大学英语读写译教程1B篇1到5单元以及补充材料

大学英语读写译教程1B篇1到5单元以及补充材料
B1
“Children all over the world speak their native language!” Dr. Shinichi Suzuki, a Japanese violinist, was excited with his great discovery. If all children can learn language, then all children can learn. This simple thought was the beginning of “the Mother Tongue Approach”, a teaching method that has changed music teaching and other talent education around the world.
“全世界的儿童都说他们自己的母语！”铃木镇一博士，一位日本小提琴家对他这一伟大发现感到兴奋。

如果所有的儿童能学会说语言的话，那么这些儿童也能够学习其他的东西。

这种简单的思想就是“母语教学法”的开端。

这一教学法改变了全世界音乐教学以及其他才能培养的教学方法。

So how does a baby learn to speak language? The baby listens and watches for a long time before he speaks his first clear word. Parents and others encourage the baby constantly. No one thinks of pushing him to compete with others. By listening and copying those around him, he becomes very skilled at the language, long before he learns reading or writing.
那么婴儿是怎么学会说话的呢？婴儿在他说出他的第一个清晰的单词之前要聆听和观察很长一段时间。

父母和其他人会不断地鼓励这个孩子。

没有人想过要敦促他跟别人竞争。

通过不断地聆听和模仿他周围的人，他在学会阅读和写字之前就已经能熟练地使用语言了。

Dr. Suzuki first applied his ideas to his violin teaching. He began with children as young as three years old. At first, the child and one parent would attend group violin classes just to watch other children play. Later,the teacher would give one-on-one lessons, but the first few lessons were f or the parent, while the child just watched! The child’s
interest would grow daily, watching his parent and other children play. Very soon, his interest would motivate him to try himself.
铃木镇一博士首先把他的想法运用到小提琴教学中。

他从仅有三岁大的孩童们开始。

起初，孩子以及一位家长参加集体小提琴课，但要做的只是观看其他的孩子们演奏。

接着，老师进行一对一地教学，但是前几次课是为家长开设的，而孩子所要做的就是观察！通过观看自己的父母以及其它孩子演奏，孩子的兴趣就会与日俱增。

很快，他就有足够的兴趣来亲自尝试。

Dr. Suzuki’s goal was to make music a pleasure, not a pressure. He encouraged parents to fill their home with the best violin music possible, so the child could have good violin music as his goal when he played. With an environment rich in music and encouragement, the child’s ability would develop quickly.
铃木镇一博士的目的是使音乐成为一种乐趣，而不是压力。

他鼓励父母们在家中播放最好的小提琴音乐，这样孩子在演奏的时候会把美妙的背景音乐作为自己的目标。

在充满音乐和鼓励的氛围里，孩子的能力会得到快速发展。

Within a few years, hundreds of Dr. Suzuki’s small students were giving concerts playing beautiful and difficult pieces of music, amazing audiences around the world. No one before had thought it possible to develop talent at such a young age. Suzuki’s method, however, showed the world that talent is taught, not inborn. With the right environment and encouragement, children can do amazing things.
几年之后，铃木博士的几百名学生都能够在音乐会上演奏出优美而华丽的乐曲，全世界的观众为之震惊。

