【全国百强校】广东省深圳市高级中学2015-2016学年高二上学期期末考试生物试题解析(解析版)

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【全国百强校】广东省深圳市高级中学2015-2016学年高二上学期期中考试生物试题解析(解析版)

【全国百强校】广东省深圳市高级中学2015-2016学年高二上学期期中考试生物试题解析(解析版)

第Ⅰ卷(30分)1. 孟德尔的遗传规律不能适应于下列哪些生物①蓝藻②噬菌体③高等植物④大肠杆菌⑤大型食用真菌A.①②③B.②③⑤C.①②④D.①③⑤【答案】C考点:本题考查孟德尔遗传定律相关知识,意在考察考生对知识点的理解和应用能力。

2、在光合作用中,RuBP羧化酶能催化CO2+C5(即RuBP)→2C3。

为测定RuBP羧化酶的活性,某学习小组从菠菜叶中提取该酶,用其催化C5与14CO2的反应,并检测产物14C3的放射性强度。

下列分析错误的是A、菠菜叶肉细胞内BuBP羧化酶催化上述反应的场所是叶绿体基质B、RuBP羧化酶催化的上述反应需要在无光条件下进行C、测定RuBP羧化酶活性的过程中运用了同位素标记法D、单位时间内14C3生成量越多说明RuBP羧化酶活性越高【答案】B【解析】试题分析:叶肉细胞进行二氧化碳固定的场所是叶绿体基质,故A正确。

RuBP羧化酶虽然催化的是暗反应,但光合作用必须在有光条件下才能进行,否则没有光反应产生的ATP和[H]暗反应中的C3无法还原,故B 错误。

由题意可知标记了C,故应用了同位素标记法,故C正确。

单位时间内标记的14C3生成量越多说明RuBP羧化酶活性越高,故D正确。

考点:本题考查光合作用相关知识,意在考察考生对知识点的理解掌握程度。

3.下列叙述正确的是A.孟德尔定律支持融合遗传的观点B.孟德尔定律描述的过程发生在有丝分裂中C.按照孟德尔定律,AaBbCcDd个体自交,子代基因型有16种D.按照孟德尔定律,对AaBbCc个体进行测交,测交子代基因型有8种【答案】D考点:本题考查孟德尔遗传定律相关知识,意在考察考生对知识点的理解掌握程度。

4. 一对表现正常的夫妇生了一个患白化病的孩子,在丈夫的一个初级精母细胞中,白化病基因(隐性)数目和分布情况最可能是()。

A.2个,位于一条染色体的两条姐妹染色单体中B.1个,位于一条染色单体中C.4个,位于四分体的每条染色单体中D.2个,位于同一个DNA分子的两条链中【答案】A【解析】试题分析:白化病是常染色体隐性遗传病,该夫妻表现正常生了一个患白化病的孩子,说明该男子和女子都是携带者。

广东省深圳市高级中学2015-2016学年高二上学期期末考试语文试卷

广东省深圳市高级中学2015-2016学年高二上学期期末考试语文试卷

资料概述与简介 深圳市高级中学2015-2016学年第一学期期末测试 高二语文 命题人:高一语文备课组审题人:黄磊杨璋 说明:本试卷由两部分组成。

一,高考阅读题型:课外阅读表达能力题(占63 分);二,基础表达题:含本学期知识内容(占 87 分)。

本试卷共8页,21小题,满分150分,考试用时150分钟。

注意事项: 1.答卷前,考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名和考生号、试室号、座位号填写在答题卷的相应位置上。

2..1?3题 苏轼的故乡观 综览苏轼关于故乡、异乡的众多文字表达,可以看出苏轼是一个有浓厚怀乡情结的人。

故乡首先是地理意义的出生之所。

对此苏轼有明确交代,多次说他的家在剑外之地、岷峨之间、蜀江之上。

“吾家蜀江上,江水绿如蓝。

”他虽总在异乡漂泊,但总忘不了其“蜀士”身份。

其次,故乡是宗族意义的团聚地。

在异地他乡,遇到两类人最易牵起怀思故乡的心肠。

一是来自故乡的乡人。

“我家峨眉阴,与子同一邦。

相望六十里,共饮玻璃江。

”那种共饮一江水的同里感觉让身在异乡的他难忘。

二是到故乡去做官的人。

苏轼总会夸故乡的山水、风物等:“胶西高处望西川,应在孤云落照边。

”最后,故乡是文化心理的生活区。

在异乡,苏轼常用故乡的山水、风物、典故来比照,在黄州见到美丽的海棠,他不禁发出是否来自故乡的疑问:“陋邦何处得此花,无乃好事移西蜀?”不仅如此,他还将故乡的文化移植到他乡,让异乡充满故乡的气息。

他在湖州写的《何满子》词中的岷峨、江汉、当垆人等都是故乡的符号。

不断怀念故乡的苏轼,事实上却是于三十三岁时第三次出川后,就再也没有回过老家。

苏轼的后半生在贬谪流放中度过,长期处于“无家”的状态,“逐客如僧岂有家”,不得不忘记地理、家族和文化心理意义上的故乡,认他乡为故乡。

但要认他乡为故乡,又要经历几个必要的思维阶段。

首先将故乡具化,与异乡对立。

苏轼常以比眉州更大的地名或山水、云月来代表故乡,如成都、青城、峨眉、岷江等。

广东省深圳市高级中学高二语文上学期期末考试试题

广东省深圳市高级中学高二语文上学期期末考试试题

深圳市高级中学2015-2016学年第一学期期末测试高二语文说明:本试卷由两部分组成。

一,高考阅读题型:课外阅读表达能力题(占 63 分);二,基础表达题:含本学期知识内容(占 87 分)。

本试卷共8页,21小题,满分150分,考试用时150分钟。

注意事项:1.答卷前,考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名和考生号、试室号、座位号填写在答题卷的相应位置上。

2.凡选择题必须填涂在答题卡上才有效,主观题必须写在答题卷有效区间内才有效。

3.考试结束,监考人员将答题卡按座位号、页码顺序收回。

第I卷阅读题―、现代文阅读(9分,每小题3分)阅读下面的文字,完成1〜3题苏轼的故乡观综览苏轼关于故乡、异乡的众多文字表达,可以看出苏轼是一个有浓厚怀乡情结的人。

故乡首先是地理意义的出生之所。

对此苏轼有明确交代,多次说他的家在剑外之地、岷峨之间、蜀江之上。

“吾家蜀江上,江水绿如蓝。

”他虽总在异乡漂泊,但总忘不了其“蜀士”身份。

其次,故乡是宗族意义的团聚地。

在异地他乡,遇到两类人最易牵起怀思故乡的心肠。

一是来自故乡的乡人。

“我家峨眉阴,与子同一邦。

相望六十里,共饮玻璃江。

”那种共饮一江水的同里感觉让身在异乡的他难忘。

二是到故乡去做官的人。

苏轼总会夸故乡的山水、风物等:“胶西高处望西川,应在孤云落照边。

”最后,故乡是文化心理的生活区。

在异乡,苏轼常用故乡的山水、风物、典故来比照,在黄州见到美丽的海棠,他不禁发出是否来自故乡的疑问:“陋邦何处得此花,无乃好事移西蜀?”不仅如此,他还将故乡的文化移植到他乡,让异乡充满故乡的气息。

他在湖州写的《何满子》词中的岷峨、江汉、当垆人等都是故乡的符号。

不断怀念故乡的苏轼,事实上却是于三十三岁时第三次出川后,就再也没有回过老家。

苏轼的后半生在贬谪流放中度过,长期处于“无家”的状态,“逐客如僧岂有家”,不得不忘记地理、家族和文化心理意义上的故乡,认他乡为故乡。

但要认他乡为故乡,又要经历几个必要的思维阶段。

广东省深圳市高级中学05-06学年高二上学期期末考试

广东省深圳市高级中学05-06学年高二上学期期末考试

深圳市高级中学2015-2016学年第一学期期末测试高二政治命题人:韩力审题人:程贤胜本试卷由二部分组成。

第一部分:期中前基础知识和能力考查共24分;第二部分:期中后基础知识和能力考察共76分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分,第Ⅰ卷为1-40题,共80分,第Ⅱ卷为41-42题,共20分。

全卷共计100分。

考试时间为90分钟。

注意事项1.答第一卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号、考试科目用铅笔涂写在答题卡上2.每小题选出答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动用橡皮擦干净后,再涂其它答案,不能答在试题卷上3.考试结束,监考人员将答题卡按座位号、页码顺序收回第一部分期中前基础知识和能力考查第Ⅰ卷(本卷共计24分)一、选择题(每小题只有一个选项符合题意,每小题2分,共计24分)1.党的十八大提出,要大力发展实体经济。

下列选项中有利于实体经济发展的经济措施有①颁发高新技术企业营业执照,推广高新技术运用②加大财政技改专项资金投入力度,优化产业结构③建立生物医药企业的行业标准,促进行业发展④制定《能源发展“十二五”规划》,推动行业发展A.①③B.①④C.②③D.②④2.某篮球俱乐部新赛季球票销售价格表对表理解正确的是①VIP供给更有限,需求更旺盛,因此单价高于普通区②关键场次的需求对价格变动的反应程度较大,因此单价高于一般场次③套票折算的单场平均价格低于各场次单价,有利于提高球票销售总收入④不同位置的球票是替代品,降低普通区球票的价格会增加VIP区球票的销售量A.①③B.①④C.②③D.②④3.今年5月,团省委与某股权交易中心共同发起设立国内首个“青年大学生创业板”股权众筹平台。

