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2024年教师资格(初级中学)-英语知识与教学能力(高中)考试历年真题摘选附带答案

2024年教师资格（初级中学）-英语知识与教学能力（高中）考试历年真题摘选附带答案第1卷一.全考点押密题库(共100题)1.(单项选择题)(每题2.00 分)I lost my wallet last week, but ___________ it didn′ t contain much money.A. luckilyB. hopefullyC. gladlyD. normally2.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) In Britain,______has the ultimate authority of legislation.A. the QueenB. the House of CommonsC. the Prime MinisterD. the House of Lords3.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) Which of the following test belongs to subjectivityquiz?______.A. multiple choiceB. right or wrongC. translationD. cloze test4.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分)If a teacher asks students to talk about their hobbies in groups, he/she istryingto encourage __________.A. peer correctionB. peer feedbackC. peer interactionD. peer assessment5.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) Writing exercises such as completion, reproduction, compression, and transformation are mainly the type of exercises used in ______ task.A. imitative writingB. guided writingC. free writingD. creative writing6.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) Which of the following sets of phonetic features characterizes the English phoneme/o:/?A. [+semi—closed, +back, —rounded]B. [+semi—open, +back, +rounded]C. [+closed, +back, +rounded]D. [+open, +front, +rounded]7.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) Which of the following sounds does“lateral”refer to?A. [w]B. [1]C. [j]D. [h]8.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分)"Can I borrow your bike?" __________"You have a bike."A. is synonymous withB. is inconsistent withC. entailsD. presupposes9.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分)Why does the author cite the findings of previous studies in Paragraph3?A. To introduce a new topic.B. To place a topic in a larger context.C. To discuss a solution to a certain problem.D. To provide empirical data to confirm a prior belief.10.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分)Import for the first three months this year is larger than that for the__________period last year.A. relatingB. concerningC. correspondingD. regarding11.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) Teaching cases mainly include teaching reflection, teaching record, and ______ .A. instructional designB. teaching activitiesC. teaching progressD. teaching cases12.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) Which of the following nominating patterns can a teacher adopt to ensure that all students are actively i nvolved in classroom activities?→ ←.A. Nominating those who are good at English.B. Asking questions in a predicable sequence.C. Nominating students after the question is given.D. Nominating students before giving the question.13.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) Electronic books could revolutionize reading, but people ought to consider their far-reaching. “The e-book promises to wreak a slow havoc on life as we know it,” Jason Ohler, professor of technology assessment, University of Alaska Southeast in Juneau, warned the World Future Society, Bethesda, MD. His assessment weighed the pros and cons of e-book technology’s impact on social relationships, the environment, the economy，etC. Before you curl up with an e-book, consider the disadvantages.They increase eyestrain due to poor screen resolution, replace a relatively cheap commodity with a more expensive one, and displace workers in print book production and traditional publishing. E-books make it easy to share data, thereby threatening copyright agreements and reducing compensation of authors, as well as creating no biodegradable trash. On theother hand, e-books save paper and trees, reduce the burden of the carrying and storing of printed books, promote self- sufficiency in learning, and make reading a collaborative experience online. They also create new jobs for writers and artists and encourageself-publishing. In final analysis, Ohler points out, e-books should gain society’s approval if a few conditions are met: make them biodegradable and recyclable，solve the problem of eye fatigue，be sure the “have-nots” get the technology，and support e-book training in schools and business.What is e-books negative impact on social relationships?______.A. They create new jobs only for writers.B. Fewer and fewer people have access to new technology.C. They may threaten some traditional trades.D. They isolate people from one another.14.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) Which of the following sounds does “lateral” referto?______.A. [w]B. [l]C. [j]D. [h]15.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分)Which of the following is the last step in the process of writingessays?A. Editing the writings.B. Writing topic sentences for paragraphs.C. Gathering information and ideas relevant to the topic.D. Organizing the information and ideas into a logical sequence.16.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) Was it five o’ clock______the fire broke out?A. whenB. thatC. whichD. in which17.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) The girl likes______and______.A. tomato; chickenB. tomatoes; chickensC. tomatoes; chickenD. tomato; chickens18.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) Which of the following is NOT a romantic poet?______.A. William Wordsworth.B. George Elliot.C. George C. Byron.D. Percy B. Shelley.19.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) Which of the following statements about course design is NOT true?______.A. The general goals of a course should be specified based on the learners’ needs.B. The contents of a course should enrich the learners5 knowledge.C. The assessment activities should reflect those taught in a course.D. The contents of a course should be selected to fit in with the learning experiences.20.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) Last Sunday she came to visit us out of the blue. The italicized phrase means→ ←.A. unexpectedlyB. unhappilyC. untidilyD. unofficially21.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分)According to John Kounios, what does the underlined word \"that\"in PARAGRAPH two refer to?A. Bending the stiffwire.B. Holding papers in place.C. The idea of making a paperclip.D. The process of making a paperclip.22.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) When we analyze the salt salinity (盐浓度)of ocean waters, we find that it varies only slightly from place to place. Nevertheless, some of these small changes are important. There are three basic processes that cause a change in oceanic salinity. One of these is the subtraction of water from the ocean by means of evaporation. In this manner, the salinity is increased, since the salt stays behinD. If this is carried to the extreme, of course, white salt would be left behind; this, by the way, is how much of the table salt we use is actually obtaineD.The opposite of evaporation is precipitation, such as rain, by which water is added to the ocean. Here the ocean is being diluted so that the salinity is decreaseD. This may occur in areas of high rainfall or in coastal regions where rivers flow into the ocean. Thus salinitymay be increased by the subtraction of water by evaporation, or decreased by the addition of fresh water by precipitation.Normally, in hot regions where the sun is very strong, the ocean salinity is somewhat higher than it is in other parts of the world where there is not as much evaporation. Similarly, in coastal regions where rivers dilute the sea, salinity is somewhat lower than in other oceanic areas.A third process by which salinity may be altered is associated with the formation and melting of sea ice. When seawater is frozen, the dissolved materials are left behinD. In this manner, seawater directly beneath freshly formed sea ice has a higher salinity than it did before the ice appeareD. Of course, when this ice melts, it will tend to decrease the salinity of the surrounding water.In the Weddell Sea, the densest water in the ocean is formed as a result of this freezing process, which increases the salinity of cold water. This heavy water sinks and is found in the deeper portion of the oceans of the worlD.It can be known from the passage that increase in the salinity of ocean water is caused by______.A. melting of sea iceB. precipitationC. evaporationD. supplement of salt23.