2015仁爱英语中考词热点词汇总词意辨析-易混淆单词、词汇用法汇总教材

2015 中考热点词辨析
一．四看look see watch read
• 1. look at sth. 看的动作
• 2. see sth. 看的结果(see a film)
• 3. watch观看比赛；节目(watch TV; watch the program; watch the match) • 4. read 看书或看杂志(read the magazine)
练习题：
1. What are you doing? I am a magazine.
A. looking
B. reading
C. watching
D. seeing
2. Nearly all the Chinese are the Olympics held in Beijing.
A. reading
B. seeing
C. watching
D. looking
3. It is still early. How about a film with us?
A. reading
B. watching
C. seeing
D. looking
4. He at the words on the blackboard and then left as quickly as possible.
A. saw
B. watched
C. read
D. looked
二。

四花费take pay spend cost
1. It takes sb.+时间+ to do sth.
2. sb. + spend+ 时间/金钱+ on sth.
sb. + spend+ 时间/金钱+ (in) doing sth.
3. sb.+ pay+ 金钱+ for sth.
4. sth. + cost + sb. +金钱
练习题：
1. She bought a pair of new slippers and it____ her 200 yuan.
A. took
B. spent
C. paid
D. cost
2. What a beautiful sweater! How much did you___ for it?
A. spend
B. pay
C. cost
D. take
3. How long did it you to fly to Hong Kong?
A. cost
B. spend
C. take
D. pay
4. There was so much homework that the boy____ two hours finishing it.
A. cost
B. spent
C. took
D.paid
三．over ，through，across的用法区别
over “越过、翻越过去”
The bird flew over the river. 鸟从河水表面飞过。

through“从中间穿过”
The elephant can’t go through the gate. 这头象不能从门里穿过。

across“横过”(十字)从一边到另一边
The car is going across the brige. 汽车正从桥上经过。

练习题：
1. They can’t climb ________ the mountain if they can’t keep going.
A. on
B. through
C. over
D. across
2. The child will go ______ the road after the light turns green.
A. through
B. across
C. over
D. out
3. Tom and Jack saw a fox when they were walking ______the forest.
A. through
B. across
C. over
D. out
across / cross 区别
I went across the road = I cross the road. 我横过马路。

across, cross是横过的意思
across是介词,通常与go, run, swim搭配；cross是动词, 通常可以直接放在句子中
1 Don’t ______ the street when the red light is on.
A. cross
B. across
C. through
D. over
2 The moonlight goes ______ the window and makes the room bright.
A. across
B. through
C. over
D. in
四：四说say speak tell talk
say “说的内容”
1. say something in +语言（用某种语言说）
2. say to sb. 对某人说
3. say to oneself 自言自语
speak “发言，讲(某种语言)”
1. speak+语言
2. Could I speak to …, please? (电话用语)
3. speak at the meeting (会议上发言)
tell “告诉，讲述”
1. tell sb. (not) to do sth.
2. tell a story / tell a lie 说谎
talk “交谈”
1. talk with/ to sb. 和某人交谈；
2. talk about sth. 谈论某事。

练习题：
• 1.【2013山东】Do you know why he didn't ______a word when he ______to?
•—Because he was too nervous.
• A. speak, speaks B. say, was spoken
• C. say, spoke D. speak, is spoken
• 2. I can’t ______ it in English because I can’t ______ English. Can I _______ you the story in Chinese?
•A．speak; say; tell B．say; speak; tell
•C．tell; speak; say D．say; tell; speak
• 3.―Jim, can you _______ this word in Chinese?
•―Yes, I can_______ a little Chinese.
• A. speak; say B. talk; say
• C. tell; speak D. say; speak
五：四“how”
how soon “多快能发生或完成”, 回答常用in＋一段时间
---How soon will the building be finished?大楼过多久才能完工？
---In a month.一个月吧。

