情态动词 高考第一轮复习
【高考】英语语法一轮复习情态动词优秀PPT
情态动词
shall /should
1.shall 用于第二、三人称陈述句中，表示说话 人给对方的命令，警告，允诺或威胁。
1). You shall go with me. (命令)
2). You shall have the book when I finish it. (允诺)
3). He shall be punished.(威胁) 2. shall用于第一、三人称疑问句中，表示说话
Naturally, after I told her what to do, my daughter must go and do the opposite. 自然地，在我交代女儿做什么之后，她偏偏要做相反 的事情
3.mustn’t表示“禁止”
You mustn’t play in the street. 你不能在街上玩耍。
---Could /May I park my car here? 1、人经不住千言，树经不住千斧。
6、了解不同地区间文明交流的表现现象，对于不同文明交流之间的意义，归纳世界历史纵向发展与横向发展的关系，认识从分散孤立 到联系成为一个整体的历史趋势。（历史理解）
(could表示语气更加委婉) 3. 荒漠化常与贫困相伴。土地荒漠化严重的地区多是我国贫困人口集中分布的地区。?
may, can/could 表示“按规定许可或征求别 人的允许”。 4、为你的难过而快乐的是敌人，为你的快乐而快乐的是朋友，为你的难过而难过的才是你的知己。
（2）通过读图学史、史料分析来认识明王朝海疆和内陆边疆的问题及其治理 措施：通过问题探究形式，分析史料、学生解答、师生讨论来认识明王朝政治制度的变化。
2. It’s too late. I think he may have gone to bed. 太晚了，我想他可能已经睡觉了。
人教版高考英语一轮总复习 语法专题 专题一 第3讲 情态动词和虚拟语气
——我可以把这本书带出阅览室吗?
——不,不能。你只能在这里阅读。为u示:sNt用必o,.于要..n疑性eed问,意n’句为t时/“d必,o其n须’否”t。定ha当回ve答to。————MY——eu我是s,syt必 的oIu须 ,g必miv戒须ues烟ut。p./吗N/s不mo?,o,y你koiun不gn?必ee。dn’t.
It’s surprising that Mary should love such a
意为“竟然”(含惊讶意味)。person as Jack.
玛丽竟然爱上像杰克这样的人,真是让人惊讶。
(6)will和would的用法
用法
例句
表示意志或意愿。will指现在,would He will/would take you home.
小题快练 用适当的情态动词填空
1.—Excuse me,do you mind if I open the window?
—Well,if you must .I can put on more clothes.
解析 考查情态动词。句意:“不好意思,你介意我把窗户打开吗?”“好吧,如
果你一定要这么做的话。我可以多穿点衣服。”must表示“偏要,非要”。
—Must you interrupt now?Can’t you see
I’m on the phone?
表示偏执、固执,意为“非得;偏 —Sorry sir,but it’s urgent.
要”。
——你现在必须打断我吗?你没看见我在
打电话吗? ——对不起,先生,我有急事。
(4)shall的用法
第3讲 情态动词和虚拟语气
专题一
英语
内容索引
情境导入 考点解读 技法图解
高三英语一轮语法复习情态动词和虚拟语气课件
1. 对现在或将来的推测（结构：情态动词+do） 情态动词可以用来表示对现在或将来的情况进行推测 She could be lost. 她可能迷路了。 注意 如果是对现在或未来正在发生的事情进行推测，可以使用“情 态动词+be doing”结构。 My friend may be still sleeping at home now. 我的朋友现在可能正在家里睡觉。
（2）表示推测，表示“肯定，一定”之意，此时，must只用于肯定句。在否定句 或疑问句中，用can / could。
（3）表示“偏偏，非要，硬要”，有时表示不巧，有时表示固执，
通常都是指令人不快的事。
4. shall的用法
（1）用于第二、三人称，表示说话人的命令、警告、强制、允诺、威胁或 决心等。
考点3 “情态动词+have done”表示责备的语气
可用于表责备语气的情态动词有：should, ought to, could, might, need等，它们常被用来表示说话人对过去事情的不满或遗憾，带 有较强 烈的责备语气，其结构为“情态动词+have done”。
1. should（ought to）have done“本应该……” 表示过去应该做而（实际）没有做的事情，含有责备或遗憾的语 气，其否定形式为“should not/ought not to have done”。should have done 还可以用来表示惊讶、赞叹等情绪 2. could/might have done “本来能够（会）……” 表示过去本来能够（可以）做某事，但实际上没有做到。 3. need+have+done “原本需要做……” 表示本来需要做某事而没有做，“needn’t+have+done”则表示“本来 不必做某事而做了”。
情态动词导学案-高三英语一轮语法复习
一轮英语语法之八：情态动词【预习案】1.情态动词的特性1)不能单独充当谓语，后接______________。
2)无_________________形式。
3)部分情态动词无过去式。
4)可用作助动词。
2.3.常见用法：1)用于请求与询问①May/Might/Could/Can I...?②Would you (please)…/Would you mind…?③Must/Need I…?④Shall I/we/he…?2)表推测①It can be very warm in this area.②It's 9:30 .I think she ___________ be in her office.③That restaurant ____________ be very good. It’s always empty.(2)时间观念①+do/be 对现在情况的推测②+be doing 对现在正在进行的动作的推测③+have done 对过去发生的事情的推测填空：①I can’t find my ticket, I think I must __________(lose) it.②Judging by her clothes, she must ___________ very rich.3)虚语气中的运用①should (not) have done sth. 本应该做某事却没做/本不该做某事却做了②could/might have done sth.③needn’t have done sth.1)特殊的情态动词2)固定搭配①may/might as well ______________________②would rather do…, would prefer/like to do…③can’t …too…/enough __________________________④can’t help/resist doing sth. ______________________⑤can’t but do sth.⑥can’t wait to do ________________⑦before sb can… _____________________⑧I dare say. ___________________⑨do all/what/everything sb can to do sth _________________________【当堂训练】1.选择题1)（2017北京卷）Samuel, the tallest boy in our class, ____ easily reach the books on the top shelf.A.mustB.shouldC.canD.need2)（2017天津卷2）My room is a mess, but I __________clean it before I go out tonight. I can doit in the morning.A. daren’tB.shouldn’tC.needn’tD.mustn’t3)【2016·北京】I love the weekend,because I________get up early on Saturdays and Sundays.A.needn’tB.mustn’tC.wouldn’tD.shouldn’t4)【2016•浙江】George _________ too far . His coffee is still warm .A. must have goneB. might have goneC. can't have goneD. needn't have gone5)【2014·陕西卷】My book,The House of Hales,is missing.Who________have taken it?A.needB.mustC.shouldD.could6)【2021年天津卷第一次】It used to be that you ______ drive for miles here without seeinganother person, but now there are houses and people everywhere.A．need B．should C．could D．must7)【2021年天津卷第二次】I honestly don't think I'm going to be admitted.Wel1, you never know! You________ a better impression than you think.A. may have madeB. should have madeC. couldn’t have madeD. needn't have made8)【2020·天津】Jim says we ______ stay in his house as long as we leave it clean and tidy .A．must B．can C．need D．