高一英语下学期期末大串讲专题04 语法填空练习 提高版 (解析版)

2019-2020学年第二学期高一英语期末复习专题四.语法填空专项练习（基础版.含完型填空练习30篇）
部分语料改编历年全国卷和地方卷
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks,use one word that best fits each blank. (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
第一篇
2019年全国卷I
The polar bear is found in the Arctic Circle and some big land masses as far south as Newfoundland. While they are rare north of 88°, there is evidence 1 they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada. It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been 2 (poor) studied; however, biologists calculate that there are about 20,000-25,000 polar bears worldwide.
Modern methods 3 tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s, and are expensive 4 (perform) consistently over a large area. In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut 5 (report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a 6 (believe) that populations are increasing. Scientists have responded by 7 (note) that hungry bears may be congregating(聚集) around human settlements, leading to the illusion(错觉) that populations are 8 (high) than they actually are. Of 9 nineteen recognized polar bear sub-populations, three are declining, six 10 (be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.
【答案】
1.that
2.poorly
3.of/for
4.to perform
5.have reported
6.belief
7.noting
8.higher
9.the10.are
【解析】
1.同位语从句，说明evidence的内容，引导词为that
2.副词修饰动词studied，poorly
3.此处需要一个介词，把“现代方法”和“追踪北极熊的数量”连起来，表示“追踪北极熊数量的现代方法”of
4.动词不定式做定语，are expensive to perform
5.时间状语in recent years，动词要用现在完成时，主语为some Inuit people为复数形式，所以为have reported
6.产生了这样一个观念/信念，belief
7.介词by后的动词要变成动名词构成介宾结构，noting
8.后面的than提示，前面的形容词要用比较级，higher
9.带有修饰成分的名词前面要用定冠词，19个被承认的北极熊亚种群
10.一般现在时态，说明目前的状态，主语为six sub-populations，此处为are
第二篇
On Aug 12, I started the second day of my visit to the United States. My mother’s old classmate, 1. ________ has lived there for a while, came with me. I soon found that the US is 2. ________ (true) a “nation on wheels”.
I spent most of my day 3. ________ (ride) in the car. I could see the endless land and lots of trucks going past. There are many gas stations along the road. They not only provide drivers 4. ________ food, showers and beds, but also services like truck repair.
It’s not just truck drivers on the country’s roads, but many bikers can 5. ________ (see) as well. They’re called “Harley knights (骑士)” 6. ________ most of their vehicles are Harley Davidson motorcycles. They have their luggage 7. ________ (tie) to the backs of their bikes and ride through the broad lands of the US. The 8. ________ (excite) music they listen to while riding their motorcycles beats together with their young hearts. These bikers stand for the passionate (热情的) on-the-road spirit of the US. They long to be close to the road and enjoy 9. ________ (they). At one gas station, we 10. ________ (meet) four “Harley knights” who were in their 70s. I envy these bikers, as they are living such colorful lives.
【答案】
1.who
2. truly
3. riding
4. with
5. be seen
6. because
7. tied
8. exciting
9. themselves 10. met
【解析】
1.定语从句先行词为My mother’s old classmate，关系词为who
2.副词修饰整个句子，truly
3.花时间做某事，spend...doing ...，riding
4.提供给某人某物，provide sb with sth，此处缺少介词with
5.含有情态动词的被动语态，能够被看到，be seen
6.他们被称作“哈雷骑士”，因为他们大部分人都骑着哈雷摩托。