投资机构出资入股,与创业公司共享收益,共担风险。

截至年底,该平台累计上板项目112项,其中55项与投资公司达成投资意向,融资近5000万元。

该股权众筹平台A.创新了公司基本组织形式B.扶持了大学生创业,改善了产业结构C.实现了项目与资源的有效对接D.使投资公司定期获得稳定的经营收益4.信用卡是商业银行向客户发行的一种信用凭证。

广东省深圳市高级中学15—16学年上学期高二期末考试历史试卷(附答案)

广东省深圳市高级中学15—16学年上学期高二期末考试历史试卷(附答案)

深圳市高级中学2015-2016学年第一学期期末测试高二历史试卷命题人:方顺楚审题人:唐洪本试卷由两部分组成。

第一部分:高一年级基础知识能力部分及高二期中测试前所学知识(占40分);第二部分:本学期知识内容(占60分),全卷共计100分。

考试时间为90分钟。

注意事项:1、答第一卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号、考试科目用铅笔涂写在答题卡上。

2、每小题选出答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动用橡皮擦干净后,再涂其它答案,不能答在试题卷上。

3、考试结束,监考人员将答题卡按座位号、页码顺序收回。

第一部分(本卷共计40 分)一.选择题:(每小题只有一个选项,1-8题1分,9-14题2分,共计20分)1.西周的下列分封国中,位于今山东境内的是:①宋②齐③鲁④卫A.①②B.③④C.①④D.②③2..西方学者评价1832年英国议会制度改革是具有革命意义的变革——“Britain is probably closer to the revolution than any other countries in Europe”. 这次议会改革法案出现的主要原因是A.封建割据削弱、中央集权加强的趋势出现B.资产阶级、新贵族与封建势力妥协C.工业革命的影响D.宪章运动的压力3.毛泽东说:“新三民主义或真三民主义,是联俄、联共、扶助农工三大政策的三民主义,没有三大政策,或三大政策缺一,在新时期中,就都是伪三民主义或半三民主义。

”对此,理解最准确的是A.新三民主义就是三大政策B.新三民主义与中共民主革命纲领完全相同C.新三民主义蕴含了三大政策的精神D.三民主义具有阶级和时代局限性4.商鞅变法中“改帝王之制,除井田,民得买卖”措施的最重要意义是A.从法律上确立了封建土地私有制B.增强了秦国的经济实力C.促进了自耕农经济的产生D.推动了秦国封建化进程5.1851年首届世博会在英国伦敦举行,展出了当时英国的经济成就和参展国家先进的工业品,在这次世博会上不可能出现的产品是A.纺织机B.火车C.高速蒸汽轮船D.汽车6.中国早期的民族工业主要分布在沿海地区,根本原因是这些地区A.交通便利,自然条件优越B.经济基础好,商品经济发达C.通商口岸,便于对外贸易D.列强侵略,自然经济解体早7.张艺谋执导的电影《活着》中有这样一个镜头:一个小孩找出父亲用的包着铁皮的箱子要交给街道干部用来炼钢。

全国百强校广东省深圳市高级中学20152016学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题无答案

全国百强校广东省深圳市高级中学20152016学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题无答案

深圳市高级中学2021 -2021学年第一学期期末测试高二英语本试卷由二局部组成。

第一局部为高考题型;第二局部为根底知识考察:其中高一年级知识内容占 10 分,本学期知识内容占 5 分。

试卷共10页,五大题,总分值135分。

考试用时120分钟。

21·世纪*教育网21世纪教育网考前须知:1、答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号、考试科目用铅笔涂写在答题卡上。

2、每题选出答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动用橡皮擦干净后,再涂其它答案或填写客观题答案。

填写在试题卷上无效。

3、考试完毕,监考人员将答题卡按座位号、页码顺序收回。

第一局部高考题型Ⅰ阅读理解〔共两节,总分值40分〕第一节〔共15小题;每题2分,总分值30分〕阅读以下短文,从每题所给的四个选项〔A、B、C和D〕中,选出最正确选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

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广东省深圳市高级中学2015_2016学年高二化学上学期期末考试试题

广东省深圳市高级中学2015_2016学年高二化学上学期期末考试试题

深圳高级中学2015-2016学年第一学期期末考试高二化学本试卷由二部分组成。

第一部分:期中前基础知识和能力考查(共70分);第二部分:期中后知识考查(共30分)全卷共计100分。

考试时间为90分钟。

可能用到的相对原子质量:H-1 C-12 O-16注意事项:1、答题前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号、考试科目用铅笔涂写在答题卡上。

2、每小题选出答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动用橡皮擦干净后,再涂其它答案,不能答在试题卷上。

3、考试结束,监考人员将答题卡按座位号、页码顺序收回。

第I卷(本卷共计70分)一.选择题:(每小题只有一个选项,每小题3分,共计27分)1. 《青花瓷》中所描绘的“瓶身描绘的牡丹一如你初妆”、“色白花青的锦鲤跃然于碗底”等图案让人赏心悦目,但古瓷中所用颜料成分一直是个谜,近年来科学家才得知大多为硅酸盐,如蓝紫色的硅酸铜钡(BaCuSi2O x,铜为+2价),下列关于硅酸铜钡的说法不正确...的是A.可用氧化物形式表示为BaO·CuO·2SiO2 B.性质稳定,不易脱色C.易溶解于强酸和强碱 D.x等于62. 阿伏加德罗常数约为6.02×1023 mol-1,下列叙述正确的是( )A.标准状况下,11.2L的戊烷所含的分子数为0.5×6.02×1023 mol-1B.28g乙烯所含共用电子对数目为4×6.02×1023 mol-1C.1mol 苯中含有碳碳双键的数目为3×6.02×1023 mol-1D.2.8g聚乙烯中含有的碳原子数为0.2×6.02×1023 mol-13. 根据下列实验现象,所得结论正确的是4. 右图是一款笔记本电脑所用甲醇燃料电池的结构示意图。

甲醇在催化剂作用下提供质子(H+)和电子,电子经外电路、质子经内电路到达另一极与氧气反应,电池总反应为:2CH3OH+3O2 = 2CO2+4H2O 下列说法正确的是()A.右电极为电池的正极,b处通入的物质是空气B.左电极为电池的负极,a处通入的物质是空气C.正极反应式为:CH3OH+H2O-6e- = CO2+6H+D.正极反应式为:O2+2H2O+4e-=4OH-5. A、B、C、D均为短周期主族元素,原子序数依次增加,且原子核外L电子层的电子数分别为0、5、8、8,它们的最外层电子数之和为19。

广东省深圳市高级中学2015-2016学年高二上学期期末考试数学试题及答案(文)

广东省深圳市高级中学2015-2016学年高二上学期期末考试数学试题及答案(文)

深圳市高级中学2015-2016学年第一学期期末测试高二文科数学说明:本试卷由两部分组成。

第一部分:期中前基础知识和能力考查,共103分;第二部分:期中后知识考查,共47分。

全卷共计150分。

考试时间为120分钟。

1、答第一部分前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号、考试科目用铅笔涂写在答题卡上。

2、每小题选出答案后,用2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动用橡皮擦干净后,再涂其它答案,不能答在试题卷上。

3、考试结束,监考人员将答题卷收回。

4、参考公式和数据表:的观测值为))()()(()(2kd b c a d c b a bc ad n ++++-=常用数据表:第Ⅰ卷(共103分)一、选择题:本大题共9小题,每小题5分,满分45分.在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的.1.“1=x ”是“02=-x x ”的( )A .充分不必要条件 B. 必要不充分条件C .充要条件 D.既不充分也不必要条件 2.若某空间几何体的三视图如图所示,则该几何体的体积是( )A. 2B. 1C.D.3.若偶函数)(x f 在]0,(-∞内单调递减,则不等式)()1(x f f <-的解集是( ) A . )1,(--∞ B .),1(+∞- C . )1,1(- D .(),1()1,+∞-∞- 4 .已知向量(4,3)=a , (2,1)=-b ,如果向量λ+a b 与b 垂直,则|2|λ-a b 的值为( )2K 2313A .1 BC.5 D.5.已知双曲线22221x y a b-=的一个焦点与抛物线24y x =的焦点重合,且双曲线的离心率等)A.224515y x -=B.225514y x -= C.22154y x -= D.22154x y -= 6.设0x >,0y >,且220x y +=,则lg lg x y +的最大值是 ( ) A. 50B. 2C. 1lg5+D. 17. 一名小学生的年龄和身高(单位:cm)的数据如下:由散点图可知,身高y 与年龄x 之间的线性回归直线方程为,预测该学 生10岁时的身高为( )A.154B. 153C.152D. 1518.设集合]2,1[),1,0[==B A ,函数2,()42,x x Af x x x B ⎧∈=⎨-∈⎩,若0x A ∈且()0f f x A ∈⎡⎤⎣⎦,则0x 的取值范围是( ) A . B .(1,2log 3) C . D .[09.设不等式组所表示的平面区域是,平面区域与关于直线对称,对于中的任意一点A 与中的任意一点B , 的最小值为( ) A . B . C .4 D .2二、填空题 (本大题共2小题,每小题5分,共10分)8.8y x a =+x 1x-2y+30y x ≥⎧⎪≥⎨⎪≥⎩1Ω2Ω1Ω3490x y --=1Ω2Ω||AB 28512510.已知a b c ,,分别是ABC ∆的三个内角A B C ,,所对的边,若1a b ==,且B 是 A 与C 的等差中项,则sin A = .11. 在平面直角坐标系xOy 中,已知圆x 2+y 2=4上有且只有四个点到直线12x -5y +c =0的距离为1,则实数c 的取值范围是________.三、解答题(解答应写出文字说明,证明过程或演算步骤,共48分)12. (本小题满分12分)已知向量互相垂直,其中.(Ⅰ)求的值; (Ⅱ)若,求的值.13.(本小题满分12分)已知数列是等差数列,是等比数列,且,,.(Ⅰ)求数列和的通项公式;(Ⅱ)数列满足,求数列的前项和.14.(本小题满分12分)已知长方形ABCD, AB=2,BC=1.以AB 的中点为原点建立(如图)所示的平面直角坐标系.(Ⅰ)求以A 、B 为焦点,且过C 、D 两点的椭圆的标准方程;(Ⅱ)过点P(0,2)的直线交(Ⅰ)中椭圆于M,N 两点,是否存在直线,使得以弦MN 为直径的圆恰好过原点?若存在,求出直线的方程;若不存在,说明理由.15.(本小题满分12分)设函数3221()231,0 1.3f x x ax a x a =-+-+<< (sin ,2)(1,cos )a b θθ=-=与(0,)2πθ∈sin cos θθ和sin()102πθϕϕ-=<<cos ϕ2O xoy l ll(Ⅰ)求函数)(x f 的极大值;(Ⅱ)若[]1,1x a a ∈-+时,恒有()a f x a '-≤≤成立(其中()f x '是函数()f x 的导函数),试确定实数a 的取值范围.第Ⅱ卷(共47分)一、选择题(本大题共3小题,每小题5分,共15分。

