高考英语语篇型填空方法技巧

高考英语语篇型填空方法技巧
一、分类突破重技巧
1.考查词“性”的变化
(1) 根据构词法和逻辑关系确定答案
例1 Jane knew from the past experience that her (choose)of ties hardly ever pleased her father.
解析：设空处在从句中作主语,应用名词或动名词,而空后又有of短语作定语,所以填choice。

答案：choice
例2 I'm (true)sorry that I can't accompany you to the bookstore next Monday.
解析：sorry在句中为形容词,要用true的副词形式来修饰,所以填truly。

答案：truly
例3 There is no doubt that doing exercise is of great (important).
解析：本题考查“be+of+抽象名词”结构。

be of importance=be important,所以填importance。

答案：importance
2.考查谓语动词的曲折变化
例4 In Logan,three people (take)to a hospital,while others were treated at a local clinic.
解析：根据下文中的were treated(一般过去时的被动语态)可知,此空需用一般过去时。

根据题意可知,此空还需用被动语态,主语为three people,故答案为were taken。

答案：were taken
例5 At that time, soda pop was sold in bottles,and they were washed and (fill)
again.
解析：分析句子结构可知,主语they与fill之间为被动关系,设空处前已经有了be动词were,故设空处应填filled。

答案：filled
例6 My mother often said to me, “ (work)hard if you want to make more progress in your study.”
解析：根据直接引语中的句意和句子结构可判断,if从句前为祈使句,所以填动词原形Work。

答案：Work
3.考查非谓语动词的曲折变化
例7 When I was a young boy about 8 years old,my younger sister and I got the idea to buy something for my mother for Mother's Day.Money was hard (make). 解析：设空处所在的句子结构完整,根据句子结构可判断空格处作状语,be+表示难、易、好、坏等的形容词时,后面用不定式的主动形式作状语,故答案为to make。

答案：to make
例8 It rained heavily in the south, (cause)serious flooding in several provinces.
解析：cause与其逻辑主语之间为主动关系,故使用现在分词causing作结果状语。

答案：causing
例9 The dictionary (sell)in the bookstore is very popular among students. 解析：分析句子结构可知,空格处作dictionary的后置定语,sell与被修饰的名词dictionary 构成被动关系,所以填sell的过去分词sold。

答案：sold
4.考查词“数”的变化
例10 It's reported that a great many (zoo)will be built all over the country. 解析：根据空格前的信息词a great many可判断空格处应使用复数名词,所以填zoos。

答案：zoos
例11 As far as I know, one of the (novel)you gave him the other day is very interesting.
解析：根据空格前的信息词one of可判断空格处应使用复数名词,所以填novels。

答案：novels
5.考查词“级”的变化
例12 The other frog went on jumping as hard as he could...He jumped
even (hard)and finally made himself out.
解析：联系前句,又有even(更加)的提示,可知设空处用比较级,故答案为harder。

答案：harder
例13 The higher you stand,the (far) you will see.
解析：本题考查“the+比较级...,the+比较级...”句式。

故空格处用far的比较级形式,即farther。

答案:farther
6.考查词“格”的变化
例14 Tom's English is good in our class, but (I)is much better than his.
解析:分析句子结构可知,空格处作主语,意为“我的英语”,应使用I的名词性物主代词,所以填mine。

答案:mine
例15 At that time, I tried my best to make (me)understood by all my friends. 解析：分析句子结构可知,空格处作make的宾语,故填me的反身代词myself。

答案：myself
二、无提示词的语篇型填空题的解题技巧
1.考查代词
例1 When stresses throw your nervous system out of balance,relaxation techniques can bring back into a balanced state.
解析：根据语境可知,此处应用it指代上文的your nervous system。

答案：it
例2 The two girls are so alike that strangers find difficult to tell one from the other.
解析：句意:这两个女孩长得如此相像以至于陌生人很难把她们区分开。

在so...that引导的结果状语从句中,谓语动词find的真正宾语是to tell one from the other,所以空格处为形式宾语,故使用it。

答案：it
例3 In order to find a better job, he decided to study second foreign language.
解析：句意:为了找到一份更好的工作,他决定再学习一门外语。

在“不定冠词+序数词+名词”结构中,不定冠词与序数词连用表示“又一,再一”;而在“定冠词+序数词+名词”结构中,定冠词与序数词连用表示顺序。

根据句意及上述用法且second以辅音音素开头可确定答案为a。

答案：a
2.考查冠词和介词
例4 The only reason why a man would sell his house a lower price would be that he needed money badly.
解析：a lower price在句中不作主语,也不作动词的宾语,故应为介词的宾语,根据习惯搭配可
知用介词at。