因果关系，because
7.他们把行李困在自行车的后面，have在此句中的意思是“使得”，tie和前面的名词luggage是被动关系，
所以此处为动词的过去分词，tied
8.excite变成形容词，修饰事物的特征，exciting
9.玩得开心，enjoy oneself，此处为themselves
10.一般过去时，动词变成过去式，met
第三篇
As a boy, Charles Darwin showed a great interest in living things. He loved to walk through the woods,
1.________(look) at plants and birds. At the age of 8, Darwin
2.________(send) to school, where he studied Latin, classical literature and ancient history. Young Darwin thought that these subjects were boring and useless. He preferred
3.________ (science) studies. As a result, he did
4.________(poor) in his school lessons.
In 1828, Darwin's father, who was very strict 5.________ his son, sent him to Cambridge and he became a student of Professor John Henslow. Upon graduation, Professor Henslow asked him 6.________ (go) with Captain Fitzroy on a survey trip around the world.During the voyage, Darwin collected rocks, bones and
7.________(insect). He noted what he observed.
The widely 8.________(accept) theory in those days was that God created all the creatures on earth. In 1859, Darwin published his famous book, The Origin of Species, in 9.________ he explained his famous theory of evolution (进化)．
Today, Charles Darwin is recognized as one of 10.________ greatest scientists the world has ever seen for his great achievements.
【答案】
1.Looking
2.was sent
3.scientific
4.poorly
5. with
6. to go
7.insects
8.accepted
9.which10.the
【解析】本文是记叙文。

本章介绍了世界著名生物学家达尔文的生平事迹。

1.Looking，looking at plants and birds是现在分词短语作方式状语，表示伴随情况或方式(分词动作look
与逻辑主语之间是主动关系)。

2. was sent，主语Darwin是动作send的承受者，用被动语态；这里说的是过去的事，用一般过去时。

3. scientific，空白处所填词在句中作定语，修饰名词studies，故用其形容词形式。

4. poorly，空白处所填词在句中修饰整个句子，故用其副词形式。

5.with，be strict with sb.意为“对某人要求严格”。

6.to go，ask sb.to do sth.意思是“让某人做某事”。

7.insects，根据空前的rocks和bones可知，此处填insect的复数形式。

8.accepted，过去分词accepted作定语，修饰theory(分词动作accept与被修饰词theory之间是被动关系)。

9.which，in which he explained his famous theory of evolution是“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句，修饰
先行词his famous book。

10.the，形容词最高级前用定冠词the。

第四篇
One day, a homeless man 1. _________ (name) Charlie drove his electric wheelchair into my office. His wheelchair was running out of power.
I pushed him around the office, 2. _________ (look) for a place to charge his wheelchair. My colleague Diane noticed us and asked Charlie if his chair was 3. _________ (die) and how long he had owned it.
Charlie told us that he had owned it for about three years. He didn’t have much money 4. _________ (replace) the battery (电池). So he usually just pushed 5. _________ (he) around using his right foot.
Diane said that her family had an old wheelchair 6. _________ wasn’t being used. She asked Charlie if he would like it. Charlie said yes.
Diane left and came back about an hour later 7. _________ a wheelchair. I didn’t know much about wheelchairs, 8. _________ I could tell that this wheelchair was nice. Charlie liked it very much. However, Diane told us that there was one small problem with it. The chair couldn’t be charged. We 9. _________ (take) it to a shop just a block away to get it working again. Before long, the wheelchair 10. _________ (repair). Charlie got his new “legs” and thanked Diane for her generous (慷慨的) gift.
【答案】1. named 2. looking 3. dead 4. to replace 5. himself
6. that/which
7. with
8. but
9. took 10. was repaired
【解析】
d，动词带过去分词作后置定语，与前面的名词构成被动关系。

2.looking，非谓语动词，动词的现在分词作方式状语，表示主句的伴随状态。

3.dead，系动词+形容词，描述主语的状态，dead
4.to replace，动词不定式作后置定语，修饰前面的名词，换电池的钱，to replace
5.himself，因为电动轮椅没有电池了，所以他只能用右脚推着自己动，他自己，反身代词，himself
6.that/which，定语从句，先行词为wheelchair，在定语从句中中担任主语，that/which
7.with，名词a wheelchair前面需要一个介词，表示“带着”，with
8.but，我不太懂轮椅，但是我能看出来这是一个很好的轮椅。

