有机化学专业英语词汇(精)
(完整word版)有机化学专业英语
(完整word版)有机化学专业英语烷基Alkyl [ˈælkil ］芳基aryl ［ˈæril ］甲基methyl [ˈmeθil]亚甲基methylene [ˈmeθili：n ］乙基ethyl [ˈeθil，ˈeθəl]丙基propyl [ˈprəupil］异丙基isopropyl [ˌaisəuˈprəupil]丁基butyl ［ˈbju：til]戊基pentyl [ˈpentil]己基hexyl ［ˈheksil］庚基heptyl ［ˈheptil］辛基octyl [ˈɔktəl]壬基nonyl ［ˈnɔnil］奎基decyl ［’desəl］[di:’s i l]叔丁基tert-butyl异丁基iso-butyl环戊基cyclopentyl [］环己基cyclohexyl ［]甲氧基methoxyl ［’metɒksɪl］乙氧基ethoxyl ［eˈθɔksil］丁氧基butoxyl酰基 acyl ［ˈæsil］甲酰基formyl ［ˈfɔ：mil]乙酰基acetyl ［ˈæsitil]乙烯基vinyl [ˈvaɪnəl］或ethenyl丁烯基butenyl ［ˈbjutənil]己烯基hexenyl庚烯基heptenyl ［ˈheptəˌnil］烯丙基allyl ［ˈælil]乙炔基ethinyl [eˈθainil]或alkynyl硝基nitro [ˈnaitrəu]亚硝基nitroso [naiˈtrəusəu］氨基amino ［əˈmi：nəʊ，ˈæməˌnəʊ］ 二氨基diamino亚氨基imino [ˈiminəu,iˈmi：nəu］重氮基diazo ［daiˈæzəu］苯基phenyl ［ˈfenəl,ˈfi：nəl，ˈfi:nil］ 苄基benzyl ［ˈbenzil］或phenmethyl [ˌfinˈmeθil]苯乙基phenethyl ［fenˈeθəl］乙氧苯基ethoxyphenyl 苯胺基anilino [ˈænili：n]羰基carbonyl [ˈkɑ：bənil］羧基carboxyl [kɑ:ˈbɔksil］联苯基biphenyl [baiˈfenl]甲酰基formyl [ˈfɔ：mil]苯酰，苯甲酰benzoyl ［’benzəʊɪl］脒基guanyl ［il］羟基hydroxyl [haiˈdrɔksil]烷氧基alkoxy [ælˈkɔksi］或alkoxyl group芳基 aryl group二芳基diaryl group ［daiˈæril］吡啶基pyridyl [ˈpiridil］三苯甲基trityl[’traɪtl］二苯甲基benzhydryl [benaɪd’raɪl]氨基甲酰基carbamoyl［kɑ:'bæməɪl］三甲基硅基trimethylsilyl炔丙基propargyl ［prəʊ’pɑ：dʒɪl]丙酮基(乙酰甲基）acetonyl ['æsɪtənɪl]正n，normal异iso邻位ortho—［ˈɔ：θəu］间位meta- ［'mɛtə］对位para—[ˈpɑ:rə］伯Primary [’praimәri]仲Secondary [’sekәndәri]叔Tertiary ［'tә：ʃәri］ tert-季碳quaternary [kwəˈtə：nəri] carbon一，单mono-二di-,双bis ，bi（化学中只有碳酸氢根才用bi，如bicarbonate [baiˈkɑ：bənit]）三tri-，tris四tetra- 四quadric-五penta—五quinque—六hexa—七hepta—七septi八octa-九nona—十deca- ［’dɛkə］十一undeca ，hendeca-十二dodeca-十三trideca-十四tetradeca(完整word版)有机化学专业英语十五pentadeca-十六hexadeca—十七heptadeca-顺式，cis—同，共syn反式trans有机化合物类名Aliphatic compound 脂肪族化合物［]Hydrocarbon 碳氢化合物[ˌhaɪdr əˈkɑ:b ən ］Alkane 烷［］Wax 蜡［]Paraffin wax 石蜡arene 芳烃[]Alkene 烯［］Alkyne 炔［ˈælkain]Acetylide 炔化物[］Active hydrogen compounds 活泼氢化合物acid ［ˈæsid]Carbon acid 碳氢酸Super acid 超酸Diene 双烯[ˈdaii：n］Triene 三烯［ˈtraii:n ］Allene 丙二烯[ˈæli：n］Propylene丙烯［］cumulene 累积多烯[］Enyne 烯炔［eˈni：n]Diyne 二炔Alkyl halide 卤代烷［ˈælkil ˈhælaid］Alcohol 醇［]Homoallylic alcohol 高烯丙醇Ether 醚[ˈi:θə]Ester 酯[ˈestə］Ketone 酮Aldehyde 醛[ˈældihaid]Epoxide 环氧化物［eˈpɔksaid]Sulfone 砜［ˈs ʌlf əun］Sulfoxide 亚砜Sulfonic acid 磺酸Carboxylic acid 羧酸Cellosolve 溶纤剂Crown ether 冠醚Nitro compound 硝基化合物Amine 胺［］Quaternaryammonium compound 季铵化合物［］［］Amine oxide 氧化胺Diazoalkane 重氮烷[daɪ,æzəʊ’ælkeɪn］Mercaptan 硫醇[]Aldehyde hydrate 醛水合物Ketone hydrate 酮水合物Hemiacetal 半缩醛［ˌhemiˈæsitæl］Acetal 缩醛acetal ［化］乙缩醛, 乙缩醛二乙醇［ˈæsitæl] Ketal 缩酮［ˈki ：tæl]thiazole 噻唑［ˈθai əˌzəul]Dithiane 二噻烷[daiˈθai ən]Aminal 缩醛胺；动物imine 亚胺[]Aldimine 醛亚胺Oxime 肟[］nitroso compound 亚硝基化合物aldoxime 醛肟,乙醛肟［ælˈdɔksi:m］Hydrazone 腙［ˈhaidrəˌzəun]Azine 嗪[ˈæzi:n]Semicarbazone 缩氯基脲Cyanohydrin 羟腈, 氰醇［ˌsaiənəuˈhaidrin] Pinacol 频哪醇Enol 烯醇[ˈi:nɔl]Enol ether 烯醇醚Enol ester 烯醇酯［ˈi：nɔl］［ˈest ə] Enamine 烯胺［i ˈn æmin］Ynamine 炔胺Mannich base 曼尼希碱orthoester 原酸酯Acyl halide 酰卤[ˈæsil]Acyl fluoride 酰氟［] Acyl chloride 酰氯Acyl bromide 酰溴Acyl iodide 酰碘［ˈaiədaid］Carbobenzoxy chloride 苄氧甲酰氯Acyl tosylate 酰基对甲苯磺酸酐Ketene 乙烯酮［ˈki：ti:n］Peracid 过酸Perester 过酸酯Acyl peroxide 酰基过氧化物Nitrile 腈[ˈnaitrail](完整word版)有机化学专业英语acetonitrile 乙腈［ˌæsitəuˈnaitril］或met hyl cyanide [ˈsaɪəˌnaɪd]Nitrile oxide 氧化腈Isonitrile 异腈,异氰化物Amide 酰胺［ˈæmaid]Imide 二酰亚胺[ˈimaid]N—bromo compound N—溴化物Hydrazide 酰肼［］Azide 叠氮化物［ˈæzaid，ˈeizid]Acyl azide 酰基叠氮［ˈæsil］［ˈæzaid,ˈe izid]Amidine 脒[ˈæmiˌdi：n］Keto ester 酮酸酯Acyl cyanide 酰腈[ˈæsil］[ˈsaɪəˌnaɪd］Carbon suboxide 二氧化三碳Glycidic acid 环氧丙酸Carbammic acid 氨基甲酸Carbamate 氨基甲酸酯［ˈkɑ:bəmeit]Urea 脲，尿素［］Cyanamide 氨腈［saiˈænəmaid］Carbodiimide 碳二亚胺［,kɑ:bədai'imaid] Allophanate 脲基甲酸酯Thioester 硫代酸酯［ˌθaiəuˈestə］Thiol acid 硫羰酸[ˈθaiəu]Lactone 内酯[ˈlæktəun]Lactol 内半缩醛［ˈlæktəl]Macrolide 大环内酯［ˈmækrəlaid］Amino acid 氨基酸Zwitterion两性离子［ˈtsvitəraiən]Inner salt 内盐Betaine 甜菜碱[ˈbi:təi:n］Lactam 内酰胺[ˈlæktæm］Hydantoin 或glycolylurea 乙内酰脲［haiˈdæntəwin]Hydration水合，水合作用［haɪ'dreʃən] Peptide 肽[ˈpepˌtaɪd］Glycol 乙二醇[]Aldol 羟醛［ˈældəul]Acyloin 偶姻，酮醇［əˈsiləuin]acyloin condensation 酮醇缩合Carbohydrate 碳水化合物Aldose 醛糖[ˈældəus］Ketose 酮糖[ˈki：təus]Furanose 呋喃糖［ˈfjuərəˌnəus]Pyranose 吡喃糖［ˈpaiərənəus]Glycoside 糖苷[ˈɡlaikəˌsaid]Glucoside 葡[萄]糖苷Aglycon 苷元[əˈɡlaikɔn］Saccharide 糖类[ˈsækəraid］Oligosaccharide 寡糖[ˌɔliɡəuˈsækəraid] Polysaccharide 多糖[pɔliˈsækəraid］Alditol 糖醇[ˈælditɔl]Osazone 脎［ˈəusəˌzəun］Alicyclic compound 脂环化合物［æliˈsiklik］Cycloalkane 环烷Cycloalkene 环烯Spirane 螺烷[ˈspaiərein]Cage compound 笼型化合物Propellane 螺桨烷Rotazane 轮烷Catenane 索烃[ˈkætnein ］Fused ring 稠环［fju:zd riŋ]化学专业英语词汇常用前后缀—acetal 醛缩醇acetal—乙酰acid 酸-al 醛alcohol 醇-aldehyde 醛alkali- 碱allyl 丙烯基'alkoxy- 烷氧基Methoxy甲氧基的-amide 酰胺[］amino- 氨基的[əˈmi:nəʊ，ˈæməˌnəʊ］-amidine 脒［ˈæmiˌdi:n]—amine 胺—ane 烷anhydride 酐[ænˈhaidraid]anilino- 苯胺基［ˈænili：n］aquo—含水aqueous水的，水成的[ˈeikwiəs］-ase 酶—ate 含氧酸的盐、酯-atriyne 三炔azo- 偶氮[ˈæzəu]azoxy—氧化偶氮—N=N（O)—(完整word版)有机化学专业英语hydrazo—氢化偶氮 -NH-NH—benzene 苯［ˈbenˌzi：n, benˈzi:n] bi —在盐类前表示酸式盐bis- 双-borane 硼烷[ˈbəurein]bromo—溴butyl 丁基.—carbinol 甲醇carbonyl 羰基-caboxylic acid 羧酸centi- 10-2chloro—氯代cis—顺式condensed 缩合的、冷凝的cyclo- 环deca—十deci 10—1di二-dine 啶dodeca- 十二—ene 烯epi—表epoxy- 环氧［]-ester 酯—ether 醚ethoxy- 乙氧基［］ethyl 乙基fluoro—或fluor—氟代—form 仿—glycol 二醇hemi- 半hendeca—十一hepta- 七heptadeca- 十七hexa—六hexadeca—十六-hydrin 醇hydro—氢或水hydroxyl 羟基hypo—低级的，次-ic 酸的，高价金属-ide 无氧酸的盐，酰替胺,酐-il 偶酰—imine 亚胺/iodine 碘[] iodo—碘代iso—异,等,同-ite 亚酸盐keto—酮ketone 酮—lactone 内酯mega —106meta- 间，偏methoxy—甲氧基methyl 甲基micro—10-6milli- 10-3mono—( mon—) 一，单nano- 10-9nitro- 硝基nitroso—亚硝基nona- 九nonadeca—十九octa- 八octadeca —十八-oic 酸的-ol 醇9 a ＄f! Q, H: ［5 n& G—one 酮ortho—邻，正，原—ous 亚酸的，低价金属oxa- 氧杂—oxide 氧化合物-oxime 肟［]oxo- 酮[]oxy- 氧化［］-oyl 酰para—对位，仲penta- 五pentadeca- 十五per- 高，过petro- 石油phenol 苯酚［ˈfi：nəl］phenyl 苯基[］pico—10—12poly—聚,多(完整word版)有机化学专业英语quadri- 四quinque- 五semi- 半septi- 七sesqui 一个半sulfa—磺胺[]sym- 对称syn —顺式，同，共ter—三—tetra- 四tetradeca—十四tetrakis—四个thio- 硫代[］trans- 反式，超，跨tri- 三trans- 反式，超，跨tri- 三trideca- 十三tris- 三个undeca- 十一。
有机化学方面的专业英语(改过)
有机化学方面的专业英语Angular methyl group 角甲基Alkylidene group 亚烷基Allyl group 烯丙基Allylic 烯丙型[的]Phenyl group 苯基Aryl group 芳基Benzyl group 苄基Benzylic 苄型[的]Activating group 活化基团Chromophore 生色团Auxochrome 助色团Magnetically anisotropic group 磁各向异性基团Smally ring 小环Common ring 普通环Medium ring 中环Large ring 大环Bridged-ring system 桥环体系Spiro compound 螺环化合物Helical molecule 螺旋型分子Octahedral compound 八面体化合物Conjugation 共轭Conjugated-system 共轭体系Acyl cation 酰[基]正离子Benzylic cation 苄[基]正离子Arenirm ion 芳[基]正离子Ketyl radical 羰自由基Radical ion 自由基离子Radical cation 自由基正离子Radical anion 自由基负离子Isomerism 异构[现象] Acid form 酸式Fluxional structure 循变结构Stereochemistry 立体化学Optical activity 光学活性Dextro isomer 右旋异构体Laevo isomer 左旋异构体Tetrahedral configuration 四面体构型Stereoisomerism 立体异构[现象] Asymmetric atom 不对称原子Asymmetric carbon 不对称碳Pseudoasymmetric carbon 假不对称碳Phantom atom 虚拟原子Homotopic 等位[的]Heterotopic 异位[的] Enantiotopic 对映异位[腯Diastereotopic 非对映异位[的] Configuration 构型Absolute configuration 绝对构型Chiral 手性[的] Chiral center 手性中心Chiral molecule 手性分子Achiral 非手性[的]Fischer projection 费歇尔投影式Neoman projection 纽曼投影式D-L system of nomenclature D-L命名体系R-S syytem of nomenclature R-S命名体系Cahn-Ingold-Prelon sequence 顺序规则Symmetry factor 对称因素Plane of symmetry 对称面Mirror symmetry 镜面对称Enantiomer 对映[异构]体Diastereomer 非对映[异构]体Epimer 差向异构体Anomer 端基[差向]异构体Erythro configuration 赤型构型Erythro isomer 赤型异构体Threo configuration 苏型构型Threo isomer 苏型异构体Trigonal carbon 三角型碳Cis-trans isomerism 顺反异构 E isomer E异构体Z isomer Z异构体Endo isomer 内型异构体Exo isomer 外型异构体Prochirality 前手性Pro-R group 前R基团Pro-S proup 前S基团Re face Re面Si face Si面Racemic mixture 外消旋混合物Racemic compound 外消旋化合物Racemic solid solution 外消旋固体溶液Meso compound 内消旋化合物Quasi racemate 准外消旋体Conformation 构象Conformational 构象分析Torsion angle 扭转角Rotamer 旋转异构体Anti conformation 反式构象Bisecting conformation 等分构象Eclipsed conformation 重叠构象Gauche conformation, skew con-formation 邻位交叉构象Staggered conformation 对位交叉构象Steric effect 空间效应Steric hindrance 位阻Atropisomer 阻转异构体Puckered ring 折叠环Conformational inversion 构象反转Chair conformation 椅型构象Boat conformation 船型构象Twist conformation 扭型构象Skew boat conformation 扭船型构象Half-chair conformation 半椅型构象Pseudorotation 假旋转Envelope conformation 信封[型]构象Axial bond 直[立]键Equatorial bond 平[伏]键Cisoid conformation 顺向构象Transoid conformation 反向构象Retention of configuration 构型保持Regioselectivity 区域选择性Regiospecificity 区域专一性Stereoselectivity 立体选择性Stereospecificty 立体专一性Conformer 构象异构体Conformational effect 构象效应Stereochemical orientation 立体[化学]取向Conformational transmission 构象传递Homolog 同系物Ipso position 本位Ortho position 邻位Meta position 间位Para position 对位Trigonal hybridization 三角杂化Molecular orbiral method 分子轨道法Valence bond method 价键法Delocalezed bond 离域键Cross conjugation 交叉共轭Vinylog 插烯物Mesomeric effect 中介效应Resonance 共振Resonance effect 共振效应Hyperconjugation 超共轭Isovalent hyperconjugation 等价超共轭No-bond resonance 无键共振Aromaticity 芳香性Aromatic sexter 芳香六隅Huckel’rule休克尔规则Paramagnetic ring current 顺磁环电流Diamagnetic ring cruuent 抗磁环电流Homoaromaticity 同芳香性Antiaromaticity 反芳香性Alternant hydrocarbon 交替烃Non-alternant hydrocarbon 非交替烷Pericyclic reaction 周环反应Electrocyclic rearrangement 电环[化]重排Conrotatory 顺旋Disroatatory 对旋Cycloaddition 环加成Symmetry forbidden-reaction 对称禁阻反应Synfacial reaction 同面反应Antarafacial reaction 异面反应Lewis structure 路易斯结构Coordinate-covalent bond 配位共价键Banana bond 香蕉键Pauling electronegativity scale 鲍林电负性标度Polarizability 可极化性Inductive effect 诱导效应Field effect 场效应Electrical effect 电场效应tautomerism 互变异构Tautomerization 互变异构化Keto-enol tautomerism 酮-烯醇互变异构Phenol-keto tautomerism 酚-酮互变异构Imine-enamine atutomerism 亚胺-烯胺互变异构Ring-chain tautomerism 环-链互变异构Valence tautomerism 价互变异构Solvent effect 溶剂Ambident 两可[的]效应Acid-base catalyzed reaction 酸-碱催化反应Basic solvent 碱性溶剂Dielectric constant 介电常数Solvated electron 溶剂化电子Acid-base catalyzed reaction 酸碱催化反应Conjugated acid 共轭酸Conjugated base 共轭碱Thermodynamic acidity 热力学酸度Kinetic acidity 动力学酸度Electron donator-acceptor complex, EDA complex 电子给[体]受体络合物Host 主体Guest 客体Primary isotope effect 一级同位素效应Secondary isotope effect 二级同位数效应Inverse isotope effect 逆同位素效应Kinetic control 动力学控制Thermodynamic control 热力学控制Substrate 底物Intermediate 中间体Reactive intermediate 活泼中间体Microscopic reversibility 微观可逆性Hammond postulate 哈蒙德假说Linear free energy 线性自由能Non-bonded interaction 非键相互作用Torsional effect 扭转效应Restricted rotation 阻碍旋转Eclipsing effect 重叠效应Eclipsing strain 重叠张力Small-angle strain 小角张力Large angle strain 大角张力Transannular interaction 跨环相互作用Transannular strain 跨环张力Anomeric effect 端基异构效应Walden inversion 瓦尔登反转Racemization 外消旋化Isoinversion 等反转Isoracemization 等消旋Homochiral 纯手性[的] Mechanism 机理Unimolecular nucleophilic substitution单分子亲核取代分子亲核取代（含烯丙型重排）Internal nucleophilic substitution 分子内亲核取代Aromatic nucleophilic substitution 芳香亲核取代Unimolecular electrophilic substitution 单分子亲电取代Bimolecular electrophilic substitution 双分子亲电取代Nucleophile-assisted unimolecular electrophilic substitution 亲核体协助单分子亲电取代Unimolecular elimination 单分子消除Bimolecular elimination 双分子消除Unimolecular elimination through the conjugated base 单分子共轭碱消除Bimolecular elimination through the conjugated base 双分子共轭碱消除Bimolecular elimination with formation of a carbonyl group 双分子消除形成羰基Unimolecular acid-catalyzed acyl-oxygen cleavage 单分子酸催化酰氧断裂Bimolecular base-catalyzed acyl-oxygen cleavage 双分子碱催化酰氧断裂Unimolecular acid-catalyzed alkyl-oxygen cleavage 单分子酸催化烷氧断裂Bimolecular base-catalyzed alkyl-oxygen cleavage 双分子碱催化烷氧断裂π-allyl complex mechanism π烯丙型络合机理Borderline mechanism 边理机理Homolysis 均裂Heterolysis 异裂Heterolytic mechanism 异裂机理Counter ion 反荷离子Ion pair 离子对Carbocation 碳正离子Nonclassical carbocation 非经典碳正离子Carbanion 碳负离子Masked carbanion 掩蔽碳负离子Carbenoid 卡宾体Carbene 卡宾Nitrene 氮宾Carbine 碳炔Electrophilic addition 亲电加成Electrophile 亲电体Diaxial addition 双直键加成Ma rkovnikov’s rule 马尔科夫尼科规则Anti-Markovnikov addition 反马氏加成Michael addition 迈克尔加成Substitution 取代Electrophilic substitution 亲电取代Addition-elimination mechanism 加成消除机理Electrophilic aromatic substitution 亲电芳香取代Electron transfer 电子转移Electron-donating group 给电子基团Electron-withdrawing group 吸电子基团Deactivating group 钝化基团Orinentation 取向Ortho-para directing group 邻对位定位基Meta directing group 间位定位基Ortho effect 邻位效应Partial rate factor 分速度系数Nucleophilic reaction 亲核反应Internal return 内返Nucleophilicitor亲核体Nucleophilicity 亲核性α-effect α-效应Backside attack 背面进攻Inversion 反转Umbrella effect 伞效应Push-pull effect 推拉效应Leaving group 离去基团Electrofuge 离电体Nucleofuge 离核体Phase-transfer catalysis 相转移催化Neighboring group participation 邻基参与Neighboring group assistance, anchimeric assistance 邻助作用Neighboring group effect 邻基效应Apofacial reaction 反面反应Bridgehead displacement 桥头取代Aryl cation 芳正离子Benzyne 苯炔Zaitsev rule 札依采夫规则Anti-Zaitsev orientation 反札依采夫定向Hofmann’s rule 霍夫曼规则Bredt rule 布雷特规则Initiation 引发Anionic cleavage 负离子裂解Partial bond fixation 键[的]部分固定化02．3有机化学反应Alkylation 烷基化C- alkylation C-烷基化O- alkylation O-烷基化N-alkylation N-烷基化Silylation 硅烷[基]化Exhaustive methylation 彻底甲基化Seco alkylation 断裂烷基化Demethylation 脱甲基化Ethylation 乙基化Arylation 芳基化Acylation 酰化Formylation 甲酰化Carbalkoxylation 烷氧羰基化。
有机化学专业词汇-英语
有机化学专业词汇Route ［`raut]【路线】Strategy ［’strætidʒi]【策略】Rearrangement ［ˏri：ә'reindʒmәnt］【重排】Asymmetric ['eisi'metrik］【不对称】Migration ［mai'greiʃәn］【迁移】Mechanism [’mekәnizәm]【机理】Substrate ［’sʌbstreit］【底物、培养基】Synthesis ［’sinθisis］【合成】Labile ［’leibail]【不稳定的】Azeotropic [әˏzi:ә’trɔpik］【共沸的】Scheme [ski：m］【图示】Derivative [di’rivәtiv]【衍生物】Analogous ［ә'nælәgәs］【类似物】Primary ［'praimәri］【伯—】Secondary ['sekәndәri]【仲-】Tertiary ['tә:ʃәri］【叔-】Functional ［'fʌŋkʃәnl] group【官能团】Catalyst ［`kætәlist] 【催化剂】Catalysis ［kә`tælisis］【催化（作用)】Catalytical ［kætә`litikәl] 【催化的】Hydrogenolysis [ˏhaidrәudʒә'nɔlәsis］【氢化】Hydrogenous [hai’drɔdʒinәs] 【含氢的】pericyclic ［peri’saiklik］ reaction【周环反应】transition ［træn'ziʒәn］ state 【过渡态】homolysis ［hɔ'mɔlisis］【均裂】heterolysis ［ˏhetә'rɔlisis] 【异裂】homogeneous ［ˏhɔmәu'dʒi:njәs]【均相的】heterogeneous ［ˏhetәrәu'dʒi:niәs] 【非均相的】Steric ［’sterik] hindrance[`hindrәns] 【立体位阻】Lipophilic ［ˏlipә`filik] 【亲脂性的】chiral [`kairәl］【手性的】electrophile [i`lektrәfail］【亲电试剂】nucleophilic [ˏnju：kliәu'filik］【亲核的】hydrolysis ［hai`drɔlisis] 【水解(作用）】acidolysis [ˏæsi`dɔlisis] 【酸解（作用）】displacement [dis’pleismәnt］【取代】formalin ['fɔ:mәlin］【甲醛溶液】dilute [dai'lju:t］【稀释】dehydrate ［di:'haidreit] 【脱水】dilation [dai’leiʃәn］【膨胀】saponification [sәpɔnifi’keiʃәn］【皂化】emulsification [iˏmʌlsifi'keiʃәn] 【乳化】reactant [ri：’æktәnt］【反应物】adduct [ә'dʌkt］【加合物】dissolve ［di'zɔlv]【溶解】degradation ［ˏdegrә'deiʃәn］【降解】mild ［maild］【（反应)温和的】harsh ［hɑ:ʃ］【(反应）苛刻的】racemic ［rә’si:mik]【消旋的】substituent [sʌb'stitjuәnt]【取代基】conjugation ［ˏkɔndʒu'geiʃәn]【偶和】equivalent [i'kwivәlәnt]【当量的】volatile ［’vɔlәtail］【易挥发的】susceptible ［sә'septәbl］【易受影响的】in large scale【大量】protease ［’prәutieis]【蛋白酶】side chain【侧链】Impuritiy [im'pjuәriti]【杂质】Component [kәm'pәunәnt］【组分】Tare ［tєә］【去皮】Syringe ['sirindʒ]【注射器】Concentrate ［’kɔnsentreit]【浓缩】Aqueous ［’eikwiәs］【水相（的）】Methodology [meθә'dɔlәdʒi］【方法学】Precursor [pri(:)'kә:sә] 【前体】Separation [sepә'reiʃәn]【分离】Purification ［ˏpjuәrifi'keiʃәn］【纯化】Recrystallization [’rikristәlai'zeiʃәn］【重结晶】Crystalline ［’kristәlain]【晶体】Distillation ［ˏdisti'leiʃәn］【蒸馏】Sublimation [ˏsʌbli'meiʃәn］【升华】Microwave ［'maikrәuweiv］【微波】Infrared ['infrә’red]【红外】ultraviolet [’ʌltrә’vaiәlit］ active【紫外显色】isotope ［'aisәutәup］【同位素】isomer ['aisɔmә］【同分异构体】Isomerization [aiˏsɔmәrai'zeiʃәn]【异构化】Transformation [ˏtrænsfә'meiʃәn］【转化】Stability ［stә’biliti]【稳定性】Poisoned ［’pɔiznd]【中毒的】Filter ［'filtә］【过滤器】Filtration ［fil'treiʃәn]【过滤】Filtrate ［'filtreit]【滤液】Filter Cake【滤饼】Eluent [’eljuәnt]【淋洗液】Thin—layer-chromatography ［ˏkrәumә'tɔgrәfi］ TLC【薄层色谱】Preparative ［pri'pærәtiv］ TLC【制备薄层色谱】HPLC【高效液相色谱】LC—MS【液质联用仪】Protic ［’prәutik］【质子的】Aprotic[ә'prәutik］【非质子的】Decompose ［ˏdi:kәm'pәuz]【分解】Removal [ri'mu：vәl］【除去】Reduced [ri’dju：st］ pressure 【减压】Vacuum ['vækjuәm] 【真空】Elimination ［iˏlimi’neiʃәn］【消除】Addition ［ә'diʃәn]【添加、加成】Ligand ['laigәnd］【配体】Stopper ['stɔpә]【塞子】Separatory/ addition/ Büchner funnel ['fʌnәl]【分液/加料/布什】column chromatography【柱层析】Run column【用柱层析分离】Stopcock ['stɔpkɔk] 【旋塞阀】Condenser [kәn'densә]【冷凝管】Chamber ['tʃeimbә]【（薄层用）展缸】Bench ［bentʃ] 【实验台】Hood [hud］【通风橱】Rotavapor [ˏrәutә'veipә］【旋蒸】Evaporation [iˏvæpә'reiʃәn] 【蒸发】vacuum hose ［hәuz]【真空管】silicon ［’silikәn] oil bath 【（硅）油浴】sink ［siŋk］【水槽】neutralize ［'nju:trәlaiz] 【中和】stir bar 【搅拌子】Dry ice trap【干冰冷阱】Glovebox ［glʌvә’bɔks]【手套箱】vacuum pump ［pʌmp]【真空泵】spatula ［’spætjulә］【刮刀】miscible ［'misibl］【混溶的】Quench ［kwentʃ]【淬灭】Purging [’pә：dʒiŋ]【鼓气】Titration [tai’treiʃәn]【滴定】Trituration [tritju’reiʃәn]【研磨】Dessicator ['desikeitә:］【干燥剂】Hygroscopic [ˏhaigrәu’skɔpik] 【吸湿的】Lachrymator [’lækriˏmeitә]【催泪剂】DI （de-ion) water【去离子水】Stoichiometric [ˏstɔikiәuˋmєtrik] 【化学量的】Volumetric [vɔlju’metrik］【测体积的】Weighing ［'weiiŋ］ paper【称量纸】Mechanical ［mi’kænikl] stirring apparatus ［ˏæpә’reitәs]【机械搅拌装置】heating mental ['mentl］【加热套】Eclipse [i’klips] 【使失色】Anomeric ［’ænәˏmerik] Effect 【端基异构效应】Equatorial [ˏekwә’tɔ：riәl]【平伏（键）的】Axial ［’æksiәl］【直立（键）的】Gauche ［gәuʃ] 【构象】Thermodynamic ［'θә：mәudai’næmik]【热力学的】Kinetic ［kai’netik］【动力学的】Enantioselective ［eˏnæntiәsi’lektiv］【对映选择性的】Diastereotopic ［ˏdaiәstiәriә'tɔpik] 【非对映的】Chemoselectivity 【化学选择性】。
(完整版)化学专业英语常用词汇
☆常用： ppm: parts per millionppb: parts per billion pH: potential of hydrogen1. 化合物的命名：规则：金属(或某些非金属)元素+阴离子名称(1)MgCl2 magnesium [mæɡ’ni:zj əm] chloride (2)NaNO2 sodium nitrite [‘naitrait](3)KNO3 potassium[p ə’tæsi əm] nitrate [‘naitreit] (4)硝酸 nitric acid(5)NaHCO3 sodium hydrogen carbonate练习：▪ FeBr2 ▪ (NH4)2SO4 ▪ NH4H2PO4▪KMnO4▪亚硫酸▪sulfurous acid▪H2S▪NO2 有机物命名▪Hydrocarbon▪{Aliphatic hydrocarbon; Aromatic Hydrocarbon}▪Aliphatic hydrocarbon (脂肪烃)▪{Alkane (烷); Alkene(烯); Alkyne(炔)}▪Alcohol 醇▪Aldehyde 醛▪Ketone [‘ki:təun] 酮▪Carboxylic acid 羧酸▪Aromatic hydrocarbon(芳香烃)▪{benzene (苯) hydroxybenzene(酚) quinone(醌)无机物中关于数字的写法mono-, di-, tri-, tetra-, penta- hexa-, hepta-, octa-, nona-, deca-一，二，三，四，五，六，七，八，九，十有机物中关于数字的写法meth-, eth-, prop-, but-, pent-, hex-,甲乙丙丁戊已hept-, oct-, non-, dec-, cyclo-, poly-庚辛壬葵环聚练习▪甲烷乙炔▪丙酮丁醇▪戊烷己烯▪庚醛辛烷▪2-甲基壬酸 3,5-二乙基癸醇Lithium [‘liθiəm] n.锂Beryllium [bə’riljəm] n.铍(Be)Sodium [‘səudiəm] n.钠Potassium [pə’tæsiəm] 钾Rubidium [ru:’bidiəm] 铷Caesium [‘si:ziəm] 铯Nucleus[‘nju:kli s] 原子核，是nuclear的复数Halogen[‘hælədʒən] 卤素general chemistry 普通化学positive[‘pƆzətiv] ion 阳离子orbital electron 轨道电子effective nuclear charge 有效核电荷atomic radius 原子半径，raddi的复数ionic radius 离子半径negative ion 阴离子electron cloud 电子云Van der Waals non-bounded radius单质分子晶体中相邻分子间两个非键合原子核间距离的一半称为范德华半径metallic [mi’tælik] character[‘kæriktə] 金属特性electropositive [I’lektrəu’pɔzətiv] a.带正电的Ionization [‘aiənai’zeiʃən] energy 电离能carbon 碳 germanium[dʒə:’meiniəm] 锗tin [tin] 锡 lead [led] 铅sodium[‘səudiəm] 钠 magnesium[mæɡ’ni:zjəm] 镁silicon [‘silikən] 硅 chlorine [’klɔ:ri:n] 氯nonmetallic [‘nɔnmi’tælik]adj.n.非金属的，非金属Electronegativity 电负性Metallic oxide 金属氧化物Metallic hydroxide [hai’drɔksaid] 金属氢氧化物Hydroxyl [hai‘drɔksil] ions 氢氧根离子insoluble[in’sɔljubl] 不溶解的Ionic [ai‘ɔnik] adj. 离子的Transition element 过渡元素Basicity [bə’sisiti] n. 碱性，碱度Oxyacid [,ɔksi’æsid] 含氧酸Carbonate [‘kɑ:bəneit] 碳酸盐Nitrate [‘naitreit] 硝酸盐Sulphate [‘sʌlfeit] 硫酸盐 = sulfateAmphoteric [,æmfə’terik] adj.两性的Acid [‘æsid] n. adj.alkali [‘ælkəlai] n.adj.Hydration [hai’dreiʃən] 水合作用Hydrolyze [‘haidrəlaiz] vi. 水解Oxysalt [‘ɔksisɔ:lt] 含氧酸盐Complex 络合物，复合物句子理解1) Metals are electropositive and have a tendency to loss electrons, if suppliedwith energy: M M+ + e. 金属是电正性的，如果供给能量，有失去电子的趋势。
有机化学专业英语
烷基Alkyl [??lkil]芳基aryl [??ril]甲基methyl [?meθil]亚甲基methylene[?meθili:n]乙基ethyl [?eθil,?eθ?l]丙基propyl [?pr?upil]异丙基isopropyl [?ais?u?pr?upil]丁基butyl [?bju:til]戊基pentyl [?pentil]己基hexyl [?heksil]庚基heptyl [?heptil]辛基octyl [??kt?l]壬基nonyl [?n?nil]奎基decyl ['des?l]?[di:'s i l]?叔丁基tert-butyl异丁基iso-butyl环戊基cyclopentyl []环己基cyclohexyl []甲氧基methoxyl ['met?ks?l]?乙氧基ethoxyl [e?θ?ksil]丁氧基butoxyl 酰基 acyl[??sil]甲酰基formyl [?f?:mil]乙酰基acetyl [??sitil]乙烯基vinyl [?va?n?l]或ethenyl丁烯基butenyl [?bjut?nil]己烯基hexenyl庚烯基heptenyl [?hept??nil]烯丙基allyl [??lil]乙炔基ethinyl [e?θainil] 或alkynyl 硝基nitro [?naitr?u]亚硝基nitroso [nai?tr?us?u]氨基amino [??mi:n??, ??m??n??]二氨基diamino亚氨基imino [?imin?u,i?mi:n?u]重氮基diazo [dai??z?u]苯基phenyl [?fen?l,?fi:n?l,?fi:nil]苄基benzyl [?benzil] 或phenmethyl [?fin?meθil]苯乙基phenethyl [fen?eθ?l]乙氧苯基ethoxyphenyl苯胺基anilino [??nili:n]羰基carbonyl [?kɑ:b?nil]羧基carboxyl [kɑ:?b?ksil]联苯基biphenyl [bai?fenl]甲酰基formyl [?f?:mil]苯酰，苯甲酰benzoyl ['benz???l]脒基guanyl [il]羟基hydroxyl [hai?dr?ksil]烷氧基alkoxy [?l?k?ksi]或alkoxyl group芳基 aryl group二芳基diaryl group [dai??ril]吡啶基pyridyl[?piridil]三苯甲基trityl['tra?tl]二苯甲基benzhydryl [bena?d'ra?l]氨基甲酰基carbamoyl[kɑ:'b?m??l]三甲基硅基trimethylsilyl炔丙基propargyl [pr??'pɑ:d??l]丙酮基（乙酰甲基）acetonyl['?s?t?n?l]正n，normal异iso邻位ortho- [??:θ?u]间位meta- ['m?t?]对位para- [?pɑ:r?]伯Primary ['praim?ri]仲Secondary ['sek?nd?ri]叔Tertiary ['t?:??ri] tert-季碳quaternary [kw??t?:n?ri] carbon一，单mono-二di-，双bis ，bi（化学中只有碳酸氢根才用bi，如bicarbonate [bai?kɑ:b?nit]）三tri-，tris四tetra- 四quadric-五penta- 五quinque-六hexa-七hepta- 七septi八octa-九nona-十deca- ['d?k?]十一undeca ，hendeca-十二dodeca-十三trideca-十四tetradeca十五pentadeca-十六hexadeca-十七heptadeca-顺式，cis-同，共syn反式trans有机化合物类名Aliphatic?compound?脂肪族化合物[]Hydrocarbon?碳氢化合物[?ha?dr??kɑ:b?n] Alkane?烷[]Wax?蜡[]Paraffin?wax?石蜡arene芳烃[]Alkene?烯[]Alkyne?炔[??lkain]Acetylide?炔化物[] Active?hydrogen?compounds?活泼氢化合物acid [??sid]Carbon?acid?碳氢酸Super?acid?超酸Diene?双烯[?daii:n]Triene?三烯[?traii:n]Allene?丙二烯[??li:n]Propylene丙烯[] cumulene?累积多烯[] Enyne?烯炔[e?ni:n]Diyne?二炔Alkyl?halide?卤代烷[??lkil ?h?laid]Alcohol?醇[]Homoallylic?alcohol?高烯丙醇Ether?醚[?i:θ?]Ester?酯[?est?]Ketone?酮Aldehyde?醛[??ldihaid]Epoxide?环氧化物[e?p?ksaid]Sulfone?砜[?s?lf?un]Sulfoxide?亚砜Sulfonic?acid?磺酸Carboxylic?acid?羧酸Cellosolve?溶纤剂Crown?ether?冠醚Nitro?compound?硝基化合物Amine?胺[] Quaternaryammonium?compound?季铵化合物[] [] Amine?oxide?氧化胺Diazoalkane?重氮烷[da?,?z??'?lke?n] Mercaptan?硫醇[] Aldehyde?hydrate?醛水合物Ketone?hydrate?酮水合物Hemiacetal?半缩醛[?hemi??sit?l]Acetal?缩醛acetal [化]乙缩醛,?乙缩醛二乙醇[??sit?l] Ketal?缩酮[?ki:t?l]thiazole噻唑[?θai??z?ul]Dithiane?二噻烷[dai?θai?n]Aminal?缩醛胺;动物imine?亚胺[]Aldimine?醛亚胺Oxime?肟[]nitroso compound?亚硝基化合物aldoxime?醛肟，乙醛肟[?l?d?ksi:m] Hydrazone?腙[?haidr??z?un]Azine?嗪[??zi:n]Semicarbazone?缩氯基脲Cyanohydrin?羟腈,氰醇[?sai?n?u?haidrin] Pinacol?频哪醇Enol?烯醇[?i:n?l]Enol?ether?烯醇醚Enol?ester?烯醇酯[?i:n?l][?est?]Enamine?烯胺[i?n?min]Ynamine?炔胺Mannich?base?曼尼希碱orthoester?原酸酯Acyl?halide?酰卤[??sil]Acyl?fluoride?酰氟[] Acyl?chloride?酰氯Acyl?bromide?酰溴Acyl?iodide?酰碘[?ai?daid]Carbobenzoxy?chloride?苄氧甲酰氯Acyl?tosylate?酰基对甲苯磺酸酐Ketene?乙烯酮[?ki:ti:n]Peracid?过酸Perester?过酸酯Acyl?peroxide?酰基过氧化物Nitrile?腈[?naitrail]acetonitrile 乙腈[??sit?u?naitril] 或methyl cyani de [?sa???na?d]Nitrile?oxide?氧化腈Isonitrile?异腈，异氰化物Amide?酰胺[??maid]Imide?二酰亚胺[?imaid]N-bromo?compound?N-溴化物Hydrazide?酰肼[]Azide 叠氮化物[??zaid,?eizid]Acyl?azide?酰基叠氮[??sil] [??zaid,?eizid]Amidine?脒[??mi?di:n]Keto?ester?酮酸酯Acyl?cyanide?酰腈[??sil] [?sa???na?d]Carbon?suboxide?二氧化三碳Glycidic?acid?环氧丙酸Carbammic?acid?氨基甲酸Carbamate?氨基甲酸酯[?kɑ:b?meit]Urea?脲，尿素[] Cyanamide?氨腈[sai??n?maid]Carbodiimide?碳二亚胺[,kɑ:b?dai'imaid] Allophanate?脲基甲酸酯Thioester?硫代酸酯[?θai?u?est?] Thiol?acid?硫羰酸[?θai?u]Lactone?内酯[?l?kt?un]Lactol?内半缩醛[?l?kt?l]Macrolide?大环内酯[?m?kr?laid] Amino?acid?氨基酸Zwitterion两性离子[?tsvit?rai?n] Inner?salt?内盐Betaine?甜菜碱[?bi:t?i:n]Lactam?内酰胺[?l?kt?m]Hydantoin?或glycolylurea 乙内酰脲[hai?d?nt?win]Hydration水合，水合作用[ha?'dre??n] Peptide?肽[?pep?ta?d]Glycol?乙二醇[] Aldol?羟醛[??ld?ul]Acyloin?偶姻，酮醇[??sil?uin]acyloin condensation 酮醇缩合Carbohydrate?碳水化合物Aldose?醛糖[??ld?us]Ketose?酮糖[?ki:t?us]Furanose?呋喃糖[?fju?r??n?us] Pyranose?吡喃糖[?pai?r?n?us]Glycoside?糖苷[?ɡlaik??said] Glucoside?葡[萄]糖苷Aglycon?苷元[??ɡlaik?n]Saccharide?糖类[?s?k?raid] Oligosaccharide?寡糖[??liɡ?u?s?k?raid] Polysaccharide?多糖[p?li?s?k?raid] Alditol?糖醇[??ldit?l]Osazone?脎[??us??z?un]Alicyclic?compound?脂环化合物[?li?siklik] Cycloalkane?环烷Cycloalkene?环烯Spirane? 螺烷[?spai?rein]Cage?compound?笼型化合物Propellane?螺桨烷Rotazane?轮烷Catenane?索烃[?k?tnein]Fused?ring?稠环[fju:zd ri?]化学专业英语词汇常用前后缀-acetal?醛缩醇?acetal-?乙酰?acid?酸?-al?醛?alcohol?醇?-aldehyde?醛?alkali-?碱?allyl?丙烯基?'?alkoxy-?烷氧基Methoxy甲氧基的?-amide?酰胺?[]amino-?氨基的[??mi:n??, ??m??n??]-amidine?脒?[??mi?di:n]-amine?胺?-ane?烷?anhydride?酐?[?n?haidraid]anilino-?苯胺基[??nili:n]aquo-?含水aqueous水的，水成的?[?eikwi?s] -ase?酶?-ate?含氧酸的盐、酯?-atriyne?三炔?azo-?偶氮?[??z?u]azoxy-氧化偶氮-N=N(O)-hydrazo-氢化偶氮-NH-NH-benzene?苯?[?ben?zi:n, ben?zi:n]bi-?在盐类前表示酸式盐bis-?双?-borane?硼烷?[?b?urein]bromo-?溴?butyl?丁基?.-carbinol?甲醇? carbonyl?羰基?-caboxylic?acid?羧酸?centi-?10-2?chloro-?氯代?cis-?顺式?condensed?缩合的、冷凝的? cyclo-?环?deca-?十deci?10-1?di二?-dine?啶?dodeca-?十二?-ene?烯?epi-?表epoxy-?环氧?[]-ester?酯-ether?醚?ethoxy-?乙氧基? [] ethyl?乙基?fluoro-或fluor-?氟代?-form?仿?-glycol?二醇?hemi-?半?hendeca-?十一?hepta-?七?heptadeca-?十七?hexa-?六?hexadeca-?十六?-hydrin?醇?hydro-?氢或水?hydroxyl?羟基?hypo-?低级的，次?-ic?酸的，高价金属?-ide?无氧酸的盐，酰替?胺，酐-il?偶酰?-imine?亚胺?/iodine?碘[]iodo-?碘代?iso-?异，等，同?-ite?亚酸盐?keto-?酮?ketone?酮?-lactone?内酯?mega-?106?meta-?间，偏?methoxy-?甲氧基?methyl?甲基micro-?10-6?milli-?10-3mono-?(?mon-)?一，单? nano-?10-9?nitro-?硝基?nitroso-?亚硝基?nona-?九?nonadeca-?十九?octa-?八?octadeca-?十八?-oic?酸的?-ol?醇9?a$?f!?Q,?H:?[5?n&?G -one?酮?ortho-?邻，正，原?-ous?亚酸的，低价金属?oxa-?氧杂?-oxide?氧化合物?-oxime?肟?[] oxo-?酮?[]oxy-?氧化?[]-oyl?酰?para-?对位，仲?penta-?五?pentadeca-?十五?per-?高，过?petro-?石油?phenol?苯酚?[?fi:n?l]phenyl?苯基?[]pico-?10-12?poly-?聚，多?quadri-?四?quinque-?五?semi-?半?septi-?七?sesqui?一个半?sulfa-?磺胺?[] sym-?对称?syn-?顺式，同，共?ter-?三?-tetra-?四?tetradeca-?十四?tetrakis-?四个?thio-?硫代[] trans-?反式，超，跨?tri-?三?trans-?反式，超，跨? tri-?三?trideca-?十三?tris-?三个?undeca-?十一?.Alkylation?烷基化C-?alkylation?C-烷基化O-?alkylation?O-烷基化N-alkylation?N-烷基化Silylation?硅烷[基]化Exhaustive?methylation?彻底甲基化Seco?alkylation?断裂烷基化Demethylation?脱甲基化Ethylation?乙基化Arylation?芳基化Acylation?酰化Formylation?甲酰化Carbalkoxylation?烷氧羰基化Carboamidation?氨羰基化Carboxylation?羧基化Amination?氨基化Bisamination?双氨基化Cine?substitution?移位取代Transamination?氨基交换Hydroxylation?羟基化acyloxyation?酰氧基化Decarboxylative?nitration?脱羧卤化Allylic?halogenation?烯丙型卤化Dehalogenation?脱卤Nitration?硝化Decarboxylative?nitration?脱羧硝化Nitrosation?亚硝化Sulfonation?磺化Chlorosulfonation?氯磺酰化Desulfonation?脱磺酸基Sulfenylation?亚磺酰化Sulfonylation?磺酰化Chlorosulfenation?氯亚磺酰化Chlorocarbonylation?氯羰基化Diazotization?重氮化[dai??z?tai?zei??n] Diazo?transfer?重氮基转移Coupling?reaction?偶联反应uni-?单，一?unsym-?不对称的，偏位?-yl?基?-ylene?撑(二价基，价在不同原子上)? -yne?炔Diazonium?coupling?重氮偶联[?dai??z?uni?m]Cross-coupling?reaction?交叉偶联反应1,4-addition?1，4-加成C-C Pi-bond C-C π键Conjugate?addition?共轭加成[?k?nd???ge?t] Dimerization?二聚Trimefization?三聚Additive?dimerization?加成二聚Sulfurize 使硫化[]sulfurization?硫化Selenylation?硒化Hydroboration?硼氢化[?haidr?u?b?:?rei??n] Oxyamination?羟氨基化Insertion?插入carbonylation?羧基化Hydroformylation?加氢甲酰基化Hydroacylation?加氢酰化Oxo?process?羰基合成Decarbonylation?脱羰[di:?kɑ:b?n??l ei??n] Hydrocarboxylation?氢羧基化Homologization?同系化Cyanoethylation?氰乙基化Decyanoethylation?脱氰乙基Ring?closure?环合，闭环Diene?synthesis?双烯合成Dienophile?亲双烯体Endo?addition?内型加成Exo?addition?外型加成Diels-Alder?reaction?第尔斯-尔德反应Retro?Diels-Alder?reaction?逆第尔斯-阿尔德反应Ene?synthesis?单烯合成Anionic?cycloaddition?负离子环加成Dipolar?addition?偶极加成Dehydrohalogenation?脱卤化氢Deamination?脱氨基Pyrolytic?elimination?热解消除Elimination-addition?消除-加成Decarboxylation?脱羧Decarboxamidation?脱酰胺Decyanation?脱氰基Alkylolysis,alkyl?cleavage?烷基裂解Acylolysis,acyl?cleavage?酰基裂解Flash?pyrolysis?闪热裂Fragmentation?碎裂Chiletropic?reaction?螯键反应Chelation?螯环化Esterification?酯化Transesterification?酯交换Saponification?皂化Alcoholysis?醇解Ethanolysis?乙醇解Cyanomethylation?氰甲基化Aminomethylation?氨甲基化Hydroxymethylation?羟甲基化Hydroxyalkylation?羟烷基化Cholromethylation?氯甲基化Haloalkylation?卤烷基化Transacetalation?缩醛交换Enolization?烯醇化Haloform?reaction?卤仿反应Condensation?缩合Aldol?condensation?羟醛缩合Cross?aldol?condensation?交叉羟醛缩合Retrograde?aldol?condensation?逆羟醛缩合Acyloin?condensation?偶姻缩合Cyclization?环化Annulation,annelation?增环反应Spiroannulation?螺增环Autoxidation?自氧化Allylic?hydroperoxylation?烯丙型氢过氧化Epoxidation?环氧化Oxonolysis?臭氧解Electrochemical?oxidation?电化学氧化Oxidative?decarboxylation?氧化脱羧Aromatization?芳构化Catalytic?hydrogenation?催化氢化Heterogeneous?hydrogenation?多相氢化Homogeneous?hydrogenation?均相氢化Catalytic?dehydrogenation?催化脱氢Transfer?hydrogenation?转移氢化Hydrogenolysis?氢解Dissolving?metal?reduction?溶解金属还原Single?electron?transfer?单电子转移Bimolecular?reduction?双分子还原Electrochemical?reduction?电化学还原Reductive?alkylation?还原烷基化Reductive?acylation?还原酰化Reductive?dimerization?还原二聚Deoxygenation?脱氧Desulfurization?脱硫Deselenization?脱硒Mitallation?金属化Lithiation?锂化Hydrometallation?氢金属化Mercuration?汞化Oxymercuration?羟汞化Aminomercuration?氨汞化Abstraction?夺取[反应]Internal?abstraction?内夺取[反应] Rearrangement?重排Prototropic?rearrangement?质了转移重排Double?bond?migration?双键移位Allylic?migration?烯丙型重排Allylic?migration?烯丙型迁移Ring?contraction?环缩小[反应]Ring?expansion,ring?enlargement?扩环[反应] -ketol?rearrangement?-酮醇重排Pinacol?rearrangement?频哪醇重排Retropinacol?rearrangement?逆频哪醇重排Semipinacol?rearrangement?半频哪醇重排Benzilic?rearrangement?二苯乙醇酸重排Acyl?rearrangement?酰基重排Migratory?aptitude?迁移倾向Transannular?insertion?跨环插入Transannular?rearrangement?跨环重排Migration?迁移Prototropy?质子转移Cationotropic?rearrangement?正离子转移重排Anionotropy?负离子转移Anionotropic?rearrangement?负离子转移重Sigmatropic?rearrangement?-迁移重排Homosigmatropic?rearrangement?同迁移重排Electrophilic?rearrangement?亲电重排Photosensitization?光敏化Forbidden?transition?禁阻跃迁photooxidation?光氧化Photoisomerization?光异构化Photochemical?rearrangement?光化学重排Angular?methyl?group?角甲基Alkylidene?group?亚烷基[?l?kil??di:n] Methylene 亚甲基[?meθili:n]Allyl?group?烯丙基Allylic?烯丙型[的] [??l??lik]Phenyl?group?苯基[?fen?l,?fi:n?l,?fi:nil] Aryl?group?芳基Benzyl?group?苄基Benzylic?苄型[的]Activating?group?活化基团Chromophore?生色团[?kr?um?f?:] Auxochrome?助色团[??:ks?kr?um]Magnetically?anisotropic?group?磁各向异性基团[??nais?u?tr?pik]Smally?ring?小环Common?ring?普通环Medium?ring?中环[?mi:dj?m]Large?ring?大环Bridged-ring?system?桥环体系Spiro?compound?螺环化合物Helical?molecule?螺旋型分子Octahedral?compound?八面体化合物Conjugation?共轭[]Conjugated-system?共轭体系Acyl?cation?酰[基]正离子Benzylic?cation?苄[基]正离子[?k?tai?n]Arenium?ion?芳[基]正离子或aryl cationKetyl?radical?羰自由基Radical?ion?自由基离子[?ai?n]Radical?cation?自由基正离子Radical?anion?自由基负离子[??nai?n]Isomerism?异构[现象]Acid?form?酸式Fluxional?structure?循变结构Stereochemistry?立体化学Optical?activity?光学活性，旋光性Dextro?isomer?右旋异构体[]Laevo?isomer?左旋异构体[]Tetrahedral?configuration?四面体构型Stereoisomerism?立体异构[现象]Asymmetric?atom?不对称原子Asymmetric?carbon?不对称碳Pseudoasymmetric?carbon?假不对称碳Phantom?atom?虚拟原子[]Homotopic?等位[的]Heterotopic?异位[的]Enantiotopic?对映[异构体]的Diastereotopic?非对映异构体[的] [?dai?sti?ri??t?p ik]Configuration?构型[k?n?fiɡju?rei??n]Absolute?configuration?绝对构型Chirality?手性Chiral?手性[的] [英] [?t?ir?l][美] [?ka?r?l]Chiral?center?手性中心Chiral?molecule?手性分子Achiral?非手性[的] [ei'kair?l]Fischer?projection?费歇尔投影式Neoman?projection?纽曼投影式D-L?system?of?nomenclature?D-L命名体系R-S?syytem?of?nomenclature?R-S命名体系Cahn-Ingold-Prelon?sequence?顺序规则Symmetry?factor?对称因素Plane?of?symmetry?对称面Mirror?symmetry?镜面对称Enantiomer?对映[异构]体[]Diastereomer?非对映[异构]体[]Epimer?差向异构体[] Anomer?端基[差向]异构体Erythro?configuration?赤型构型Erythro?isomer?赤型异构体Threo?configuration?苏型构型Threo?isomer?苏型异构体Trigonal?carbon?三角型碳Cis-trans?isomerism?顺反异构E?isomer?E异构体Z?isomer?Z异构体Endo?isomer?内型异构体Exo?isomer?外型异构体Prochirality?前手性Pro-R?group?前R基团Pro-S?proup?前S基团Re?face?Re面Si?face?Si面Racemic?mixture?外消旋混合物[]Racemic?compound?外消旋化合物Racemic?solid?solution?外消旋固体溶液Meso?compound?内消旋化合物Quasi?recemate?准外消旋体[?kwɑ:zi(:),?kweisai] Conformation?构象Conformational?构象的Torsion?angle?扭转角Rotamer?旋转异构体Anti?conformation?反式构象Bisecting?conformation?等分构象Anti?periplanar?conformation?反叠构象Synperiplanar?conformation?顺叠构象Synclinal?conformation?反错构象Synclinal?conformation?顺错构象Eclipsed?conformation?重叠构象Gauche?conformation,?skew?con-formation?邻位交叉构象Staggered?conformation?对位交叉构象Steric?effect?空间效应[?sti?rik,?sterik]Steric?hindrance?位阻Atropismer?阻转异构体Puckered?ring?折叠环Conformational?inversion?构象反转Chair?conformation?椅型构象Boat?conformation?船型构象Twist?conformation?扭型构象Skew?boat?conformation?扭船型构象Half-chair?conformation?半椅型构象Pseudorotation?假旋转Envelope?conformation?信封[型]构象Axial?bond?直[立]键[??ksi:?l]Equatorial?bond?平[伏]键[?i:kw??t?:ri:?l, -?t??r-, ?ekw?-]Cisoid?conformation?顺向构象Transoid?conformation?反向构象Retention?of?configuration?