how long “多长时间”，回答常用“for＋一段时间”,“since＋一段时间ago”
how often “多久一次”, 回答常用every day, sometimes, never, once a week等
how far “多远”，回答常用…kilometers away/ ten minutes’ walk
练习题：
• 1. --- ________has the old man been dead?
•--- Since two years ago.
• A. How long B. How soon C. How far D. How often
• 2. --- _____do you go shopping with your mother?
•--- Once a week.
• A. How long B. How soon C. How far D. How often
• 3. --- ____will the great scientist come back?
•--- In three days.
• A. How long B. How soon C. How far D. How often
• 4. ---______is it from your home to our school?
•--- Twenty minutes’ ride.
• A. How long B. How soon C. How far D. How often
六：四穿put on wear dress be in
1. put on 强调动作，“穿上”
2. wear 强调状态，“穿着,戴着” (glasses, watch)
3. dress sb. “给某人穿衣”
人＋be dressed in + 衣服
dress up 盛装打扮
4. be in+颜色/衣服“穿的状态” (be in his red coat)
练习题：
• 1. It was raining outside. He his raincoat and went out.
• A. wore B. was in C. put on D. dressed in
• 2. Our English teacher likes to red and blue clothes.
• A. wear B. dress C. put on D. is in
• 3. It was late, but she had to her little baby.
• A. wear B. put on C. be in D. dress
• 4. The little girl is often her black skirt.
• A. dresses B. wears C. in D. puts on
• 5. The boy ______ a new coat today.
• A. dress B. wear C. in D. wears
七：四“时”sometime /sometimes /some time /some times
sometimes 有时候
Sometimes I go to school by bike.
sometime (将来/过去)某个时候
They will come to our school sometime next week.
some time 一段时间
It took me some time to finish reading the book.
some times 几次，几倍
Our school is some times larger than theirs.
练习题：
• 1. He likes to go to work by bike. But he goes there by bus.
• A. sometimes B. sometime
• C. some times D. some time
• 2. She told me that she would go abroad in the future.
• A. sometimes B. sometime
• C. some times D. some time
• 3. As a reporter, I have been in this school for .
• A. sometimes B. sometime
• C. some times D. some time
• 4. Our classroom is larger than theirs.
• A. sometimes B. sometime
• C. some times D. some time
八：另一个,别的another, the other, others, the others
1 one… the other 一个…另一个(两个)
2 one… another 一个…另一个(不定数目)
3 one… the others 一个…其余的(全部)
4 some… others 一些…其余的(并非全部)
5 some… the others一些…其余的(其余的全部)
练习题：
• 1.“Have _______ try, you are so close to the answer, ”the teacher encourages the kids．
•A．the other B．one another C．other D．another
• 2.—The milk tastes nice. I’d like ______ bottle of milk.
•—Sorry. There is none left. But you can buy one on ______ side of the street.
• A. another; other B. other; the other
• C. another; the other D. the other; another
• 3. ______ of them went to the zoo , _____ went to the park .
• A. Some , others B. Some , the others
• C. Some , some D. All , others
• 4. I have five colour pencils. one is red ______ is blue and ______are green.
• A. another; the others B. another; the other
• C. others; the others D. the other; others
• 5.In my class, some students love music，____are fond of drawing and ____enjoy reading．
•A．some；the other B．others；the other
•C．others；the others D．some；others
• 6.– Your father looks tired!
-- Yes, he worked for ______ after twelve o’clock.
•A．two more hours B．two another hour
•C．more two hours D．another two hour
九：三借borrow/ lend/ keep
borrow “借入”；常用搭配borrow… from…
I borrowed a book from the library yesterday.
lend “借出”；常用搭配lend… to…
Can you lend your pen to me?
keep “保存，借”；表示“借多久”；为“延续性动词”
How long can I keep the book?
练习题：
• 1. You can_____ the football ______ me, but you mustn’t_____ it_____ others.
•A．borrow, from; lend, to B．borrow, to; lend, from
•C．lend, to; borrow, from D．lend, from; borrow, to
• 2. —Can you ____ this novel ____ me?
•—You’d better ____ it ____ the library.
• A. lend, from; borrow, to B. borrow, to lend, from
• C. lend, to; borrow, from D. borrow, from; lend, to
• 3. --Bob，may I your MP4?
•--Sure．But you’d better not it to others．
•A．lend；lend B．lend；borrow
•C．borrow；borrow D．borrow；lend
• 4. —How long can I your bike?
•—For a week. But you mustn’t it to others.
• A. borrow, lend B. keep, lend
• C. lend, borrow D. keep, borrow
• 5. —Must I return the book this week?
•— No, you ____. You can ____ it for 20 days.
• A. mustn't: keep B. needn't; borrow
• C. needn't; keep D. mustn't; borrow
• 6.(09 广东，32) Mike didn't get wet because his teacher___ him an umbrella.
• A.lent B.discovered C.borrowed D.taught
十：三“到” arrive get reac h
arrive in +大地点arrive at +小地点
When did you arrive in Beijing?
We arrived at the village at five yesterday.
get to +地点名词
How do you usually get to school?
reach+地点名词
When she reached the office, the teacher was having a rest.
1. reach=get to=arrive in/at
2. get/arrive +地点副词(here,home,there), 不用介词
练习题：
• 1. Hello! I'm very glad to see you. When_________ you_________ here?
•A．did; arrive B．will; arrive
•C．have; arrived D．are; arriving
• 2. ---When will they ______? ---_______ the seventh of July.
•A．arrive, On B．arrive at, On
•C．arrive in, In D．arrive, In.
• 3. --- When did he ?
•--- Sorry, I don’t know.
• A. get B. arrive C. reach D. arrive in
• 4. --- He began to do his homework as soon as he home.
•--- How hard he worked!
• A. reach B. got C. got to D. arrived at
• 5. A: Could you tell me when you will____Tokyo?
B: I’m not sure. When I _____, I will call you.
•A．arrive ; reach B．reach; get to
•C．get to; arrive D．reach; arrive at
• 6. —I don’t know when he tomorrow.
•—Don’t worry! I will call you when he .
• A. will arrive; arrives B. arrives; will arrive
• C. arrives; arrives D. will arrive; will arrive
•7. How soon will he Nanjing?
• A. get B. arrive C. reach D. been
•8. --- He began to do his homework as soon as he home.
•--- How hard he worked!
• A. reach B. got C. got to D. arrived at
十一：三找look for/ find/ find out
(1)look for “寻找”，强调动作。