转折关系，but
9.took，这篇文章描述了过去发生的一件事，整体用一般过去时，此处为took
10.was repaired，很快，轮椅就被修好了。

一般过去时的被动语态，was repaired
第五篇
Gavin was a famous jockey (骑师). One day, he was about to enter 1. ______ important race on a new horse. The horse’s trainer told Gavin: “This is a great horse. But there is one important thing you need 2. ______ (remember). Every time you get close to a hurdle (障碍), you have to shout, ‘Alley-oop!’ loudly in the horse’s ear.”
Gavin thought the trainer was crazy, 3. ______ he promised to do what he was told.
The race began and Gavin reached the first hurdle while riding the horse. But he didn’t follow the trainer’s advice and the horse crashed (撞) straight into the hurdle, 4. ______ (injure) both itself and Gavin.
However, they kept on racing and 5. ______ (arrive) at the second hurdle. Gavin felt 6. ______ (embarrass) to say “Alley-oop!” loudly, so he whispered it into the horse’s ear instead. But once again, the horse crashed into the hurdle instead of jumping over it.
At the third hurdle, Gavin thought: “It’s no good. I have to do it right or I 7. ______ (lose)!” So this time, he yelled “Alley-oop!” loudly.
The horse jumped right over the hurdle. This went on for the rest of the race. But Gavin and the horse ended up finishing third, as 8. ______ had lost time due to crashing into the hurdles.
The trainer 9. ______ (angry) asked Gavin what went wrong. Gavin answered: “Nothing is wrong 10. ______ me. It’s this horse. Is he deaf?”
The trainer said: “Deaf? No, he’s not deaf. He’s blind!”
【答案】1. an 2. to remember 3. but 4. injuring 5. arrived
6. embarrassed
7. will lose
8. they
9. angrily 10. with
【解析】
1.an，他将要参加一次重要的比赛。

an important race
2.to remember，need to do, 此处为to remember
3.but，Gavin觉得教练简直是疯了，但是他答应会那样做。

转折关系，but
4.injuring，非谓语动词，动词的现在分词作结果状语，injuring
5.arrived，and连接两个动词，kept 和arrived
6.embarrassed，Gavin感到很尴尬，描述人的感受，embarrass需要变成embarrassed
7.will lose，不妙呀，我必须得那样做，否则我就会输掉。

一般将来时，will lose
8.they，因为他们失去了时间，根据上文提示，But Gavin and the horse ended up finishing third, 此处为they
9.angrily，副词修饰动词，angrily
10.with，something/nothing/ is wrong with.....有问题，出了故障，with
第六篇
Can you tell the time on 1. ______ analog clock (指针时钟)? Hopefully you can – it’s the only way 2. ______ (know) the time when taking exams.
However, some high schools in the UK will remove analog clocks 3. ______ exam halls and use digital 4. ______ instead. The reason is that 5. ______ (teenage) are unable to read the correct time on analog clocks. They are used to 6. ______ (see) the time on their phone, or on their computer. Nearly everything they’ve got is digital.
Teachers want their students to feel as 7. ______ (relax) as possible during exams. Having a 8. ______ (tradition) clock in the room could make students feel stressed out. Many of them might raise their hands to ask 9. ______ time it is during an exam.
The schools are trying to make everything as easy and straightforward as possible for students during their exams. Another advantage of using digital clocks 10. ______ (be) that students are less likely to get the time wrong.【答案】1. an 2. to know 3. from 4. ones 5. teenagers
6. seeing
7. relaxed
8. traditional
9. what 10. is
【解析】
1.an，analog为原因开头的单词，所以此处为an
2.to know，名词被only, last,序数词修饰，后面如果有动词作后置定语，要用动词不定式，to know
3.from，remove...from...把...从...移除
4.ones，替代前面的clocks，而且前面有形容词digital，这里应该用一个名词，ones
5.teenagers，青少年，teenagers
6.seeing，be used to doing...习惯于...seeing
7.relaxed，让学生们感到放松，描述学生们的感受，relax需要变成relaxed
8.traditional，形容词，传统的，traditional
9.what，问时间，what time
10.is，这句话的主语是Another advantage，可数单数名词，后面的动词要用单数形式，is
第七篇
Clowns are supposed 1. ________ (bring) fun to people, and performing in theaters is one way of 2. ________ (do) that. Many clowns have white faces with red or black lips, and they wear loose clothes and a tall pointy hat. They might not speak 3. ________ use gestures and facial 4. ________ (express) to tell jokes.
Most clowns are 5. ________ (friend), but not everyone loves clowns and not all clowns are kind. Months ago in America and Europe, there were “crazy clowns” – people 6. ________ dressed like clowns and followed or chased people on 7. ________ streets.
This bad clown image can also 8. ________ (see) in movies or on TV. In the 2008 movie The Dark Knight, there’s a bad guy called The Joker. In his life he had lots of pain, so he thinks it’s funny to dress 9. ________ a crazy clown and hurt other people.
Clowns have two different 10. ________ (image), both good and bad. They can make us laugh, or even cry.【答案】1. to bring 2. doing 3. but 4. expressions 5. friendly
6. who
7. the
8. be seen
9. like/as10. images
【解析】
1.be supposed to do something，应该做某事，to bring
2.介词后的动词要变成动名词，构成介宾结构，doing
3.他们可能不说话，但是用面部表情来讲笑话。