构型保持Regioselectivity?区域选择性Regiospecificity?区域专一性Stereocelectivity?立体选择性Stereospecificty?立体专一性Conformer?构象异构体Conformational?effect?构象效应Cram’s?rube?克拉姆规则Prelog’rule?普雷洛格规则Stereochemical?orientation?立体[化学]取向Conformational?transmission?构象传递Homolog?同系物Ipso?position?本位Ortho?position?邻位Meta?position?间位Para?position?对位Amphi?position?远位Peri?position?近位Trigonal?hybridization?三角杂化Molecular?orbiral?method?分子轨道法Valence?bond?method?价键法Delocalezed?bond?离域键Cross?conjugation?交叉共轭Vinylog?插烯物Mesomeric?effect?中介效应Resonance?共振[?rez?n?ns] Resonance?effect?共振效应Hyperconjugation?超共轭Isovalent?hyperconjugation?等价超共轭No-bond?resonance?无键共振Aromaticity?芳香性Aromatic?sexter?芳香六隅Huckel’rule?休克尔规则Paramagnetic?ring?current?顺磁环电流Diamagnetic?ring?cruuent?抗磁环电流Homoaromaticity?同芳香性Antiaromaticity?反芳香性Alternant?hydrocarbon?交替烃Non-alternant?hydrocarbon?非交替烷Pericyclic?reaction?周环反应Electrocyclic?rearrangement?电环[化]重排Conrotatory?顺旋Disroatatory?对旋Cycloaddition?环加成Symmetry?forbidden-reaction?对称禁阻反应Synfacial?reaction?同面反应Antarafacial?reaction?异面反应Mobius?system?默比乌斯体系Leois?structure?路易斯结构Coordinate-covalent?bond?配位共价键Banana?bond?香蕉键Pauling?electronegativity?scale?鲍林电负性标度Polarizability?可极化性Inductive?effect?诱导效应Field?effect?场效应Electrical?effect?电场效应tautomerism?互变异构Tautomerization?互变异构化Keto-enol?tautomerism?酮-烯醇互变异构Phenol-keto?tautomerism?酚-酮互变异构Imine-enamine?atutomerism?亚胺-烯胺互变异构Ring-chain?tautomerism?环-链互变异构Valence?tautomerism?价互变异构Ambident?两可[的]Solvent?effect?溶剂效应Acid-base?catalyxed?reaction?酸性溶剂Basic?solvent?碱性溶剂Dielectric?constant?介电常数Solvated?electron?溶剂化电子Acid-base?catalyzed?reaction?酸碱催化反应Conjugate?base?共轭酸Conjugate?base?共轭碱Therm?odynamic?acidity?热力学酸度Kinetic?acidity?动力学酸度Electron?donof-acceptor?complex,EDAcomplex?电子给[体]受体络合物Host?主体Guest?客体Primary?isotope?effect?一级同位素效应Secondary?isotope?effect?二级同位数效应Inverse?isotope?effect?逆同位素效应Kinetic?control?动力学控制Thermodynamic?control?热力学控制Substrate?底物Intermediate?中间体Reactive?intermediate?活泼中间体Microscopic?reversibility?微观可逆性Hammond?postulate?哈蒙德假说Linear?free?energy?线性自由能Non-bonded?interaction?非键相互作用Torsional?effect?扭转效应Pitzer?strain?皮策张力Restricted?rotation?阻碍旋转Eclipsing?effect?重叠效应Eclipsing?strain?重叠张力Small-angle?strain?小角张力Large?angle?strain?大角张力Transannular?interaction?跨环相互作用Transannular?strain?跨环张力I?strain?内张力F?strain?前张力B?strain?后张力Anomeric?effect?端基异构效应Walden?inversion?瓦尔登反转Racemization?外消旋化Isoinversion?等反转Isoracemization?等消旋Homochiral?纯手性[的]Mechanism?机理Unimolecular?nucleophilic?单分子亲核取代Bimolecular?nucleophilic?sub-stitution?双分子亲核取代Bimolecular?nucleophilic?substi-tution(with?allylic?r earrange-ment)?双分子亲核取代（含烯丙型重排）Internal?nucleophilic?substiru-tion?分子内亲核取代Aromatic?nucleophilic?substitu-tion?芳香亲核取代Unimolecular?electrophilic?sub-stitution?单分子亲电取代Bimolecular?electrophilic?substi-tution?双分子亲电取代Nucleophile-assisted?unimolecu-lar?electrophilic?sub stitution?亲核体协助单分子亲电取代Unimolecular?elimination?单分子消除Bimolecular?elimination?双分子消除Unimolecular?elimination?through?the?conjugate?bas e?单分子共轭碱消除Bimolecular?elimination?through?the?conjugate?base?双分子共轭碱消除Bimolecular?elimination?with?for-mation?of?a?carbo nyl?group?双分子羰基形成消除Unimolecular?acid-catalyzed?acyl-oxygen?cleavage?单分子酸催化酰氧断裂Bimolecular?base-catalyzed?acyl-oxygen?cleavage?双分子碱催化酰氧断裂Unimolecular?acid-catalyzed?alkyl-oxygen?cleavage?单分子酸催化烷氧断裂Bimllecular?base-catalyzed?alkyl-oxygen?cleavage?双分子碱催化烷氧断裂π-allyl?complex?mechanism?π烯丙型络合机理Borderline?mechanism?边理机理Homolysis?均裂Heterolysis?异裂Heterolytic?michanism?异裂机理Counrer[gegen]ion?反荷离子Ion?pair?离子对Carbocation?碳正离子[?kɑ:b??kei??n]Nonclassical?carbocation?非经典碳正离子Carbanion?碳负离子[?kɑ:b?nai?n]Masked?carbanion?掩蔽碳负离子Carbenoid?卡宾体Carbene?卡宾[]Nitrene?氮宾[a] Carbine?碳炔[] Electrophilic?addition?亲电加成Electrophile?亲电体Diaxial?addition?双直键加成Markovnikov’s?rube?马尔科夫尼科规则Anti-Markovnikov?addition?反马氏加成Michael?addition?迈克尔加成Substitution?取代Electrophilic?substitution?亲电取代Addition-elimination?mechanism?加成消除机理[?mek?niz?m]Electrophilic?aromatic?substitu-tion?亲电芳香取代Electron?transfer?电子转移Electron-donating?group?给电子基团Electron-Withdrawing?group?吸电子基团Deactivating?group?钝化基团Orinentation?取向Ortho-para?directing?group?邻对位定位基Meta?directing?group?间位定位基Ortho?effect?邻位效应Partial?rate?factor?分速度系数Nucleophilic?reaction?亲核反应Internal?return?内返Nucleophilicity?亲核体Nucleophilicity?亲核性α-effect?α-效应Backside?attack?背面进攻Inversion?反转Umbrella?effect?伞效应Push-pull?effect?推拉效应Leaving?group?离去基团Electrofuge?离电体Nucleofuge?离核体Phase-transfer?catalysis?相转移催化Neighboring?group?participation?邻基基参与Neighboring?proup?assistance,anchimeric?assistance?邻助作用Neighboring?group?effect?邻基效应Apofacial?reaction?反面反应Briddgehead?displacement?桥头取代Aryl?action?芳正离子Benzyne?苯炔Zaitsev?rule?札依采夫规则Anti-Zaitsev?orientation?反札依采夫定向Hofmann’s?rule?霍夫曼规则Bredt?rule?布雷特规则Initiation?引发Anionic?cleavage?负离子裂解Partial?bond?fixation?键[的]部分固定化exothermic发热的，放出热量的[?eks?u?θ?:mik]各种反应类型Halogenations reaction卤化反应Hydrogenation reaction氢化反应Alkylation reaction烷基化（烃化）反应Hydrocarbylation 烃基化反应Oxidation and reduction reaction氧化还原反Reductive amination还原胺化反应Cross-coupling reaction交叉耦合反应Cycloaddition reaction环加成反应Rearrangement reaction重排反应Acylation reaction酰化反应Acetylization reaction乙酰化反应Amide reaction酰胺反应Sulfonylation磺酰化反应Nitration reaction硝化反应Esterification酯化反应Anhydride reaction酸酐反应Oximation reaction肟化反应Coupled（或coupling）reaction偶联反应1,3-dipolar cycloaddition 1,3-偶极环加成Pericyclic reaction周环反应Hydrolysis reaction 水解反应Ester hydrolysis 酯水解反应Hydrolytic-polymeric reaction水解聚合反应Dehydrogenation reaction脱氢反应Dehydrohalogenation reaction 脱卤化氢反应Dehydration reaction脱水反应Decarboxylation reaction脱羧反应Addition reaction加成反应Substitution reaction取代反应Cracking reaction 裂化反应Elimination reaction消除反应And metal response reaction与活泼金属反应Phase transfer catalytic reaction相转移催化反应Acid-base catalyzed reaction酸碱催化反应Polymerization reaction聚合反应Polycondensation reaction缩聚反应Condensation reaction 缩合反应Silver mirror reaction银镜反应Nucleophilic reaction亲核反应Electrophilic reaction亲电反应Nucleophilic cycloaddition reaction亲核环加成反应Nucleophilic substitution亲核取代反应Electrophilic substitution亲电取代反应Unimolecular electrophilic substitution单分子亲电取代反应Bimolecular electrophilic substitution双分子亲电取代反应Unimolecular elimination reaction单分子消除反应Bimolecular elimination reaction双分子消除反应Unimolecular nucleophilic substitution单分子亲核取代Bimolecular nucleophilic substitution双分子亲核取代反应Internal nucleophilic substitution分子内亲核取代Aromatic nucleophilic substitution reaction芳香亲核取代反应活化剂的中英文名称Bis(2-ethylhexyl)?sebacate?（癸二酸二仲辛酯；癸二酸二2-乙基己酯）Zinc?stearate?（硬脂酸锌）Suberic?acid?（辛二酸）Adipic?acid,?（己二酸）?Hexanedioic?acid,?（己二酸）Sebacic?acid,?dibutyl?ester?（癸二酸二丁酯）Abietic?acid?（松香酸）Lactic?acid?（乳酸）Poly(ethylene?glycol)?（聚乙二醇）Glycerol?stearate?（硬脂酸甘油酯）Imidazoline?（咪唑啉，间二氮杂环戊烯）-Pinene?（β-蒎烯，β-松油二环烯）Adipic?acid?（脂肪酸）Butyl?acetate?（乙酸丁酯）Ethylene?glycol?butyl?ether?（乙二醇丁醚）Sebacic?acid,?（癸二酸）Decanedioic?acid,?（癸二酸）Ethylene?glycol?ethyl?ether?（乙二醇乙醚）2-Butenedioic?acid?(E)-,?（2-丁烯二酸）Succinic?acid,?（琥珀酸，丁二酸）Ethylene?glycol?methyl?ether?（乙二醇甲醚）Acetyl?acetate?（乙酸乙酰脂）1H-Benzotriazole?（1-H-笨并三唑）?-Pinene?（α-蒎烯,α-松香二环烯）Salicylic?acid?(水杨酸)Iso-Propanol?(异丙醇)Benzoic?acid?(苯甲酸)Ethanol?(乙醇)Lysine?(赖氨酸)Glutamic?acid?(谷氨酸,2-氨基戊二酸)Glyceroyl,?（甘油酰）N,N,N',N'-Tetrakis-(2-hydroxypropyl)-ethylene-diami ne?（N，N，N，N-四（2-羟基丙基）乙烯二氨）Isoleucine,?（异亮氨酸）Decamethylenedicarboxylic?acid,?disalicyloylhydrazi de?（Tris(2,3-dibromopropyl)isocyanurate（3（2，3-2溴丙基）异氰尿酸盐）3-(N-Salicyloyl)amino-1,2,4-triazole?（3-（N-水杨酰）氨-1，2，4-三唑）Isocyanuric?acid?（异氰尿酸）Salicylamide?（水杨酰胺）Polyethylene?glycol?（聚乙二醇）Diethylene?glycol?diethyl?ether?（二甘醇二乙醚，（一缩）二乙二醇二乙醚）Butyl?carbitol?（丁基卡必醇）Ethyl?carbitol?（乙基卡必醇）Methyl?carbitol?（甲基卡必醇）Ethylene?glycol?monobutyl?ether?（乙二醇单丁醚）Glutaric?acid?（?戊二酸，谷酸）Succinic?acid?（琥珀酸，丁二酸）Citric?acid?（柠檬酸）Salicylic?acid?（水杨酸）Lactic?acid?（2-羟基丙酸，乳酸）Glycerin?monostearate?（甘油一硬脂酸）Pentaerythritol?（季戊四醇）tetrakis[?-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-phenyl)propion ate]?四[β-（3，5-二叔丁基-4-羟基-苯基）丙酸酯Dioctyl?sebacate?（癸二酸二辛酯）N-Methyl?pyrrolidone,?（N-甲基吡咯烷酮）Diethylene?glycol?ethyl?ether?（二甘醇乙醚）Propylene?glycol?（丙二醇?）Octanedioic?acid?（辛二酸?）Oleamide?（油酸酰胺）[olamine?乙醇胺]2-Mercapto?benzothiazole?（2-巯基-苯并噻唑）Nonanedioic?acid,?（壬二酸）cis-9-Octadecenoic?acid,?（顺式-9-十八炭烯酸，油酸）Sebacic?acid,?uses?（癸二酸）12-Hydroxy?stearic?acid?（十二羟基硬脂酸）Phthalic?acid?（苯二甲酸?）1,1,3-Tris(2-methyl-4-hydroxy-5-tert-butylphenyl)but ane（1，1，3-三（2-甲基-4-羟基-5-叔丁基苯基）丁烷）1,3,5-Trimethyl-2,4,6-tris(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy benzyl)benzene（1，3，5-三甲基-2，4，6-三（3，5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基）苯）1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone,?（1-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮）Carbonic?acid,?（碳酸）Phthalic?acid,?（苯二甲酸）Malic?acid?（苹果酸,羟基丁二酸）2,3-Dibromo-2-butene-1,4-diol?（2，3-二溴-2-丙烯-1，4-二醇）Cetylpyridinium?bromide?（溴代十六烷基吡啶）Pentanedioic?acid?（戊二酸）?pentanediol?(戊二醇)?pentanoic?acid?(?戊酸)?pentanol?(戊醇)Butanedioic?acid,?（丁二酸）1,2-Dibromoethylbenzene?（1，2-二溴乙基苯）Salicylic?acid,?（水杨酸）Stearic?acid?（硬脂酸）Pentanedioic?acid?（戊二酸）Maleic?acid,?（马来酸，失水苹果酸）Phthalic?acid,?（苯二甲酸）Tartaric?acid,?（酒石酸）Acetic?acid,?（乙酸）Polyoxyethylene?octylphenol?ether?（聚氧乙烯辛基酚醚，聚氧化亚乙基辛基分醚）Ethanedioic?acid,?（乙二酸）Polyethylene?glycol?（聚乙二醇）Diethylene?glycol?butyl?ether?（二甘醇丁醚）Diethylene?glycol?monoethyl?ether?（二甘醇单乙醚）Ethylene?glycol?monobutyl?ether?（乙二醇单丁醚）Pentaerythritol,?（季戊四醇）Diglycol,?（二甘醇，一缩二乙二醇）Hexylene?glycol?（己二醇）Ethylene?glycol,?（乙二醇）Glycerol,?（甘油,丙三醇）Cyclobutanediamine?（环丁烷二胺）Dibromobutenediol?（二溴丁二醇）Cyclohexanediamine?（环己烷二胺）Succinamide?（琥珀酰胺，丁二酸胺）Ethylenediamine,?（乙二胺）Triethanolamine,?（三乙醇胺）5-Aminoisophthalic?acid?（5-氨基间苯二甲酸）p-tert-Butylbenzoic?acid?（对叔丁基苯甲酸）Propionic?acid,?（丙酸）Benzoic?acid,?（安息香酸,?苯(甲)酸）Salicylamide?（水杨酰胺）Aniline,?（苯胺）Palmitic?acid,?（棕榈酸,?十六酸,?软脂酸）Glutamic?acid,?（谷氨酸）?Glutaric?acid?(谷酸，戊二酸)Glycine,?（甘氨酸，氨基乙酸）Malic?acid?（苹果酸,羟基丁二酸）Adipic?acid,?（己二酸）Diethanolamine?（二乙醇胺）Triethylamine,?（三乙胺）Malic?acid?（苹果酸）Oxalic?acid,?（草酸）Oleic?acid,?（油酸）Glutaric?acid?(谷氨酸)Sorbic?acid?（山梨酸）?sorbic?alcohol?(山梨醇)=sorbit?Reactant 反应物nProduct 产物nCatalyst 催化剂catalytic agent，catalyzerDegree Celsius摄氏度Sodium Borohydride硼氢化钠Lithium Aluminum Hydride (LAH)氢化铝锂Lithiumtrit-Butoxyaluminohydride?LiAlH(O t-C4H9)3叔丁氧基氢化铝锂Diisobutylaluminum Hydride AlH[CH2CH(CH3)2]2二异丙基氢化铝Diborane B2H6硼烷Reactive Metals 活泼金属如?Na, or Li, or K?，Mg or Al or Zn or Fe Potassium carbonate碳酸钾Sodium carbonate 碳酸钠Sodium bicarbonate 碳酸氢钠[]Sodium chloride氯化钠Sodium acetate 乙酸钠Sodium cyanide[?sa???na?d]氰化钠Sodium methoxide或Sodium methylate甲醇钠，甲氧基钠Sodium ethoxide[?s??di:?m i:?θ?ksaid]或Sodium ethylate[?s??di:?m ?eθileit]乙醇钠Sodium sulfate 硫酸钠Magnesium sulfate [m?g?ni:zi:?m ]硫酸镁Acetic acid乙酸Formic acid甲酸Ammonium format甲酸铵Formamide[f?:?m?mid]或formyl amide 甲酰胺formaldehyde甲醛[f?:?m?ld??ha?d]Methyl iodide碘甲烷Potassium iodide碘化钾[] Potassium chloride氯化钾Potassium cyanide[?sa???na?d]氰化钾Dimethyl sulfate硫酸二甲酯Palladium –carbon 钯碳Pd/C [p??leidi?m]Palladium chloride氯化钯Palladium diacetate醋酸钯Chloroacetone 氯丙酮Tetrabutyl ammonium bromide四丁基溴化铵Tetrabutyl ammonium fluoride四丁基氟化铵容器类：量杯 measuring cup烧杯 beaker 不锈钢杯stainless-steel beaker量筒 measuring flask/measuring cylinder 量筒graduated flask/measuring cylinder坩埚crucible 坩埚钳crucible clamp 坩埚crucible pot, melting pot试管 test tube 试管架 test tube holder漏斗 funnel 分液漏斗 separatory funnel烧瓶 flask 锥形瓶 conical flask塞子 stopper洗瓶 plastic wash bottle滴定管 burette玻璃活塞 stopcock冷凝器 condenser试剂瓶 reagent bottles玻棒 glass rod 搅拌棒stirring rod蒸馏烧瓶 distilling flask碘量瓶 iodine flask表面皿 watch glass蒸发皿 evaporating dish容量瓶 volumetric flask/measuring flask移液管 (one-mark) pipette 刻度移液管 graduated pipettes称量瓶weighing bottle吸液管pipette滤管filter天平 balance/scale分析天平 analytical balance台秤 platform balance游码 crossbeams and sliding weights酒精灯alcohol burner酒精喷灯blast alcohol burner搅拌装置 stirring device洗耳球 rubber suction bulb研磨钵 mortar 研磨棒 pestle 玛瑙研钵agate mortar瓷器 porcelain白细口瓶flint glass solution bottle with stopper滴瓶 dropping bottle 小滴管 dropper蒸馏装置distilling apparatus蒸发器 evaporator试验用器材：升降台lab jack铁架台iron support万能夹extension clamp蝴蝶夹double-buret clamp双顶丝clamp regular holder止水夹flatjaw pinchcock圆形漏斗架cast-iron ring移液管架pipet rack试管架tube rack沸石boiling stone橡胶管rubber tubing药匙lab spoon镊子forceps坩埚钳crucible tong剪刀scissor打孔器stopper borer石棉网asbestos-free wire gauze电炉丝wire coil for heater脱脂棉absorbent cottonphph试纸 universal ph indicator paper滤纸 filter paper称量纸weighing paper擦镜纸wiper for lens秒表stopwatch量杯glass graduates with scale白滴定管（酸） flint glass burette with glass stopcock棕色滴定管（酸） brown glass burette with glass stopcock白滴定管（碱） flint glass burette for alkali 棕色滴定管（碱） brown glass burette for alkali比重瓶specific gravity bottle水银温度计mercury-filled thermometerph计ph meter折光仪refractometer真空泵vacuum pump冷、热浴bath离心机centrifuge口罩respirator防毒面具respirator、gasmask磁力搅拌器magnetic stirrer电动搅拌器power basic stirrer烘箱oven闪点仪flash point tester马弗炉furnace电炉 heater微波炉电热套heating mantleBunsen burner 本生灯product 化学反应产物apparatus 设备PH indicator PH值指示剂,氢离子(浓度的)负指数指示剂matrass 卵形瓶litmus 石蕊litmus paper 石蕊试纸burette 滴定管。
有机化学英语词汇大全
有机化学专业词汇Angular methyl group 角甲基Alkylidene group 亚烷基Allyl group 烯丙基Allylic 烯丙型[的]Phenyl group 苯基Aryl group 芳基Benzyl group 苄基Benzylic 苄型[的]Activating group 活化基团Chromophore 生色团Auxochrome 助色团Magnetically anisotropic group 磁各向异性基团Smally ring 小环Common ring 普通环Medium rimg 中环Large ring 大环Bridged-ring system 桥环体系Spiro compound 螺环化合物Helical molecule 螺旋型分子Octahedral compound 八面体化合物Conjugation 共轭Conjugated-system 共轭体系Acyl cation 酰[基]正离子Benzylic cation 苄[基]正离子Arenirm ion 芳[基]正离子Ketyl radical 羰自由基Radical ion 自由基离子Radical cation 自由基正离子Radical anion 自由基负离子Isomerism 异构[现象]Aci form 酸式Fluxional structure 循变结构Stereochemistry 立体化学Optical activity 光学活性Dextro isomer 右旋异构体Laevo isomer 左旋异构体Tetrahedral configuration 四面体构型Stereoisomerism 立体异构[现象] Asymmetric atom 不对称原子Asymmetric carbon 不对称碳Pseudoasymmetric carbon 假不对称碳Phantom atom 虚拟原子Homotopic 等位[的]Heterotopic 异位[的]Enantiotopic 对映异位[腯Diastereotopic 非对映异位[的] Configuration 构型Absolute configuration 绝对构型Chirality 手性Chiral 手性[的]Chiral center 手性中心Chiral molecule 手性分子Achiral 非手性[的]Fischer projection 费歇尔投影式Neoman projection 纽曼投影式D-L system of nomenclature D-L命名体系R-S syytem of nomenclature R-S命名体系Cahn-Ingold-Prelon sequence 顺序规则Symmetry factor 对称因素Plane of symmetry 对称面Mirror symmetry 镜面对称Enantiomer 对映[异构]体Diastereomer 非对映[异构]体Epimer 差向异构体Anomer 端基[差向]异构体Erythro configuration 赤型构型Erythro isomer 赤型异构体Threo configuration 苏型构型Threo isomer 苏型异构体Trigonal carbon 三角型碳Cis-trans isomerism 顺反异构E isomer E异构体Z isomer Z异构体Endo isomer 内型异构体Exo isomer 外型异构体Prochirality 前手性Pro-R group 前R基团Pro-S proup 前S基团Re face Re面Si face Si面Racemic mixture 外消旋混合物Racemic compound 外消旋化合物Racemic solid solution 外消旋固体溶液Meso compound 内消旋化合物Quasi recemate 准外消旋体Conformation 构象Conformational 构象分析Torsion angle 扭转角Rotamer 旋转异构体Anti conformation 反式构象Bisecting conformation 等分构象Anti periplanar conformation 反叠构象Synperiplanar conformation 顺叠构象Synclinal conformation 反错构象Synclinal conformation 顺错构象Eclipsed conformation 重叠构象Gauche conformation, skew con-formation 邻位交叉构象Staggered conformation 对位交叉构象Steric effect 空间效应Steric hindrance 位阻Atropismer 阻转异构体Puckered ring 折叠环Conformational inversion 构象反转Chair conformation 椅型构象Boat conformation 船型构象Twist conformation 扭型构象Skew boat conformation 扭船型构象Half-chair conformation 半椅型构象Pseudorotation 假旋转Envelope conformation 信封[型]构象Axial bond 直[立]键Equatorial bond 平[伏]键Cisoid conformation 顺向构象Transoid conformation 反向构象Retention of configuration 构型保持Regioselectivity 区域选择性Regiospecificity 区域专一性Stereocelectivity 立体选择性Stereospecificty 立体专一性Conformer 构象异构体Conformational effect 构象效应Cram’s rube 克拉姆规则Prelog’rule 普雷洛格规则Stereochemical orientation 立体[化学]取向Conformational transmission 构象传递Homolog 同系物Ipso position 本位Ortho position 邻位Meta position 间位Para position 对位Amphi position 远位Peri position 近位Trigonal hybridization 三角杂化Molecular orbiral method 分子轨道法Valence bond method 价键法Delocalezed bond 离域键Cross conjugation 交叉共轭Vinylog 插烯物Mesomeric effect 中介效应Resonance 共振Resonance effect 共振效应Hyperconjugation 超共轭Isovalent hyperconjugation 等价超共轭No-bond resonance 无键共振Aromaticity 芳香性Aromatic sexter 芳香六隅Huckel’rule 休克尔规则Paramagnetic ring current 顺磁环电流Diamagnetic ring cruuent 抗磁环电流Homoaromaticity 同芳香性Antiaromaticity 反芳香性Alternant hydrocarbon 交替烃Non-alternant hydrocarbon 非交替烷Pericyclic reaction 周环反应Electrocyclic rearrangement 电环[化]重排Conrotatory 顺旋Disroatatory 对旋Cycloaddition 环加成Symmetry forbidden-reaction 对称禁阻反应Synfacial reaction 同面反应Antarafacial reaction 异面反应Mobius system 默比乌斯体系Leois structure 路易斯结构Coordinate-covalent bond 配位共价键Banana bond 香蕉键Pauling electronegativity scale 鲍林电负性标度Polarizability 可极化性Inductive effect 诱导效应Field effect 场效应Electrical effect 电场效应tautomerism 互变异构Tautomerization 互变异构化Keto-enol tautomerism 酮-烯醇互变异构Phenol-keto tautomerism 酚-酮互变异构Imine-enamine atutomerism 亚胺-烯胺互变异构Ring-chain tautomerism 环-链互变异构Valence tautomerism 价互变异构Ambident 两可[的]Solvent effect 溶剂效应Acid-base catalyxed reaction 酸性溶剂Basic solvent 碱性溶剂Dielectric constant 介电常数Solvated electron 溶剂化电子Acid-base catalyzed reaction 酸碱催化反应Conjugate base 共轭酸Conjugate base 共轭碱Therm odynamic acidity 热力学酸度Kinetic acidity 动力学酸度Electron donof-acceptor complex,EDAcomplex 电子给[体]受体络合物Host 主体Guest 客体Primary isotope effect 一级同位素效应Secondary isotope effect 二级同位数效应Inverse isotope effect 逆同位素效应Kinetic control 动力学控制Thermodynamic control 热力学控制Substrate 底物Intermediate 中间体Reactive intermediate 活泼中间体Microscopic reversibility 微观可逆性Hammond postulate 哈蒙德假说Linear free energy 线性自由能Non-bonded interaction 非键相互作用Torsional effect 扭转效应Pitzer strain 皮策张力Restricted rotation 阻碍旋转Eclipsing effect 重叠效应Eclipsing strain 重叠张力Small-angle strain 小角张力Large angle strain 大角张力Transannular interaction 跨环相互作用Transannular strain 跨环张力I strain 内张力F strain 前张力B strain 后张力Anomeric effect 端基异构效应Walden inversion 瓦尔登反转Racemization 外消旋化Isoinversion 等反转Isoracemization 等消旋Homochiral 纯手性[的]Mechanism 机理Unimolecular nucleophilic 单分子亲核取代Bimolecular nucleophilic sub-stitution 双分子亲核取代Bimolecular nucleophilic substi-tution(with allylic rearrange-ment) 双分子亲核取代（含烯丙型重排）Internal nucleophilic substiru-tion 分子内亲核取代Aromatic nucleophilic substitu-tion 芳香亲核取代Unimolecular electrophilic sub-stitution 单分子亲电取代Bimolecular electrophilic substi-tution 双分子亲电取代Nucleophile-assisted unimolecu-lar electrophilic substitution 亲核体协助单分子亲电取代Unimolecular elimination 单分子消除Bimolecular elimination 双分子消除Unimolecular elimination through the conjugate base 单分子共轭碱消除Bimolecular elimination through the conjugate base 双分子共轭碱消除Bimolecular elimination with for-mation of a carbonyl group 双分子羰基形成消除Unimolecular acid-catalyzed acyl-oxygen cleavage 单分子酸催化酰氧断裂Bimolecular base-catalyzed acyl-oxygen cleavage 双分子碱催化酰氧断裂Unimolecular acid-catalyzed alkyl-oxygen cleavage 单分子酸催化烷氧断裂Bimllecular base-catalyzed al- kyl-oxygen cleavage 双分子碱催化烷氧断裂π-allyl complex mechanism π烯丙型络合机理Borderline mechanism 边理机理Homolysis 均裂Heterolysis 异裂Heterolytic michanism 异裂机理Counrer[gegen]ion 反荷离子Ion pair 离子对Carbocation 碳正离子Nonclassical carbocation 非经典碳正离子Carbanion 碳负离子Masked carbanion 掩蔽碳负离子Carbenoid 卡宾体Carbene 卡宾Nitrene 氮宾Carbine 碳炔Electrophilic addition 亲电加成Electrophile 亲电体Diaxial addition 双直键加成Markovnikov’s rube 马尔科夫尼科规则Anti-Markovnikov addition 反马氏加成Michael addition 迈克尔加成Substitution 取代Electrophilic substitution 亲电取代Addition-elimination mechanism 加成消除机理Electrophilic aromatic substitu-tion 亲电芳香取代Electron transfer 电子转移Electron-donating group 给电子基团Electron-Withdrawing group 吸电子基团Deactivating group 钝化基团Orinentation 取向Ortho-para directing group 邻对位定位基Meta directing group 间位定位基Ortho effect 邻位效应Partial rate factor 分速度系数Nucleophilic reaction 亲核反应Internal return 内返Nucleophilicity 亲核体Nucleophilicity 亲核性α-effect α-效应Backside attack 背面进攻Inversion 反转Umbrella effect 伞效应Push-pull effect 推拉效应Leaving group 离去基团Electrofuge 离电体Nucleofuge 离核体Phase-transfer catalysis 相转移催化Neighboring group participation 邻基基参与Neighboring proup assistance,anchimeric assistance 邻助作用Neighboring group effect 邻基效应Apofacial reaction 反面反应Briddgehead displacement 桥头取代Aryl action 芳正离子Benzyne 苯炔Zaitsev rule 札依采夫规则Anti-Zaitsev orientation 反札依采夫定向Hofmann’s rule 霍夫曼规则Bredt rule 布雷特规则Initiation 引发Anionic cleavage 负离子裂解Partial bond fixation 键[的]部分固定化02．3有机化学反应Alkylation 烷基化C- alkylation C-烷基化O- alkylation O-烷基化N-alkylation N-烷基化Silylation 硅烷[基]化Exhaustive methylation 彻底甲基化Seco alkylation 断裂烷基化Demethylation 脱甲基化Ethylation 乙基化Arylation 芳基化Acylation 酰化Formylation 甲酰化Carbalkoxylation 烷氧羰基化Carboamidation 氨羰基化Carboxylation 羧基化Amination 氨基化Bisamination 双氨基化Cine substitution 移位取代Transamination 氨基交换Hydroxylation 羟基化acyloxyation 酰氧基化Decarboxylative nitration 脱羧卤化Allylic halogenation 烯丙型卤化Dehalogenation 脱卤Nitration 硝化Decarboxylative nitration 脱羧硝化Nitrosation 亚硝化Sulfonation 磺化Chlorosulfonation 氯磺酰化Desulfonation 脱磺酸基Sulfenylation 亚磺酰化Sulfonylation 磺酰化Chlorosulfenation 氯亚磺酰化Chlorocarbonylation 氯羰基化Diazotization 重氮化Diazo transfer 重氮基转移Coupling reaction 偶联反应Diazonium coupling 重氮偶联Cross-coupling reaction 交叉偶联反应1,4-addition 1，4-加成Conjugate addition 共轭加成Dimerization 二聚Trimefization 三聚Additive dimerization 加成二聚sulfurization 硫化Selenylation 硒化Hydroboration 硼氢化Oxyamination 羟氨基化Insertion 插入carbonylation 羧基化Hydroformylation 加氢甲酰基化Hydroacylation 加氢酰化Oxo process 羰基合成Decarbonylation 脱羰Hydrocarboxylation 氢羧基化Homologization 同系化Cyanoethylation 氰乙基化Decyanoethylation 脱氰乙基Ring clsure 环合Diene synthesis 双烯合成Dienophile 亲双烯体Endo addition 内型加成Exo addition 外型加成Diels-Alder reaction 第尔斯-尔德反应Retro Diels-Alder reaction 逆第尔斯-阿尔德反应Ene synthesis 单烯合成Anionic cycloaddition 负离子环加成Dipolar addition 偶极加成- elimination -消除- elimination -消除- elimination -消除-elimination -消除Dehydrohalogenation 脱卤化氢Deamination 脱氨基Pyrolytic elimination 热解消除Elimination-addition 消除-加成Decarboxylation 脱羧Decarboxamidation 脱酰胺Decyanation 脱氰基Alkylolysis,alkyl cleavage 烷基裂解Acylolysis,acyl cleavage 酰基裂解Flash pyrolysis 闪热裂Fragmentation 碎裂Chiletropic reaction 螯键反应Chelation 螯环化Esterification 酯化Transesterification 酯交换Saponification 皂化Alcoholysis 醇解Ethanolysis 乙醇解Cyanomethylation 氰甲基化Aminomethylation 氨甲基化Hydroxymethylation 羟甲基化Hydroxyalkylation 羟烷基化Cholromethylation 氯甲基化Haloalkylation 卤烷基化Transacetalation 缩醛交换Enolization 烯醇化Haloform reaction 卤仿反应Condensation 缩合Aldol condensation 羟醛缩合Cross aldol condensation 交叉羟醛缩合Retrograde aldol condensation 逆羟醛缩合Acyloin condensation 偶姻缩合Cyclization 环化Annulation,annelation 增环反应Spiroannulation 螺增环Autoxidation 自氧化Allylic hydroperoxylation 烯丙型氢过氧化Epoxidation 环氧化Oxonolysis 臭氧解Electrochemical oxidation 电化学氧化Oxidative decarboxylation 氧化脱羧Aromatization 芳构化Catalytic hydrogenation 催化氢化Heterogeneous hydrogenation 多相氢化Homogeneous hydrogenation 均相氢化Catalytic dehydrogenation 催化脱氢Transfer hydrogenation 转移氢化Hydrogenolysis 氢解Dissolving metal reduction 溶解金属还原Single electron transfer 单电子转移Bimolecular reduction 双分子还原Electrochemical reduction 电化学还原Reductive alkylation 还原烷基化Reductive acylation 还原酰化Reductive dimerization 还原二聚Deoxygenation 脱氧Desulfurization 脱硫Deselenization 脱硒Mitallation 金属化Lithiation 锂化Hydrometallation 氢金属化Mercuration 汞化Oxymercuration 羟汞化Aminomercuration 氨汞化Abstraction 夺取[反应]Internal abstraction 内夺取[反应] Rearrangement 重排Prototropic rearrangement 质了转移重排Double bond migration 双键移位Allylic migration 烯丙型重排Allylic migration 烯丙型迁移Ring contraction 环缩小[反应]Ring expansion,ring enlargement 扩环[反应] -ketol rearrangement -酮醇重排Pinacol rearrangement 频哪醇重排Retropinacol rearrangement 逆频哪醇重排Semipinacol rearrangement 半频哪醇重排Benzilic rearrangement 二苯乙醇酸重排Acyl rearrangement 酰基重排Migratory aptitude 迁移倾向Transannular insertion 跨环插入Transannular rearrangement 跨环重排Migration 迁移Prototropy 质子转移Cationotropic rearrangement 正离子转移重排Anionotropy 负离子转移Anionotropic rearrangement 负离子转移重排Sigmatropic rearrangement -迁移重排Homosigmatropic rearrangement 同迁移重排Electrophilic rearrangement 亲电重排Photosensitization 光敏化Forbidden transition 禁阻跃迁photooxidation 光氧化Photoisomerization 光异构化Photochemical rearrangement 光化学重排有机化合物类名Aliphatic compound 脂肪族化合物Hpdrocarbon 碳氢化合物Alkane 烷Wax 蜡Paraffin wax 石蜡Alkene 烯Alkyen 炔Acetylide 炔化物Active hydrogen compounds 活泼氢化合物Carbon acid 碳氢酸Super acid 超酸Diene 双烯Triene 三烯Allene 丙二烯Ccumulene 累积多烯Enyne 烯炔Diyne 二炔Alkyl halide 卤代烷Alcohol 醇Homoallylic alcohol 高烯丙醇Ether 醚Epoxide 环氧化物Cellosolve 溶纤剂Crown ether 冠醚Netro compound 硝基化合物Amine 胺Quaternaryammonium compound 季铵化合物Amine oxide 氧化胺Diazoalkane 重氮烷Mercaptan 硫醇Sulfonic acid 磺酸Sulfoxide 亚砜Sulfone 砜Aldehyde 醛Detone 酮Aldehyde hydrate 醛水合物Ketone hydrate 酮水合物Hemiacetal 半缩醛Acetal 缩醛acetal[化]乙缩醛, 乙缩醛二乙醇Ketal 缩酮Dithiane 二噻烷Aminal 缩醛胺imine 亚胺Aldimine 醛亚胺Oxime 肟Aldimine 醛肟Oxime 亚硝基化合物aldoxime 硝酮Hydrazone 腙Azine 嗪Semicarbazone 缩氯基脲Cyanohydrin 羟腈Pinacol 频哪醇Enol 烯醇Enol ether 烯醇醚Enol ester 烯醇酯Enamine 烯胺Ynamine 炔胺Mannich base 曼尼希碱Carboxylic acid 羧酸Ester 酯orthoester 原酸酯Acyl halide 酰卤Acyl fluoride 酰氟Acyl chloride 酰氯Acyl rtomide 酰溴Acyl iodide 酰碘Carbobenzoxy chloride 苄氧甲酰氯Acyl tosylate 酰基对甲苯磺酸酐Ketene 乙烯酮Peracid 过酸Perester 过酸酯Acyl peroxide 酰基过氧化物Nitrile 腈Nitrile oxide 氧化腈Isonitrile 异腈Amide 酰胺Imide 二酰亚胺N-bromo compound N-溴化物Hydrazide 酰肼Acyl azide 酰叠氮Amidine 脒Keto ester 酮酸酯Acyl cyanide 酰腈Carbon suboxide 二氧化三碳Glycidic acid 环氧丙酸Carbammic acid 氨基甲酸Carbamate 氨基甲酸酯Urea 脲Cyanamide 氨腈Carbodiimide 碳二亚胺Allophanate 脲基甲酸酯Thioester 硫代酸酯Thiol acid 硫羰酸Lactone 内酯Lactol 内半缩醛Macrolide 大环内酯Amino acid 氨基酸Zwitterions 两性离子Inner salt 内盐Betaine 甜菜碱Lactam 内酰胺Hydantion 乙内酰脲Peptide 肽Glycol 二醇Aldol 羟醛Acyloin 偶姻Carbohydrate 碳水化合物Aldose 醛糖Ketose 酮糖Furanose 呋喃糖Pyranose 吡喃糖Glycoside 糖苷Glucoside 葡[萄]糖苷Aglycon 苷元Saccharide 糖类Oligosaccharide 寡糖Polysaccharide 多糖Alditol 糖醇Osazone 脎Alicyclic compound 脂环化合物Cycloalkene 环烷Spirane 环烯Cage compound 螺烷Propellane 笼型化合物Rotazane 螺桨烷Catenane 轮烷Rused ring 索烃化学专业英语词汇常用前后缀-acetal 醛缩醇acetal- 乙酰acid 酸-al 醛alcohol 醇-aldehyde 醛alkali- 碱allyl 丙烯基 'alkoxy- 烷氧基-amide 酰胺amino- 氨基的-amidine 脒-amine 胺-ane 烷anhydride 酐anilino- 苯胺基aquo- 含水的-ase 酶-ate 含氧酸的盐、酯-atriyne 三炔azo- 偶氮benzene 苯bi- 在盐类前表示酸式盐bis- 双-borane 硼烷bromo- 溴butyl 丁基 .-carbinol 甲醇carbonyl 羰基-caboxylic acid 羧酸centi- 10-2chloro- 氯代cis- 顺式condensed 缩合的、冷凝的cyclo- 环deca- 十deci 10-1二-dine 啶dodeca- 十二-ene 烯epi- 表epoxy- 环氧-ester 酯-ether 醚ethoxy- 乙氧基ethyl 乙基fluoro- 氟代form 仿-glycol 二醇hemi- 半hendeca- 十一hepta- 七heptadeca- 十七hexa- 六hexadeca- 十六-hydrin 醇hydro- 氢或水hydroxyl 羟基hypo- 低级的，次-ic 酸的，高价金属-ide 无氧酸的盐，酰替胺，酐-il 偶酰-imine 亚胺iodine 碘iodo- 碘代iso- 异，等，同-ite 亚酸盐keto- 酮ketone 酮-lactone 内酯mega- 106meta- 间，偏methoxy- 甲氧基methyl 甲基micro- 10-6milli- 10-3mono- ( mon-) 一，单nano- 10-9nitro- 硝基nitroso- 亚硝基nona- 九nonadeca- 十九octa- 八octadeca- 十八-oic 酸的-ol 醇9 a$ f! Q, H: [5 n& G-one 酮ortho- 邻，正，原-ous 亚酸的，低价金属oxa- 氧杂-oxide 氧化合物-oxime 肟oxo- 酮oxy- 氧化-oyl 酰para- 对位，仲penta- 五pentadeca- 十五per- 高，过petro- 石油phenol 苯酚phenyl 苯基pico- 10-12 poly- 聚，多quadri- 四quinque- 五semi- 半septi- 七sesqui 一个半***i- 六sulfa- 磺胺sym- 对称syn- 顺式，同，共ter- 三 -tetra- 四tetradeca- 十四tetrakis- 四个thio- 硫代trans- 反式，超，跨tri- 三thio- 硫代trans- 反式，超，跨tri- 三trideca- 十三tris- 三个undeca- 十一 .uni- 单，一unsym- 不对称的，偏位-yl 基-ylene 撑(二价基，价在不同原子上)-yne 炔活化剂的中英文名称Bis(2-ethylhexyl) sebacate （癸二酸二仲辛酯；癸二酸二2-乙基己酯）Zinc stearate （硬脂酸锌）Suberic acid （辛二酸）Adipic acid, （己二酸）Hexanedioic acid, （己二酸）Sebacic acid, dibutyl ester （癸二酸二丁酯）Abietic acid （松香酸）Lactic acid （乳酸）Poly(ethylene glycol) （聚乙二醇）Glycerol stearate （硬脂酸甘油酯）Imidazoline （咪唑啉，间二氮杂环戊烯）-Pinene （β-蒎烯，β-松油二环烯）Adipic acid （脂肪酸）Butyl acetate （乙酸丁酯）Ethylene glycol butyl ether （乙二醇丁醚）Sebacic acid, （癸二酸）Decanedioic acid, （癸二酸）Ethylene glycol ethyl ether （乙二醇乙醚）2-Butenedioic acid (E)-, （2-丁烯二酸）Succinic acid, （琥珀酸，丁二酸）Ethylene glycol methyl ether （乙二醇甲醚）Acetyl acetate （乙酸乙酰脂）1H-Benzotriazole （1-H-笨并三唑）-Pinene （α-蒎烯,α-松香二环烯）Salicylic acid (水杨酸)Iso-Propanol (异丙醇)Benzoic acid (苯甲酸)Ethanol (乙醇)Lysine (赖氨酸)Glutamic acid (谷氨酸,2-氨基戊二酸)Glyceroyl, （甘油酰）N,N,N',N'-Tetrakis-(2-hydroxypropyl)-ethylene-diamine （N，N，N，N-四（2-羟基丙基）乙烯二氨）Isoleucine, （异亮氨酸）Decamethylenedicarboxylic acid, disalicyloylhydrazide （Tris(2,3-dibromopropyl)isocyanurate（3（2，3-2溴丙基）异氰尿酸盐）3-(N-Salicyloyl)amino-1,2,4-triazole （3-（N-水杨酰）氨-1，2，4-三唑）Isocyanuric acid （异氰尿酸）Salicylamide （水杨酰胺）Polyethylene glycol （聚乙二醇）Diethylene glycol diethyl ether （二甘醇二乙醚，（一缩）二乙二醇二乙醚）Butyl carbitol （丁基卡必醇）Ethyl carbitol （乙基卡必醇）Methyl carbitol （甲基卡必醇）Ethylene glycol monobutyl ether （乙二醇单丁醚）Glutaric acid （戊二酸，谷酸）Succinic acid （琥珀酸，丁二酸）Citric acid （柠檬酸）Salicylic acid （水杨酸）Lactic acid （2-羟基丙酸，乳酸）Glycerin monostearate （甘油一硬脂酸）Pentaerythritol （季戊四醇）tetrakis[-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-phenyl)propionate] 四[β-（3，5-二叔丁基-4-羟基-苯基）丙酸酯Dioctyl sebacate （癸二酸二辛酯）N-Methyl pyrrolidone, （N-甲基吡咯烷酮）Diethylene glycol ethyl ether （二甘醇乙醚）Propylene glycol （丙二醇）Octanedioic acid （辛二酸）Oleamide （油酸酰胺）[olamine 乙醇胺]2-Mercapto benzothiazole （2-巯基-苯并噻唑）Nonanedioic acid, （壬二酸）cis-9-Octadecenoic acid, （顺式-9-十八炭烯酸，油酸）Sebacic acid, uses （癸二酸）12-Hydroxy stearic acid （十二羟基硬脂酸）Phthalic acid （苯二甲酸）1,1,3-Tris(2-methyl-4-hydroxy-5-tert-butylphenyl)butane （1，1，3-三（2-甲基-4-羟基-5-叔丁基苯基）丁烷）1,3,5-Trimethyl-2,4,6-tris(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl) benzene（1，3，5-三甲基-2，4，6-三（3，5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基）苯）1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone, （1-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮）Carbonic acid, （碳酸）Phthalic acid, （苯二甲酸）Malic acid （苹果酸,羟基丁二酸）2,3-Dibromo-2-butene-1,4-diol （2，3-二溴-2-丙烯-1，4-二醇）Cetylpyridinium bromide （溴代十六烷基吡啶）Pentanedioic acid （戊二酸） pentanediol (戊二醇) pentanoic acid ( 戊酸) pentanol (戊醇)Butanedioic acid, （丁二酸）1,2-Dibromoethylbenzene （1，2-二溴乙基苯）Salicylic acid, （水杨酸）Stearic acid （硬脂酸）Pentanedioic acid （戊二酸）Maleic acid, （马来酸，失水苹果酸）Phthalic acid, （苯二甲酸）Tartaric acid, （酒石酸）Acetic acid, （乙酸）Polyoxyethylene octylphenol ether （聚氧乙烯辛基酚醚，聚氧化亚乙基辛基分醚）Ethanedioic acid, （乙二酸）Polyethylene glycol （聚乙二醇）Diethylene glycol butyl ether （二甘醇丁醚）Diethylene glycol monoethyl ether （二甘醇单乙醚）Ethylene glycol monobutyl ether （乙二醇单丁醚）Pentaerythritol, （季戊四醇）Diglycol, （二甘醇，一缩二乙二醇）Hexylene glycol （己二醇）Ethylene glycol, （乙二醇）Glycerol, （甘油,丙三醇）Cyclobutanediamine （环丁烷二胺）Dibromobutenediol （二溴丁二醇）Cyclohexanediamine （环己烷二胺）Succinamide （琥珀酰胺，丁二酸胺）Ethylenediamine, （乙二胺）Triethanolamine, （三乙醇胺）5-Aminoisophthalic acid （5-氨基间苯二甲酸）p-tert-Butylbenzoic acid （对叔丁基苯甲酸）Propionic acid, （丙酸）Benzoic acid, （安息香酸, 苯(甲)酸）Salicylamide （水杨酰胺）Aniline, （苯胺）Palmitic acid, （棕榈酸, 十六酸, 软脂酸）Glutamic acid, （谷氨酸） Glutaric acid (谷酸，戊二酸) Glycine, （甘氨酸，氨基乙酸）Malic acid （苹果酸,羟基丁二酸）Adipic acid, （己二酸）Diethanolamine （二乙醇胺）Triethylamine, （三乙胺）Malic acid （苹果酸）Oxalic acid, （草酸）Oleic acid, （油酸）Glutaric acid (谷氨酸)Sorbic acid （山梨酸）sorbic alcohol (山梨醇)=sorbitRoute [`raut]【路线】Strategy ['strætidʒi]【策略】Rearrangement [ˏri:ә'reindʒmәnt]【重排】Asymmetric ['eisi'metrik]【不对称】Migration [mai'greiʃәn]【迁移】Mechanism ['mekәnizәm]【机理】Substrate ['sʌbstreit]【底物、培养基】Synthesis ['sinθisis]【合成】Labile ['leibail]【不稳定的】Azeotropic [әˏzi:ә'trɔpik]【共沸的】Scheme [ski:m]【图示】Derivative [di'rivәtiv]【衍生物】Analogous [ә'nælәgәs]【类似物】Primary ['praimәri]【伯-】Secondary ['sekәndәri]【仲-】Tertiary ['tә:ʃәri]【叔-】Functional ['fʌŋkʃәnl] group【官能团】Catalyst [`kætәlist] 【催化剂】Catalysis [kә`tælisis]【催化（作用）】Catalytical [kætә`litikәl] 【催化的】Hydrogenolysis [ˏhaidrәudʒә'nɔlәsis]【氢化】Hydrogenous [hai'drɔdʒinәs] 【含氢的】pericyclic [peri'saiklik] reaction【周环反应】transition [træn'ziʒәn] state 【过渡态】homolysis [hɔ'mɔlisis] 【均裂】heterolysis [ˏhetә'rɔlisis] 【异裂】homogeneous [ˏhɔmәu'dʒi:njәs]【均相的】heterogeneous [ˏhetәrәu'dʒi:niәs] 【非均相的】Steric ['sterik] hindrance[`hindrәns] 【立体位阻】Lipophilic [ˏlipә`filik]【亲脂性的】chiral [`kairәl] 【手性的】electrophile [i`lektrәfail] 【亲电试剂】nucleophilic [ˏnju:kliәu'filik]【亲核的】hydrolysis [hai`drɔlisis] 【水解(作用)】acidolysis [ˏæsi`dɔlisis] 【酸解(作用)】displacement [dis'pleismәnt] 【取代】formalin ['fɔ:mәlin] 【甲醛溶液】dilute [dai'lju:t] 【稀释】dehydrate [di:'haidreit] 【脱水】dilation [dai'leiʃәn]【膨胀】saponification [sәpɔnifi'keiʃәn]【皂化】emulsification [iˏmʌlsifi'keiʃәn] 【乳化】reactant [ri:'æktәnt]【反应物】adduct [ә'dʌkt]【加合物】dissolve [di'zɔlv]【溶解】degradation [ˏdegrә'deiʃәn]【降解】mild [maild]【（反应）温和的】harsh [hɑ:ʃ] 【（反应）苛刻的】racemic [rә'si:mik]【消旋的】substituent [sʌb'stitjuәnt]【取代基】conjugation [ˏkɔndʒu'geiʃәn]【偶和】equivalent [i'kwivәlәnt]【当量的】volatile ['vɔlәtail]【易挥发的】susceptible [sә'septәbl]【易受影响的】in large scale【大量】protease ['prәutieis]【蛋白酶】side chain【侧链】Impuritiy [im'pjuәriti]【杂质】Component [kәm'pәunәnt]【组分】Tare [tєә]【去皮】Syringe ['sirindʒ]【注射器】Concentrate ['kɔnsentreit]【浓缩】Aqueous ['eikwiәs]【水相（的）】Methodology [meθә'dɔlәdʒi]【方法学】Precursor [pri(:)'kә:sә] 【前体】Separation [sepә'reiʃәn]【分离】Purification [ˏpjuәrifi'keiʃәn]【纯化】Recrystallization ['rikristәlai'zeiʃәn]【重结晶】Crystalline ['kristәlain]【晶体】Distillation [ˏdisti'leiʃәn]【蒸馏】Sublimation [ˏsʌbli'meiʃәn] 【升华】Microwave ['maikrәuweiv]【微波】Infrared ['infrә'red]【红外】ultraviolet ['ʌltrә'vaiәlit] active【紫外显色】isotope ['aisәutәup] 【同位素】isomer ['aisɔmә] 【同分异构体】Isomerization [aiˏsɔmәrai'zeiʃәn]【异构化】Transformation [ˏtrænsfә'meiʃәn]【转化】Stability [stә'biliti]【稳定性】Poisoned ['pɔiznd]【中毒的】Filter ['filtә]【过滤器】Filtration [fil'treiʃәn]【过滤】Filtrate ['filtreit]【滤液】Filter Cake【滤饼】Eluent ['eljuәnt]【淋洗液】hin-layer-chromatography [ˏkrәumә'tɔgrәfi] TLC【薄层色谱】Preparative [pri'pærәtiv] TLC【制备薄层色谱】HPLC【高效液相色谱】LC-MS【液质联用仪】Protic ['prәutik]【质子的】Aprotic[ә'prәutik]【非质子的】Decompose [ˏdi:kәm'pәuz]【分解】Removal [ri'mu:vәl]【除去】Reduced [ri'dju:st] pressure 【减压】Vacuum ['vækjuәm] 【真空】Elimination [iˏlimi'neiʃәn]【消除】Addition [ә'diʃәn]【添加、加成】Ligand ['laigәnd]【配体】Stopper ['stɔpә]【塞子】Separatory/ addition/ Büchner funnel ['fʌnәl]【分液/加料/布什】column chromatography【柱层析】Run column【用柱层析分离】Stopcock ['stɔpkɔk] 【旋塞阀】Condenser [kәn'densә]【冷凝管】Chamber ['tʃei mbә]【（薄层用）展缸】Bench [bentʃ] 【实验台】Hood [hud] 【通风橱】Rotavapor [ˏrәutә'veipә]【旋蒸】Evaporation [iˏvæpә'reiʃәn] 【蒸发】vacuum hose [hәuz]【真空管】silicon ['silikәn] oil bath 【（硅）油浴】sink [siŋk]【水槽】neutralize ['nju:trәlaiz]【中和】stir bar 【搅拌子】Dry ice trap【干冰冷阱】Glovebox [glʌvә'bɔks]【手套箱】vacuum pump [pʌmp]【真空泵】spatula ['spætjulә] 【刮刀】miscible ['misibl]【混溶的】Quench [kwentʃ]【淬灭】Purging ['pә:dʒiŋ]【鼓气】Titration [tai'treiʃәn]【滴定】Trituration [tritju'reiʃәn]【研磨】Dessicator ['desikeitә:]【干燥剂】Hygroscopic [ˏhaigrәu'skɔpik] 【吸湿的】Lachrymator ['lækriˏmeitә]【催泪剂】DI (de-ion) water【去离子水】Stoichiometric [ˏstɔikiәuˋmєtrik]【化学量的】Volumetric [vɔlju'metrik] 【测体积的】Weighing ['weiiŋ] paper【称量纸】Mechanical [mi'kænikl] stirring apparatus [ˏæpә'reitәs]【机械搅拌装置】heating mental ['mentl] 【加热套】Eclipse [i'klips] 【使失色】Anomeric ['ænәˏmerik] Effect 【端基异构效应】Equatorial [ˏekwә'tɔ:riәl]【平伏（键）的】Axial ['æksiәl]【直立（键）的】Gauche [gәuʃ] 【构象】Thermodynamic ['θә:mәudai'næmik]【热力学的】Kinetic [kai'netik]【动力学的】Enantioselective [eˏnæntiәsi'lektiv]【对映选择性的】Diastereotopic [ˏdaiәstiәriә'tɔpik] 【非对映的】Chemoselectivity 【化学选择性】Regioselective ['ri:dʒәu si'lektiv] 【区域选择性的】Stereoselectivity [ˏstiәriәˏsilek'tiviti]【立体选择性】Synthon ['sinθɔn]【合成子】Nitrosation [naitrә'seiʃә:n] 【亚硝化】Tautomer ['tɔ:tәmә]【（互变）异构体】Confirmation [ˏkɔnfɔ:'meiʃәn] 【构型】Equilibrium [ˏi:kwi'libriәm]【平衡】pyrolysis [ˏpaiә'rɔlisis] 【热解】ozonolysis [ ,әuzәu'nɔlisis ] 【臭氧分解】conversion [kәn'vә:ʃәn] ratio ['reiʃiәu] 【转化率】Deprotection【脱保护】Introduction【引入】Cleavage【分离，脱除】。