should9)【2020·天津】You ____________ have scolded him for his poor performance. After all, he haddone his best.A．must B．should C．mustn’t D．shouldn't2.填空：1)When I was a child, I ________ watch TV whenever I wanted to.2)The police haven’t found the lost child, but they’re doing all they _________.3)If you don’t want to go swimming, you ________ as well stay at home.4)I like the author so much that I __________ wait to read his new book.5)You __________ be too careful when crossing the street.6)The poor postman was fired before he _________ account for his fault.7)It is usually warm in my hometown in March，but it ________be rather cold sometimes.8)If you ________go，at least wait until the storm is over.3.单句改错：1)Some classmates suggest we can go to places of interest nearby.2)We can chose between staying at home and taking a trip.3)Do I need leave my telephone number and address?4)I mustn't use a clock to wake me up because at six o'clock each morning the train es by myhouse.5)But in fact, Gorka can quite shy, even around the people he has known for a while.6)As for the consumers, they had better have their own judgment and not were puzzled by ads.7)He may have given you more help, even though he was very busy.【巩固练习】1.选择1)【2015·北京】—Can’t you stay a little longer?—It’s getting late.I really_____go now,My daughter is home alone.A.mayB.canC.mustD.dare2)【2015·重庆】You____be Carol.You haven’t changed a bit after all these years.A.mustB.canC.willD.shall3)【2015·浙江】It was so noisy that we__________ hear ourselves speak.A.couldn’tB.shouldn’tC.mustn’t D needn’t4)【2015•天津】I ______ have worried before I came to the new school, for my classmates here arevery friendly to me.A.mightn’tB.mustn’tC.needn’tD.couldn’t5)【2015·四川】You_____be careful with the camera.It costs!A.mustB.mayC.canD.will6)【2015·陕西】You __________ feel all the training a waste of time, but I’m a hundred percentsure later you’ll be grateful you did it.A. shouldB. needC. shallD. may7)【2015·福建】—Sorry,Mum!I failed the job interview again.—Oh,it's too bad.You________ have made full preparations.A. mustB.canC.wouldD.should8)【2018年北京卷】In today’s information age, the loss of data _________ cause serious problemsfor a pany.A. needB. shouldC. canD. must9)【2018年江苏卷】It’s strange that he_______ have taken the books without the owner’s permission.A. wouldB. shouldC. couldD. might10)【2018年天津卷】I can't find my purse. I___________ it in the supermarket yesterday, but I'mnot sure.A. should leaveB. must have leftC. might leaveD. could have left2.改错1)We must found ways to protect our environment.2)I dare not to face the danger bravely.3)You shouldn't have bought so much food, because I have prepared everything we need for thepicnic.4)You had better not to e here tomorrow.5)You mustn’t do the exercise if you don’t want to.3.填空1)—No one ________be pared with Yao Ming in playing basketball.—Oh，you are really his big fan.2)It ________be the postman at the door. It's only six o'clock.3)I ________worry about my weekend—I always have my plans ready before it es.Just be patient.4)You ________expect the world to change so soon.5)—May I take this book out of the reading room?—No，you ________.You read it in here.6)You ________park here！It's an emergency exit.7)—I don't really like James. Why did you invite him?—Don't worry. He ________not e. He said he wasn't certain what his plans were.8)—I left my handbag on the train，but luckily someone gave it to a railway official.—How unbelievable to get it back！I mean，someone ________ have stolen it.9)It ________have been Tom that parked the car here，as he is the only one with a car.10)What do you mean，there are only ten tickets？There ________ be twelve.。
高一英语情态动词用法归纳
高三一轮复习情态动词的用法要点一．can和could情态动词用法例句can/could表示能力1．"I don't think Mike can type.""Yes, he can."2．I can speak fluent English now , but I couldn't last year.在肯定句中，表示客观可能性，并不涉及具体某事会发生，常用来说明人或事物的特征（译为"有时会"）。
要表达具体某事实际发生的可能性时，不用can，需用could，may，might。
1．As a human being, anyone can make a mistake.2．I'm confident that a solution can be found.3．He can be very forgetful sometimes.4．I may stay at home this weekend.（实际可能性）5．Peter might come to join us.(实际可能性)6．It will be sunny in the daytime ,but it could rain tonight.(实际可能性)表示请求和允许。
表示请求，口语中常用could代替can，使语气更委婉。
1．Can we turn the air conditioner on?2．Any police officer can insist on seeing a driver's license.3．In soccer, you can't touch the ball with your hands.4．Could you have her call me back when she gets home, please?5．I wonder if I could just ask you to sign this.表示对现在的动作或状态进行主观的猜测，主要用在否定句和疑问句中。
情态动词与虚拟语气(高考一轮复习)
brother.”
1、情态动词在一般疑问句中的回答： ① Can you sing? Yes, I can.
No, I can’t. ② May I come in? Yes, you may.