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) The phoneme /n/in the first word of all the following phrases changes to/m/ except______.A. clean billB. clean houseC. green woodD. green pepper24.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) Which of the following is NOT the advantage of group work?A. creating some peaceful and quiet time in classB. encouraging cooperation and negotiation skills among studentsC. encouraging different opinions and contributions to the workD. promoting students5 autonomy rather than follow the teachers25.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分)What can be drawn from Villasenor′ s experience?A. Some editors of mainstream publishers are critical.B. Many Latino writers were mostly favored by small presses.C. \"Rain of Gold\" was going to be one of the first Chicano books.D. \"Rain of Gold\" was intended to be published as a novel by theauthor.26.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) Which of the following belongs to the oral communicative approach?A. focus on accuracyB. focus on fluencyC. focus on strategiesD. focus on comprehension27.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分)Though the government encourages foreign investment,__________ investors arereluctant to commit fimds in the current climate situation in the country.A. potentialB. affluentC. optimisticD. solid28.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) —Must I finish the work today, Mom?__No, you_____. You can finish it tomorrow.A. mustn’tB. can’tC. shouldn’tD. needn’t29.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分)What does the author think of intellect?A. It is second to intelligence.B. It evolves from common sense.C. It is to be pursued.D. It underlies power.30.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分)Modem scientists divide the process of dying into two stages-clinical or temporary death and biological death. Clinical death occurs when the vital organs, such as the heart or lungs, have ceased to function, but have not suffered permanent damage. The organism can still be reviveD. Biological death occurs when changes in the organism lead to the disintegration of vital cells and tissues. Death is then irreversible and final.Scientists have been seeking a way to prolong the period of clinical death so that the organism can be revived before biological death occurs. The best method developed so far involves cooling of the organism, combined with narcotic sleep. By slowing down the body^ metabolism, cooling delays the processes leading to biological death.To illustrate how this works, scientists performed an experiment on a six-year-old female monkey called KetA. The scientists put Keta to sleep with a narcotic. Then they surrounded her body with ice-bags and began checking her body temperature. When it had dropped to 28 degrees the scientists began draining blood from its body. The monkey’s blood pressure decreased and an hour later both the heart and breathing stopped; clinical death set in. For twenty minutes Keta remained in this state. Her temperature dropped to 22 degrees. At this point the scientists pumped blood into its body in the direction of the heart and started artificial breathing. After two min utes the monkey’s heart became active once more. After fifteen minutes, spontaneous breathing began, and after four hours Keta opened her eyes and lifted her heaD. After six hours, when the scientists tried to give her a penicillin injection. Keta seized the syringe and ran with it around the room. Her behavior differed little from that of a healthy animal.This passage focuses on______.A. the difference between biological and clinic deathB. the process of dyingC. prolonging the period of clinical deathD. the nature of clinical death31.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) The world market is______changing. We must anticipate the changes and make timely adjustments.A. stablyB. constantlyC. scarcelyD. occasionally32.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) I arrived at the airport so late that I______missed the plane.A. onlyB. quiteC. narrowlyD. seldom33.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分)In my opinion she is kind and polite, so I put her rudeness today downas __________.A. ordinaryB. untimelyC. progressiveD. accidental34.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分)She is __________ , from her recording, the diaries of Simon Forman.A. transcribingB. keepingC. paraphrasingD. recollecting35.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) —Jerry and Lucy must both like movies. I often meet them at the cinemA.—______is Lucy, not Jerry, who likes movies.A. SoB. ThatC. ItD. Such36.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) The phoneme / v / in the first word of all the following phrases changes to / f / except ______ .A. five plusB. love toC. twelve cupsD. give in37.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) When a teacher teaches young learners English pronunciation, he should______.A. listen as much as possibleB. input regardless of students5 abilityC. tolerate small errors in continuous speechD. read more English materials38.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) If a teacher gets an incorrect answer from students, it is most appropriate for him or her to say“______"in order to encourage them.A. No, I don't like your answers.B. Nonsense, it is not what I want!C. Your answer is far beyond the point.D. You missed the point, but I'm glad you mentioned another point.39.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分)What rhetoric device is used in the sentence \"This is a successfulfailure\"?A. SimileB. MetonymyC. MetaphorD. Oxymoron40.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) I will always remember my mother^ last few days in this worlD.On February 14th,2000, my class went on a field trip to the beach. I had so much fun. When we returned to school, my teacher told me to go to the headmaster’s office. When I got into the office，I saw a police officer. Suddenly I realized something was wrong. The police officer told me what had happened and we went to pick my sister up. After that, we went to the hospital and waiteD. Time went slowly.Finally, we got to see our mother, it was terrible.On the next day, the headmaster came and told my two teachers what had happeneD. I was taking a rest that day. I knew it had something to do with my mother. I kept thinking that she either died or had got better. How I wished that she had got better. When my teacher took me outside, my sister ran up to me. She started crying, “She’s gone. Teresa mommy’s gone. She’s deaD. ”1 couldn’t believe it. We jumped into the car and drove straight to the hospital. Most of my family were there. The silence was terrible. I knew I had to say goodbye.Today when I look back, I still miss my mother very much, but I know that I will live. My mother was a strong mother，who had the biggest heart. My mother was an angel walking on the earth. I will always remember her as she is living. When someone is asked who their heroes are ,they usually say someone famous, like Michael Jordan or Britney Spears. When someone asks me who my hero is, I tell them, my mother. My mother lives every day. That is what makes her a true hero.From the last paragraph of the passage we know that______.A. the writer is afraid of her mother.B. the writer is proud of her mother.C. the writer feels sad about her mother.D. the writer feels sorry for her mother.41.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分)Diagnostic test is often used for the purpose of__________.A. finding out what students know and don' t knowB. measuring students' general language proficiencyC. knowing whether students have the right language aptitudeD. checking whether students have achieved the teaching objectives42.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分)Which rhetoric device is used in the following sentence?The fair breeze blew, the white foam flew; the furrow followed free.A. Alliteration.B. Assonance.C. Onomatopoeia.D. Metonymy.43.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) Five years ago, David Smith wore an expensive suit to work every day. “I was a clothes ad diet, ’Tie jokes。