有机化学英语专业词汇
有机化学英语专业词汇organic compounds有机化合物compounds of carbon碳化合物hydrocarbons and their derivatives 碳氢化合物及其衍生物organic chemistry有机化学structure of molecule分子结构chemical bond化学键covalent bond共价键hybrid orbital杂化轨道bond length键长bond angle键角bond energy键能polarity极性dissociation energy离解能constitution构造contiguration构型conformation构象stereochemistry立体化学tetrahedral正四面体cis-顺trans-反isomerism同分异构现象isomer异构体stereoisomer立体异构constitutional isomer构造异构structural formula结构式octet八隅体perspective透视式eclipsed conformation重叠式构象staggered conformation交叉式构象newman projection纽曼投影式functional group官能团chain compoud链状化合物carbocyclic compound碳环化合物heterocyclic compound杂环化合物dipole-dipole interactions偶极-偶极相互作用van der Waals forces范德华力hydrogen bonding氢键dipole moment偶极矩electronegativity电负性physical property物理性质melting point熔点boiling point沸点reaction mechanism反应机理homolysis均裂free redical自由基heterolysis异裂ionic type离子型electrophilic reagent亲电试剂electrophilic reaction亲电反应nucleophilic reagent亲核试剂nucleophilic reaction亲核反应物理化学英语词汇19203137发表于:2008-5-0822:31来源:化学吧-化学论坛-学术论坛BET公式BET formulaDL VO理论DLVO theoryHLB法hydrophile-lipophile balance methodpVT性质pVT propertyζ电势zeta potential阿伏加德罗常数Avogadro’number阿伏加德罗定律Avogadro law阿累尼乌斯电离理论Arrhenius ionization theory阿累尼乌斯方程Arrhenius equation阿累尼乌斯活化能Arrhenius activation energy阿马格定律Amagat law艾林方程Erying equation爱因斯坦光化当量定律Einstein’s law of photochemical equivalence爱因斯坦－斯托克斯方程Einstein-Stokes equation安托万常数Antoine constant安托万方程Antoine equation盎萨格电导理论Onsager’s theory of conductance半电池half cell半衰期half time period饱和液体saturated liquids饱和蒸气saturated vapor饱和吸附量saturated extent ofadsorption饱和蒸气压saturated vapor pressure爆炸界限explosion limits比表面功specific surface work比表面吉布斯函数specific surface Gibbs function比浓粘度reduced viscosity标准电动势standard electromotive force 标准电极电势standard electrode potential标准摩尔反应焓standard molar reaction enthalpy标准摩尔反应吉布斯函数standard Gibbs function of molar reaction标准摩尔反应熵standard molar reaction entropy标准摩尔焓函数standard molar enthalpy function标准摩尔吉布斯自由能函数standard molar Gibbs free energy function标准摩尔燃烧焓standard molar combustion enthalpy标准摩尔熵standard molar entropy标准摩尔生成焓standard molar formation enthalpy标准摩尔生成吉布斯函数standard molar formation Gibbs function标准平衡常数standard equilibrium constant标准氢电极standard hydrogen electrode 标准态standard state标准熵standard entropy标准压力standard pressure标准状况standard condition表观活化能apparent activation energy表观摩尔质量apparent molecular weight表观迁移数apparent transference number 表面surfaces表面过程控制surface process control表面活性剂surfactants表面吸附量surface excess 表面张力surface tension表面质量作用定律surface mass action law波义尔定律Boyle law波义尔温度Boyle temperature波义尔点Boyle point玻尔兹曼常数Boltzmann constant玻尔兹曼分布Boltzmann distribution玻尔兹曼公式Boltzmann formula玻尔兹曼熵定理Boltzmann entropy theorem玻色－爱因斯坦统计Bose-Einstein statistics泊Poise不可逆过程irreversible process不可逆过程热力学thermodynamics of irreversible processes不可逆相变化irreversible phase change 布朗运动brownian movement查理定律Charle’s law产率yield敞开系统open system超电势over potential沉降sedimentation沉降电势sedimentation potential沉降平衡sedimentation equilibrium触变thixotropy粗分散系统thick disperse system催化剂catalyst单分子层吸附理论mono molecule layer adsorption单分子反应unimolecular reaction单链反应straight chain reactions弹式量热计bomb calorimeter道尔顿定律Dalton law道尔顿分压定律Dalton partial pressure law德拜和法尔肯哈根效应Debye and Falkenhagen effect德拜立方公式Debye cubic formula德拜－休克尔极限公式Debye-Huckel’slimiting equation等焓过程isenthalpic process等焓线isenthalpic line等几率定理theorem of equal probability 等温等容位Helmholtz free energy等温等压位Gibbs free energy等温方程equation at constant temperature低共熔点eutectic point低共熔混合物eutectic mixture低会溶点lower consolute point低熔冰盐合晶cryohydric第二类永动机perpetual machine of the second kind第三定律熵third-law entropy第一类永动机perpetual machine of the first kind缔合化学吸附association chemical adsorption电池常数cell constant电池电动势electromotive force of cells 电池反应cell reaction电导conductance电导率conductivity电动势的温度系数temperature coefficient of electromotive force电动电势zeta potential电功electric work电化学electrochemistry电化学极化electrochemical polarization 电极电势electrode potential电极反应reactions on the electrode电极种类type of electrodes电解池electrolytic cell电量计coulometer电流效率current efficiency电迁移electro migration电迁移率electromobility电渗electroosmosis电渗析electrodialysis电泳electrophoresis 丁达尔效应Dyndall effect定容摩尔热容molar heat capacity under constant volume定容温度计Constant voIume thermometer定压摩尔热容molar heat capacity under constant pressure定压温度计constant pressure thermometer定域子系统localized particle system动力学方程kinetic equations动力学控制kinetics control独立子系统independent particle system 对比摩尔体积reduced mole volume对比体积reduced volume对比温度reduced temperature对比压力reduced pressure对称数symmetry number对行反应reversible reactions对应状态原理principle of corresponding state多方过程polytropic process多分子层吸附理论adsorption theory of multi-molecular layers二级反应second order reaction二级相变second order phase change法拉第常数faraday constant法拉第定律Faraday’s law反电动势back E.M.F.反渗透reverse osmosis反应分子数molecularity反应级数reaction orders反应进度extent of reaction反应热heat of reaction反应速率rate of reaction反应速率常数constant of reaction rate 范德华常数van der Waals constant范德华方程van der Waals equation范德华力van der Waals force范德华气体van der Waals gases范特霍夫方程van’t Hoff equation范特霍夫规则van’t Hoff rule范特霍夫渗透压公式van’t Hoff equation of osmotic pressure非基元反应non-elementary reactions非体积功non-volume work非依时计量学反应time independent stoichiometric reactions菲克扩散第一定律Fick’s first law of diffusion沸点boiling point沸点升高elevation of boiling point费米－狄拉克统计Fermi-Dirac statistics 分布distribution分布数distribution numbers分解电压decomposition voltage分配定律distribution law分散系统disperse system分散相dispersion phase分体积partial volume分体积定律partial volume law分压partial pressure分压定律partial pressure law分子反应力学mechanics of molecular reactions分子间力intermolecular force分子蒸馏molecular distillation封闭系统closed system附加压力excess pressure弗罗因德利希吸附经验式Freundlich empirical formula of adsorption负极negative pole负吸附negative adsorption复合反应composite reaction盖·吕萨克定律Gay-Lussac law盖斯定律Hess law甘汞电极calomel electrode感胶离子序lyotropic series杠杆规则lever rule高分子溶液macromolecular solution高会溶点upper consolute point隔离法the isolation method 格罗塞斯－德雷珀定律Grotthus-Draoer’s law隔离系统isolated system根均方速率root-mean-square speed功work功函work content共轭溶液conjugate solution共沸温度azeotropic temperature构型熵configurational entropy孤立系统isolated system固溶胶solid sol固态混合物solid solution固相线solid phase line光反应photoreaction光化学第二定律the second law of actinochemistry光化学第一定律the first law of actinochemistry光敏反应photosensitized reactions光谱熵spectrum entropy广度性质extensive property广延量extensive quantity广延性质extensive property规定熵stipulated entropy过饱和溶液oversaturated solution过饱和蒸气oversaturated vapor过程process过渡状态理论transition state theory过冷水super-cooled water过冷液体overcooled liquid过热液体overheated liquid亥姆霍兹函数Helmholtz function亥姆霍兹函数判据Helmholtz function criterion亥姆霍兹自由能Helmholtz free energy 亥氏函数Helmholtz function焓enthalpy亨利常数Henry constant亨利定律Henry law恒沸混合物constant boiling mixture恒容摩尔热容molar heat capacity atconstant volume恒容热heat at constant volume恒外压constant external pressure恒压摩尔热容molar heat capacity at constant pressure恒压热heat at constant pressure化学动力学chemical kinetics化学反应计量式stoichiometric equation of chemical reaction化学反应计量系数stoichiometric coefficient of chemical reaction化学反应进度extent of chemical reaction化学亲合势chemical affinity化学热力学chemical thermodynamics化学势chemical potential化学势判据chemical potential criterion 化学吸附chemisorptions环境environment环境熵变entropy change in environment 挥发度volatility混合熵entropy of mixing混合物mixture活度activity活化控制activation control活化络合物理论activated complex theory离子强度ionic strength理想混合物perfect mixture理想气体ideal gas接触电势contact potential接触角contact angle节流过程throttling process节流膨胀throttling expansion节流膨胀系数coefficient of throttling expansion结线tie line结晶热heat of crystallization解离化学吸附dissociation chemical adsorption界面interfaces 界面张力surface tension浸湿immersion wetting浸湿功immersion wetting work精馏rectify聚（合）电解质polyelectrolyte聚沉coagulation聚沉值coagulation value绝对反应速率理论absolute reaction rate theory绝对熵absolute entropy绝对温标absolute temperature scale绝热过程adiabatic process绝热量热计adiabatic calorimeter绝热指数adiabatic index卡诺定理Carnot theorem卡诺循环Carnot cycle开尔文公式Kelvin formula柯诺瓦洛夫－吉布斯定律Konovalov-Gibbs law科尔劳施离子独立运动定律Kohlrausch’s Law of Independent Migration of Ions可能的电解质potential electroly可逆电池reversible cell可逆过程reversible process可逆过程方程reversible process equation 可逆体积功reversible volume work可逆相变reversible phase change克拉佩龙方程Clapeyron equation克劳修斯不等式Clausius inequality克劳修斯－克拉佩龙方程Clausius-Clapeyron equation控制步骤control step库仑计coulometer扩散控制diffusion controlled拉普拉斯方程Laplace’s equation拉乌尔定律Raoult law兰格缪尔－欣谢尔伍德机理Langmuir-Hinshelwood mechanism兰格缪尔吸附等温式Langmuir adsorption isotherm formula雷利公式Rayleigh equation冷冻系数coefficient of refrigeration冷却曲线cooling curve离解热heat of dissociation离解压力dissociation pressure离域子系统non-localized particle systems离子的标准摩尔生成焓standard molar formation of ion离子的电迁移率mobility of ions离子的迁移数transport number of ions离子独立运动定律law of the independent migration of ions离子氛ionic atmosphere离子强度ionic strength理想混合物perfect mixture理想气体ideal gas理想气体的绝热指数adiabatic index of ideal gases理想气体的微观模型micro-model of ideal gas理想气体反应的等温方程isothermal equation of ideal gaseous reactions理想气体绝热可逆过程方程adiabatic reversible process equation of ideal gases 理想气体状态方程state equation of ideal gas理想稀溶液ideal dilute solution理想液态混合物perfect liquid mixture粒子particles粒子的配分函数partition function of particles连串反应consecutive reactions链的传递物chain carrier链反应chain reactions量热熵calorimetric entropy量子统计quantum statistics量子效率quantum yield临界参数critical parameter临界常数critical constant临界点critical point临界胶束浓度critical micelle concentration临界摩尔体积critical molar volume临界温度critical temperature临界压力critical pressure临界状态critical state零级反应zero order reaction流动电势streaming potential流动功flow work笼罩效应cage effect路易斯－兰德尔逸度规则Lewis-Randall rule of fugacity露点dew point露点线dew point line麦克斯韦关系式Maxwell relations麦克斯韦速率分布Maxwell distribution of speeds麦克斯韦能量分布MaxwelIdistribution of energy毛细管凝结condensation in capillary毛细现象capillary phenomena米凯利斯常数Michaelis constant摩尔电导率molar conductivity摩尔反应焓molar reaction enthalpy摩尔混合熵mole entropy of mixing摩尔气体常数molar gas constant摩尔热容molar heat capacity摩尔溶解焓mole dissolution enthalpy摩尔稀释焓mole dilution enthalpy内扩散控制internal diffusions control内能internal energy内压力internal pressure能级energy levels能级分布energy level distribution能量均分原理principle of the equipartition of energy能斯特方程Nernst equation能斯特热定理Nernst heat theorem凝固点freezing point凝固点降低lowering of freezing point凝固点曲线freezing point curve凝胶gelatin凝聚态condensed state凝聚相condensed phase浓差超电势concentration over-potential 浓差极化concentration polarization浓差电池concentration cells帕斯卡pascal泡点bubble point泡点线bubble point line配分函数partition function配分函数的析因子性质property that partition function to be expressed as a product of the separate partition functions for each kind of state碰撞截面collision cross section碰撞数the number of collisions偏摩尔量partial mole quantities平衡常数（理想气体反应）equilibrium constants for reactions of ideal gases平动配分函数partition function of translation平衡分布equilibrium distribution平衡态equilibrium state平衡态近似法equilibrium state approximation平衡状态图equilibrium state diagram平均活度mean activity平均活度系统mean activity coefficient 平均摩尔热容mean molar heat capacity 平均质量摩尔浓度mean mass molarity平均自由程mean free path平行反应parallel reactions破乳demulsification铺展spreading普遍化范德华方程universal van der Waals equation其它功the other work气化热heat of vaporization气溶胶aerosol气体常数gas constant气体分子运动论kinetic theory of gases 气体分子运动论的基本方程foundamental equation of kinetic theory of gases气溶胶aerosol气相线vapor line迁移数transport number潜热latent heat强度量intensive quantity强度性质intensive property亲液溶胶hydrophilic sol氢电极hydrogen electrodes区域熔化zone melting热heat热爆炸heat explosion热泵heat pump热功当量mechanical equivalent of heat 热函heat content热化学thermochemistry热化学方程thermochemical equation热机heat engine热机效率efficiency of heat engine热力学thermodynamics热力学第二定律the second law of thermodynamics热力学第三定律the third law of thermodynamics热力学第一定律the first law of thermodynamics热力学基本方程fundamental equation of thermodynamics热力学几率thermodynamic probability 热力学能thermodynamic energy热力学特性函数characteristic thermodynamic function热力学温标thermodynamic scale of temperature热力学温度thermodynamic temperature 热熵thermal entropy热效应heat effect熔点曲线melting point curve熔化热heat of fusion溶胶colloidal sol溶解焓dissolution enthalpy溶液solution溶胀swelling乳化剂emulsifier乳状液emulsion润湿wetting润湿角wetting angle萨克尔－泰特洛德方程Sackur-Tetrode equation三相点triple point三相平衡线triple-phase line熵entropy熵判据entropy criterion熵增原理principle of entropy increase 渗透压osmotic pressure渗析法dialytic process生成反应formation reaction升华热heat of sublimation实际气体real gas舒尔采－哈迪规则Schulze-Hardy rule 松驰力relaxation force松驰时间time of relaxation速度常数reaction rate constant速率方程rate equations速率控制步骤rate determining step塔费尔公式Tafel equation态－态反应state-state reactions唐南平衡Donnan equilibrium淌度mobility特鲁顿规则Trouton rule特性粘度intrinsic viscosity体积功volume work统计权重statistical weight统计热力学statistic thermodynamics 统计熵statistic entropy途径path途径函数path function外扩散控制external diffusion control 完美晶体perfect crystalline完全气体perfect gas微观状态microstate微态microstate 韦斯顿标准电池Weston standard battery 维恩效应Wien effect维里方程virial equation维里系数virial coefficient稳流过程steady flow process稳态近似法stationary state approximation无热溶液athermal solution无限稀溶液solutions in the limit of extreme dilution物理化学Physical Chemistry物理吸附physisorptions吸附adsorption吸附等量线adsorption isostere吸附等温线adsorption isotherm吸附等压线adsorption isobar吸附剂adsorbent吸附量extent of adsorption吸附热heat of adsorption吸附质adsorbate析出电势evolution or deposition potential析因子性质property that partition function to be expressed as a product of the separate partition functions for each kind of state稀溶液的依数性colligative properties of dilute solutions稀释焓dilution enthalpy系统system系统点system point系统的环境environment of system相phase相变phase change相变焓enthalpy of phase change相变化phase change相变热heat of phase change相点phase point相对挥发度relative volatility相对粘度relative viscosity相律phase rule相平衡热容heat capacity in phase equilibrium相图phase diagram相倚子系统system of dependent particles悬浮液suspension循环过程cyclic process压力商pressure quotient压缩因子compressibility factor压缩因子图diagram of compressibility factor亚稳状态metastable state盐桥salt bridge盐析salting out阳极anode杨氏方程Young’s equation液体接界电势liquid junction potential 液相线liquid phase lines一级反应first order reaction一级相变first order phase change依时计量学反应time dependent stoichiometric reactions逸度fugacity逸度系数coefficient of fugacity阴极cathode荧光fluorescence永动机perpetual motion machine永久气体Permanent gas有效能available energy原电池primary cell原盐效应salt effect增比粘度specific viscosity憎液溶胶lyophobic sol沾湿adhesional wetting沾湿功the work of adhesional wetting 真溶液true solution真实电解质real electrolyte真实气体real gas真实迁移数true transference number 振动配分函数partition function of vibration 振动特征温度characteristic temperature of vibration蒸气压下降depression of vapor pressure 正常沸点normal point正吸附positive adsorption支链反应branched chain reactions直链反应straight chain reactions指前因子pre-exponential factor质量作用定律mass action law制冷系数coefficient of refrigeration中和热heat of neutralization轴功shaft work转动配分函数partition function of rotation转动特征温度characteristic temperature of vibration转化率convert ratio转化温度conversion temperature状态state状态方程state equation状态分布state distribution化学试剂和药品中英文名称对照19203137发表于:2008-5-0822:24来源:化学吧-化学论坛-学术论坛1,1,1-Trichloroethane(Methyl chloroform) 1,1,1-三氯乙烷(甲基氯仿)1,1,1-Trichloroethylene1,1,1-三氯乙烯1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane1,1,2,2-四氯乙烷1,1,2-Trichloroethane1,1,2-三氯乙烷1,1-Dichloroethane1,1-二氯乙烷1,2:3,4-Dibenzanthracene1,2:3,4-二苯并□1,2:5,6-Dibenzanthracene1,2:5,6-二苯并□1,2-Benzanthracene1,2-苯并□1,2-Diaminoethane(Ethylenediamine)1,2-二胺基乙烷(乙二胺)1,2-Dichlorobenzene(o-Dichlorobenzene) 1,2-二氯苯(邻二氯苯)1,2-Dichloroethane(Ethylene dichloride)1,2-二氯乙烷(二氯化乙烷)1,2-Dimethoxyethane1,2-二甲氧基乙烷1,3-Benzenediol间苯二酚1,3-Butadiene1,3-丁二烯1,4-Dichlorobenzene(p-Dichlorobenzene) 1,4-二氯苯(对二氯苯)1,4-Dioxan(Dioxan)1,4-二氧陆圜(二恶烷) 1,5-Naphthylene diisocyanate1,5-□撑二异氰酸酯10-Hydroxy-2-decylenic acid10-羟基-2-癸烯酸1-Butanol(n-Butyl alcohol)1,3-丁醇(正丁醇)1-Chloro-2,3-epoxy propane (Epichlorohydrin)1-氯代-2,3-环氧丙烷(表氯醇)1-Cyclohexyl-3-para-toluenesulphonylurea(t olcyclamide)甲磺环己□(对甲苯磺□环己□) PP1-Methyl-4-phenylpiperidine-4-carboxylic acid1-甲基-4-苯基□啶-4-羧酸DD1-Methyl-4-phenylpiperidine-4-carboxylic acid1-甲基-4-苯基□啶-4-羧酸1-Methyl-4-phenylpiperidine-4-carboxylic acid;its salts;its esters;their salts1-甲基-4-苯基□啶-4-羧酸;其盐类;其酯类;它们的盐类PP-S11-phenyl-2-propanone1-苯基-2-丙酮2,2,2-Trichloroethyl alcohol,esters of;their salts2,2,2-三氯乙醇之酯类;它们的盐类PP-S1,S32,2'-Iminodi(ethylamine)(Diethylene triamine)2,2*-亚胺基二乙基胺(二乙撑三胺)2,3-Benzofluorene2,3-苯并芴2,4,6-Trimethyl-1,3,5-Trioxan(Paraldehyde) 2,4,6-三甲基-1,3,5-三恶烷(副醛)2-Butanol(sec-Butyl alcohol)2-丁醇(仲丁醇)2-Butanone(Methyl ethyl ketone)[MEK]2-丁酮(甲基乙基甲酮)2-Butoxyethanol[EGBE]2-丁氧基乙醇2-Ethoxyethanol[EGEE]2-乙氧基乙醇2-Ethoxyethyl acetate[EGEEA]醋酸-2-乙氧基乙酯2-Furaldehyde(Furfural)糠醛(□喃甲醛)2-Heptanone(Methyl n-amyl ketone)2-庚酮(甲基正戊基甲酮)2-Hexanone(Methyl n-butyl ketone)2-己酮(甲基正丁基甲酮)2-Methoxyethanol[EGME]2-甲氧基乙醇2-Methoxyethyl acetate[EGMEA]醋酸-2-甲氧基乙酯2-methyl-1-propanol2-甲基丁醇2-Methyl-3-morpholino-1,1-diphenylpropane carboxylic acid2-甲基-3-吗□酮-1,1-二苯基丙烷羧酸2-Methyl-3-morpholino-1,1-diphenyl-propan ecarboxylic acid2-甲基-3-吗□酮-1,1-二苯基丙烷羧酸DD2-Methyl-3-morpholino-1,1-diphenylpropane carboxylic acid;its salts;its esters;their salts2-甲基-3-***酮-1,1-二苯基丙烷羧酸;其盐类;其酯类;它们的盐类PP-S12-Methylbuta-1,3-diene2-甲基-1,3-丁二烯2-Methylbutan-2-ol2-甲基-2-丁醇2-Methylpropan-2-ol(tert-Butyl alcohol)2-甲基丙-2-醇(叔丁醇)2-Phenylcinchoninic acid;2-salicylcinchoninic acid;their salts;their esters辛可芬(2-苯基金鸡宁酸);2-水杨□金鸡宁酸;它们的盐类;它们的酯类PP-S1,S32-Propen-1-ol(Allyl alcohol)2-丙烯醇(丙烯醇)3-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)alanine;its salts3-(3,4-二羟苯基)丙氨酸;其盐类PP-S1,S3 3,3'-Dimethoxybenzidine(o-Dianisidine)3,3*-二甲氧基联苯胺(邻联茴香胺)3,5,5-Trimethylcyclohex-2-enone (Isophorone)3,5,5-三甲基环己-2-烯酮(异佛尔酮)3.4-methylenedioxyethylamphetamine (MDEA)3,4-亚甲二氧基乙基安非他明DD 3.4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA)3,4-亚甲二氧基甲基安非他明DD 3.4-methylenedioxy-phenyl-2-propanone 3,4-亚甲二氧-苯基-2-丙酮3-Di-n-butylaminomethyl-4,5,6-trihydroxyp hthalide3-正丁胺甲基-4,5,6-三羟基苯并□喃酮PP3-Heptanone(Ethyl butyl ketone)3-庚酮(乙基丁基甲酮)3-Hydroxymorphinan;its salts;its optical isomers;their salts,their esters and ethers; their salts3-羟基***喃;其盐类;其光学异构体;它们的盐类;它们的酯类及醚类;它们的盐类PP-S13-Hydroxy-N-methylmorphinan;its salts;its optical isomers;their salts3-羟基-N-甲基***喃;其盐类;其光学异构体;它们的盐类PP-S13-Hydroxy-N-phenacylmorphinan;its salts; its optical isomers;their salts;their esters and ethers;their salts3-羟基-N-苯甲□***喃;其盐类;其光学异构体;它们的盐类;它们的酯类及醚类;它们的盐类PP-S13-methyl-1-propanol3-甲基丁醇4,5-Benzopyrene4,5-苯并芘4-Aminodiphenyl and its salts4-安基联苯及其盐4-Cyano-1-methyl-4-phenylpiperidine4-氰基-1-甲基-4-苯基□啶DD4-Cyano-1-methyl-4-phenylpiperidine;its salts4-氰基-1-甲基-4-苯基□啶;其盐类PP-S1 4-Cyano-2-dimethylamino-4,4-diphenylbuta ne4-氰基-2-二甲胺基-4,4-二苯基丁烷DD4-Cyano-2-dimethylamino-4,4-diphenylbuta ne;its salts4-氰基-2-二甲氨基-4,4-二苯基丁烷;其盐类PP-S14-Epianhydrotetracycline4-差向脱水四环素AT4-Epitetracycline4-差向四环素AT 4H-Cyclopenta[def]phenathrene4H-环戊[def]菲4-Methoxysalicyladehyde4-甲氧基水杨酸4-Methyl aminorex4-甲基阿米雷司DD4-methylthioamphetamine4-甲硫苯胺(4-甲硫安非他明)DD4-Nitrodiphenyl4-硝基联苯4-Phenylpiperidine-4-carboxylic acid ethyl ester4-苯基□啶-4-羧酸乙酯DD4-Phenylpiperidine-4-carboxylic acid ethyl ester;its salts去甲□替啶;其盐类PP-S15-Phenylhydantoin;its alkyl and aryl derivatives;their salts5-苯基海因(5-苯基乙内□□);其烷其烷基与芬香基的衍生物;它们的盐类PP-S1,S39,10-Dihydroanthracene9,10-二氢□Abciximab阿昔单抗PP-S1,S3ABO grouping ABO分型absorbed dose吸收剂量absorption technique吸收法abundance ratio含量比例Acamprosate;its salts阿坎酸;其盐类PP-S1,S3Acarbose;its salts阿卡波糖;其盐类PP-S1,S3acaricide刹□剂acceleration加速；加速度acceleration of gravity重力加速度acceleration scuff加速擦印Acceptable Daily Intake[ADI]日容许摄入量accessibility可达性accreditation认可；认证accumulated dose累积剂量Acebutolol;its salts醋丁洛尔;其盐类PP-S1,S3Acemetacin,its salts阿西美卒;其盐类PP-S1,S3Acenaphthene二氢□Acenaphthylene□Acetaldehyde乙醛Acetanilide乙□苯胺Acetanilide;alkyl acetanilides乙□苯胺;烷基乙□苯胺类PP-S1,S2,S3Acetazolamide乙□唑胺Acetic acid醋酸(乙酸)Acetic anhydride醋酐；酸酐Acetohexamide醋磺己□PP-S1,S3Acetone丙酮Acetonitrile乙□Acetorphine;its salts;its esters and ethers; their salts乙□氧戊甲***;其盐类;其酯类及醚类;它们的盐类PP-S1,S3Acetrizoic acid醋碘苯酸PP-S1,S3Acetyl chloride乙□氯Acetylcarbromal乙□阿达林PP-S1,S3 Acetyldihydrocodeine醋氢可待因DD Acetyldihydrocodeine;its salts醋氢可待因;其盐类PP-S1,S3Acetylene乙炔Aciclovir;its salts阿昔洛韦;其盐类PP-S1,S3acid酸acid digestion酸消化acid phosphatase酸性磷酸□acid purification system酸净化系统；酸再生系统acid rain酸雨acid strength酸强度acid value酸价acidic酸性acidic dyes酸性色料acidosis酸中毒Acipimox;its salts阿西莫司;其盐类PP-S1,S3Acitretin;its salts;its esters阿维A;其盐类;其酯类PP-S1,S3Aclarubicin阿柔比星ATAconite,alkaloids of乌头生物硷PP Aconitine乌头□PPAcrivastine阿伐斯汀PPAcrylic acid丙烯酸Acrylonitrile丙烯□Actinium[Ac]锕Actinomycin放线菌素ATactivated charcoal tube活性碳采样管activited carbon活性碳activity concentration活度浓度acute exposure急性照射量(放射) Adapalene;its salts;its esters阿达帕林;其盐类;其酯类PP-S1,S3addiction瘾；癖嗜additives添加物；添加剂(食物)adhesion tester粘性测试器Adipidone胆影酸Administration Headquarters行政总部Administration Section行政部Adrenaline肾上腺素Adriamycin阿霉素ATadsorption technique吸附法adulterant搀杂物adulteration掺加；掺杂aerosol气溶胶；烟雾剂；浮质Aesculetin秦皮乙素Aesculin秦皮甲素Aflatoxins黄曲霉素agarose gel□脂糖凝胶agarose gel electrophoresis□脂糖凝胶电泳agglutinates凝集物agglutination凝集作用Agricultural Pesticides Ordinance除害剂条例agrochemical农用化学品Air Chemistry Section空气化验组air particulate空气粒子；大气粒子Air Pollution Control Ordinance空气污染管制条例airborne particle counter空气粒子计数器Alclofenac;its complexes阿氯芬酸;其复合物PP-S1,S3alcohol酒精Alcohol,denatured变性醇(食物) alcoholic strength酒精度Alcuronium;its salts双烯丙毒马钱硷类;其盐类PP-S1,S3Aldesleukin阿地白介素PP-S1,S3Aldrin氯甲桥□Alendronic acid;its salts阿仑膦酸;其盐类PP-S1,S3Alfuzosin;its salts阿夫唑秦;其盐类PP-S1,S3alignment of radical根团的排列Alizapride;its salts阿立必利;其盐类PP-S1,S3alkaline phosphatase□性磷酸□alkaloid生物□alleged father疑父allele等位基因allele frequency等位基因频率allergy过敏反应Allopurinol别嘌醇PPallyl alcohol丙烯醇Allylisopropylacetylurea烯丙异丙乙□□PP-S1,S3Allylprodine;its salts烯丙罗定;其盐类PP-S1Almitrine;its salts阿米三□;其盐类PP-S1,S3Aloe-emodin芦荟大黄素Aloin芦荟□alpha particle阿尔法粒子；氦原子核alpha spectrometry阿尔法谱法alpha,alpha-Dichlorotolueneα,α-二氯甲苯alpha,alpha-Dimethylbenzyl hydroperoxide α,α-二甲□基过氧化氢Alphacetylmethadolα-乙□美沙多DD Alphacetylmethadol(?\-Acetylmethadol)α-乙□美沙多DDAlphadolone;its esters阿法多龙;其酯类PP-S1,S3alpha-foetal protein[AFP]甲种胎儿蛋白alpha-Meprodine;its salts阿法美罗定;其盐类PP-S1Alphamethadolα-美沙多DDAlpha-methadolα-美沙多DD alpha-Naphthylacetic acid;its salts阿法□乙酸;其盐类PP-S1,S3alpha-Prodine;its salts阿法罗定;其盐类PP-S1Alphaxalone阿法沙龙PP-S1,S3Alpinetin山姜素Alprazolam阿普唑仑DDAlprenolol;its salts阿普洛尔;其盐类PP-S1,S3Alprostadil前列地尔PP-S1,S3Alteplase纤维蛋白溶□原活化剂PP-S1,S3 altered document经涂改的文件Alufibrate祛脂酸铝PP-S1,S3Aluminium[Al]铝Amantadine;its salts金刚胺;其盐类PP-S1,S3ambient air环境空气ambient dose环境剂量American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists[ACGIH]美国政府工业卫生专家协会American Industrial Hygiene Association [AIHA]美国工业卫生协会American Society for Testing and Materials [ASTM]美国试验与材料协会Americium[Am]□Amfepramone二乙胺苯丙酮DD Amidopyrine;its salts氨基比林;其盐类PP-S1,S3Amifostine;its salts氨磷汀;其盐类PP-S1,S3Amikacin丁胺卡那霉素ATAmiloride;its salts氨基比林;其盐类PP-S1,S3Amineptine;its salts阿米庚酸;其盐类PP-S1,S3Amino-alcohols esterified with benzoic acid, phenylacetic acid,phenylpropionic acid, cinnamic acid or the derivatives of these acids;their salts(except procaine when in a preparation containing any substance towhich the Antibiotics Ordinance for the time being applies)氨基醇(经苯甲酸,苯乙酸,苯丙酸,肉桂酸或上述各酸的衍生物酯化者);它们的盐类(但在含有《抗生素绦例》(第137章)当其时适用的物质的制剂中的普鲁卡因除外) PP-S2(Procaine)Aminoglutethimide氨鲁米特PP-S1,S3 Aminophylline;its salts氨茶硷;其盐类PP Aminopterin;its derivatives氨蝶呤;其衍生物PP-S1,S3Aminorex阿米雷司DDAminorex;its salts阿米雷司;其盐类PP-S1,S3Amiodarone;its salts胺碘酮;其盐类PP-S1,S3Amitriptyline;its salts阿米替林;其盐类PP-S1,S3Amlodipine;its salts氨氯地平;其盐类PP-S1,S3Ammonia氨Ammonia-N氨－氮Ammonium dichromate重铬酸铵Ammonium fluorosilicate氟硅酸铵Ammonium Glycyrrhizinate甘草酸单铵盐Amosite铁石棉；棕石棉Amoxicillin羟氨□青霉素AT Amphetamine安非他明DDAmphomycin安福霉素ATAmphotericin两性霉素ATAmphotericin B两性霉素B ATAmpicillin trihydrate氨□青霉素三水物AT amplification扩增amplifier放大器Amrinone氨力农PP-S1,S3Amsacrine;its salts安□啶;其盐类PP-S1,S3 Amyl alcohol,mixed isomers,with the exception of tert-pentanol戊醇，异构体混合物，叔戊醇除外Amyl nitrite亚硝酸异戊酯PPamylase淀粉□Amylene hydrate水合戊烯PP-S1,S3analeptic回苏剂analgesic止痛剂Analgin安乃近analogue-to-digital converter模拟-数码变换器Analytical and Advisory Services Division分析及谘询事务部analytical column分析柱Analytical Methods Manual(AMM)分析方法手册Analytical Reagent[AR]分析纯anaphylactic shock过敏性休克Anastrozole;its salts阿那曲唑;其盐类PP-S1,S3Androgenic,oestrogenic and progestational substances雄激素;雌激素与孕激素物质PP-S1,S3Andrographolide穿心莲内酯anemometer风速计anesthetic麻醉剂aneurysm动脉瘤angina pectoris心绞痛Anhydrotetracycline脱水四环素AT Anileridine;its salts阿尼利定;其盐类PP-S1 Aniline and homologues苯胺及其同系物Animals and Plants(Protection of Endangered Species)Ordinance动植物(濒临绝种生物保护)条例anion阴离子anionic surfactants阴离子洗涤剂Anisic acid茴香酸Anisodamine hydrobromide氢溴酸山茛菪硷Anistreplase;its salts茴香□化纤溶□原溶栓□活化剂复合物PP-S1,S3anneal退火(冶金)annihilation湮没annual limit of intake[ALI]年吸入量限值；年撮入量限值anode阳极；正极anorexia厌食；无胃口antacid抗酸剂Antazoline安他唑林PP-S1,S3ante-mortem死前anthelmintic抗蠕虫剂Anthracene□anthranilic acid邻氨苯碌甲酸antibiotic抗生素；抗菌素Antibiotics Ordinance抗生素条例antibody抗体anticholinergic抗胆□的anticoagulant抗凝血剂anticonvulsant抗抽搐剂；抗痉挛剂antidepressant抗抑制剂；抗镇抑剂antiemetic止吐(呕)剂antihistamine抗组织胺剂Antimony[Sb]锑Antimony pentachloride五氯化锑Antimony trichloride三氯化锑Antimony,chlorides of;organic compounds of;antimonates;antimonites锑盐的氯化物;锑的有机化合物;锑酸盐;亚锑酸盐PP-S1,S2 antioxidants抗氧化剂antipruritic止痒剂antipyretic退热剂Antipyrine安替比林antiserum抗血清Antithymocyte Immunoglobulin抗胸腺细胞免疫球蛋白PP-S1,S3antitussive镇咳剂anvil砧子AOAC Official Method公职分析化学工作者协会法定方法apnoea呼吸暂停Apomorphine;its salts;its quaternary compounds阿扑***;其盐类;其四级化合物PP-S1,S3Aprindine;its salts安博律定;其盐类PP-S1,S3Aramid芳族聚□胺Argon[Ar]氩Argon Ion Laser氩离子激光器Aristolochic Acid马兜铃酸Aroclor亚老哥尔arrhythmia心律失常Arsenic[As]砷Arsenic and soluble compounds砷及其可溶化合物Arsenical substances,the following:halides of arsenic;organic compounds of arsenic; oxides of arsenic;sulphides of arsenic; arsenates;arsenites;thioarsenates含砷物贸如下;砷的卤代物;砷的有机化合物;砷的氧化物;砷的硫化物;砷酸盐;亚砷酸盐;硫代砷酸盐PP-S1,S2Arsine胂(砷化氢)articulated vehicle拖挂车；连挂车artificial colouring matter人造色料artificial sweetener人造甜味素as low as reasonably achievable[ALARA]可合理达到的尽可能低的水平Asbestos石棉Asbestos-Amosite铁石棉；棕石棉Asbestos-Chrysotile温石棉；白石棉Asbestos-Crocidolite青石棉；蓝石棉Asbestos Containing Materials[ACM]含石棉物品Asbestosis石棉肺ash content灰分ashing灰化Asphalt(petroleum)fumes沥青(石油)烟雾assay定量；含量测定assay pliers试样钳Assistant Departmental Secretary助理部门秘书Assistant Government Chemist助理政府化验师assisted signature辅助签名(文件) Association of Official Agricultural Chemists 政府农业化学家协会Association of Official Analytical Chemists [AOAC]公职分析化学工作者协会Astatine[At]□Astemizole阿司米唑PP-S1,S3。
有机化学英语词汇大全(音标,前后缀)
