【培优辅差巩固卷】2018-2019学年上学期高二英语学科培优辅差巩固卷(1)(内容：必修5 Unit 1 )

2018-2019学年上学期高二英语学科培优辅差巩固卷（1）
内容：必修5 Unit 1 Great scientists
单词、短语
一、【a】单词拼写
1.___________ n. 特征；特性
2.___________ n. 画家；油漆匠
3.___________ vt. 分析
4.__________ vt/n. 打败；战胜；失败
5.___________ n. 专家；行家
6.___________ 照顾；护理；出席；参加
7.___________ vt. 暴露；揭露；使曝光
8.___________ n./ vt. 治愈；痊愈
9.___________ vt/n. 怀疑/疑犯
10.________adj.严重的；剧烈的；严厉的
11.___________vt. 预见；预知12.___________ vt. 责备；谴责
13.___________ vt. 处理；操纵
14.___________ vt. & n. 连接；联系
15.___________ vt. 命令；指示；教导
16._________ adj.积极的；肯定的；确实
17.___________ n. 移动；运动；动作
18._______vi.& vt.(使)旋转；/纺（线或
纱）
19.___________ vt. 拒绝；不接受；抛弃
20.___________ n. 宇宙；世界
二、【b】词汇拓展
21.science(n.)科学——__________(a.)科学的—___________ n.科学家
22.___________(n.)污染——pollute(v.) ——___________ a.（污染的）
23.____________ (n.)宣布—announce(v.) 宣布___________ n.播音员；
24.____________ (n.)命令；指导—instruct (v.)—____________ (a.)具有指导性的
25.value (n.) 价值；——value 珍惜；看重——____________ (a.)有价值的
26.____________ (n.) 暴露；裸露—expose(v.) 使暴露；裸露—____________ (a.)
27.contribute v.捐献；贡献；捐助 ____________ n.贡献
28.enthusiastic adj.热情的；热心的 ____________ n.热情；热心
29.conclusion (n.) 结论——____________ (V.)推断出
30.construction(n.)建设——____________ (v.)建造
31.puzzle(n.&v.) 难题；迷——____________ (a.)困惑的____________(a.)令人困惑的
32.contribute v.捐献；贡献；捐助—____________ n.贡献
33.reject vt.拒绝；不接受；抛弃 ___________ n.拒绝；抑制；驳回
34.challenge n.挑战 vt.向…挑战 ___________ adj.挑战的；具有挑战性的
35.absorb vt.吸收；吸引；使专心 ___________ adj.被吸收的；全神贯注的
三、【c】短语填空
36._________________在…控制下
37._________________专心
38._________________应该受责备
39._________________因某事责备某人
40._________________也，另外，此外
41._________________因…而死亡（内因）
42._______________因…而死亡（外因）
43._________________导致，通向
44._________________导致，有助于45._________________对…热情
46._________________对…好奇
47._________________治好某人…病
48._________________态度，观点，看法
49._________________ 决定做某事
50._________________ 标记
51._________________调查
52._________________阻止….
53._________________ 只有
三、完成句子。

【c】用适当的介词或副词填空
1．The quarrel led ________the fighting between the two villagers.
2．He is always positive _______trying new ideas.
3．His father is very strict _____him and _____his studies too.
4．We should base our theory _______facts.
5．The photo calls up the memory of his childhood _____times.
6. What conclusion do you draw________the research?
7. When I opened the door，I found my father sitting in his chair，completely
absorbed_____the newspaper.
8. Jenny has been attending _______ her sick mother for many years.
【b】根据所给词的适当形式填空
1. Our school, ________(found)in 1955 will celebrate her 60th anniversary this October. 2．As we joined the big crowd, I got________(lose)．
3. The water companies were also instructed not to expose people to_______(pollute)water anymore.
4．The woman liked the water so much that she had had it________(deliver)to her house. 5．John told the_______(astonish)people to remove the handle.
6．The chairman announced the_______news in an_______voice. (excite)
7．There is a red car_______(park) outside the house.
8．We all felt_______(relax)as the work _______(complete)．
9．I have such a_______job that I really felt_______(tire)．
10．The girl looked up with a_______(please)expression.
【a】用方框内短语的适当形式填空。

be exposed to，draw a conclusion，look into，put forward，be absorbed into，be to blame 1．The cream______________the skin easily.
2．The idea you________________at the meeting yesterday is more practical than his. 3．The public want to know who________________for the accident.
4．The doctor examined the patient carefully and then________________.
5．The police promised to________________the accident.
6．It is very dangerous to________________patients with Ebola viruses(埃博拉病毒)without any protection.
四、精讲词汇
【a】1. put forward提出(意见、建议、观点等)；提前；把(时钟)往前拨；推荐，提名
put down放下；镇压；写下put away收拾好；储存put...in force使……生效put...into practice实施，实行put off延期put on穿上；上演；假装
put out扑灭，使熄灭；生产
put up举起；搭建；张贴；留……住宿put up with容忍
put aside把……撇开不理，不考虑
用put短语完成句子。

