【教育资料】北师大版高中英语选修八 Unit22 environmental protect-词汇篇2(学生版)学习精品

Unit 22 Environmental Protection词汇篇2
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
1、掌握第一单元第二课及第三课的重点单词，短语及句型。

2、灵活运用第一单元第二课及第三课的重点单词，短语及句型。

1.apart from 除……以外，除……之外还
What activity is also mentioned apart from dining in the restaurant?
除了在餐馆里吃饭之外还提到了什么活动?
辨析：apart from，besides与except
besides 表示“除……之外还”。

另外，它还可以用作副词，以为“况且，除此之外”。

except 表示“除……之外”，不包括出去的部分
2.call for an end to 要求停止……
Many people called for an end to the use of plastic bags. 许多人要求停止使用塑料袋。

归纳拓展：
call back 回电话call for 要求，需要
call in 召回call on 拜访（某人）; 号召
call off 取消call up 使回忆起; 打电话
3.or else否则，要不然
Hurry up or else you will answer for the bad result. 快点，否则你要为不良后果负责了。

误区警示：
or else, otherwise, or等可以表示一种假设的情况，称为含蓄虚拟条件句，相当于if 引导的虚拟条件句。

4.carry off 掠去，夺走; 获得; 成功对付
People used to be afraid of that the gypsies might carry their children off.
人们过去总害怕吉卜赛人会把他们的孩子拐走。

Although he had only rehearsed the part a few times, he carried it off beyond all expectations.
他对这角色虽然只排练了几次，但是他完全出人意料地演得非常成功。

归纳拓展：
carry out 实行，履行
carry on(with/doing sth.) 继续做
carry away 运走; 使……失去自制力
carry through 完成; 渡过难关
carry sb. back(to sth.) 使某人回忆起
Three students were chosen to carry out the experiment.
挑选了三名学生进行这项实验。

They will carry on their negotiations next week.
他们将于下周继续进行谈判。

Only his courage carried him through his illness.
他完全是靠勇气渡过了疾病这一关。

5.all in all 总的来说
All in all I wonder how much time I end up investing in the whole process.
总而言之，我对投资在整个过程中的那么多时间感到惊讶。

All in all, being the last smoker in the world has not changed my life too much.
但总而言之，作为这世界上最后的吸烟者，我的生活变化并不大。

归纳拓展：
above all 最重要的是，首先
after all 毕竟，到底
in all 总共，总计
学法点拨：all in all 常用在居中作插入语，相当于in a word/ on the whole
6.arm vt. 武装
She’d been so terrified that she armed with herself with a knife.
她吓坏了，于是拿了一把刀武装自己。

归纳拓展：
arm…with 用……武装
arm n. 上肢，胳膊
arms n. 武器
with open arms 热烈地; 欣然
take sb. by the arm 抓住某人的胳膊
take sb. in one’s arms 拥抱某人
7.result in 导致，前（因）后（果）
The unsatisfiedness of the workmen resulted in a strike. 工人的不满引起了一场罢工。

归纳拓展：
result from 由……造成，前“果”后“因”
as a result of 作为……的结果
as a result 结果，因此
Her blindness of both eyes resulted from a traffic accident.
她的双目失明是由于一次交通事故造成的。

The sports meeting has been postponed as a result of the bad weather.
=The weather is bad, as a result, the sports meeting has been postponed. 由于天气不好，运动会推迟了。

8.rough adj. 艰难的; 粗糙的; 粗略的; 粗鲁的; 汹涌的
Boxing is a rough sport in which one boxer tries to knock the other out.
拳击是一项粗野的运动，在比赛中一方力求击倒另一方。

I don’t understand what the engineer means, but I’ve got a rough idea of the project plan.
我不理解工程师的意思，但是对于这项工程计划我已经有了一个大致的想法。

9.separation n. 分离，分开
She wondered if Harry had been unfaithful to her during this long separation.
她想知道，在分开的漫长岁月里哈里是否已经对她不忠了。

归纳拓展：
separate…from…把......与……分开
get separated 分手，分开
divide v. 分开，分割
divide…into…把......分成……
divide…among/between/with…在……中分配……
We must separate good apples from bad ones, or they may go bad easily.
我们必须把好苹果与坏苹果分开，要不然的话，它们容易坏掉。

10.means 方式，方法，途径
He had no mobile phone or other means to get in touch with his parents.
他没有手机，也没有别的方式跟父母取得联系。

学法点拨：当means 作主语，前面有every, each, one等修饰语时，谓语动词用单数形式; 前面有several，some，many，few等修饰语时，谓语动词用复数形式。

