,第二空应用stayed。
故选B项。
【点睛】
第一、英语中有“4”“3”“2”“1”动词,这些动词后面的宾语从句谓语动词用虚拟语气,即从句谓语动词用(should)+动词原形,should可以省略。
4——四个表示“要求”的词,require,ask,tell,demand;3——三个表示“建议”的词,suggest, recommend,advice;2——两个表示“命令”的词,order,command; 1——一个表示“坚持”的词,insist。
第二、would rather后接句子时,句子谓语习惯上要用虚拟语气,具体用法为:
1、表示现在或将来的愿望,句子谓语用一般过去时;
2、表过去的愿望,句子谓语用过去完成时。
如本题中,两空都是虚拟语气,表“建议”的suggest后接了一个宾语从句,从句谓语动词用(should)+动词原形,should可以省略,所以第一空用take;would rather后接句子,此句是表现在的愿望,所以句子谓语动词用一般过去时,第二空应用stayed。
故选B项。
30.If he more careful, he would have got much better results in the finals.
A.had been B.was
C.has been D.were
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。
句意:如果他更仔细些,他会在期末考试中得到更好的成绩。
根据句意和主句中的谓语动词would have got可推断,空格处所在句子表示与过去相反的假设,从句中的谓语动词用过去完成时。
故选A。