John Snow ________________ a suggestion that people not be exposed to polluted water.
②Our sports meeting has been _____________ till next month because of the bad weather.
③They ______________ a notice there，saying，“Keep off the grass.”
④The fire was _____________ finally with the help of the firefighters.
⑤How can you _____________ such a rude person for so long a time?
⑥We've ________________________________ by one week.我们已把婚礼提前了一周。

⑦Remember to _____________________________ tonight. 记住今晚把时钟指针往前拨。

⑧Can I ____________________ as our club secretary?
我能推荐/提名你担任我们俱乐部的秘书吗？
【c】2. absorb vt. 吸收; 吸引; 使专心
absorb sb. in/sb. be absorbed in某人全神贯注于
absorb one’s attention吸引某人的注意
【能力提升】一句多译
汤姆专心于工作, 忘记了通知她这件事。

①Tom was _____________________ that he forgot to inform her of it.
②___________________, Tom forgot to inform her of it. (分词短语作状语)
③_____________________________ that he forgot to inform her of it. (含so. . . that. . . 的倒装句)
【b】3. contribute vt. & vi. 捐献; 贡献; 捐助
(1)contribute. . . to. . . 把……贡献给……; 投稿
contribute to 有助于; 导致; 为……撰稿
(2)contribution n. 贡献; 捐助
make a contribution to 对……作贡献
①(2015·全国卷Ⅰ)如果你想给我们报纸投稿, 请在最后期限前把文章发给我。

_____________________________________, please send me your article before the deadline.
②把小事做好有助于增强我们的自信心, 并帮助我们迎接未来更大的挑战。

Doing small things well ____________________________________ and helping us meet bigger challenges in
the future.
五. 重点句型
【b】句型1、A woman，who had moved away from Broad Street，liked the water from the pump so much that she had it delivered to her house every day.
have/get sth done是“have/get＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构，意为“让某事被做，遭遇某事”，做事的主体是“别人”而非主语“自己”
(1)have sb do sth使某人做某事(do sth作宾补，sb与do为主动关系，相当于make/let sb do sth，get sb to do sth)
The teacher had him mend the broken door. 老师让他修理坏了的门。

(2)have sb doing sth常用在否定句中，特别是用在will not，can not等之后，表示“不能容忍某事发生”(doing sth作宾补，sb与do之间为主动关系)
The teacher can't have students whispering in class.这位老师不能容忍学生课堂上窃窃私语。

(3)have...to do有时间(精力/能力/机会等)做某事(have在该结构中并非使役动词，而是“有”的意思)
Do you have time to come here tonight?今晚你有时间来这里吗？
①My father has a farm and has two men ________(work)for him.
②Claire had her luggage ________(check)an hour before her plane left.
③I won't have you ________(cheat)the customers.
④I have some personal affairs ________(deal)with these days.下个月我要装修新房子。

⑥She ________ all her jewellery ________．她所有的首饰都被偷了。

【c】句型2.So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak. 归纳拓展
every time用作连词，引导时间状语从句。

意为“每次……就”，与each time相同
在every/each time等引导的时间状语从句中，如果主句用将来时态，从句则用一般现在时表示将来。

the＋瞬间名词(minute，moment，instant)
可充当连词的名词词组：the＋序数词＋time
不定代词(each，every，any)＋time
the＋day(week，month，year)
①Do not give a dog bread _________ he wags his tail.不要有求必应。

②I found myself in an entirely new world ________ I arrived here.
我一到这里就感到耳目一新。

③He came out of the classroom ______ _ ________．一下课他就离开了教室。

④__________________________，please close the door.下次进来的时候，请把门关上。

⑤I thought her nice and honest ____________________________．
我第一次见到她就认为她是一个诚实的好人。

