同位语从句

同位语从句
一、同位语
1.定义：同位语是句子成分的一种，它位于名词、代词后面，说明它们的性质和情况，它可以由名词、代
词、数词、名词性短语或从句充当。

2.同位语的表现形式：
1）名词、代词、数词等在句中作同位语。

I lived with my aunt Anna.(名词)
He wants to buy a shirt, one that is not expensive but nice.。

（代词）
She is the oldest among them six.(数词)
2）名词短语、形容词短语、动名词短语、不定式短语作同位语。

Is this your purpose, to avoid being punished? (不定式短语)
Professor Smith, a football fan, often watches football games on TV.(名词短语)
3）同位语从句在句中作同位语
He told me the news that the president had been murdered.(从句)
二、同位语从句
1.定义：在复合句中充当同位语的从句叫“同位语从句”。

它一般跟在某些
抽象名词的后面，用于说明该名词表示的具体内容。

常见的这类名词有news, fact, idea, thought, promise, suggestion, order, 等。

2.引导词|：
1）连词：that, whether
2）连接副词：when/where/why/how /whenever/wherever/however
3）连接代词：what/who/whom/whose/which/whatever/whoever/whomever/whosever/whichever
三、同位语从句与定语从句的区别：
1.先行词：同位语从句的先行词是抽象名词；
定语从句的先行词是具体、抽象名词或代词。

2.
3.引导词
四、同位语从句常见句型：
1）have no idea +同位语从句
Sorry, I really have no idea where she lives.
Have you any idea when she is leaving for Beijing?
2）have an idea + that引导同位语从句
I have an idea that she won’t leave me whatever happens.
3）there is no need/ no doubt + that引导同位语从句
There is no need that you worry about his safety, you see, he is a big boy now.
There is no doubt that he is devoted to you.
4）there is (great) doubt + 同位语从句
There is great doubt who have stolen the car .
5）Word came +that引导同位语从句(为了使句子结构更加平衡，抽象名词作主语而后面接有一个同位语从句时，往往把同位语从句后置。

)
Word came that the playground in our school would be replaced by a gym.
Information has been put forward that more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities.
The question came up at the meeting whether we had enough money for our research.
五、巩固练习：
（一）判断以下从句类型，并填上合适的引导词。