从没有人想象过这么小的孩子就能这么有才华。

铃木的方法向世界证明，才华是后天习得的，而并非天生的。

拥有了合适的环境和鼓励，孩子们可以做出惊人的事情。

B3
They stood ready to board the train that was leaving New York in a few minutes, not knowing what would come next in their lives. Behind them would be the streets of the city. Ahead of them, the unknown. They were Orphan Train Riders. Orphan Train was a way that people placed orphans and abandoned children in homes that were loving and caring. Some people believe that Orphan Trains were the beginning of what is commonly called the foster care system in America.
At the time Orphan Trains were started in 1854, there were about 30,000 street children in New York. Brace, a pastor, saw the need for the homeless children on the streets of New York City to be placed in a home with parents who would love and care for them. His vision started the first Orphan Train that left New York on Sept. 20th carrying 12 children to Michigan to be put in homes with families. He thought that out west children would be given a better chance at life. Orphan Trains were sent west for a total of 75 years
Right before the children were to leave New York, they were told they were going on a trip. They boarded the train, having no idea where they would end up. A caregiver accompanied them on the train. The leader of the town that they were going to would often try to find good homes for the children before they even arrived. When they reached their destinations, they would meet their new families.
In 1996, there were an estimated 500 Orphan Train Riders still alive. It is estimated that 2 million people in America are descendants of the Orphan Train Riders. My own great grandfather was an orphan and may have himself been an Orphan Train Rider as a boy.
B4
What do Bei Bei, Jing Jing, Huan Huan, Ying Ying, and Ni Ni have in common? First, they were all chosen to be the mascots of the 2008 Olympic games. Second, they are all Chinese! So how did Beijing’s Olympic Committee choose these five symbolic characters? Or perhaps we should ask, “Why did they cho ose these mascots?”
贝贝，晶晶，欢欢，迎迎，妮妮有什么共同点呢？首先，他们都被选为2008年奥运会的吉祥物。

第二，他们都来自中国！那么北京奥委会为什么要选择他们五个作为奥运会的标志呢？或者我们也许应该问，“他们为什么要选择这些吉祥物呢？”
Bei Bei is a blue fish, Jing Jing is a black and white panda, Huan Huan is a red Olympic flame, Ying Ying is an orange Tibetan antelope, and Ni Ni is a green swallow. Each mascot is the color of one of the Olympic rings. These characters were introduced to the world on the 1,000th day before the Olympic Games, so in 2008, for the first time in over thirty years, the Olympic Games will have more than three mascots.
贝贝是条蓝色的鱼，晶晶是只黑白相间的熊猫，欢欢是红色的奥林匹克圣
火，迎迎是只橘色的藏羚羊，妮妮是只绿色的小燕子。

每个吉祥物的颜色都取自奥运五环中的一种。

这些标志在奥运会开幕前的第1000天被介绍给世界，2008年奥运会将有三种以上的吉祥物，这是奥运史上三十多年以来的第一次。

Each mascot has a name that is part of a bigger slogan, “Bei Jing Huan Ying Nin.”This translates into, “Beijing Welcomes You.” As Beijing prepares for the first Olympic Games she has ever hosted, she hopes to show the world her hospitality and kindness of heart. These characters symbolize the hopes and dreams of all Chinese people, the five elements of nature, as well as the five blessings—prosperity, happiness, health, good luck,
and passion.
每个吉祥物的名字在一起组成了一句口号，“北京欢迎您”。

由于这是北京首次主办奥运会，她希望向全世界展示她的热情好客。

这些卡通形象象征了所有中国人民的希望和梦想，自然的五大元素，同时也代表了五种祝福——繁荣、幸福、健康、好运和热情。

The first Olympic mascot for the Olympic Games was chosen in 1968 for the winter Olympics in Grenoble. His name was Schuss and he looked like a head on big skis. Since that time, it has become a tradition for every Olympic Games to have a mascot. So what do you think of the “Five Fuwas”? The slogan for Beijing’s Olympi c Games is “One World—One Dream”. That is the international message China wishes to send to every land—a message of friendship.
第一个奥林匹克吉祥物在1968年格勒诺布尔冬季奥运会，他的名字是舒斯，看起来就像是个滑雪板上的脑袋。

从那以后，每届奥运会选定吉祥物就成了一个传统。

你觉得“福娃”怎么样呢？北京奥运会的口号是“同一个世界，同一个梦想”。

这就是中国向世界上的每一片土地传达的讯息——友谊的信号
B5
Nearly all children have, from time to time, had trouble getting along with their parents. They know their parents love them and have done much for them, but they find it hard to communicate or obey their pare nts’ rules. They often argue with each other an d are not as loving as they know they should be. Arguments such as these as well as other kinds of family conflicts can be resolved by following the simple principles of communication, respect, and consideration.
几乎所有的孩子时不时都会跟父母闹矛盾。

