管理学英语 Unit1

Structure Analysis
Prescientific Management Era: Chronological order Part I: (para.1) management in ancient time Part II: (para.2) management in Middle Ages Part III: (para. 3-5) management after the rise of Capitalism Part IV: (para. 6-7) management in the early nineteenth century
Categories of E-Businesses
E-business enhanced organization「加强型」电 子商业组织
Байду номын сангаас
E-business enabled organization「能力型」电子 商业组织
Total e-business organization「全面型」电子商 业组织
scientific management Published Principles of Scientific Management (1911)
The theory of scientific management:
• Using scientific methods to define the “one best way” for a job to be done Putting the right person on the job with the correct tools and equipment Having a standardized method of doing the job Providing an economic incentive to the worker
The cost of public and private benefits for older workers will increase
Increased demand for products and services related to aging
Current Trends and Issues
Ancient Management Egypt (pyramids) and China (Great Wall) Venetians (floating warship assembly lines) Adam Smith Published “The Wealth of Nations” in 1776 Advocated the division of labor (job specialization) to increase the productivity of workers
Current Trends and Issues
Knowledge Management
The cultivation of a learning culture where organizational members systematically gather and share knowledge with others in order to achieve better performance.
Taylor’s Four Principles of Management (cont.)
将工作与责任尽量均分给管理者与工人.管理者应 该负担整体的成败.(在此之前,几乎所有的工作与 大部分责任,都由工人负担.) 全力与工人合作,并确定他们按照研究出来的工法 来完成其工作. 运用科学方法筛选,训练,教育与培养员工.(在此之 前,员工可以自行选择他们的工作并自我训练) 为每一个工作细项发展一套科学方法,以取代传统 的经验法则.
A philosophy of management driven by continual improvement in the quality of work processes and responding to customer needs and expectations Inspired by the total quality management (TQM) ideas of Deming and Juran Quality is not directly related to cost.
Current Trends and Issues
Globalization Ethics Workforce Diversity Entrepreneurship E-business Knowledge Management Learning Organizations Quality Management
Industrial Revolution Substituted machine power for human labor Created large organizations in need of management
Scientific Management
Fredrick Winslow Taylor: The “father” of
The Four Management Functions
Who Are Managers?
Manager Someone who works with and through other people by coordinating and integrating their work activities in order to accomplish organizational goals.
What Do Managers Do?
Functional Approach Planning Defining goals, establishing strategies to achieve goals, developing plans to integrate and coordinate activities Organizing Arranging work to accomplish organizational goals Leading Working with and through people to accomplish goals. Controlling Monitoring, comparing, and correcting the work
Current Trends and Issues
Globalization Management in international organizations Political and cultural challenges of operating in a global market Ethics Increased emphasis on ethics education in college curriculums Increased creation and use of codes of ethics by businesses
Current Trends and Issues
Workforce Diversity Increasing heterogeneity in the workforce More gender, minority, ethnic, and other forms of diversity in employees Aging workforce Older employees who work longer and not retire
Classical Management: Listing Part I: (para.8-12) Taylor’s scientific management Part II: (para.13-16) General administrative theories
Historical Background of Management
Unit 1 Management Thought and Functions
Part I The Development of Management Thought
Words and Expressions
1. biblical adj. collocations: biblical class 读经班 biblical college 基督教大学 biblical oath 吻经的立誓，庄严的誓言 Bible n. 圣经
2. Accounting n. 会计学，账目 Accountant n. 会计 Account n. 账目，账户 eg: open (close) an account with the bank Account vi. 占…… eg: The production of raw materials accounts for a considerable proportion of the national economy.
Learning Organization
An organization that has developed the capacity to continuously learn, adapt, and change.
Current Trends and Issues
Quality Management
Stock n. [Am.] 股票，股份 =([Br.] shares) Eg: The stock is in 1000 shares. 全部股份分为1 千股。 Collocations: Common stock 普通股 Preferred stock 优先股 Watered stock 搀水股，价值不实的股 Stock broker/jobber 股票经纪人 Stock exchange 股票交易所 Stock market 股票市场 Stock list 证券行市表
Divide work and responsibility almost equally between management and workers. Management takes over all work for which it is better fitted than the workers.
E-Business (Electronic Business)
The work preformed by an organization using electronic linkages to its key constituencies E-commerce: the sales and marketing component of an e-business
使用科学方法找寻完成工作的最佳方法: 工人适才适所,给予适当的工具 有工作的标准方法 以较高的工资为激励
Taylor’s Four Principles of Management
1. Develop a science for each element of an individual’s work, which replaces the old rule-ofthumb method. 2. Scientifically select and then train, teach, and develop the worker. 3. Heartily cooperate with the workers so as to ensure that all work is done in accordance with the principles of the science that has been developed.
Incorporation n. 公司，社团，合并 Incorporate v. 合并，组成公司 Incorporator n. 合并者，公司创始人 Incorporated adj. 合并的，股份（有限）公 司的 [略为Inc.]；(=[Br. Limited]) eg：Field Service Co., Inc.菲尔德服务股份 公司