转折关系，but
4.面部表情，facial expressions，由于前面没有表示单数的限定词，此处需要把名词变成复数，expressions
5.形容词，友好的，friendly
6.定语从句，先行词为people，关系词为who
7.在大街上，on the street
8.含有情态动词的被动语态，能够被看到，be seen
9.介词，像...一样，like
10.different后面的名词需要变成复数，images
第八篇
It was the night before my composition was meant to be finished. As I looked at the list of topics, “The Art of Eating Spaghetti” caught my eye. It brought back the memory of 1. ________ evening as a child when my parents served spaghetti during a family supper. 2. ________ of us had ever eaten it before, so there were many funny 3.
________ (argument) about the socially acceptable way to move spaghetti from our plate to our mouth. I thought about 4. ________ (choose) this experience for my composition, 5. ________ I wanted to write about it simply for my own joy, not just for my teacher. For him, I would write something else.
When I finished writing about the spaghetti supper, there 6. ________ (be) no time left to write another composition. I had no choice but to hand 7. ________ my work the next morning. Two days passed before my teacher returned the 8. ________ (grade) papers. He said, “Now, class, I want to read you a composition,” 9.
________ turned out to be mine. As he read my words out loud to the whole class, everyone laughed with enjoyment. It’s so simple to share 10. ________ (happy).
【答案】1. an 2. None 3. arguments 4. choosing 5. but/yet
6. was
7. in
8. graded
9. which10. happiness
【解析】作者写了一篇作文描述了童年时第一次吃意面的情景，获得了老师的好评，为同学们带来了欢乐。

1.作文的题目换气了我的回忆，一个吃意面的夜晚，an
2.此前我们没有人吃过意面，所以讨论怎么才能合乎礼节的把意面从盘子里转移到我们的嘴里。

None
3.前面many，后面的名词要变成复数,arguments
4.介词about后面的动词要变成动名词，choosing
5.但是我只想为了自己开心写这个作文，不是为了老师的作业。