北京市海淀区2022-2023学年高三下学期期中练习英语试题(含答案解析)

北京市海淀区2022-2023学年高三下学期期中练习英语试题学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________9．A．wear B．make C．trade D．fix 10．A．stand B．shine C．lead D．celebrate二、用单词的适当形式完成短文三、阅读理解If you’re interested in pushing yourself academically while experiencing college life,our Summer Programs for Pre-College students(SPP)can be ideal for you.In the programs,you will be able to make friends with fellow students,engage in social activities around the city and on campus,and experience pre-college summer study at one of the world’s top teaching and research universities.Our long-running summer term pre-college offerings include a choice of one-,two-, three-,and six-week programs that prepare you for success in college.With five exciting and challenging pre-college summer programs to choose from,you can earn college credit, discover a new subject area,perform cutting-edge research in university labs,or immerse yourself in hands-on learning.Academic lifeSPP invites you to join other highly motivated teens from87countries in our summer programs for high school students—and take the leap into college life and academics,which enables you to take on new academic challenges,explore a variety of interests and consider possible majors.You can take college courses alongside undergraduates either on campus or online.And you can also earn up to eight college credits by conducting in-depth STEM research with individual instructors or as part of a group project.Or,you can immerse yourself in a variety of stimulating noncredit seminars that blend lectures with experiential learning,discussions,and projects.Campus/Residence lifeEmbracing college life is an exciting experience.Whether you live on campus or commute,you’ll get to know the ins and outs of college and city life.If you live on campus, you will stay in the residence hall,sharing a room and participating in dorm activities.There are typically two students per room and safety is our highest priority:residence halls have live-in university staff and24-hour security.Resident program assistants provide guidance, coordinate and lead social activities,ranging from group activities that include comedy shows to field trips.Your hard work will be combined with social events and fun activities—and you’ll still have time for your own adventures on campus!Email the SPP office at******************. 21．SPP aims to______.A．help college students to achieve academic successB．provide admission guidelines for pre-college studentsC．get high school students well-prepared for college lifeD．encourage students to participate in hands-on learning22．What are students supposed to do to earn the required credits?A．Carry out STEM research.B．Attend various seminars.C．Finish the courses online.D．Join in experiential learning. 23．According to the passage,students living on campus______.A．can organize social activities B．will have access to a single roomC．are provided with good security D．are advised to direct comedy shows“I can’t connect with your characters.”I kept hearing the same feedback and was unable to understand why and not sure what to do.I was a character-driven writer.How could I mess up the one thing I was supposed to be good at?I was determined to convince my agent that these characters were real.After all,I knew they were real.My main character Lotus had lived inside me for years.I just needed to clarify her on the page.I wrote and edited for a year,trying to respond to this agent’s feedback.But Lotus’personality began to disappear.I tried to have her make“better”decisions,wear smarter fashion,and have more friends,as my agent said she acted“immature”and was“isolated”. And when this agent ultimately parted ways with me,I felt like I had failed.Now with time and distance,I realize I tried to fit Lotus into a neurotypical style to please my agent.And as a result,Lotus lost her Lotus-ness.When that agent discouraged me from writing Lotus as autistic(自闭的),he said that would make Lotus seem more“vulnerable(脆弱的)”or an“obvious victim”.I didn’t want Lotus to seem vulnerable.Lotus’autism is what makes her powerful,I tried to explain.But from a neurotypical perspective,Lotus’autism could only be seen as a weakness.Unsure of how to convince my agent of the strength and power autistic women hold,I began to write Lotus as“neurotypical”.And I failed miserably.After all,what do I knowabout being neurotypical?My whole life,autism was my default.Not being diagnosed until 2020,I assumed the way I saw the world was“normal”.My current agent encourages me to write from my neurodivergent(神经多样性的) experience.With this invitation,I revisited Lotus and saw her the way I first wrote her.And when I did,the characters and the entire narrative began to make more sense.Identifying my characters as neurodivergent not only gives me joy as a writer,but it has produced my strongest writing.For so long,I’ve combatted the advice to“write what I know”, in part because I didn’t know what I actually knew.I didn’t know I was neurodivergent.But as I mine the specificity of my lived experience,my writing is stronger.There is a power to our lived experience.It’s not a limitation on our craft,but a swinging open of the gates. 24．How did the author feel when receiving the repeated response from the first agent?A．Confused.B．Convinced.C．Determined.D．Disappointed. 25．Lotus’personality got lost because______A．Lotus no longer lived inside the author B．the author attempted to please the agent C．the agent failed to sympathize with Lotus D．Lotus was considered childish and lonely26．What do we know about the author?A．She regretted parting with the agent.B．She owed her success in life to autism.C．She was aware of her autism in the early years.D．