广东省深圳市高级中学2015-2016学年高二上学期期末考试数学试题及答案(理)

广东省深圳市高级中学2015-2016学年高二上学期期末考试数学试题及答案(理)

深圳市高级中学2015-2016学年第一学期期末测试高二理科数学本试卷由两部分组成。

第一部分:期中前基础知识和能力考查,共91分;第二部分:期中后知识考查,共59分。

全卷共计150分。

考试时间为120分钟。

注意事项:1、答第一卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号、考试科目用铅笔涂写在答题卡上。

2、每小题选出答案后,用2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动用橡皮擦干净后,再涂其它答案,不能答在试题卷上。

3、考试结束,监考人员将答题卡按座位号、页码顺序收回。

第1卷(本卷共计91分)一.选择题:共7小题,每小题5分,共35分.在每个小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的一项.1. 若2=a ,集合}3|{3≤=x x B ,则( ) A .a B ∈C .B a ∈}{D .B a ∈2. 如图,在复平面内,复数21,z z 对应的向量分别是OB OA ,,则复数12z z 的值是( )A .i 21+-B .i 22--C .i 21+D .i 21- 3. 若ABC ∆的三边长分别为3,2,5,则ABC ∆的形状是( ) A. —定是锐角三角形 B.—定是直角三角形C. 一定是钝角三角形D.可能是锐角三角形,也可能是钝角三角形4. 设m 、n 是两条不同的直线,α,β是两个不同的平面,则m α⊥的—个充分条件是( )A .m //n ,n //β, αβ⊥B . n //β,α//βC .m //n ,n β⊥,α//β D .m n ⊥,n β⊥,αβ⊥5. 若点P (x ,y )坐标满足,则点P 的轨迹图象大致是( )6.若实数,x y 满足条件01001x y x y x +≥⎧⎪-+≥⎨⎪≤≤⎩,则|3|x y -的最大值为( )A .6B .5C .4D .37. 椭圆22221x y a b+=(0a b >>)的两焦点分别为1F 、2F ,以1F 2F 为边作正三角形,若椭圆恰好平分正三角形的另两条边,则椭圆的离心率为( ) A .12 B.2C1 D.4- 二.填空题(本大题共2小题,每小题5分,共10分.把答案填在答卷卡的相应位置上) 8. 已知是奇函数, , ,则的值是 .9. 经过双曲线221916y x -=的左顶点、虚轴上端点、右焦点的圆的方程是 .三.解答题(本大题共4小题,共46分.解答应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤)10. (本题满分10分)已知数列的首项,通项(为常数),且成等差数列,求:(Ⅰ)的值;(Ⅱ)数列的前项的和的公式.()fx ()()4g x f x =+()12g =()1f -{}n x 13x =2nn x p nq =+,,n N p q *∈145,,x x x ,p q {}n x n n S11. (本题满分12分)已知函数22()(sin2cos2)2sin 2f x x x x =+-. (Ⅰ)求()f x 的最小正周期;(Ⅱ)若函数()y g x =的图象是由()y f x =的图象向右平移8π个单位长度,再向上平移1个单位长度得到的,当x ∈[0,4π]时,求()y g x =的最大值和最小值.12. (本题满分12分)在四棱锥P -ABCD 中,PA ⊥平面ABCD ,AD ∥BC ,BC =2AD =4,AB =CD(Ⅰ) 证明:BD ⊥平面PAC ;(Ⅱ) 若二面角A -PC -D 的大小为60°,求AP 的值.13.(本题满分12分)如图,一抛物线型拱桥的拱顶o 离水面高4米,水面宽度10=AB 米.现有一竹排运送一只货箱欲从桥下经过,已知货箱长20米,宽6米,高2.58米(竹排与水面持平),问货箱能否顺利通过该桥?第Ⅱ卷(本卷共计59分)四.选择题:共5小题,每小题5分,共25分.在每个小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的一项.14. 由数字2,3,4,5,6所组成的没有重复数字的四位数中5,6相邻的奇数共有( )A .10个B .14个C .16个D .18个15. 记2016201620161.80.2,2a b =+=,则它们的大小关系为( ) A .a b >B .a b <C .a b =D .以上均有可能16. 方程049623=-+-x x x 的实根的个数为( ) A .0B .1C .2D .317. 设f (x )是定义在正整数集上的函数,且f (k )满足:当“f (k )≥k 2成立时,总可推出f (k +1)≥(k +1)2成立”.那么下列命题总成立的是( ) A .若f (3)≥9成立,则当k ≥1,均有f (k )≥k 2成立 B .若f (5)≥25成立,则当k <5,均有f (k )≥k 2成立 C .若f (7)<49成立,则当k ≥8,均有f (k )<k 2成立 D .若f (4)=25成立,则当k ≥4,均有f (k )≥k 2成立18. 路灯距地平面为8m ,一个身高为1.6m 的人以84 m/min 的速率从路灯在地面上的射影点C 处,沿某直线离开路灯,那么人影长度的变化速率为v 为( ) A.7/20m s B.s /m 227 C.s /m 237D.s /m 247 五.填空题(本大题共2小题,每小题5分,共10分.把答案填在答卷卡的相应位置上) 19.某纺织厂的一个车间有技术工人名(),编号分别为1、2、3、……、;有台()织布机,编号分别为1、2、3、……、.定义记号:若第名工人操作了第号织布机,规定;否则, 若第名工人没有操作第号织布机,规定.则等式54434241=++++n a a a a 的实际意义是:第 名工人共操作了 台织布机. 20.如图,线段AB =8,点C 在线段AB 上,且AC =2,P 为线段CB 上一动点,点A 绕点C 旋转后与点B 绕点P 旋转后重合于点D .设CP =x , △CPD 的面积为()f x .则()f x 的定义域为 ; 0)('=x f 的解是 .六.解答题(本大题共2小题,共24分.解答应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤) 21. (本题满分10分)计算下列积分:(1)⎰--21|1|dx x ;(2)0⎰.m m N *∈m n n N *∈n i j a i j 1i j a =i j 0i j a=22. (本题满分14分)已知函数x a x g b x x x f ln )(,)(23=++-=. (I )若)(x f 在⎪⎭⎫⎢⎣⎡-∈1,21x 上的最大值为83,求实数b 的值;(II )若对任意[]e x ,1∈,都有x a x x g )2()(2++-≥恒成立,求实数a 的取值范围; (Ⅲ)在(I )的条件下,设()()⎩⎨⎧≥<=1,1,)(x x g x x f x F .对任意给定的正实数a ,曲线)(x F y =上是否存在两点Q P ,,使得POQ ∆是以O 为直角顶点的直角三角形(O 为坐标原点),且此三角形斜边中点在y 轴上?请说明理由.高二理科数学参考答案一.选择题:每小题5分,满分60分1-12 DAACB BCBBC DA 二.填空题:每小题5分,满分20分13. 2 14.22121504x y x y +---= 15.4,5 16.(2,4); 3(说明:15,16两小题,第一空2分,第二空3分) 三.解答题:10+12+12+12+10+14=7017. 解:(Ⅰ)由得,31=x 32=+q p ,(2分)又q p x 4244+=,q p x 5255+=得q p q p 8252355+=++,(4分)解得p =1,q =1 (6分)(Ⅱ) .)21()222(2n S nn+++++++= .2)1(221++-=+n n n (10分)18. 解:(Ⅰ)22()(sin2cos2)2sin 2f x x x x =+-=sin 4cos4)4x x x π++(4分)所以()f x 的最小正周期为2π(6分)(Ⅱ)依题意()))184y g x x ππ==-++)14x π=-+. (9分)因为04x π≤≤,所以34444x πππ-≤-≤.当442x ππ-=,即316x π=时,()g x 1; 当444x ππ-=-,即0x =时, ()g x 取最小值0.(12分) 19. 解: (Ⅰ) 设O 为AC 与BD 的交点,作DE ⊥BC 于点E .由四边形ABCD 是等腰梯形得CE =2BC AD-=1, DE 3,所以BE =DE , 从而得∠DBC =∠BCA =45°,所以∠BOC =90°,即AC ⊥BD . 由PA ⊥平面ABCD 得PA ⊥BD ,所以BD ⊥平面PAC .(6分) (Ⅱ) 作OH ⊥PC 于点H ,连接DH .由(Ⅰ)知DO ⊥平面PAC ,故DO ⊥PC .所以PC ⊥平面DOH ,从而得PC ⊥OH ,PC ⊥DH .故∠DHO 是二面角A -PC -D 的平面角,所以∠DHO =60°.在Rt △DOH 中,由DO ,得OH在Rt △PAC 中,PA PC =OH OC .设PA =x ,.解得x ,即 AP .(12分) (用空间向量方法的,比照给分)20. 解:以O 为坐标原点,以过O 且与水面平行的直线为x 轴, 以过O 的铅垂线为y 轴建立平面直角坐标系. (2分) 则抛物线方程为py x 22-=,点)4,5(-在抛物线上,解得y x 4252-=(7分)货箱的长边为前进方向,宽边和x 轴重合,从桥洞中心行驶,此时能允许通过的最大高度为2.56<2.58, 所以,货箱不可以通过. (12分) (说明:与此建系方案不一样的比照给分) 21. 解:(1)52(5分)(2)π4(10分) 22. 解:(Ⅰ)由()32f x x x b =-++,得()()23232f x x x x x '=-+=--, 令()0f x '=,得0x =或23. 列表如下:由13()28f b -=+,24()327f b =+,∴12()()23f f ->,即最大值为133()288f b -=+=,∴0b =.(4分)(Ⅱ)由()()22g x x a x ≥-++,得()2ln 2x x a x x -≤-.[]1,,ln 1x e x x ∈∴≤≤,且等号不能同时取,∴ln ,ln 0x x x x <->即,∴22ln x x a x x -≤-恒成立,即2min 2()ln x x a x x-≤-.令()[]()22,1,ln x x t x x e x x -=-,求导得2')ln ()ln 22)(1()(x x x x x x t --+-=当[]1,x e ∈时,0ln 22,1ln ,01>-+≤≥-x x x x ,从而()0t x '≥,∴()t x 在[]1,e 上为增函数,∴()()min 11t x t ==-,∴1a ≤-.(9分) (Ⅲ)存在.由条件,()32,1ln ,1x x x F x a x x ⎧-+<=⎨≥⎩,假设曲线()y F x =上存在两点,P Q 满足题意,则,P Q 只能在y 轴两侧, 不妨设()()(),0P t F t t >,则()32,Q t t t -+,且1t ≠.POQ ∆是以O (O 为坐标原点)为直角顶点的直角三角形,∴0OP OQ ⋅=,∴0))((232=++-t t t F t ()*,是否存在,P Q 等价于方程()*在0t >且1t ≠时是否有解.①若01t <<时,方程()*为()()232320t t t t t -+-++=,化简得4210t t -+=, 此方程无解;②若1t >时,()*方程为()232ln 0t a t t t -+⋅+=,即()11ln t t a=+, 设()()()1ln 1h t t t t =+>,则()1ln 1h t t t'=++,显然,当1t >时,()0h t '>,即()h t 在()1,+∞上为增函数,∴()h t 的值域为()()1,h +∞,即()0,+∞,∴当0a >时,方程()*总有解.∴对任意给定的正实数a ,曲线()y F x = 上总存在两点,P Q ,使得POQ ∆是以O (O 为坐标原点)为直角顶点的直角三角形,且此三角形斜边中点在y 轴上.(14分)。