But
6.一般过去时，no time为不可数名词，视作单数,was
7.交作业，hand in 此处考察动介词的搭配
8.动词的过去分词表示被动，被评分了的试卷，grade给...评分，此处为graded
9.定语从句，先行词为a composition，非限定性定语从句，关系词为which
10.分享快乐，happiness
第九篇
Do you have a pet? 1. ______ you do, congratulations, you are likely to have a 2. ______ (good) mental state than those who don’t, reported Time magazine.
According to the report, people with pets usually have lower blood pressure, a lower heart rate and a lower risk of 3. ______ (have) a heart attack. These benefits may come from extra exercise of walking and playing with
pets, and stress relief for having a good “friend”.
One study shows that 4. ______ (pet) living creatures can help people with 5. ______ (anxious), while animal toys have no effect at all.
In a 2016 study 6. ______ (publish) in the journal Gerontology, elderly people 7. ______ were given five crickets (蟋蟀) in a cage became happier than before.
Other researches studied the effect of pets 8. ______ children who have difficulty reading. When the children 9. ______ (ask) to read aloud to a dog and 10. ______ trainer, they were less upset.
“Their attitudes changed and their skills improved,” said Lisa Freeman, director of the Tufts Institute for Human-Animal Interaction in the United States.
【答案】1. If 2. better 3. having 4. petting 5. anxiety
6. published
7. who/that
8. on
9. were asked 10. its
【解析】
1.If，条件状语从句的引导词，如果，If，句首，首字母要大写
2.后面的提示词than说明前面的形容词需要变成比较级，better
3.介词后的动词需要变成动名词，having
4.动名词作主语，petting，爱抚
5.介词with 后面应该是一个名词，anxiety
6.动词的过去分词作后置定语，与前面的名词构成被动关系，published
7.定语从句，先行词为people, 关系词为who/that
8.对...的影响，the effects on...，所以此处为on
9.该项研究发生在过去，所以用一般过去时态，被动语态，孩子们被要求...were asked
10.此处指狗狗的训练者，its
第十篇
The US pilot Amelia Earhart (1897 – 1937), a pioneer in aviation, was the first woman to fly across the Atlantic Ocean. Her story ended in mystery when she 1.______( disappear) without a trace during a flight
2._____ the Pacific Ocean. Theories about what happened to Earhart were proposed, but nothing
3.______(confirm) – until now. A study conducted by Richard Jantz from the University of Tennessee, US, determined that bones
found in 1940 on a remote Pacific island belonged to Earhart.
Following the discovery, the world’s memories of the 4.______(legend) female pilot were brought back to life. Earhart was born in 1897. When she was young, she was very interested in stories about women 5._____ were successful in male-dominated professions, such as engineering and law.
But in 1920, Earhart’s life changed after her first experience of being a plane passenger. She knew that she loved flying, so she started to learn how to fly for herself. To pay for the lessons and buy a plane, she took all sorts of jobs.
In 1932, Earhart flew across the Atlantic, 6._______(become) the first woman ever to do so.
When she was nearly 40, Earhart was ready for a final challenge – to be the first woman to fly around the world. Her first attempt was7._____ (successful) but she tried again in 1937, with her 8.______( navigate) Fred Noonan. But one month later, they disappeared in bad weather in mid-flight.
Even though it’s still not clear 9.______ she ended up on the island, we’re one step closer to finding the answer. Earhart will 10.______(remember) as a brave pioneer, both as a pilot and as a woman.
【答案】1.disappeared 2.over 3.was confirmed 4.legendary 5.who
6.becoming
7.unsuccessful
8.navigator
9.how 10.be remembered 【解析】这篇文章讲述了美国第一位穿越太平洋的女飞行员Amelia Earhart 的故事。

1.描述过去的事情，用一般过去时态，disappeared
2.飞跃太平洋，fly over the Pacific Ocean
3.但是没有意见事情被确认，一般过去时的被动语态，was confirmed
4.形容词，传奇的，legendary
5.定语从句，先行词为women，关系词为who
6.动词的现在分词作结果状语，becoming
7.根据后面的提示，她于1937年再次试飞，可以知道第一次没有成功。