She was empowered by her autistic experience.27．What has the author learned from her own experience?A．Stick to your dream despite discouragement.B．Be true to yourself and write from your heart.C．Giving in to authority is the barrier to success.D．Everyone is born an original instead of a copy.To a chef,the sounds of lip smacking,slurping and swallowing are the highest form of flattery(恭维).But to someone with a certain type of misophonia(恐音症),these same sounds can be torturous.Brain scans are now helping scientists start to understand why.People with misophonia experience strong discomfort,annoyance or disgust when they hear particular triggers.These can include chewing,swallowing,slurping,throat clearing,coughing and even audible breathing.Researchers previously thought this reaction might be caused by the brain overactively processing certain sounds.Now,however,a new study published in Journal of Neuroscience has linked some forms of misophonia to heightened “mirroring”behavior in the brain:those affected feel distress while their brains act as if they were imitating the triggering mouth movements.“This is the first breakthrough in misophonia research in25years,”says psychologist Jennifer J.Brout,who directs the International Misophonia Research Network and was not involved in the new study.The research team,led by Neweastle University neuroscientist Sukhbinder Kumar, analyzed brain activity in people with and without misophonia when they were at rest and while they listened to sounds.These included misophonia triggers(such as chewing), generally unpleasant sounds(like a crying baby）,and neutral sounds.The brain’s auditory (听觉的)cortex,which processes sound,reacted similarly in subjects with and without misophonia.But in both the resting state and listening trials,people with misophonia showed stronger connections between the auditory cortex and brain regions that control movements of the face,mouth and throat,while the controlled group didn’t.Kumar found this connection became most active in participants with misophonia when they heard triggers specific to the condition.“Just by listening to the sound,they activate the motor cortex more strongly.So in a way it was as if they were doing the action themselves,”Kumar says.Some mirroring is typical in most humans when witnessing others’actions;the researchers do not yet know why an excessive(过分的)mirroring response might cause such a negative reaction,and hope to address that in future research.“Possibilities include a sense of loss of control,invasion of personal space,or interference with current goals and actions,”the study authors write.Fatima Husain,an Illinois University professor of speech and hearing science,who was not involved in the study,says potential misophonia therapies could build on the new findings by counseling patients about handling unconscious motor responses to triggering sounds—not just coping with the sounds themselves.If this works,she adds,one should expect to see reduced connected activity between the auditory and motor cortices.28．It can be learnt from the new study that______.A．misophonia sufferers can’t help imitating the triggersB．people with misophonia are more likely to flatter chefsthe world together.They can redress the proclaimed objectivity in science by bringing stories —subjectivities—into the picture,and these can help foster a sense of connection and hope.In2012,I set up artist residencies in medical research centres around the world.Bui was attached to the Oxford University Clinical Research Unit in Vietnam.The head of the research team was delighted,finding that Bui,as a Vietnamese artist,had license to be in,and to share useful insights from,villages where infectious disease researchers weren’t welcome. Six years later,I led Wellcome’s Contagious Cities program,which established artist residencies worldwide to support locally led explorations of epidemic preparedness.The recent pandemic made this work more noticeable,and has informed our Mindscapes program which is currently sharing experiences of mental health through the work of artists.With pandemic,climate and mental health crises upon us,rising inequality and what feels like an increasingly broken world,never has there been more need to build and nurture hopeful and imaginative spaces to grow human connection and shared purpose for the common good.Science and the arts can work hand in glove to achieve this.31．The author lists two works in Paragraph1mainly to______.A．reveal the gap between science and art B．prove his competence in both science and artC．introduce successful science-related artworks D．show that science can be promoted in art forms32．What does the underlined word“chequered”in Paragraph2probably mean?A．Recent and remote.B．Good and bad.C．Usual and unusual.D．Peaceful and scary.33．Which of the following would the author agree?A．Policy-makers base their decisions on science.B．Researchers popularize science effectively.C．Science is well received among the public.D．The arts help people buildconnections.34．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?A．The Value of the Arts to Science B．Where Do Science and the Arts Meet?C．A New Way to Fight Pandemic—the Arts D．Which Matters More,Science or the Arts?四、七选五B．Toxic positivity also disrupts connection.C．It can harm people who are going through difficult times.D．This can come up in different situations when we are dealing with pressure.E．They become more intense and can cause long-lasting health concerns in the future.F．Experts say constant forced positivity can lead to the opposite,and have a negative effect.G．This is what we may bring on to ourselves by not allowing negative thoughts and feelings.五、阅读表达阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。