1.The order came that the soldiers leave the small village the next morning.
2.His suggestion __ that __ the meeting be delayed was turned down.
3.The fact that he was successful proves his ability.
4.The news _that ___ he was kidnapped surprised us greatly.
5. I've come from the government with a message __ that __ the meeting won't be held tomorrow.
6.The thought __ that __ he might fail in the exam worried him.
7.The nurses are trying their best to reduce the patient's fear __ that __ he would die of the disease.
8.He often asked me the question __ whether __ the work was worth doing.
9.One of the men held the view _ that __ what the book said was right.
10. Now there is a danger _____ that ___ the ground may fall in (沉下) under the heavy traffic.
11. Rumor got around that she’s having an affair with her boss.
12.He left word with my secretary that he would call tonight.
13.It’s hard to describe how excited I was when I heard from Peking University.
14. I know nothing about her but that she is from Canada.
15. A man’s worth lies not so much in what he has as in what he is.
16. Have you seen Henry lately My boss wants to know how he is getting along.
17. He asked me what wrong was with me.
18. Output is now six times what it was before liberation.
19.Do you know what the population of the world is.
20.It is not always easy for the public to see what use a new invention can be of to human life.
精选文库
21.No one can be sure what man will look like in a million years.
22.It is hard to imagine what life was like for the slaves in the past.
23. It remains to be seen whether the newly-elected president is popular with his people.
24. If you know who it was that wrote A Tale of Two Cities, raise your hand.
（二）对比练习（语法填空）
1.(1)Is this where we met them last night.？
(2)Is this the place where we met them last night？
(3)Is this the place that/which we visited last night？
(4)Is this the same place as we visited last night?
2.(1)I asked her in English what she was, and she told me that she was an actress.
(2)I asked her in English who the man was, and she told me that he is her father.
3.(1)It is consider unwise to give a child whatever he/she wants.
(2)What we can’t get seems better than what we have.
4.(1)Whoever broke the window must pay for it.
(2)It is not known yet who broke the window.
(3)Whoever studies hard will pass the exam with ease.
(4)Those who study hard will pass the exam with ease.
(5)Anyone who studies hard will pass the exam with ease.
5.(1)He always thinks of what he can do for others.
(2)He always thinks of how he can do more for others.
6.(1)--What do you like about the painting?
--The lovely birds are what make me interested in it.
(2)--How do you like the painting?
--I am interested in it, especially the lovely birds in it.
7.(1)It excited us Chinese greatly that Liu Xiang won the Olympic Campion of the 110-meter hurdle race.
(2)What excited us Chinese greatly is that Liu Xiang won the Olympic Campion of the 110-meter hurdle race.
8.(1)I have no idea how he gets on with his classmates.
(2)I have no idea whether he gets on well with his classmates.
(3)I have no idea where he has gone, perhaps abroad.
(4)I have no idea when he will start, perhaps tomorrow morning.
(5)I have no idea what we can do with these waste materials.
(6)I have no idea who wiil take his place when he is away.
(7)I have no idea whose book it is on the desk.
(8)I have no idea which he likes most of all these books.
9.(1)As is known to us all, paper was first made in China.
(2)It is known to us all that paper was first made in China.
(3)What is known to us all is that paper was first made in China.
10.
(1)The reason why he failed was that he hadn’t taken my advice.
(2)The reason for which he failed was that he hadn’t taken my advice.
(3)The only reason that he could give us was that he failed to catch the bus.
精选文库11.(1)Here comes the question what we should do with so much e-waste.
(2)The question who will take his place is still under discussion.
(3)This question that/which he asked just now remains unsettled.
12.(1)There is some doubt whether he is the man who robbed the boy.
(2)There is no doubt that he is the man who robbed the boy.
(3) I doubt whether he is the man who robbed the boy.
(4)I don’t doubt that he is the man who robbed the boy.
13.(1)The suggestion that the meeting be put off proved right.
(2)The suggestion which/that was made by our headmaster is that the meeting be put off.
14.(1)-- I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.
-- Is that why you had a few days off?
(2)--I was late for school again this morning.
-- Is that because you got up late again?
15.(1)It was a matter of who would take the position.
(2)Our country has thousands of excellent scientists, most of whom have received higher education at home.
(3)Do you know who he expects will give us a talk ?
(4)Do you know he is the person whom I have learnt a lot from?
16.(1)After five day’s climbing the mountain, they reached what they thought wa s the place they’d been dreaming of.
(2)After a long flight, they arrived at what we now call Mexico.
(3)After three days’ hiking, they reached what we know as the Andes .
（三）单句改错
1.This is certain that his invention will lead to the development of production. This改为It
2.The thought which he might fail in the exam worried him. which改为that
3.Have you any idea how quick light travels ? quick改为quickly
4.His suggestion that we would go to see the art exhibition interested every one of us.
would改为should或把would删除
5.He made that quite clear that he wouldn’t change his mind.第一个that改为it
6.He got angry with whomever was against his opinion. whomever改为whoever
7.He ran back into the room to see if he left anything behind. left 前加had
8. It is still not decided which should be our headmaster. which改为who
9. It depends on if we have enough time. if改为whether
10. Please give the book to whom wins the first prize. whom改为whoever
11. Where do you think we can get this machine?Where改为who
12. Who is that spoke first? That 前加it
13. His success was because of the fact which he had been working hard. which改为that
14. The reason why I didn't go to Shanghai was because I got a new job. because改为that
15. When and why he came here are not known yet. are改为is
16. Why the explosion occurred was because the laboratory attendant had been careless. because改为that
17. She is pleased with what you have given him and all what you have told him.
what改为that 或把what删除，或把all删除
18. Last Sunday he made a promise that he was free he would take me to Qingdao.
he前加if
19.After ten years, she has changed a lot and looks different from who she used to be. who改为what
20. I hate when my mother asks me to eat eggs.when前加it。