Unsuccessful
8.名词，导航员，navigator
9.她怎么到了这个岛上至今没人知道，how
10.一般将来时的被动语态，be remembered
第十一篇
Spend time in London and you’ll quickly gather that it’s really multicultural. Look around at your fellow passengers on the Tube (地铁) or the bus. They’re of every skin color and dress 1.______(different) to one another. Listen, and you’ll hear many other languages besides English. Some of these people are tourists who are in London to see the 2.______(sight). But others probably most – are just living their lives there.
Along 3._____ white British people, there are Britons from the Caribbean, India, China and many other places. This makes London a wonderful place 4._____(live). The reason is that when people settle in a place, they don’t just buy a house and live there, but bring aspects of the their own culture with them.
This can 5._____(see) from the number of restaurants 6.______(offer) dishes from different parts of the world. In a city 7.______ about 250 different languages are spoken, you can expect a wide range of foods 8.______(be) available. You would expect in one of the world’s leading cities to come across French, Italian, Chinese and Indian dishes. But in London you’ll also find Polish and Palestinian restaurants.
All of this makes London a very 9._______(surprise) and varied place. In the 18th century, the compiler (编纂者) of the first English dictionary, Samuel Johnson, once said: “He 10.______ is tired of London is tired of life.”【答案】1.differently 2.sights 3.with 4.to live 5.be seen
6.offering
7.where
8.to be
9.surprising 10.who
【解析】本篇描述伦敦是一个多元文化的大都市。

1.副词修饰动词，穿衣的方式各不相同，differently
2.观光，看风景sight作“风景”之意时，常常用复数形式，sights
3.Along with...与...在一起
4.动词不定式做后置定语，to live
5.含有情态动词的被动语态，be seen
6.非谓语动词，动词的现在分词作定语，和被修饰的名词构成主动关系，offering
7.定语从句，先行词为a city，关系词在定语从句中担任状语，关系词为where
8.expect sb to do...动词不定式作宾补，to be
9.surprise变成形容词，修饰事物，要变成surprising
10.定语从句，厌倦了伦敦的人也就厌倦了生活。

先行词为he，关系词应该为who
第十二篇
When it comes to the effects of climate change, we usually think of 1._____(melt) icebergs and rising sea levels. But few would imagine it could actually impact our mental health as well.
A recent study 2._____ ecoAmerica and the American Psychological Association found just that. It was discovered that disasters 3._____(link) to climate change could cause shock due to personal 4.______(injure), loss of a loved one, damage to property or even the loss of livelihood. When the negative emotions caused by these events 5._____(eventual) go away, they may be replaced by longer-term mental impacts.
For example, both suicides and suicidal thoughts more than doubled among people in Louisiana, US, after Hurricane Katrina 6._____(happen) in 2005, according to the report. Nearly half of the people living in the affected area developed anxiety or a mood disorder such as depression.
However, disasters 7.______(lonely) aren’t the only causes of climate change-related mental health problems. Changes in climate also harm agriculture and infrastructure, 8._____ in turn affect jobs and quality of life. As a result, some people 9._____(force) to leave their homes and become so-called climate refugees.
These effects can lead to a loss of personal and professional identity, or cause feelings of 10._____(help) and fear.
The effects can also have an impact on physical health. High levels of stress and anxiety are likely to cause conditions such as a weakened immune system.
【答案】1.melting 2.by 3.linked 4.injuries 5.eventually
6.happened
7.alone
8.which
9.are forced 10.helplessness
【解析】气候变化不仅会对我们的身体产生影响，也会对我们心理健康产生影响。