Route [`raut]【路线】Strategy ['strætidʒi]【策略】Rearrangement [ˏri:ә'reindʒmәnt]【重排】Asymmetric ['eisi'metrik]【不对称】Migration [mai'greiʃәn]【迁移】Mechanism ['mekәnizәm]【机理】Substrate ['sʌbstreit]【底物、培养基】Synthesis ['sinθisis]【合成】Labile ['leibail]【不稳定的】Azeotropic [әˏzi:ә'trɔpik]【共沸的】Scheme [ski:m]【图示】Derivative [di'rivәtiv]【衍生物】Analogous [ә'nælәgәs]【类似物】Primary ['praimәri]【伯-】Secondary ['sekәndәri]【仲-】Tertiary ['tә:ʃәri]【叔-】Functional ['fʌŋkʃәnl] group【官能团】Catalyst [`kætәlist] 【催化剂】Catalysis [kә`tælisis]【催化（作用）】Catalytical [kætә`litikәl] 【催化的】Hydrogenolysis [ˏhaidrәudʒә'nɔlәsis]【氢化】Hydrogenous [hai'drɔdʒinәs] 【含氢的】pericyclic [peri'saiklik] reaction【周环反应】transition [træn'ziʒәn] state 【过渡态】homolysis [hɔ'mɔlisis] 【均裂】heterolysis [ˏhetә'rɔlisis] 【异裂】homogeneous [ˏhɔmәu'dʒi:njәs]【均相的】heterogeneous [ˏhetәrәu'dʒi:niәs] 【非均相的】Steric ['sterik] hindrance[`hindrәns] 【立体位阻】Lipophilic [ˏlipә`filik]【亲脂性的】chiral [`kai rәl] 【手性的】electrophile [i`lektrәfail] 【亲电试剂】nucleophilic [ˏnju:kliәu'filik]【亲核的】hydrolysis [hai`drɔlisis] 【水解(作用)】acidolysis [ˏæsi`dɔlisis] 【酸解(作用)】displacement [dis'pleismәnt] 【取代】formalin ['fɔ:mәlin] 【甲醛溶液】dilute [dai'lju:t] 【稀释】dehydrate [di:'haidreit] 【脱水】dilation [dai'leiʃәn]【膨胀】saponification [sәpɔnifi'keiʃәn]【皂化】emulsification [iˏmʌlsifi'keiʃәn] 【乳化】reactant [ri:'æktәnt]【反应物】adduct [ә'dʌkt]【加合物】dissolve [di'zɔlv]【溶解】degradation [ˏdegrә'deiʃәn]【降解】mild [maild]【（反应）温和的】harsh [hɑ:ʃ] 【（反应）苛刻的】racemic [rә'si:mik]【消旋的】substituent [sʌb'stitjuәnt]【取代基】conjugation [ˏkɔndʒu'geiʃәn]【偶和】equivalent [i'kwivәlәnt]【当量的】volatile ['vɔlәtail]【易挥发的】susceptible [sә'septәbl]【易受影响的】in large scale【大量】protease ['prәutieis]【蛋白酶】side chain【侧链】Impuritiy [im'pjuәriti]【杂质】Component [kәm'pәunәnt]【组分】Tare [tєә]【去皮】Syringe ['sirindʒ]【注射器】Concentrate ['kɔnsentreit]【浓缩】Aqueous ['eikwiәs]【水相（的）】Methodology [meθә'dɔlәdʒi]【方法学】Precursor [pri(:)'kә:sә] 【前体】Separation [sepә'reiʃәn]【分离】Purification [ˏpjuәrifi'keiʃәn]【纯化】Recrystallization ['rikristәlai'zeiʃәn]【重结晶】Crystalline ['kristәlain]【晶体】Distillation [ˏdisti'leiʃәn]【蒸馏】Sublimation [ˏsʌbli'meiʃәn] 【升华】Microwave ['maikrәuweiv]【微波】Infrared ['infrә'red]【红外】ultraviolet ['ʌltrә'vaiәlit] active【紫外显色】isotope ['aisәutәup] 【同位素】isomer ['aisɔmә] 【同分异构体】Isomerization [aiˏsɔmәrai'zeiʃәn]【异构化】Transformation [ˏtrænsfә'meiʃәn]【转化】Stability [stә'biliti]【稳定性】Poisoned ['pɔiznd]【中毒的】Filter ['filtә]【过滤器】Filtration [fil'treiʃәn]【过滤】Filtrate ['filtreit]【滤液】Filter Cake【滤饼】Eluent ['eljuәnt]【淋洗液】hin-layer-chromatography [ˏkrәumә'tɔgrәfi] TLC【薄层色谱】Preparative [pri'pærәtiv] TLC【制备薄层色谱】HPLC【高效液相色谱】LC-MS【液质联用仪】Protic ['prәutik]【质子的】Aprotic[ә'prәutik]【非质子的】Decompose [ˏdi:kәm'pәuz]【分解】Removal [ri'mu:vәl]【除去】Reduced [ri'dju:st] pressure 【减压】Vacuum ['vækjuәm] 【真空】Elimination [iˏlimi'neiʃәn]【消除】Addition [ә'diʃәn]【添加、加成】Ligand ['laigәnd]【配体】Stopper ['stɔpә]【塞子】Separatory/ addition/ Büchner funnel ['fʌnәl]【分液/加料/布什】column chromatography【柱层析】Run column【用柱层析分离】Stopcock ['stɔpkɔk] 【旋塞阀】Condenser [kәn'densә]【冷凝管】Chamber ['tʃeimbә]【（薄层用）展缸】Bench [bentʃ] 【实验台】Hood [hud] 【通风橱】Rotavapor [ˏrәutә'veipә]【旋蒸】Evaporation [iˏvæpә'reiʃәn] 【蒸发】vacuum hose [hәuz]【真空管】silicon ['silikәn] oil bath 【（硅）油浴】sink [siŋk]【水槽】neutralize ['nju:trәlaiz]【中和】stir bar 【搅拌子】Dry ice trap【干冰冷阱】Glovebox [glʌvә'bɔks]【手套箱】vacuum pump [pʌmp]【真空泵】spatula ['spætjulә] 【刮刀】miscible ['misibl]【混溶的】Quench [kwentʃ]【淬灭】Purging ['pә:dʒiŋ]【鼓气】Titration [tai'treiʃәn]【滴定】Trituration [tritju'reiʃәn]【研磨】Dessicator ['desikeitә:]【干燥剂】Hygroscopic [ˏhaigrәu'skɔpik] 【吸湿的】Lachrymator ['lækriˏmeitә]【催泪剂】DI (de-ion) water【去离子水】Stoichiometric [ˏstɔikiәuˋmєtrik]【化学量的】Volumetric [vɔlju'metrik] 【测体积的】Weighing ['weiiŋ] paper【称量纸】Mechanical [mi'kænikl] stirring apparatus [ˏæpә'reitәs]【机械搅拌装置】heating mental ['mentl] 【加热套】Eclipse [i'klips] 【使失色】Anomeric ['ænәˏmerik] Effect 【端基异构效应】Equatorial [ˏekwә'tɔ:riәl]【平伏（键）的】Axial ['æksiәl]【直立（键）的】Gauche [gәuʃ] 【构象】Thermodynamic ['θә:mәudai'næmik]【热力学的】Kinetic [kai'netik]【动力学的】Enantioselective [eˏnæntiәsi'lektiv]【对映选择性的】Diastereotopic [ˏdaiәstiәriә'tɔpik] 【非对映的】Chemoselectivity 【化学选择性】Regioselective ['ri:dʒәu si'lektiv] 【区域选择性的】Stereoselectivity [ˏstiәriәˏsilek'tiviti]【立体选择性】Synthon ['sinθɔn]【合成子】Nitrosation [naitrә'seiʃә:n] 【亚硝化】Tautomer ['tɔ:tәmә]【（互变）异构体】Confirmation [ˏkɔnfɔ:'meiʃәn] 【构型】Equilibrium [ˏi:kwi'libriәm]【平衡】pyrolysis [ˏpaiә'rɔlisis] 【热解】ozonolysis [ ,әuzәu'nɔlisis ] 【臭氧分解】conversion [kәn'vә:ʃәn] ratio ['reiʃiәu] 【转化率】Deprotection【脱保护】Introduction【引入】Cleavage【分离，脱除】有机化学专业词汇Angular methyl group 角甲基Alkylidene group 亚烷基Allyl group 烯丙基Allylic 烯丙型[的]Phenyl group 苯基Aryl group 芳基Benzyl group 苄基Benzylic 苄型[的]Activating group 活化基团Chromophore 生色团Auxochrome 助色团Magnetically anisotropic group 磁各向异性基团Smally ring 小环Common ring 普通环Medium rimg 中环Large ring 大环Bridged-ring system 桥环体系Spiro compound 螺环化合物Helical molecule 螺旋型分子Octahedral compound 八面体化合物Conjugation 共轭Conjugated-system 共轭体系Acyl cation 酰[基]正离子Benzylic cation 苄[基]正离子Arenirm ion 芳[基]正离子Ketyl radical 羰自由基Radical ion 自由基离子Radical cation 自由基正离子Radical anion 自由基负离子Isomerism 异构[现象]Aci form 酸式Fluxional structure 循变结构Stereochemistry 立体化学Optical activity 光学活性Dextro isomer 右旋异构体Laevo isomer 左旋异构体Tetrahedral configuration 四面体构型Stereoisomerism 立体异构[现象] Asymmetric atom 不对称原子Asymmetric carbon 不对称碳Pseudoasymmetric carbon 假不对称碳Phantom atom 虚拟原子Homotopic 等位[的]Heterotopic 异位[的]Enantiotopic 对映异位[腯Diastereotopic 非对映异位[的] Configuration 构型Absolute configuration 绝对构型Chirality 手性Chiral 手性[的]Chiral center 手性中心Chiral molecule 手性分子Achiral 非手性[的]Fischer projection 费歇尔投影式Neoman projection 纽曼投影式D-L system of nomenclature D-L命名体系R-S syytem of nomenclature R-S命名体系Cahn-Ingold-Prelon sequence 顺序规则Symmetry factor 对称因素Plane of symmetry 对称面Mirror symmetry 镜面对称Enantiomer 对映[异构]体Diastereomer 非对映[异构]体Epimer 差向异构体Anomer 端基[差向]异构体Erythro configuration 赤型构型Erythro isomer 赤型异构体Threo configuration 苏型构型Threo isomer 苏型异构体Trigonal carbon 三角型碳Cis-trans isomerism 顺反异构E isomer E异构体Z isomer Z异构体Endo isomer 内型异构体Exo isomer 外型异构体Prochirality 前手性Pro-R group 前R基团Pro-S proup 前S基团Re face Re面Si face Si面Racemic mixture 外消旋混合物Racemic compound 外消旋化合物Racemic solid solution 外消旋固体溶液Meso compound 内消旋化合物Quasi recemate 准外消旋体Conformation 构象Conformational 构象分析Torsion angle 扭转角Rotamer 旋转异构体Anti conformation 反式构象Bisecting conformation 等分构象Anti periplanar conformation 反叠构象Synperiplanar conformation 顺叠构象Synclinal conformation 反错构象Synclinal conformation 顺错构象Eclipsed conformation 重叠构象Gauche conformation, skew con-formation 邻位交叉构象Staggered conformation 对位交叉构象Steric effect 空间效应Steric hindrance 位阻Atropismer 阻转异构体Puckered ring 折叠环Conformational inversion 构象反转Chair conformation 椅型构象Boat conformation 船型构象Twist conformation 扭型构象Skew boat conformation 扭船型构象Half-chair conformation 半椅型构象Pseudorotation 假旋转Envelope conformation 信封[型]构象Axial bond 直[立]键Equatorial bond 平[伏]键Cisoid conformation 顺向构象Transoid conformation 反向构象Retention of configuration 构型保持Regioselectivity 区域选择性Regiospecificity 区域专一性Stereocelectivity 立体选择性Stereospecificty 立体专一性Conformer 构象异构体Conformational effect 构象效应Cram’s rube 克拉姆规则Prelog’rule 普雷洛格规则Stereochemical orientation 立体[化学]取向Conformational transmission 构象传递Homolog 同系物Ipso position 本位Ortho position 邻位Meta position 间位Para position 对位Amphi position 远位Peri position 近位Trigonal hybridization 三角杂化Molecular orbiral method 分子轨道法Valence bond method 价键法Delocalezed bond 离域键Cross conjugation 交叉共轭Vinylog 插烯物Mesomeric effect 中介效应Resonance 共振Resonance effect 共振效应Hyperconjugation 超共轭Isovalent hyperconjugation 等价超共轭No-bond resonance 无键共振Aromaticity 芳香性Aromatic sexter 芳香六隅Huckel’rule 休克尔规则Paramagnetic ring current 顺磁环电流Diamagnetic ring cruuent 抗磁环电流Homoaromaticity 同芳香性Antiaromaticity 反芳香性Alternant hydrocarbon 交替烃Non-alternant hydrocarbon 非交替烷Pericyclic reaction 周环反应Electrocyclic rearrangement 电环[化]重排Conrotatory 顺旋Disroatatory 对旋Cycloaddition 环加成Symmetry forbidden-reaction 对称禁阻反应Synfacial reaction 同面反应Antarafacial reaction 异面反应Mobius system 默比乌斯体系Leois structure 路易斯结构Coordinate-covalent bond 配位共价键Banana bond 香蕉键Pauling electronegativity scale 鲍林电负性标度Polarizability 可极化性Inductive effect 诱导效应Field effect 场效应Electrical effect 电场效应tautomerism 互变异构Tautomerization 互变异构化Keto-enol tautomerism 酮-烯醇互变异构Phenol-keto tautomerism 酚-酮互变异构Imine-enamine atutomerism 亚胺-烯胺互变异构Ring-chain tautomerism 环-链互变异构Valence tautomerism 价互变异构Ambident 两可[的]Solvent effect 溶剂效应Acid-base catalyxed reaction 酸性溶剂Basic solvent 碱性溶剂Dielectric constant 介电常数Solvated electron 溶剂化电子Acid-base catalyzed reaction 酸碱催化反应Conjugate base 共轭酸Conjugate base 共轭碱Therm odynamic acidity 热力学酸度Kinetic acidity 动力学酸度Electron donof-acceptor complex,EDAcomplex 电子给[体]受体络合物Host 主体Guest 客体Primary isotope effect 一级同位素效应Secondary isotope effect 二级同位数效应Inverse isotope effect 逆同位素效应Kinetic control 动力学控制Thermodynamic control 热力学控制Substrate 底物Intermediate 中间体Reactive intermediate 活泼中间体Microscopic reversibility 微观可逆性Hammond postulate 哈蒙德假说Linear free energy 线性自由能Non-bonded interaction 非键相互作用Torsional effect 扭转效应Pitzer strain 皮策张力Restricted rotation 阻碍旋转Eclipsing effect 重叠效应Eclipsing strain 重叠张力Small-angle strain 小角张力Large angle strain 大角张力Transannular interaction 跨环相互作用Transannular strain 跨环张力I strain 内张力F strain 前张力B strain 后张力Anomeric effect 端基异构效应Walden inversion 瓦尔登反转Racemization 外消旋化Isoinversion 等反转Isoracemization 等消旋Homochiral 纯手性[的]Mechanism 机理Unimolecular nucleophilic 单分子亲核取代Bimolecular nucleophilic sub-stitution 双分子亲核取代Bimolecular nucleophilic substi-tution(with allylic rearrange-ment) 双分子亲核取代（含烯丙型重排）Internal nucleophilic substiru-tion 分子内亲核取代Aromatic nucleophilic substitu-tion 芳香亲核取代Unimolecular electrophilic sub-stitution 单分子亲电取代Bimolecular electrophilic substi-tution 双分子亲电取代Nucleophile-assisted unimolecu-lar electrophilic substitution 亲核体协助单分子亲电取代Unimolecular elimination 单分子消除Bimolecular elimination 双分子消除Unimolecular elimination through the conjugate base 单分子共轭碱消除Bimolecular elimination through the conjugate base 双分子共轭碱消除Bimolecular elimination with for-mation of a carbonyl group 双分子羰基形成消除Unimolecular acid-catalyzed acyl-oxygen cleavage 单分子酸催化酰氧断裂Bimolecular base-catalyzed acyl-oxygen cleavage 双分子碱催化酰氧断裂Unimolecular acid-catalyzed alkyl-oxygen cleavage 单分子酸催化烷氧断裂Bimllecular base-catalyzed al- kyl-oxygen cleavage 双分子碱催化烷氧断裂π-allyl complex mechanism π烯丙型络合机理Borderline mechanism 边理机理Homolysis 均裂Heterolysis 异裂Heterolytic michanism 异裂机理Counrer[gegen]ion 反荷离子Ion pair 离子对Carbocation 碳正离子Nonclassical carbocation 非经典碳正离子Carbanion 碳负离子Masked carbanion 掩蔽碳负离子Carbenoid 卡宾体Carbene 卡宾Nitrene 氮宾Carbine 碳炔Electrophilic addition 亲电加成Electrophile 亲电体Diaxial addition 双直键加成Markovnikov’s rube 马尔科夫尼科规则Anti-Markovnikov addition 反马氏加成Michael addition 迈克尔加成Substitution 取代Electrophilic substitution 亲电取代Addition-elimination mechanism 加成消除机理Electrophilic aromatic substitu-tion 亲电芳香取代Electron transfer 电子转移Electron-donating group 给电子基团Electron-Withdrawing group 吸电子基团Deactivating group 钝化基团Orinentation 取向Ortho-para directing group 邻对位定位基Meta directing group 间位定位基Ortho effect 邻位效应Partial rate factor 分速度系数Nucleophilic reaction 亲核反应Internal return 内返Nucleophilicity 亲核体Nucleophilicity 亲核性α-effect α-效应Backside attack 背面进攻Inversion 反转Umbrella effect 伞效应Push-pull effect 推拉效应Leaving group 离去基团Electrofuge 离电体Nucleofuge 离核体Phase-transfer catalysis 相转移催化Neighboring group participation 邻基基参与Neighboring proup assistance,anchimeric assistance 邻助作用Neighboring group effect 邻基效应Apofacial reaction 反面反应Briddgehead displacement 桥头取代Aryl action 芳正离子Benzyne 苯炔Zaitsev rule 札依采夫规则Anti-Zaitsev orientation 反札依采夫定向Hofmann’s rule 霍夫曼规则Bredt rule 布雷特规则Initiation 引发Anionic cleavage 负离子裂解Partial bond fixation 键[的]部分固定化02．3有机化学反应Alkylation 烷基化C- alkylation C-烷基化O- alkylation O-烷基化N-alkylation N-烷基化Silylation 硅烷[基]化Exhaustive methylation 彻底甲基化Seco alkylation 断裂烷基化Demethylation 脱甲基化Ethylation 乙基化Arylation 芳基化Acylation 酰化Formylation 甲酰化Carbalkoxylation 烷氧羰基化Carboamidation 氨羰基化Carboxylation 羧基化Amination 氨基化Bisamination 双氨基化Cine substitution 移位取代Transamination 氨基交换Hydroxylation 羟基化acyloxyation 酰氧基化Decarboxylative nitration 脱羧卤化Allylic halogenation 烯丙型卤化Dehalogenation 脱卤Nitration 硝化Decarboxylative nitration 脱羧硝化Nitrosation 亚硝化Sulfonation 磺化Chlorosulfonation 氯磺酰化Desulfonation 脱磺酸基Sulfenylation 亚磺酰化Sulfonylation 磺酰化Chlorosulfenation 氯亚磺酰化Chlorocarbonylation 氯羰基化Diazotization 重氮化Diazo transfer 重氮基转移Coupling reaction 偶联反应Diazonium coupling 重氮偶联Cross-coupling reaction 交叉偶联反应1,4-addition 1，4-加成Conjugate addition 共轭加成Dimerization 二聚Trimefization 三聚Additive dimerization 加成二聚sulfurization 硫化Selenylation 硒化Hydroboration 硼氢化Oxyamination 羟氨基化Insertion 插入carbonylation 羧基化Hydroformylation 加氢甲酰基化Hydroacylation 加氢酰化Oxo process 羰基合成Decarbonylation 脱羰Hydrocarboxylation 氢羧基化Homologization 同系化Cyanoethylation 氰乙基化Decyanoethylation 脱氰乙基Ring clsure 环合Diene synthesis 双烯合成Dienophile 亲双烯体Endo addition 内型加成Exo addition 外型加成Diels-Alder reaction 第尔斯-尔德反应Retro Diels-Alder reaction 逆第尔斯-阿尔德反应Ene synthesis 单烯合成Anionic cycloaddition 负离子环加成Dipolar addition 偶极加成- elimination -消除- elimination -消除- elimination -消除-elimination -消除Dehydrohalogenation 脱卤化氢Deamination 脱氨基Pyrolytic elimination 热解消除Elimination-addition 消除-加成Decarboxylation 脱羧Decarboxamidation 脱酰胺Decyanation 脱氰基Alkylolysis,alkyl cleavage 烷基裂解Acylolysis,acyl cleavage 酰基裂解Flash pyrolysis 闪热裂Fragmentation 碎裂Chiletropic reaction 螯键反应Chelation 螯环化Esterification 酯化Transesterification 酯交换Saponification 皂化Alcoholysis 醇解Ethanolysis 乙醇解Cyanomethylation 氰甲基化Aminomethylation 氨甲基化Hydroxymethylation 羟甲基化Hydroxyalkylation 羟烷基化Cholromethylation 氯甲基化Haloalkylation 卤烷基化Transacetalation 缩醛交换Enolization 烯醇化Haloform reaction 卤仿反应Condensation 缩合Aldol condensation 羟醛缩合Cross aldol condensation 交叉羟醛缩合Retrograde aldol condensation 逆羟醛缩合Acyloin condensation 偶姻缩合Cyclization 环化Annulation,annelation 增环反应Spiroannulation 螺增环Autoxidation 自氧化Allylic hydroperoxylation 烯丙型氢过氧化Epoxidation 环氧化Oxonolysis 臭氧解Electrochemical oxidation 电化学氧化Oxidative decarboxylation 氧化脱羧Aromatization 芳构化Catalytic hydrogenation 催化氢化Heterogeneous hydrogenation 多相氢化Homogeneous hydrogenation 均相氢化Catalytic dehydrogenation 催化脱氢Transfer hydrogenation 转移氢化Hydrogenolysis 氢解Dissolving metal reduction 溶解金属还原Single electron transfer 单电子转移Bimolecular reduction 双分子还原Electrochemical reduction 电化学还原Reductive alkylation 还原烷基化Reductive acylation 还原酰化Reductive dimerization 还原二聚Deoxygenation 脱氧Desulfurization 脱硫Deselenization 脱硒Mitallation 金属化Lithiation 锂化Hydrometallation 氢金属化Mercuration 汞化Oxymercuration 羟汞化Aminomercuration 氨汞化Abstraction 夺取[反应]Internal abstraction 内夺取[反应] Rearrangement 重排Prototropic rearrangement 质了转移重排Double bond migration 双键移位Allylic migration 烯丙型重排Allylic migration 烯丙型迁移Ring contraction 环缩小[反应]Ring expansion,ring enlargement 扩环[反应] -ketol rearrangement -酮醇重排Pinacol rearrangement 频哪醇重排Retropinacol rearrangement 逆频哪醇重排Semipinacol rearrangement 半频哪醇重排Benzilic rearrangement 二苯乙醇酸重排Acyl rearrangement 酰基重排Migratory aptitude 迁移倾向Transannular insertion 跨环插入Transannular rearrangement 跨环重排Migration 迁移Prototropy 质子转移Cationotropic rearrangement 正离子转移重排Anionotropy 负离子转移Anionotropic rearrangement 负离子转移重排Sigmatropic rearrangement -迁移重排Homosigmatropic rearrangement 同迁移重排Electrophilic rearrangement 亲电重排Photosensitization 光敏化Forbidden transition 禁阻跃迁photooxidation 光氧化Photoisomerization 光异构化Photochemical rearrangement 光化学重排有机化合物类名Aliphatic compound 脂肪族化合物Hpdrocarbon 碳氢化合物Alkane 烷Wax 蜡Paraffin wax 石蜡Alkene 烯Alkyen 炔Acetylide 炔化物Active hydrogen compounds 活泼氢化合物Carbon acid 碳氢酸Super acid 超酸Diene 双烯Triene 三烯Allene 丙二烯Ccumulene 累积多烯Enyne 烯炔Diyne 二炔Alkyl halide 卤代烷Alcohol 醇Homoallylic alcohol 高烯丙醇Ether 醚Epoxide 环氧化物Cellosolve 溶纤剂Crown ether 冠醚Netro compound 硝基化合物Amine 胺Quaternaryammonium compound 季铵化合物Amine oxide 氧化胺Diazoalkane 重氮烷Mercaptan 硫醇Sulfonic acid 磺酸Sulfoxide 亚砜Sulfone 砜Aldehyde 醛Detone 酮Aldehyde hydrate 醛水合物Ketone hydrate 酮水合物Hemiacetal 半缩醛Acetal 缩醛acetal[化]乙缩醛, 乙缩醛二乙醇Ketal 缩酮Dithiane 二噻烷Aminal 缩醛胺imine 亚胺Aldimine 醛亚胺Oxime 肟Aldimine 醛肟Oxime 亚硝基化合物aldoxime 硝酮Hydrazone 腙Azine 嗪Semicarbazone 缩氯基脲Cyanohydrin 羟腈Pinacol 频哪醇Enol 烯醇Enol ether 烯醇醚Enol ester 烯醇酯Enamine 烯胺Ynamine 炔胺Mannich base 曼尼希碱Carboxylic acid 羧酸Ester 酯orthoester 原酸酯Acyl halide 酰卤Acyl fluoride 酰氟Acyl chloride 酰氯Acyl rtomide 酰溴Acyl iodide 酰碘Carbobenzoxy chloride 苄氧甲酰氯Acyl tosylate 酰基对甲苯磺酸酐Ketene 乙烯酮Peracid 过酸Perester 过酸酯Acyl peroxide 酰基过氧化物Nitrile 腈Nitrile oxide 氧化腈Isonitrile 异腈Amide 酰胺Imide 二酰亚胺N-bromo compound N-溴化物Hydrazide 酰肼Acyl azide 酰叠氮Amidine 脒Keto ester 酮酸酯Acyl cyanide 酰腈Carbon suboxide 二氧化三碳Glycidic acid 环氧丙酸Carbammic acid 氨基甲酸Carbamate 氨基甲酸酯Urea 脲Cyanamide 氨腈Carbodiimide 碳二亚胺Allophanate 脲基甲酸酯Thioester 硫代酸酯Thiol acid 硫羰酸Lactone 内酯Lactol 内半缩醛Macrolide 大环内酯Amino acid 氨基酸Zwitterions 两性离子Inner salt 内盐Betaine 甜菜碱Lactam 内酰胺Hydantion 乙内酰脲Peptide 肽Glycol 二醇Aldol 羟醛Acyloin 偶姻Carbohydrate 碳水化合物Aldose 醛糖Ketose 酮糖Furanose 呋喃糖Pyranose 吡喃糖Glycoside 糖苷Glucoside 葡[萄]糖苷Aglycon 苷元Saccharide 糖类Oligosaccharide 寡糖Polysaccharide 多糖Alditol 糖醇Osazone 脎Alicyclic compound 脂环化合物Cycloalkene 环烷Spirane 环烯Cage compound 螺烷Propellane 笼型化合物Rotazane 螺桨烷Catenane 轮烷Rused ring 索烃化学专业英语词汇常用前后缀-acetal 醛缩醇acetal- 乙酰acid 酸-al 醛alcohol 醇-aldehyde 醛alkali- 碱allyl 丙烯基 'alkoxy- 烷氧基-amide 酰胺amino- 氨基的-amidine 脒-amine 胺-ane 烷anhydride 酐anilino- 苯胺基aquo- 含水的-ase 酶-ate 含氧酸的盐、酯-atriyne 三炔azo- 偶氮benzene 苯bi- 在盐类前表示酸式盐bis- 双-borane 硼烷bromo- 溴butyl 丁基 .-carbinol 甲醇carbonyl 羰基-caboxylic acid 羧酸centi- 10-2chloro- 氯代cis- 顺式condensed 缩合的、冷凝的cyclo- 环deca- 十deci 10-1二-dine 啶dodeca- 十二-ene 烯epi- 表epoxy- 环氧-ester 酯-ether 醚ethoxy- 乙氧基ethyl 乙基fluoro- 氟代form 仿-glycol 二醇hemi- 半hendeca- 十一hepta- 七heptadeca- 十七hexa- 六hexadeca- 十六-hydrin 醇hydro- 氢或水hydroxyl 羟基hypo- 低级的，次-ic 酸的，高价金属-ide 无氧酸的盐，酰替胺，酐-il 偶酰-imine 亚胺iodine 碘iodo- 碘代iso- 异，等，同-ite 亚酸盐keto- 酮ketone 酮-lactone 内酯mega- 106meta- 间，偏methoxy- 甲氧基methyl 甲基micro- 10-6milli- 10-3mono- ( mon-) 一，单nano- 10-9nitro- 硝基nitroso- 亚硝基nona- 九nonadeca- 十九octa- 八octadeca- 十八-oic 酸的-ol 醇9 a$ f! Q, H: [5 n& G-one 酮ortho- 邻，正，原-ous 亚酸的，低价金属oxa- 氧杂-oxide 氧化合物-oxime 肟oxo- 酮oxy- 氧化-oyl 酰para- 对位，仲penta- 五pentadeca- 十五per- 高，过petro- 石油phenol 苯酚phenyl 苯基pico- 10-12poly- 聚，多quadri- 四quinque- 五semi- 半septi- 七sesqui 一个半***i- 六sulfa- 磺胺sym- 对称syn- 顺式，同，共ter- 三 -tetra- 四tetradeca- 十四tetrakis- 四个thio- 硫代trans- 反式，超，跨tri- 三thio- 硫代trans- 反式，超，跨tri- 三trideca- 十三tris- 三个undeca- 十一 .uni- 单，一unsym- 不对称的，偏位-yl 基-ylene 撑(二价基，价在不同原子上)-yne 炔活化剂的中英文名称Bis(2-ethylhexyl) sebacate （癸二酸二仲辛酯；癸二酸二2-乙基己酯）Zinc stearate （硬脂酸锌）Suberic acid （辛二酸）Adipic acid, （己二酸）Hexanedioic acid, （己二酸）Sebacic acid, dibutyl ester （癸二酸二丁酯）Abietic acid （松香酸）Lactic acid （乳酸）Poly(ethylene glycol) （聚乙二醇）Glycerol stearate （硬脂酸甘油酯）Imidazoline （咪唑啉，间二氮杂环戊烯）-Pinene （β-蒎烯，β-松油二环烯）Adipic acid （脂肪酸）Butyl acetate （乙酸丁酯）Ethylene glycol butyl ether （乙二醇丁醚）Sebacic acid, （癸二酸）Decanedioic acid, （癸二酸）Ethylene glycol ethyl ether （乙二醇乙醚）2-Butenedioic acid (E)-, （2-丁烯二酸）Succinic acid, （琥珀酸，丁二酸）Ethylene glycol methyl ether （乙二醇甲醚）Acetyl acetate （乙酸乙酰脂）1H-Benzotriazole （1-H-笨并三唑）-Pinene （α-蒎烯,α-松香二环烯）Salicylic acid (水杨酸)Iso-Propanol (异丙醇)Benzoic acid (苯甲酸)Ethanol (乙醇)Lysine (赖氨酸)Glutamic acid (谷氨酸,2-氨基戊二酸)Glyceroyl, （甘油酰）N,N,N',N'-Tetrakis-(2-hydroxypropyl)-ethylene-diamine （N，N，N，N-四（2-羟基丙基）乙烯二氨）Isoleucine, （异亮氨酸）Decamethylenedicarboxylic acid, disalicyloylhydrazide （Tris(2,3-dibromopropyl)isocyanurate（3（2，3-2溴丙基）异氰尿酸盐）3-(N-Salicyloyl)amino-1,2,4-triazole （3-（N-水杨酰）氨-1，2，4-三唑）Isocyanuric acid （异氰尿酸）Salicylamide （水杨酰胺）Polyethylene glycol （聚乙二醇）Diethylene glycol diethyl ether （二甘醇二乙醚，（一缩）二乙二醇二乙醚）Butyl carbitol （丁基卡必醇）Ethyl carbitol （乙基卡必醇）Methyl carbitol （甲基卡必醇）Ethylene glycol monobutyl ether （乙二醇单丁醚）Glutaric acid （戊二酸，谷酸）Succinic acid （琥珀酸，丁二酸）Citric acid （柠檬酸）Salicylic acid （水杨酸）Lactic acid （2-羟基丙酸，乳酸）Glycerin monostearate （甘油一硬脂酸）Pentaerythritol （季戊四醇）tetrakis[-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-phenyl)propionate] 四[β-（3，5-二叔丁基-4-羟基-苯基）丙酸酯Dioctyl sebacate （癸二酸二辛酯）N-Methyl pyrrolidone, （N-甲基吡咯烷酮）Diethylene glycol ethyl ether （二甘醇乙醚）Propylene glycol （丙二醇）Octanedioic acid （辛二酸）Oleamide （油酸酰胺）[olamine 乙醇胺]2-Mercapto benzothiazole （2-巯基-苯并噻唑）Nonanedioic acid, （壬二酸）cis-9-Octadecenoic acid, （顺式-9-十八炭烯酸，油酸）Sebacic acid, uses （癸二酸）12-Hydroxy stearic acid （十二羟基硬脂酸）Phthalic acid （苯二甲酸）1,1,3-Tris(2-methyl-4-hydroxy-5-tert-butylphenyl)butane （1，1，3-三（2-甲基-4-羟基-5-叔丁基苯基）丁烷）1,3,5-Trimethyl-2,4,6-tris(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl) benzene（1，3，5-三甲基-2，4，6-三（3，5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基）苯）1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone, （1-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮）Carbonic acid, （碳酸）Phthalic acid, （苯二甲酸）Malic acid （苹果酸,羟基丁二酸）2,3-Dibromo-2-butene-1,4-diol （2，3-二溴-2-丙烯-1，4-二醇）Cetylpyridinium bromide （溴代十六烷基吡啶）Pentanedioic acid （戊二酸） pentanediol (戊二醇) pentanoic acid ( 戊酸) pentanol (戊醇)Butanedioic acid, （丁二酸）1,2-Dibromoethylbenzene （1，2-二溴乙基苯）Salicylic acid, （水杨酸）Stearic acid （硬脂酸）Pentanedioic acid （戊二酸）Maleic acid, （马来酸，失水苹果酸）Phthalic acid, （苯二甲酸）Tartaric acid, （酒石酸）Acetic acid, （乙酸）Polyoxyethylene octylphenol ether （聚氧乙烯辛基酚醚，聚氧化亚乙基辛基分醚）Ethanedioic acid, （乙二酸）Polyethylene glycol （聚乙二醇）Diethylene glycol butyl ether （二甘醇丁醚）Diethylene glycol monoethyl ether （二甘醇单乙醚）Ethylene glycol monobutyl ether （乙二醇单丁醚）Pentaerythritol, （季戊四醇）Diglycol, （二甘醇，一缩二乙二醇）Hexylene glycol （己二醇）Ethylene glycol, （乙二醇）Glycerol, （甘油,丙三醇）Cyclobutanediamine （环丁烷二胺）Dibromobutenediol （二溴丁二醇）Cyclohexanediamine （环己烷二胺）Succinamide （琥珀酰胺，丁二酸胺）Ethylenediamine, （乙二胺）Triethanolamine, （三乙醇胺）5-Aminoisophthalic acid （5-氨基间苯二甲酸）p-tert-Butylbenzoic acid （对叔丁基苯甲酸）Propionic acid, （丙酸）Benzoic acid, （安息香酸, 苯(甲)酸）Salicylamide （水杨酰胺）Aniline, （苯胺）Palmitic acid, （棕榈酸, 十六酸, 软脂酸）Glutamic acid, （谷氨酸） Glutaric acid (谷酸，戊二酸) Glycine, （甘氨酸，氨基乙酸）Malic acid （苹果酸,羟基丁二酸）Adipic acid, （己二酸）Diethanolamine （二乙醇胺）Triethylamine, （三乙胺）Malic acid （苹果酸）Oxalic acid, （草酸）Oleic acid, （油酸）Glutaric acid (谷氨酸) Sorbic acid （山梨酸）sorbic alcohol (山梨醇)=sorbit。
(完整版)有机化学专业英语词汇(精)
有机化学专业英语词汇(精)acetal 醛缩醇acetal- 乙酰acid 酸-al 醛alcohol 醇-aldehyde 醛alkali- 碱allyl 烯丙基 [propenyl(丙烯基)] alkoxy- 烷氧基-amide 酰胺amino- 氨基的-amidine 脒-amine 胺-ane 烷anhydride 酐anilino- 苯胺基aquo- 含水的-ase 酶-ate 含氧酸的盐、酯-atriyne 三炔azo- 偶氮benzene 苯bi- 在盐类前表示酸式盐bis- 双-borane 硼烷bromo- 溴butyl 丁基-carbinol 甲醇carbonyl 羰基-carboxylic acid 羧酸centi- 10-2chloro- 氯代cis- 顺式condensed 缩合的、冷凝的cyclo- 环deca- 十deci 10-1-dine 啶dodeca- 十二-ene 烯epi- 表epoxy- 环氧-ester 酯-ether 醚ethoxy- 乙氧基ethyl 乙基fluoro- 氟代form 仿-glycol 二醇hemi- 半hendeca- 十一hepta- 七heptadeca- 十七hexa- 六hexadeca- 十六-hydrin 醇hydro- 氢或水hydroxyl 羟基hypo- 低级的，次hyper- 高级的，高-ic 酸的，高价金属-ide 无氧酸的盐，酰替胺，酐-il 偶酰-imine 亚胺iodine 碘iodo- 碘代iso- 异，等，同-ite 亚酸盐keto- 酮ketone 酮-lactone 内酯mega- 106meta- 间，偏methoxy- 甲氧基methyl 甲基micro- 10-6milli- 10-3mono- ( mon-) 一，单nano- 10-9nitro- 硝基nitroso- 亚硝基nona- 九nonadeca- 十九octa- 八octadeca- 十八-oic 酸的-ol 醇-one 酮ortho- 邻，正，原-ous 亚酸的，低价金属oxa- 氧杂-oxide 氧化合物-oxime 肟oxo- 酮oxy- 氧化-oyl 酰para- 对位，仲penta- 五pentadeca- 十五per- 高，过petro- 石油phenol 苯酚phenyl 苯基pico- 10-12poly- 聚，多quadri- 四quinque- 五semi- 半septi- 七sesqui 一个半sulfa- 磺胺sym- 对称syn- 顺式，同，共ter- 三tetra- 四tetradeca- 十四tetrakis- 四个thio- 硫代trans- 反式，超，跨thio- 硫代tri- 三trideca- 十三tris- 三个undeca- 十一uni- 单，一unsym- 不对称的，偏位-yl 基-ylene 撑(二价基，价在不同原子上) -yne 炔organic compounds 有机化合物compounds of carbon 碳化合物hydrocarbons and their derivatives 碳氢化合物及其衍生物organic chemistry 有机化学structure of molecule 分子结构chemical bond 化学键covalent bond 共价键hybrid orbital 杂化轨道bond length 键长bond angle 键角bond energy键能polarity 极性dissociation energy 离解能constitution构造contiguration构型conformation构象stereochemistry立体化学tetrahedral正四面体cis-顺trans-反isomerism同分异构现象isomer异构体stereoisomer立体异构constitutional isomer构造异构structural formula 结构式octet八隅体perspective 透视式eclipsed conformation重叠式构象staggered conformation交叉式构象newman projection纽曼投影式functional group 官能团chain compoud 链状化合物carbocyclic compound碳环化合物heterocyclic compound杂环化合物dipole-dipole interactions 偶极-偶极相互作用van der Waals forces 范德华力hydrogen bonding 氢键dipole moment偶极矩electronegativity 电负性physical property物理性质melting point熔点boiling point 沸点reaction mechanism反应机理homolysis均裂free redical自由基heterolysis异裂ionic type离子型electrophilic reagent亲电试剂electrophilic reaction亲电反应nucleophilic reagent亲核试剂nucleophilic reaction 亲核反应英文名汉文名Angular methyl group 角甲基Alkylidene group 亚烷基Allyl group 烯丙基Allylic 烯丙型[的]Phenyl group 苯基Aryl group 芳基Benzyl group 苄基Benzylic 苄型[的]Activating group 活化基团Chromophore 生色团Auxochrome 助色团Magnetically anisotropic group 磁各向异性基团Smally ring 小环Common ring 普通环Medium rimg 中环Large ring 大环Bridged-ring system 桥环体系Spiro compound 螺环化合物Helical molecule 螺旋型分子Octahedral compound 八面体化合物Conjugation 共轭Conjugated-system 共轭体系Acyl cation 酰[基]正离子Benzylic cation 苄[基]正离子Arenirm ion 芳[基]正离子Ketyl radical 羰自由基Radical ion 自由基离子Radical cation 自由基正离子Radical anion 自由基负离子Isomerism 异构[现象]Aci form 酸式Fluxional structure 循变结构Stereochemistry 立体化学Optical activity 光学活性Dextro isomer 右旋异构体Laevo isomer 左旋异构体Tetrahedral configuration 四面体构型Stereoisomerism 立体异构[现象] Asymmetric atom 不对称原子Asymmetric carbon 不对称碳Pseudoasymmetric carbon 假不对称碳Phantom atom 虚拟原子Homotopic 等位[的]Heterotopic 异位[的] Enantiotopic 对映异位[的] Diastereotopic 非对映异位[的] Configuration 构型Absolute configuration 绝对构型Chirality 手性Chiral 手性[的]Chiral center 手性中心Chiral molecule 手性分子Achiral 非手性[的]Fischer projection 费歇尔投影式Neoman projection 纽曼投影式D-L system of nomenclature D-L命名体系R-S syytem of nomenclature R-S命名体系Cahn-Ingold-Prelon sequence 顺序规则Symmetry factor 对称因素Plane of symmetry 对称面Mirror symmetry 镜面对称Enantiomer 对映[异构]体Diastereomer 非对映[异构]体Epimer 差向异构体Anomer 端基[差向]异构体Erythro configuration 赤型构型Erythro isomer 赤型异构体Threo configuration 苏型构型Threo isomer 苏型异构体Trigonal carbon 三角型碳Cis-trans isomerism 顺反异构E isomer E异构体Z isomer Z异构体Endo isomer 内型异构体Exo isomer 外型异构体Prochirality 前手性Pro-R group 前R基团Pro-S proup 前S基团Re face Re面Si face Si面Racemic mixture 外消旋混合物Racemic compound 外消旋化合物Racemic solid solution 外消旋固体溶液Meso compound 内消旋化合物Quasi recemate 准外消旋体Conformation 构象Conformational 构象分析Torsion angle 扭转角Rotamer 旋转异构体Anti conformation 反式构象Bisecting conformation 等分构象Anti periplanar conformation 反叠构象Synperiplanar conformation 顺叠构象Synclinal conformation 反错构象Synclinal conformation 顺错构象Eclipsed conformation 重叠构象Gauche conformation, skewcon-formation 邻位交叉构象Staggered conformation 对位交叉构象Steric effect 空间效应Steric hindrance 位阻Atropismer 阻转异构体Puckered ring 折叠环Conformational inversion 构象反转Chair conformation 椅型构象Boat conformation 船型构象Twist conformation 扭型构象Skew boat conformation 扭船型构象Half-chair conformation 半椅型构象Pseudorotation 假旋转Envelope conformation 信封[型]构象Axial bond 直[立]键Equatorial bond 平[伏]键Cisoid conformation 顺向构象Transoid conformation 反向构象Retention of configuration 构型保持Regioselectivity 区域选择性Regiospecificity 区域专一性Stereocelectivity 立体选择性Stereospecificty 立体专一性Conformer 构象异构体Conformational effect 构象效应Cram’s rube 克拉姆规则Prelog’rule 普雷洛格规则Stereochemical orientation 立体[化学]取向Conformational transmission 构象传递Homolog 同系物Ipso position 本位Ortho position 邻位Meta position 间位Para position 对位Amphi position 远位Peri position 近位Trigonal hybridization 三角杂化Molecular orbiral method 分子轨道法Valence bond method 价键法Delocalezed bond 离域键Cross conjugation 交叉共轭Vinylog 插烯物Mesomeric effect 中介效应Resonance 共振Resonance effect 共振效应Hyperconjugation 超共轭Isovalent hyperconjugation 等价超共轭No-bond resonance 无键共振Aromaticity 芳香性Aromatic sexter 芳香六隅Huckel’rule 休克尔规则Paramagnetic ring current 顺磁环电流Diamagnetic ring cruuent 抗磁环电流Homoaromaticity 同芳香性Antiaromaticity 反芳香性Alternant hydrocarbon 交替烃Non-alternant hydrocarbon 非交替烷Pericyclic reaction 周环反应Electrocyclic rearrangement 电环[化]重排Conrotatory 顺旋Disroatatory 对旋Cycloaddition 环加成Symmetry forbidden-reaction 对称禁阻反应Synfacial reaction 同面反应Antarafacial reaction 异面反应Mobius system 默比乌斯体系Leois structure 路易斯结构Coordinate-covalent bond 配位共价键Banana bond 香蕉键Pauling electronegativity scale 鲍林电负性标度Polarizability 可极化性Inductive effect 诱导效应Field effect 场效应Electrical effect 电场效应tautomerism 互变异构Tautomerization 互变异构化Keto-enol tautomerism 酮-烯醇互变异构Phenol-keto tautomerism 酚-酮互变异构Imine-enamine atutomerism 亚胺-烯胺互变异构Ring-chain tautomerism 环-链互变异构Valence tautomerism 价互变异构Ambident 两可[的]Solvent effect 溶剂效应Acid-base catalyxed reaction 酸性溶剂Basic solvent 碱性溶剂Dielectric constant 介电常数Solvated electron 溶剂化电子Acid-base catalyzed reaction 酸碱催化反应Conjugate base 共轭酸Conjugate base 共轭碱Therm odynamic acidity 热力学酸度Kinetic acidity 动力学酸度Electron donof-acceptor complex,EDAcomplex 电子给[体]受体络合物Host 主体Guest 客体Primary isotope effect 一级同位素效应Secondary isotope effect 二级同位数效应Inverse isotope effect 逆同位素效应Kinetic control 动力学控制Thermodynamic control 热力学控制Substrate 底物Intermediate 中间体Reactive intermediate 活泼中间体Microscopic reversibility 微观可逆性Hammond postulate 哈蒙德假说Linear free energy 线性自由能Non-bonded interaction 非键相互作用Torsional effect 扭转效应Pitzer strain 皮策张力Restricted rotation 阻碍旋转Eclipsing effect 重叠效应Eclipsing strain 重叠张力Small-angle strain 小角张力Large angle strain 大角张力Transannular interaction 跨环相互作用Transannular strain 跨环张力I strain 内张力F strain 前张力B strain 后张力Anomeric effect 端基异构效应Walden inversion 瓦尔登反转Racemization 外消旋化Isoinversion 等反转Isoracemization 等消旋Homochiral 纯手性[的] Mechanism 机理Unimolecular nucleophilic 单分子亲核取代Bimolecular nucleophilicsub-stitution 双分子亲核取代Bimolecular nucleophilicsubsti-tution(with allylic rearrange-ment) 双分子亲核取代（含烯丙型重排）Internal nucleophilicsubstiru-tion 分子内亲核取代Aromatic nucleophilicsubstitu-tion 芳香亲核取代Unimolecular electrophilicsub-stitution 单分子亲电取代Bimolecular electrophilicsubsti-tution 双分子亲电取代Nucleophile-assistedunimolecu-lar electrophilic substitution 亲核体协助单分子亲电取代Unimolecular elimination 单分子消除Bimolecular elimination 双分子消除Unimolecular elimination through the conjugate base 单分子共轭碱消除Bimolecular elimination through the conjugate base 双分子共轭碱消除Bimolecular elimination withfor-mation of a carbonyl group 双分子羰基形成消除Unimolecular acid-catalyzedacyl-oxygen cleavage 单分子酸催化酰氧断裂Bimolecular base-catalyzedacyl-oxygen cleavage 双分子碱催化酰氧断裂Unimolecular acid-catalyzedalkyl-oxygen cleavage 单分子酸催化烷氧断裂Bimllecular base-catalyzed al- kyl-oxygen cleavage 双分子碱催化烷氧断裂π-allyl complex mechanism π烯丙型络合机理Borderline mechanism 边理机理Homolysis 均裂Heterolysis 异裂Heterolytic michanism 异裂机理Counrer[gegen]ion 反荷离子Ion pair 离子对Carbocation 碳正离子Nonclassical carbocation 非经典碳正离子Carbanion 碳负离子Masked carbanion 掩蔽碳负离子Carbenoid 卡宾体Carbene 卡宾Nitrene 氮宾Carbine 碳炔Electrophilic addition 亲电加成Electrophile 亲电体Diaxial addition 双直键加成Markovnikov’s rube 马尔科夫尼科规则Anti-Markovnikov addition 反马氏加成Michael addition 迈克尔加成Substitution 取代Electrophilic substitution 亲电取代Addition-elimination mechanism 加成消除机理Electrophilic aromaticsubstitu-tion 亲电芳香取代Electron transfer 电子转移Electron-donating group 给电子基团Electron-Withdrawing group 吸电子基团Deactivating group 钝化基团Orinentation 取向Ortho-para directing group 邻对位定位基Meta directing group 间位定位基Ortho effect 邻位效应Partial rate factor 分速度系数Nucleophilic reaction 亲核反应Internal return 内返Nucleophilicity 亲核体Nucleophilicity 亲核性α-effect α-效应Backside attack 背面进攻Inversion 反转Umbrella effect 伞效应Push-pull effect 推拉效应Leaving group 离去基团Electrofuge 离电体Nucleofuge 离核体Phase-transfer catalysis 相转移催化Neighboring group participation 邻基基参与Neighboring proupassistance,anchimeric assistance 邻助作用Neighboring group effect 邻基效应Apofacial reaction 反面反应Briddgehead displacement 桥头取代Aryl action 芳正离子Benzyne 苯炔Zaitsev rule 札依采夫规则Anti-Zaitsev orientation 反札依采夫定向Hofmann’s rule 霍夫曼规则Bredt rule 布雷特规则Initiation 引发Anionic cleavage 负离子裂解Partial bond fixation 键[的]部分固定化02．3有机化学反应Alkylation 烷基化C- alkylation C-烷基化O- alkylation O-烷基化N-alkylation N-烷基化Silylation 硅烷[基]化Exhaustive methylation 彻底甲基化Seco alkylation 断裂烷基化Demethylation 脱甲基化Ethylation 乙基化Arylation 芳基化Acylation 酰化Formylation 甲酰化Carbalkoxylation 烷氧羰基化Carboamidation 氨羰基化Carboxylation 羧基化Amination 氨基化Bisamination 双氨基化Cine substitution 移位取代Transamination 氨基交换Hydroxylation 羟基化acyloxyation 酰氧基化Decarboxylative nitration 脱羧卤化Allylic halogenation 烯丙型卤化Dehalogenation 脱卤Nitration 硝化Decarboxylative nitration 脱羧硝化Nitrosation 亚硝化Sulfonation 磺化Chlorosulfonation 氯磺酰化Desulfonation 脱磺酸基Sulfenylation 亚磺酰化Sulfonylation 磺酰化Chlorosulfenation 氯亚磺酰化Chlorocarbonylation 氯羰基化Diazotization 重氮化Diazo transfer 重氮基转移Coupling reaction 偶联反应Diazonium coupling 重氮偶联Cross-coupling reaction 交叉偶联反应1,4-addition 1，4-加成Conjugate addition 共轭加成Dimerization 二聚Trimefization 三聚Additive dimerization 加成二聚sulfurization 硫化Selenylation 硒化Hydroboration 硼氢化Oxyamination 羟氨基化Insertion 插入carbonylation 羧基化Hydroformylation 加氢甲酰基化Hydroacylation 加氢酰化Oxo process 羰基合成Decarbonylation 脱羰Hydrocarboxylation 氢羧基化Homologization 同系化Cyanoethylation 氰乙基化Decyanoethylation 脱氰乙基Ring clsure 环合Diene synthesis 双烯合成Dienophile 亲双烯体Endo addition 内型加成Exo addition 外型加成Diels-Alder reaction 第尔斯-尔德反应Retro Diels-Alder reaction 逆第尔斯-阿尔德反应Ene synthesis 单烯合成Anionic cycloaddition 负离子环加成Dipolar addition 偶极加成- elimination -消除- elimination -消除- elimination -消除-elimination -消除Dehydrohalogenation 脱卤化氢Deamination 脱氨基Pyrolytic elimination 热解消除Elimination-addition 消除-加成Decarboxylation 脱羧Decarboxamidation 脱酰胺Decyanation 脱氰基Alkylolysis,alkyl cleavage 烷基裂解Acylolysis,acyl cleavage 酰基裂解Flash pyrolysis 闪热裂Fragmentation 碎裂Chiletropic reaction 螯键反应Chelation 螯环化Esterification 酯化Transesterification 酯交换Saponification 皂化Alcoholysis 醇解Ethanolysis 乙醇解Cyanomethylation 氰甲基化Aminomethylation 氨甲基化Hydroxymethylation 羟甲基化Hydroxyalkylation 羟烷基化Cholromethylation 氯甲基化Haloalkylation 卤烷基化Transacetalation 缩醛交换Enolization 烯醇化Haloform reaction 卤仿反应Condensation 缩合Aldol condensation 羟醛缩合Cross aldol condensation 交叉羟醛缩合Retrograde aldol condensation 逆羟醛缩合Acyloin condensation 偶姻缩合Cyclization 环化Annulation,annelation 增环反应Spiroannulation 螺增环Autoxidation 自氧化Allylic hydroperoxylation 烯丙型氢过氧化Epoxidation 环氧化Oxonolysis 臭氧解Electrochemical oxidation 电化学氧化Oxidative decarboxylation 氧化脱羧Aromatization 芳构化Catalytic hydrogenation 催化氢化Heterogeneous hydrogenation 多相氢化Homogeneous hydrogenation 均相氢化Catalytic dehydrogenation 催化脱氢Transfer hydrogenation 转移氢化Hydrogenolysis 氢解Dissolving metal reduction 溶解金属还原Single electron transfer 单电子转移Bimolecular reduction 双分子还原Electrochemical reduction 电化学还原Reductive alkylation 还原烷基化Reductive acylation 还原酰化Reductive dimerization 还原二聚Deoxygenation 脱氧Desulfurization 脱硫Deselenization 脱硒Mitallation 金属化Lithiation 锂化Hydrometallation 氢金属化Mercuration 汞化Oxymercuration 羟汞化Aminomercuration 氨汞化Abstraction 夺取[反应]Internal abstraction 内夺取[反应] Rearrangement 重排Prototropic rearrangement 质了转移重排Double bond migration 双键移位Allylic migration 烯丙型重排Allylic migration 烯丙型迁移Ring contraction 环缩小[反应] Ring expansion,ring enlargement 扩环[反应]-ketol rearrangement -酮醇重排Pinacol rearrangement 频哪醇重排Retropinacol rearrangement 逆频哪醇重排Semipinacol rearrangement 半频哪醇重排Benzilic rearrangement 二苯乙醇酸重排Acyl rearrangement 酰基重排Migratory aptitude 迁移倾向Transannular insertion 跨环插入Transannular rearrangement 跨环重排Migration 迁移Prototropy 质子转移Cationotropic rearrangement 正离子转移重排Anionotropy 负离子转移Anionotropic rearrangement 负离子转移重排Sigmatropic rearrangement -迁移重排Homosigmatropic rearrangement 同迁移重排Electrophilic rearrangement 亲电重排Photosensitization 光敏化Forbidden transition 禁阻跃迁photooxidation 光氧化Photoisomerization 光异构化Photochemical rearrangement 光化学重排2．4 有机化合物类名Aliphatic compound 脂肪族化合物Hpdrocarbon 碳氢化合物Alkane 烷Wax 蜡Paraffin wax 石蜡Alkene 烯Alkyen 炔Acetylide 炔化物Active hydrogen compounds 活泼氢化合物Carbon acid 碳氢酸Super acid 超酸Diene 双烯Triene 三烯Allene 丙二烯Ccumulene 累积多烯Enyne 烯炔Diyne 二炔Alkyl halide 卤代烷Alcohol 醇Homoallylic alcohol 高烯丙醇Ether 醚Epoxide 环氧化物Cellosolve 溶纤剂Crown ether 冠醚Netro compound 硝基化合物Amine 胺Quaternaryammonium com-pound 季铵化合物Amine oxide 氧化胺Diazoalkane 重氮烷Mercaptan 硫醇Sulfonic acid 磺酸Sulfoxide 亚砜Sulfone 砜Aldehyde 醛Detone 酮Aldehyde hydrate 醛水合物Ketone hydrate 酮水合物Hemiacetal 半缩醛Acetal 缩醛Ketal 缩酮Dithiane 二噻烷Aminal 缩醛胺imine 亚胺Aldimine 醛亚胺Oxime 肟Aldimine 醛肟Oxime 亚硝基化合物aldoxime 硝酮Hydrazone 腙Azine 嗪Semicarbazone 缩氯基脲Cyanohydrin 羟腈Pinacol 频哪醇Enol 烯醇Enol ether 烯醇醚Enol ester 烯醇酯Enamine 烯胺Ynamine 炔胺Mannich base 曼尼希碱Carboxylic acid 羧酸Ester 酯orthoester 原酸酯Acyl halide 酰卤Acyl fluoride 酰氟Acyl chloride 酰氯Acyl rtomide 酰溴Acyl iodide 酰碘Carbobenzoxy chloride 苄氧甲酰氯Acyl tosylate 酰基对甲苯磺酸酐Ketene 乙烯酮Peracid 过酸Perester 过酸酯Acyl peroxide 酰基过氧化物Nitrile 腈Nitrile oxide 氧化腈Isonitrile 异腈Amide 酰胺Imide 二酰亚胺N-bromo compound N-溴化物Hydrazide 酰肼Acyl azide 酰叠氮Amidine 脒Keto ester 酮酸酯Acyl cyanide 酰腈Carbon suboxide 二氧化三碳Glycidic acid 环氧丙酸Carbammic acid 氨基甲酸Carbamate 氨基甲酸酯Urea 脲Cyanamide 氨腈Carbodiimide 碳二亚胺Allophanate 脲基甲酸酯Thioester 硫代酸酯Thiol acid 硫羰酸Lactone 内酯Lactol 内半缩醛Macrolide 大环内酯Amino acid 氨基酸Zwitterions 两性离子Inner salt 内盐Betaine 甜菜碱Lactam 内酰胺Hydantion 乙内酰脲Peptide 肽Glycol 二醇Aldol 羟醛Acyloin 偶姻Carbohydrate 碳水化合物Aldose 醛糖Ketose 酮糖Furanose 呋喃糖Pyranose 吡喃糖Glycoside 糖苷Glucoside 葡[萄]糖苷Aglycon 苷元Saccharide 糖类Oligosaccharide 寡糖Polysaccharide 多糖Alditol 糖醇Osazone 脎Alicyclic compound 脂环化合物Cycloalkene 环烷Spirane 环烯Cage compound 螺烷Propellane 笼型化合物Rotazane 螺桨烷Catenane 轮烷Rused ring 索烃11。