I am looking for my pen.我在找钢笔。

(2)find “找到”，强调结果。

(found)
I looked for it everywhere but I couldn’t find it.我到处找了可就是找不到它。

(3)find out “查明真相，弄清缘由”，强调经过费时、周折、调查到最后得到认证的一种
结果。

如：
At last the police found out who killed the old woman.最后警方查明了是谁杀了老太太。

练习题：
• 1. My teacher wanted to _______ who broke the windows of our classroom.
•A．find B．find out
•C．look for D．look after
• 2. It’s hard _____ a job .
• A. to look for B. to find
• C. to find out D. to look at
十二：两“以前” ago / before
ago “距今……以前”，通常与一般过去时连用；
I visited him three days ago.我三天前去访问他。

before “距过去某时……以前”，通常与完成时连用。

He told me he had seen the film before. 他告诉我他之前看过这部电影。

练习题：
• 1. He went to Beijing two days _____. He has never been there _____.
• A. ago; ago B. before; ago C. ago; before
• 2. They have been skating __________.
• A. for three hours ago B. since three hours ago
• C. three hours ago D. since three hours
• 3. --When did your mother do her housework?
•-- _________．
•A．Two hours ago B．In an hour
•C．Two hours D．In two hours ago
十三：“在……中间”among / between
among 用于“三者或三者以上之间”
He built a house among the forest. 他在树林中盖了一间房。

between 则用于“两者之间”
What is the difference between the two words?这两个词的区别是什么？
练习题：
• 1. Mr. Li is not here, and you’d better call him ____3 p.m. ____ 5 p.m. tomorrow.
•A．between; and B．from; and
•C．from; to D．between; to
• 2. She was the eldest _______ the three girls.
•A．in B．between C．with D．among
• 3.– Peter,can you tell me the differences__________the four words?
•--Sorry,I don’t know.
• A. between B. among C. for
十四：区分have gone to/ have been to/ have been in
（1）have gone to+地点,表示“去了某地”。