1.考察非谓语动词，动词额现在分词作定语，表示正在进行，melting
2.介词，表示“被/由...来做”，by
3.考察非谓语动词，动词的过去分词作后置定语，表示被动，linked
4.名词，损伤，伤害，受的伤，可数名词，此处需要变成复数，injuries
5.副词修饰动词，eventually
6.考察一般过去时态，happened
7.副词修饰整个句子，仅仅地，单独地，alone
8.定语从句，先行词为前面的这个句子，非谓语动词，关系词为which
9.一般现在时的被动语态，are forced
10.或导致无助和恐惧的感受，名词，无助，helplessness
第十三篇
Lanterns made of pumpkins, also known 1. ____ jack-o’-lanterns, are often seen during Halloween. Many people in the US like to make them and put them in front of 2. ____(they) houses. People hollow out a pumpkin, carve a face on one side and place a candle inside it, 3.______ (make) the pumpkin glow.
This 4. ______ (be) not the only way in which pumpkins are part of American culture.
During the Thanksgiving holiday, pumpkin pie is 5. _____ common food. It’s made from pumpkins and contains delicious spices , 6. _____ give it a nice flavor. People often put whipped cream on top 7. ____ eating it. It’s one of the most delicious 8. ______ (thing) to eat during Thanksgiving.
In autumn, there is also a popular sport 9. ______ (call) “pumpkin chucking”. People build machines to throw pumpkins through the air. The person whose pumpkin flies the 10. ______ (far) wins the competition. The world record for pumpkin chucking was set in 2010 in Utah, US, when someone “chucked” a pumpkin about 1.69 kilometers.
【答案】1.as 2.their 3.making 4.is 5.the
6.which
7.before
8.things
9.called 10.farthest
【解析】
1.known as...作为...而广为人知
2.美国人喜欢做南瓜丁放在他们的家门前，他们的,their
3.动词的现在分词作结果状语，making
4.一般现在时态，主语为单数，is
5.在感恩节期间，南瓜丁饼是常见的食物，the common food
6.非限定性定语从句，先行词为前面整句话，which
7.人们经常在食用之前在南瓜饼上放打发的奶油。

在...之前，before
8.名词复数，things
9.动词的过去分词作后置定语，被称作called
10.飞的最远的赢得比赛。

形容词最高级，farthest
第十四篇
Wasting food has become a big problem in the developed world. While some people there throw away unwanted food, people in other 1 (part) of the world face food shortages. It’s an 2 (astonish) fact that a third of the world’s food is wasted each year, which is enough 3 (feed) a billion hungry people. Most of the wasted
food 4 (bury) in the landfill sites. 5 (unlucky), this causes greenhouse gases which eventually lead to global warming and climate change.
In Denmark, a woman called Selina Juul has been working hard to deal with 6 problem. She thinks people shouldn’t waste food, 7 rich they are. She persuaded some supermarkets to stop 8 (sell) their items in quantity so that people bought only what they needed. Also, she produced a leftovers cookbook and set up an education program in schools, 9 food waste was rather common. Now the effects are quite noticeable.
Clearly, we need to think10(two) when we put something in our shopping basket, and we should make the most of the food we have—use up our leftovers or even share our extra food with our friends and neighbors.
【答案】1.parts 2.astonishing 3.to feed 4.is buried 5.Unluckily
6.the
7.however
8.selling
9.where 10.twice
【解析】食物浪费在发达国家成了一个普遍现象，而世界上还有很多地方的人们处于饥饿中。

丹麦的一位女士致力于反食物浪费。

1.other其他的，另外的，后面如果接可数名词，一定要把可数名词变成复数，如果是可数名词单数，要用another，此处为parts.
2.形容词，令人吃惊的，描述事物的特征，astonishing
3.enough to do...，足够去做...to feed，足够喂养10亿饥饿的人们
4.这篇文章描述了一个现状，所以整体用一般现在时态，被掩埋，is buried
5.副词修饰整个句子，不幸的是，Unluckily
6.再次提及上文提及的事情，要用定冠词the限定该事物。