医疗问诊和看护工作英语表达

医疗问诊和看护工作英语表达一、概述在现代医疗体系中，医疗问诊和看护工作是非常重要的一环。

对于医护人员来说，熟练掌握相关的英语表达是必不可少的。

本文将介绍医疗问诊和看护工作中常见的英语表达，帮助医生和护士们提高专业水平。

二、医疗问诊常用英语表达1. Hello, I am Dr. Smith. What seems to be the problem today?您好，我是史密斯医生。

今天有什么问题？2. How long have you been experiencing these symptoms?您有这些症状多长时间了？3. Have you had any previous medical conditions or surgeries?您之前有过什么病史或手术吗？4. Are you currently taking any medication or supplements?您现在在服用任何药物或补充剂吗？5. Please describe the p本人n on a scale from 1 to 10.请用1到10的级别描述一下您的疼痛。

6. I would like to conduct a physical examination.我想要进行一次体格检查。

7. We may need to run some tests to further diagnose your condition.我们可能需要进行一些检测以进一步诊断您的病情。

8. Based on the results, we may need to consider surgery as an option.根据检测结果，我们可能需要考虑手术这个选项。

9. I will prescribe you some medication to alleviate thesymptoms.我将给您开一些药物来缓解症状。

广东省汕头市潮阳启声学校2023-2024学年高二下学期第一次月考英语试题

广东省汕头市潮阳启声学校2023-2024学年高二下学期第一次月考英语试题一、阅读理解Four Amusement Parks Near TorontoCanada’s WonderlandIt’s always exciting to find out the new experiences Canada’s largest amusement park will uncover. Visitors of all ages and interests are treated to endless adventures filled with wonder and excitement. From family-friendly rides to extremely exciting coasters, Canada’s Wonder-land has plenty of attractions for all levels of adventure.Centreville Amusement ParkFamilies with young children will enjoy a variety of kid friendly things to do at Centreville Amusement Park. It’s only a short ferry (渡船) ride across Toronto’s harbour to Centre Island’s Amusement Park. Nearby the park are beaches, trails and a small petting farm. You can also play mini-golf here.Fantasy FairEtobicoke’s Woodbine Mall is the home of Ontario’s largest indoor amusement park, where the midway attractions of games and rides are just steps away from shopping. Take a plane ride on the midway or hop aboard the ferris wheel (摩天轮). There are many activities and rides designed for small children. The large displays of dinosaurs will appeal to the younger kids and much more in this large indoor amusement park.Adventure VillageLocated in Hamilton’s Confederation Park, Adventure Village is a great open space to consume your energy. The one-hectare property features waterfalls, fish ponds and many fun activities for all ages. Kids will enjoy learning new skills. No need to worry about getting hungry. Big Al’s Cook House has you covered with a variety of selections on the menu.For more information, please click here.1．What can we know about Centreville Amusement Park?A．It provides mini golf.B．It is an indoor amusement park.C．It is Canada’s largest amusement park.D．It is part of Centre Island’s Amusement Park.2．Which park appeals to kids enjoying displays of dinosaurs?A．Canada’s Wonderland.B．Centreville Amusement Park.C．Fantasy Fair.D．Adventure Village.3．Where can you find the text?A．On a website.B．In a novel.C．In a magazine.D．In a brochure.A 99-year-old Australian swimmer appears to have broken a world record for his age group in the 50m freestyle. The likely new world record holder, George Corones, clocked 56.12 seconds at an official event in Queensland— a new benchmark for the 100-104 age category. He faded the previous record of 1:31. 19, which was set by British swimmer John Harrison in 2014, by 35 seconds. It will now be affirmed by the sports governing body.Corones, who is qualified for the record because he turns 100 in April, said he was “quite delighted” and “over the world” by the result. He said he had been overwhelmed by the “roaring” crowd on the Gold Coast on Wednesday. The event, in which he was the only entrant (新成员), had been specifically staged for him to challenge the record.Corones was a keen swimmer in his youth but only began to learn swimming again at the age of 80. He gave it up at the beginning of the World War II, and he didn’t think he would have a swim of any description until he retired. Then he started swimming again for exercise.Racing undeniably (不可否认的) challenged him physically, but it was manageable with preparation. On average he swims three times a week, and also fits in gym sessions. “At this age it takes a while to get going... you get exhausted much more easily, but if you do it properly, the rewards are astronomical,” he said.Corones will challenge the 100m freestyle record on Saturday night, believing he can beat the current mark of 03:23. 10, which was also set by Harrison.“I’m not a young man by any means, but I am really looking forward to it and confident I can do it very well,” he said.4．What is the author’s purpose of writing paragraph 1?A．To show who John Harrison is.B．To introduce the topic of the text.C．To emphasize the importance of age.D．To explain the reason for writing the text.5．What does the underlined word “astronomical” in paragraph 4 mean?A．Enormous.B．Original.C．Brief.D．Precise.6．What does Corones plan to do next?A．Prepare for his 100th birthday party.B．Challenge Harrison again.C．Celebrate his success.D．Challenge the 100 m backstroke.7．What does the author tell us by telling Corones’s story?A．It’s never too late to learn,B．He who laughs last laughs best.C．One good turn deserves another.D．Laziness in youth spells regret in old age.New research has found that people with mild cognitive impairment (认知损坏) may not necessarily develop dementia (痴呆) and, in fact, having higher education and advanced language skills more than doubles their chances of returning to normal.The study, led by researchers at the University of Waterloo, may reassure those with mild cognitive impairment as it contradicts a common assumption that the condition is simply an early stage of dementia. People with mild cognitive impairment show signs of cognitive decline, but not enough to prevent them from performing typical daily tasks. They have been considered at higher risk of progressing to the more severe cognitive decline seen in dementia.“Possessing high cognitive reserve, based on education, high academic grades, and written language skills, may predict what happens years after someone receives a diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment,” said Suzanne Tyas, a professor in the School of Public Health Sciences at Waterloo and lead author. “Even after considering age, genetics and established risk factors fordementia, we found that higher levels of education more than doubled the chances that people with mild cognitive impairment would return to normal cognition instead of progressing to dementia.”The study’s findings have meanings for treatment and research in people with mild cognitive impairment.“If individuals with higher cognitive reserve are more likely to improve even without treatment, then this needs to be taken into consideration when recruiting participants for clinical trials of prospective treatments and when interpreting the results of these trials,” Tyas said, adding there’s no cure for most causes of dementia, so prevention is key.8．About mild cognitive impairment, which is consistent with the study?A．It surely results in dementia.B．It is an early stage of dementia.C．It will stop people's daily action.D．It doesn’t surely lead to dementia.9．How is one’s cognitive reserve assessed?A．Through personal income.B．Through social frequency.C．Through his education.D．