有机专业英语
有机化学词汇Acetal ['æsitæl]【缩醛】acetic [ə'sitik] acid 【乙酸】acetic anhydride[æn`haidraid] 【乙酸酐】Acetone ['æsitəun]【丙酮】Acetylene [ə'setili:n]【乙炔】acid chloride ['klɔ:raid]【酰氯】acidify [ə'sidifai]【酸化】acidolysis [,æsi'dɔlisis]【酸解(作用)】acrylic [ə'krilik] aci d 【丙烯酸】acylation[ˏæsi'leiʃ(ə)n] 【酰化作用】Addition [ə'diʃən]【添加、加成】adduct [ə'dʌkt]【加合物】Aldehyde['ældihaid]【醛】Alkaline ['ælkəlain]【碱】alkane['ælkein]【烷烃】alkene['ælki:n]【烯烃】alkylation [ˏælki'leiʃ(ə)n]【烷基化】alkyne['ælkain]【炔烃】aluminum [ə'l uːmɪnəm] 【铝】amide ['æmaid]【酰胺】Amidine ['æmiˏdi:n]【脒】Amine[ə'miːn]【胺】ammonia ['æməuniə]【氨（水）】Analogous [ə'næləgəs]【类似物】Anhydrous [æn'haɪdrəs]【无水的】aniline [`ænili:n]【苯胺】Anisole ['æniˏsəul]【苯甲醚】Anomeric ['ænəˏmerik] Effect【端基异构效应】anthranilic [ænθ'rənilik] aci d【邻氨基苯甲酸】Aprotic[ə'prəutik] 【非质子的】Aqueous ['eikwiəs]【水相（的）】Asymmetric ['eisi'metrik]【不对称】Axial ['æksiəl]【直立（键）的】Azeotropic [əˏzi:ə'trɔpik]【共沸的】Aziridine【氮杂环丙烷】azomethane [ˏæzəu'meθein]【偶氮甲烷】Barbituric [ˏbɑrbi`tjurik] acid【巴比妥酸】Bench [bentʃ] 【实验台】benzoic [ben'zəuik] acid 【苯甲酸】benzoyl['benzəuil]peroxide [pə'rɔksaid] 【过氧化苯甲酰】benzyl ['benzil] 【苄基】phenyl ['fiːnaɪl]【苯基】benzyloxy [ˏbenzi'lɔksi]【苄氧基的】borane ['bəurein] 【硼烷】Brine [brain]【盐水】bromination ['brəumineiʃən]【溴代】bromine['brəumi:n]【溴】Bulky['bʌlki]【体积较大的】cadmium ['kædmiəm] oxide氧化镉calcium ['kælsiəm] chloride【氯化钙】Carbamate ['kɑ:bəmeit]【氨基甲酸酯(或盐)】Carbanion ['kɑ:bənaiən]【碳负离子】carbazole ['kɑ:bəzəul]【咔唑】Carbocation [ˏkɑ:bə'keiʃən]【碳正离子】Carbonic [kɑ:'bɔnik] acid 【碳酸】Carbonyl ['kɑ:bənil]【羰基】Carboxylic [ˏkɑ:bɔk'silik] 【羧基的】Carobohydrate['kɑ:bəu'haidreit]【碳水化合物】Catalysis [kə`tælisis]【催化（作用）】Catalyst [`kætəlist] 【催化剂】Catalytical [kætə`litikəl] 【催化的】Chamber ['tʃeimbə]【（薄层用）展缸】Chemoselectivity 【化学选择性】chiral [`kairəl] 【手性的】chlorination[ˏklɔ:ri'neiʃən]【氯代】chlorine['klɔ:ri:n]【氯】chloroform ['klɔ(:)rəfɔ:m]【氯仿】Chloroformate[ˏklɔ:rə'fɔ:meit]【氯甲酸脂】chloromethylation[klɔ:rəˏmeθi'leiʃən 【氯甲基化】chlorosulfonation [ˏkləurəˏsʌlfə'neiʃən] 【氯磺化】Cleavage['kliːvɪdʒ]【分离，脱除】Cocaine[kə'kein]【可卡因】Column['kɒləm]chromatography[ˌkrəuməˈtɔɡrəfi]【柱层析】Component [kəm'pəunənt]【组分】Concentrate ['kɔnsentreit]【浓缩】condensed sulfuric [sʌl'fjuərik] acid【浓硫酸】Condenser [kən'densə]【冷凝管】Confirmation [ˏkɔnfɔ:'meiʃən] 【构型】conjugation [ˏkɔndʒu'geiʃən]【偶和】conversi on [kən'və:ʃən] ratio ['reiʃiəu] 【转化率】Crystalline ['kristəlain]【晶体】cuprous ['kju:prəs] cyanide['saiənaid]【氰化亚铜】Decarboxylation [ˏdikɑ:ˏbɔksə'leiʃən]【脱羧】Decompose [ˏdi:kəm'pəuz]【分解】degradation [ˏdegrə'deiʃən]【降解】dehydrate [di:'haidreit] 【脱水】Deprotection【脱保护】Derivative [di'rivətiv]【衍生物】Dessicator ['desikeitə:]【干燥剂】DI (de-ion) water【去离子水】Diastereotopic [ˏdaiəstiəriə'tɔpik]【非对映的】diazonium [ˏdaiə'zəuniəm]salt【重氮盐】dichloromethane [daiˏklɔ:rə'meθein]【二氯甲烷】dilation [dai'leiʃən]【膨胀】dilute [dai'lju:t] 【稀释】Dimethyl sulfide['sʌlfaid]【二甲硫醚】Dioxane [dai'ɔksein]【二噁烷】Dipole['daipəul]【偶极】displacement [dis'pleismənt] 【取代】dissolve [di'zɔlv]【溶解】Distillation [ˏdisti'leiʃən]【蒸馏】Dry ice trap【干冰冷阱】Eclipse [i'klips] 【使失色】Electron deficency【缺电子】Electron donating group【供电基】Electron rich【富电子】Electron withdrawing group【吸电基】electrophile [i`lektrəfail] 【亲电试剂】Elimination [iˏlimi'neiʃən]【消除】Eluent ['eljuənt]【淋洗液】emulsification [iˏmʌlsifi'keiʃən] 【乳化】Enamine [i'næmin]【烯胺】Enantioselective [eˏnæntiəsi'le ktiv]【对映选择性的】enol['i:nɔl]【烯醇】Enone ['i:nɔn]【烯酮】Enzyme ['enzaim]【酶】Epoxide [e'pɔksaid]【环氧化物】epoxyethane [e'pɔksiθein]【环氧乙烷】Equatorial [ˏekwə'tɔ:riəl]【平伏（键）的】Equilibrium [ˏi:kwi'libriəm]【平衡】equivalent [i'kwivələnt]【当量的】Ester['estə]【脂】Esterificati on[esˏterifi'keiʃən]【酯化】Ethanol ['eθənɔl]【乙醇】Ether ['i:θə]【醚】Ethyl ['eθil]【乙基】Ethyl acetate ['æsiˏteit]【乙酸乙酯】Evaporation [iˏvæpə'reiʃən] 【蒸发】Filter ['filtə]【过滤器】Filter Cake【滤饼】Filtrate ['filtreit]【滤液】Filtration [fil'treiʃən]【过滤】fluorination[ˏflu:əri'neiʃən]【氟代】fluorine['fluəri:n]【氟】formalin ['fɔ:məlin] 【甲醛溶液】Formic['fɔmik] acid 【甲酸】fuming nitric ['naitrik] acid【发烟硝酸】Functional ['fʌŋkʃənl] group【官能团】Furan ['fjuəræn]【呋喃】Gauche [gəuʃ] 【构象】Glovebox [glʌvə'bɔks]【手套箱】glycerol['glisəˏrɔl]； glyc erin ['glisərin] 【甘油，丙三醇】Glycine ['glaisi:n]【氨基乙酸】glycol['glaikɔl] 【乙二醇】Glycoside ['glaikəˏsaid]【糖苷】Guanidine ['gwænədi:n]【胍】Guanine ['gwɑ:ni:n]【鸟嘌呤】halide['hælaid]【卤化物】halogen['hælədʒən]【卤素】harsh [hɑ:ʃ] 【（反应）苛刻的】heating mental ['mentl] 【加热套】het erogeneous [ˏhetərəu'dʒi:niəs]【非均相的】heterolysis [ˏhetə'rɔlisis] 【异裂】homogeneous [ˏhɔməu'dʒi:njəs]【均相的】homolysis [hɔ'mɔlisis] 【均裂】Hood [hud] 【通风橱】HPLC【高效液相色谱】hydrazide [`haidrəˏzi:n]【酰肼】hydrazine [`haidrəˏzi:n]【肼】hydrazone [`haidrəˏzəun]【腙】Hydro gen ['haidrəudʒən] 【氢】Hydrogenolysis [ˏhaidrəudʒə'nɔləsis]【氢化】Hydrogenous [hai'drɔdʒinəs] 【含氢的】hydrolysis [hai`drɔlisis] 【水解(作用)】hydroxyl[hai`drɔksil] groups 【羟基】Hygroscopic [ˏhaigrəu'skɔpik] 【吸湿的】Hypochlorite [ˏhaipəu'klɔ:rait] 【次氯酸盐】Imidazole [ˏimi'dæzəul]【咪唑】Imide['imaid]【酰亚胺】Imine['imi:n]【亚胺】Impuritiy [im'pjuəriti]【杂质】in large scale【大量】indazole ['indəzəul]【吲唑】indole [' indəul]【吲哚】Infrared ['infrə'red]【红外】Intermolecular [ˏintə:mə'lekjulə]【分子间的】Intramolecular [ˏintrəmə'lekjulə]【分子内的】Introduction【引入】iodination['aiədineiʃən]【碘代】iodine['aiədain]【碘】i-Propanol['prəupænəl]【异丙醇】Irradiation [iˏreidi'eiʃən]【光照】Isocynate [aisəu'saiəneit]【异氰酸酯(或盐)】isomer ['aisɔmə] 【同分异构体】Isomerization [aiˏsɔmərai'zeiʃən]【异构化】isoquinoline【异喹啉】Isothiocynate [aisəuˏθaiəu'saiəneit]【异硫氰酸酯】isotope ['aisəutəup] 【同位素】Ketone['ki:təun]【酮】Kinetic [kai'netik]【动力学的】Labile ['leibail]【不稳定的】Lachrymator ['lækriˏmeitə]【催泪剂】Lactam['læktæm]【内酰胺】Lactone['læktəun]【内酯】LC-MS【液质联用仪】Lead[li:d] acetate['æsiˏteit]【醋酸铅】Liga nd ['laigənd]【配体】linear['liniə]【直链的】Lipophilic [ˏlipə`filik] 【亲脂性的】lithium ['liθiəm] 【锂】magnesium[mæg'ni:zjəm] sulfate['sʌlfeit]【硫酸镁】Mechanical [mi'kænikl] stirring apparatus [ˏæpə'reitəs]【机械搅拌装置】Mechanism ['mekənizəm]【机理】Meta-['metə]【间-, 偏-，次-】Me thanol ['meθənɔl]【甲醇】Methodology [meθə'dɔlədʒi]【方法学】Methoxyl [me'θɔksil]【甲氧基】Methyl ['meθil]【甲基】Microwave ['maikrəuweiv]【微波】Migration [mai'greiʃən]【迁移】mild [maild]【（反应）温和的】miscible ['misibl]【混溶的】Molecular [məu'lekjulə]sieve[siv]【分子筛】Morphine['mɔ:fi:n]【吗啡】Morpholine['mɔ:fɔˏli:n]【吗啡啉】n-Butanol['bjutənəul]【正丁醇】neutralize ['nju:trəlaiz] 【中和】n-hexane [hek'sein]【正己烷】Nickel ['nikl] 镍nitration[nai'treiʃən]【硝化】nitrile [`naitrail]【腈】Nitrogen ['naitrədʒən] 【氮】nitromethane [ˏnaitrə'meθein]【硝基甲烷】Ni tromethane[ˏnaitrə'meθein]【硝基甲烷】Nitrosation [naitrə'seiʃə:n] 【亚硝化】nucleophilic [ˏnju:kliəu'filik] 【亲核的】Olefin ['əuləfin]【烯烃】Oligosaccharide[ˏɔligəu'sækəraid]【寡糖】Organometallic[ˏɔ:gənəumi'tælik]【有机金属的】Ortho-['ɔθə]【邻-，正-，原-】Orthoformate[ˏɔθə'fɔmeit] 【原甲酸脂】Oxalic acid [ɔk'sælik]【草酸】oxidation[ɔksi'deiʃən] 【氧化】oxime ['ɔksi:m]【肟】Oxygen ['ɔksidʒən] 【氧】ozonolysis [ ,əuzəu'nɔlisis ] 【臭氧分解】Palladium [pə'leidiəm]【钯】Para-['pærə]【对-，仲-，副-】Peptide ['peptaid]【肽】pericyclic [peri'saiklik] reaction【周环反应】Petroleum [pi'trəuliəm] ether【石油醚】Phenol ['fi:nəl]【苯酚】phenyl ['fenəl]【苯基】Phosgene['fɔzdʒi:n]【光气】phosphorous ['fɔsfərəs] tribromide [trai'brəumaid]【三溴化磷】phosphorus ['fɔsfərəs] 【磷】phosphorus oxychloride [ˏɔksi'klɔ:raid] 【三氯氧磷】Phthalimide['θælimaid]【邻苯二甲酰亚胺】piperazine [pi'perəzi:n]【哌嗪】piperidine [pi'peridi:n]【哌啶】Poisoned ['pɔiznd]【中毒的】poly phosphoric [fɔs'fɔrik] acid 【多聚磷酸】Polymerization[ˏpɔlimərai'zeiʃən]【聚合】potassium[pə'tæsiəm] hydroxide [hai`drɔksaid]【氢氧化钾】Precursor [pri(:)'kə:sə] 【前体】Prepar ative [pri'pærətiv] TLC【制备薄层色谱】Primary ['praiməri]【伯-】protease ['prəutieis]【蛋白酶】Protic ['prəutik]【质子的】Proton ['prəutɔn]【质子】Purging ['pə:dʒiŋ]【鼓气】Purification [ˏpjuərifi'keiʃən]【纯化】pyridine ['piridi:n]【吡啶】pyrimidine[piri'midi:n]【嘧啶】pyrolidine[pi'rəuliˏdi:n] 【四氢吡咯】pyrolysis [ˏpaiə'rɔlisis] 【热解】pyrrole ['piərəul]【吡咯】Quaternisation[kwɔtənai'seiʃən]【季铵盐化】Quench [kwentʃ]【淬灭】quinoline ['kwinəli:n]【喹啉】quinoxaline [kwi'nɔksəli:n]【喹喔啉】racemic [rə'si:mik]【消旋的】Radical ['rædikəl] initiator [i'niʃiei tə]【自由基引发剂】reactant [ri:'æktənt]【反应物】Rearrangement [ˏri:ə'reindʒmənt]【重排】Recrystallization ['rikristəlai'zeiʃən]【重结晶】Reduced [ri'dju:st] pressure 【减压】reduction[ridʌkʃən] 【还原】Regioselective ['ri:dʒəu si'lektiv]【区域选择性的】Removal [ri'mu:vəl]【除去】Rotava por [ˏrəutə'veipə]【旋蒸】Route [`raut]【路线】Run column【用柱层析分离】salicylate [sæ'lisileit]【水杨酸酯（或盐）】saponification [səpɔnifi'keiʃən]【皂化】saturated ['sætʃəreitid]【饱和的】Scheme [ski:m]【图示】Secondary ['sekəndəri]【仲-】Selenium[si'li:niəm]【硒】Separation [sepə'reiʃən]【分离】Separatory/ addition/ Büchner funnel ['fʌnəl]【分液/加料/布什】side chain【侧链】silicon ['silikən] oil bath 【（硅）油浴】sink [siŋk]【水槽】sodium azide [`eizaid]【叠氮化钠】sodium bicarbonate [bai'kɑ:bənit]【碳酸氢钠】sodium borohydride [ˏbɔ:rə'haidraid]【硼氢化钠】sodium carbonate【碳酸钠】Sodium Citrate ['sitrit]【柠檬酸钠】sodium hydride [haidraid] 【氢化钠】Sodium Hydrosulfite [ˏhaidrəu'sʌlfait] 【连二亚硫酸钠、保险粉】sodium nitrite ['naitrait]【亚硝酸钠】sodium thiosulfate [ˏθaiəu'sʌlfeit]【硫代硫酸钠】spatula ['spætjulə] 【刮刀】Stability [stə'biliti]【稳定性】St ereoselectivity [ˏstiəriəˏsilek'tiviti]【立体选择性】Steric ['sterik] hindrance[`hindrəns]【立体位阻】Steroid['stirɔid]【甾族化合物】stir bar 【搅拌子】Stoichiometric [ˏstɔikiəuˋmєtrik]【化学量的】Stopcock ['stɔpkɔk] 【旋塞阀】Stopper ['stɔpə]【塞子】Strategy ['strætidʒi]【策略】Sublima tion [ˏsʌbli'meiʃən] 【升华】substituent [sʌb'stitjuənt]【取代基】Substrate ['sʌbstreit]【底物、培养基】Sulfonamide【sʌl'fɔnəmaid】【磺酰胺】sulfonation[ˏsʌlfə'neiʃən]【磺化】sulfone ['sʌlfəun] 【砜】Sulfonyl['sʌlfənil]chloride【磺酰氯】sulfoxide [sʌl'fɔksaid]【亚砜】Sulfur['sʌlfə]【硫】su sceptible [sə'septəbl]【易受影响的】Synthesis ['sinθisis]【合成】Synthon ['sinθɔn]【合成子】Syringe ['sirindʒ]【注射器】Tare [tєə]【去皮】Tautomer ['tɔ:təmə]【（互变）异构体】Tertiary ['tə:ʃəri]【叔-】Thermodynamic ['θə:məudai'næmik]【热力学的】Thin-layer-chromatography[ˏkrəumə'tɔgrəfi] T LC【薄层色谱】Thiocyanate[θaiəu'saiəneit]【硫氰酸酯】Thiolate ['θaiəuleit]【硫醇脂(或盐)】thionyl['θaiənil] chloride【氯化亚砜】thiophene ['θaiəˏfi:n] 【噻吩】Thiourea [ˏθaiəujuə'riə]【硫脲】Tin(II) chloride【二氯化锡】Titration [tai'treiʃən]【滴定】toluene ['tɔljui:n] 【甲苯】Transesterificat ion [trænsəsˏterəfi'keiʃən]【酯交换】Transformation [ˏtrænsfə'meiʃən]【转化】transition [træn'ziʒən] state 【过渡态】Triethylamine [traiˏeθələ'mi:n]【三乙胺】triflate[trifleit]【三氟甲磺酸酯（或盐）】trifluoroacetate [traifluərə'æsiteit]【三氟乙酸酯（或盐）】Triphenylphosphine [traiˏfenəl'fɔsfi:n] oxide ['ɔksaid] 【三苯氧磷】Triphosgene【三光气】Trituration [tritju'reiʃən]【研磨】Ultrasonication[ˏʌltrəˏsɔni'keiʃən]【超声作用】ultraviolet ['ʌltrə'vaiəlit] active【紫外显色】Urea ['juəriə]【尿素】Vacuum ['vækjuəm] 【真空】vacuum hose [həuz]【真空管】vacuum pump [pʌmp]【真空泵】volatile ['vɔlətail]【易挥发的】V olumetric [vɔlju'metrik] 【测体积的】Weighing ['weiiŋ] paper【称量纸】xylene ['zaili:n]【二甲苯】Zinc[ziŋk] 【锌】acidolysis [ˏæsi`dɔlisis] 【酸解(作用)】Addition [ə'diʃən]【添加、加成】adduct [ə'dʌkt]【加合物】Analogous [ə'næləgəs]【类似物】Anomeric ['ænəˏm erik] Effect 【端基异构效应】Aprotic[ə'prəutik] 【非质子的】Aqueous ['eikwiəs]【水相（的）】Asymmetric ['eisi'metrik]【不对称】Axial ['æksiəl]【直立（键）的】Azeotropic [əˏzi:ə'trɔpik]【共沸的】Bench [bentʃ] 【实验台】Catalysis [kə`tælisis]【催化（作用）】Catalyst [`kætəlist] 【催化剂】Catalytical [kætə`litikəl] 【催化的】Chamber ['tʃeimbə]【（薄层用）展缸】Chemoselectivity 【化学选择性】chiral [`kairəl] 【手性的】Cleavage【分离，脱除】column chromatography【柱层析】Component [kəm'pəunənt]【组分】Concentrate ['kɔnsentreit]【浓缩】Condenser [kən'densə]【冷凝管】Confirmation [ˏkɔnfɔ:'meiʃən] 【构型】conjugation [ˏkɔndʒu'geiʃən]【偶和】conversion [kən'və:ʃən] ratio ['reiʃiəu] 【转化率】Crystalline ['kristəlain]【晶体】Decompose [ˏdi:kəm'pəuz]【分解】degradation [ˏdegrə'deiʃən]【降解】dehydrate [di:'haidreit] 【脱水】Deprotection【脱保护】Derivative [di'rivətiv]【衍生物】Dessica tor ['desikeitə:]【干燥剂】DI (de-ion) water【去离子水】Diastereotopic [ˏdaiəstiəriə'tɔpik] 【非对映的】dilation [dai'leiʃən]【膨胀】dilute [dai'lju:t] 【稀释】displacement [dis'pleismənt] 【取代】dissolve [di'zɔlv]【溶解】Distillation [ˏdisti'leiʃən]【蒸馏】Dry ice trap【干冰冷阱】Eclipse [i'klips] 【使失色】electrophile [i`lektrəfail] 【亲电试剂】Elimination [iˏlimi'neiʃən]【消除】Eluent ['eljuənt]【淋洗液】emulsification [iˏmʌlsifi'keiʃən] 【乳化】Enantioselective [eˏnæntiəsi'lektiv] 【对映选择性的】Equatorial [ˏekwə'tɔ:riəl]【平伏（键）的】Equilibrium [ˏi:kwi'libriəm]【平衡】equivalent [i'kwivələnt]【当量的】Evaporation [iˏvæpə'reiʃən] 【蒸发】Filter ['filtə]【过滤器】Filter Cake【滤饼】Filtrate ['filtreit]【滤液】Filtration [fil'treiʃən]【过滤】formalin ['fɔ:məlin] 【甲醛溶液】Functional ['fʌŋkʃənl] group【官能团】Gauche [gəuʃ] 【构象】Glovebox [glʌvə'bɔks]【手套箱】harsh [hɑ:ʃ] 【（反应）苛刻的】heating mental ['mentl] 【加热套】heterogeneous [ˏhetərəu'dʒi:niəs] 【非均相的】heterolysis [ˏhetə'rɔlisis] 【异裂】homogeneous [ˏhɔməu'dʒi:njəs]【均相的】homolysis [hɔ'mɔlisis] 【均裂】Hood [hud] 【通风橱】HPLC【高效液相色谱】Hydrogenolysis [ˏhaidrəudʒə'nɔləsis]【氢化】Hydrogenous [hai'drɔdʒinəs] 【含氢的】hydrolysis [hai`drɔlisis] 【水解(作用)】Hygroscopic [ˏhaigrəu'skɔpik] 【吸湿的】Impuritiy [im'pjuəriti]【杂质】in large scale【大量】Infrared ['infrə'red]【红外】Introduction【引入】isomer ['aisɔmə] 【同分异构体】Isomerization [aiˏsɔmərai'zeiʃən]【异构化】isotope ['aisəutəup] 【同位素】Kinetic [kai'netik]【动力学的】Labile ['leibail]【不稳定的】Lachrymator ['lækriˏmeitə]【催泪剂】LC-MS【液质联用仪】Ligand ['laigənd]【配体】Lipophilic [ˏlipə`filik] 【亲脂性的】Mechanical [mi'kænikl] stirring apparatus [ˏæpə'reitəs]【机械搅拌装置】Mechanism ['mekənizəm]【机理】Methodology [meθə'dɔlədʒi]【方法学】Microwave ['maikrəuweiv]【微波】Migration [mai'greiʃən]【迁移】mild [maild]【（反应）温和的】miscible ['misibl]【混溶的】neutralize ['nju:trəlaiz] 【中和】Nitrosation [naitrə'seiʃə:n] 【亚硝化】nucleophilic [ˏnju:kliəu'f ilik] 【亲核的】ozonolysis [ ,əuzəu'nɔlisis ] 【臭氧分解】pericyclic [peri'saiklik] reaction【周环反应】Poisoned ['pɔiznd]【中毒的】Precursor [pri(:)'kə:sə] 【前体】Preparative [pri'pærətiv] TLC【制备薄层色谱】Primary ['praiməri]【伯-】protease ['prəutieis]【蛋白酶】Protic ['prəutik]【质子的】Purging ['pə:dʒiŋ]【鼓气】Purification [ˏpjuərifi'keiʃən]【纯化】pyrolysis [ˏpaiə'rɔlisis] 【热解】Quench [kwentʃ]【淬灭】racemic [rə'si:mik]【消旋的】reactant [ri:'æktənt]【反应物】Rearrangement [ˏri:ə'reindʒmənt]【重排】Recrystallization ['rikristəlai'zeiʃən]【重结晶】Reduced [ri'dju:st] pressure 【减压】Regioselective ['ri:dʒəu si'lektiv] 【区域选择性的】Removal [ri'mu:vəl]【除去】Rotavapor [ˏrəutə'veipə]【旋蒸】Route [`raut]【路线】Run column【用柱层析分离】saponification [səpɔnifi'keiʃən]【皂化】Scheme [ski:m]【图示】Secondary ['sekəndəri]【仲-】Separation [se pə'reiʃən]【分离】Separatory/ addition/ Büchner funnel['fʌnəl]【分液/加料/布什】side chain【侧链】silicon ['silikən] oil bath 【（硅）油浴】sink [siŋk]【水槽】spatula ['spætjulə] 【刮刀】Stability [stə'biliti]【稳定性】Stereoselectivity [ˏstiəriəˏsilek'tiviti]【立体选择性】Steric ['sterik] hindrance[`hindrəns] 【立体位阻】stir bar 【搅拌子】Stoichiometric [ˏstɔikiəuˋmєtrik] 【化学量的】Stopcock ['stɔpkɔk] 【旋塞阀】Stopper ['stɔpə]【塞子】Strategy ['strætidʒi]【策略】Sublimation [ˏsʌbli'meiʃən] 【升华】substituent [sʌb'stitjuənt]【取代基】Substrate ['sʌbstreit]【底物、培养基】s usceptible [sə'septəbl]【易受影响的】Synthesis ['sinθisis]【合成】Synthon ['sinθɔn]【合成子】Syringe ['sirindʒ]【注射器】Tare [tєə]【去皮】Tautomer ['tɔ:təmə]【（互变）异构体】Tertiary ['tə:ʃəri]【叔-】Thermodynamic ['θə:məudai'næmik]【热力学的】Thin-layer-chromatography [ˏkrəumə'tɔgrəfi] T LC【薄层色谱】Titration [tai'treiʃən]【滴定】Transformation [ˏtrænsfə'meiʃən]【转化】transition [træn'ziʒən] state 【过渡态】Trituration [tritju'reiʃən]【研磨】ultraviolet ['ʌltrə'vaiəlit] active【紫外显色】Vacuum ['vækjuəm] 【真空】vacuum hose [həuz]【真空管】vacuum pump [pʌmp]【真空泵】volatile ['vɔlətail]【易挥发的】V olumetric [vɔlju'metrik] 【测体积的】Weighing ['weiiŋ] paper【称量纸】高频有机化学词汇，带音标Route [`raut]【路线】Strategy ['strætidʒi]【策略】Rearrangement [ˏri:ə'reindʒmənt]【重排】Asymmetric ['eisi'metrik]【不对称】Migration [mai'greiʃən]【迁移】Mechanism ['me kənizəm]【机理】Substrate ['sʌbstreit]【底物、培养基】Synthesis ['sinθisis]【合成】Labile ['leibail]【不稳定的】Azeotropic [əˏzi:ə'trɔpik]【共沸的】Scheme [ski:m]【图示】Derivative [di'rivətiv]【衍生物】Analogous [ə'næləgəs]【类似物】Primary ['praiməri]【伯-】Secondary ['sekəndəri]【仲-】Tert iary ['tə:ʃəri]【叔-】Functional ['fʌŋkʃənl] group【官能团】Catalyst [`kætəlist] 【催化剂】Catalysis [kə`tælisis]【催化（作用）】Catalytical [kætə`litikəl] 【催化的】Hydrogenolysis [ˏhaidrəudʒə'nɔləsis]【氢化】Hydrogenous [hai'drɔdʒinəs] 【含氢的】pericyclic [peri'saiklik] reaction【周环反应】transition [træn'ziʒən] state 【过渡态】homolysis [hɔ'mɔlisis] 【均裂】heterolysis [ˏhetə'rɔlisis] 【异裂】homogeneous [ˏhɔməu'dʒi:njəs]【均相的】heterogeneous [ˏhetərəu'dʒi:niəs] 【非均相的】Steric ['sterik] hindrance[`hindrəns] 【立体位阻】Lipophilic [ˏlipə`filik] 【亲脂性的】c hiral [`kairəl] 【手性的】electrophile [i`lektrəfail] 【亲电试剂】nucleophilic [ˏnju:kliəu'filik] 【亲核的】hydrolysis [hai`drɔlisis] 【水解(作用)】acidolysis [ˏæsi`dɔlisis] 【酸解(作用)】displacement [dis'pleismənt] 【取代】formalin ['fɔ:məlin] 【甲醛溶液】dilute [dai'lju:t] 【稀释】dehydrate [di:'haidreit] 【脱水】dilation [dai'leiʃən]【膨胀】saponification [səpɔnifi'keiʃən]【皂化】emulsification [iˏmʌlsifi'keiʃən] 【乳化】reactant [ri:'æktənt]【反应物】adduct [ə'dʌkt]【加合物】dissolve [di'zɔlv]【溶解】degradation [ˏdegrə'deiʃən]【降解】mild [maild]【（反应）温和的】harsh [hɑ:ʃ] 【（反应）苛刻的】racemic [rə'si:mik]【消旋的】substituent [sʌb'stitjuənt]【取代基】conjugation [ˏkɔndʒu'geiʃən]【偶和】equivalent [i'kwivələnt]【当量的】volatile ['vɔlətail]【易挥发的】susceptible [sə'septəbl]【易受影响的】in large scale【大量】protease ['prəutieis]【蛋白酶】side chain【侧链】Impuritiy [im'pjuəriti]【杂质】Component [kəm'pəunənt]【组分】Tare [tєə]【去皮】Syringe ['sirindʒ]【注射器】Concentrate ['kɔnsentreit]【浓缩】Aqueous ['eikwiəs]【水相（的）】Methodology [meθə'dɔlədʒi]【方法学】Precursor [pri(:)'kə:sə] 【前体】Separation [sepə'reiʃən]【分离】Purifica tion [ˏpjuərifi'keiʃən]【纯化】Recrystallization ['rikristəlai'zeiʃən]【重结晶】Crystalline ['kristəlain]【晶体】Distillation [ˏdisti'leiʃən]【蒸馏】Sublimation [ˏsʌbli'meiʃən] 【升华】Microwave ['maikrəuweiv]【微波】Infrared ['infrə'red]【红外】ultraviolet ['ʌltrə'vaiəlit] act ive【紫外显色】isotope ['aisəutəup] 【同位素】isomer ['aisɔmə] 【同分异构体】Isomerization [aiˏsɔmərai'zeiʃən]【异构化】Transformation [ˏtrænsfə'meiʃən]【转化】Stability [stə'biliti]【稳定性】Poisoned ['pɔiznd]【中毒的】Filter ['filtə]【过滤器】Filtration [fil'treiʃən]【过滤】Filtrate ['filtreit]【滤液】Filter Cake【滤饼】Eluent ['eljuənt]【淋洗液】Thin-layer-chromatography[ˏkrəumə'tɔgrəfi] TLC【薄层色谱】Preparative [pri'pærətiv] TLC【制备薄层色谱】HPLC【高效液相色谱】LC-MS【液质联用仪】Protic ['prəutik]【质子的】Aprotic[ə'prəutik] 【非质子的】Decompose [ˏdi:kəm'pəuz]【分解】Removal [ri'mu:vəl]【除去】Reduced [ri'dju:st] pressure 【减压】Vacuum ['vækjuəm] 【真空】Elimination [iˏlimi'neiʃən]【消除】Addition [ə'diʃən]【添加、加成】Ligand ['laigənd]【配体】Stopper ['stɔpə]【塞子】Separatory/ addition/ Büchner funnel ['fʌnəl]【分液/加料/布什】column chromatography【柱层析】Run column【用柱层析分离】Stopcock ['stɔpkɔk] 【旋塞阀】Condenser [kən'densə]【冷凝管】Chamber ['tʃeimbə]【（薄层用）展缸】Bench [bentʃ] 【实验台】Hood [hud] 【通风橱】Rotavapor [ˏrəutə'veipə]【旋蒸】Evaporation [iˏvæpə'reiʃən] 【蒸发】vacuum hose [həuz]【真空管】silicon ['silikən] oil bath 【（硅）油浴】sink [siŋk]【水槽】neutralize ['nju:trəlaiz] 【中和】stir bar 【搅拌子】Dry ice trap【干冰冷阱】Glovebox [glʌvə'bɔks]【手套箱】vacuum pump [pʌmp]【真空泵】spatula ['spætjulə] 【刮刀】miscible ['misibl]【混溶的】Quench [kwentʃ]【淬灭】Purging ['pə:dʒiŋ]【鼓气】Titration [tai'treiʃən]【滴定】Trituration [tritju'reiʃən]【研磨】Dessicator ['desikeitə:]【干燥剂】Hygroscopic [ˏhaigrəu'skɔpik] 【吸湿的】Lachrymator ['lækriˏmeitə]【催泪剂】DI (de-ion) water【去离子水】Stoichiometric [ˏstɔikiəuˋmєtrik] 【化学量的】V olumetric [vɔlju'metrik] 【测体积的】Weighing ['weiiŋ] paper【称量纸】Mechanical [mi'kænikl] stirring apparatus [ˏæpə'reitəs]【机械搅拌装置】heating mental ['mentl] 【加热套】Eclipse [i'klips] 【使失色】Anomeric ['ænəˏmerik] Effect 【端基异构效应】Equatorial [ˏekwə'tɔ:riəl]【平伏（键）的】Axial ['æksiəl]【直立（键）的】Gauche [gəuʃ] 【构象】Thermodynamic ['θə:məudai'næmik]【热力学的】Kinetic [kai'netik]【动力学的】Enantioselective [eˏnæntiəsi'lektiv] 【对映选择性的】Diastereotopic [ˏdaiəstiəriə'tɔpik] 【非对映的】Chemoselectivity 【化学选择性】Regioselective ['ri:dʒəu si'lektiv] 【区域选择性的】Stereoselectivity [ˏstiəriəˏsilek'tiviti]【立体选择性】Synthon ['sinθɔn]【合成子】Nitrosation [naitrə'seiʃə:n] 【亚硝化】Tautomer ['tɔ:təmə]【（互变）异构体】Confirmation [ˏkɔnfɔ:'meiʃən] 【构型】Equilibrium [ˏi:kwi'libriəm]【平衡】pyrolysis [ˏpaiə'rɔlisis] 【热解】ozonolysis [ ,əuzəu'nɔlisis ] 【臭氧分解】conversion [kən'və:ʃən] ratio ['reiʃiəu] 【转化率】Deprotection【脱保护】Introduction【引入】Cleavage【分离，脱除】化工2009-08-10 18:35Oxygen ['ɔksidʒən] 【氧】Nitrogen ['naitrədʒən] 【氮】Hydrogen ['haidrəudʒən] 【氢】Urea ['juəriə]【尿素】Thiourea [ˏθaiəujuə'riə]【硫脲】Guanidine ['gwænədi:n]【胍】Amidine ['æmiˏdi:n]【脒】Enamine [i'næmin]【烯胺】Furan ['fjuəræn]【呋喃】Imidazole [ˏimi'dæzəul]【咪唑】Imine['imi:n]【亚胺】Imide['imaid]【酰亚胺】Lactam['læktæm]【内酰胺】Lactone['læktəun]【内酯】Ether ['i:θə]【醚】Ester['estə]【脂】Carobohydrate['kɑ:bəu'haidreit]【碳水化合物】Acetal ['æsitæl]【缩醛】dichloromethane [daiˏklɔ:rə'meθein]【二氯甲烷】sulfone ['sʌlfəun] 【砜】sulfoxide [sʌl'fɔksaid]【亚砜】chloroform ['klɔ(:)rəfɔ:m]【氯仿】acidify [ə'sidifai]【酸化】saturated ['sætʃəreitid]【饱和的】sodium bicarbonate [bai'kɑ:bənit]【碳酸氢钠】sodium carbonate【碳酸钠】Ketone['ki:təun]【酮】Aldehyde['ældihaid]【醛】enol['i:nɔl]【烯醇】Enone ['i:nɔn]【烯酮】Dioxane [dai'ɔksein]【二噁烷】Acetone ['æsitəun]【丙酮】Ethyl acetate ['æsiˏteit]【乙酸乙酯】Petroleum [pi'trəuliəm] ether【石油醚】n-hexane [hek'sein]【正己烷】thiophene ['θaiəˏfi:n] 【噻吩】Glycine ['glaisi:n]【氨基乙酸】Glycoside ['glaikəˏsaid]【糖苷】thionyl['θaiənil] chloride【氯化亚砜】Sulfur['sʌlfə]【硫】Proton ['prəutɔn]【质子】sodium borohydride [ˏbɔ:rə'haidraid]【硼氢化钠】lithium ['liθiəm] 【锂】aluminum [ˏælju:'minjəm] 【铝】sodium hydride [haidraid] 【氢化钠】glycol['glaikɔl] 【乙二醇】glycerol['glisəˏrɔl]；glycerin ['glisərin] 【甘油，丙三醇】Formic['fɔmik] acid 【甲酸】Chloroformate[ˏklɔ:rə'fɔ:meit]【氯甲酸脂】acetic [ə'sitik] acid 【乙酸】acetic anhydride[æn`haidraid] 【乙酸酐】trifluoroacetate [traifluərə'æsiteit]【三氟乙酸酯（或盐）】anhydrous[æn`haidrɔs]【无水的】magnesium[mæg'ni:zjəm] sulfate['sʌlfeit]【硫酸镁】potassium[pə'tæsiəm] hydro xide [hai`drɔksaid]【氢氧化钾】sodium azide [`eizaid]【叠氮化钠】hydroxyl[hai`drɔksil] groups 【羟基】alkane['ælkein]【烷烃】alkene['ælki:n]【烯烃】alkyne['ælkain]【炔烃】halogen['hælədʒən]【卤素】halide['hælaid]【卤化物】fluorine['fluəri:n]【氟】fluorination[ˏflu:əri'neiʃən]【氟代】chlorine['klɔ:ri:n]【氯】chlorination[ˏklɔ:ri'neiʃən]【氯代】bromine['brəumi:n]【溴】bromination ['brəumineiʃən]【溴代】iodine['aiədain]【碘】iodination['aiədineiʃən]【碘代】linear['liniə]【直链的】sulfonation[ˏsʌlfə'neiʃən]【磺化】chloromethylation[klɔ:rəˏmeθi'leiʃən【氯甲基化】nitration[nai'treiʃən]【硝化】reduction[ridʌkʃən] 【还原】oxidation[ɔksi'deiʃən] 【氧化】chlorosulfonation [ˏkləurəˏsʌlfə'neiʃən]【氯磺化】alkylation [ˏælki'leiʃ(ə)n]【烷基化】acylation[ˏæsi'leiʃ(ə)n] 【酰化作用】acrylic [ə'krilik] acid 【丙烯酸】phosphorus ['fɔsfərəs] 【磷】phosphorous ['fɔsfərəs] tribromide[trai'brəu maid]【三溴化磷】phosphorus oxychloride [ˏɔksi'klɔ:raid]【三氯氧磷】condensed sulfuric [sʌl'fjuərik] acid【浓硫酸】fuming nitric ['naitrik] acid【发烟硝酸】poly phosphoric [fɔs'fɔrik] acid 【多聚磷酸】acid chloride【酰氯】amide ['æmaid]【酰胺】amine[ə`min] 【胺】ammonia ['æməunjə]【氨（水）】oxime ['ɔksi:m]【肟】Methanol ['meθənɔl]【甲醇】Methyl ['meθil]【甲基】Methoxyl [me'θɔksil]【甲氧基】Ethanol ['eθənɔl]【乙醇】Ethyl ['eθil]【乙基】Triethylamine [traiˏeθələ'mi:n]【三乙胺】aniline [`ænili:n]【苯胺】hydrazine [`haidrəˏzi:n]【肼】hydrazide [`haidrəˏzi:n]【酰肼】hydrazone [`haidrəˏzəun]【腙】nitrile [`naitrail]【腈】borane ['bəurein] 【硼烷】Sodium Hydrosulfite [ˏhaidrəu'sʌlfait]【连二亚硫酸钠、保险粉】sodium thiosulfate [ˏθaiəu'sʌlfeit]【硫代硫酸钠】Epoxide [e'pɔksaid]【环氧化物】Olefin ['əuləfin]【烯烃】Acetylene [ə'setili:n]【乙炔】Oxalic acid [ɔk'sælik]【草酸】Alkaline ['ælkəlain]【碱】Isocynate [aisəu'saiəneit]【异氰酸酯(或盐)】Isothiocynate [aisəuˏθaiəu'saiəneit]【异硫氰酸酯】Carbamate ['kɑ:bəmeit]【氨基甲酸酯(或盐)】Anisole ['æniˏsəul]【苯甲醚】Aziridine【氮杂环丙烷】epoxyethane [e'pɔksiθein]【环氧乙烷】Hypochlorite [ˏhaipəu'klɔ:rait] 【次氯酸盐】Enzyme ['enzaim]【酶】Guanine ['gwɑ:ni:n]【鸟嘌呤】Lead[li:d] acetate['æsiˏteit]【醋酸铅】Molecular [məu'lekjulə]sieve[siv]【分子筛】Morphine['mɔ:fi:n]【吗啡】Cocaine[kə'kein]【可卡因】Morpholine['mɔ:fɔˏli:n]【吗啡啉】Nitromethane[ˏnaitrə'meθein]【硝基甲烷】Oligosaccharide[ˏɔligəu'sækəraid]【寡糖】Ortho-['ɔθə]【邻-，正-，原-】Meta-['me tə]【间-, 偏-，次-】Para-['pærə]【对-，仲-，副-】Polymerization[ˏpɔlimərai'zeiʃən]【聚合】Phthalimide['θælimaid]【邻苯二甲酰亚胺】Selenium[si'li:niəm]【硒】Ultrasonication[ˏʌltrəˏsɔni'keiʃən]【超声作用】Sulfonamide【sʌl'fɔnəmaid】【磺酰胺】Sulfonyl['sʌlfənil]chloride【磺酰氯】Peptide ['peptaid]【肽】Barbituric [ˏbɑrbi`tjurik] acid【巴比妥酸】Thiocyanate[θaiəu'saiəneit]【硫氰酸酯】Thiolate ['θaiəuleit]【硫醇脂(或盐)】Transesterification [trænsəsˏterəfi'keiʃən]【酯交换】Intramolecular [ˏintrəmə'lekjulə]【分子内的】Intermolecular [ˏintə:mə'lekjulə]【分子间的】Orthoformate[ˏɔθə'fɔmeit] 【原甲酸脂】Est erification[esˏterifi'keiʃən]【酯化】Zinc[ziŋk] 【锌】triflate[trifleit]【三氟甲磺酸酯（或盐）】Bulky['bʌlki]【体积较大的】Quaternisation[kwɔtənai'seiʃən]【季铵盐化】Benzylic[ˏben'zilik]【苄基】benzyloxy [ˏbenzi'lɔksi]【苄氧基的】Carbanion ['kɑ:bənaiən]【碳负离子】Carbocation [ˏkɑ:bə'keiʃən]【碳正离子】Dipole['daipəul]【偶极】Electron rich 【富电子】Electron deficency【缺电子】Electron donating group【供电基】Electron withdrawing group【吸电基】Steroid['stirɔid]【甾族化合物】i-Propanol['prəupænəl]【异丙醇】n-Butanol['bjutənəul]【正丁醇】benzoyl ['benzəuil] peroxide [pə'rɔksaid]【过氧化苯甲酰】sodium nitrite ['naitrait]【亚硝酸钠】diazonium [ˏdaiə'zəuniəm]salt【重氮盐】azomethane [ˏæzəu'meθein]【偶氮甲烷】phenyl ['fenəl]【苯基】salicylate [sæ'lisileit]【水杨酸酯（或盐）】nitromethane [ˏnaitrə'meθein]【硝基甲烷】benzoic [ben'zəuik] acid 【苯甲酸】anthranilic [ænθ'rənilik] acid【邻氨基苯甲酸】benzyl ['benzil] 【苄基】toluene ['tɔljui:n] 【甲苯】xylene ['zaili:n]【二甲苯】cuprous ['kju:prəs] cyanide['saiənaid]【氰化亚铜】Sodium Citrate ['sitrit]【柠檬酸钠】Dimethyl sulfide['sʌlfaid]【二甲硫醚】Brine [brain]【盐水】Triphenylphosphine [traiˏfenəl'fɔsfi:n] oxide ['ɔksaid] 【三苯氧磷】Phenol ['fi:nəl]【苯酚】Irradiation [iˏreidi'eiʃən]【光照】Radical ['rædikəl] initiator [i'niʃieitə]【自由基引发剂】Decarboxylation [ˏdikɑ:ˏbɔksə'leiʃən]【脱羧】Phosgene['fɔzdʒi:n]【光气】Triphosgene【三光气】Carbonic [kɑ:'bɔnik] acid 【碳酸】cadmium ['kædmiəm] oxide氧化镉calcium ['kælsiəm] chloride【氯化钙】Tin(II) chloride【二氯化锡】Nickel ['nikl] 镍Palladium [pə'leidiəm]【钯】Carbonyl ['kɑ:bənil]【羰基】Carboxylic [ˏkɑ:bɔk'silik] 【羧基的】Organometallic[ˏɔ:gənəumi'tælik]【有机金属的】quinoxaline [kwi'nɔksəli:n]【喹喔啉】quinoline ['kwinəli:n]【喹啉】。
有机化学专业英语
1, oxygen ['ɔksidʒən] n. 氧气，氧2, alkenes n. 烯属烃3, methyl ['mi:θail, 'miθil] n. 甲基；木精4, alkanes ['ælkeinz] n. 烷类，链烷烃；烷属烃（alkane的复数）5, turpentine ['tə:pəntain] n. 松节油；松脂 vt. 涂松节油 vi. 提取松节油6, benzene ['benzi:n]n. [化]苯7, chlorine ['klɔ:ri:n]n. 氯（17号化学元素）8, nickle alloy nickle alloy: 而非不含金之镍合金 | 而非不含金的镍合金9, brominate ['brəumineit]vt. 用溴处理，溴化10, haloalkane n. [有化] 卤代烷11, decolourise [di:'kʌləraiz]vt. 使…脱色；将…漂白 vi. 漂白（等于decolorize）12, copper ['kɔpə]n. 铜；铜币；[俚]警察 adj. 铜的 vt. 镀铜于13, hydrolysis [hai'drɔlisis]n. [化]水解作用14, derived adj. 导出的；衍生的，派生的 v. 得到；由…而来；推断（derive的过去分词）15, detergent [di'tə:dʒənt]n. 清洁剂；去垢剂16, sheet [ʃi:t]n. 薄片，纸张；床单；薄板 vt. 盖上被单；覆盖；使成大片 vi. 成片流动；大片落下adj. 片状的17, glycol ['ɡlaikɔl]n. 乙二醇；甘醇；二羟基醇18, bromide ['brəumaid]n. 溴化物；庸俗的人；陈词滥调19, styrene ['stairi:n, 'sti-]n. [有化] 苯乙烯，苏合香烯20, insulation [,insju'leiʃən, 'insə-]n. 绝缘；隔离，孤立21, antiseptics [,ænti'septiks]n. 防腐剂（antiseptic的复数）22, hydration [hai'dreiʃən]n. [化学] 水合作用23, halogenation [,hælədʒi'neiʃən]n. 卤化，加卤作用24, adhesive [əd'hi:siv]n. 粘合剂；胶黏剂 adj. 带粘性的；粘着的25, clay [klei]n. 泥土；粘土；肉体；似黏土的东西 vt. 用黏土处理26, sugarcane ['ʃugə,kein]n. [作物] 甘蔗；糖蔗27, fermentation [,fə:men'teiʃən]n. 发酵28, molasses [mə'læsiz]n. 糖蜜，糖浆29, intermediate [,intə'mi:djət, -dieit]vi. 起媒介作用 adj. 中间的，中级的 n. 中间物；媒介30, volatile ['vɔlətail]adj. 爆炸性的；不稳定的；挥发性的；反覆无常的 n. 挥发物；有翅的动物31, carbonisation n. 碳化，碳化作用32, liquefaction [,likwi'fækʃən]n. 液化；熔解33, synthesis ['sinθisis]n. 综合，合成；综合体34, optimum ['ɔptiməm]adj. 最适宜的 n. 最佳效果；最适宜条件35, usage ['ju:zidʒ]n. 用法；使用；惯例36, empirical [em'pirikəl]adj. 经验主义的，完全根据经验的37, endothermic [,endəu'θə:mik,-məl]adj. [热] 吸热的；温血的38, radical ['rædikəl]adj. 根本的；激进的；彻底的 n. 激进分子；原子团；根数；基础39, prefix [,pri:'fiks, 'pri:fiks]n. 前缀vt. 加前缀；将某事物加在前面40, initiator [i'niʃieitə]n. 发起人，创始者；教导者；启动程序；引爆器41, dimer ['daimə]n. [有化] 二聚物；二量体42, activation [,ækti'veiʃən]n. 激活；活化作用43, propagation [,prɔpə'ɡeiʃən]n. 传播；繁殖；增殖44, rigid ['ridʒid]adj. 严格的；僵硬的，死板的；坚硬的；精确的45, amorphous [ə'mɔ:fəs]adj. 无定形的；无组织的；非晶形的46, viscous ['viskəs]adj. 粘性的；黏的47, bracket ['brækit]n. 支架；括号；墙上凸出的托架 vt. 括在一起；把…归入同一类；排除48, caustic ['kɔ:stik]adj. [化]腐蚀性的；苛性的；刻薄的；[物]焦散的n. [医]腐蚀剂；[化]苛性钠；[物]焦散曲线49, moderate ['mɔdərət, 'mɔdəreit]adj. 适度的，中等的；有节制的；稳健的，温和的vi. 变缓和，变弱 vt. 节制；减轻50, brittle ['britl]adj. 易碎的，脆弱的；易生气的51, stiffiness n. 硬度52, gutter ['ɡʌtə]n. 排水沟；槽；贫民区 vi. 流；形成沟vt. 开沟于…；弄熄 adj. 贫贱的；粗俗的；耸人听闻的53, upholstery [ʌp'həulstəri]n. 家具装饰用品业；垫衬物54, curtain ['kə:tən]n. 窗帘；幕 vt. 遮蔽；装上门帘55, ultraviolet [,ʌltrə'vaiələt]adj. 紫外的；紫外线的 n. 紫外线辐射，紫外光56, decomposition [,di:kɔmpə'ziʃən]n. 分解，腐烂；变质57, cassettes n. 盒式录音带（cassette的复数）58, cassette [kæ'set]n. 盒式磁带；暗盒；珠宝箱；片匣59, disposable [dis'pəuzəbl]adj. 可任意处理的；可自由使用的；用完即可丢弃的60, autoclave ['ɔ:təkleiv]n. 高压灭菌器；高压锅 vt. 用高压锅烹饪 vi. 用高压锅烹饪。
有机化学专业英语常用词汇
有机化学专业英语常用词汇aquo- 含水的 octadeca- 十八常用前后缀-ane 烷 petro- 石油 nonadeca- 十九-ene 烯 syn- 顺式，同，共-yne 炔 trans- 反式，超，跨 Alkane 烷 phenol 苯酚 sym- 对称 Alkene 烯 benzene 苯 unsym- 不对称的，偏位 Alkyen 炔 -hydrin 醇 hypo- 低级的，次 Alcohol 醇 alcohol 醇 hyper- 高级的，高 Aldehyde 醛 -ol 醇 cyclo- 环Detone 酮 -aldehyde 醛 hemi-;semi- 半 Ester 酯 -one ;keto- ;ketone酮sesqui 一个半 Nitrile 腈 Acid 酸 bis- 双 Ether 醚 -carboxylic acid 羧酸poly- 聚，多 Amine 胺 -ate 含氧酸的盐、酯 -oyl 酰 Amide 酰胺 -ester 酯acetal- 乙酰 Cycloalkene 环烷 -ether 醚 iso- 异，等，同 Spirane 环烯-amine 胺 ortho- 邻，正，原-imine 亚胺 meta- 间，偏-amide 酰胺 bi- 在盐类前表示酸式盐sulfa- 磺胺-cyano 氰 Methly 一anilino- 苯胺基 Ethly 二amino- 氨基的 Proculy 三fluoro- 氟代 But 四chloro- 氯代 Pent 五bromo- 溴 mono- ( mon-) ;单，一iodo- 碘代 uni- 单，一thio- 硫代 ter- 三 tris- 三个oxy- 氧化 tri- 三nitro- 硝基 quadri- ;tetra- 四nitroso- 亚硝基 tetrakis- 四个hydroxyl 羟基 penta-;quinque- 五carbonyl 羰基 hexa- 六methyl 甲基 hepta- ;septi- 七ethyl 乙基 octa- 八butyl 丁基 nona- 九phenyl 苯基 deca- 十methoxy- 甲氧基 undeca- ;hendeca- 十一ethoxy- 乙氧基 dodeca- 十二alkoxy- 烷氧基 trideca- 十三allyl 烯丙基 tetradeca- 十四Propenyl 丙烯基 pentadeca- 十五epoxy- 环氧 hexadeca- 十六hydro- 氢或水 heptadeca- 十七常见化学元素Hydrogen 氢 helium 氦Lithium 锂 Beryllium 铍 Boron 硼Carbon 碳Nitrogen 氮 Oxygen 氧 Fluorine 氟 Neon 氖Sodium 钠 Magnesium 镁 Aluminum 铝 Silicon 硅Phosphorus 磷 Sulfur 硫Chlorine 氯 Argon 氩Potassium 钾 Calcium钙 Scandium 钪 Titanium 钛 Vanadium 钒 Chromium 铬 Manganese 锰 Iron 铁Cobalt 钴Nickel 镍Copper 铜Zinc 锌Gallium 镓 Germanium 锗 Arsenic 砷 Selenium 硒 Bromine 溴 Krypton 氪Iodine 碘Xenon 氙。
【有机化学专业英语词汇】