广东省深圳市高级中学2015_2016学年高二历史上学期期末学业水平测试试题

广东省深圳市高级中学2015_2016学年高二历史上学期期末学业水平测试试题

深圳市高级中学2015—2016学年第一学期期末学业水平测试高二历史试题本试卷共8页,共70小题,满分100分。

考试用时40分钟。

注意事项:1.答卷前,考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名和考生号填写在答题卡上,用2B铅笔将考生号和科目代号填涂在答题卡上。

2.选择题每小题选出答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案;不能答在试卷上。

不按以上要求作答的答案无效。

3.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁,考试结束后,将答题卡交回。

一、单项选择题Ⅰ:本大题共40小题,每小题1分,共40分。

在每小题列出的四个选项中,只有一项符合题目要求。

1.在中国古代历史上,丞相曾经是百官之首。

下列朝代中,废除了丞相的是A.汉代B.唐代C.宋代D.明代2.古代雅典可能具有公民资格的是A.妇女B.奴隶C.成年男子D.外邦人3.下列国家中,19世纪实行民主共和政体的是A.英国B.日本C.美国D.俄国4.19世纪六七十年代,领导德国完成统一大业的是A.俾斯麦B.华盛顿C.查理一世D.沃波尔5.《中国人民政治协商会议共同纲领》规定中华人民共和国的性质是A.社会主义 B.新民主主义C.三民主义 D.共产主义6.右图所示漫画反映的是A.马歇尔计划的实施B.杜鲁门主义的提出C.布雷顿森林会议的召开D.欧洲联盟的建立7.中国共产党提出的实现国家统一大业的基本方针是A.“百花齐放,百家争鸣”B.“长期共存,互相监督”C.“一个国家,两种制度”D.“和平共处,平等互利”8.21世纪初,中国为推进新型区域合作、促进中亚地区的和平与稳定而采取的重要举措是A.签订《中苏友好同盟互助条约》B.与美国实现外交关系正常化C.加入亚太经济合作组织D.倡导建立上海合作组织9.中国古代“男耕女织”的经济结构中,“织”指的是A.农业 B.官营手工业 C.民族工业 D.家庭手工业10.曾被称为“海上马车夫”的国家是A.西班牙 B.葡萄牙C.荷兰D.英国11.第一次工业革命使人类社会进入了A.汽车时代 B.网络时代C.电气时代D.蒸汽时代12.鸦片战争后,中国传统经济结构逐渐发生变化。

广东省深圳市高级中学15—16学年上学期高二期末学业水平测试历史试卷(附答案)

广东省深圳市高级中学15—16学年上学期高二期末学业水平测试历史试卷(附答案)

深圳市高级中学2015—2016学年第一学期期末学业水平测试高二历史试题本试卷共8页,共70小题,满分100分。

考试用时40分钟。

注意事项:1.答卷前,考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名和考生号填写在答题卡上,用2B铅笔将考生号和科目代号填涂在答题卡上。

2.选择题每小题选出答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案;不能答在试卷上。

不按以上要求作答的答案无效。

3.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁,考试结束后,将答题卡交回。

一、单项选择题Ⅰ:本大题共40小题,每小题1分,共40分。

在每小题列出的四个选项中,只有一项符合题目要求。

1.在中国古代历史上,丞相曾经是百官之首。

下列朝代中,废除了丞相的是A.汉代 B.唐代 C.宋代 D.明代2.古代雅典可能具有公民资格的是A.妇女 B.奴隶 C.成年男子 D.外邦人3.下列国家中,19世纪实行民主共和政体的是A.英国 B.日本 C.美国 D.俄国4.19世纪六七十年代,领导德国完成统一大业的是A.俾斯麦 B.华盛顿 C.查理一世 D.沃波尔5.《中国人民政治协商会议共同纲领》规定中华人民共和国的性质是A.社会主义B.新民主主义C.三民主义D.共产主义6.右图所示漫画反映的是A.马歇尔计划的实施B.杜鲁门主义的提出C.布雷顿森林会议的召开D.欧洲联盟的建立7.中国共产党提出的实现国家统一大业的基本方针是A.“百花齐放,百家争鸣” B.“长期共存,互相监督”C.“一个国家,两种制度” D.“和平共处,平等互利”8.21世纪初,中国为推进新型区域合作、促进中亚地区的和平与稳定而采取的重要举措是A.签订《中苏友好同盟互助条约》 B.与美国实现外交关系正常化C.加入亚太经济合作组织 D.倡导建立上海合作组织9.中国古代“男耕女织”的经济结构中,“织”指的是A.农业B.官营手工业C.民族工业D.家庭手工业10.曾被称为“海上马车夫”的国家是A.西班牙B.葡萄牙 C.荷兰 D.英国11.第一次工业革命使人类社会进入了A.汽车时代B.网络时代 C.电气时代 D.蒸汽时代12.鸦片战争后,中国传统经济结构逐渐发生变化。

广东省深圳市高级中学2015_2016学年高二化学上学期期末学业水平测试试题

广东省深圳市高级中学2015_2016学年高二化学上学期期末学业水平测试试题

2015-2016高二文科学业水平测试化 学 试 卷本试卷共6页,60题,满分100分。

考试用时90分钟。

注意事项:1.答卷前,考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名、考生号、试室号和座位号填写在答题卡上。

用2B 铅笔将试卷类型(A)填涂在答题卡相应位置上。

2.每题选出答案后,用2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑,如需改 动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案,答案不能答在试卷上。

3.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。

考试结束后,将试卷和答题卡一并交回。

可能用到的相对原子质量:H 1 C 12 N 14 O16 Na 23 A1 27 S 32 C1 35.5 K 39 一、单项选择题Ⅰ:本大题共30小题,每小题1分,共30分。