No, you mustn’t. ③ Must I hand in the book now? Yes, you must.
• Without electricity human life _w_o_u_l_d_b_e____ (be) quite different
• We _co_u_l_d_h_a_v_e_f_ac_e_d__(face) the difficulty together, but why didn’t you tell me?
_c_a_n_’t__ be Lisa. She’s still in the library at
this time. 3. 4.I haven’t decided where I’m going for my
holidays. I m__a_y__ go to Australia.
4. “Who was the man talking with your
A. needn’t √B. may not C. shouldn’t D. mustn’t
The subjunctive mood
12
一、虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法（if条件
句） 从句
主句
现在
did / were
would/could/should/might +V.(原)
Eg: If I were you, I would work harder.
高考英语一轮复习情态动词训练题(含答案)
高考英语一轮复习情态动词训练题（含答案）一、单项选择题1．Zhang Guimei, a famous moral model, ________a better life, but caring for neither, she devoted herself to changing the fates of children in the mountains.A．could have enjoyed B．may enjoyC．must have enjoyed D．can enjoy2．Why didn't you tell me there was no meeting today? I all the way here through the heavy snow.A．needn't have driven B．couldn't have drivenC．should have driven D．must have driven3．It used to be that you ___drive for miles here without seeing another person, but now there are houses and people everywhere.A．need B．should C．could D．must4．Don't worry, please! All payments ______be made by the end of the year.A．will B．shall C．can D．must5．It has been announced that all students ________ put on masks before going to school in case they are infected with novel coronavirus.A．shall B．will C．need D．may6．The biologist a lot of difficulties while she stayed in Africa studying wild animals for 20 years.A．may go through B．might go throughC．ought to have gone through D．must have gone through7．Jim says we ______ stay in his house as long as we leave it clean and tidy.A．must B．can C．need D．should 8．—Continuous hot days are getting to be more than I can take.—Hold on. According to the weather forecast people ______ have some relief by the weekend.A．would B．should C．need D．must9．It was so noisy that we hear ourselves speak.A．couldn't B．shouldn't C．mustn't D．needn't10．—I wonder whether Helen will be here by five.—Her mother said she left home at half past four. She ________ be here at ten past five.A．dare B．should C．shall D．need11．I've ordered some pizza, so we _______ worry about cooking when we get home tired.A．can't B．dare not C．needn't D．may not 12．— Henry was forced to leave for the invalid visa.— He __________the period of timeA．should have extended B．must have extendedC．may have extended D．would have extended 13．Whatever _______happen, we are not going to give up our determined plan.A．may B．must C．can D．should 14．Imitating others' actions in Tik Tok _____ be very dangerous, so you can't be too careful.A．should B．shall C．might D．can 15．— Will the monthly allowance of $ 500 cover all your living expenses?— I ________ have no problem with money, as I am quite good at handling it.A．might B．should C．could D．would 16．— It's really a pity that you didn't go to see Frozen II last night.— I ________, but I had to prepare for the coming exam.A．would like to B．ought to C．would have D．should have 17．Playing computer games cost the boy plenty of time he ________ have spent doing his lessons.A．ought to B．shall C．may D．must 18．We _______ the assignment ahead of time had you explained the objective to us earlier A．could completed B．would completeC．should complete D．could have completed19．—I didn't know you were good friends.—You _______. I have known her since she moved here. You were studying abroad then.A．may have B．needn't have C．couldn't have D．must have 20．—It's so hot and uncomfortable here! Why are your windows still closed?—Oh, I'm not to blame. They _______ open.A．shan't B．mustn't C．won't D．wouldn't 21．—Why did Mary ignore me at the party last night?—She you. She wasn't wearing her glasses.A．shouldn't have seen B．needn't have seenC．won't have seen D．might haven't seen22．—You really did a good job, Robert!—I was just doing my job and anyone in my position ________ the same like me.A．might do A B．could doC．should have done D．would have done23．He slept like a log through all the noise—he ________ very tired.A．must be B．might have beenC．might be D．must have been24．There is no light in Smith's room. Therefore, he ________ be at home.A．wouldn't B．mustn't C．shouldn't D．can't25．— Why do you care about him so much?— You ________him when he first came out— it was so sad.A．would have seen B．should have seenC．might have seen D．could have seen26．Interested in painting, he ________ paint with pen and paper after work, gradually cultivating himself into a selftaught painter.A．