归纳拓展：
by any means 用一切可能的方式或手段
by all means 可以，当然行，没问题
by means of 依靠……方法，借助……手段
by no means/not by any means=not at all 一点也不，绝不
误区警示：
表示“用某一方法”时，可用by this means, in this way, with this method等。

11.earn one’s living 谋生
He has learned to earn his living since he was fourteen. 他自14岁时就学会自己谋生。

归纳拓展：
earn a living 谋生
make a/one’s living 谋生
make a life 过……生活
All in all, the secret to happiness is to make a life about giving.
总之，生活的秘诀就是在生活中为他人做出奉献。

12.construct vt. 建造，建设
They’re planning to construct a new supermarket in our neighborhood.
他们计划在我们的社区兴建一家新的超级市场.
归纳拓展：
construction n. 建设，建造
under construction 在建设中
13. flee vi.&vt. (fled,fled)逃走，逃离
归纳拓展：
flee(from)从……逃离
flee to/into 逃至……
His son violated the law and fled into America but was caught at last.
他儿子违反了法律，逃到了美国，但最后还是被抓了。

误区警示：
flee 既可作及物动词又可作不及物动词，表示“从……逃离”，既可直接加名词作宾语，又可以借助于介词from，而escape 则必须借助于介词from 才能接宾语。

14.adopt vt. 采用; 收养; 正式批准，接受
归纳拓展：
adopt a child 收养一个孩子
adopt different approaches 采取不同的方法
adopted adj. 收养的，领养的
adoption n. 收养，领养
adapt （使）适应; 改编，编写
adapt （oneself）to 适应……
be adapted from 由……改编
15.considerate adj. 考虑周到的; 体贴的，替人着想的
He is no more considerate of others than his younger is. 他不体谅别人，他弟弟也一样。

归纳拓展：
be considerate of/to/towards 对……关心/体贴
It is considerate of sb. to do sth. 某人做某事真是体贴。

consider doing sth. 考虑做某事
consider sb./sth. to be /as 认为某人/某物是……
considering prep./conj. 考虑到; 鉴于……; 就……而言
consideration n. 考虑，认为
take …into consideration 把……加以考虑
16.sum up 总结，概括
Then he summed up our opinions. 然后，他总结了一下我们大家的意见
归纳拓展：
to sum up 概括地说
summarize 总结，概述
in a word 总而言之
to conclude 得出结论
17.as a matter of fact 实际上，事实上
As a matter of fact, I’ve never heard of the place, let alone been there.
事实上，我从未去过那个地方，更不用说去那儿了。

归纳拓展：
表示“事实上，实际上”的单词/短语：
in fact /in actual fact/ actually/ in reality
18.allocate vt. 分配，配给
answer for 对（已产生的不良后果）负责任
Our plan is to allocate one member of staff to handle appointments.
我们的计划是分派一位职员处理预约事宜。

归纳拓展：
allocate sb. Sth. =allocate sth. to sb.
allocate...for sth. 拨出......做某事
Allocate...among 在......内分配......
19.break away from 摆脱，脱离(某种思想体系，团体，组织等)
归纳拓展：
break down 出故障; 失败; 身体垮掉
break up 破碎; 散开; 解散; 分手
break in (in 为副词，不接宾语) 强行进入; 打断
break into(into 为介词，后接宾语) 破门而入
break out(战争，火灾等)突然爆发
break through 突破
20.calculate vt. 计算，算出；推算，估计
Astronomers can calculate when there will be eclipses of the sun and moon.
天文学家可以算出何时发生日食和月食。

归纳拓展：
calculate on 指望; 预料
It’s calculated that 据估算......
be calculated to do... 打算做......
例1. (2019·安徽高考) ______being fun and good exercise, swimming is a very useful skill.
A. Rather than
B. Apart from
C. Instead of
D. Owing to
例 2. ----When did you meet Jack for the first time？
----I meet him very late on Friday night , ______ early on Saturday morning.
A. or rather
B. or else
C. rather than
D. more than
例3.Apart from being good at teamwork, he is tall, strong and athletic. ______, he is the best choice for the coming basketball match.
A. All in all
B. In addition
C. After all
D. By the way
例4. (2019·浙江高考)There is no reason to be disappointed. ______, this could be rather amusing.
A. Above all
B. As a result
C. In addition
D. As a matter of fact
例5. It is reported that______children are more likely to suffer family abuses and a new policy will be
______to improve the situation.
A. adapted; taken
B. given-away; adopted
C. adopted; adopted
D. adopted; adapted
基础演练
一、单词拼写。

1.In my opinion, schools should __________（采用）different approaches to arouse the students’ interest in study .
2.It was __________（考虑周到的）of you to remind me of the meeting tonight. Otherwise, I would have forgotten it.
3.He got the position on the strength of his skills in __________（财政）.
4.You should __________ （分配）the same amount of time to each question.
5.The soldiers __________（使锋利）up their knives.
6.It has been __________ （推算）that the project will last five months.
二、单句写作。