他们知道父母爱他们，为他们付出了很多，但他们觉得很难跟父母沟通或者遵守父母定的规矩。

父母和子女之间总免不了会争吵，虽然他们应该知道相互关爱。

如果遵循以下的“沟通、尊重、体谅”等简单原则，这类争论以及其他的家庭冲突都是可以避免的。

The most important element of any relationship is good communication. When parents make a rule for their child, they will usually explain the reason for their rule. For example, “I don’t want you to be out after 10 o’clock at night because I don’t think it is safe.” Perhaps the child disagrees with this rule. The child should communicate by expressing his or her opinion—politely. Talking through a disagreement can often help parents and children understand each other. Sometimes after discussing the problem, a compromise can be made.
与异性成功交流的第一步就是要意识到任何关系中最重要的因素是良好的交流。

父母给孩子定规矩时，通常会解释这样做的原因。

比如说，“我不让你晚上十点之后出去是因为我认为那样不安全。

”也许孩子不同意这个规定，这时他（她）应该说明自己的观点——有礼貌地。

探讨不同的意见有助于父母和子女之间加强理解。

有时经过讨论后，双方会达成折衷的方案。

Then, respect is important. Even if a child disagrees with the final
decision of the parent, he or she should still show love and respect in word, action, and attitude. Often, the child becomes angry or complains when he does not get his way. Children who want to be treated like adults should act in a responsible and trustworthy manner.
其次，尊重是很重要的。

孩子即使不赞成父母的最终决定，也应该注意自己的言行和态度，要表现出对父母的尊重和爱戴。

生活中有的孩子如果不能随心所欲就会生气或抱怨。

孩子们如果希望享受成年人一般的待遇，就应该表现出自己是有责任感和值得信赖的。

Third, it is important to consider the needs and rights of the other person. Caring for others requires resisting pride and
selfishness. If a child helps with housework and thanks his parents often, the parents will appreciate it, and their relationship might be better.
第三，考虑到对方的需要及权力是很重要的。

关心他人需要克服傲慢和自私。

如果孩子帮忙做家务并经常感谢父母，那么父母就会很高兴，这样他们之间的关系很可能会得到改善。

These principles can be applied to any relationship. A person who communicates well and shows respect and consideration should have little trouble in relationships with parents or others.
这些原则适用于任何一种关系。