在每小题列出的四个选项中,只有一项最符合题意。

1.下列化学式书写正确的是A .水:H 2OB .氧化钠:Na 2O 2C .一氧化氮:COD .硫酸钾:KSO 42.碘131是碘元素的一种放射性核素。

下列关于13153I 的说法正确的是A .质量数为131B .质子数为78C .核外电子数为78D .中子数为533.用mol•L —1作为单位的物理量是A .长度B .质量C .物质的量D .物质的量浓度 4.P 2O 5中P 元素的化合价为A .+3B .+4C .+5D .+6 5.下列物质属于单质的是A .石墨 B.青铜 D .碳素墨水 6A .质子数为7B .最外层电子数为2C .核外电子数为7D .核外有3个电子层 7.下列气体通入水中,不.能形成电解质溶液的是 A .NH 3 B .O 2 C .HBr D .HCl 8.下列属于物理变化的是A .煤的干馏B .石油的裂解C .煤的气化D .石油的分馏 9.碳元素可以存在于自然界的多种物质中,这些物质肯定不.包括 A .石油 B .石灰石 C .天然气 D .石英砂 10.下列实验操作错误的是A .用药匙取用少量Na 2SO 4固体B .用胶头滴管滴加少量NaCl 溶液C .加热盛有23体积K 2SO 4溶液的试管D .用10mL 量筒量取8mL 1.0 mol•L —1溶液11.鉴别甲烷和氢气两种无色气体的正确方法是A .通入溴水B .点燃后罩上干燥的冷烧杯C .通入澄清石灰水D .点燃后罩上内壁涂有澄清是石灰水的冷烧杯 12.既能使溴水褪色,又能使酸性高锰酸钾溶液褪色的是A.苯 B.乙烯 C.乙醇 D.氯化铁13.工业上合成NH3除了需要N2外,一定还需要A.H2 B.O2 C.CO2 D.CO14.雷雨时,空气中的氮气和氧气可生成氮的氧化物,该氧化物进一步反应后遇水变成A.NO2 B.HNO3 C.H2SO4 D.NH3•H2O15.用98%浓硫酸配制200mL 0.5 mol•L—1的硫酸溶液,一定需要使用的玻璃仪器是① 玻璃棒② 烧杯③ 烧瓶④ 量筒⑤ 容量瓶A.①②③ B.①②④⑤ C.①②③⑤ D.③④⑤16下列反应的离子方程式不正确的是A.铁与稀盐酸反应:2Fe + 6H+=== 2Fe3+ + 3H2↑B.氢氧化钠与盐酸反应:OH— + H+=== H2OC.锌与硫酸铜溶液反应:Zn + Cu2+=== Zn2+ + CuD.氯化钡溶液与稀硫酸反应:Ba2+ + SO42—=== BaSO4↓17.可用于鉴别葡萄糖溶液和淀粉溶液的试剂是A.氨水 B.Na2CO3溶液C.FeCl2溶液 D.新制Cu(OH)2悬浊液18.在某些食品包装盒内常有一小包灰黑色粉末。

广东省深圳市高级中学2015-2016学年高二上学期期末考试英语试卷(无答案)

广东省深圳市高级中学2015-2016学年高二上学期期末考试英语试卷(无答案)

深圳市高级中学2015-2016学年第一学期期末测试高二英语本试卷由二部分组成。

第一部分为高考题型;第二部分为基础知识考查:其中高一年级知识内容占 10 分,本学期知识内容占 5 分。

试卷共10页,五大题,满分135分。

考试用时120分钟。

注意事项:1、答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号、考试科目用铅笔涂写在答题卡上。

2、每小题选出答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动用橡皮擦干净后,再涂其它答案或填写客观题答案。

填写在试题卷上无效。

3、考试结束,监考人员将答题卡按座位号、页码顺序收回。

第一部分高考题型Ⅰ阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

AAlan Turing is known as the father of modern computer science, but he was also a great mathematician, code-breaker(密码破译者), philosopher(哲学家)and war-hero.Turing was born in London on June 23, 1912. He studied mathematics at Cambridge University in the 1930s and after graduating he became a researcher at the university, where he began developing his ideas for what was later called the “Turing Machine”.During World War II Turing joined the army as part of a team responsible for breaking the codes used by the German armies for their communications. Using his knowledge of mathematics and computing principles, Turing constructed a machine which could interpret these mysterious messages, giving the British access to thousands of the German war plans and secrets. Many think it helped shorten the war by several years, saving millions of lives.After the war, Turing returned to developing the design of the “Turing Machine”, the first modern computer. During the 1940s and 1950s most computers were designed for a single purpose.Turing’s revolutionary idea was to build a machine that could do anything, a multi-purpose computer, something that we consider common today. Turing completed his design but his colleagues thought it was too difficult to construct, so the Turing Machine was never built in his lifetime.The method of instructing the computer was the key to Turing’s idea. He described a machine which knew three simple instructions: sequence(序列顺序), selection and repetition. Making the computer perform any task was simply a matter of breaking the task down into steps using a combination of these instructions. This principle remains the basis of almost all computer programming up to this day.T uring also developed what is now known as the “Turing Test” of computer intelligen ce. The test consisted of a person asking questions via keyboard to both a person and an intelligent machine. Turingbelieved that if the person asking the questions could not tell the difference between the machine’s answers and the person after a reasonable amount of time, the machine was somewhat intelligent.Tragically, Turing took his own life in 1954, aged just 41. Many books have been written and several movies made about his life and the annual “Turing Award”, established in 1966 and named in his honour, is considered the Noble Prize of computing.1. Which of the following statements about Turing is true?A. He is actually unknown outside of the computer community.B. He designed and built the first multi-purpose computer.C. His ideas are still considered important in modern computer design.D. He developed the “Turing Test” while still a student at Cambridge.2. What was the purpose of the Turing Test?A. To determine if computers were intelligent.B. To compare the abilities of men and machines.C. To judge the performance of multi-purpose computers.D. To measure the IQ of machines.3. Where can Turing’s influence on computing be most clearly seen today?A. In the evaluation of computer performance.B. In the method of computer programming.C. In the functionality of computer systems.D. In the process of system design.BA recent international survey found that around 75% of the wor ld’s best universities, such as MIT, Harvard and Princeton are in the US.But while US universities are very good at producing research and raising money, they aren’t so good at supplying the needs of the US high-skill labour market so America relies on educated talent from elsewhere. Take the example of medical education. The US simply does not train enough doctors to meet its needs. Each year many more doctors retire than graduate from its medical schools and the US robs the world to make up the difference.25% of doctors working in the US received their training elsewhere. That is close to 200,000 doctors educated abroad. Around 5,000 were trained in Africa, mainly Ghana, Nigeria and South Africa, but also elsewhere. In 2002, there were 47 Liberian-trained doctors working in the US, and just 72 working in Liberia. The poorest always lose out.In most countries, especially in the developing world, doctors are trained at public expense. If a doctor from Ghana is taken to the US, not only does that country lose its doctor, it loses the money paid for the training. That means the world’s poorest people are paying for the health care of the world’s richest people.Why can’t the US supply its own needs? After all, doctors in the US are not exactly badly paid. But training is long, difficult, and, of course, expensive. A newly trained doctor graduates with about $200,000 of debt. Unlike lawyers and bankers, of which there are no American shortages, doctors lack the opportunities toearn huge salaries immediately and pay it all back.Also, there is no central government planning for university education in America, making it more difficult to create new medical colleges.So while we look with envy at the wealth and achievements of the top American universities, we should bear in mind that not all is as good as it seems. In fact, it may be that the weakness of the US higher education system is contributing to the health and development crisis in some of the world’s poorest regions.4. What is the passage mainly about?A. The high standards of universities in the United States.B. The quality of doctors produced by American universities.C. Medical training provided only at American Universities.D. The quantity of doctors produced by American universities.5. Why does the author think getting doctors from Africa is not good?A. Their education level is not as good as American trained doctors.B. The cost of bringing them to America is more than training local doctors.C. It takes valuable skills away from some of the w orld’s poorest countries.D. The African doctors are poorly paid compared to the American doctors.6. Which is NOT a reason given for the lack of locally trained doctors in America?A. Doctors salaries are not very high in America.B. People can earn big money more quickly in other professions.C. It is difficult to create new medical schools in America.D. Training is long and very expensive.7. The underlined word “it” in Paragraph 4 refers to ________.A. the developing worldB. the US university systemC. the country of GhanaD. the countrysideCBritain’s most popular lie has been discovered, with one in four people admitting using“Sorry I had no signal” when returning a missed mobile pho ne call, a survey found.According to a recent survey people usually use this little white lie after they hit the “ignore” button when their mobile rang. The second most common fib(小谎) is “I haven’t got any cash on me” when asked for money by beggars. Modern technology is a major excuse in many of our lies with “I didn’t get your text” in 18th, “Our server was down” in 20th and “My battery died” in 26th place.Researchers found the average Briton tells on average four lies every day or almost 1500 every year. One in three Britons have lied about their weight, a quarter have fibbed about the amount of debt they are in and 30 percent have bent the truth about the amount of exercise they do.Almost a quarter of men have told their wife or girlfriend they look good in an outfit (一套服装), despite thinking the opposite. More than 40 percent of women have admitted lying about how much new clothes actually cost while 30 percent have fibbed about how much they’ve had to drink.Three quarters of people think women are better liars. The research found 46 per cent of girls have beencaught lying, compared to 58 of men. Men tell the most fibs, coming out with five every day compared to women who lie just three times.A spokesman for one poll, which carried out the research of 4,300 adults, sa id, “As a nation we are obsessed with trying to be nice and not upsetting people. Often little white lies are used to cover what we actually want to say.”“Most of these were considered either completely harmless or necessary depending on the situation in which they are delivered.” He added, “It was sad to see a string of compliments(赞美)in the top 50, but once again in many cases perhaps it is better to compliment with a lie than destroy someone with the truth.”8. What is the best title for the passage?A. British people like to lieB. The most popular British liesC. The reasons British people lieD. Technology makes us lie9. According to the research, what do women most frequently lie about?A. Their weight.B. The amount of their debt.C. Their drinking habits.D. The cost of their clothing.10. The underlined phrase “obsessed with” is closest in meaning to ________.A. very concerned withB. surprised aboutC. not interested inD. opposed to11. Why do people usually lie according to the one poll?A. To prevent argument with their partners.B. To avoid hurting others.C. To avoid speaking with others on the phone.D. To destroy others.DProfessional footballers in the USA can make millions of dollars throughout their careers. Yet statistics show that many eventually run out of money once their playing days are over. The University of Pennsylvania wants to change that and help teach American footballers how to rebuild their lives when their sports careers come to an end.“All their life they have focused on football. Deciding what comes next can be difficult,” says Professor Morvarid Taheripour, the head of the athletes’project. “Some people say athletes die two deaths. You kind of die w hen you stop playing and you die in real life. So they’ve got to come back to life and figure out ‘How am I going to make a living at 25 for maybe another 40 years?”For Taheripour, the partnership with professional athletes is a dream to come true. “It wa s taking everything I love about teaching and yet being able to influence people who are talented and hard-working, yet very modest.”But even with help, figuring out the next chapter isn’t easy. Statistics show that 78 percent of professional football players are penniless, divorced or unemployed two years after retiring from their sport. The program tries to help players develop a plan for life after sport and 220 athletes have taken part over the past six years.Darwin Walker is one former student who avoided being a statistic. Today, he runs a number of successful businesses and thanks football for his accomplishments. “The concepts I learned about leadership have all come from playing the game of football,”says Walker. “The amount of study, amount of commitment, andtime that you have to put into it is very much like being a successful business person.”Shifting the skills learned on the field to the workplace seems natural to some, but the numbers show that’s not the case for everyone. Taheripour’s mes sage to his students is a serious one: This is the time to build for the future, he tells them, because no matter how long your athletic career lasts, you are so much more than just an athlete.12. By saying “athletes die two deaths”, the author means ________.A. athletes have a sports life and a real lifeB. athletes suffer too many failures in their lifeC. being an athlete contributes little to lifeD. athletes’ later life can be easily rebuilt13. Why is it difficult for professional athletes to decide what comes next?A. They might have not thought of this during their playing days.B. They have no idea whether to leave the game or not.C. They think as athletes they can make more money.D. They’re not willing to accept a new career.14. What does the last paragraph imply?A. The longer an athlete’s career lasts, the more respect he receives.B. An athlete should end his career earlier to build his new life.C. An athlete should think about more than his athletic career.D. An athlete’s sports career couldn’t last long.15. The purpose of the passage is to ________.A. teach athletes how to manage their moneyB. show readers how to make a livingC. ask athletes to finish their sports career earlierD. introduce a project helping retired athletes第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