【a】句型3. The second suggested that people absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals.
suggest表示“表明，暗示，显示”，其后的从句用的是陈述语气；suggest表示“建议”，其后的从句用的是虚拟语气，即从句谓语动词用“should＋do”，should可以省略。

e.g．Jane's pale face suggested that she was ill，and her parents suggested that she(should)have a medical examination.
①My friend suggested that I ________(build)up my confidence.
②All the evidence suggested that Tom ________ (be)to blame.
③He suggested to Tom that he ________(struggle)to overcome his shyness in public，and his expression suggested that he ________(agree)．
④My mother ordered that I not ________ (expose) my little sister to strong sunlight.
⑤The evidence suggests single fathers ___________．
这一证据显示，单身父亲比单身母亲更有可能去工作。

⑥The teacher suggested the boy _______________．
老师建议这个男孩应该勇敢地接受挑战。

【c】句型4 Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense (only if位于句首的倒装句)
1. “only 副词/介词短语/状语从句”位于句首。

如：
Only then did I realize that I was wrong. 只是到了那时我才意识到是我错了。

Only by working hard can you succeed. 只有努力工作你才能成功。

Only when one loses freedom does one know itsvalue. 一个人只有在失去自由后才知道自由的可贵。

注意：若位于句首的不是only+状语，而是only+宾语等，则通常无需倒装(但有时也可以倒装)。

如：
Only a policeman the children saw in the street. 孩子们在街上只看到一个警察。

练习：
1. Only when you realize the importance of foreign languages_____ them well.
A. you can learn
B. can you learn
C. you learned
D. did you learn
2. Only after liberation _____ to be treated as human beings.
A. did they begin
B. they had begun
C. they did begin
D. had they begun
3. Only when _____ in the afternoon _____ able to leave.
A. the match was over; they were
B. was the match over; were they
C. was the match over; they were
D. the match was over; were they
4. Only by practicing a few hours every day___ be able to master the language.
A. you can
B. can you
C. you will
D. will you
5. Only in this way_____expect to get over so many difficulties.
A. we are sure to
B. can we
C. that we can
D. that can we
6. Only when the rain stopped _____ again.
A. the match started
B. does the match start
C. did the match start
D. the match had started
【a】句型5 Neither its cause nor its cure was understood.
(1)neither. . . nor. . . “既不……也不……”, 连接句中两个相同的句子成分。

连接主语时, 谓语动词遵循就近一致原则。

(2)遵循“就近原则”的其他并列连词:
either. . . or. . . 不是……就是……
not only. . . but also. . . 不仅……而且……
not. . . but. . . 不是……而是……
1)_______________________________ knew anythingabout it.
学生们和老师都不知道这件事。

2) This phenomenon is______________________; it is a fact of college life, today and in the past. 这种现象既不好也不坏, 在现在和过去这都是大学生活的一个事实。

语篇
【a】短文填空
根据课文内容，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的适当形式。

John Snow was a famous doctor in London, who was so expert that he 1. ________
(attend)Queen Victoria as her personal physician. But he was famous for 2. ________ (defeat)“King Cholera”.
Cholera was a 3. ________ (dead)disease and neither its cause 4. ________ its cure was understood. John Snow wanted to face the challenge and solve the problem. He suspected that people absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals. So when another severe outbreak hit London, he began his enquiry. He found that many victims 5. ________ (link)to the outbreak were near the water pump, so he had the handle 6. ________ (remove). Soon afterwards the disease slowed down. He drew 7. ________ conclusion that the polluted water was 8. ________ (blame).
The water 9. ________ (company)were instructed not to expose people 10. ________ polluted water any more. Finally “King Cholera”was defeated.
【b】短文改错
根据课文内容, 对下面材料进行修改。

文中共有10处语言错误, 每句中最多有两处。

每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

There was time when the powerful Christian Church believed God had made the world. It was because that reason that the earth was thought to be the centre of the solar system. Copernicus had thought long and hardly about it and tried to find an answer. But, all his mathematical calculations led to the same conclusion what the earth was not the centre of the solar system. When he placed a fixed sun at the centre to the solar system, the movements of the other planets made the sense. The Christian Church rejects his theory. But her theory is now the basis on that all our ideas of the universe are built.
【C】书面表达
根据所给提示, 介绍一下Simon的英语老师是如何帮助他学习英语的。

1. 非常严厉, 经常提问问题; (strict; put forward)
2. 建议多阅读课文; （suggest）
3. 总是鼓励他, 只有永不放弃才能成功。

(only倒装)
注意:
1. 请根据以上要点写一篇60个词左右的短文;
2. 尽量使用本单元知识点;
3. 可适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。