Through personal relationship.10．What is the most significant to do with dementia?A．Early prevention.B．Medical care.C．Proper cure.D．Specific medicine.11．What is the main idea of the text?A．People with cognitive impairment show cognitive decline.B．Age and genetics are established risk factors for dementia.C．A study focuses on the consequence of cognitive impairment.D．Higher education and language skills may help stop dementia.Researchers from The University of Queensland(UQ) have helped design an app to protect birds at risk of extinction across the world by breaking down language barriers between scientists. The Bird Language Diversity web app will help provide a “birds eye view”, ensuring vital information is shared to improve worldwide conservation.UQ’s Dr Pablo Negret said the research team analysed more than 10,000 bird species, and found that 1,587 species have 10 languages or more spoken within their distributions. “Scientificinformation on species can be spread across different languages, but valuable information can go missing or get lost in translation,” Dr Negret said. “Without enough sharing of information, this can affect the effectiveness of conservation measures.”Take the common bird pochard for example. It is classified as vulnerable species(易危种) and crosses 108 countries in Europe, Asia and north Africa, where a total of 75 official languages are spoken. The survival of the common pochard, and so many other species, depends on effective cooperation and policy agreements among people with diverse linguistic and cultural backgrounds.This app reveals where threatened and migratory birds(候鸟) exist geographically, in relation to the language spoken in those regions. “We hope the app will encourage researchers and conservation organisations to interact with their peers in other regions, especially if they speak different languages, and be a starting point to allow everyone to work together to protect threatened species,” Dr Negret said.Dr Tatsuya Amano, a researcher and the co-author of the paper, said this work could extend further than bird species. “Any species, whether they're mammals, amphibians(两栖动物), or plants, with a range crossing multiple countries will be impacted by language barriers, as well as species that migrate across different countries, such as marine species and butterflies,” he said. “The significance of the impact of poor communication on such an important issue is evident, and is the reason why we’re working hard to improve science communication across languages.”12．How can the app help scientists globally?A．By creating language barriers.B．By building language bridges.C．By sharing learning methods.D．By breaking down race barriers. 13．What is the function of adequate sharing of information?A．Ensuring the effectiveness of protective measures.B．Helping people know more about scientists' efforts.C．Spreading knowledge of the diversity of birds worldwide.D．Compromising the effectiveness of conservation measures.14．What is shown on the app?A．The producer of the app.B．The organizations involved.C．The location of endangered birds.D．The information of new geographers.15．What can be the best title for the text?A．Birds Protection Is an Urgency B．New Bird App Spreads Its WingsC．New Bird App Helps Learn Languages D．Poor Communication Impacts CooperationPreparations for Beginners Before Starting Tennis LessonsAs a beginner stepping into the world of tennis, it’s important to be well-prepared to make the most of your learning experience. Tennis is a physically and mentally challenging sport, but with the right mindset and preparation, you can set yourself upfor success. 16 .Get the Right Gear17 . A good tennis racket is essential—choose one that is lightweight, has a comfortable grip, and is suitable for your skill level. Additionally, wear proper footwear that provides support and stability on the court. Comfortable, breathable athletic clothing is a must, including moisture-wicking shirts and shorts or skirts. Don’t forget accessories like a tennis hat or visor, sunglasses, and sweatbands to protect yourself from the sun and keep sweat at bay.Learn the BasicsBefore stepping onto the court, familiarize yourself with the basic rules and terminologies(术语)of tennis. This includes understanding the layout of the court, how points are scored, and the different types of shots(forehand, backhand, volley and so on). 18 . It will build a strong foundation for your game.19Tennis is a physically demanding sport that requires strength, endurance, and agility(灵敏性). Prior to starting tennis lessons, engage in physical conditioning activities such as running, swimming, or cycling to improve your cardiovascular (心血管的) fitness. Incorporate strength training exercises targeting your core, legs, and upper body, as well as flexibility exercises like yoga or stretching.Develop Mental ToughnessMental preparation is just as important as physical preparation. 20 , and be mentally tough to bounce back from setbacks. Start practicing mindfulness techniques like deep breathing or visualization to develop mental resilience.A．Practice Physical ConditioningB．Find the Right Coach or ProgramC．Here are a few essential tips to help youD．First and foremost, invest in quality equipmentE．Tennis players need to remain calm and focused under pressureF．Knowing these basics will make it easier to follow along during lessonsG．It’s important to set achievable and realistic goals for your tennis journey二、完形填空“One person can make a difference” is one of those sayings that we teach youngsters. As adults, do we really believe this? Or is it a 21 just for young people? I am writing to tell you that 22 “one person can”, because one day a person did an act of 23 that changed my life and the lives of millions more. Almost 15 years ago, while driving, I was listening to a 24 interview and heard a story of selflessness and 25 . A woman had 26 ten winter coats through the Thanksgiving weekend crowds to 27 them at the One Warm Coat drive.She was only one person, yet it was her 28 that made me realize that there would always be a need for 29 coats and that more people would be able to donate if there were more drop off 30 .Now, nearly 15 years later, One Warm Coat has 31 the donation of over 4 million coats across the country. As the National Founder, I found my heart is full and 32 , knowing that we make a real 33 in the lives of thousands.So when you 34 to donate your time or give an item, perhaps you will wonder “Will it really 35 ?” I can tell you that it will!21．A．gift B．lesson C．truth D．blessing 22．A．hardly B．partly C．actually D．slightly 23．A．kindness B．forgiveness C．acceptance D．permission 24．A．job B．television C．radio D．newspaper 25．A．argument B．commitment C．competition D．cooperation 26．A．carried in B．turned over C．threw out D．put away27．A．sell B．donate C．wear D．change 28．A．action B．family C．determination D．idea 29．A．casual B．formal C．better D．more 30．A．schools B．locations C．hospitals D．banks 31．A．advertised B．delayed C．inspired D．refused 32．A．healthy B．heavy C．strong D．warm 33．A．decision B．impression C．promise D．difference 34．A．agree B．decide C．offer D．regret 35．A．matter B．succeed C．happen D．disappear三、语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