答案：at
例5 Tired, Jim was fast asleep with his back a big tree.
解析：句意:吉姆太累了,背靠一棵大树很快就进入梦乡了。

表示“靠着,倚着”应使用介词against。

答案：against
3.考查并列连词和主从复合句
例6 I wanted to see as much of the city as possible in the two days I was to return to Guangzhou.
解析：根据语境和空格前后的逻辑关系可知,“参观这个城市尽可能多的地方”应是在“返回广州”之前,故填before。

答案：before
例7 As a matter of fact, Tom didn't like the present, was given by his father. 解析：分析句子结构并结合语境可判断此处考查非限制性定语从句。

先行词为present,指“物”,且关系词在从句中作主语,所以应用关系代词which。

答案：which
例8 Behind him were other people to he was trying to talk.
解析：分析句子结构可知,此处应填一个定语从句的关系词,先行词是people,关系词指人且作介词to的宾语,故应用关系代词whom。

答案：whom
例9 Actually, what I want to stress is we should take immediate measures to protect the environment.
解析：考查表语从句。

表语从句的结构和意义均完整,所以填that。

答案：that
方法集训
Exercise 1
On the first day of my first grade, I stood by the door with butterflies in my stomach.
I 1 (voice) my biggest concern to my mother, “How will I make friends?”She handed me advice, “Be yourself.”For the past 20 years, I have lived by these words. Soon I will graduate and become part of the real world. Nervously 2 (face) challenges, I know I will whisper to 3 (I) the two simple words “Be yourself”. 解析：1.voiced 考查动词的时态。

根据上文On the first day of my first grade可知此处是指发生在过去的事情,故用一般过去时。

2.facing 考查非谓语动词。

句意:当紧张地面对挑战的时候,我知道我将低声对自己说这两个简单的词“Be yourself”。

动词face与主语I构成逻辑上的主动关系,故使用现在分词facing 作伴随状语。

3.myself 考查反身代词。

此处指低声对自己说,主语和宾语指同一个人,故设空处应该填myself。

Exercise 2
Earth Day, 1 (mark) on 22 April, is an annual event aiming to raise public awareness about environmental protection. First celebrated 2 1970, the Day now includes events in more than 190 countries and regions(地区). No matter what you like to do, there is a way to get involved in various 3 (activity) on Earth Day. You can plant a tree, make a meal with locally grown vegetables, or save power—the possibilities are endless.
解析：1.marked 考查非谓语动词。

动词mark与Earth Day构成被动关系,故使用过去分
词作后置定语,说明地球日被庆祝的时间。

2.in 考查介词。

句意:地球日首次庆祝于1970年,现在它包括在190多个国家和地区举办的活动。

具体在哪一年用介词in。

3.activities 考查名词的数。

句意:无论你想做什么,在地球日这一天,都有一种参与各种活动的方式。

根据句中various可知,设空处应用名词的复数形式。

Exercise 3
Does the name of the college you attend really matter? Research on the question 1 (suggest)that, for most students, it doesn't. What students do at college seems to matter much more than 2 they go. The students benefitting most from college are those 3 are totally engaged(参与) in academic life, taking full advantage of the college's chances and resources(资源). Students should have a proper attitude towards college before thinking about which college to attend, and it's never too early to make necessary preparations for a healthy and 4 (meaning) college experience.
解析：1.suggests/suggested/has suggested 考查动词时态和主谓一致。

句意:对这个问题的研究表明,对大部分学生来说无所谓。

根据it doesn't可知是现在的情况,故suggest用一般现在时或现在完成时,但该从句所表达的是客观事实,故主句谓语动词用一般过去时也可以。

句子的主语research表示单数意义,故答案为suggests/suggested/has suggested。

2.where 考查连接副词。

句意:学生们在大学里所做的事似乎要比他们上哪所大学重要得多。

设空处缺少地点状语,故填where。

3.who 考查定语从句。

句意:从大学中最受益的学生是那些全力地参与学术生活,同时充分利用大学机会和资源的人。

设空处引导定语从句,先行词是those,指人,关系词在从句中作主语,指代学生,故此处填关系代词who。

4.meaningful 考查形容词。

college experience 是名词短语,应该用形容词来修饰,且设空处所填词和healthy并列,故设空处应用meaning的形容词形式meaningful“有意义的”。