v1.0可编辑可修改有机化学专业英语词汇（精）acetal 醛缩醇acetal- 乙酰acid 酸-al 醛alcohol 醇-aldehyde 醛alkali- 碱allyl 烯丙基［prope nyl（丙烯基）］alkoxy- 烷氧基-amide 酰胺amino- 氨基的-amidine 脒-amine 胺-ane 烷an hydride 酐an ili no- 苯胺基bromo-溴butyl 丁基-carb inol 甲醇carb onyl 羰基-carboxylic acid 羧酸centi- 10 -2chloro-氯代cis- 顺式con de nsed缩合的、冷凝的cyclo-环deca-十deci 10 -1-di ne 啶dodeca-十二aquo-含水的-ase 酶-ate含氧酸的盐、酯-atri yne 三炔azo-偶氮benzene 苯bi-在盐类前表示酸式盐bis-双-borane 硼烷-ene 烯epi-表epoxy- 环氧-ester 酯-ether 醚ethoxy- 乙氧基ethyl乙基fluoro-氟代form 仿v1.0可编辑可修改-lact one 内酯-ide无氧酸的盐，酰替胺，酐-il 偶酰octa-八-imi ne 亚胺iodi ne 碘iodo-碘代iso- 异，等，同-ite 亚酸盐keto-酮ketone 酮octadeca-十八-oic酸的-ol醇-one 酮ortho- 邻，正，原-ous亚酸的，低价金属oxa-氧杂-oxide氧化合物-oxime 肟hemi-半hen deca- 十一hepta-七heptadeca-十七hexa-六hexadeca-十六-hydri n 醇hydro-氢或水hydroxyl 羟基hypo-低级的，次hyper-高级的，高mega- 106 meta-间，偏methoxy-甲氧基methyl 甲基micro- 10 -6milli- 10 -3mono- ( mon-) 一，单-ic酸的，高价金属nano- 10 一n itro- 硝基n itroso- 亚硝基nona-九nonadeca-十九-glycol 二醇v1.0可编辑可修改covale nt bond 共价键hybrid orbital 杂化轨道bond len gth 键长oxo-酮 tetrakis- 四个oxy-氧化thio- 硫代-oyl 酰 trans- 反式，超，跨para- 对位，仲 tri-三 penta-五 trideca- 十三 pentadeca-十五tris-三个per- 高，过petro- 石油 undeca- 十^一- phenol 苯酚 uni-单，一phenyl 苯基un sym-不对称的，偏位-12pico- 10poly-聚，多 -yl 基quadri- 四 -yne 炔quinque-五organic compounds 有机化合物semi-半 compo unds of carb on 碳化合物 septi- 七 hydrocarbons and their derivatives sesqui 一个半 碳氢化合物及其衍生物 sulfa- 磺胺 orga nic chemistry有机化学sym- 对称structure of molecule 分子结构syn- 顺式，同，共chemical bond 化学键 ter- tetra-tetradeca- 十四bond angle 键角thio- 硫代-ylene 撑（二价基，价在不同原子上）v1.0可编辑可修改bond energy 键能hydroge n bonding 氢键polarity 极性dipole moment 偶极矩dissociati on en ergy 离解能electr on egativity 电负性con stituti on 构造physical property 物理性质con tigurati on 构型melt ing point 熔点conformation 构象boili ng point 沸点stereochemistry 立体化学react ion mecha nism 反应机理tetrahedral 正四面体homolysis 均裂cis-顺free redical 自由基trans-反heterolysis 异裂isomerism同分异构现象ion ic type 离子型isomer异构体electrophilic reage nt 亲电试剂stereoisomer 立体异构electrophilic react ion 亲电反应con stituti onal isomer 构造异构nu cleophilic reage nt 亲核试剂structural formula 结构式nu cleophilic react ion 亲核反应octet八隅体英文名汉文名perspective 透视式An gular methyl group 角甲基eclipsed con formati on 重叠式构象Alkylide ne group 亚烷基staggered con formati on 交叉式构象Allyl group 烯丙基n ewma n project ion 纽曼投影式Allylic 烯丙型［的］functional group 官能团Phe nyl group 苯基chain compoud链状化合物Aryl group 芳基carbocyclic compo und碳环化合物Ben zyl group 苄基彳heterocyclic compo und 杂环化合物Benzylic 苄型［的］dipole-dipole in teract偶极- Activat ing group 活化基团ions偶极相互作用Chromophore 生色团van der Waals forces 范德华力Auxochrome 助色团v1.0可编辑可修改Magn etically ani sotropic group 磁各向异性基团Smally ring 小环Com mon ring 普通环Medium rimg 中环Large ring 大环Bridged-ri ng system 桥环体系Spiro compound螺环化合物Helical molecule 螺旋型分子Octahedral compound八面体化合物Con jugatio n 共轭Con jugated-system 共轭体系Acyl cation 酰［基］正离子Benzylic cation 苄［基］正离子Arenirm ion 芳［基］正离子Ketyl radical 羰自由基Radical ion 自由基离子Radical catio n 自由基正离子Radical a nio n 自由基负离子Isomerism 异构［现象］Aci form 酸式Fluxi onal structure 循变结构Stereochemistry 立体化学Optical activity 光学活性Dextro isomer 右旋异构体Laevo isomer 左旋异构体Tetrahedral con figuratio n 四面体构型Stereoisomerism 立体异构［现象］Asymmetric atom 不对称原子Asymmetric carb on 不对称碳Pseudoasymmetric carb on 假不对称碳Phantom atom虚拟原子Homotopic 等位［的］Heterotopic 异位［的］Enantiotopic 对映异位［的］Diastereotopic 非对映异位［的］Con figurati on 构型Absolute con figurati on 绝对构型Chirality 手性Chiral手性［的］Chiral ce nter 手性中心Chiral molecule 手性分子Achiral非手性［的］Fischer projectio n 费歇尔投影式Neoma n projectio n 纽曼投影式D-L system of nomen clature D-L 命名体系v1.0可编辑可修改R-S syytem of nomen clature R-S 命名体系Cahn-Ingold-Prelon sequence 顺序规则v1.0可编辑可修改Symmetry factor 对称因素Pla ne of symmetry 对称面Mirror symmetry 镜面对称Enantiomer对映［异构］体Diastereomer 非对映［异构］体Epimer差向异构体Anomer端基［差向］异构体Erythro con figurati on 赤型构型Erythro isomer 赤型异构体Threo con figurati on 苏型构型Threo isomer 苏型异构体Trigonal carb on 三角型碳Cis-tra ns isomerism 顺反异构E isomer E 异构体Z isomer Z 异构体Endo isomer内型异构体Exo isomer外型异构体Prochirality 前手性Pro-R group 前R基团Pro-S proup 前S 基团Re face Re 面Si face Si 面Racemic mixture 外消旋混合物Racemic compo und外消旋化合物Racemic solid solutio n 外消旋固体溶液Meso compou nd内消旋化合物Quasi recemate 准外消旋体Con formati on 构象Con formati onal 构象分析Torsi on an gle 扭转角Rotamer旋转异构体Anti con formati on 反式构象Bisect ing con formatio n 等分构象Anti peripla nar con formati on 反叠构象Syn peripla nar con formati on 顺叠构象Syn cli nal con formatio n 反错构象Syn cli nal con formatio n 顺错构象Eclipsed con formati on 重叠构象Gauche con formati on, skew con-formatio n 邻位交叉构象Staggered con formati on 对位交叉构象Steric effect 空间效应Steric hindrance 位阻Atropismer 阻转异构体v1.0可编辑可修改Puckered ring 折叠环Con formati onal inv ersi on 构象反转Chair con formati on 椅型构象Boat con formati on 船型构象Twist con formati on 扭型构象Skew boat co nformatio n 扭船型构象v1.0可编辑可修改Half-chair con formatio n 半椅型构象Pseudorotati on 假旋转Envelope conformation 信圭寸［型］构象Axial bond 直［立］键Equatorial bond 平［伏］键Cisoid con formati on 顺向构象Tran soid con formati on 反向构象Retention of configuration 构型保持Regioselectivity 区域选择性Regiospecificity 区域专-性Stereocelectivity 立体选择性Stereospecificty 立体专性Con former构象异构体Con formati onal effect 构象效应Cram s rube克拉姆规则Prelog ' rule普雷洛格规则Stereochemical orie ntati on 立体［化学］取向Con formati onal tran smissi on传递Homolog同系物构象Ipso positi on 本位Ortho positi on 邻位Meta positi on 间位Para positi on 对位Amphi positi on 远位Peri positi on 近位Trigo nal hybridizati on 三角杂化Molecular orbiral method 分子轨道法Vale nee bond method 价键法Delocalezed bond 离域键Cross con jugation交叉共轭Viny log插烯物Mesomeric effect 中介效应Resonance 共振Resonance effect 共振效应Hyperconjugati on 超共轭Isovale nt hyperc on jugati on 等价超共轭No-bond resonance 无键共振Aromaticity 芳香性Aromatic sexter 方香八隅Huckel' rule休克尔规则Paramag netic ring curre nt 顺磁环电流Diamag netic ring cruue nt 抗磁环电流Homoaromaticity 同芳香性An tiaromaticity 反芳香性Alter nant hydrocarb on 交替烃v1.0可编辑可修改Non-alter nant hydrocarb on 非交替烷Pericyclic reaction 周环反应Electrocyclic rearra ngeme nt 电环［化］重排Con rotatory 顺旋Disroatatory 对旋Cycloadditio n 环加成Symmetry forbidde n-reactio n 对称禁阻反应Syn facial reacti on 同面反应An tarafacial reacti on 异面反应Mobius system默比乌斯体系Leois structure 路易斯结构Coord in ate-covale nt bond 配位共价键Banana bond 香蕉键Pauli ng electro negativity scale鲍林电负性标度Polarizability 可极化性In ductive effect 诱导效应Field effect 场效应Electrical effect 电场效应tautomerism 互变异构Tautomerizati on 互变异构化Keto-e nol tautomerism 酮-烯醇互变异构Phe no l-keto tautomerism 酚-酮互变异构Imin e-e namine atutomerism 亚胺-烯胺互变异构Rin g-cha in tautomerism 环-链互变异构Vale nee tautomerism 价互变异构Ambident 两可［的］Solve nt effect 溶剂效应Acid-base catalyxed react ion 酸性溶剂Basic solve nt 碱性溶剂Dielectric con sta nt 介电常数Solvated electro n 溶剂化电子Acid-base catalyzed reaction 酸碱催化反应Con jugate base 共轭酸Con jugate base 共轭碱Therm odyn amic acidity 热力学酸度Kin etic acidity 动力学酸度Electr on dono f-acceptorcomplex,EDAcomplex 电子给［体］受体络合物Host主体Guest客体Primary isotope effect 一级同位素效应Secon dary isotope effect 二级同位数效应Inv erse isotope effect 逆同位素效应Kin etic control 动力学控制Thermod yn amic con trol 热力学控制9Substrate 底物In termediate 中间体Reactive in termediate 活泼中间体Microscopic reversibility 微观可逆性Hammond postulate 哈蒙德假说Lin ear free energy 线性自由能Non-bon ded in teracti on 非键相互作用Torsional effect 扭转效应Pitzer strain 皮策张力Restricted rotati on 阻碍旋转Eclipsi ng effect 重叠效应Eclipsi ng strain 重叠张力Small-a ngle strain 小角张力Large an gle stra in 大角张力Transannu lar in teracti on 跨环相互作用Transannu lar strain跨环张力I strain 内张力F strain 前张力B strain 后张力Ano meric effect 端基异构效应Walde n inv ersi on 瓦尔登反转Racemizati on 夕卜消旋化Isoinv ersi on 等反转Isoracemizati on 等消旋Homochiral纯手性［的］Mecha nism 机理Un imolecular nu cleophilic 单分子亲核取代Bimolecular nu cleophilic sub-stitutio n双分子亲核取代Bimolecular nu cleophilicsubsti-tuti on( with allylic rearra nge-me nt) 双分子亲核取代(含烯丙型重排)Internal nu cleophilic substiru-tio n 分子内亲核取代Aromatic nu cleophilic substitu-tio n 芳香亲核取代Un imolecular electrophilic sub-stitution单分子亲电取代Bimolecular electrophilic substi-tutio n双分子亲电取代Nucleophile-assisted unim olecu-lar electrophilicv1.0可编辑可修改substituti on 亲核体协助单分子亲电取代Unim olecular elim in ati on 单分子消除Bimolecular elim in ati on 双分子消除Unim olecular elim in ati on through the con jugate base 单分子共轭碱消除Bimolecular elim in atio n through the con jugate base 双分子共轭碱消除Bimolecular elim in atio n withfor-matio n of a carb onyl group 双分子羰基形成消除Unim olecular acid-catalyzed acyl-oxyge n cleavage 单分子酸催化酰氧断裂Bimolecular base-catalyzed acyl-oxyge n cleavage 双分子碱催化酰氧断裂Unim olecular acid-catalyzed alkyl-oxyge n cleavage 单分子酸催化烷氧断裂Bimllecular base-catalyzed alkyl-oxyge n cleavage 双分子碱催化烷氧断裂n - allyl complex mechanism n 烯丙型络合机理Borderl ine mecha nism 边理机理Homolysis 均裂Heterolysis 异裂Heterolytic micha nism 异裂机理Coun rer[gege n]i on 反荷离子Ion pair 离子对Carbocati on 碳正离子Non classical carbocatio n 非经典碳正离子Carbanion碳负离子Masked carbanion掩蔽碳负离子Carbenoid卡宾体Carbe ne 卡宾Nitre ne 氮宾Carbine 碳炔Electrophilic addition 亲电加成Electrophile 亲电体Diaxial addition 双直键加成Markovnikov ' s rube马尔科夫尼科规则An ti-Marko vn ikov additi on 反马氏v1.0可编辑可修改加成Michael addition 迈克尔加成Substituti on 取代v1.0可编辑可修改Electrophilic substituti on 亲电取代Additi on-elim in ati on mecha nism 力卩成消除机理Electrophilic aromaticsubstitu-ti on 亲电芳香取代Electro n tran sfer 电子转移Electro n-do nati ng group 给电子基团Electro n-Withdrawi ng group 吸电子基团Deactivati ng group 卡屯化基团Orinen tati on 取向Ortho-para direct ing group 令B对位定位基Meta direct ing group 间位定位基Ortho effect 邻位效应Partial rate factor 分速度系数Nucleophilic reacti on 亲核反应In ternal return 内返Nucleophilicity 亲核体Nucleophilicity 亲核性a - effect a -效应Backside attack 背面进攻Inv ersi on 反转Umbrella effect 伞效应Push-pull effect 推拉效应Leav ing group 离去基团Electrofuge 离电体Nucleofuge 离核体Phase-tra nsfer catalysis 相转移催化Neighbori ng group participati on邻基基参与Neighbori ng proupassista nce,a nchimeric assista nee邻助作用Neighbori ng group effect 令B基效应Apofacial reacti on 反面反应Briddgehead displaceme nt 桥头取代Aryl action 芳正离子Benzyne 苯炔Zaitsev rule 札依采夫规则An ti-Zaitsev orie ntati on 反札依采夫定向Hofmann s rule 霍夫曼规贝UBredt rule 布雷特规则In itiatio n 引发Anionic cleavage 负离子裂解Partial bo nd fixation 键［的］部分固定化v1.0可编辑可修改02. 3有机化学反应Alkylation 烷基化C- alkylatio n C-烷基化v1.0可编辑可修改O- alkylatio n O- 烷基化N-alkylation N-烷基化Silylation 硅烷［基］化Exhaustive methylatio n 彻底甲基化Seco alkylatio n 断裂烷基化Demethylatio n 脱甲基化Ethylation 乙基化Arylation 芳基化Acylation 酰化Formylation 甲酰化Carbalkoxylatio n 烷氧羰基化Carboamidati on 氨羰基化Carboxylation 羧基化Amination 氨基化Bisam in ati on 双氨基化Cine substitutio n 移位取代Tran sami natio n 氨基交换Hydroxylati on 羟基化acyloxyati on 酰氧基化Decarboxylative n itrati on 脱羧卤化Allylic haloge nation 烯丙型卤化Dehaloge nati on 脱卤Nitration 硝化Decarboxylative n itrati on 脱羧硝化Nitrosatio n 亚硝化Sulfo natio n 磺化Chlorosulfo natio n 氯磺酰化Desulfo nati on 脱磺酸基Sulfe nylation 亚磺酰化Sulfo nylation 磺酰化Chlorosulfe natio n 氯亚磺酰化Chlorocarb on ylatio n 氯羰基化Diazotizati on 重氮化Diazo tran sfer 重氮基转移Coupli ng reaction 偶联反应Diaz on ium coupli ng 重氮偶联Cross-coupli ng reaction 交叉偶联反应1,4-addition 1 ，4-加成Conjugate addition 共轭加成Dimerizatio n 二聚Trimefizati on 三聚Additive dimerizati on 力卩成二聚sulfurizati on 硫化Sele ny lati on 硒化Hydroborati on 硼氢化Oxyam in ation羟氨基化In serti on 插入v1.0可编辑可修改carb ony lati on 羧基化Hydroformylatio n 加氢甲酰基化Hydroacylati on 加氢酰化Oxo process 羰基合成v1.0可编辑可修改Decarb ony lati on 脱羰Hydrocarboxylati on 氢羧基化Homologizati on 同系化Cyan oethylation 氰乙基化Decya no ethylati on 脱氰乙基Ri ng clsure 环合Die ne syn thesis 双烯合成Die nophile 亲双烯体Endo addition 内型加成Exo addition 外型加成Diels-Alder reactio n 第尔斯-尔德反应Retro Diels-Alder reaction 逆第尔斯-阿尔德反应Ene syn thesis 单烯合成Anionic cycloadditi on 负离子环力卩成Dipolar addition 偶极加成-elim in ati on - 消除-elim in ati on - 消除-elim in ati on - 消除-elim in ati on - 消除Dehydrohaloge nati on 脱卤化氢Deamination 脱氨基Pyrolytic elim in ati on 热解消除Elimi natio n-addition 消除-加成Decarboxylati on 脱羧Decarboxamidati on 脱酰胺Decyanation 脱氰基Alkylolysis,alkyl cleavage 烷基裂解Acylolysis,acyl cleavage 酰基裂解Flash pyrolysis 闪热裂Fragme ntati on 碎裂Chiletropic react ion 螯键反应Chelation 螯环化Esterificati on 酉旨化Tran sesterificatio n 酯交换Sapon ificati on 皂化Alcoholysis 醇解Etha nolysis 乙醇解Cyano methylati on 氰甲基化Ami no methylatio n 氨甲基化Hydroxymethylatio n 羟甲基化Hydroxyalkylatio n 羟烷基化Cholromethylatio n 氯甲基化Haloalkylatio n 卤烷基化Tran sacetalati on 缩醛交换En olization 烯醇化Haloform reaction 卤仿反应Condensation 缩合Aldol c onden satio n 羟醛缩合Cross aldol conden sati on 交叉羟醛缩合Retrograde aldol conden sati on 逆羟醛缩合Acyl oin conden sati on 偶姻缩合Cyclizati on 环化Annu lati on,ann elati on 增环反应Spiroa nnu latio n 螺增环Autoxidati on 自氧化Allylic hydroperoxylati on 烯丙型氢过氧化Epoxidati on 环氧化Oxono lysis 臭氧解Electrochemical oxidati on 电化学氧化Oxidative decarboxylati on 氧化脱羧Aromatizati on 芳构化Catalytic hydroge nati on 催化氢化Heteroge neous hydroge nati on 多相氢化Homogeneous hydrogenation 均相氢化Catalytic dehydroge natio n 催化脱氢Transfer hydroge nati on 转移氢化Hydroge no lysis 氢解Dissolvi ng metal reduct ion 溶解金属还原Sin gle electro n transfer 单电子转移Bimolecular reducti on 双分子还原Electrochemical reduction 电化学还原Reductive alkylatio n 还原烷基化Reductive acylati on 还原酰化Reductive dimerizatio n 还原二聚Deoxygenation 脱氧Desulfurizati on 脱硫Desele ni zati on 脱硒Mitallati on 金属化Lithiation 锂化Hydrometallati on 氢金属化Mercurati on 汞化Oxymercurati on 羟汞化Ami nomercuration 氨汞化Abstractio n 夺取［反应］In ternal abstract ion 内夺取［反应］Rearrangement 重排Prototropic rearra ngeme nt 质了转移重排Double bond migrati on 双键移位Allylic migrati on 烯丙型重排Allylic migrati on 烯丙型迁移Ring contraction 环缩小［反应］Ring expa nsion,ring enl argeme nt Electrophilic rearra ngeme nt 亲电扩环［反应］重排-ketol rearra ngeme nt - 酮醇重排Photose nsitizatio n 光敏化Pin acol rearra ngeme nt 频哪醇重排Forbidde n tran siti on 禁阻跃迁Retrop in acol rearra ngeme nt 逆频哪photooxidati on 光氧化醇重排Photoisomerizati on 光异构化Semip in acol rearra ngeme nt 半频哪E Photochemical rearra ngeme光化nt醇重排学重排Ben zilic rearra ngeme nt 二苯乙醇酸2. 4有机化合物类名重排Aliphatic compou nd 脂肪族化合物Acyl rearran geme nt 酰基重排Hpdrocarbon碳氢化合物Migratory aptitude 迁移倾向Alkane 烷Transannu lar in serti on 跨环插入Wax蜡Transannu lar rearra ngeme nt 跨环重Paraffi n wax 石蜡排Alkene 烯Migrati on 迁移Alkyen 炔Prototropy 质子转移Acetylide 炔化物Cati ono tropic rearra ngeme nt 正离Active hydroge n compo unds 活泼氢子转移重排化合物An io notropy 负离子转移Carbon acid 碳氢酸Aniono tropic rearra ngeme nt 负离子Super acid 超酸转移重排Diene双烯Sigmatropic rearra ngeme nt - 迁移重Triene 三烯排Alle ne 丙二烯Homosigmatropic rearra ngeme nt 同Ccumule ne累积多烯迁移重排Enyne烯炔Diyne 二炔v1.0可编辑可修改Alkyl halide 卤代烷Alcohol 醇Homoallylic alcohol 高烯丙醇Ether 醚Epoxide环氧化物Cellosolve 溶纤剂Crown ether 冠醚Netro compound硝基化合物Ami ne 胺Quater naryam monium com-po und 季铵化合物Amine oxide 氧化胺Diazoalkane 重氮烷Mercaptan 硫醇Sulfo nic acid 磺酸Sulfoxide 亚砜Sulfone 砜Aldehyde 醛Deto ne 酮Aldehyde hydrate 醛水合物Keto ne hydrate 酮水合物Hemiacetal 半缩醛Acetal缩醛Ketal缩酮Dithia ne 二噻烷Aminal缩醛胺imine 亚胺Aldimi ne醛亚胺Oxime 肟Aldimi ne 醛肟Oxime亚硝基化合物aldoxime 硝酮Hydraz one 腙Azine 嗪Semicarbazone 缩氯基脲Cyanohydrin 羟腈Pinacol频哪醇Enol烯醇Enol ether 烯醇醚Enol ester 烯醇酯Enamine 烯胺Yn ami ne 炔胺Mannich base 曼尼希碱Carboxylic acid 羧酸Ester 酯orthoester 原酸酯Acyl halide 酰卤Acyl fluoride 酰氟Acyl chloride 酰氯Acyl rtomide 酰溴Acyl iodide 酰碘v1.0可编辑可修改Carbobe nzoxy chloride 苄氧甲酰氯Acyl tosylate 酰基对甲苯磺酸酐Ketene乙烯酮v1.0可编辑可修改Peracid 过酸Perester过酸酯Acyl peroxide 酰基过氧化物Nitrile 腈Nitrile oxide 氧化腈Ison itrile 异腈Amide酰胺Imide二酰亚胺N-bromo compo und N-溴化物Hydrazide 酰肼Acyl azide 酰叠氮Amidine 脒Keto ester 酮酸酯Acyl cyanide 酰腈Carbon suboxide 二氧化三碳Glycidic acid 环氧丙酸Carbammic acid 氨基甲酸Carbamate氨基甲酸酯Urea 脲Cyan amide 氨腈Carbodiimide 碳二亚胺Allopha nate 脲基甲酸酯Thioester 硫代酸酯Thiol acid 硫羰酸Lactone 内酯Lactol内半缩醛Macrolide 大环内酯Ami no acid 氨基酸Zwitterio ns 两性离子Inner salt 内盐Betaine甜菜碱Lactam内酰胺Hydantion乙内酰脲Peptide 肽Glycol 二醇Aldol羟醛Acyloin 偶姻Carbohydrate碳水化合物Aldose醛糖Ketose酮糖Furanose呋喃糖Pyranose吡喃糖Glycoside 糖苷Glucoside 葡［萄］糖苷Aglycon 苷元Saccharide 糖类Oligosaccharide 寡糖Polysaccharide 多糖Alditol 糖醇Osazone 脎Alicyclic compo und 脂环化合物Cycloalke ne 环烷Spirane 环烯Cage compo und 螺烷Propella ne 笼型化合物Rotaza ne螺桨烷Cate nane 轮烷Rused ring 索烃。
(完整版)有机化学专业英语词汇(精)
有机化学专业英语词汇(精)acetal 醛缩醇acetal- 乙酰acid 酸-al 醛alcohol 醇-aldehyde 醛alkali- 碱allyl 烯丙基 [propenyl(丙烯基)] alkoxy- 烷氧基-amide 酰胺amino- 氨基的-amidine 脒-amine 胺-ane 烷anhydride 酐anilino- 苯胺基aquo- 含水的-ase 酶-ate 含氧酸的盐、酯-atriyne 三炔azo- 偶氮benzene 苯bi- 在盐类前表示酸式盐bis- 双-borane 硼烷bromo- 溴butyl 丁基-carbinol 甲醇carbonyl 羰基-carboxylic acid 羧酸centi- 10-2chloro- 氯代cis- 顺式condensed 缩合的、冷凝的cyclo- 环deca- 十deci 10-1-dine 啶dodeca- 十二-ene 烯epi- 表epoxy- 环氧-ester 酯-ether 醚ethoxy- 乙氧基ethyl 乙基fluoro- 氟代form 仿-glycol 二醇hemi- 半hendeca- 十一hepta- 七heptadeca- 十七hexa- 六hexadeca- 十六-hydrin 醇hydro- 氢或水hydroxyl 羟基hypo- 低级的，次hyper- 高级的，高-ic 酸的，高价金属-ide 无氧酸的盐，酰替胺，酐-il 偶酰-imine 亚胺iodine 碘iodo- 碘代iso- 异，等，同-ite 亚酸盐keto- 酮ketone 酮-lactone 内酯mega- 106meta- 间，偏methoxy- 甲氧基methyl 甲基micro- 10-6milli- 10-3mono- ( mon-) 一，单nano- 10-9nitro- 硝基nitroso- 亚硝基nona- 九nonadeca- 十九octa- 八octadeca- 十八-oic 酸的-ol 醇-one 酮ortho- 邻，正，原-ous 亚酸的，低价金属oxa- 氧杂-oxide 氧化合物-oxime 肟oxo- 酮oxy- 氧化-oyl 酰para- 对位，仲penta- 五pentadeca- 十五per- 高，过petro- 石油phenol 苯酚phenyl 苯基pico- 10-12poly- 聚，多quadri- 四quinque- 五semi- 半septi- 七sesqui 一个半sulfa- 磺胺sym- 对称syn- 顺式，同，共ter- 三tetra- 四tetradeca- 十四tetrakis- 四个thio- 硫代trans- 反式，超，跨thio- 硫代tri- 三trideca- 十三tris- 三个undeca- 十一uni- 单，一unsym- 不对称的，偏位-yl 基-ylene 撑(二价基，价在不同原子上) -yne 炔organic compounds 有机化合物compounds of carbon 碳化合物hydrocarbons and their derivatives 碳氢化合物及其衍生物organic chemistry 有机化学structure of molecule 分子结构chemical bond 化学键covalent bond 共价键hybrid orbital 杂化轨道bond length 键长bond angle 键角bond energy键能polarity 极性dissociation energy 离解能constitution构造contiguration构型conformation构象stereochemistry立体化学tetrahedral正四面体cis-顺trans-反isomerism同分异构现象isomer异构体stereoisomer立体异构constitutional isomer构造异构structural formula 结构式octet八隅体perspective 透视式eclipsed conformation重叠式构象staggered conformation交叉式构象newman projection纽曼投影式functional group 官能团chain compoud 链状化合物carbocyclic compound碳环化合物heterocyclic compound杂环化合物dipole-dipole interactions 偶极-偶极相互作用van der Waals forces 范德华力hydrogen bonding 氢键dipole moment偶极矩electronegativity 电负性physical property物理性质melting point熔点boiling point 沸点reaction mechanism反应机理homolysis均裂free redical自由基heterolysis异裂ionic type离子型electrophilic reagent亲电试剂electrophilic reaction亲电反应nucleophilic reagent亲核试剂nucleophilic reaction 亲核反应英文名汉文名Angular methyl group 角甲基Alkylidene group 亚烷基Allyl group 烯丙基Allylic 烯丙型[的]Phenyl group 苯基Aryl group 芳基Benzyl group 苄基Benzylic 苄型[的]Activating group 活化基团Chromophore 生色团Auxochrome 助色团Magnetically anisotropic group 磁各向异性基团Smally ring 小环Common ring 普通环Medium rimg 中环Large ring 大环Bridged-ring system 桥环体系Spiro compound 螺环化合物Helical molecule 螺旋型分子Octahedral compound 八面体化合物Conjugation 共轭Conjugated-system 共轭体系Acyl cation 酰[基]正离子Benzylic cation 苄[基]正离子Arenirm ion 芳[基]正离子Ketyl radical 羰自由基Radical ion 自由基离子Radical cation 自由基正离子Radical anion 自由基负离子Isomerism 异构[现象]Aci form 酸式Fluxional structure 循变结构Stereochemistry 立体化学Optical activity 光学活性Dextro isomer 右旋异构体Laevo isomer 左旋异构体Tetrahedral configuration 四面体构型Stereoisomerism 立体异构[现象] Asymmetric atom 不对称原子Asymmetric carbon 不对称碳Pseudoasymmetric carbon 假不对称碳Phantom atom 虚拟原子Homotopic 等位[的]Heterotopic 异位[的] Enantiotopic 对映异位[的] Diastereotopic 非对映异位[的] Configuration 构型Absolute configuration 绝对构型Chirality 手性Chiral 手性[的]Chiral center 手性中心Chiral molecule 手性分子Achiral 非手性[的]Fischer projection 费歇尔投影式Neoman projection 纽曼投影式D-L system of nomenclature D-L命名体系R-S syytem of nomenclature R-S命名体系Cahn-Ingold-Prelon sequence 顺序规则Symmetry factor 对称因素Plane of symmetry 对称面Mirror symmetry 镜面对称Enantiomer 对映[异构]体Diastereomer 非对映[异构]体Epimer 差向异构体Anomer 端基[差向]异构体Erythro configuration 赤型构型Erythro isomer 赤型异构体Threo configuration 苏型构型Threo isomer 苏型异构体Trigonal carbon 三角型碳Cis-trans isomerism 顺反异构E isomer E异构体Z isomer Z异构体Endo isomer 内型异构体Exo isomer 外型异构体Prochirality 前手性Pro-R group 前R基团Pro-S proup 前S基团Re face Re面Si face Si面Racemic mixture 外消旋混合物Racemic compound 外消旋化合物Racemic solid solution 外消旋固体溶液Meso compound 内消旋化合物Quasi recemate 准外消旋体Conformation 构象Conformational 构象分析Torsion angle 扭转角Rotamer 旋转异构体Anti conformation 反式构象Bisecting conformation 等分构象Anti periplanar conformation 反叠构象Synperiplanar conformation 顺叠构象Synclinal conformation 反错构象Synclinal conformation 顺错构象Eclipsed conformation 重叠构象Gauche conformation, skewcon-formation 邻位交叉构象Staggered conformation 对位交叉构象Steric effect 空间效应Steric hindrance 位阻Atropismer 阻转异构体Puckered ring 折叠环Conformational inversion 构象反转Chair conformation 椅型构象Boat conformation 船型构象Twist conformation 扭型构象Skew boat conformation 扭船型构象Half-chair conformation 半椅型构象Pseudorotation 假旋转Envelope conformation 信封[型]构象Axial bond 直[立]键Equatorial bond 平[伏]键Cisoid conformation 顺向构象Transoid conformation 反向构象Retention of configuration 构型保持Regioselectivity 区域选择性Regiospecificity 区域专一性Stereocelectivity 立体选择性Stereospecificty 立体专一性Conformer 构象异构体Conformational effect 构象效应Cram’s rube 克拉姆规则Prelog’rule 普雷洛格规则Stereochemical orientation 立体[化学]取向Conformational transmission 构象传递Homolog 同系物Ipso position 本位Ortho position 邻位Meta position 间位Para position 对位Amphi position 远位Peri position 近位Trigonal hybridization 三角杂化Molecular orbiral method 分子轨道法Valence bond method 价键法Delocalezed bond 离域键Cross conjugation 交叉共轭Vinylog 插烯物Mesomeric effect 中介效应Resonance 共振Resonance effect 共振效应Hyperconjugation 超共轭Isovalent hyperconjugation 等价超共轭No-bond resonance 无键共振Aromaticity 芳香性Aromatic sexter 芳香六隅Huckel’rule 休克尔规则Paramagnetic ring current 顺磁环电流Diamagnetic ring cruuent 抗磁环电流Homoaromaticity 同芳香性Antiaromaticity 反芳香性Alternant hydrocarbon 交替烃Non-alternant hydrocarbon 非交替烷Pericyclic reaction 周环反应Electrocyclic rearrangement 电环[化]重排Conrotatory 顺旋Disroatatory 对旋Cycloaddition 环加成Symmetry forbidden-reaction 对称禁阻反应Synfacial reaction 同面反应Antarafacial reaction 异面反应Mobius system 默比乌斯体系Leois structure 路易斯结构Coordinate-covalent bond 配位共价键Banana bond 香蕉键Pauling electronegativity scale 鲍林电负性标度Polarizability 可极化性Inductive effect 诱导效应Field effect 场效应Electrical effect 电场效应tautomerism 互变异构Tautomerization 互变异构化Keto-enol tautomerism 酮-烯醇互变异构Phenol-keto tautomerism 酚-酮互变异构Imine-enamine atutomerism 亚胺-烯胺互变异构Ring-chain tautomerism 环-链互变异构Valence tautomerism 价互变异构Ambident 两可[的]Solvent effect 溶剂效应Acid-base catalyxed reaction 酸性溶剂Basic solvent 碱性溶剂Dielectric constant 介电常数Solvated electron 溶剂化电子Acid-base catalyzed reaction 酸碱催化反应Conjugate base 共轭酸Conjugate base 共轭碱Therm odynamic acidity 热力学酸度Kinetic acidity 动力学酸度Electron donof-acceptor complex,EDAcomplex 电子给[体]受体络合物Host 主体Guest 客体Primary isotope effect 一级同位素效应Secondary isotope effect 二级同位数效应Inverse isotope effect 逆同位素效应Kinetic control 动力学控制Thermodynamic control 热力学控制Substrate 底物Intermediate 中间体Reactive intermediate 活泼中间体Microscopic reversibility 微观可逆性Hammond postulate 哈蒙德假说Linear free energy 线性自由能Non-bonded interaction 非键相互作用Torsional effect 扭转效应Pitzer strain 皮策张力Restricted rotation 阻碍旋转Eclipsing effect 重叠效应Eclipsing strain 重叠张力Small-angle strain 小角张力Large angle strain 大角张力Transannular interaction 跨环相互作用Transannular strain 跨环张力I strain 内张力F strain 前张力B strain 后张力Anomeric effect 端基异构效应Walden inversion 瓦尔登反转Racemization 外消旋化Isoinversion 等反转Isoracemization 等消旋Homochiral 纯手性[的] Mechanism 机理Unimolecular nucleophilic 单分子亲核取代Bimolecular nucleophilicsub-stitution 双分子亲核取代Bimolecular nucleophilicsubsti-tution(with allylic rearrange-ment) 双分子亲核取代（含烯丙型重排）Internal nucleophilicsubstiru-tion 分子内亲核取代Aromatic nucleophilicsubstitu-tion 芳香亲核取代Unimolecular electrophilicsub-stitution 单分子亲电取代Bimolecular electrophilicsubsti-tution 双分子亲电取代Nucleophile-assistedunimolecu-lar electrophilic substitution 亲核体协助单分子亲电取代Unimolecular elimination 单分子消除Bimolecular elimination 双分子消除Unimolecular elimination through the conjugate base 单分子共轭碱消除Bimolecular elimination through the conjugate base 双分子共轭碱消除Bimolecular elimination withfor-mation of a carbonyl group 双分子羰基形成消除Unimolecular acid-catalyzedacyl-oxygen cleavage 单分子酸催化酰氧断裂Bimolecular base-catalyzedacyl-oxygen cleavage 双分子碱催化酰氧断裂Unimolecular acid-catalyzedalkyl-oxygen cleavage 单分子酸催化烷氧断裂Bimllecular base-catalyzed al- kyl-oxygen cleavage 双分子碱催化烷氧断裂π-allyl complex mechanism π烯丙型络合机理Borderline mechanism 边理机理Homolysis 均裂Heterolysis 异裂Heterolytic michanism 异裂机理Counrer[gegen]ion 反荷离子Ion pair 离子对Carbocation 碳正离子Nonclassical carbocation 非经典碳正离子Carbanion 碳负离子Masked carbanion 掩蔽碳负离子Carbenoid 卡宾体Carbene 卡宾Nitrene 氮宾Carbine 碳炔Electrophilic addition 亲电加成Electrophile 亲电体Diaxial addition 双直键加成Markovnikov’s rube 马尔科夫尼科规则Anti-Markovnikov addition 反马氏加成Michael addition 迈克尔加成Substitution 取代Electrophilic substitution 亲电取代Addition-elimination mechanism 加成消除机理Electrophilic aromaticsubstitu-tion 亲电芳香取代Electron transfer 电子转移Electron-donating group 给电子基团Electron-Withdrawing group 吸电子基团Deactivating group 钝化基团Orinentation 取向Ortho-para directing group 邻对位定位基Meta directing group 间位定位基Ortho effect 邻位效应Partial rate factor 分速度系数Nucleophilic reaction 亲核反应Internal return 内返Nucleophilicity 亲核体Nucleophilicity 亲核性α-effect α-效应Backside attack 背面进攻Inversion 反转Umbrella effect 伞效应Push-pull effect 推拉效应Leaving group 离去基团Electrofuge 离电体Nucleofuge 离核体Phase-transfer catalysis 相转移催化Neighboring group participation 邻基基参与Neighboring proupassistance,anchimeric assistance 邻助作用Neighboring group effect 邻基效应Apofacial reaction 反面反应Briddgehead displacement 桥头取代Aryl action 芳正离子Benzyne 苯炔Zaitsev rule 札依采夫规则Anti-Zaitsev orientation 反札依采夫定向Hofmann’s rule 霍夫曼规则Bredt rule 布雷特规则Initiation 引发Anionic cleavage 负离子裂解Partial bond fixation 键[的]部分固定化02．3有机化学反应Alkylation 烷基化C- alkylation C-烷基化O- alkylation O-烷基化N-alkylation N-烷基化Silylation 硅烷[基]化Exhaustive methylation 彻底甲基化Seco alkylation 断裂烷基化Demethylation 脱甲基化Ethylation 乙基化Arylation 芳基化Acylation 酰化Formylation 甲酰化Carbalkoxylation 烷氧羰基化Carboamidation 氨羰基化Carboxylation 羧基化Amination 氨基化Bisamination 双氨基化Cine substitution 移位取代Transamination 氨基交换Hydroxylation 羟基化acyloxyation 酰氧基化Decarboxylative nitration 脱羧卤化Allylic halogenation 烯丙型卤化Dehalogenation 脱卤Nitration 硝化Decarboxylative nitration 脱羧硝化Nitrosation 亚硝化Sulfonation 磺化Chlorosulfonation 氯磺酰化Desulfonation 脱磺酸基Sulfenylation 亚磺酰化Sulfonylation 磺酰化Chlorosulfenation 氯亚磺酰化Chlorocarbonylation 氯羰基化Diazotization 重氮化Diazo transfer 重氮基转移Coupling reaction 偶联反应Diazonium coupling 重氮偶联Cross-coupling reaction 交叉偶联反应1,4-addition 1，4-加成Conjugate addition 共轭加成Dimerization 二聚Trimefization 三聚Additive dimerization 加成二聚sulfurization 硫化Selenylation 硒化Hydroboration 硼氢化Oxyamination 羟氨基化Insertion 插入carbonylation 羧基化Hydroformylation 加氢甲酰基化Hydroacylation 加氢酰化Oxo process 羰基合成Decarbonylation 脱羰Hydrocarboxylation 氢羧基化Homologization 同系化Cyanoethylation 氰乙基化Decyanoethylation 脱氰乙基Ring clsure 环合Diene synthesis 双烯合成Dienophile 亲双烯体Endo addition 内型加成Exo addition 外型加成Diels-Alder reaction 第尔斯-尔德反应Retro Diels-Alder reaction 逆第尔斯-阿尔德反应Ene synthesis 单烯合成Anionic cycloaddition 负离子环加成Dipolar addition 偶极加成- elimination -消除- elimination -消除- elimination -消除-elimination -消除Dehydrohalogenation 脱卤化氢Deamination 脱氨基Pyrolytic elimination 热解消除Elimination-addition 消除-加成Decarboxylation 脱羧Decarboxamidation 脱酰胺Decyanation 脱氰基Alkylolysis,alkyl cleavage 烷基裂解Acylolysis,acyl cleavage 酰基裂解Flash pyrolysis 闪热裂Fragmentation 碎裂Chiletropic reaction 螯键反应Chelation 螯环化Esterification 酯化Transesterification 酯交换Saponification 皂化Alcoholysis 醇解Ethanolysis 乙醇解Cyanomethylation 氰甲基化Aminomethylation 氨甲基化Hydroxymethylation 羟甲基化Hydroxyalkylation 羟烷基化Cholromethylation 氯甲基化Haloalkylation 卤烷基化Transacetalation 缩醛交换Enolization 烯醇化Haloform reaction 卤仿反应Condensation 缩合Aldol condensation 羟醛缩合Cross aldol condensation 交叉羟醛缩合Retrograde aldol condensation 逆羟醛缩合Acyloin condensation 偶姻缩合Cyclization 环化Annulation,annelation 增环反应Spiroannulation 螺增环Autoxidation 自氧化Allylic hydroperoxylation 烯丙型氢过氧化Epoxidation 环氧化Oxonolysis 臭氧解Electrochemical oxidation 电化学氧化Oxidative decarboxylation 氧化脱羧Aromatization 芳构化Catalytic hydrogenation 催化氢化Heterogeneous hydrogenation 多相氢化Homogeneous hydrogenation 均相氢化Catalytic dehydrogenation 催化脱氢Transfer hydrogenation 转移氢化Hydrogenolysis 氢解Dissolving metal reduction 溶解金属还原Single electron transfer 单电子转移Bimolecular reduction 双分子还原Electrochemical reduction 电化学还原Reductive alkylation 还原烷基化Reductive acylation 还原酰化Reductive dimerization 还原二聚Deoxygenation 脱氧Desulfurization 脱硫Deselenization 脱硒Mitallation 金属化Lithiation 锂化Hydrometallation 氢金属化Mercuration 汞化Oxymercuration 羟汞化Aminomercuration 氨汞化Abstraction 夺取[反应]Internal abstraction 内夺取[反应] Rearrangement 重排Prototropic rearrangement 质了转移重排Double bond migration 双键移位Allylic migration 烯丙型重排Allylic migration 烯丙型迁移Ring contraction 环缩小[反应] Ring expansion,ring enlargement 扩环[反应]-ketol rearrangement -酮醇重排Pinacol rearrangement 频哪醇重排Retropinacol rearrangement 逆频哪醇重排Semipinacol rearrangement 半频哪醇重排Benzilic rearrangement 二苯乙醇酸重排Acyl rearrangement 酰基重排Migratory aptitude 迁移倾向Transannular insertion 跨环插入Transannular rearrangement 跨环重排Migration 迁移Prototropy 质子转移Cationotropic rearrangement 正离子转移重排Anionotropy 负离子转移Anionotropic rearrangement 负离子转移重排Sigmatropic rearrangement -迁移重排Homosigmatropic rearrangement 同迁移重排Electrophilic rearrangement 亲电重排Photosensitization 光敏化Forbidden transition 禁阻跃迁photooxidation 光氧化Photoisomerization 光异构化Photochemical rearrangement 光化学重排2．4 有机化合物类名Aliphatic compound 脂肪族化合物Hpdrocarbon 碳氢化合物Alkane 烷Wax 蜡Paraffin wax 石蜡Alkene 烯Alkyen 炔Acetylide 炔化物Active hydrogen compounds 活泼氢化合物Carbon acid 碳氢酸Super acid 超酸Diene 双烯Triene 三烯Allene 丙二烯Ccumulene 累积多烯Enyne 烯炔Diyne 二炔Alkyl halide 卤代烷Alcohol 醇Homoallylic alcohol 高烯丙醇Ether 醚Epoxide 环氧化物Cellosolve 溶纤剂Crown ether 冠醚Netro compound 硝基化合物Amine 胺Quaternaryammonium com-pound 季铵化合物Amine oxide 氧化胺Diazoalkane 重氮烷Mercaptan 硫醇Sulfonic acid 磺酸Sulfoxide 亚砜Sulfone 砜Aldehyde 醛Detone 酮Aldehyde hydrate 醛水合物Ketone hydrate 酮水合物Hemiacetal 半缩醛Acetal 缩醛Ketal 缩酮Dithiane 二噻烷Aminal 缩醛胺imine 亚胺Aldimine 醛亚胺Oxime 肟Aldimine 醛肟Oxime 亚硝基化合物aldoxime 硝酮Hydrazone 腙Azine 嗪Semicarbazone 缩氯基脲Cyanohydrin 羟腈Pinacol 频哪醇Enol 烯醇Enol ether 烯醇醚Enol ester 烯醇酯Enamine 烯胺Ynamine 炔胺Mannich base 曼尼希碱Carboxylic acid 羧酸Ester 酯orthoester 原酸酯Acyl halide 酰卤Acyl fluoride 酰氟Acyl chloride 酰氯Acyl rtomide 酰溴Acyl iodide 酰碘Carbobenzoxy chloride 苄氧甲酰氯Acyl tosylate 酰基对甲苯磺酸酐Ketene 乙烯酮Peracid 过酸Perester 过酸酯Acyl peroxide 酰基过氧化物Nitrile 腈Nitrile oxide 氧化腈Isonitrile 异腈Amide 酰胺Imide 二酰亚胺N-bromo compound N-溴化物Hydrazide 酰肼Acyl azide 酰叠氮Amidine 脒Keto ester 酮酸酯Acyl cyanide 酰腈Carbon suboxide 二氧化三碳Glycidic acid 环氧丙酸Carbammic acid 氨基甲酸Carbamate 氨基甲酸酯Urea 脲Cyanamide 氨腈Carbodiimide 碳二亚胺Allophanate 脲基甲酸酯Thioester 硫代酸酯Thiol acid 硫羰酸Lactone 内酯Lactol 内半缩醛Macrolide 大环内酯Amino acid 氨基酸Zwitterions 两性离子Inner salt 内盐Betaine 甜菜碱Lactam 内酰胺Hydantion 乙内酰脲Peptide 肽Glycol 二醇Aldol 羟醛Acyloin 偶姻Carbohydrate 碳水化合物Aldose 醛糖Ketose 酮糖Furanose 呋喃糖Pyranose 吡喃糖Glycoside 糖苷Glucoside 葡[萄]糖苷Aglycon 苷元Saccharide 糖类Oligosaccharide 寡糖Polysaccharide 多糖Alditol 糖醇Osazone 脎Alicyclic compound 脂环化合物Cycloalkene 环烷Spirane 环烯Cage compound 螺烷Propellane 笼型化合物Rotazane 螺桨烷Catenane 轮烷Rused ring 索烃11。
有机化学方面的专业英语