7.她认为人们不应该浪费食物，无论他们多么富有。

引导让步状语从句，however
8.停止做某事，stop doing ...，selling
9.定语从句，先行词为school，关系词在定语从句中作状语，where
10.think twice，再三考虑，重新考虑
第十五篇
As the weather gets warmer, it is a great time 1.______(travel) now. But traveling isn’t always fun for everyone, 2.______(especial) those who get motion sickness (晕动). This can be caused when traveling 3.______ train, airplane, boat or even car.
It’s generally believed that motion sickness happens when our senses become 4._____(confuse), according to Scientific American. We use different parts of our body 5.______(sense) movement. Our eyes tell us 6._____we’re moving, while our inner ears contain a special liquid that 7.______(help) us sense our direction and balance.
When we move around, these body parts work together. 8._____ when we’re in a car or on an airplane, they get confused.
According to NASA flight doctor Sam Puma, the key to 9.______(deal) with motion sickness is to adapt to it, he told BBC News. For example, some astronauts do special exercises that give them mild motion sickness. After a week or two, they become used to it and don’t feel 10._____(comfortable) anymore.
【答案】1.to travel 2.especially 3.by 4.confused 5.to sense
6.if/when
7.helps
8.But
9.dealing 10.uncomfortable
【解析】这篇短文谈论了我们乘舟车旅行时，为什么会晕车晕船晕机，以及如何克服的方法。

1.现在是旅行的好时间，动词不定式作定语，修饰前面的名词，表示未发生或计划发生，to travel
2.副词，尤其是，especially
3.表示凭借某种交通方式的介词，by
4.我们的感觉会变得混乱，指我们的感受，confused
5.动词不定式表目的，我们用不同的身体部位感觉运动，to sense
6.当我们移动时/如果我们移动，引导词可以是if/when
7.定语从句的谓语动词单复数的判定由先行词的单复数来决定，先行词为a special liquid，单数形式，动词需要变成单数形式，helps
8.我们走动时，身体各部分可以协调运动，但是当我们坐在车里或船中时，身体的各部分就会发生混乱。

两个句子之间是转折关系，放在句首，首字母大写，But
9.解决某个问题的办法，the key/answer/solution to...，在这里to是介词，后面的动词要变成动名词，dealing
10.一周或两周后，他们就会习以为常，就不会再感到不舒服了。

不舒服的，uncomfortable
第十六篇
Today, people who need heart transplants must wait and hope to receive a 1._______(donate). Even if they survive the wait, they might experience organ rejection and die. But this problem could 2._______(solve) soon.
3.______ April 15, scientists from Israel’s Tel Aviv University announced that they had created a human heart using 3-D printing. “This is the first time anyone anywhere has
4.______(success) engineered and printed an entire heart.”
The heart has cells, blood vessels, ventricles (心室) and chambers, just like a real heart. But scientists still have more to figure out 5.______ they can start using the hearts. For one thing, the new experimental organ is tiny －about half the size of your thumb. It also can’t pump blood yet. It’s like a tiny airplane that has all of the right 6.________(part), but can’t fly.
Don’t laugh, though! This is still a major 7.________(achieve). The World Health Organization (WHO) says 8.______(much) people die each year from heart diseases than any other cause of death.
The team used a complicated process, 9._______(turn) human fat tissue (组织) into human heart tissue with stem cell technology. The tissue was then turned into “bio-ink” for the 3-D printer.
Ideally, each printed heart would use tissue 10._______(take) from the person who needs it. This way, the patients’ bodies will be less likely to reject the organ, making transplants much safer. In theory, the technique could be used to produce a new heart in just one day.
【答案】1.donation 2. be solved 3.On 4. successfully 5.before
6.parts
7.achievement
8.more
9.turning 10.taken
【解析】现在需要心脏移植的人排队等候希望能获得捐赠，即使等候的人等到了捐赠，也会由于身体的排斥而死亡。

特拉维夫大学研究出了3D打印心脏来解决这个问题。

1.不定冠词a后面需要接一个名词，donation
2.这个问题很快就会得以解决。

含有情态动词的被动语态，be solved
3.具体日期前用介词on
4.这是人类第一次成功地设计并打印出一个完整的心脏。

副词，成功地，successfully
5.科学家还需要了解更多在能够使用这种心脏之前。

连词，在...之前，before
6.就像一架小飞机，有全部的零件，就是不能飞。

part在这句里是零部件的意思，可数名词，变成复数形。