（人已走，尚未回。

只用于第三人称。

）
They have gone to Europe.
(They are not here.)
（2）have been to+地点,表示“去过某地”。

（人已回）
I have been to Europe twice.
(I am not in Europe now.)
（3）have been in+地点+时间段,表示“在某地多久”。

I have been in Europe for three weeks.
(I am now still in Europe .)
练习题：
• 1. --The Blacks have ______ the Phoenix Island．
•--Really？I have never ______ there before．
•A．gone to；been to B．been to；gone to
•C．gone to；been D．gone；been to
• 2. My parents ___ Tianjin many times.
• A have been in B have been to
• C have gone to D have been
•3---Where is your father?
•---He_____ Australia and he _____Sydney for two weeks.
• A. has been to; has been in B. has gone to ; has been in
• C. has been in; has been to D. has gone to ; has been to
4.The___woman____Shanghai since her husband___ in 1990．
• A. alone；has gone to; died B. alone; has left; died
• C. 1onely; has been in; died D. 1onely; has been to; has died
• 5. --They are late. The film___ for 5 minutes.
•-- It’s a pity.
• A has begun B has started
• C has been on D started
十五：瞬间动词和延续性动词
若句中出现时间段(for…/how long)，则必须使用延续性动词。

瞬间动词和延续性动词转换如下
Begain/Start Be on finished be over
leave Be away Get home Be home
die Be dead Open Be open
Borrow keep close
Come here Be closed Be here
buy have join Be in /be a member
of
caught/got a cold Had a cold Fall asleep Be asleep
练习题：
1.The film began 5 minutes ago. The film___ ___ ___ for 5 minutes.
2.They left an hour ago. They____ ____ ____for an hour.
3.The man died a week ago. The man___ ____ ____ for a week.
5.I borrowed the book a week ago. I____ _____the book for a week.
6.I bought the car a year ago. I____ ____the car since a year ago.
十六：“两忘” forget / leave
forget “忘记”某事
I forget that we had met at a meeting before. 我忘了我们以前在一次会议上见过面。

leave 将物品“遗留”在某地(＋地点短语)
I left the book in his house. 我把书忘在他家里了。

练习题：
• 1. The boy ________ his book here and forgot ________ it home.
•A．left, took B．left, to take
•C．forgot, brought D．forgot, to bring
• 2. ---- I’m sorr y, I ________ your English book in my house.
•---- It doesn’t matter. Please don’t forget _________ it here tomorrow.
•A．forgot; to bring B．left; to bring
•C．forgot; to take D．left; to take
• 3. She _____her homework at home .She didn’t know _____to do.
•A．forgot; how B . left ; what
•C．forgot ; what D．left ; how
十七：beat / win
beat “打败(某人/某队)”，经常用于被动语态。

(beat- beat- beaten)
We beat Class Four in the football match yesterday.昨天足球赛我们打败了四班队。

win “赢得(比赛奖品)”
We won the football game.我们赢得了足球赛的胜利。

win a game 赢得比赛（游戏）win a gold medal 赢得金牌win a prize 获奖win the war 赢得了战争的胜利
练习题：
• 1. After we ____ them, we ___ the last match．
•A．beat, beat B．won, beat
•C．beat, won D．win, won
• 2. ---Who ____ the men's 100-metre hurdle race?
•---Of course Liu Xiang．He ____others．
•A．won, won B．beat, beat
•C．beat, won D．won, beat
• 3. Zhao Gang ______ Huang Lin and _______ first prize in yesterday’s English competition.
• A. beat; beat B. won; won
• C. beat; won D. won; beat
十八：三“除了” besides/ except/ except for
besides意为“除…之外（还有）” (+)
I have another blue pen besides this one.除了这枝外，我还有另一枝蓝色钢笔。