1.在某种程度上我与你意见一致，但我并不同意你的所有观点。

I agree with you __________ __________ __________ , but I don’t agree with everything.
2.他除了脸部和双手受伤外，两条腿也断了。

__________ __________ the injuries to his face and hands, he broke both legs.
3.一个错误就有可能导致整个工程失败。

A small mistake can even __________ __________the failure of the whole project.
4.总之，跟他辩论是没用的。

__________ __________ __________ , it is no use arguing with him.
5.我们在任何情况下都不要被困难打倒，相反，我们应该利用一切可能的办法来战胜困难。

__________ __________ __________ can we be defeated by difficulties, Instead, we should use
__________ __________ __________ to overcome them.
Keys：
巩固提高
一、单项选择。

【】1.(2019·江西高考) Starting your own business could be a way to achieving financial independence. __________ it could just put you in debt.
A. In other words
B. All in all
C. As a result
D. On the other hand
【】2.__________ the whole staff, I want to say we were very proud of what you have done.
A. In honor of
B. In favor of
C. On behalf of
D. In place of
【】3.China plans to__________ a 3D express coach project in Beijing, with the idea to provide cleaner, greener and faster traffic.
A. build up
B. carry out
C. star in
D. pick out
【】4. After the accident, the driver __________ the scene but was caught and punished at last.
A. fled
B. escaped
C. avoided
D. left for
一、完成句子。

1.A live programme is __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________（号召人们捐钱）to the people who have suffered from flood.
2.___________ __________ __________ __________ __________（代表这里的每个人），I wish you a pleasant journey back to your country.
3.The meal over, the manager went back to the meeting room to __________ __________ __________ __________ （继续他们的讨论）.
4.It was a film that__________ __________（夺走）three Oscars.
5.Her father __________ __________ __________ __________ __________（把她抱在怀里）and kissed her.
6.We must apply what we have learned to our daily work because in no case should theory__________ __________ ___________（与……分离）practice.
7.Most city workers might not__________ __________ __________ __________ __________（挣很多钱）but when they retire they might get a good pension.
8.The government has approved of __________ __________ __________ __________（建一座新桥）across the river.
9.They __________ __________ ___________（脱离）the national union and set up their own local organization.
10.__________ __________ ___________（据估算）that group was at a higher risk of heart disease.
二、单项选择。