一个人如果善于交际，懂得尊重并体谅他人，那他跟父母或他人相处时就不会有什么麻烦了1补充材料1
Harvard, Princeton, Yale, Stanford, Columbia. These schools have a lot in common. Their admissions are incredibly competitive. They charge a high price and their graduates have a big advantage in finding a good job. In fact, graduates from famous schools might not enjoy as much advantage in the job markets as many think, and that a big name on your diploma doesn't always mean a big payoff.
Let's start with the cost. Tuition at the top schools can easily average $35,000 per year or more, while a less-known school might cost up to $20,000 a year.
Once they graduate, however, students are often faced with thousands of dollars of debt that they need to repay. The reasoning goes that graduates from big-name schools can write their own tickets, but the statistics don't bear this out. Graduates from a school which requires test scores high above the average can expect to make an extra 5% more than others, but that doesn't justify paying 40% more for tuition.
Graduating from a less-known school with the same
academic qualifications can make you the same money over the long run. Long-range studies show experience and performance eventually matter much more than the name on your degree, especially when times get tough.
1. Big-name universities are not famous for their __________.
A) competitiveness B) high tuition
C) fame D) financial aid
2. Graduates from famous schools __________ get jobs with good pay.
A) always B) never C) don't always D) rarely
3. The tuition of the famous schools averages __________ per year.
A) $35,000 B) $30,000 C) $25,000 D) $20,000
4. Managers today prefer to hire people with __________.
A) experience B) good fame
C) a big-name diploma D) much money
5. If someone writes his own ticket, he __________
A) is good at writing B) is in trouble
C) has a lot of choices D) is very important
1补充材料2
Tough economic times and the “war on terror” are causing some US universities to tighten their belts.
After September 11, 2001, the US has been restricting the number of student visas, and the delays are causing many students to miss their admissions, deadlines. Students, already concerned about the security situation in the US, have been looking for alternatives, mainly in Canada, Europe, and Australia.
For US universities, a slowdown in international applications couldn't have come at a worse time. The US has more university places than any other country in the world, and schools are
increasingly depending on international students to pay the bills.
“It's an open secret that international students are an important part of this count ry's educational economy,” says an official at one university, “International students pay full price.” In all, international students spent $12 billion in 2002 on tuition and living expenses.
Schools in other countries are more than happy to take the students being turned away from the US. While American universities are still the first choice of most international students, many are discovering that they can get the same quality education elsewhere, without the high prices and long lines for a visa.
1. According to the passage, which of the following sentences is true?
A) Bad economic situation and the war against terrorism cause all of the US universities to reduce their expenditure.
B) Only a few people know that international students are important for the educational economy in the USA.
C) Schools in other countries are reluctant to accept the students that are rejected by the US.
D) The US is the country that has the most universities in the world.
2. Students have been seeking the universities in other countries because of __________ in America.
A) security situation B) tuition C) student visas D) war on terror
3. International students pay __________for their study.
A) no money B) full price C) half-price D) little money
4. Compared with universities in the US, the universities in some other countries may have ________________.
A) equal educational quality, but higher price
B) lower educational quality and lower price
C) equal educational quality, but lower price
D) equal educational quality and equal price
5. __________ universities are the first choice of most international students.
A) Canadian B) European C) Australian D) American
2补充材料
Aron Ralston was trapped, his right arm under a 200kg stone. He was deep in a canyon (峡谷) in Southern Utah. All he had with him was a day's food and water, and some ropes and climbing equipment.
Aron was an outdoorsman, and knew how to take care of himself. He liked climbing 5,000-meter peaks, often by himself in the winter.
For the next four days he tried to break or shift the rock as he waited for help. His knife had little effect on the hard stone. He made his food and water last nearly three days. Finally, on the fifth day, Aron realized he had no other choice: to free himself, he would have to cut off his own hand.
He knew that the knife would cut skin and muscle, but not bone. So first Aron had to break his own arm by twisting it against the rock. He then tied a rope tightly around the upper arm to control the bleeding, and cut through his hand to free himself. The entire procedure took approximately an hour.
Tired, hungry and bleeding heavily, Aron climbed out of the canyon and walked nearly 8 kilometers to find help.
"I'm not sure how I handled it," he later said. "I felt pain and
I coped with it. I moved on."
1. Aron was trying to climb __________ when he got stuck.
A) a mountain B) a canyon C) Mt. McKinley D) Mt. McQuire
2. On the fifth day, Aron had to make a decision to ____________.
A) have his right arm cut off B) eat up all the food and water
C) cut off his right arm himself D) throw away all the ropes
3. Aron used a __________ to cut his hand.
A) steak knife B) Swiss Army knife
C) hand knife D) knife
4. The tone of the author is ____________.
A) respectful B) cold-blooded
C) indifferent D) serious
5. This passage is mainly about ____________.
A) climbing peaks by oneself is not always an exciting thing
B) Aron was known as a successful outdoorsman around the world