___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________
2018-2019学年上学期高二英语学科培优辅差巩固卷（1）内容：必修5 Unit 1 Great scientists
参考答案
一、单词拼写【a】
characteristic painter analyse defeat expert attend expose cure suspect severe foresee blame handle link instruct positive movement spin reject universe
二、词汇拓展【b】
1.science(n.)科学—scientific(a.)科学的— scientist n.科学家
2.pollution(n.)污染——pollute(v.) —— polluted （污染的）
3.announcement (n.)宣布—announce(v.) 宣布announcer n.播音员；
4.instruction (n.)命令；指导—instruct (v.)— instructive(a.)具有指导性的
5.value (n.) 价值；——value 珍惜；看重—— valuable(a.)有价值的
6.exposure (n.) 暴露；裸露—expose(v.) 使暴露；裸露—exposed(a.)
7.contribute v.捐献；贡献；捐助 contribution n.贡献
8.enthusiastic adj.热情的；热心的 enthusiasm n.热情；热心
9.conclusion (n.) 结论—— conclude(V.)推断出
10.construction(n.)建设——construct(v.)建造
11.enthusiasm(n.) 热情—— enthusiastic(a.) 热情的
12.puzzle(n.&v.) 难题；迷—— puzzled/puzzling(a.)困惑的
13.contribute v.捐献；贡献；捐助 contribution n.贡献
14.reject vt.拒绝；不接受；抛弃 rejection n.拒绝；抑制；驳回
15.challenge n.挑战 vt.向…挑战 challenging adj.挑战的；具有挑战性的
16.absorb vt.吸收；吸引；使专心 absorbed adj.被吸收的；全神贯注的
三、【c】短语填空
1.be/get under control在…控制下
2.be absorbed in专心
3.be to blame应该受责备
4.blame sb. for sth.因某事责备某人
5.in addition也，另外，此外
6.die of因…而死亡（内因）
7.die from因…而死亡（外因）
8.lead to导致，通向
9.contribute to导致，有助于
10.be enthusiastic about对…热情
11.be curious about对…好奇
12.cure sb. of illness治好某人…病
13.point of view态度，观点，看法14.be determined to 决定做某事
15.mark sth. on 标记
16.look into调查
17.prevent…from…阻止….
18.only if 只有
四完成句子
【c】 1_to_ 2_about_3 with_; in/about 4 on 5 at 6 from 7_in__ 8 _to
【b】1. founded 2.lost 3. polluted 4. Delivered
5 astonished
6 exciting;excited
7 parking
8 relaxed; was_completed 9 tiring; tired 10 pleased
【a】1 is_absorbed_into 2 put_forward_ 3 is_to_blame
4 drew_a_conclusion
5 _look_into
6 be_exposed_to
精讲词汇
1. 答案：①put forward ②put off ③put up ④put out
⑤put up with ⑥put the wedding forward 7）put your clocks forward ⑧put you forward
2 答案：so absorbed in his work
Absorbed in his work
So absorbed was Tom in his work
3 答案： If you want to contribute to our newspaper
contributes to building up our confidence
五. 重点句型
【b】句型1答案：①work/to work②checked③cheating
②to deal ⑤have my new house decorated⑥had stolen
【c】句型2答案：①every time/each time ②the moment/the minute ③the moment the class was over ④Next/The next time you come in ⑤the first time I saw her 【a】句型3
答案：①(should)build②was③(should)struggle agreed ④expose⑤are more likely to work than single mothers ⑥should take up a challenge bravely 【c】句型4答案：Baddbc
【a】句型5答案：Neither the students nor the teacher
neither good nor bad
语篇
【a】短文填空
答案：1. attended 2. defeating 3. deadly 4. nor 5. linked
6. removed
7. the
8. to blame
9. companies 10. to
【b】短文改错
答案: 1. 第一句time前加a。

2. 第二句的because→for或because后加of。

3. 第三句的hardly→hard。

4. 第四句的But→However。

5. 第四句的what→that。

6. 第五句的to→of。

7. 第五句made the sense中的the去掉。

8. 第六句的rejects→rejected。

9. 第七句的her→his。

10. 第七句的that→which。

【C】书面表达
【参考范文】
Simon’s English teacher is very strict with him and she often puts forward questions for Simon to answer. Apart from this, she suggests Simon draw conclusions from texts and in this way, Simon absorbs great knowledge from reading. In addition, Simon has his compositions checked and learns from the good articles. Every time Simon wants to give up, she always encourages him not to, because only if he never gives up can he succeed. With the help of the teacher, Simon has made rapid progress.
11。