would B．must C．might D．should27．Now that he'd come to the door, he thought he _______ as well go in with the others to have a look.A．might B．could C．should D．must28．I wonder what makes TikTok appeal to people of all ages. People have wasted so much of their time which _______ for other more meaningful things.A．could have been saved B．would be savedC．must have been saved D．should be saved29．If students don't take headmaster's advice offered at the graduation ceremony seriously, they _______ pay a considerable price in the years ahead.A．must B．may C．can D．should30．—I phoned you yesterday morning. A girl answered, but I didn't recognize the voice.—Oh, it ________ my younger sister. She was in my room at that moment.A．must have been B．should have beenC．could have been D．may have been31．—Are you going on a holiday after the exam?—Well, I haven't decided yet. I ________ find some other choices.A．would B．might C．must D．should32．The room is so clean. He ________ have cleaned it yesterday evening.A．will B．need C．can D．must33．Days later, my brother called to say he was all right, but ________say where he was.A．mustn't B．shouldn't C．wouldn't D．mightn't34．It wasn't right to me that such near neighbors ________ not know one another.A．could B．would C．should D．might35．—Will you read me a story, Mummy?—OK. You ________ have one if you go to bed as soon as possible.A．might B．must C．could D．shall36．—I spend two weeks in Beijing last year.—Then you must have visited the Great Wall during your stay, ________ you?A．mustn't B．didn't C．haven't D．hadn't37．Since we can do nothing about it, we ________ as well consult Mr. Smith about the matter.A．can B．must C．need D．may38．The law is equally applied to everyone. No one ________ be above it.A．shall B．must C．may D．need39．— Excuse me, do you mind if I open the window?— Well, if you . I can put on more clothes.A．can B．may C．must D．shall40．Frankly speaking, I am not sure whether I ________ this in the old days with that kind of equipment, which looks quite odd and ridiculous.A．should have done B．need have doneC．would have done D．must have done答案1．A 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．A 6．D 7．B 8．B 9．A 10．B 11．C 12．A 13．A 14．D 15．B 16．C 17．A 18．D 19．C 20．C 21．D 22．D 23．D 24．D 25．B 26．A 27．A 28．A 29．B 30．A 31．B 32．D 33．C 34．C 35．D 36．B 37．D 38．A 39．C 40．C。
第九节情态动词和虚拟语气讲义-高三英语一轮复习
第九节情态动词和虚拟语气〔真题演练〕1. （经典高考）I can’t find my purse. I could （leave）it in the supermarket yesterday, but I’m not sure.2. （经典高考）Truly elegant chopsticks might （make）of gold and silver with Chinese characters.3. （经典高考）What a pity! You missed the sightseeing, or we（have） a good time together.4. （经典高考）If we （catch）the flight yesterday, we would be enjoying our holiday on the beach now.〔必备知识〕考点一情态动词1.情态动词的基本用法情态动词用法例句can/could表示“能力”，意为“能，会”Samuel, the tallest boy in our class,can easily reach the books on the top shelf. Samuel是我们班最高的男孩，他能轻易地拿到书架顶层的书。
表示推测，意为“可能”，往往用于否定句或疑问句中。
can比could语气强That can’t be Mary—she is in London now.那不可能是玛丽——她现在在伦敦。
表示客观可能性，意为“有时候会”，多用于肯定句Credit cards provide us with lots of convenience, but sometimes they can lead to problems.信用卡给我们提供了许多方便，但有时候会带来一些问题。
表示礼貌地请求，意为“能，可以”。
在疑问句中could可代替can, 语气更委婉Can you tell us your recipe for happiness and a long life?你能告诉我们你幸福和长寿的秘诀吗？固定句式：can’t...too/enough“无论多么……也不过分”“越……越好”I can’t thank you too much for all your help to my son while we were away from home.我非常感谢你在我们不在家时对我儿子的帮助。
高三英语一轮复习英语语法--情态动词
Fish will die without water.鱼儿离开了水会死亡的。
He would come to see me on Sunday when he was in Beijing.The wound would not heal.伤口老是不能愈合。
注意：would 与used to 的区别：ed to表示过去的某种习惯，现在已经没那样的习惯了；would 表示过去有某种习惯，不与现在对比We would sit in the yard every evening and listen to his story. (过去会这样，不与现在对比)We used to sit in the yard every evening and listen to his story. (过去是这样的，但现在不这样了) 2.表示过去的状态，只能用used to，不能用wouldThere used to be a park here.这儿过去有个公园。
（言下之意：现在没有了）（五）shall, should和ought to1.shall用于第一、第三人称作主语的疑问句中，表示征求对方（听话者）的意见What shall we do this evening? Shall he come in?2.should 表示“应该”，表义务，责任，也可表示劝告，建议You should keep your promise.3.should表示按常规、常理推测，意为“可能”或“应该”They should arrive by one o’clock.4.提出意见、请求、建议时，可用should表示委婉、谦逊的语气，意为“可”，“倒是”I should think you are mistaken.我倒是认为你弄错了。
5.ought to表示责任和义务，意为“应该”，语气比should强；还可表推测You ought to obey your parents when they are right.You have practic ed for a long time. There ought to be no difficulty for you.注意：1.shall用于第二、三人称表示“警告、命令、允诺、威胁”等You shall fail if you don’t work harder.你不更加努力工作，你就不会成功。
高考英语一轮复习：第二讲-情态动词和虚拟语气省公开课获奖课件市赛课比赛一等奖课件
ambulance to you. They ________ be there any second.