【】1.(2019·海淀一模，21)Mary has her weakness, ______ that doesn’t mean she is not qualified for her job.
A. and
B. yet
C. so
D. or
【】2. (2019·西城一模，25) Susan's voice still remained calm ______ she was getting annoyed.
A. even if
B. as long as
C. as if
D. now that
【】3.(2019·西城一模，29) Last night the naughty boy climbed ______ the wall and jumped into the swimming pool only to find there was no water.
A. across
B. over
C. through
D. for
【】4. ______ his age, he did it quite well, so do not ______ him anymore.
A. Considering; speak
B. Considered; speak
C. Considering; blame
D. Considered; blame 【】5. ---Don’t you think the new job is a real challenge for jack?
---Well, _______difficulties he meets, I believe he will never lose heart.
A. whenever
B. however
C. whichever
D. whatever
【】6. The loss has not yet been _______ accurately, but it is believed to be well beyond a hundred million dollars.
A. calculated
B. considered
C. completed
D. controlled
【】7. When the power of love ______the love of power, the world will likely be in peace.
A. overcomes
B. will overcome
C. is overcoming
D. overcame
【】8. I ______ for six months. I'm really out of shape.
A. hadn't exercised
B. didn't exercise
C. don't exercise
D. haven't exercised 【】9. Don’t put your bicycle _____ the window. The glass can be easily broken.
A. Against
B. With
C. Beyond
D. for
【】10. —Something smells really good in here!
—You ______ my Easter cookies. Have one!
A. smell
B. are smelling
C. were smelling
D. smelt
Keys:
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
一、完形填空(2019·海淀一模)
At age 14, 15 and 16, the way we looked was the most important thing in the world to us. My friends and I wanted nothing less than perfection.
In high school, we joined the gymnastics team, and our 1 became even more important to us. We had no fat, only muscles. On the weekends, we would go to the beach, 2 of our flat stomachs.
One summer day, all my friends were at my house 3 . At one point, I was running back to the pool. I 4 on a bee, and while it was dying under my foot, it stung (蛰) me. I instantly started to feel
5 . That night, I began to run a high fever and my leg and foot were red, hot and swollen. I couldn’t walk.
I could barely 6 .
When my foot started to go numb, everyone became more 7 . My foot was not getting enough blood. I had to go to the 8 , and my leg hurt as if it were badly broken. I couldn’t move. All I could do was think about how soft my middle was becoming. That 9 me more than any concern over my leg.
That would all 10 when I heard the doctors mention possibly cutting off my foot. It was still not getting the 11 supply it needed. The doctors would have to speed up their treatment.
Never before did I have such great 12 for my foot. And walking seemed like a 13 from the gods. Less and less would I want to hear my friends talk about 14 and who was wearing what. More and more I expected visits from other kids in the hospital, who were quickly becoming my friends.
One girl came to visit me 15 . Every time she came, she brought flowers. She was recovering
from cancer and felt she should come back and 16 the other patients.
She still had no hair, and she was swollen from medications she had been taking. I would not have given this girl a second 17 before. I now loved every inch of her and looked forward to her 18 .
Finally, I was improving and soon I went home. My leg was still swollen, 19 I was walking, and I had my foot! When I would go back to the hospital, I often saw my friend. She was still visiting people and 20 good cheer. I thought if even there was an angel on this earth, it had to be her.
【】1. A. grades B. brains C. bodies D. clothes
【】2 A. ashamed B. proud C. sure D. tired
【】3. A. dancing B. chatting C. jogging D. swimming
【】4. A. stepped B. focused C. held D. took
【】5. A. upset B. fearful C. sick D. anxious
【】6. A. jump B. run C. stand D. rest
【】7. A. concerned B. relieved C. surprised D. interested
【】8. A. beach B. hospital C. gym D. school
【】9. A. blamed B. impressed C. shocked D. troubled
【】10. A. change B. bother C. help D. happen
【】11. A. nutrition B. blood C. time D. air
【】12. A. observation B. devotion C. appreciation D. evaluation
【】13. A. gift B. hand C. promise D. treat
【】14. A. homework B. appointment C. movies D. gymnastics
【】15. A. suddenly B. regularly C. eventually D. recently
【】16. A. advise B. encourage C. serve D. instruct
【】17. A. choice B. thought C. glance D. chance
【】18. A. words B. ideas C. flowers D. visits
【】19. A. but B. then C. so D. for
【】20. A. enjoying B. gaining C. discovering D. spreading
二、阅读理解(2019·西城一模)
Throughout my 41 years at General Electric, I've experienced a lot. In the media, I've gone from prince to pig and back again. And I've been called many things.
In the early days, some called me a crazy, wild man. When I became CEO two decades ago, Wall Street asked, "Jack who?"
When I tried to make GE more competitive by cutting back our workforce in the early 1980s, the media called me "Neutron Jack." When they learned we were focused on values and culture at GE, people asked if "Jack has gone soft." I've been No.1 or No.2 Jack, Services Jack, Global Jack, and, in more recent years. Six Sigma Jack and e-Business Jack.
When we made an effort to acquire Honeywell in October 2019, and I agreed to stay on through the transition (过渡期), some thought of me as the Long-in-the-Tooth Jack hanging on by his fingertips to his CEO job.
Those characterizations said less about me and a lot more about the stage our company went through. Truth is, down deep, I've never really changed much from the boy my mother raised in Salem, Massachusetts.
When I started on this journey in 1981 , standing before Wall Street analysts for the first time at New York's Pierre Hotel, I said I wanted GE to become " the most competitive enterprise on earth." My objective was to put a small-company spirit in a big-company body, to build an organization out of an old-line industrial company that would be more high-spirited, more adaptable, and more flexible than
companies that are one-fiftieth our size. I said then that I wanted to create a company " where people dare to try new things ?where people know that only the limits of their creativity and drive, their own standards of personal excellence, will be the ceiling on how far and how fast they move."
I've put my mind, my heart, and my courage into that journey every day of the 40-plus years I've been lucky enough to be a part of GE.
【】1. According to the first two paragraphs, the author ______.
A. had many ups and downs
B. had a poor image in public
C. became CEO of GE 41 years ago
D. suffered from some mental illnesses
【】2.As the author sees it, the many nicknames of him indicate ______.
A. the change of his character with the time
B. the various opinions of different journalists
C. his company's different stages of development
D. his popularity among his friends and relatives
【】3.According to the author, GE in 1981 ______.
A. should seek broader space for development
B. was the most competitive company in the world
C. differed from many old-line industrial companies
D. was a big company with a small-company's spirit
【】4.What does the underlined word "journey" in the last paragraph probably mean?
A. Taking GE to a new height.
B. Travelling from home to office.
C. Seeking a higher position in GE.
D. Growing from a baby into an adult. Keys:。