广东省深圳市高级中学2015-2016学年高二上学期期末学业水平测试地理试卷

广东省深圳市高级中学2015-2016学年高二上学期期末学业水平测试地理试卷

高级中学2015-2016学年第一学期期末学业水平测试高二地理本试卷由三部分组成。

单项择选题Ⅰ(50题,每题1分,共50分),单项选择题Ⅱ(10题,每题2分,共20分),双项选择题(10题,每题3分,共30分)。

全卷共计100分。

考试时间为90分钟。

注意事项:1、答题前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号、考试科目用铅笔涂写在答题卡上。

2、每小题选出答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动用橡皮擦干净后,再涂其它答案,不能答在试题卷上。

3、考试结束,监考人员将本试卷和答题卡一并收回。

一、单选题Ⅰ(每题1分,共50分)1.湿地被人们称为“地球之肾”,主要是因为它有哪些功能()①提供水源②调节气候③涵养水源④调蓄洪水⑤美化环境⑥净化水质⑦保护生物多样性A.①②③④⑥⑦B.①②③④⑤⑥⑦C.①②③④⑤⑦D.①③④⑤⑥⑦非洲的刚果盆地是地球上热带雨林的三大分布区之一,目前该地雨林遭受到了史无前例的破坏,研究人员开展的研究显示:到2050年,森林砍伐可能导致刚果盆地气温上升0.7℃,将使温室气体造成的变暖加剧50%。

据此回答2~4题。

2.刚果河流域雨林大面积被毁的根本原因是( )A.历史遗留的迁移农业 B.发达国家需要大量木材C.人口快速增长和生活贫困 D.热带雨林的土壤贫瘠3.近年来,对该区域的热带雨林进行大规模开发所产生的不利影响有( )①生物多样性减少②全球温室气体浓度上升,气候变暖③地下水位上升④水土流失加剧,河流泥沙含量大⑤土地盐碱化、荒漠化加剧A.①②③ B.②④⑤ C.①②④ D.①③⑤4.地处刚果盆地的国家为保护这一片原始森林采取的措施,正确的是( )①加强雨林管理和保护,建立自然保护区②森林选择性采伐与更新造林相结合③加强环境教育,提高公民环保意识④为摆脱贫困,只砍伐名贵木材⑤加强法律法规建设,严禁砍伐树木A.①②③④⑤ B.①②③④C.①②④⑤ D.①②③热带雨林是指阴凉、潮湿多雨、高温、结构层次不明显、层外植物丰富的乔木植物群落,具有独特的外貌和结构特征。

广东省深圳市高级中学高二英语上学期期末考试试题(无

广东省深圳市高级中学高二英语上学期期末考试试题(无

深圳市高级中学2015-2016学年第一学期期末测试高二英语本试卷由二部分组成。

第一部分为高考题型;第二部分为基础知识考查:其中高一年级知识内容占 10 分,本学期知识内容占 5 分。

试卷共10页,五大题,满分135分。

考试用时120分钟。

注意事项:1、答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号、考试科目用铅笔涂写在答题卡上。

2、每小题选出答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动用橡皮擦干净后,再涂其它答案或填写客观题答案。