3．must 表达推测时只能用于肯定句中，意为“一定，必 定”，表达十分肯定旳语气(在疑问句中或否定句中要 用can)。 —It's the office！So you must know eating is not allowed here.—Oh, sorry.(摘自2023湖南高考) ——这是办公室！所以你一定懂得这里不许吃东西。 ——噢，对不起。
— May I take this book out of the reading room? — No, you mustn't. You read it in here.(摘自2023陕西高考) ——我能够把书拿出阅览室吗？ ——不，决不能够，你在这儿读。
3．must旳使用方法 (1)表达禁止(用于否定句)。
5．will和would旳使用方法 作情态动词旳will, would与作助动词旳will, would旳多 种形式相同。
(1)表达自愿做或主动提出做什么，如意志、愿望或决心 等。would用于过去旳情况。 John promised his doctor he would not smoke, and he has never smoked ever since.(摘自2023北京高考)
A．can't
B．mustn't
C．daren't
D．needn't
解析：考察情态动词。句意：我不必紧张我旳周末——我
总是在周末来临之前就计划好了。根据下文可知D项“没
有必要”符合语境。A项“不能，不可能”；B项“禁
止”；C项“不敢”。
高考英语语法一轮复习——情态动词(共23张ppt)
3. 有时可用于祈使句，表示祝愿。
May you succeed.
May you be happy.
May that day come soon.
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will和would
1will 和would 可用于第二人称疑问句， 表示请求和建议等。would比will婉转. Will you tell her that I'm here? 请您告诉她说我在这儿，好吗？
1. can的主要用法是： A. 表示体力或脑力的能力：
eg. The girl can dance very well. B. 在口语中, can可以表示请求或允许：
eg. Can I sit here?
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C.表示推测，更常见于疑问句与否定句，在此种用法中，can 与 could没有时态的区别，只有可能性大小的区别。can表示推测的 可能性比could大。 Can he be ill at home?(他会是生病在家吗？) He cannot be at home.(他不可能在家) You mustn't smoke when you sit in the bed. You could start a fire.那 样可能会引起火灾。
D.表示理论上的可能性，指常有的行为或情形，意为 有时会。 Accidents can happen to any drunken driver. 醉酒的司机都有可能发生交通事故。
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2. could的主要用法是： A. could 是can的过去式, 表示与过去有关的能力和推测: eg. I could not read such a book when I was 7 years old. 我七岁时连这本书都看不懂 B. could可以代替can表示请求, 但语气较can委婉:
高考英语一轮复习 语法点专题讲解 情态动词
情态动词情态动词顾名思义就是表示情感和态度的词，常见的有：can (could); may (might); must; have to; shall (should); will (would); need; dare (dared); ought to; 情态动词没有人称和数的变化，不能单独使用，它与其后的动词原形合成谓语结构。
它们的用法如下：一. can和could 的用法1.表示能力或客观的可能性，还可以表示请求和允许。
如：Can you finish this work tonight? Man cannot live without air.— Can I go now? — Yes, you can.注意：1)could表示语气较委婉的请求，主要用语疑问句，（用于此意义时不用在肯定句）答语用can。
— Could I come to see you tomorrow?— Yes, you can. (不能用could). （否定句常用No, I'm afraid not.）2)can表示能力时，还可以用“be able to” 代替，例如：I'll be able to come this afternoon.但当我们要表示“某件事已成”时，须用“was (were) able to”不能用could，例如：He was able to go to the party yesterday evening and he enjoyed himself very much.2.表示“惊异、怀疑、不相信”的态度。
（主要用在否定句、疑问句和感叹句中）Can this be true? How can you say like that? This cannot be done by him.3.“can (could) + have + done” 的疑问或否定形式表示对过去发生的行为怀疑或不肯定。
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08高考第一轮复习专题17模块四语法专练：情态动词【考点透视】从近几年的高考试题来看，情态动词是一大热点。
每年单项填空题必考一题，通常从三个方面来考查考生对情态动词的运用：一是情态动词本身所表达的意义，如表示禁止、命令、威胁、许诺等意义；can, may, might, need, shall, should等的用法。
二是“情态动词+have done”表示推测。
三是情态动词后面省略形式的用法区别，如I could (=I could do），I could have (=I could have done)的区别。
（一）can和could的用法1．表示能力或客观可能性，还可以表示请求和允许。
例如：Can you finish this work tonight?一Can I go now? 一Y es，you can.2．could也可表示请求，是委婉的语气，主要用于疑问句，不可用于肯定句，答语应用can，即could 不能用于现在时态的简略答语中。
例如：一Could I come to see you tomorrow?一Y es，you can. (否定答语可用No，I’m afraid not)。
3．表示惊异、怀疑、不相信的态度。
(主要用在否定句、疑问句或惊叹句中)Can this be true?4．“can (could) + have + 过去分词”的疑问或否定形式表示对过去发生的行为怀疑或不肯定。
例如：He cannot have been to that town.（二）may和might的用法1．表示请求、可以与允许的情况，might比may的语气更加委婉。
may的否定式为may not，但表示“不可以、禁止”答意思时常用mustn’t代替may not。
例如：一May I take the book out of the reading-room?一Y es, you may. (No, you mustn’t. / No, you may not. / No, you’d better not.)2．“may / might + have + v-ed”结构表示对过去行为的推测，含有“想必、也许会”的意思。
She may／might have missed the train.（三）must和have to的用法1．must的否定式有两个：mustn’t表示“禁止”；needn’t/ don’t have to是一般疑问句的否定答复。
例如：一Must we hand in our exercise books today?一No，you needn’t.2．“must have done”意思是“过去一定做了”；其否定式“can’t/ mustn’t have done”意思是“(过去)不可能做了”；而“needn’t have done”意思是“(过去)没必要做”。
3．must与have to的区别；二者含义很相似，两者往往可以互换使用，但have to有各种形式，随have 的变化而定。
must与have to有下列几点不同：（1）must表示的是说话人的主观看法，而have to则往往强调客观需要。
（2）must一般只表示现在，而have to则有更多的时态形式。
（3）询问对方的意愿时应用must。
（4）表示理论上的论断和自然法则的必然性时，应用must。
例如：We must believe that only socialism can save China.（四）dare和need的用法1．need表示“需要”或“必须”，作情态动词时，仅用于否定句或疑问句中，在肯定句中一般用must，have to，ought to或should代替。
