山东省2021年高考英语阅读表达专项训练（四）(1)

山东省2021年高考阅读表达专项训练（四）
阅读下面的短文并用英语回答下列问题，然后将答案写到答题卡相应的位置上（请注意问题后的字数要求）。

A
[1]Although many Chinese students say their knowledge of English grammar is good, most would admit that their spoken English is poor. Whenever I speak to Chinese students they always say, “My spoken English is poor.” However, their spoken English does not have to remain poor! I would suggest that there may be some reasons for their problems with spoken English.
[2]First, they fail to find suitable words to express themselves due to limited vocabulary. Obviously the better answer is to expand their vocabulary. However, you can speak with a limited vocabulary if your attitude is positive. Others will follow you as long as you use the words that you know.
[3]Second, they are afraid of . Sometimes they make mistakes when they are speaking because they are shy and nervous. Yet students should remember that their goal should be FLUENCY NOT ACCURACY. You want to get your message across, to talk to someone in English, as quickly and as well as you can, even though sometimes you may use a wrong word or tense, but it doesn’t matter because the person you are speaking to will understand you and make allowances for any mistakes he hears.
[4]The third, not enough attention is paid to listening. You have one mouth but two ears! All that hearing is necessary for you to start speaking.
[5]Fourth, most Chinese students are reactive rather than proactive (主动的) language learners. Instead of actively seeking out opportunities to improve their spoken English, they passively wait for speaking opportunities to come to them and wonder why their spoken English always remains poor. If you have this proactive outlook, then you will see English opportunities wherever you go. 1．What’s the be st title of the passage? (Please answer within 10 words)
______________________________________________________________________________
2．Which sentence in the passage can be replaced by the following one?
They don’t know how to express their meaning prope rly because of limited vocabulary.
______________________________________________________________________________
3．Please fill in the blanks in the third paragraph with proper words or phrases to complete the sentence. (Please answer with ten words)
_______________________________________________________________________________
4．Which reason benefits you most? Why? (Please answer within 30 words)
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________
5．Translate the underlined sentence in the last paragraph.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________
1．Reasons for Chinese Students’ Problems with Spoken English.
解析：主旨大意题。

纵观全文能够看出，文章要紧向咱们分析了中国学生英语口语不行的缘故。

2．They fail to find suitable words to express themselves due to limited vocabulary.
They don’t know how to express their meaning properly limited vocabulary.
解析：句子替换题。

关键词：express ，limited vocabulary。

“because of”对应“due to”。

3．making mistakes.
信息补全题。

下文分析了担忧犯错误的缘故，由此能够得出答案，注意在介词of后要用动名词结构。

4．Answers may vary.
开放型问题。

答案不唯一，选出一个缘故，给出合情合理的缘故即可。

5．他们不是踊跃主动地寻觅机遇提高他们的口语，而是被动等待说英语的机碰到来。

还疑惑他们的口语什么缘故一直很差。

B
[1] For some scientists, boring and often strange tasks are just part of the daily work. Popular Science wrote about some of those unusual jobs in its 10 Worst Jobs in Science list for its April issue, 2020. The list seeks to “show how brave you have to be to really perform in real science,” says editor Jacob Warb. Here are some of them.
[2] Sneeze modeler:Most people turn away when they hear a sneeze, but University of California-Berkeley researcher Mark Nicas studies where on a person’s face s pit will land when someone coughs or sneeze. He hopes to find the areas of the body most fragile to be attacked by the flu virus.
[3] Doomsday fact-checker: The movie 2021 focuses on doomsday, which is supposed to be the end of the world. Since it came out, archaeologists(考古学家) such as Anthony Aveni of Colgate University have been responding to hundreds of e-mails from “sleepless-teenagers” to tell them that the story is false.
[4] Dance observer:Peter Lovatt at the University of Hertfordshire in the UK observes people dancing and onlookers’ reaction, to discover the social motivations behind dancing.
[5] Bean counter:Purdue University scientist Andrew Robinson and his research team counted beans of 10 plants from each of the 72 plots of soybeans they had planted, to study which months are most productive to plant soybeans.
[6] Whale cutter: Michelle Berman of Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History and his team cut open the whale and dolphins that are washed up on shore to study what killed them. Researchers often have to stand in knee-deep blood and cut through fatty whale oils, which can stick to the hair and skin.
1. List three characters that might be required to be a scientist mentioned above in the passage. (one word for each blank)
① __________________ ② ________________ ③ ________________
2. What’s the meaning of the underlined word “doomsday” in Paragraph 3? (no more than 8 words)
_________________________________________________
3. Why did some scientists count beans? (no more than 15 words)
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
4. Which sentence in the passage is the closest in meaning to the following one?
His aim is to find out which part of the body is so weak that the flu virus hits it easily.
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
5. Translate the underlined sentence in Paragraph 6 into Chinese.
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
1. Patience; Bravery; Carefulness; T olerance; Devotion
解析：封锁型问题。

考查考生搜索信息和归纳的能力。

阅读短文后可知，科学家应该具有坚韧的耐心、勇敢的献身精神、明锐的观看力等。

写出任意三项即可，要求形式和大小写要与答案一致。

2. The end of the world
解析：词义猜想题。

第3段中的非限制性定语从句which is supposed to be the end of the world是对该词的说明，因此答案为the end of the world。

3. Because they wanted to study which months are most productive to plant soybeans.
解析：封锁型问题，考查文章明白得。

第5段中的动词不定式to study which months are most productive to plant soybeans说明科学家们如此做的目的，即什么缘故如此做。

4. He hopes to find the areas of the body most fragile to be attacked by the flu virus.
解析：句子替换题，考查句意明白得。

给出句的part of the body对应the areas of the body 给出句的the flu virus hits it对应to be attacked by the flu virus，因此应该是本句。

5. 研究人员往往不能不站在齐膝深的血泊中，划开挤满脂肪的鲸油，听凭这些鲸油粘到他们的头发和皮肤上。

解析：考查句子翻译。

本句为复合句，which can stick to the hair and skin为定语从句，修饰whale oils。

翻译时专门注意cut through，stick to和knee-deep所表达的意思。