填写在试题卷上无效。

3、考试结束,监考人员将答题卡按座位号、页码顺序收回。

第一部分高考题型Ⅰ阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

AAlan Turing is known as the father of modern computer science, but he was also a great mathematician, code-breaker(密码破译者), philosopher(哲学家)and war-hero.Turing was born in London on June 23, 1912. He studied mathematics at Cambridge University in the 1930s and after graduating he became a researcher at the university, where he began developing his ideas for what was later called the “Turing Machine”.During World War II Turing joined the army as part of a team responsible for breaking the codes used by the German armies for their communications. Using his knowledge of mathematics and computing principles, Turing constructed a machine which could interpret these mysterious messages, giving the British access to thousands of the German war plans and secrets. Many think it helped shorten the war by several years, saving millions of lives.After the war, Turing returned to developing the design of the “Turing Machine”, the first modern computer. During the 1940s and 1950s most computers were designed for a single purpose.Turing’s revolutionary idea was to build a machine that could do anything, a multi-purpose computer, something that we consider common today. Turing completed his design but his colleagues thought it was too difficult to construct, so the Turing Machine was never built in his lifetime.The method of instructing the computer was the key to Turing’s idea. Hedescribed a machine which knew three simple instructions: sequence(序列顺序), selection and repetition. Making the computer perform any task was simply a matter of breaking the task down into steps using a combination of these instructions. This principle remains the basis of almost all computer programming up to this day.Turing also developed what is now known as the “Turing Test” of computer intelligence. The test consisted of a person asking questions via keyboard to both a person and an intelligent machine. Turing believed that if the person asking the questions could not tell the difference between the machine’s answers and the person after a reasonable amount of time, the machine was somewhat intelligent.Tragically, Turing took his own life in 1954, aged just 41. Many books have been written and several movies made about his life and the annual “Turing Award”, established in 1966 and named in his honour, is considered the Noble Prize of computing.1. Which of the following statements about Turing is true?A. He is actually unknown outside of the computer community.B. He designed and built the first multi-purpose computer.C. His ideas are still considered important in modern computer design.D. He developed the “Turing Test” while still a student at Cambridge.2. What was the purpose of the Turing Test?A. To determine if computers were intelligent.B. To compare the abilities of men and machines.C. To judge the performance of multi-purpose computers.D. To measure the IQ of machines.3. Where can Turing’s influence on computing be most clearly seen today?A. In the evaluation of computer performance.B. In the method of computer programming.C. In the functionality of computer systems.D. In the process of system design.BA recent internationa l survey found that around 75% of the world’s best universities, such as MIT, Harvard and Princeton are in the US.But while US universities are very good at producing research and raising money, they aren’t so good at supplying the needs of the US high-skill labour market so America relies on educated talent from elsewhere. Take the example of medical education. The US simply does not train enough doctors to meet its needs. Each year many more doctors retire than graduate from its medical schools and the US robs the world to make up the difference.25% of doctors working in the US received their training elsewhere. That isclose to 200,000 doctors educated abroad. Around 5,000 were trained in Africa, mainly Ghana, Nigeria and South A frica, but also elsewhere. In 2002, there were 47 Liberian-trained doctors working in the US, and just 72 working in Liberia. The poorest always lose out.In most countries, especially in the developing world, doctors are trained at public expense. If a doctor from Ghana is taken to the US, not only does that country lose its doctor, it loses the money paid for the training. That means the world’s poorest people are paying for the health care of the world’s richest people.Why can’t the US supply its own needs? After all, docto rs in the US are not exactly badly paid. But training is long, difficult, and, of course, expensive. A newly trained doctor graduates with about $200,000 of debt. Unlike lawyers and bankers, of which there are no American shortages, doctors lack the opportunities to earn huge salaries immediately and pay it all back.Also, there is no central government planning for university education in America, making it more difficult to create new medical colleges.So while we look with envy at the wealth and achievements of the top American universities, we should bear in mind that not all is as good as it seems. In fact, it may be that the weakness of the US higher education system is contributing to the health and development crisis in some of the world’s poorest r egions.4. What is the passage mainly about?A. The high standards of universities in the United States.B. The quality of doctors produced by American universities.C. Medical training provided only at American Universities.D. The quantity of doctors produced by American universities.5. Why does the author think getting doctors from Africa is not good?A. Their education level is not as good as American trained doctors.B. The cost of bringing them to America is more than training local doctors.C. It t akes valuable skills away from some of the world’s poorest countries.D. The African doctors are poorly paid compared to the American doctors.6. Which is NOT a reason given for the lack of locally trained doctors in America?A. Doctors salaries are not very high in America.B. People can earn big money more quickly in other professions.C. It is difficult to create new medical schools in America.D. Training is long and very expensive.7. The underlined word “it” in Paragraph 4 refers to ________.A. the developing worldB. the US university systemC. the country of GhanaD. the countrysideCBritain’s most popular lie has been discovered, with one in four people admitting using “Sorry I had no signal” when returning a missed mobile phone call, a survey found.According to a recent survey people usually use this little white lie after they hit the “ignore” button when their mobile rang. The second most common fib (小谎) is “I haven’t got any cash on me” when asked for money by beggars. Modern technology is a major ex cuse in many of our lies with “I didn’t get your text” in 18th, “Our server was down” in 20th and “My battery died” in 26th place.Researchers found the average Briton tells on average four lies every day or almost 1500 every year. One in three Britons have lied about their weight, a quarter have fibbed about the amount of debt they are in and 30 percent have bent the truth about the amount of exercise they do.Almost a quarter of men have told their wife or girlfriend they look good in an outfit (一套服装), despite thinking the opposite. More than 40 percent of women have admitted lying about how much new clothes actually cost while 30 percent have fibbed about how much they’ve had to drink.Three quarters of people think women are better liars. The research found 46 per cent of girls have been caught lying, compared to 58 of men. Men tell the most fibs, coming out with five every day compared to women who lie just three times.A spokesman for one poll, which carried out the research of 4,300 adults, said, “As a nation we are obsessed with trying to be nice and not upsetting people. Often little white lies are used to cover what we actually want to say.”“Most of these were considered either completely harmless or necessary depending on the situation in which they are delivered.” He added, “It was sad to see a string of compliments(赞美) in the top 50, but once again in many cases perhaps it is better to compliment with a lie than destroy someone with the truth.”8. What is the best title for the passage?A. British people like to lieB. The most popular British liesC. The reasons British people lieD. Technology makes us lie9. According to the research, what do women most frequently lie about?A. Their weight.B. The amount of their debt.C. Their drinking habits.D. The cost of their clothing.10. The underlined phrase “obsessed with” is closest in meaning to ________.A. very concerned withB. surprised aboutC. not interested inD. opposed to11. Why do people usually lie according to the one poll?A. To prevent argument with their partners.B. To avoid hurting others.C. To avoid speaking with others on the phone.D. To destroy others.DProfessional footballers in the USA can make millions of dollars throughout their careers. Yet statistics show that many eventually run out of money once their playing days are over. The University of Pennsylvania wants to change that and help teach American footballers how to rebuild their lives when their sports careers come to an end.“All their life they have focused on football. Deciding what comes next can be difficult,” says P rofessor Morvarid Taheripour, the head of the athletes’project. “Some people say athletes die two deaths. You kind of die w hen you stop playing and you die in real life. So they’ve got to come back to life and figure out ‘How am I going to make a living at 25 for maybe a nother 40 years?”For Taheripour, the partnership with professional athletes is a dream to come true. “It w as taking everything I love about teaching and yet being able to influence people who are talented and hard-working, yet very modest.”But even with help, figuring out the next chapter isn’t easy. Statistics show that 78 percent of professional football players are penniless, divorced or unemployed two years after retiring from their sport. The program tries to help players develop a plan for life after sport and 220 athletes have taken part over the past six years.Darwin Walker is one former student who avoided being a statistic. Today, he runs a number of successful businesses and thanks football for his accomplishments. “The concepts I learned about leadership have all come from playing the game of football,”says Walker. “The amount of study, amount of commitment, and time that you have to put into it is very much like being a successful business person.”Shifting the skills learned on the field to the workplace seems natural to some, but the numbers show that’s not the case for everyone. Taheripour’s me ssage to hi s students is a serious one: This is the time to build for the future, he tells them, because no matter how long your athletic career lasts, you are so much more than just an athlete.12. By saying “athletes die two deaths”, the author means ________.A. athlete s have a sports life and a real lifeB. athletes suffer too many failures in their lifeC. being an athlete contributes little to lifeD. athletes’ later life can be easily rebuilt13. Why is it difficult for professional athletes to decide what comes next?A. They might have not thought of this during their playing days.B. They have no idea whether to leave the game or not.C. They think as athletes they can make more money.D. They’re not willing to accept a new career.14. What does the last paragraph imply?A. The longer an athlete’s career lasts, the more respect he receives.B. An athlete should end his career earlier to build his new life.C. An athle te should think about more than his athletic career.D. An athlete’s sports career couldn’t last long.15. The purpose of the passage is to ________.A. teach athletes how to manage their moneyB. show readers how to make a livingC. ask athletes to finish their sports career earlierD. introduce a project helping retired athletes第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

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1.若用玉米为实验材料,验证孟德尔分离定律,下列因素对得出正确实验结论,影响最小的是()A.所选实验材料是否为纯合子B.所选相对性状的显隐性是否易于区分C.所选相对性状是否受一对等位基因控制D.是否严格遵守实验操作流程和统计分析方法【答案】A【考点定位】孟德尔遗传实验;对分离现象的解释和验证【名师点睛】孟德尔分离定律的实质是杂合子在减数分裂时,位于一对同源染色体上的一对等位基因分离,进入不同的配子中去,独立地遗传给后代。

2.大鼠的毛色由独立遗传的两对等位基因控制。

用黄色大鼠与黑色大鼠进行杂交实验,结果如下图。

据图判断,下列叙述正确的是()A. 黄色为显性性状,黑色为隐性性状B. F1与黄色亲本杂交,后代有两种表现型C. F1 和F2中灰色大鼠均为杂合体D. F2黑色大鼠与米色大鼠杂交,其后代中出现米色大鼠的概率为1/4【答案】B【考点定位】基因的自由组合规律的实质及应用【名师点睛】根据题意和图示分析可知:大鼠的毛色由独立遗传的两对等位基因控制(用A和a、B和b表示)。

F1灰色自交后代为灰色:黄色:黑色:米色=9:3:3:1,说明F1的基因型为AaBb,灰色的基因型为AB ,黄色的基因型为A bb(或aaB ),黑色的基因型为aaB (或A bb),米色的基因型为aabb.假设黄色的基因型为A bb,黑色的基因型为aaB ,则亲本的基因型为AAbb(黄色)×aaBB(黑色)。

3.右图为某生物一个细胞的分裂图像,着丝点均在染色体端部,图中1、2、3、4 各表示一条染色体。

下列表述正确的是()A. 图中细胞处于减数第二次分裂前期B. 图中细胞的染色体数是体细胞的2 倍C. 染色体1 与2 在后续的分裂过程中会相互分离D. 染色体1 与3 必定会出现在同一子细胞中【答案】C【解析】由图可知该细胞有联会现象,应该处于减数第一次分裂前期,A错误;此时细胞中染色体数和体细胞中染色体数目相同,B错误;染色体1和2是同源染色体,在后期分离中会相互分离,C正确;减数第一次分裂后期,非同源染色体自由组合,所以染色体1和3或1和4会在同一个子细胞中,D错误。

【考点定位】细胞有丝分裂不同时期的特点;细胞的减数分裂4.右图表示雄果蝇进行某种细胞分裂时,处于四个不同阶段的细胞(Ⅰ-Ⅳ)中遗传物质或其载体(①-③)的数量。

下列表述与图中信息相符的是()A.Ⅱ所处阶段发生基因自由组合B.Ⅲ代表初级精母细胞C.②代表染色体D.Ⅰ-Ⅳ中的数量比是2:4:4:1【答案】A【考点定位】减数分裂过程中染色体和DNA的规律性变化【名师点睛】本题分析图解为关键,要通过图中相关数量的变化判断细胞分裂类型和①-③代表的结构或物质。