例如：―Need I finish the work? ―Y es, you must.注意：needn’t have done表示“本来不必做某事而实际上做了某事”。
2．dare做情态动词时，主要用于疑问句、否定句和条件从句中，一般不用肯定句中。
例如：How dare you say I’m unfair?3．dare和need常用作实义动词，有时态、人称和数的变化。
所不同的是，作实义动词时，在肯定句中，后面通常接带to的不定式，在否定和疑问句中，后面可接带to或不带to的不定式。
（五）shall和should的用法1．shall常用于第一、第三人称。
若用于其他人称时，则表示说话人给对方的“命令、警告、允诺或威胁”。
2．shall用于条约、规章、法令等文件中，表示义务或规定，一般用第三人称，意为“一定”。
3．shall用于if/ when引导的从句中，表示将来的可能性，语气较强，意为“将”。
例如：When I shall see him, I will give him your message.4．should常表示“惊异、赞叹、不满”等情绪。
主语从句中谓语动词要用“should＋动词原形”。
5．should have done意为“应该做而未做”；shouldn’t have done意为“不应该做而做了”。
6．should表示劝告、建议、命令。
同义词未ought to。
（六）will和would的用法1．表示请求、建议等，would比will委婉客气。
2．表示意志、愿望和决心。
3．will be和will have done的结构均表示推测，主要用于第二、三人称。
前者表示对目前情况的推测，后者表示对已经完成的动作或事态的推测。
This will be the book you want.The guests would have arrived by that time.4．would可表示过去反复发生的动作或某种倾向。
would表过去习惯时used to正式，并没有“现已无此习惯”的含义。
（七）ought to的用法1．ought to表示应该2．ought to表示推测3．ought to have done表示过去应做某事而实际未做。
（这时ought to和should可以互换）（八）used to，had better，would rather的用法1．used to表示过去的习惯动作或状态，现在已不存在，在间接引语中，其形式可不变。
在疑问句、否定句、否定疑问句或强调句中，可有两种形式。
如：Did you use to go to the same school as your brother?Used you to go to the same school as your brother?I usedn’t to go there.I didn’t use to go there.She used to be very fat, didn’t she? / use(d)n’t she?2．had better意为“最好”，后接不带to的不定式。
3．would rather意为“宁愿”，后接不带to的不定式。
由于would rather表示选择，因而后可接than。
如：I would rather work on a farm than in a factory.I would rather watch TV than go to see the film.I would rather lose a dozen cherry trees than you should tell me one lie.【题例精析】【例1】—Didn’t they come to the party last week?—Y es. They didn’t want to come with us at first, but then we ____ persuade them.A. wouldB. couldC. were able toD. had to【易错点悟】解答该题的关键在于区别can 与be able to 表示“能力”的用法。
【要点精析】根据上下文语境及讲话人语气，选项动作表示经过努力才完成的。
在这种语气的肯定句和疑问句中，常用be able to，在否定句中可用can。
【答案】C【例2】Y ou ____ pay too much attention to your reading skill, as it is so important. （2007北京四中交流卷）A. can’tB. shouldC. mustD. needn’t【易错点悟】解答该题的关键是对“can’t...too...”固定短语的理解。
【要点精析】根据句子意义：无论怎么注意你的阅读技巧都不过分。
同时句中由于有了too...to结构，只有can’t可以与它构成固定短语，有此含义。
其它选项无此意。
【答案】A【专项检测】1. I promised to get there before 5 o’clock, but now the rain is pouring down. They ______ for me impatiently.A. may waitB. ought to waitC. could waitD. must be waiting2.Sh e was very brave. Even though she’d hurt her leg, she ________ go back alone.A. couldB. mightC. have toD. was able to3. Y ou ________ pay too much attention to your reading skill, as it is so important.A. cannotB. shouldC. mustD. needn’t4. I’ve tried sever al times, but the car just _______.A. doesn’t startB. wouldn’t startC. won’t startD. didn’t start5. Always the old lady ______ sit for hours doing nothing at all.A. was used toB. wouldC. used toD. should6. There used to be a small school,___________?A. was thereB. wasn’t itC. usedn’t thereD. usedn’t it8. Haven’t I told you that you __________ have the answer tomorrow morning?A. willB. shallC. shouldD. would9. I’m surprised that he _______ in the match.A. should failB. should have failedC. would have failedD. may have failed10. Better go to see my sick colleague right now, ________I?A. hadn’tB. didn’tC. don’tD. won’t11. Sir, you ______ be hunting deer here, for they are preserved by the government.A. oughtn’t toB. can’tC. won’tD. needn’t12. Sorry I’m late. I ______ have turned off the alarm clock and gone back to sleep again.A. mightB. shouldC. canD. will13. — There were already five people in the car, but they managed to take me as well.— It __________ a comfortable journey.A. can’tB. shouldn’t beC. must have beenD. couldn’t have been15. ____ three people who travel together, there _____ be at least one who ____ be my teacher.A. Between; can; willB. In; should; couldC. Among; will; mayD. Of; must; can17. —We need a person badly to think up such an idea.