（1+1，共2
枝）
except意为“除…之外（不再有）” (-)
He answered all the questions except the last one. 除了最后一个问题没答外，其余问题他都答了。

except for表示“除了…”，(表示除去整体中的一小部分) (-)
The dress is quite nice except for the color. 除了颜色外，这件衣服很漂亮。

练习题：
• 1. We go to school every day _____ Saturday and Sunday.
A. beside
B. besides
C. except
• 2. All of us went to the park _____ Kim today. He was ill in bed .
•A．beside B．except
•C．except for D．besides
• 3.一What is your hobby．
•一_____collecting stamps，I also like different kinds of CDs.
•A．Besides B．Except
•C．Beside D．About
十九：“三声音” sound/ voice/ noise
(1) sound “声音”，“响声” ，可以指人或动物发出的声音，或物体碰撞的声言。

At midnight he heard a strange sound. 半夜里他听到一种奇怪的声音。

(2) voice一般指人或鸟儿发出的声音。

包括说话声、歌声和笑声
The girl has a beautiful voice.那女孩嗓音很美。

They are talking in low voices.他们正小声交谈。

(3) noise “噪音”、“喧闹声”，常指不悦耳、不和谐的嘈杂声。

Don’t make any noise!别吵闹!
The noise of traffic kept him awake.车辆的喧闹声使他睡不着。

练习题：
• 1. Stop making so much _____. The children are sleeping.
A. voice
B. noise
C. sound
• 2. I telephoned the police. Mr. Gao answered in a tired _____．
•A．sound B．noise
•C．cry D．voice
• 3. The music made me think of the _____ of a running stream．
•A．shout B．noise
•C．voice D．sound
二十：“当…时” when/ while
When+某一点时间/ +某一段时间(短暂/延续性)
When the teacher came into the classroom, we were reading English.
当老师走进教室时，我们正在读英语。

when更强调某一动作的突然性，此时的when相当于and then, and suddenly, just at that time。

如:
We were watching TV when the telephone rang.我们正在看电视，（突然）电话铃响了。

While + 一段时间(动词必须是延续性的)
While I was playing the piano，she was dancing．
我在弹钢琴，她在跳舞。

(两个动作进行对比)
While I was reading，I fell asleep．我读着读着就睡着了。

(某个动作正在进行时，又发生了另一动作)
练习题：
判断正误：
When he woke up，it was eight o'clock．（）
While he woke up，it was eight o'clock．（）
When I was waiting for a bus，I met her．（）
While I was waiting for a bus，I met her．（）
选择题：
• 1. I ____my homework ____ the telephone rang at 8 last night．
•A．was doing；when B．did；when
•C．was doing；while D．did；while
• 2. Amy was reading a book ____ I came in.
• A. when B. while C. because D. Though
• 3. I don’t know when he ____ next week. when he ____, please let me know.
• A. comes, comes B. will come, will come
• C. will come, co mes D. comes, will come
• 4. ---Could you tell me_______?
•---At nine o’clock, in ten minutes.
• A. when will he leave B. when he has left
• C. why he is leaving D. when he will leave
二十一：such…that / so…that
such+ a (形容词) +单数名词+ that
such+ (形容词) +复数或者不可数名词+ that
so + 形容词+ a + 单数名词+ that
so + 形容词或副词+ that
so + many (few) + 复数名词
so + much (little) + 不可数名词
练习题：
• 1. It was ______ lovely weather ______ we decided to spend the day on the beach.
• A. such a；that B. such；that
• C. such；as D. so；that
• 2. Suzhou is______ beautiful place that_______ many people come to visit it every year.
•A．such, so B．so, so
•C．such a, so D．such a, such
• 3. It was ___bad weather____ they all had to stay at home.
• A. such a, that B. such; that C. so; that D. so; to
• 4. Houses in Wuxi are now ____ expensive that ____ many people can’t afford ______them.
• A. such, such, to buy B. so, so, to buy
• C. such, so , buy D. so, such, buy
二十二：
•raise- raised – raised （举起）
•rise- rose – risen （升起）
（1）Raise是及物动词，后面必须有宾语，就是“某人把某物举起来”。