Angular methyl group 角甲基Alkylidene group 亚烷基Allyl group 烯丙基Allylic 烯丙型[的]Phenyl group 苯基Aryl group 芳基Benzyl group 苄基Benzylic 苄型[的]Activating group 活化基团Chromophore 生色团Auxochrome 助色团Magnetically anisotropic group 磁各向异性基团Smally ring 小环Common ring 普通环Medium ring 中环Large ring 大环Bridged-ring system 桥环体系Spiro compound 螺环化合物Helical molecule 螺旋型分子Octahedral compound 八面体化合物Conjugation 共轭Conjugated-system 共轭体系Acyl cation 酰[基]正离子Benzylic cation 苄[基]正离子Arenirm ion 芳[基]正离子Ketyl radical 羰自由基Radical ion 自由基离子Radical cation 自由基正离子Radical anion 自由基负离子Isomerism 异构[现象]Aci form 酸式Fluxional structure 循变结构Stereochemistry 立体化学Optical activity 光学活性Dextro isomer 右旋异构体Laevo isomer 左旋异构体Tetrahedral configuration 四面体构型Stereoisomerism 立体异构[现象] Asymmetric atom 不对称原子Asymmetric carbon 不对称碳Pseudoasymmetric carbon 假不对称碳Phantom atom 虚拟原子Homotopic 等位[的] Heterotopic 异位[的]Enantiotopic 对映异位Diastereotopic 非对映异位[的] Configuration 构型Absolute configuration 绝对构型Chirality 手性Chiral 手性[的]Chiral center 手性中心Chiral molecule 手性分子Achiral 非手性[的] Fischer projection 费歇尔投影式Neoman projection 纽曼投影式D-L system of nomenclature D-L命名体系R-S syytem of nomenclature R-S命名体系Cahn-Ingold-Prelon sequence 顺序规则Symmetry factor 对称因素Plane of symmetry 对称面Mirror symmetry 镜面对称Enantiomer 对映[异构]体Diastereomer 非对映[异构]体Epimer 差向异构体Anomer 端基[差向]异构体Erythro configuration 赤型构型Erythro isomer 赤型异构体Threo configuration 苏型构型Threo isomer 苏型异构体Trigonal carbon 三角型碳Cis-trans isomerism 顺反异构E isomer E异构体Z isomer Z异构体Endo isomer 内型异构体Exo isomer 外型异构体Prochirality 前手性Pro-R group 前R基团Pro-S proup 前S基团Re face Re面Si face Si面Racemic mixture 外消旋混合物Racemic compound 外消旋化合物Racemic solid solution 外消旋固体溶液Meso compound 内消旋化合物Quasi recemate 准外消旋体Conformation 构象Conformational 构象分析Torsion angle 扭转角Rotamer 旋转异构体Anti conformation 反式构象Bisecting conformation 等分构象Anti periplanar conformation 反叠构象Synperiplanar conformation 顺叠构象Synclinal conformation 反错构象Synclinal conformation 顺错构象Eclipsed conformation 重叠构象Gauche conformation, skew con-formation 邻位交叉构象Staggered conformation 对位交叉构象Steric effect 空间效应Steric hindrance 位阻Atropismer 阻转异构体Puckered ring 折叠环Conformational inversion 构象反转Chair conformation 椅型构象Boat conformation 船型构象Twist conformation 扭型构象Skew boat conformation 扭船型构象Half-chair conformation 半椅型构象Pseudorotation 假旋转Envelope conformation 信封[型]构象Axial bond 直[立]键Equatorial bond 平[伏]键Cisoid conformation 顺向构象Transoid conformation 反向构象Retention of configuration 构型保持Regioselectivity 区域选择性Regiospecificity 区域专一性Stereocelectivity 立体选择性Stereospecificty 立体专一性Conformer 构象异构体Conformational effect 构象效应Cram’s rube 克拉姆规则Prelog’rule普雷洛格规则Stereochemical orientation 立体[化学]取向Conformational transmission 构象传递Homolog 同系物Ipso position 本位Ortho position 邻位Meta position 间位Para position 对位Amphi position 远位Peri position 近位Trigonal hybridization 三角杂化Molecular orbiral method 分子轨道法Valence bond method 价键法Delocalezed bond 离域键Cross conjugation 交叉共轭Vinylog 插烯物Mesomeric effect 中介效应Resonance 共振Resonance effect 共振效应Hyperconjugation 超共轭Isovalent hyperconjugation 等价超共轭No-bond resonance 无键共振Aromaticity 芳香性Aromatic sexter 芳香六隅Huckel’rule休克尔规则Paramagnetic ring current 顺磁环电流Diamagnetic ring cruuent 抗磁环电流Homoaromaticity 同芳香性Antiaromaticity 反芳香性Alternant hydrocarbon 交替烃Non-alternant hydrocarbon 非交替烷Pericyclic reaction 周环反应Electrocyclic rearrangement 电环[化]重排Conrotatory 顺旋Disroatatory 对旋Cycloaddition 环加成Symmetry forbidden-reaction 对称禁阻反应Synfacial reaction 同面反应Antarafacial reaction 异面反应Mobius system 默比乌斯体系Leois structure 路易斯结构Coordinate-covalent bond 配位共价键Banana bond 香蕉键Pauling electronegativity scale 鲍林电负性标度Polarizability 可极化性Inductive effect 诱导效应Field effect 场效应Electrical effect 电场效应tautomerism 互变异构Tautomerization 互变异构化Keto-enol tautomerism 酮-烯醇互变异构Phenol-keto tautomerism 酚-酮互变异构Imine-enamine atutomerism 亚胺-烯胺互变异构Ring-chain tautomerism 环-链互变异构Valence tautomerism 价互变异构Ambident 两可[的]Solvent effect 溶剂效应Acid-base catalyxed reaction 酸性溶剂Basic solvent 碱性溶剂Dielectric constant 介电常数Solvated electron 溶剂化电子Acid-base catalyzed reaction 酸碱催化反应Conjugate base 共轭酸Conjugate base 共轭碱Therm odynamic acidity 热力学酸度Kinetic acidity 动力学酸度Electron donof-acceptor complex, EDAcomplex 电子给[体]受体络合物Host 主体Guest 客体Primary isotope effect 一级同位素效应Secondary isotope effect 二级同位数效应Inverse isotope effect 逆同位素效应Kinetic control 动力学控制Thermodynamic control 热力学控制Substrate 底物Intermediate 中间体Reactive intermediate 活泼中间体Microscopic reversibility 微观可逆性Hammond postulate 哈蒙德假说Linear free energy 线性自由能Non-bonded interaction 非键相互作用Torsional effect 扭转效应Pitzer strain 皮策张力Restricted rotation 阻碍旋转Eclipsing effect 重叠效应Eclipsing strain 重叠张力Small-angle strain 小角张力Large angle strain 大角张力Transannular interaction 跨环相互作用Transannular strain 跨环张力I strain 内张力F strain 前张力 B strain 后张力Anomeric effect 端基异构效应Walden inversion 瓦尔登反转Racemization 外消旋化Isoinversion 等反转Isoracemization 等消旋Homochiral 纯手性[的]Mechanism 机理Unimolecular nucleophilic 单分子亲核取代Bimolecular nucleophilic sub-stitution 双分子亲核取代Bimolecular nucleophilic substi-tution(with allylic rearrange-ment) 双分子亲核取代（含烯丙型重排）Internal nucleophilic substiru-tion 分子内亲核取代Aromatic nucleophilic substitu-tion 芳香亲核取代Unimolecular electrophilic sub-stitution 单分子亲电取代Bimolecular electrophilic substi-tution 双分子亲电取代Nucleophile-assisted unimolecu-lar electrophilic substitution 亲核体协助单分子亲电取代Unimolecular elimination 单分子消除Bimolecular elimination 双分子消除Unimolecular elimination through the conjugate base 单分子共轭碱消除Bimolecular elimination through the conjugate base 双分子共轭碱消除Bimolecular elimination with for-mation of a carbonyl group 双分子羰基形成消除Unimolecular acid-catalyzed acyl-oxygen cleavage 单分子酸催化酰氧断裂Bimolecular base-catalyzed acyl-oxygen cleavage 双分子碱催化酰氧断裂Unimolecular acid-catalyzed alkyl-oxygen cleavage 单分子酸催化烷氧断裂Bimllecular base-catalyzed al- kyl-oxygen cleavage 双分子碱催化烷氧断裂π-allyl complex mechanism π烯丙型络合机理Borderline mechanism 边理机理Homolysis 均裂Heterolysis 异裂Heterolytic michanism 异裂机理Counrer[gegen]ion 反荷离子Ion pair 离子对Carbocation 碳正离子Nonclassical carbocation 非经典碳正离子Carbanion 碳负离子Masked carbanion 掩蔽碳负离子Carbenoid 卡宾体Carbene 卡宾Nitrene 氮宾Carbine 碳炔Electrophilic addition 亲电加成Electrophile 亲电体Diaxial addition 双直键加成Markovnikov’s rube 马尔科夫尼科规则Anti-Markovnikov addition 反马氏加成Michael addition 迈克尔加成Substitution 取代Electrophilic substitution 亲电取代Addition-elimination mechanism 加成消除机理Electrophilic aromatic substitu-tion 亲电芳香取代Electron transfer 电子转移Electron-donating group 给电子基团Electron-Withdrawing group 吸电子基团Deactivating group 钝化基团Orinentation 取向Ortho-para directing group 邻对位定位基Meta directing group 间位定位基Ortho effect 邻位效应Partial rate factor 分速度系数Nucleophilic reaction 亲核反应Internal return 内返Nucleophilicity 亲核体Nucleophilicity 亲核性α-effect α-效应Backside attack 背面进攻Inversion 反转Umbrella effect 伞效应Push-pull effect 推拉效应Leaving group 离去基团Electrofuge 离电体Nucleofuge 离核体Phase-transfer catalysis 相转移催化Neighboring group participation 邻基基参与Neighboring proup assistance,anchimeric assistance 邻助作用Neighboring group effect 邻基效应Apofacial reaction 反面反应Briddgehead displacement 桥头取代Aryl action 芳正离子Benzyne 苯炔Zaitsev rule 札依采夫规则Anti-Zaitsev orientation 反札依采夫定向Hofmann’s rule 霍夫曼规则Bredt rule 布雷特规则Initiation 引发Anionic cleavage 负离子裂解Partial bond fixation 键[的]部分固定化02．3有机化学反应Alkylation 烷基化C- alkylation C-烷基化O- alkylation O-烷基化N-alkylation N-烷基化Silylation 硅烷[基]化Exhaustive methylation 彻底甲基化Seco alkylation 断裂烷基化Demethylation 脱甲基化Ethylation 乙基化Arylation 芳基化Acylation 酰化Formylation 甲酰化Carbalkoxylation 烷氧羰基化Carboamidation 氨羰基化Carboxylation 羧基化Amination 氨基化Bisamination 双氨基化Cine substitution 移位取代Transamination 氨基交换Hydroxylation 羟基化acyloxyation 酰氧基化Decarboxylative nitration 脱羧卤化Allylic halogenation 烯丙型卤化Dehalogenation 脱卤Nitration 硝化Decarboxylative nitration 脱羧硝化Nitrosation 亚硝化Sulfonation 磺化Chlorosulfonation 氯磺酰化Desulfonation 脱磺酸基Sulfenylation 亚磺酰化Sulfonylation 磺酰化Chlorosulfenation 氯亚磺酰化Chlorocarbonylation 氯羰基化Diazotization 重氮化Diazo transfer 重氮基转移Coupling reaction 偶联反应Diazonium coupling 重氮偶联Cross-coupling reaction 交叉偶联反应1,4-addition 1，4-加成Conjugate addition 共轭加成Dimerization 二聚Trimefization 三聚Additive dimerization 加成二聚sulfurization 硫化Selenylation 硒化Hydroboration 硼氢化Oxyamination 羟氨基化Insertion 插入Carbonylation 羧基化Hydroformylation 加氢甲酰基化Hydroacylation 加氢酰化Oxo process 羰基合成Decarbonylation 脱羰Hydrocarboxylation 氢羧基化Homologization 同系化Cyanoethylation 氰乙基化Decyanoethylation 脱氰乙基Ring clsure 环合Diene synthesis 双烯合成Dienophile 亲双烯体Endo addition 内型加成Exo addition 外型加成Diels-Alder reaction 第尔斯-尔德反应Retro Diels-Alder reaction 逆第尔斯-阿尔德反应Ene synthesis 单烯合成Anionic cycloaddition 负离子环加成Dipolar addition 偶极加成- elimination -消除Dehydrohalogenation 脱卤化氢Deamination 脱氨基Pyrolytic elimination 热解消除Elimination-addition 消除-加成Decarboxylation 脱羧Decarboxamidation 脱酰胺Decyanation 脱氰基Alkylolysis,alkyl cleavage 烷基裂解Acylolysis,acyl cleavage 酰基裂解Flash pyrolysis 闪热裂Fragmentation 碎裂Chiletropic reaction 螯键反应Chelation 螯环化Esterification 酯化Transesterification 酯交换Saponification 皂化Alcoholysis 醇解Ethanolysis 乙醇解Cyanomethylation 氰甲基化Aminomethylation 氨甲基化Hydroxymethylation 羟甲基化Hydroxyalkylation 羟烷基化Cholromethylation 氯甲基化Haloalkylation 卤烷基化Transacetalation 缩醛交换Enolization 烯醇化Haloform reaction 卤仿反应Condensation 缩合Aldol condensation 羟醛缩合Cross aldol condensation 交叉羟醛缩合Retrograde aldol condensation 逆羟醛缩合Acyloin condensation 偶姻缩合Cyclization 环化Annulation,annelation 增环反应Spiroannulation 螺增环Autoxidation 自氧化Allylic hydroperoxylation 烯丙型氢过氧化Epoxidation 环氧化Oxonolysis 臭氧解Electrochemical oxidation 电化学氧化Oxidative decarboxylation 氧化脱羧Aromatization 芳构化Catalytic hydrogenation 催化氢化Heterogeneous hydrogenation 多相氢化Homogeneous hydrogenation 均相氢化Catalytic dehydrogenation 催化脱氢Transfer hydrogenation 转移氢化Hydrogenolysis 氢解Dissolving metal reduction 溶解金属还原Single electron transfer 单电子转移Bimolecular reduction 双分子还原Electrochemical reduction 电化学还原Reductive alkylation 还原烷基化Reductive acylation 还原酰化Reductive dimerization 还原二聚Deoxygenation 脱氧Desulfurization 脱硫Deselenization 脱硒Mitallation 金属化Lithiation 锂化Hydrometallation 氢金属化Mercuration 汞化Oxymercuration 羟汞化Aminomercuration 氨汞化Abstraction 夺取[反应] Internal abstraction 内夺取[反应] Rearrangement 重排Prototropic rearrangement 质了转移重排Double bond migration 双键移位Allylic migration 烯丙型重排Allylic migration 烯丙型迁移Ring contraction 环缩小[反应]Ring expansion,ring enlargement 扩环[反应] -ketol rearrangement -酮醇重排Pinacol rearrangement 频哪醇重排Retropinacol rearrangement 逆频哪醇重排Semipinacol rearrangement 半频哪醇重排Benzilic rearrangement 二苯乙醇酸重排Acyl rearrangement 酰基重排Migratory aptitude 迁移倾向Transannular insertion 跨环插入Transannular rearrangement 跨环重排Migration 迁移Prototropy 质子转移Cationotropic rearrangement 正离子转移重排Anionotropy 负离子转移Anionotropic rearrangement 负离子转移重排Sigmatropic rearrangement -迁移重排Homosigmatropic rearrangement 同迁移重排Electrophilic rearrangement 亲电重排Photosensitization 光敏化Forbidden transition 禁阻跃迁photooxidation 光氧化Photoisomerization 光异构化Photochemical rearrangement 光化学重排2．4 有机化合物类名Aliphatic compound 脂肪族化合物Hpdrocarbon 碳氢化合物Alkane 烷Wax 蜡Paraffin wax 石蜡Alkene 烯Alkyen 炔Acetylide 炔化物Active hydrogen compounds 活泼氢化合物Carbon acid 碳氢酸Super acid 超酸Diene 双烯Triene 三烯Allene 丙二烯Ccumulene 累积多烯Enyne 烯炔Diyne 二炔Alkyl halide 卤代烷Alcohol 醇Homoallylic alcohol 高烯丙醇Ether 醚Epoxide 环氧化物Cellosolve 溶纤剂Crown ether 冠醚Netro compound 硝基化合物Amine 胺Quaternaryammonium com-pound 季铵化合物Amine oxide 氧化胺Diazoalkane 重氮烷Mercaptan 硫醇Sulfonic acid 磺酸Sulfoxide 亚砜Sulfone 砜Aldehyde 醛Detone 酮Aldehyde hydrate 醛水合物Ketone hydrate 酮水合物Hemiacetal 半缩醛Acetal 缩醛acetal [化]乙缩醛, 乙缩醛二乙醇Ketal 缩酮Dithiane 二噻烷Aminal 缩醛胺imine 亚胺Aldimine 醛亚胺Oxime 肟Aldimine 醛肟Oxime 亚硝基化合物aldoxime 硝酮Hydrazone 腙Azine 嗪Semicarbazone 缩氯基脲Cyanohydrin 羟腈Pinacol 频哪醇Enol 烯醇Enol ether 烯醇醚Enol ester 烯醇酯Enamine 烯胺Ynamine 炔胺Mannich base 曼尼希碱Carboxylic acid 羧酸Ester 酯orthoester 原酸酯Acyl halide 酰卤Acyl fluoride 酰氟Acyl chloride 酰氯Acyl rtomide 酰溴Acyl iodide 酰碘Carbobenzoxy chloride 苄氧甲酰氯Acyl tosylate 酰基对甲苯磺酸酐Ketene 乙烯酮Peracid 过酸Perester 过酸酯Acyl peroxide 酰基过氧化物Nitrile 腈Nitrile oxide 氧化腈Isonitrile 异腈Amide 酰胺Imide 二酰亚胺N-bromo compound N-溴化物Hydrazide 酰肼Acyl azide 酰叠氮Amidine 脒Keto ester 酮酸酯Acyl cyanide 酰腈Carbon suboxide 二氧化三碳Glycidic acid 环氧丙酸Carbammic acid 氨基甲酸Carbamate 氨基甲酸酯Urea 脲Cyanamide 氨腈Carbodiimide 碳二亚胺Allophanate 脲基甲酸酯Thioester 硫代酸酯Thiol acid 硫羰酸Lactone 内酯Lactol 内半缩醛Macrolide 大环内酯Amino acid 氨基酸Zwitterions 两性离子Inner salt 内盐Betaine 甜菜碱Lactam 内酰胺Hydantion 乙内酰脲Peptide 肽Glycol 二醇Aldol 羟醛Acyloin 偶姻Carbohydrate 碳水化合物Aldose 醛糖Ketose 酮糖Furanose 呋喃糖Pyranose 吡喃糖Glycoside 糖苷Glucoside 葡[萄]糖苷Aglycon 苷元Saccharide 糖类Oligosaccharide 寡糖Polysaccharide 多糖Alditol 糖醇Osazone 脎Alicyclic compound 脂环化合物Cycloalkene 环烷Spirane 环烯Cage compound 螺烷Propellane 笼型化合物Rotazane 螺桨烷Catenane 轮烷Rused ring 索烃活化剂的中英文名称Bis(2-ethylhexyl) sebacate （癸二酸二仲辛酯；癸二酸二2-乙基己酯）Zinc stearate （硬脂酸锌）Suberic acid （辛二酸）Adipic acid, （己二酸）Hexanedioic acid, （己二酸）Sebacic acid, dibutyl ester （癸二酸二丁酯）Abietic acid （松香酸）Lactic acid （乳酸）Poly(ethylene glycol) （聚乙二醇）Glycerol stearate （硬脂酸甘油酯）Imidazoline （咪唑啉，间二氮杂环戊烯）-Pinene （β-蒎烯，β-松油二环烯）βAdipic acid （脂肪酸）Butyl acetate （乙酸丁酯）Ethylene glycol butyl ether （乙二醇丁醚）Sebacic acid, （癸二酸）Decanedioic acid, （癸二酸）Ethylene glycol ethyl ether （乙二醇乙醚）2-Butenedioic acid (E)-, （2-丁烯二酸）Succinic acid, （琥珀酸，丁二酸）Ethylene glycol methyl ether （乙二醇甲醚）Acetyl acetate （乙酸乙酰脂）1H-Benzotriazole （1-H-笨并三唑）-Pinene （α-蒎烯,α-松香二环烯）αSalicylic acid (水杨酸)Iso-Propanol (异丙醇) Benzoic acid (苯甲酸)Ethanol (乙醇) Lysine (赖氨酸)Glutamic acid (谷氨酸,2-氨基戊二酸) Glyceroyl, （甘油酰）N,N,N',N'-Tetrakis-(2-hydroxypropyl)-ethylene-diamine（N，N，N，N-四（2-羟基丙基）乙烯二氨）Isoleucine, （异亮氨酸）Decamethylenedicarboxylic acid, disalicyloylhydrazide （Tris(2,3-dibromopropyl)isocyanurate（3（2，3-2溴丙基）异氰尿酸盐）3-(N-Salicyloyl)amino-1,2,4-triazole （3-（N-水杨酰）氨-1，2，4-三唑）Isocyanuric acid （异氰尿酸）Salicylamide （水杨酰胺）Polyethylene glycol （聚乙二醇）Diethylene glycol diethyl ether （二甘醇二乙醚，（一缩）二乙二醇二乙醚）Butyl carbitol （丁基卡必醇）Ethyl carbitol （乙基卡必醇）Methyl carbitol （甲基卡必醇）Ethylene glycol monobutyl ether （乙二醇单丁醚）Glutaric acid （戊二酸，谷酸）Succinic acid （琥珀酸，丁二酸）Citric acid （柠檬酸）Salicylic acid （水杨酸）Lactic acid （2-羟基丙酸，乳酸）Glycerin monostearate （甘油一硬脂酸）Pentaerythritol （季戊四醇）-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-phenyl)propionate] 四[β-（3，5-二叔丁基-4-羟基-苯基）丙酸酯βtetrakis[Dioctyl sebacate （癸二酸二辛酯）N-Methyl pyrrolidone, （N-甲基吡咯烷酮）Diethylene glycol ethyl ether （二甘醇乙醚）Propylene glycol （丙二醇）Octanedioic acid （辛二酸）Oleamide （油酸酰胺）[olamine 乙醇胺]2-Mercapto benzothiazole （2-巯基-苯并噻唑）Nonanedioic acid, （壬二酸）cis-9-Octadecenoic acid, （顺式-9-十八炭烯酸，油酸）Sebacic acid, uses （癸二酸）12-Hydroxy stearic acid （十二羟基硬脂酸）Phthalic acid （苯二甲酸）1,1,3-Tris(2-methyl-4-hydroxy-5-tert-butylphenyl)butane（1，1，3-三（2-甲基-4-羟基-5-叔丁基苯基）丁烷）1,3,5-Trimethyl-2,4,6-tris(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl)benzene（1，3，5-三甲基-2，4，6-三（3，5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基）苯）1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone, （1-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮）Carbonic acid, （碳酸）Phthalic acid, （苯二甲酸）Malic acid （苹果酸,羟基丁二酸）2,3-Dibromo-2-butene-1,4-diol （2，3-二溴-2-丙烯-1，4-二醇）Cetylpyridinium bromide （溴代十六烷基吡啶）Pentanedioic acid （戊二酸） pentanediol (戊二醇)pentanoic acid ( 戊酸) pentanol (戊醇) Butanedioic acid, （丁二酸）1,2-Dibromoethylbenzene （1，2-二溴乙基苯）Salicylic acid, （水杨酸）Stearic acid （硬脂酸）Pentanedioic acid （戊二酸）Maleic acid, （马来酸，失水苹果酸）Phthalic acid, （苯二甲酸）Tartaric acid, （酒石酸）Acetic acid, （乙酸）Polyoxyethylene octylphenol ether （聚氧乙烯辛基酚醚，聚氧化亚乙基辛基分醚）Ethanedioic acid, （乙二酸）Polyethylene glycol （聚乙二醇）Diethylene glycol butyl ether （二甘醇丁醚）Diethylene glycol monoethyl ether （二甘醇单乙醚）Ethylene glycol monobutyl ether （乙二醇单丁醚）Pentaerythritol, （季戊四醇）Diglycol, （二甘醇，一缩二乙二醇）Hexylene glycol （己二醇）Ethylene glycol, （乙二醇）Glycerol, （甘油,丙三醇）Cyclobutanediamine （环丁烷二胺）Dibromobutenediol （二溴丁二醇）Cyclohexanediamine （环己烷二胺）Succinamide （琥珀酰胺，丁二酸胺）Ethylenediamine, （乙二胺）Triethanolamine, （三乙醇胺）5-Aminoisophthalic acid （5-氨基间苯二甲酸）p-tert-Butylbenzoic acid （对叔丁基苯甲酸）Propionic acid, （丙酸）Benzoic acid, （安息香酸, 苯(甲)酸）Salicylamide （水杨酰胺）Aniline, （苯胺）Palmitic acid, （棕榈酸, 十六酸, 软脂酸）Glutamic acid, （谷氨酸） Glutaric acid (谷酸，戊二酸)Glycine, （甘氨酸，氨基乙酸）Malic acid （苹果酸,羟基丁二酸）Adipic acid, （己二酸）Diethanolamine （二乙醇胺）Triethylamine, （三乙胺）Malic acid （苹果酸）Oxalic acid, （草酸）Oleic acid, （油酸）Glutaric acid (谷氨酸)Sorbic acid （山梨酸） sorbic alcohol (山梨醇)=sorbit。
有机化学英文专有名词
可查专业英语的网站: Htt://.第一章Organic [ɔ:'ɡænik] 有机(体)的Compound ['kɔmpaund] 复合物, 化合物, 混合物Urea ['juəriə] 尿素; 脲Solvent ['sɔlvənt] 溶剂Polymer ['pɔlimə] 聚合物(体)Molecule ['mɔlikju:l] 分子Composition ['kɔmpə'ziʃən] 组成Bond [bɔnd] 键Spatial ['speiʃəl] 空间的Tetrahedron ['tetrə'hedrən] 四面体Covalent [kəu'veilənt] 共价的Valence ['veiləns ] 原子价Octet [ɔk'tet] 八位位组Long-pair [lɔŋ] [pɛə] 孤对Ammonia ['æməunjə] 氨Approach [ə'prəutʃ] 接近Orbital ['ɔ:bitl] 轨道的Overlap Nuclei [əuvə'læp] ['nju:kliai]重叠核Symmetrical [si'metrikəl] 对称的Polarity [pəu'læriti] 极性Electronegativity [i'lektrəu'neɡətiv] 电负性Formula ['fɔ:mjulə] 分子式, 方程式Interact ['ɪntər'ækt]互相作用Skeletal ['skelitl]骨架的, 骸骨的Substance ['sʌbstəns]物质Dissolve [di'zɔlv] 溶解Yield [ji:ld] 产率hydronium [hai'drəuniəm] 水合氢离子,Ion ['aiən] 离子Conjugate ['kɔndʒuɡit] 共轭Curve [kə:v] 曲线Acidity [ə'siditi] 酸度第二章Alkane [`'ælkein] 烷烃rather['rɑ:ðə] 在一定程度上Saturate ['sætʃəreit] 使饱和, 使中和Aliphatic [æli'fætik] 脂肪族的configuration [kən'fiɡju'reiʃən] （分子中原子的）构型，排列;【物】位形; 组态ground state [ɡraund] [steit] 基态combine [kəm'bain]合并,结合, 结合，联合Hybridize ['haibridaiz] 杂交Equivalent [i'kwivələnt] 相等的, 相当的Rotation [rəu'teiʃn] 旋转, 转动Isomer [`a'səumə] 异构体Constitution isomer [`k'nsti`t'u:ʃən] [aisəumə] 构造异构体Nomenclature [nəu`m'ŋklətʃə] 系统命名法Methane [`'meθein] 甲烷,Ethane [`' eθein]乙烷Propane [`'prəupein]丙烷Butane [`'bju:tein] 丁烷Pentane [`'pentein] 戊烷Hexane [hek'sein]己烷Heptane [`'heptein] 庚烷Octane [`'ɔk tein] 辛烷Nonane [`'nɔnein]壬烷Decane ['dekein] 癸烷Alkyl group [`'ælkil] [ɡru:p], [`'ælkəl] 烷基Tertiary [`'tə:ʃəri] 第三级的Isopropyl [‚aisəu'prəupil] 异丙基Tert-butyl [‘bju:til]叔的(丁基), 三代的(丁基) Substituent [sʌb'sitjuənt] 取代基Alphabetical [,ælfə`betikl] 按字母Conformation [kɔnfɔ:`meiʃən] 构造Eclipse [i`klips] 重叠Stagger [`'stæɡə] 交叉Stereoisomer [,stiəriəu`aisəmə]立体异构术Orientation [,ɔ:rien`teiʃən] 方向Cyclo ['si:kləu,'saikləu] 环状的第三章Alkene [`'ælki:n] 烯烃Alkyne [`'ælkain] 炔Hydrocarbon [`'haidrəu'ka:bən] 碳氢化合物Allyl [`'ælil] 烯丙基Planar [`'pleinə] 平面的; 在(同一)平面上的; 平的Perpendicular [，pə:pən'dikjulə] 垂直的Ethylene [`'eiθli:n] 乙烯Butene [`'bju:ti:n] 丁烯Priority [prai`ɔr iti] 优先权Reagent [,ri:`eidʒənt] 试剂; 反应物Substrate [`'sΛbstreit] (有机体的)培养基Reactant [ri: 'æKtənt] 反应物Addition [ə'diʃən] 加法Elimination [i,limi'neiʃən] 消除Substitution [,sʌbsti`tju:ʃən] 取代Rearrangement [,ri:ə'reindʒmənt] 重排Occur [ə'k ə:] 发生Mechanism [`'mekənizəm] 机制Transformation [,trænsfə'meiʃən] 转化Homogenic [,həumə'dʒenik] 均相的Heterogenic [`'hetərəudʒenik] 非均相的Oxidation [,ɔksi`deiʃən] 氧化Reduction [ri`dΛkʃən] 还原Fragment [`'fræɡmənt] 碎片; 片断Radical ['redikəl] 自由基Electrophile [i'lektrəfail] 亲电试剂Nucleophile ['nju:kliəfail] 亲核试剂Vacant [`'vreikənt] 空的;Transition state [træn`ziʃən] [steit] 过渡态Intermediate['intə'mi:djət] 中间的; Carbocation 碳阳离子Bromide [`'brəumaid] 溴化物; 溴化物乳剂Halide ['hælaid] 卤化物Halogen [`hæ'lədʒən] 卤素Chlorine [`'klɔ:ri:n] 氯气Regioselectrivity 区域选择性Inductive Effect [in`dΛktiv] [i`fekt] 诱导效应Electro-wthdraw [i`lektrəu] [wiðdrɔ:] 吸电子Vicinal ['visinəl] 连位的Hydrogenation [,haidrədʒə`neiʃən] 氢化作用Exothermic [,eksəu`θə:mik] 发热的Solid [`sɔlid] 固体的Interface [`intəfeis] 界面Potassium [pə`tæsiəm] 钾Solution [sə`lu:ʃən] 溶液Cleavage ['kli:vidʒ] 断裂Neutral [`nju:trəl] 中性的Ozone [`əuzəun] 臭氧Epoxidation [e,pɔksi`deiʃən] 环氧化Terminal [`tə:minl] 终端Acetylene [ə`setili:n] 乙炔;Carbanion [`kα:bənaiən] 阴碳离子, 负碳离子第四章Delocalization [di:`ləukəlaiz] 非定域作用Resonance [`rezənəns] 共振第五章Aromatic [,ærəu`mætik] 芳香族的Benzene [`'benzi:n] 苯Toluene [`'tɔljui:n] 甲苯Distil [dis`til] 蒸馏Catalyst ['kætəlist] 催化剂Derivative [di`rivətiv] 衍生物,Nitro ['nitrəu] 硝基Phenyl [``fi:nil] 苯基Ortho [`ɔ'θəu] 邻位Meta 间位Para [`pα:rə] 对位Nitration [nai`treiʃən] 硝化(作用) Sulfonation [,sʌlfə`neiʃən] 磺化(作用Alkylation [,ælki`leiʃ(ə)n] 烷化,烃化Acylation [`æsə,leiʃən] 酰化Halogenation [hælədʒə`neiʃən] 卤化Nitric acid [`naitrik] [`æsid] 硝酸Sulfuric acid [sʌl'fjuərik][`æsid] 硫磺酸Carboxylic acid [kɑ:`bɔksilik] [`æsid] 羧酸Hydroxyl group [hai'drɔksil] [ɡru:p] 羟基Dominant [`dɔminənt] 占优势的Hinder [`hində] 阻碍; 妨碍Synthetic [sin'θetic] 化学合成的Synthesis [`si nθisis]合成Precursor [pri`kə:sə] 前体Bromo [`brəumə】溴代Chloro [`klɔ:rəu] 氯代Fluoro [flu(:)ə`rɔ] 氟代第六章Glove [ɡlʌv] 手套Handedness[`hændidnis] 手性Enantiomer [i`næntiəumə] 对映异构体, Chirality ['tʃirəliti] 手征,手性Achiral [`ætʃirəl] 非手性的Flasks [flɑ:sk] 瓶Optical rotation [`ɔp tikəl] [rəu`teiʃn] 旋光度Dextrorotatory [`dekstrəu`rəutətəri] 右旋性的Levorotatory [li:vəu`rəutə,təri] 左旋的Vapor[`veipə] 蒸汽Magnitude [`mæɡnitju:d] 巨大Diastereomer [,daiə`s'iəriəumə] 非对映异构体Meso compound [`mezo] [`kɔmpaund] 内消旋化合物第七章acetylide [,æsiti'laid] 乙炔化物Alkyl halide [`æ'kil] [`h æ laid] 烷基卤; 卤代烷Halogen [`h æ lədʒən] 卤素Bromine [`brəumi:n] 溴Chlorine [`klɔ:ri:n] 氯气Organometallic [,ɔ:ɡənəumi`t æ lik] 有机金属Leaving group [`li:viŋ] [ɡru:p] 离去基团Benzyl [`benzil] 苄基, 苯甲基Aqueous ['eikwiəs] 水成的Stereoselective [`s'iəriəuzi`l'ktiv] 立体选择性Vinyl [`vainil] 乙烯基Aryl [`æril] 芳基Proton [`prəutɔn] 质子Racemic [rə`si:mik] 消旋的Concerted [kən`sə:tid] 互相配合的,Versus [`və:səs] 对第八章Mass spectrometry [mæs] [spek`trɔmitri] 质谱测量,质谱分析Infrared spectroscopy (ISP) [`i'frə`red] [spek`trɔskəpi] 红外光谱学;红外线分光镜Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy(NNR)[`nju:kliə] [mæɡ`netik] [`rezənəns] [spek`trɔskəpi] 核磁共振(光谱)分析Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy[,ʌltrə'vaiəlit][`vizəbl] [spek`trɔskəpi] 紫外与可见光谱术Electromagnetic [i,lektrəumæɡ`netik] 电磁的Spectrum [`spektrəm] 波谱,Radian [`reidjən] 弧度Frequency ['fri:kwənsi] 频率Wavelength [`we ivleŋθ]波长Vibration [vai`breiʃən] 震动Stretching [`stretʃiŋ]拉伸,伸长Spin [spin] 自旋Shield [ʃi:ld] 屏蔽Nuclei [`nju:kliai] 核心,原子核Chemical shift [`kemikəl] [ʃi ft] 化学位移Downfield [`daun`fi:ld] 低场Calibrate [`k'libreit] 校准Tetramethylsilane [`tetrə] [`meθil,`mi:θail] [`silein] 四甲基硅烷Integration [,ɪnti`ɡreiʃn] 集成; 整合Multiplet [`mΛltiplet] 多重峰Laboratory [lə`bɔrətəri] 实验室第九章第十章Phenol ['fi:nəl] 苯酚,石碳酸Ether ['i:θə] 醚Tetrahydrofuran [,tetrə,haidrə,fjuərən] 四氢味喃Corrosive [kə'rəusiv] 腐蚀性的Anti-inflammatory [,æntiinflə'meitəri] 抗炎的(药) Analgesic [,ænæl'dʒesik] 止痛剂Elevating ['eliveitiŋ] 升高的Protonated ['prəutə,neit] 质子化Oxonium [ɔk'səunjəm] 氧Logarithmic[,lɔɡə'riθmik] 对数标度Dilute [dai'lju:t] 稀释, 冲淡Extraction [ik'strækʃən] 萃取Isolated ['aisəleit] 分离出来的Hydration [hai'dreiʃən] 水合Moisture ['mɔistʃə] 湿气，水分Harsh [hɑ:ʃ] 剧烈的Aldehyde ['ældihaid] 醛Tosylate 甲苯磺酸盐; 甲苯磺酸酯Quinon [kwinon] 醌Redox ['redɔks]氧化还原第十一章Ketone ['ki:təun] 酮Metabolism [mə'tæbəlizəm] 新陈代谢Biosynthesis ['baiəu'sinθisis] 生物合成Monomer ['mɔnəmə] 单体Adhesive [əd'hi:siv] 黏合剂Agrichemical ['æɡri'kemikəl] 农业化学Pharmaceutical ['fɑ:mə'sju:tikəl] 药品Cyanide ['saiənaid] 氰化物Ketals ['ki:tæl] 缩酮Hemiacetal [,hemi'æsitæl] 半缩醛Imine ['imi:n ] 亚胺第十二，十三章Carboxylic acid [,kɑ:bɔk'silik] ['æsid]羧酸Derivative [di'rivətiv] 衍生物Ester ['estə] 酯Amide ['æmaid] 氨化物Acid chloride ['æsid] ['klɔ:raid] 酰基氯,氯化酰基,酸性氯化物Anhydride [æn'haidraid] 酐Nitrile ['naitrail] 腈Synergistic（['sinədʒistik] 协作的Decompose ['di:kəm'pəuz] 分解Thionyl ['θaiənil] 亚硫酰Esterification [es'terifi'keiʃən] 酯化作用第十五章Amine ['æmi:n]胺Quaternary ammonium salt 季铵盐Pyridine[,pirə'dainə] 吡啶Versatile ['və:sətail] 通用的Zinc [ziŋk]锌Tin [tin]锡。
（完整版）化学专业英语常用词汇
（完整版）化学专业英语常用词汇☆常用： ppm: parts per millionppb: parts per billion pH: potential of hydrogen1. 化合物的命名：规则：金属(或某些非金属)元素+阴离子名称(1)MgCl2 magnesium [m?ɡ’ni:zj ?m] chloride (2)NaNO2sodium nitrite [‘naitrait](3)KNO3 potassium[p ?’t?si ?m] nitrate [‘naitreit] (4)硝酸nitric acid(5)NaHCO3 sodium hydrogen carbonate练习：FeBr2 ? (NH4)2SO4 ? NH4H2PO4KMnO4亚硫酸sulfurous acidH2SNO2 有机物命名Hydrocarbon{Aliphatic hydrocarbon; Aromatic Hydrocarbon}Aliphatic hydrocarbon (脂肪烃){Alkane (烷); Alkene(烯); Alkyne(炔)}Alcohol 醇Aldehyde 醛Ketone [‘ki:t?un] 酮Carboxylic acid 羧酸Aromatic hydrocarbon(芳香烃){benzene (苯) hydroxybenzene(酚) quinone(醌)无机物中关于数字的写法mono-, di-, tri-, tetra-, penta- hexa-, hepta-, octa-, nona-, deca-一，二，三，四，五，六，七，八，九，十有机物中关于数字的写法meth-, eth-, prop-, but-, pent-, hex-,甲乙丙丁戊已hept-, oct-, non-, dec-, cyclo-, poly-庚辛壬葵环聚练习甲烷乙炔丙酮丁醇戊烷己烯庚醛辛烷2-甲基壬酸 3,5-二乙基癸醇Lithium [‘liθi?m] n.锂Beryllium [b?’rilj?m] n.铍(Be)Sodium [‘s?udi?m] n.钠Potassium [p?’t?si?m] 钾Rubidium [ru:’bidi?m] 铷Caesium [‘si:zi?m] 铯Nucleus[‘nju:kli s] 原子核，是nuclear的复数Halogen[‘h?l?d??n] 卤素general chemistry 普通化学positive[‘p?z?tiv] ion 阳离子orbital electron 轨道电子effective nuclear charge 有效核电荷atomic radius 原子半径，raddi的复数ionic radius 离子半径negative ion 阴离子electron cloud 电子云Van der Waals non-bounded radius单质分子晶体中相邻分子间两个非键合原子核间距离的一半称为范德华半径metallic [mi’t?lik] character[‘k?rikt?] 金属特性electropositive [I’lektr?u’p?z?tiv] a.带正电的Ionization [‘ai?nai’zei??n] energy 电离能carbon 碳germanium[d??:’meini?m] 锗tin [tin] 锡 lead [led] 铅sodium[‘s?udi?m] 钠magnesium[m?ɡ’ni:zj?m] 镁silicon [‘silik?n] 硅chlorine [’kl?:ri:n] 氯nonmetallic [‘n?nmi’t?lik]adj.n.非金属的，非金属Electronegativity 电负性Metallic oxide 金属氧化物Metallic hydroxide [hai’dr?ksaid] 金属氢氧化物Hydroxyl [hai‘dr?ksil] ions 氢氧根离子insoluble[in’s?ljubl] 不溶解的Ionic [ai‘?nik] adj. 离子的Transition element 过渡元素Basicity [b?’sisiti] n. 碱性，碱度Oxyacid [,?ksi’?sid] 含氧酸Carbonate [‘kɑ:b?neit] 碳酸盐Nitrate [‘naitreit] 硝酸盐Sulphate [‘s?lfeit] 硫酸盐 = sulfateAmphoteric [,?mf?’terik] adj.两性的Acid [‘?sid] n. adj.alkali [‘?lk?lai] n.adj.Hydration [hai’drei??n] 水合作用Hydrolyze [‘haidr?laiz] vi. 水解Oxysalt [‘?ksis?:lt] 含氧酸盐Complex 络合物，复合物句子理解1) Metals are electropositive and have a tendency to loss electrons, if suppliedwith energy: M M+ + e. 金属是电正性的，如果供给能量，有失去电子的趋势。
有机化学专业英语
烷基Alkyl [ˈælkil]芳基aryl [ˈæril]甲基methyl [ˈmeθil]亚甲基methylene[ˈmeθili:n]乙基ethyl [ˈeθil,ˈeθəl]丙基propyl [ˈprəupil]异丙基isopropyl [ˌaisəuˈprəupil]丁基butyl [ˈbju:til]戊基pentyl [ˈpentil]己基hexyl [ˈheksil]庚基heptyl [ˈheptil]辛基octyl [ˈɔktəl]壬基nonyl [ˈnɔnil]奎基decyl ['desəl][di:'s i l]叔丁基tert-butyl异丁基iso-butyl环戊基cyclopentyl []环己基cyclohexyl []甲氧基methoxyl ['metɒksɪl]乙氧基ethoxyl [eˈθɔksil]丁氧基butoxyl酰基acyl[ˈæsil]甲酰基formyl [ˈfɔ:mil]乙酰基acetyl [ˈæsitil]乙烯基vinyl [ˈvaɪnəl]或ethenyl丁烯基butenyl [ˈbjutənil]己烯基hexenyl庚烯基heptenyl [ˈheptəˌnil]烯丙基allyl [ˈælil]乙炔基ethinyl [eˈθainil] 或alkynyl硝基nitro [ˈnaitrəu]亚硝基nitroso [naiˈtrəusəu]氨基amino [əˈmi:nəʊ, ˈæməˌnəʊ]二氨基diamino亚氨基imino [ˈiminəu,iˈmi:nəu]重氮基diazo [daiˈæzəu]苯基phenyl [ˈfenəl,ˈfi:nəl,ˈfi:nil]苄基benzyl [ˈbenzil]或phenmethyl [ˌfinˈmeθil]苯乙基phenethyl [fenˈeθəl]乙氧苯基ethoxyphenyl苯胺基anilino [ˈænili:n]1羰基carbonyl [ˈkɑ:bənil]羧基carboxyl [kɑ:ˈbɔksil]联苯基biphenyl [baiˈfenl]甲酰基formyl [ˈfɔ:mil]苯酰，苯甲酰benzoyl ['benzəʊɪl]脒基guanyl [il]羟基hydroxyl [haiˈdrɔksil]烷氧基alkoxy [ælˈkɔksi]或alkoxyl group 芳基aryl group二芳基diaryl group [daiˈæril]吡啶基pyridyl[ˈpiridil]三苯甲基trityl['traɪtl]二苯甲基benzhydryl [benaɪd'raɪl]氨基甲酰基carbamoyl[kɑ:'bæməɪl]三甲基硅基trimethylsilyl炔丙基propargyl [prəʊ'pɑ:dʒɪl]丙酮基（乙酰甲基）acetonyl['æsɪtənɪl]正n，normal异iso邻位ortho-[ˈɔ:θəu]间位meta-['mɛtə]对位para-[ˈpɑ:rə]伯Primary ['praimәri]仲Secondary ['sekәndәri]叔Tertiary ['tә:ʃәri] tert-季碳quaternary [kwəˈtə:nəri] carbon一，单mono-二di-，双bis ，bi（化学中只有碳酸氢根才用bi，如bicarbonate [baiˈkɑ:bənit]）三tri-，tris四tetra-四quadric-五penta-五quinque-六hexa-七hepta-七septi八octa-九nona-十deca-['dɛkə]十一undeca ，hendeca-十二dodeca-十三trideca-十四tetradeca十五pentadeca-十六hexadeca-2十七heptadeca-顺式，cis-同，共syn反式trans有机化合物类名Aliphatic compound 脂肪族化合物[]Hydrocarbon 碳氢化合物[ˌhaɪdrəˈk ɑ:bən] Alkane 烷[]Wax 蜡[]Paraffin wax 石蜡arene 芳烃[]Alkene 烯[]Alkyne 炔[ˈælkain]Acetylide 炔化物[] Active hydrogen compounds 活泼氢化合物acid [ˈæsid]Carbon acid 碳氢酸Super acid 超酸Diene 双烯[ˈdaii:n]Triene 三烯[ˈtraii:n]Allene 丙二烯[ˈæli:n]Propylene丙烯[] cumulene 累积多烯[] Enyne 烯炔[eˈni:n]Diyne 二炔Alkyl halide 卤代烷[ˈælkil ˈhælaid]Alcohol 醇[]Homoallylic alcohol 高烯丙醇Ether 醚[ˈi:θə]Ester 酯[ˈestə]Ketone 酮Aldehyde 醛[ˈældihaid]Epoxide 环氧化物[eˈpɔksaid]Sulfone 砜[ˈsʌlf əun]Sulfoxide 亚砜Sulfonic acid 磺酸Carboxylic acid 羧酸Cellosolve 溶纤剂Crown ether 冠醚Nitro compound 硝基化合物Amine 胺[] Quaternaryammonium compound 季铵化合物[] []Amine oxide 氧化胺Diazoalkane 重氮烷[daɪ,æzəʊ'ælkeɪn] Mercaptan 硫醇[] Aldehyde hydrate 醛水合物Ketone hydrate 酮水合物Hemiacetal 半缩醛[ˌhemiˈæsitæl]3Acetal 缩醛acetal [化]乙缩醛, 乙缩醛二乙醇[ˈæsitæl] Ketal 缩酮[ˈki:tæl]thiazole噻唑[ˈθaiəˌzəul]Dithiane 二噻烷[daiˈθaiən]Aminal 缩醛胺;动物imine 亚胺[]Aldimine 醛亚胺Oxime 肟[]nitroso compound 亚硝基化合物aldoxime 醛肟，乙醛肟[ælˈdɔksi:m] Hydrazone 腙[ˈhaidrəˌzəun]Azine 嗪[ˈæzi:n]Semicarbazone 缩氯基脲Cyanohydrin 羟腈,氰醇[ˌsaiənəuˈhaidrin] Pinacol 频哪醇Enol 烯醇[ˈi:nɔl]Enol ether 烯醇醚Enol ester 烯醇酯[ˈi:nɔl][ˈestə] Enamine 烯胺[iˈnæmin]Ynamine 炔胺Mannich base 曼尼希碱orthoester 原酸酯Acyl halide 酰卤[ˈæsil]Acyl fluoride 酰氟[]Acyl chloride 酰氯Acyl bromide 酰溴Acyl iodide 酰碘[ˈaiədaid]Carbobenzoxy chloride 苄氧甲酰氯Acyl tosylate 酰基对甲苯磺酸酐Ketene 乙烯酮[ˈki:ti:n]Peracid 过酸Perester 过酸酯Acyl peroxide 酰基过氧化物Nitrile 腈[ˈnaitrail]acetonitrile 乙腈[ˌæsitəuˈnaitril]或methyl cyanide [ˈsaɪəˌnaɪd]Nitrile oxide 氧化腈Isonitrile 异腈，异氰化物Amide 酰胺[ˈæmaid]Imide 二酰亚胺[ˈimaid]N-bromo compound N-溴化物Hydrazide 酰肼[]Azide 叠氮化物[ˈæzaid,ˈeizid]Acyl azide 酰基叠氮[ˈæsil][ˈæzaid,ˈeizid] Amidine 脒[ˈæmiˌdi:n]Keto ester 酮酸酯Acyl cyanide 酰腈[ˈæsil][ˈsaɪəˌnaɪd] Carbon suboxide 二氧化三碳Glycidic acid 环氧丙酸Carbammic acid 氨基甲酸Carbamate 氨基甲酸酯[ˈkɑ:bəmeit]Urea 脲，尿素[] Cyanamide 氨腈[saiˈænəmaid] Carbodiimide 碳二亚胺[,kɑ:bədai'imaid] Allophanate 脲基甲酸酯Thioester 硫代酸酯[ˌθaiəuˈestə]Thiol acid 硫羰酸[ˈθaiəu]Lactone 内酯[ˈlæktəun]Lactol 内半缩醛[ˈlæktəl]4Macrolide 大环内酯[ˈmækrəlaid] Amino acid 氨基酸Zwitterion两性离子[ˈtsvitəraiən]Inner salt 内盐Betaine 甜菜碱[ˈbi:təi:n]Lactam 内酰胺[ˈlæktæm]Hydantoin 或glycolylurea 乙内酰脲[haiˈdæntəwin]Hydration水合，水合作用[haɪ'dreʃən] Peptide 肽[ˈpepˌtaɪd]Glycol 乙二醇[]Aldol 羟醛[ˈældəul]Acyloin 偶姻，酮醇[əˈsiləuin]acyloin condensation 酮醇缩合Carbohydrate 碳水化合物Aldose 醛糖[ˈældəus]Ketose 酮糖[ˈki:təus]Furanose 呋喃糖[ˈfjuərəˌnəus] Pyranose 吡喃糖[ˈpaiərənəus] Glycoside 糖苷[ˈɡlaikəˌsaid]Glucoside 葡[萄]糖苷Aglycon 苷元[əˈɡlaikɔn]Saccharide 糖类[ˈsækəraid] Oligosaccharide 寡糖[ˌɔliɡəuˈsækəraid] Polysaccharide 多糖[pɔliˈsækəraid] Alditol 糖醇[ˈælditɔl]Osazone 脎[ˈəusəˌzəun]Alicyclic compound 脂环化合物[æliˈsiklik] Cycloalkane 环烷Cycloalkene 环烯Spirane 螺烷[ˈspaiərein]Cage compound 笼型化合物Propellane 螺桨烷Rotazane 轮烷Catenane 索烃[ˈkætnein]Fused ring 稠环[fju:zd riŋ]化学专业英语词汇常用前后缀-acetal 醛缩醇acetal- 乙酰acid 酸-al 醛alcohol 醇-aldehyde 醛alkali- 碱allyl 丙烯基 'alkoxy- 烷氧基Methoxy甲氧基的-amide 酰胺 []amino- 氨基的[əˈmi:nəʊ, ˈæməˌnəʊ]-amidine 脒[ˈæmiˌdi:n]-amine 胺-ane 烷anhydride 酐[ænˈhaidraid]anilino- 苯胺基[ˈænili:n]aquo- 含水aqueous水的，水成的[ˈeikwiəs] -ase 酶-ate 含氧酸的盐、酯-atriyne 三炔azo- 偶氮[ˈæzəu]azoxy-氧化偶氮-N=N(O)-hydrazo-氢化偶氮-NH-NH-5benzene 苯[ˈbenˌzi:n, benˈzi:n] bi- 在盐类前表示酸式盐bis- 双-borane 硼烷[ˈbəurein]bromo- 溴butyl 丁基 .