根据图示分裂结果可以看出,该分裂为减数分裂,因此可以判断①是染色体,②是染色单体,③是DNA。

图中Ⅰ可以表示减数第一次分裂前的间期或减数第二次分裂后期,Ⅱ可乙表示减数第一次分裂,Ⅲ可表示减数第二次分裂的前期和中期,Ⅳ表示减数分裂结束产生的生殖细胞。

5.抗维生素D佝偻病为X染色体显性遗传病,短指为常染色体显性遗传病,红绿色盲为X染色体隐性遗传病,白化病为常染色体隐性遗传病。

下列关于这四种遗传病特征的叙述,正确的是()A.短指的发病率男性高于女性B.红绿色盲女性患者的父亲是该病的患者C.抗维生素D佝偻病的发病率男性高于女性D.白化病通常会在一个家系的几代人中连续出现【答案】B【解析】多指是常染色体显性遗传病,与性别无关,A错误;血友病是X染色体隐性遗传病,女患者的父亲是患者,B正确;抗维生素D佝偻病是X染色体显性遗传病,女患者多于男患者,C错误;白化病是常染色体隐性遗传病,往往表现为隔代遗传,D错误。

【考点定位】人类遗传病的类型及危害【名师点睛】X染色体的新显性遗传病的特点是女患者多于男患者,男患者的母亲和女儿都是患者;X 染色体隐性遗传病的特点是男患者多于女患者,女患者的父亲和儿子都是患者;常染色体隐性遗传病与性别无关,往往表现为隔代遗传;常染色体显性遗传病与性别无关,往往表现为世代具有连续性。

6.在生命科学发展过程中,证明DNA是遗传物质的实验是()①孟德尔的豌豆杂交实验②摩尔根的果蝇杂交实验③肺炎双球转化实验④T2噬菌体侵染大肠杆菌实验⑤DNA的X光衍射实验A.①② B.②③ C.③④ D.④⑤【答案】C【考点定位】人类对遗传物质的探究历程【名师点睛】证明DNA是遗传物质的实验是肺炎双球菌的转化实验和T2噬菌体侵染细菌的实验;共同点是设法将DNA和蛋白质分离,单独的、直接的观察各自的作用。

7.甲(ATGG)是一种单链DNA片段,乙是该片段的转录产物,丙(A-P~P~P)是转录过程中的一种底物。

下列叙述错误的是()A.甲、乙、丙的组分中均有糖B.甲乙共由6种核苷酸组成C.丙可作为细胞内的直接能源物质D.乙的水解产物中含有丙【答案】D【解析】甲表示DNA片段,含脱氧核糖,乙表示信使RNA,含有核糖,ATP中A表示腺苷,含核糖,故A正确;甲中含三种脱氧核苷酸,乙中含三种核糖核苷酸,故B正确;丙是ATP,属于直接能源物质,水解能提供能量,故C正确;丙是ATP,其结构水解脱去两个磷酸基团后为腺嘌呤核糖核苷酸,是RNA 的基本组成单位,但ATP不是乙的水解产物之一,故D错误。

【考点定位】遗传信息的转录和翻译;ATP在生命活动中的作用和意义【名师点睛】解答本题时需关注以下两点:1、DNA的基本组成单位是四种脱氧核苷酸,RNA的基本组成单位是四种核糖核苷酸。

2、ATP由1分子腺苷和3个磷酸基团构成。

8.人或动物PrP基因编码一种蛋白(PrP c),该蛋白无致病性。

PrP c的空间结构改变后成为PrP sc(朊粒),就具有了致病性。

PrP sc可以诱导更多的PrP c转变为PrP sc,实现朊粒的增殖,可以引起疯牛病。

据此判断,下列叙述正确的是()A.朊粒侵入机体后可整合到宿主的基因组中B.朊粒的增殖方式与肺炎双球菌的增殖方式相同C.蛋白质空间结构的改变可以使其功能发生变化D. PrP c转变为PrP SC的过程属于遗传信息的翻译过程【答案】C【考点定位】遗传信息的转录和翻译【名师点睛】据题意可知:疯牛病的原因是蛋白质的增殖,不同于其他病毒的增殖方式,是蛋白质诱导的蛋白质增殖,不属于翻译过程。

9.研究发现,人类免疫缺陷病毒( HIV) 携带的RNA在宿主细胞内不能直接作为合成蛋白质的模板。

依据中心法则(下图),下列相关叙述错误..的是()A.合成子代病毒蛋白质外壳的完整过程至少要经过④②③环节B.侵染细胞时,病毒中的蛋白质不会进入宿主细胞C.通过④形成的DNA可以整合到宿主细胞的染色体DNA上D.科学家可以研发特异性抑制逆转录酶的药物来治疗艾滋病【答案】B【考点定位】中心法则及其发展【名师点睛】1、据图分析,①表示DNA的自我复制,②表示转录,③表示翻译,④表示逆转录。

2、HIV的遗传物质RNA,经逆转录形成的DNA可整合到患者细胞的基因组中,再通过病毒DNA的复制、转录和翻译,每个被感染的细胞就成为生产出大量的HIV,然后由被感染的细胞裂解释放出出来。

10.下列关于人类猫叫综合征的叙述,正确的是()A.该病是由于特定的染色体片段缺失造成的B.该病是由于特定染色体的数目增加造成的C.该病是由于染色体组数目成倍增加造成的D.该病是由于染色体中增加某一片段引起的【答案】A【解析】人类猫叫综合征是人类的第5号染色体片段缺失导致。

【考点定位】染色体结构变异的基本类型【名师点睛】当染色体的数目发生改变时(缺少,增多)或者染色体的结构发生改变时,遗传信息就随之改变,带来的就是生物体的后代性状的改变,这就是染色体变异。

它是可遗传变异的一种。

根据产生变异的原因,它可以分为结构变异和数量变异两大类。

其中染色体结构的变异主要有缺失、重复、倒位、易位四种类型。

11.下图为某种单基因常染色体隐性遗传病的系谱图(深色代表的个体是该遗传病患者,其余为表现型正常个体)。

近亲结婚时该遗传病发病率较高,假定图中第Ⅳ代的两个个体婚配生出一个患该遗传病子代的概率是1/48,那么,得出此概率值需要的限定条件是()A.Ⅰ-2和Ⅰ-4必须是纯合子B.Ⅱ-1、Ⅲ-1和Ⅲ-4必须是纯合子C.Ⅱ-2、Ⅱ-3、Ⅲ-2和Ⅲ-3必须是杂合子D.Ⅱ-4、Ⅱ-5、Ⅳ-1和Ⅳ-2必须是杂合子【答案】B【考点定位】常见的人类遗传病12.下图是高产糖化酶菌株的育种过程,有关叙述错误..的是()A.通过上图筛选过程获得的高产菌株未必能作为生产菌株B.X射线处理既可以引起基因突变也可能导致染色体变异C.上图筛选高产菌株的过程是定向选择过程D.每轮诱变相关基因的突变率都会明显提高【答案】D【解析】由于基因突变是不定向的,且获得的个体可能是杂合体,所以通过图中筛选过程获得的高产菌株未必能作为生产菌株,故A选项正确;X射线处理既可以引起基因突变也可能导致染色体变异,故B选项正确;由于人工选择具有目的性,所以图中筛选高产菌株的过程是定向选择过程,故C选项正确;由于基因突变是不定向的,低频率的,所以诱变能提高基因的突变率,但不一定都是诱变相关基因的突变率提高,故D选项错误。

【考点定位】诱变育种13.芥酸会降低菜籽油的品质。

油菜有两对独立遗传的等位基因(H和h,G和g)控制菜籽的芥酸含量。

下图是获得低芥酸油菜新品种(HHGG)的技术路线,已知油菜单个花药由花药壁(2n)及大量花粉(n)等组分组成,这些组分的细胞都具有全能性。

据图分析,下列叙述错误的是()A.①、②两过程均需要植物激素来诱导细胞分化B.与④过程相比,③过程可能会产生二倍体再生植株C.图中三种途径中,利用花粉培养筛选低芥酸油菜新品种(HHGG)的效率最高D.F1减数分裂时,H基因所在染色体会与G基因所在染色体发生联会【答案】D【考点定位】杂交育种;细胞的减数分裂;植物培养的条件及过程;单倍体诱导与利用【名师点睛】分析题图:①③或②④表示花药离体培养过程,属于单倍体育种过程,其原理是染色体变异。

①、②表示脱分化过程;③、④表示再分化过程,形成的是单倍体幼苗;再人工诱导染色体数目加倍,筛选得到人们所需的低芥酸油菜新品种(HHGG)。

14.某动物种群中,AA,Aa和aa基因型的个体依次占25%、50%、25%。

若该种群中的aa个体没有繁殖能力,其他个体间可以随机交配,理论上,下一代AA:Aa:aa基因型个体的数量比为()A.3:3:1 B.4:4:1 C.1:2:0 D.1:2:1【答案】B【解析】AA,Aa和aa基因型的个体依次占25%、50%、25%.若该种群中的aa个体没有繁殖能力,则具有繁殖能力的个体中,AA占=1/3,Aa占2/3,因此A的基因频率为1/3+2/3×1/2=2/3,a的基因频率为1/3,根据遗传平衡定律,其他个体间可以随机交配,后代中AA的频率=2/3×2/3=4/9,Aa的频率=2×1/3×2/3=4/9,aa的频率为1/3×1/3=1/9,因此AA:Aa:aa=4:4:1。

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