Rise是不及物动词，后面不能加宾语，也就是说“某人、某物自己升起来”。

He raised his right hand. 他举起了右手。

（是他把手举起来的，所以用raise）
I raised the box above my head. 我把盒子举过了头顶。

（盒子是我举起的，所以用raise）The waves rose and fell. 波浪起起伏伏。

（波浪是自己动的，所以用rise）
Smoke rose into the sky. 空中升起了烟。

（烟也是自己飘的，所以用rise）
（2）Raise和rise都有“增长”的意思，同样地：
Raise是及物动词，后面必须有宾语。

Rise是不及物动词，后面不能加宾语。

比如：
We will have to raise our fees. 我们需要提高费用。

（raise后面一定要有宾语）
Prices are rising rapidly. 价格快速上涨。

（rise后面一定不能有宾语）
We ___ our heads to watch the sun ___ over the bridge.
From: /word/ziliao/2013-09-12/231558.html
•lie- lied- lied – lying (说谎)
•lie- lay- lain - lying (躺)
•lay- laid- laid -laying（下蛋）
1)lie用作规则动词(lie，lied，lied)时意为“说谎”。

如：
①He wasn't telling the truth. He lied again/He was lying.
【注意】表示这一意思时，lie可用作名词。

我们一般说tell a lie 或tell lies，而不说say/talk/speak a lie(或lies)。

再如：Lies cannot cover up facts.(谎言掩盖不了事实。

)如要说“我痛恨说谎话”，可以说I hate lying或I
2)lie用作不规则动词(lie，lay，lain)时，表示“躺”，“(东西)平放”，“位于”等意
①He's still lying in bed. 他还躺在床上。

②He felt tired, so he went and lay down for a rest.
3)动词lay也是不规则动词(lay，laid，laid)，是及物动词，后面必须接宾语。

表示“放
置”“产卵”等多种意思。

①He laid his shoulder on my shoulder. 他把手放在我的肩上。

②Don't lay the glass on the corner of the table.
【注意】lay，put，place和set都可用来表示“放置”某一物体。

lay表示把某物横着或摊开着平放。

put较普通，指较随意的放，不强调所放物体的
姿态，可代替其它几个动词。

place是比较正式的用语，指有意识地把某物放在较为确定的位置上或安排某物的顺序，有时含有较庄重的语气。

set特指把某物垂直着放。

When she came several days later, she found that all things still _______ where she had _______ them.
A. lay; laid
C. lay; lain B. laid; laid
D. lying; lain
【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。

【分析】正确答案选A。

第一空填lay，它是lie(位于，在)的过去式 lay；第二空 laid，它是 lay(放，置)的过去分词，句意为“……她发现所有东西还在她当时放它们的地方”。

请注意 lie, lay 的以下用法及词形变换：
•hang- hanged- hanged (上吊)
•hang- hung –hung (悬挂)
参考答案：
四看：1-4：BCCD 四话费：DBCB 越过、穿过：CBA AB
四说：BBD 五：how ADBC 六穿：CADCD 七时：ABDC
八：DCAA DA 九：ACD BCA 十：到达：AABA CACB
十一：BB 十二：CBA 十三：ADB 十四：CBBCC
十五：1.has been on 2.have been away 3. has been dead 4.have kept 5. have kept 6.have had
十六：BBB 十七：CDC 十八：CBA 十九：BDD 二十：对错对对AACD 二十一：BCBB。