-carbinol 甲醇carbonyl 羰基-caboxylic acid 羧酸centi- 10-2chloro- 氯代cis- 顺式condensed 缩合的、冷凝的cyclo- 环deca- 十deci 10-1di二-dine 啶dodeca- 十二-ene 烯epi- 表epoxy- 环氧 []-ester 酯-ether 醚ethoxy- 乙氧基[] ethyl 乙基fluoro-或fluor- 氟代-form 仿-glycol 二醇hemi- 半hendeca- 十一hepta- 七heptadeca- 十七hexa- 六hexadeca- 十六-hydrin 醇hydro- 氢或水hydroxyl 羟基hypo- 低级的，次-ic 酸的，高价金属-ide 无氧酸的盐，酰替胺，酐-il 偶酰-imine 亚胺 /iodine 碘[]iodo- 碘代iso- 异，等，同-ite 亚酸盐keto- 酮ketone 酮-lactone 内酯mega- 106meta- 间，偏methoxy- 甲氧基methyl 甲基micro- 10-6milli- 10-3mono- ( mon-) 一，单nano- 10-9nitro- 硝基nitroso- 亚硝基nona- 九nonadeca- 十九octa- 八octadeca- 十八6-oic 酸的-ol 醇9 a$ f! Q, H: [5 n& G-one 酮ortho- 邻，正，原-ous 亚酸的，低价金属oxa- 氧杂-oxide 氧化合物-oxime 肟 []oxo- 酮 []oxy- 氧化 []-oyl 酰para- 对位，仲penta- 五pentadeca- 十五per- 高，过petro- 石油phenol 苯酚[ˈfi:nəl]phenyl 苯基 []pico- 10-12poly- 聚，多quadri- 四quinque- 五semi- 半septi- 七sesqui 一个半sulfa- 磺胺 []sym- 对称syn- 顺式，同，共ter- 三 -tetra- 四tetradeca- 十四tetrakis- 四个thio- 硫代[]trans- 反式，超，跨tri- 三trans- 反式，超，跨tri- 三trideca- 十三tris- 三个undeca- 十一 .Alkylation 烷基化C- alkylation C-烷基化O- alkylation O-烷基化N-alkylation N-烷基化Silylation 硅烷[基]化Exhaustive methylation 彻底甲基化Seco alkylation 断裂烷基化Demethylation 脱甲基化Ethylation 乙基化Arylation 芳基化Acylation 酰化Formylation 甲酰化Carbalkoxylation 烷氧羰基化Carboamidation 氨羰基化Carboxylation 羧基化Amination 氨基化Bisamination 双氨基化Cine substitution 移位取代Transamination 氨基交换Hydroxylation 羟基化acyloxyation 酰氧基化7Decarboxylative nitration 脱羧卤化Allylic halogenation 烯丙型卤化Dehalogenation 脱卤Nitration 硝化Decarboxylative nitration 脱羧硝化Nitrosation 亚硝化Sulfonation 磺化Chlorosulfonation 氯磺酰化Desulfonation 脱磺酸基Sulfenylation 亚磺酰化Sulfonylation 磺酰化Chlorosulfenation 氯亚磺酰化Chlorocarbonylation 氯羰基化Diazotization 重氮化[daiˌæzətaiˈzeiʃən] Diazo transfer 重氮基转移Coupling reaction 偶联反应uni- 单，一unsym- 不对称的，偏位-yl 基-ylene 撑(二价基，价在不同原子上)-yne 炔Diazonium coupling 重氮偶联[ˌdaiəˈzəuniəm]Cross-coupling reaction 交叉偶联反应1,4-addition 1，4-加成C-C Pi-bond C-C π键Conjugate addition 共轭加成[ˈkɔndʒəˌgeɪt] Dimerization 二聚Trimefization 三聚Additive dimerization 加成二聚Sulfurize 使硫化[]sulfurization 硫化Selenylation 硒化Hydroboration 硼氢化[ˈhaidrəuˌbɔ:ˈreiʃən] Oxyamination 羟氨基化Insertion 插入carbonylation 羧基化Hydroformylation 加氢甲酰基化Hydroacylation 加氢酰化Oxo process 羰基合成Decarbonylation 脱羰[di:ˌkɑ:bənəˈleiʃən] Hydrocarboxylation 氢羧基化Homologization 同系化Cyanoethylation 氰乙基化Decyanoethylation 脱氰乙基Ring closure 环合，闭环Diene synthesis 双烯合成Dienophile 亲双烯体Endo addition 内型加成Exo addition 外型加成Diels-Alder reaction 第尔斯-尔德反应Retro Diels-Alder reaction 逆第尔斯-阿尔德反应Ene synthesis 单烯合成Anionic cycloaddition 负离子环加成Dipolar addition 偶极加成Dehydrohalogenation 脱卤化氢Deamination 脱氨基Pyrolytic elimination 热解消除Elimination-addition 消除-加成Decarboxylation 脱羧Decarboxamidation 脱酰胺8Decyanation 脱氰基Alkylolysis,alkyl cleavage 烷基裂解Acylolysis,acyl cleavage 酰基裂解Flash pyrolysis 闪热裂Fragmentation 碎裂Chiletropic reaction 螯键反应Chelation 螯环化Esterification 酯化Transesterification 酯交换Saponification 皂化Alcoholysis 醇解Ethanolysis 乙醇解Cyanomethylation 氰甲基化Aminomethylation 氨甲基化Hydroxymethylation 羟甲基化Hydroxyalkylation 羟烷基化Cholromethylation 氯甲基化Haloalkylation 卤烷基化Transacetalation 缩醛交换Enolization 烯醇化Haloform reaction 卤仿反应Condensation 缩合Aldol condensation 羟醛缩合Cross aldol condensation 交叉羟醛缩合Retrograde aldol condensation 逆羟醛缩合Acyloin condensation 偶姻缩合Cyclization 环化Annulation,annelation 增环反应Spiroannulation 螺增环Autoxidation 自氧化Allylic hydroperoxylation 烯丙型氢过氧化Epoxidation 环氧化Oxonolysis 臭氧解Electrochemical oxidation 电化学氧化Oxidative decarboxylation 氧化脱羧Aromatization 芳构化Catalytic hydrogenation 催化氢化Heterogeneous hydrogenation 多相氢化Homogeneous hydrogenation 均相氢化Catalytic dehydrogenation 催化脱氢Transfer hydrogenation 转移氢化Hydrogenolysis 氢解Dissolving metal reduction 溶解金属还原Single electron transfer 单电子转移Bimolecular reduction 双分子还原Electrochemical reduction 电化学还原Reductive alkylation 还原烷基化Reductive acylation 还原酰化Reductive dimerization 还原二聚Deoxygenation 脱氧Desulfurization 脱硫Deselenization 脱硒Mitallation 金属化Lithiation 锂化Hydrometallation 氢金属化Mercuration 汞化Oxymercuration 羟汞化Aminomercuration 氨汞化Abstraction 夺取[反应]Internal abstraction 内夺取[反应] Rearrangement 重排Prototropic rearrangement 质了转移重排Double bond migration 双键移位Allylic migration 烯丙型重排Allylic migration 烯丙型迁移Ring contraction 环缩小[反应]Ring expansion,ring enlargement 扩环[反应] -ketol rearrangement -酮醇重排Pinacol rearrangement 频哪醇重排Retropinacol rearrangement 逆频哪醇重排Semipinacol rearrangement 半频哪醇重排Benzilic rearrangement 二苯乙醇酸重排Acyl rearrangement 酰基重排Migratory aptitude 迁移倾向Transannular insertion 跨环插入Transannular rearrangement 跨环重排Migration 迁移Prototropy 质子转移Cationotropic rearrangement 正离子转移重排Anionotropy 负离子转移Anionotropic rearrangement 负离子转移重Sigmatropic rearrangement -迁移重排Homosigmatropic rearrangement 同迁移重排Electrophilic rearrangement 亲电重排Photosensitization 光敏化Forbidden transition 禁阻跃迁photooxidation 光氧化Photoisomerization 光异构化Photochemical rearrangement 光化学重排Angular methyl group 角甲基Alkylidene group 亚烷基[ælˈkiləˌdi:n]Methylene 亚甲基[ˈmeθili:n]Allyl group 烯丙基Allylic 烯丙型[的] [ˈæləˌlik]Phenyl group 苯基[ˈfenəl,ˈfi:nəl,ˈfi:nil]Aryl group 芳基Benzyl group 苄基Benzylic 苄型[的]Activating group 活化基团Chromophore 生色团[ˈkrəuməfɔ:] Auxochrome 助色团[ˈɔ:ksəkrəum] Magnetically anisotropic group 磁各向异性基团[əˌnaisəuˈtrɔpik]Smally ring 小环Common ring 普通环Medium ring 中环[ˈmi:djəm]Large ring 大环Bridged-ring system 桥环体系Spiro compound 螺环化合物Helical molecule 螺旋型分子Octahedral compound 八面体化合物Conjugation 共轭[]Conjugated-system 共轭体系Acyl cation 酰[基]正离子Benzylic cation 苄[基]正离子[ˈkætaiən] Arenium ion 芳[基]正离子或aryl cation Ketyl radical 羰自由基Radical ion 自由基离子[ˈaiən]Radical cation 自由基正离子Radical anion 自由基负离子[ˈænaiən] Isomerism 异构[现象]Acid form 酸式Fluxional structure 循变结构Stereochemistry 立体化学Optical activity 光学活性，旋光性Dextro isomer 右旋异构体[]Laevo isomer 左旋异构体[] Tetrahedral configuration 四面体构型Stereoisomerism 立体异构[现象] Asymmetric atom 不对称原子Asymmetric carbon 不对称碳Pseudoasymmetric carbon 假不对称碳10Phantom atom 虚拟原子[]Homotopic 等位[的]Heterotopic 异位[的]Enantiotopic 对映[异构体]的Diastereotopic 非对映异构体[的] [ˌdaiəstiəri əˈtɔpik]Configuration 构型[kənˌfiɡjuˈreiʃən] Absolute configuration 绝对构型Chirality 手性Chiral 手性[的] [英] [ˈtʃirəl][美] [ˈkaɪrəl] Chiral center 手性中心Chiral molecule 手性分子Achiral 非手性[的] [ei'kairəl]Fischer projection 费歇尔投影式Neoman projection 纽曼投影式D-L system of nomenclature D-L命名体系R-S syytem of nomenclature R-S命名体系Cahn-Ingold-Prelon sequence 顺序规则Symmetry factor 对称因素Plane of symmetry 对称面Mirror symmetry 镜面对称Enantiomer 对映[异构]体[]Diastereomer 非对映[异构]体[]Epimer 差向异构体[] Anomer 端基[差向]异构体Erythro configuration 赤型构型Erythro isomer 赤型异构体Threo configuration 苏型构型Threo isomer 苏型异构体Trigonal carbon 三角型碳Cis-trans isomerism 顺反异构E isomer E异构体Z isomer Z异构体Endo isomer 内型异构体Exo isomer 外型异构体Prochirality 前手性Pro-R group 前R基团Pro-S proup 前S基团Re face Re 面Si face Si 面Racemic mixture 外消旋混合物[]Racemic compound 外消旋化合物Racemic solid solution 外消旋固体溶液Meso compound 内消旋化合物Quasi recemate 准外消旋体[ˈkwɑ:zi(:),ˈkweis ai]Conformation 构象Conformational 构象的Torsion angle 扭转角Rotamer 旋转异构体Anti conformation 反式构象Bisecting conformation 等分构象Anti periplanar conformation 反叠构象Synperiplanar conformation 顺叠构象Synclinal conformation 反错构象Synclinal conformation 顺错构象Eclipsed conformation 重叠构象Gauche conformation, skew con-formation 邻位交叉构象Staggered conformation 对位交叉构象11Steric effect 空间效应[ˈstiərik,ˈsterik] Steric hindrance 位阻Atropismer 阻转异构体Puckered ring 折叠环Conformational inversion 构象反转Chair conformation 椅型构象Boat conformation 船型构象Twist conformation 扭型构象Skew boat conformation 扭船型构象Half-chair conformation 半椅型构象Pseudorotation 假旋转Envelope conformation 信封[型]构象Axial bond 直[立]键[ˈæksi:əl] Equatorial bond 平[伏]键[ˌi:kwəˈtɔ:ri:əl, -ˈtəʊr-, ˌekwə-] Cisoid conformation 顺向构象Transoid conformation 反向构象Retention of configuration 构型保持Regioselectivity 区域选择性Regiospecificity 区域专一性Stereocelectivity 立体选择性Stereospecificty 立体专一性Conformer 构象异构体Conformational effect 构象效应Cram’s rube 克拉姆规则Prelog’rule普雷洛格规则Stereochemical orientation 立体[化学]取向Conformational transmission 构象传递Homolog 同系物Ipso position 本位Ortho position 邻位Meta position 间位Para position 对位Amphi position 远位Peri position 近位Trigonal hybridization 三角杂化Molecular orbiral method 分子轨道法Valence bond method 价键法Delocalezed bond 离域键Cross conjugation 交叉共轭Vinylog 插烯物Mesomeric effect 中介效应Resonance 共振[ˈrezənəns]Resonance effect 共振效应Hyperconjugation 超共轭Isovalent hyperconjugation 等价超共轭No-bond resonance 无键共振Aromaticity 芳香性Aromatic sexter 芳香六隅Huckel’rule休克尔规则Paramagnetic ring current 顺磁环电流Diamagnetic ring cruuent 抗磁环电流Homoaromaticity 同芳香性Antiaromaticity 反芳香性Alternant hydrocarbon 交替烃Non-alternant hydrocarbon 非交替烷Pericyclic reaction 周环反应Electrocyclic rearrangement 电环[化]重排Conrotatory 顺旋Disroatatory 对旋Cycloaddition 环加成Symmetry forbidden-reaction 对称禁阻反应Synfacial reaction 同面反应Antarafacial reaction 异面反应Mobius system 默比乌斯体系Leois structure 路易斯结构Coordinate-covalent bond 配位共价键Banana bond 香蕉键Pauling electronegativity scale 鲍林电负性标度Polarizability 可极化性Inductive effect 诱导效应Field effect 场效应Electrical effect 电场效应tautomerism 互变异构Tautomerization 互变异构化Keto-enol tautomerism 酮-烯醇互变异构Phenol-keto tautomerism 酚-酮互变异构Imine-enamine atutomerism 亚胺-烯胺互变异构Ring-chain tautomerism 环-链互变异构Valence tautomerism 价互变异构Ambident 两可[的]Solvent effect 溶剂效应Acid-base catalyxed reaction 酸性溶剂Basic solvent 碱性溶剂Dielectric constant 介电常数Solvated electron 溶剂化电子Acid-base catalyzed reaction 酸碱催化反应Conjugate base 共轭酸Conjugate base 共轭碱Therm odynamic acidity 热力学酸度Kinetic acidity 动力学酸度Electron donof-acceptor complex,EDAcomplex 电子给[体]受体络合物Host 主体Guest 客体Primary isotope effect 一级同位素效应Secondary isotope effect 二级同位数效应Inverse isotope effect 逆同位素效应Kinetic control 动力学控制Thermodynamic control 热力学控制Substrate 底物Intermediate 中间体Reactive intermediate 活泼中间体Microscopic reversibility 微观可逆性Hammond postulate 哈蒙德假说Linear free energy 线性自由能Non-bonded interaction 非键相互作用Torsional effect 扭转效应Pitzer strain 皮策张力Restricted rotation 阻碍旋转Eclipsing effect 重叠效应Eclipsing strain 重叠张力Small-angle strain 小角张力Large angle strain 大角张力Transannular interaction 跨环相互作用Transannular strain 跨环张力I strain 内张力F strain 前张力B strain 后张力Anomeric effect 端基异构效应Walden inversion 瓦尔登反转Racemization 外消旋化Isoinversion 等反转Isoracemization 等消旋Homochiral 纯手性[的]Mechanism 机理Unimolecular nucleophilic 单分子亲核取代Bimolecular nucleophilic sub-stitution 双分子亲核取代Bimolecular nucleophilic substi-tution(with allyl ic rearrange-ment) 双分子亲核取代（含烯丙型重排）Internal nucleophilic substiru-tion 分子内亲核取代Aromatic nucleophilic substitu-tion 芳香亲核取代Unimolecular electrophilic sub-stitution 单分子亲电取代Bimolecular electrophilic substi-tution 双分子亲电取代Nucleophile-assisted unimolecu-lar electrophilic substitution 亲核体协助单分子亲电取代Unimolecular elimination 单分子消除Bimolecular elimination 双分子消除Unimolecular elimination through the conjugate base 单分子共轭碱消除Bimolecular elimination through the conjugate b ase 双分子共轭碱消除Bimolecular elimination with for-mation of a car bonyl group 双分子羰基形成消除Unimolecular acid-catalyzed acyl-oxygen cleava ge 单分子酸催化酰氧断裂Bimolecular base-catalyzed acyl-oxygen cleavag e 双分子碱催化酰氧断裂Unimolecular acid-catalyzed alkyl-oxygen cleav age 单分子酸催化烷氧断裂Bimllecular base-catalyzed alkyl-oxygen cleavag e 双分子碱催化烷氧断裂π-allyl complex mechanism π烯丙型络合机理Borderline mechanism 边理机理Homolysis 均裂Heterolysis 异裂Heterolytic michanism 异裂机理Counrer[gegen]ion 反荷离子Ion pair 离子对Carbocation 碳正离子[ˌkɑ:bəˈkeiʃən] Nonclassical carbocation 非经典碳正离子Carbanion 碳负离子[ˈkɑ:bənaiən]Masked carbanion 掩蔽碳负离子Carbenoid 卡宾体Carbene 卡宾[]Nitrene 氮宾[a] Carbine 碳炔[] Electrophilic addition 亲电加成Electrophile 亲电体Diaxial addition 双直键加成Markovnikov’s rube 马尔科夫尼科规则Anti-Markovnikov addition 反马氏加成Michael addition 迈克尔加成Substitution 取代Electrophilic substitution 亲电取代Addition-elimination mechanism 加成消除机理[ˈmekənizəm]Electrophilic aromatic substitu-tion 亲电芳香取代Electron transfer 电子转移Electron-donating group 给电子基团Electron-Withdrawing group 吸电子基团Deactivating group 钝化基团Orinentation 取向Ortho-para directing group 邻对位定位基Meta directing group 间位定位基Ortho effect 邻位效应Partial rate factor 分速度系数Nucleophilic reaction 亲核反应Internal return 内返Nucleophilicity 亲核体Nucleophilicity 亲核性α-effect α-效应Backside attack 背面进攻Inversion 反转Umbrella effect 伞效应Push-pull effect 推拉效应Leaving group 离去基团Electrofuge 离电体Nucleofuge 离核体14Phase-transfer catalysis 相转移催化Neighboring group participation 邻基基参与Neighboring proup assistance,anchimeric assista nce 邻助作用Neighboring group effect 邻基效应Apofacial reaction 反面反应Briddgehead displacement 桥头取代Aryl action 芳正离子Benzyne 苯炔Zaitsev rule 札依采夫规则Anti-Zaitsev orientation 反札依采夫定向Hofmann’s rule 霍夫曼规则Bredt rule 布雷特规则Initiation 引发Anionic cleavage 负离子裂解Partial bond fixation 键[的]部分固定化exothermic发热的，放出热量的[ˌeksəuˈθə:mik]各种反应类型Halogenations reaction卤化反应Hydrogenation reaction氢化反应Alkylation reaction烷基化（烃化）反应Hydrocarbylation 烃基化反应Oxidation and reduction reaction氧化还原反Reductive amination还原胺化反应Cross-coupling reaction交叉耦合反应Cycloaddition reaction环加成反应Rearrangement reaction重排反应Acylation reaction酰化反应Acetylization reaction乙酰化反应Amide reaction酰胺反应Sulfonylation磺酰化反应Nitration reaction硝化反应Esterification酯化反应Anhydride reaction酸酐反应Oximation reaction肟化反应Coupled（或coupling）reaction偶联反应1,3-dipolar cycloaddition 1,3-偶极环加成Pericyclic reaction周环反应Hydrolysis reaction 水解反应Ester hydrolysis 酯水解反应Hydrolytic-polymeric reaction水解聚合反应Dehydrogenation reaction脱氢反应Dehydrohalogenation reaction 脱卤化氢反应Dehydration reaction脱水反应Decarboxylation reaction脱羧反应Addition reaction加成反应Substitution reaction取代反应Cracking reaction 裂化反应Elimination reaction消除反应And metal response reaction与活泼金属反应Phase transfer catalytic reaction相转移催化反应Acid-base catalyzed reaction酸碱催化反应Polymerization reaction聚合反应Polycondensation reaction缩聚反应Condensation reaction 缩合反应Silver mirror reaction银镜反应Nucleophilic reaction亲核反应Electrophilic reaction亲电反应Nucleophilic cycloaddition reaction亲核环加成反应Nucleophilic substitution亲核取代反应Electrophilic substitution亲电取代反应Unimolecular electrophilic substitution单分子亲电取代反应Bimolecular electrophilic substitution双分子亲电取代反应Unimolecular elimination reaction单分子消除反应Bimolecular elimination reaction双分子消除反应Unimolecular nucleophilic substitution单分子亲核取代Bimolecular nucleophilic substitution双分子亲核取代反应Internal nucleophilic substitution分子内亲核取代Aromatic nucleophilic substitution reaction芳香亲核取代反应活化剂的中英文名称Bis(2-ethylhexyl) sebacate （癸二酸二仲辛酯；癸二酸二2-乙基己酯）Zinc stearate （硬脂酸锌）Suberic acid （辛二酸）Adipic acid, （己二酸）Hexanedioic acid, （己二酸）Sebacic acid, dibutyl ester （癸二酸二丁酯）Abietic acid （松香酸）Lactic acid （乳酸）Poly(ethylene glycol) （聚乙二醇）Glycerol stearate （硬脂酸甘油酯）Imidazoline （咪唑啉，间二氮杂环戊烯）β-Pinene （β-蒎烯，β-松油二环烯）Adipic acid （脂肪酸）Butyl acetate （乙酸丁酯）Ethylene glycol butyl ether （乙二醇丁醚）Sebacic acid, （癸二酸）Decanedioic acid, （癸二酸）Ethylene glycol ethyl ether （乙二醇乙醚）2-Butenedioic acid (E)-, （2-丁烯二酸）Succinic acid, （琥珀酸，丁二酸）Ethylene glycol methyl ether （乙二醇甲醚）Acetyl acetate （乙酸乙酰脂）1H-Benzotriazole （1-H-笨并三唑）α-Pinene （α-蒎烯,α-松香二环烯）Salicylic acid (水杨酸)Iso-Propanol (异丙醇) Ethanol (乙醇)Lysine (赖氨酸)Glutamic acid (谷氨酸,2-氨基戊二酸) Glyceroyl, （甘油酰）N,N,N',N'-Tetrakis-(2-hydroxypropyl)-ethylene-diamine（N，N，N，N-四（2-羟基丙基）乙烯二氨）Isoleucine, （异亮氨酸）Decamethylenedicarboxylic acid, disalicyloylhy drazide （Tris(2,3-dibromopropyl)isocyanurate（3（2，3-2溴丙基）异氰尿酸盐）3-(N-Salicyloyl)amino-1,2,4-triazole （3-（N-水杨酰）氨-1，2，4-三唑）Isocyanuric acid （异氰尿酸）Salicylamide （水杨酰胺）Polyethylene glycol （聚乙二醇）Diethylene glycol diethyl ether （二甘醇二乙醚，（一缩）二乙二醇二乙醚）Butyl carbitol （丁基卡必醇）Ethyl carbitol （乙基卡必醇）Methyl carbitol （甲基卡必醇）Ethylene glycol monobutyl ether （乙二醇单丁醚）Glutaric acid （戊二酸，谷酸）Succinic acid （琥珀酸，丁二酸）Citric acid （柠檬酸）Salicylic acid （水杨酸）Lactic acid （2-羟基丙酸，乳酸）Glycerin monostearate （甘油一硬脂酸）Pentaerythritol （季戊四醇）tetrakis[β-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-phenyl)pr opionate] 四[β-（3，5-二叔丁基-4-羟基-苯基）丙酸酯Dioctyl sebacate （癸二酸二辛酯）N-Methyl pyrrolidone, （N-甲基吡咯烷酮）Diethylene glycol ethyl ether （二甘醇乙醚）Propylene glycol （丙二醇）Octanedioic acid （辛二酸）Oleamide （油酸酰胺）[olamine 乙醇胺]2-Mercapto benzothiazole （2-巯基-苯并噻唑）Nonanedioic acid, （壬二酸）cis-9-Octadecenoic acid, （顺式-9-十八炭烯酸，油酸）Sebacic acid, uses （癸二酸）12-Hydroxy stearic acid （十二羟基硬脂酸）Phthalic acid （苯二甲酸）1,1,3-Tris(2-methyl-4-hydroxy-5-tert-butylpheny l)butane（1，1，3-三（2-甲基-4-羟基-5-叔丁基苯基）丁烷）1,3,5-Trimethyl-2,4,6-tris(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hyd roxybenzyl)benzene（1，3，5-三甲基-2，4，6-三（3，5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基）苯）1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone, （1-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮）Carbonic acid, （碳酸）Phthalic acid, （苯二甲酸）Malic acid （苹果酸,羟基丁二酸）2,3-Dibromo-2-butene-1,4-diol （2，3-二溴-2-丙烯-1，4-二醇）Cetylpyridinium bromide （溴代十六烷基吡啶）Pentanedioic acid （戊二酸） pentanediol (戊二醇)pentanoic acid ( 戊酸) pentanol (戊醇) Butanedioic acid, （丁二酸）1,2-Dibromoethylbenzene （1，2-二溴乙基苯）Salicylic acid, （水杨酸）Stearic acid （硬脂酸）Pentanedioic acid （戊二酸）Maleic acid, （马来酸，失水苹果酸）Phthalic acid, （苯二甲酸）Tartaric acid, （酒石酸）Acetic acid, （乙酸）Polyoxyethylene octylphenol ether （聚氧乙烯辛基酚醚，聚氧化亚乙基辛基分醚）Ethanedioic acid, （乙二酸）Polyethylene glycol （聚乙二醇）Diethylene glycol butyl ether （二甘醇丁醚）Diethylene glycol monoethyl ether （二甘醇单乙醚）Ethylene glycol monobutyl ether （乙二醇单丁醚）Pentaerythritol, （季戊四醇）Diglycol, （二甘醇，一缩二乙二醇）Hexylene glycol （己二醇）Ethylene glycol, （乙二醇）Glycerol, （甘油,丙三醇）Cyclobutanediamine （环丁烷二胺）Dibromobutenediol （二溴丁二醇）Cyclohexanediamine （环己烷二胺）Succinamide （琥珀酰胺，丁二酸胺）Ethylenediamine, （乙二胺）Triethanolamine, （三乙醇胺）5-Aminoisophthalic acid （5-氨基间苯二甲酸）p-tert-Butylbenzoic acid （对叔丁基苯甲酸）Propionic acid, （丙酸）Benzoic acid, （安息香酸, 苯(甲)酸）Salicylamide （水杨酰胺）Aniline, （苯胺）Palmitic acid, （棕榈酸, 十六酸, 软脂酸）Glutamic acid, （谷氨酸） Glutaric acid (谷酸，戊二酸)Glycine, （甘氨酸，氨基乙酸）Malic acid （苹果酸,羟基丁二酸）Adipic acid, （己二酸）Diethanolamine （二乙醇胺）Triethylamine, （三乙胺）Malic acid （苹果酸）Oxalic acid, （草酸）Oleic acid, （油酸）Glutaric acid (谷氨酸)Sorbic acid （山梨酸） sorbic alcohol (山梨醇)=sorbit Reactant 反应物nProduct 产物nCatalyst 催化剂catalytic agent，catalyzer Degree Celsius摄氏度Sodium Borohydride硼氢化钠Lithium Aluminum Hydride (LAH)氢化铝锂Lithiumtrit-ButoxyaluminohydrideLiAlH(O t-C4H9)3叔丁氧基氢化铝锂Diisobutylaluminum Hydride AlH[CH2CH(CH3)2]2二异丙基氢化铝Diborane B2H6硼烷Reactive Metals 活泼金属如 Na, or Li, or K ，Mg or Al or Zn or FePotassium carbonate碳酸钾Sodium carbonate 碳酸钠Sodium bicarbonate 碳酸氢钠[]Sodium chloride氯化钠Sodium acetate 乙酸钠Sodium cyanide[ˈsaɪəˌnaɪd]氰化钠Sodium methoxide或Sodium methylate甲醇钠，甲氧基钠Sodium ethoxide[ˈsəʊdi:əm i:ˈθɔksaid]或Sodium ethylate[ˈsəʊdi:əm ˈeθileit]乙醇钠Sodium sulfate 硫酸钠Magnesium sulfate [mægˈni:zi:əm ]硫酸镁Acetic acid乙酸Formic acid甲酸Ammonium format甲酸铵Formamide[fɔ:ˈmæmid]或formyl amide 甲酰胺formaldehyde 甲醛[f ɔ:ˈmældəˌha ɪd]Methyl iodide碘甲烷Potassium iodide碘化钾[]Potassium chloride氯化钾Potassium cyanide[ˈsaɪəˌnaɪd]氰化钾Dimethyl sulfate硫酸二甲酯Palladium –carbon 钯碳Pd/C [pəˈleidiəm] Palladium chloride氯化钯Palladium diacetate醋酸钯Chloroacetone 氯丙酮Tetrabutyl ammonium bromide四丁基溴化铵Tetrabutyl ammonium fluoride四丁基氟化铵容器类：量杯measuring cup烧杯beaker 不锈钢杯stainless-steel beaker量筒measuring flask/measuring cylinder 量筒graduated flask/measuring cylinder坩埚crucible 坩埚钳crucible clamp 坩埚crucible pot, melting pot试管test tube 试管架test tube holder漏斗funnel 分液漏斗separatory funnel烧瓶flask 锥形瓶conical flask塞子stopper洗瓶plastic wash bottle滴定管burette玻璃活塞stopcock冷凝器condenser试剂瓶reagent bottles玻棒glass rod 搅拌棒stirring rod蒸馏烧瓶distilling flask碘量瓶iodine flask表面皿watch glass蒸发皿evaporating dish容量瓶volumetric flask/measuring flask移液管(one-mark) pipette刻度移液管graduated pipettes20称量瓶weighing bottle吸液管pipette滤管filter天平balance/scale分析天平analytical balance台秤platform balance游码crossbeams and sliding weights酒精灯alcohol burner酒精喷灯blast alcohol burner搅拌装置stirring device洗耳球rubber suction bulb研磨钵mortar 研磨棒pestle 玛瑙研钵agate mortar瓷器porcelain白细口瓶flint glass solution bottle with stopper 滴瓶dropping bottle 小滴管dropper蒸馏装置distilling apparatus蒸发器evaporator试验用器材：升降台lab jack铁架台iron support万能夹extension clamp蝴蝶夹double-buret clamp双顶丝clamp regular holder止水夹flatjaw pinchcock圆形漏斗架cast-iron ring移液管架pipet rack试管架tube rack沸石boiling stone橡胶管rubber tubing药匙lab spoon镊子forceps坩埚钳crucible tong剪刀scissor 打孔器stopper borer石棉网asbestos-free wire gauze电炉丝wire coil for heater脱脂棉absorbent cottonphph试纸universal ph indicator paper滤纸filter paper称量纸weighing paper擦镜纸wiper for lens秒表stopwatch量杯glass graduates with scale白滴定管（酸）flint glass burette with glass stopcock棕色滴定管（酸）brown glass burette with glass stopcock白滴定管（碱）flint glass burette for alkali棕色滴定管（碱）brown glass burette for alkali 比重瓶specific gravity bottle水银温度计mercury-filled thermometerph计ph meter折光仪refractometer真空泵vacuum pump冷、热浴bath离心机centrifuge口罩respirator防毒面具respirator、gasmask磁力搅拌器magnetic stirrer电动搅拌器power basic stirrer烘箱oven闪点仪flash point tester马弗炉furnace电炉heater微波炉电热套heating mantleBunsen burner 本生灯product 化学反应产物apparatus 设备。
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有机化学专业英语词汇(精)有机化学专业英语词汇(精)acetal 醛缩醇acetal- 乙酰acid 酸-al 醛alcohol 醇-aldehyde 醛alkali- 碱allyl 烯丙基 [propenyl(丙烯基)] alkoxy- 烷氧基-amide 酰胺amino- 氨基的-amidine 脒-amine 胺-ane 烷anhydride 酐anilino- 苯胺基aquo- 含水的-ase 酶-ate 含氧酸的盐、酯-atriyne 三炔azo- 偶氮benzene 苯bi- 在盐类前表示酸式盐bis- 双-borane 硼烷bromo- 溴butyl 丁基-carbinol 甲醇carbonyl 羰基-carboxylic acid 羧酸centi- 10-2chloro- 氯代cis- 顺式condensed 缩合的、冷凝的cyclo- 环deca- 十deci 10-1-dine 啶dodeca- 十二-ene 烯epi- 表epoxy- 环氧-ester 酯-ether 醚ethoxy- 乙氧基ethyl 乙基fluoro- 氟代form 仿-glycol 二醇hemi- 半hendeca- 十一hepta- 七heptadeca- 十七hexa- 六hexadeca- 十六-hydrin 醇hydro- 氢或水hydroxyl 羟基hypo- 低级的，次hyper- 高级的，高-ic 酸的，高价金属-ide 无氧酸的盐，酰替胺，酐-il 偶酰-imine 亚胺iodine 碘iodo- 碘代iso- 异，等，同-ite 亚酸盐keto- 酮ketone 酮-lactone 内酯mega- 106meta- 间，偏methoxy- 甲氧基methyl 甲基micro- 10-6milli- 10-3mono- ( mon-) 一，单nano- 10-9nitro- 硝基nitroso- 亚硝基nona- 九nonadeca- 十九octa- 八octadeca- 十八-oic 酸的-ol 醇-one 酮ortho- 邻，正，原-ous 亚酸的，低价金属oxa- 氧杂-oxide 氧化合物-oxime 肟oxo- 酮oxy- 氧化-oyl 酰para- 对位，仲penta- 五pentadeca- 十五per- 高，过petro- 石油phenol/phenoxide 苯酚phenyl 苯基pico- 10-12poly- 聚，多quadri- 四quinque- 五semi- 半septi- 七sesqui 一个半sulfa- 磺胺sym- 对称syn- 顺式，同，共ter- 三tetra- 四tetradeca- 十四tetrakis- 四个thio- 硫代trans- 反式，超，跨thio- 硫代tri- 三trideca- 十三tris- 三个undeca- 十一uni- 单，一unsym- 不对称的，偏位-yl 基-ylene 撑(二价基，价在不同原子上) -yne 炔organic compounds 有机化合物compounds of carbon 碳化合物hydrocarbons and their derivatives 碳氢化合物及其衍生物Derivative 衍生物organic chemistry 有机化学structure of molecule 分子结构Chemical bond 化学键covalent bond 共价键hybrid orbital 杂化轨道bond length 键长bond angle 键角bond energy键能polarity 极性dissociation energy 离解能constitution构造contiguration构型conformation构象stereochemistry立体化学tetrahedral正四面体cis-顺trans-反isomerism同分异构现象isomer异构体stereoisomer立体异构constitutional isomer构造异构structural formula 结构式octet八隅体perspective 透视式eclipsed conformation重叠式构象staggered conformation交叉式构象newman projection纽曼投影式functional group 官能团chain compound 链状化合物carbocyclic compound碳环化合物heterocyclic compound杂环化合物dipole-dipole interactions 偶极-偶极相互作用van der Waals forces 范德华力hydrogen bonding 氢键dipole moment偶极矩electronegativity 电负性physical property物理性质melting point熔点boiling point 沸点reaction mechanism反应机理homolysis均裂free redical自由基heterolysis异裂ionic type离子型electrophilic reagent亲电试剂electrophilic reaction亲电反应nucleophilic reagent亲核试剂nucleophilic reaction 亲核反应英文名汉文名Angular methyl group 角甲基Alkylidene group 亚烷基Allyl group 烯丙基Allylic 烯丙型[的]Phenyl group 苯基Aryl group 芳基Benzyl group 苄基Benzylic 苄型[的]Activating group 活化基团Chromophore 生色团Auxochrome 助色团Magnetically anisotropic group 磁各向异性基团Smally ring 小环Common ring 普通环Medium rimg 中环Large ring 大环Bridged-ring system 桥环体系Spiro compound 螺环化合物Helical molecule 螺旋型分子Octahedral compound 八面体化合物Conjugation 共轭Conjugated system 共轭体系Acyl cation 酰[基]正离子Benzylic cation 苄[基]正离子aromatic ion 芳[基]正离子Ketyl radical 羰自由基Radical ion 自由基离子Radical cation 自由基正离子Radical anion 自由基负离子Isomerism 异构[现象]Acid form 酸式Fluxional structure 循变结构Stereochemistry 立体化学Optical activity 光学活性Dextro isomer 右旋异构体Laevo isomer 左旋异构体Tetrahedral configuration 四面体构型Stereoisomerism 立体异构[现象] Asymmetric atom 不对称原子Asymmetric carbon 不对称碳Pseudo asymmetric carbon 假不对称碳Phantom atom 虚拟原子Homotopic 等位[的]Heterotopic 异位[的] Enantiotopic 对映异位[的] Diastereotopic 非对映异位[的] Configuration 构型Absolute configuration 绝对构型Chirality 手性Chiral 手性[的]Chiral center 手性中心Chiral molecule 手性分子Achiral 非手性[的]Fischer projection 费歇尔投影式Newman projection 纽曼投影式D-L system of nomenclature D-L命名体系R-S system of nomenclature R-S命名体系Cahn-Ingold-Prelon sequence 顺序规则Symmetry factor 对称因素Plane of symmetry 对称面Mirror symmetry 镜面对称Enantiomer 对映[异构]体Diastereomer 非对映[异构]体Epimer 差向异构体Anomer 端基[差向]异构体Erythro configuration 赤型构型Erythro isomer 赤型异构体Threo configuration 苏型构型Threo isomer 苏型异构体Trigonal carbon 三角型碳Cis-trans isomerism 顺反异构E isomer E异构体Z isomer Z异构体Endo isomer 内型异构体Exo isomer 外型异构体Prochirality 前手性Pro-R group 前R基团Pro-S proup 前S基团Re face Re面Si face Si面Racemic mixture 外消旋混合物Racemic compound 外消旋化合物Racemic solid solution 外消旋固体溶液Meso compound 内消旋化合物Quasi recemate 准外消旋体Conformation 构象Conformational 构象的Torsion angle 扭转角Rotamer 旋转异构体Anti conformation 反式构象Bisecting conformation 等分构象Antiperiplanar conformation 反叠构象Synperiplanar conformation 顺叠构象anticlinal conformation 反错构象Synclinal conformation 顺错构象Eclipsed conformation 重叠构象Gauche conformation/skew conformation 邻位交叉构象Staggered conformation 对位交叉构象Steric effect 空间效应Steric hindrance 位阻Atropisomer 阻转异构体Puckered ring 折叠环Conformational inversion 构象反转Chair conformation 椅型构象Boat conformation 船型构象Twist conformation 扭型构象Skew boat conformation 扭船型构象Half-chair conformation 半椅型构象Pseudorotation 假旋转Envelope conformation 信封[型]构象Axial bond 直[立]键Equatorial bond 平[伏]键Cisoid conformation 顺向构象Transoid conformation 反向构象Retention of configuration 构型保持Regioselectivity 区域选择性Regiospecificity 区域专一性Stereoselectivity 立体选择性Stereospecificty 立体专一性Conformer 构象异构体Conformational effect 构象效应Cram’s rube 克拉姆规则Prelog’rule 普雷洛格规则Stereochemical orientation 立体[化学]取向Conformational transmission 构象传递Homolog 同系物Ipso position 本位Ortho position 邻位Meta position 间位Para position 对位Amphi position 远位Peri position 近位Trigonal hybridization 三角杂化Molecular orbital method 分子轨道法Valence bond method 价键法Delocalezed bond 离域键Cross conjugation 交叉共轭Vinylog 插烯物Mesomeric effect 中介效应Resonance 共振Resonance effect 共振效应Hyperconjugation 超共轭Isovalent hyperconjugation 等价超共轭No-bond resonance 无键共振Aromaticity 芳香性Aromatic sexter 芳香六隅Huckel’rule 休克尔规则Paramagnetic ring current 顺磁环电流Diamagnetic ring current 抗磁环电流Homoaromaticity 同芳香性Antiaromaticity 反芳香性Alternant hydrocarbon 交替烃Non-alternant hydrocarbon 非交替烷Pericyclic reaction 周环反应Electrocyclic rearrangement 电环[化]重排Conrotatory 顺旋Disroatatory 对旋Cycloaddition 环加成Symmetry forbidden-reaction 对称禁阻反应Synfacial reaction 同面反应Antarafacial reaction 异面反应Mobius system 默比乌斯体系Lewis structure 路易斯结构Coordinate-covalent bond 配位共价键Banana bond 香蕉键Pauling electronegativity scale 鲍林电负性标度Polarizability 可极化性Inductive effect 诱导效应Field effect 场效应Electrical effect 电场效应tautomerism 互变异构Tautomerization 互变异构化Keto-enol tautomerism 酮-烯醇互变异构Phenol-keto tautomerism 酚-酮互变异构Imine-enamine atutomerism 亚胺-烯胺互变异构Ring-chain tautomerism 环-链互变异构Valence tautomerism 价互变异构Ambident 两可[的]Solvent effect 溶剂效应Acidic solvent 酸性溶剂Basic solvent 碱性溶剂Dielectric constant 介电常数Solvated electron 溶剂化电子Acid-base catalyzed reaction 酸碱催化反应Conjugate acid 共轭酸Conjugate base 共轭碱Thermodynamic acidity 热力学酸度Kinetic acidity 动力学酸度Electron donor-acceptor complex,EDAcomplex 电子给[体]受体络合物Host 主体Guest 客体Primary isotope effect 一级同位素效应Secondary isotope effect 二级同位数效应Inverse isotope effect 逆同位素效应Kinetic control 动力学控制Thermodynamic control 热力学控制Substrate 底物Intermediate 中间体Reactive intermediate 活泼中间体Microscopic reversibility 微观可逆性Hammond postulate 哈蒙德假说Linear free energy 线性自由能Non-bonded interaction 非键相互作用Torsional effect 扭转效应Pitzer strain 皮策张力Restricted rotation 阻碍旋转Eclipsing effect 重叠效应Eclipsing strain 重叠张力Small-angle strain 小角张力Large angle strain 大角张力Transannular interaction 跨环相互作用Transannular strain 跨环张力I strain 内张力F strain 前张力B strain 后张力Anomeric effect 端基异构效应Walden inversion 瓦尔登反转Racemization 外消旋化Isoinversion 等反转Isoracemization 等消旋Homochiral 纯手性[的] Mechanism 机理Unimolecular nucleophilic substitution单分子亲核取代Bimolecular nucleophilic substitution 双分子亲核取代Bimolecular nucleophilic substitution(with allylic rearrangement) 双分子亲核取代（含烯丙型重排）Internal nucleophilic substirution 分子内亲核取代Aromatic nucleophilic substitution 芳香亲核取代Unimolecular electrophilic substitution 单分子亲电取代Bimolecular electrophilic substitution 双分子亲电取代Nucleophile-assisted unimolecular electrophilic substitution 亲核体协助单分子亲电取代Unimolecular elimination 单分子消除Bimolecular elimination 双分子消除Unimolecular elimination through the conjugate base 单分子共轭碱消除Bimolecular elimination through the conjugate base 双分子共轭碱消除Bimolecular elimination with formation of a carbonyl group 双分子羰基形成消除Unimolecular acid-catalyzedacyl-oxygen cleavage 单分子酸催化酰氧断裂Bimolecular base-catalyzedacyl-oxygen cleavage 双分子碱催化酰氧断裂Unimolecular acid-catalyzedalkyl-oxygen cleavage 单分子酸催化烷氧断裂Bimolecular base-catalyzedalkyl-oxygen cleavage 双分子碱催化烷氧断裂π-allyl complex mechanism π烯丙型络合机理Borderline mechanism 边理机理Homolysis 均裂Heterolysis 异裂Heterolytic michanism 异裂机理Counrer[gegen]ion 反荷离子Ion pair 离子对Carbocation 碳正离子Nonclassical carbocation 非经典碳正离子Carbanion 碳负离子Masked carbanion 掩蔽碳负离子Carbenoid 卡宾体Carbene 卡宾,碳烯Nitrene 氮宾Carbine 碳炔Electrophilic addition 亲电加成Electrophile 亲电体Diaxial addition 双直键加成Markovnikov’s rube 马尔科夫尼科规则Anti-Markovnikov addition 反马氏加成Michael addition 迈克尔加成Substitution 取代Electrophilic substitution 亲电取代Addition-elimination mechanism 加成消除机理Electrophilic aromatic substitution 亲电芳香取代Electron transfer 电子转移Electron-donating group 给电子基团Electron-Withdrawing group 吸电子基团Deactivating group 钝化基团Orinentation 取向Ortho-para directing group 邻对位定位基Meta directing group 间位定位基Ortho effect 邻位效应Partial rate factor 分速度系数Nucleophilic reaction 亲核反应Internal return 内返Nucleophilicity 亲核体Nucleophilicity 亲核性α-effect α-效应Backside attack 背面进攻Inversion 反转Umbrella effect 伞效应Push-pull effect 推拉效应Leaving group 离去基团Electrofuge 离电体Nucleofuge 离核体Phase-transfer catalysis 相转移催化Neighboring group participation 邻基基参与Neighboring proupassistance/anchimeric assistance 邻助作用Neighboring group effect 邻基效应Apofacial reaction 反面反应Briddgehead displacement 桥头取代Aryl action 芳正离子Benzyne 苯炔Zaitsev rule 札依采夫规则Anti-Zaitsev orientation 反札依采夫定向Hofmann’s rule 霍夫曼规则Bredt rule 布雷特规则Initiation 引发Anionic cleavage 负离子裂解Partial bond fixation 键[的]部分固定化2．3有机化学反应Alkylation 烷基化C- alkylation C-烷基化O- alkylation O-烷基化N-alkylation N-烷基化Silylation 硅烷[基]化Exhaustive methylation 彻底甲基化Seco alkylation 断裂烷基化Demethylation 脱甲基化Ethylation 乙基化Arylation 芳基化Acylation 酰化Formylation 甲酰化Carbalkoxylation 烷氧羰基化Carboamidation 氨羰基化Carboxylation 羧基化Amination 氨基化Bisamination 双氨基化Cine substitution 移位取代Transamination 氨基交换Hydroxylation 羟基化acyloxyation 酰氧基化Decarboxylative halogenation 脱羧卤化Allylic halogenation 烯丙型卤化Dehalogenation 脱卤Nitration 硝化Decarboxylative nitration 脱羧硝化Nitrosation 亚硝化Sulfonation 磺化Chlorosulfonation 氯磺酰化Desulfonation 脱磺酸基Sulfenylation 亚磺酰化Sulfonylation 磺酰化Chlorosulfenation 氯亚磺酰化Chlorocarbonylation 氯羰基化Diazotization 重氮化Diazo transfer 重氮基转移Coupling reaction 偶联反应Diazonium coupling 重氮偶联Cross-coupling reaction 交叉偶联反应1,4-addition 1，4-加成Conjugate addition 共轭加成Dimerization 二聚Trimerization 三聚Additive dimerization 加成二聚sulfurization 硫化Selenylation 硒化Hydroboration 硼氢化Oxyamination 羟氨基化Insertion 插入carbonylation 羧基化Hydroformylation 加氢甲酰基化Hydroacylation 加氢酰化Oxo process 羰基合成Decarbonylation 脱羰Hydrocarboxylation 氢羧基化Homologization 同系化Cyanoethylation 氰乙基化Decyanoethylation 脱氰乙基Ring clsure 环合Diene synthesis 双烯合成Dienophile 亲双烯体Endo addition 内型加成Exo addition 外型加成Diels-Alder reaction 第尔斯-尔德反应Retro Diels-Alder reaction 逆第尔斯-阿尔德反应Ene synthesis 单烯合成Anionic cycloaddition 负离子环加成Dipolar addition 偶极加成Dehydrohalogenation 脱卤化氢Deamination 脱氨基Pyrolytic elimination 热解消除Elimination-addition 消除-加成Decarboxylation 脱羧Decarboxamidation 脱酰胺Decyanation 脱氰基Alkylolysis/alkyl cleavage 烷基裂解Acylolysis,acyl cleavage 酰基裂解Flash pyrolysis 闪热裂Fragmentation 碎裂Chelatropic reaction 螯键反应Chelation 螯环化Esterification 酯化Transesterification 酯交换Saponification 皂化Alcoholysis 醇解Ethanolysis 乙醇解Cyanomethylation 氰甲基化Aminomethylation 氨甲基化Hydroxymethylation 羟甲基化Hydroxyalkylation 羟烷基化Cholromethylation 氯甲基化Haloalkylation 卤烷基化Transacetalation 缩醛交换Enolization 烯醇化Haloform reaction 卤仿反应Condensation 缩合Aldol condensation 羟醛缩合Cross aldol condensation 交叉羟醛缩合Retrograde aldol condensation 逆羟醛缩合Acyloin condensation 偶姻缩合Cyclization 环化Annulation,annelation 增环反应Spiroannulation 螺增环Autoxidation 自氧化Allylic hydroperoxidation 烯丙型氢过氧化Epoxidation 环氧化Oxonolysis 臭氧解Electrochemical oxidation 电化学氧化Oxidative decarboxylation 氧化脱羧Aromatization 芳构化Catalytic hydrogenation 催化氢化Heterogeneous hydrogenation 多相氢化Homogeneous hydrogenation 均相氢化Catalytic dehydrogenation 催化脱氢Transfer hydrogenation 转移氢化Hydrogenolysis 氢解Dissolving metal reduction 溶解金属还原Single electron transfer 单电子转移Bimolecular reduction 双分子还原Electrochemical reduction 电化学还原Reductive alkylation 还原烷基化Reductive acylation 还原酰化Reductive dimerization 还原二聚Deoxygenation 脱氧Desulfurization 脱硫Deselenization 脱硒Mitallation 金属化Lithiation 锂化Hydrometallation 氢金属化Mercuration 汞化Oxymercuration 羟汞化Aminomercuration 氨汞化Abstraction 夺取[反应]Internal abstraction 内夺取[反应] Rearrangement 重排Prototropic rearrangement 质了转移重排Double bond migration 双键移位Allylic rearrangement 烯丙型重排Allylic migration 烯丙型迁移Ring contraction 环缩小[反应] Ring expansion,ring enlargement 扩环[反应]ketol rearrangement 酮醇重排Pinacol rearrangement 频哪醇重排Retropinacol rearrangement 逆频哪醇重排Semipinacol rearrangement 半频哪醇重排Benzilic rearrangement 二苯乙醇酸重排Acyl rearrangement 酰基重排Migratory aptitude 迁移倾向Transannular insertion 跨环插入Transannular rearrangement 跨环重排Migration 迁移Prototropy 质子转移Cationotropic rearrangement 正离子转移重排Anionotropy 负离子转移Anionotropic rearrangement 负离子转移重排Sigmatropic rearrangement 单键迁移重排Homosigmatropic rearrangement 同迁移重排Electrophilic rearrangement 亲电重排Photosensitization 光敏化Forbidden transition 禁阻跃迁photooxidation 光氧化Photoisomerization 光异构化Photochemical rearrangement 光化学重排2．4 有机化合物类名Aliphatic compound 脂肪族化合物Hydrocarbon 碳氢化合物Alkane 烷Wax 蜡Paraffin wax 石蜡Alkene 烯Alkyen 炔Acetylide 炔化物Active hydrogen compounds 活泼氢化合物Carbon acid 碳氢酸Super acid 超酸Diene 双烯Triene 三烯Allene 丙二烯Ccumulene 累积多烯Enyne 烯炔Diyne 二炔Alkyl halide 卤代烷Alcohol 醇Homoallylic alcohol 高烯丙醇Ether 醚Epoxide 环氧化物Cellosolve 溶纤剂Crown ether 冠醚Netro compound 硝基化合物Amine 胺Quaternaryammonium compound 季铵化合物Amine oxide 氧化胺Diazoalkane 重氮烷Mercaptan 硫醇Sulfonic acid 磺酸Sulfoxide 亚砜Sulfone 砜Aldehyde 醛Detone 酮Aldehyde hydrate 醛水合物Ketone hydrate 酮水合物Hemiacetal 半缩醛Acetal 缩醛Ketal 缩酮Dithiane 二噻烷Aminal 缩醛胺imine 亚胺Aldimine 醛亚胺Oxime 肟Aldimine 醛肟nitroso compound 亚硝基化合物aldoxime 硝酮Hydrazone 腙Azine 吖嗪，连氮Semicarbazone 缩氯基脲Cyanohydrin 羟腈Pinacol 频哪醇Enol 烯醇Enol ether 烯醇醚Enol ester 烯醇酯Enamine 烯胺Ynamine 炔胺Mannich base 曼尼希碱Carboxylic acid 羧酸Ester 酯orthoester 原酸酯Acyl halide 酰卤Acyl fluoride 酰氟Acyl chloride 酰氯Acyl bromide 酰溴Acyl iodine 酰碘Carbobenzoxy chloride 苄氧甲酰氯Acyl tosylate 酰基对甲苯磺酸酐Ketene 乙烯酮Peracid 过酸Perester 过酸酯Acyl peroxide 酰基过氧化物Nitrile 腈Nitrile oxide 氧化腈Isonitrile 异腈Amide 酰胺Imide 二酰亚胺N-bromo compound N-溴化物Hydrazide 酰肼Acyl azide 酰叠氮Amidine 脒Keto ester 酮酸酯Acyl cyanide 酰腈Carbon suboxide 二氧化三碳Glycidic acid 环氧丙酸Carbammic acid 氨基甲酸Carbamate 氨基甲酸酯Urea 脲Cyanamide 氨腈Carbodiimide 碳二亚胺Allophanate 脲基甲酸酯Thioester 硫代酸酯Thiol acid 硫羰酸Lactone 内酯Lactol 内半缩醛Macrolide 大环内酯Amino acid 氨基酸Zwitterions 两性离子Inner salt 内盐Betaine 甜菜碱Lactam 内酰胺Hydantion 乙内酰脲Peptide 肽Glycol 二醇Aldol 羟醛Acyloin 偶姻Carbohydrate 碳水化合物Aldose 醛糖Ketose 酮糖Furanose 呋喃糖Pyranose 吡喃糖Glycoside 糖苷Glucoside 葡[萄]糖苷Aglycon 苷元Saccharide 糖类Oligosaccharide 寡糖Polysaccharide 多糖Alditol 糖醇Osazone 脎Alicyclic compound 脂环化合物Cycloalkene 环烷Spirane 环烯Cage compound 螺烷Propellane 笼型化合物Rotazane 螺桨烷Catenane 轮烷Rused ring 索烃。