—_______ the new comer have a try?A. ShallB. MayC. ShouldD. Need18. We ________ so tired. We’ve only been to a party.A. mustn’t have feltB. wouldn’t have feltC. shouldn’t have feltD. couldn’t have felt19. Professor Smith, many students want to see you. __________ they wait here or outside?A. DoB. ShallC. WillD. Would21. —I went to work on foot yesterday, though it _________ cats and dogs.—Y ou __________ by bus. It was likely to get a cold.A. is raining; must have goneB. rained; would goC. was mining; should have goneD. have rained; could have gone23. I told Sally to fix him up with this job, but perhaps I _________ it out for her.A. had to writeB. must have writtenC. should have writtenD. ought to write24. My sister met him at the Grand Theatre yesterday afternoon, so he ________ your lecture.A. couldn’t have attendedB. needn’t have attendedC. mustn’t have attendedD. shouldn’t have attended25. Research findings show we spend about two hours dreaming every night, no matter what we ________ duringthe day.A. should have doneB. would have doneC. may have doneD. must have done26. —Is there any flight to Tokyo today?— I think there _____, for the weather is too bad.A. mustn’t beB. mightn’t beC. needn’t beD. can’t be27. —I’m told that John had another car accident this morning.— I believe not. He _____ so careless.A. shouldn’t have beenB. wouldn’t hav e beenC. couldn’t have beenD. mustn’t have been28. It was playing computer games that cost the boy a lot of time that he __________ doing his lessons.A. might have spentB. ought to have spentC. must have spentD. could have spent29. —I didn’t know you were good friends.—Y ou _______. I have known her since she moved here. Y ou were studying abroad then.A. may haveB. needn’t haveC. couldn’t haveD. must have30. They must have finished the work by the end of last month, __________?A. mustn’t theyB. haven’t theyC. hadn’t theyD. didn’t they31. —I didn’t see her yesterday.— Of course, you _____, because he had gone for a trip.A. can’tB. may not haveC. can’t haveD. must n’t have32. Y ou ________ phone him if you want to, but you _________. He is sure to phone you.A. may; mustn’tB. have to; needn’tC. can; doesn’t needD. can; needn’t33. — She must have gone back to the valley.— ______, she _____ have. The entrance to it was nowhere to be found.A. No; mustn’tB. Y es; mightC. Y es; couldD. No; couldn’t34. He _____ full marks, but he was so careless as to make a spelling mistake.A. must have gainedB. can have gainedC. could have gainedD. must gain35. From what you said, she _____ you about it.A. mustn’t have toldB. can’t have toldC. mustn’t tellD. can’t tell36. — Y ou ought to have made an apology to Tom yesterday evening.— Y es, I know I _________.A. ought toB. have toC. should haveD. must have37. —Is there a fog in the evening?—There _______ be. I’ll make a phone call to find it out.A. mustB. wouldC. willD. might38. —_______ he help you with the problem?—Well, though it is very hard, __________ I’ll do what I can to work it out.A. Shall; butB. Can; andC. Must; howeverD. Will; still39. —How is that, Joan?—Y eah, it’s from the boss. She _________ first, whether she likes it.A. shall goB. ought to have goneC. should goD. must have gone40. —Would you like to watch the video, in which you can see foreigners making jiaoji during the SpringFestival?—Sure, it ______ be very interesting.A. shouldB. mayC. canD. will41. —The door was open.—It _________ open. I had locked it myself and the key was in my pocket.A. can not beB. must not beC. can not have beenD. must not have been42. —Where ________ Margaret have put the empty bottles?—She ________ them away. They must be somewhere.A. can; can’t have thrownB. must; needn’tC. must; must have thrownD. cant; must throw43. —Mum, I climbed to get the Teddy Bear from the top of the shelf.—My goodness! Y ou _______ yourself. Y ou ______ do that next time.A. must have hurt; mustn’tB. should have hurt; can’tC. may have hurt; mustn’tD. might have hurt; won’t be able to44. —Shall I go and buy more food and drinks for the party?—No, we have prepared a fridge of those. That _______ be quite enough.A. canB. mayC. mightD. ought to45. —Hurry up, Michael! It’s ten to three.