C) Aron decisively cut off his own hand to free himself when trapped
D) knowing how to take care of oneself is important for outdoorsmen
3补充材料
A team of archaeologists (考古学家) has gone to New Mexico to look for proof of one of the greatest stories of the 20th century: the UFO crash at Roswell.
William Doleman, an archaeologist at the University of New Mexico, agreed to excavate (发掘) the site where the UFO supposedly crashed in 1947.
What exactly happened on the site is unclear. In 1947, a young man discovered some debris (碎片) on the field. After investigating the crash, the US Army announced they had recovered a "fly disc".
Several hours later, an Air Force general announced that the crash was caused by a weather balloon again. The field was closed off for several days while the military cleaned up the site.
Believers claim that the military found a crashed UFO, along with several dead bodies at the site. This story has inspired countless books, movies and TV shows, but no one has been able to find any evidence to support it.
In 1997, the Air Force said the weather balloon story was made up and that the military was actually conducting a crash-test program with balloons.
But Doleman isn't so sure. While he says he's "still uncertain" about UFOs, he knows that "something happened in July 1947".
1. Some people believe a UFO __________ at Roswell.
A) landed B) flew C) crashed D) disappeared
2. An archaeologist went to the site to look for __________.
A) answers B) evidence C) aliens D) fossils
3. In 1947 some debris (残骸) was found __________.
A) on a field B) in a park C) in a house D) on a military base
4. The Air Force said the debris had come from a __________.
A) plane B) car C) boat D) weather balloon
5. In 1997, the Air Force said their original story was __________.
A) false B) true C) unclear D) exaggerated (夸张的)
4补充材料
Do you know American Toughman? That is amateur boxing competitions around the USA. Compared to professional boxing matches, a Toughman fight could not be simpler. Passing a brief physical examination and paying $50 get you a pair of gloves. The fights take place in three two-minute rounds with the winner decided by points awarded by a judge.
The prize money is much less than that of professional
boxing matches. Some professional boxers make millions every time, while the most a Toughman competitor can hope for is $1,000 for winning a series of fights. Some fighters hope that a Toughman boxing match will lead to fame and fortune though. Mr. T, a famous tough guy actor, got his start in Toughman, but that kind of success is one-in-a-million.
Another difference between T oughman and professional matches is that T oughman fighters usually have no idea what they're doing. The $50 entrance fee doesn't buy a minute of training. Experienced fighters are trained to protect themselves as well as attack their opponents, but Toughman fighters could barely keep their hands up. Art Dore, who founded the league 24 years ago, admits, "These guys can't fight." This kind of inexperience can be fatal; 12 people have been killed in Toughman matches, four in the past nine months alone.
1. Participation in a Toughman competition costs __________.
A) $1,000 B) $50 C) millions of dollars D) nothing
2. A Toughman fight usually lasts _______ minutes
A) one B) two C) three D) six
3. The main reason that some boxers are hurt in Toughman fights is that they _______.
A) have improper manners
B) lack training
C) are distracted by the noisy crowd
D) are controlled by unfair judges
4. The famous person having emerged from Toughman competitions is ________.
A) Lennox Lewis B) Art Dore C) Mr. T D) Mike Tyson
5. It is ______ that participation in T oughman can lead to fame and fortune.
A) common sense B) very rare C) never seen D) natural
5补充材料
Interpersonal Relationship
James is a middle-aged New York builder. He's lonely. Just like everyone else, James needs human contact from time to time, and he's found a way-at cuddle (拥抱) parties.
New York can be a terrible place-it has a high murder rate and some seriously disturbed people living in it. But James says he's comfortable at a New York apartment with twenty strange people. The floor of the "cuddle zone" is soon covered with complete strangers snuggling (依偎) and cuddling, but that's as far as it goes.
Cuddle parties are the latest trend for lonely, isolated city folks who want to meet people and become safely intimate. The safety comes from rules before you come, bring clean clothes, ask permission before you cuddle, and keep your clothes on. "We have 'cuddle lifeguards' to make sure everyone sticks to the rules," says Mihalko. The lifeguards make sure nobody gets out of line, and everyone goes home feeling better than when they arrived.
Once the cuddle party is in full swing, people are soon crawling on top of one another, stretching out like dogs ready for a nap. Mihalko admits that the whole idea "might seem a little odd" at first. But research has shown that being touched by other people helps reduce stress and can help sick people heal faster.
1. According to the passage, which of the following about James is true?
A) He is old. B) He is rich and happy.
C) He constructs buildings. D) He has established cuddle parties.
2. What is the relationship among people at the cuddle parties?
A) They are friends. B) They are relatives.
C) They are lovers. D) They do not know each other.
3. What do people do at the cuddle zone?
A) They talk and cuddle. B) They snuggle and hug.
C) They cuddle and take off their clothes.
D) They cuddle and kiss.
4. What rule should cuddle safeguards make sure that everyone sticks to?
A) Everyone being cuddled should be glad to do so.
B) People should not make friends in the parties.
C) Strangers should not cuddle each other.
D) No one could do anything except for cuddling.
5. What can we infer from the passage?
A) People in New York feel especially lonely.
B) New York is a nice city to live in.
C) Some Americans consider cuddling people they do not know a strange action.
D) Being touched by strangers does no good to human health.。