—Goodness me! The class_______. I’ll be late again.A. must beginB. may beginC. should have begunD. must have begun46. When he was there, he ____ go to that coffee shop at the street comer after work every day.A. wouldB. shouldC. had betterD. might48. —How could I thank you enough?—Don’t mention it. Any other man _________ that.A. must doB. could doC. would have doneD. should have done49. —Why aren’t they here yet?—They ________ the bus.A. can have missedB. must be late forC. may have missedD. might be late for50. Mike _______ come to see me I don’t want to go out in case he comes.A. canB. mustC. mayD. will51. The thief ________ in from the kitchen window as the door was closed.A. may climbB. must have climbedC. could have climbedD. should have climbed52. —Y ou didn’t invite Bill?—__________ him too?A. Must I inviteB. Must I have invitedC. Should I inviteD. Should I have invited53. —Why didn’t you attend the l ecture yesterday?—I didn’t think that we _______ on Sundays.A. shouldB. ought to haveC. shouldn’t haveD. will have to54. It’s said that there are plenty of hotels in that town. There ______ be any difficulty for you to find somewhereto stay.A. wouldn’tB. mustn’tC. shouldn’tD. needn’t55. —Would you be here to attend the English party this evening?—Y es, we _________.A. shallB. wouldC. willD. must56. On Sundays when I was a child, Father and I _______ get up early and go fishing.A. couldB. wouldC. mightD. should58. I lived with my sister this summer and didn’t have to pay rent. So I ______ save most of my salary.A. couldB. wouldC. was able toD. should59. —Look, John’s fallen asleep.—Oh, he _______ too late last night.A. might sit upB. should have sat upC. could sit upD. must have sat up60. —I posted the letter a week ago.—Then they __________ the letter by now. It usually takes four days.A. can have receivedB. must receiveC. should receiveD. ought to have received61. He used to teach in that university and I _________ ride past it on my way to work.A. wouldB. couldC. shouldD. might62. —So you have to leave now.—Y es, I __________.—How nice it would be if you could stay a bit longer!A. have toB. ought toC. doD. have63. He _______ Shanghai, for I saw him talking with the headmaster a moment ago.A. must have gone toB. can’t have gone toC. mustn’t have been toD. can’t have been to64. From what I learn about their hotel, the service and the weather, they _____ their holiday very much.A. wouldn’t have enjoyedB. shouldn’t have enjoyedC. needn’t have enjoyedD. can’t have enjoyed65. It is not like Jack to be unfriendly, so he _________ you when you called.A. can’t have seenB. should not have seenC. must not have seenD. need not have seen66. —Many people in England love to give advice on weather reporting.—Y es, but I think the weather office’s computers _________ be more accurate.A. canB. mustC. ought toD. might67. —The farmers lived near the high way.—________ very noisy.A. It must have beenB. They must beC. That might beD. There must be69. —Mary didn’t turn up last time, did she?—No. She_________. We had changed our plan.A. shouldn’t have comeB. needn’t have to comeC. didn’t need to comeD. needn’t have come70. —They haven’t finished the work up to now.—Well, they________.A. shouldB. should haveC. wouldD. must have71. —Shall I go and buy more fruit for the party?—No, I have already bought 3 baskets. That _________ be enough.A. canB. ought toC. mayD. might72. —Why hasn’t the speaker turned up?—He _________ the flight. I’ll find it out at once.A. must have missedB. might have missedC. would have missedD. could have missed73. I _______ pay Tom a visit, but I am not sure whether I will have time this Sunday.A. shouldB. mightC. wouldD. could74. —Who is the girl standing over there?—Well, if you _____ know, her name is Mabel.A. mayB. canC. mustD. shall75. It has been announced that candidates (考生)________ remain in their seats until all the papers have beencollected.A. canB. willC. mayD. shall【答案解析】1．D。