药物警戒与风险管理

The follow up of Th f ll fmedicines after medicines afterauthorisation:can we do better?In this talk:In this talk:2In this talk:In this talk:•Authorising medicines: what we know and what we don’t know3Authorising medicines: what we know andwhat we don’t know4Authorising medicines: what we know and what we don’t know5Type of Approval•Normal•Exceptional circumstancesCo d t o a pp o a()•Conditional Approval (NEW6Conditional vs Except. Circumst.••••The initial authorisation decision:Benefit RiskThe initial authorisation decision: Benefit The initial authorisation decision: Benefit--Risk balance is key8Risks BenefitsBenefit RiskBenefit Risk–a Continuous Process9In this talk:In this talk:•ExamplesE l10Historically: one Historically: one--off licensing…MAWarning,Withdrawal DHPCbacklashPhV, other Drug PhVsourcesDrug DevelopmentPhase11Now, often…a live Now, often…a live--licence approach.MAAmended MA/SmPC,Earlier(conditional?)Amended MA/SmPC,Communicate MACommunicateDrug PM PM--studies,PhVOutcomes ResearchDrugDevelopmentPhase12ExampleEvolution of Remicade(EU):EfficacyEvolution of Remicade (EU): Efficacy 199920002001200220032004200520062007200813 AugInitialMarketingAuthorisatio27 JuneExtension ofIndicationIndication::Adult29 JanChangeChange::Reduction inrate of17 MayChangeChange::Restriction ofthe Crohn’s15 MayExtension ofIndicationIndication::Ankylosing8 JuneChangeChange::Treatment ofMTX naïve29 SeptExtension ofIndicationIndication::Plaque28 FebExtension ofIndicationIndication::Ulcerative30 MayExtension ofIndication:Paediatric Crohn’s8 AprilChangeChange::Update oncolectomy,n RheumatoidArthritis(II(II--01)progression ofjoint damagein RA(II(II--04)diseaseindication(USR)spondylitis(II(II--24)20 Octpatients withearly RA(II(II--45)24SeptPsoriasis(II(II--61)Colitis(II(II--65)4 Julydisease(II(II--75)30 Octhospitalisationsand surgeriesin patients withUlcerativeChangeChange::Long termtreatment inCD(II(II--32)24 SeptExtension ofIndicationIndication::PsoriaticArthritisChangeChange::Use alone of incombinationwith MTX inPsoriaticArthritisChangeChange::Patients who did notrespond to therapyregardless ofHLAHLA--B27 status inAnkylosingColitis(II(II--107)(II(II--46)Arthritis(II(II--73)1 SeptExtension ofAnkylosingSpondylitis(II(II--95)30 NovIndication:From 3rd to2nd line inCrohn’sdiseaseChange:Improvementof physical functionand reduction ofrate of progression13(II(II--69)p gof structuraldamage in PsoriaticArthritis(II(II--100)ExampleE l ti f R i d(EU)S f tEvolution of Remicade (EU): SafetyEvolution of Remicade (EU): Safety --1 20002001200220032004Severe Infections TB education CHF DDL General DHPC DHPC HepatotoxicityGerman “deathscare”TB DHPCCD: 2nd to 3rd lineth PSUR interstitialpneumonitis/fibrosisSerum sickness,pericardial effusionPSUR6&7litiMalignanciesPSUR 9 Heart failureTB/infectionsAlert cardtherapySP commitment toCD and RA Registry FDA panel lymphomaPSUR 5 myelitis,anaemia hepatoPSUR 6 & 7 vasculitisDinv Letterhaematologcal AEDHPC Lymphomag y PSUR 3pancytopeniali t i i anaemia, hepatocellular damageAlcoholic hepatitisgDinv LetterTransaminaseslisteriosisp(study stopped)PSUR 8agranulocytosispancreatitis14pExampleEvolution of Remicade (EU):Safety Evolution of Remicade (EU): SafetyEvolution of Remicade (EU): Safety --220052006200720082009Pneumonia OpportunisticinfectionsReactivation of HBV (update), new onset Peripheraldemyelinating Hepatosplenic T Hepatosplenic T--cell lymphoma in patients Delayedhypersensitivity & Pneumocystis jiroveci Pneumonia(p ),psoriasis and pustular(palmar/plantar)i i diseasesTuberculosis (update, including with ulcerative colitisInvasive fungal infections (update)Hepatotoxicity Malignancies in COPD patientsHepatosplenic T Hepatosplenic T--cell lymphoma in paediatric/young adult psoriasisTuberculosis (update) &skin and toxic including extrapulmunary diseaseinfections (update)COPD patients p y g CD patients Malignancies (Update)& skin and toxic epidermal necrolysis,SJS and erythemamultiforme Infusion reactions, antibodies & infections in juvenile idiopathic Interstitial lung disease 15in juvenile idiopathic arthritis (no indication)ACOMPLIAB/R: the starting point…–BENEFITS–SAFETYCONCLUSIONS: BENEFITS outweigh RISKSACOMPLIA J l 2007ACOMPLIAB/R: the post B/R: the post--authorisationJuly 2007cases of suicidal ideation and suicidal attemptsBenefits still outweigh risks –Benefits still outweigh risks exceptExampleACOMPLIAACOMPLIAB/R: the post--authorisationB/R: the postOctober 2008–BENEFITS•BUTBUTterm treatment could compromise certain benefits seen in long--term studiesterm treatment could compromise certain benefits seen in long–RISKSACOMPLIAACOMPLIAB/R: the post--authorisationB/R: the postOctober 2008–BENEFITS vs RISKS? How to change B/R?•Difficult to identify patients at riskDifficult to identify patients at riskFurther restrictions to PI unlikely to reduce risk!BENEFITS NO LONGER OUTWEIGH RISKSSUSPENSION OF MARAPTIVAB/R: the starting point…–BENEFITS–SAFETYCONCLUSIONS:BENEFITS outweigh RISKS CONCLUSIONS: BENEFITS outweigh RISKS(in this restricted group of patients)RAPTIVARAPTIVAB/R: the post--authorisationB/R: the postSeptember 2008September 2008 ––January 2009progressive multifocal leukoencephalopatyi l if l l k h l(PML)Raptiva no longer only therapeutic option for these high-Raptiva no longer only therapeutic option for these highlapproved for use in moderate to severe psoriasisRAPTIVARAPTIVAB/R: the post--authorisationB/R: the postJanuary 2009–BENEFITS•BUT•AND–RISKS•INCLUDINGRAPTIVARAPTIVAB/R: the post--authorisationB/R: the postJanuary 2009–BENEFITS vs RISKS? How to change B/R?BENEFITS vs RISKS?How to change B/R?Further restrictions to PI unlikely to reduce risk!BENEFITS NO LONGER OUTWEIGH RISKSSUSPENSION OF MASUSPENSION OF MAIn this talk:In this talk:Current methods for post--authorisation •Current methods for postmonitoringit i24Current post authorisation monitoring25p gEnhanced pharmacovigilanceRisk Management PlanRisk Managementidentify, characterise, prevent or minimiseeffectiveness of those interventionsThe EU Risk Management PlanSafety specificationId tif what is knownIdentify:what is known what is not known DrugDiseaseTarget populationWho was studied?Natural history PharmacodynamicsPharmacokinetics How will it be used?Adverse event profile Who was studied?Who wasn’t studied?Risk factors?What events can weNatural history EpidemiologyWhat events occur as part of disease?Adverse event profileClass effects?Interactions?Level of confidence?What events can we expect in this population?as part of disease?Level of confidence?Important identified risksImportant potential risks I t t i i i f tiSafety concernsImportant missing informationThe EU Risk Management PlangSafety concernsIdentify and characterisePharmacovigilance PlanRoutine pharmacovigilance Additional PhV activities p gCollection of adrs Follow upSignal detection active surveillance case control studies cohort studiesAnalysisExpedited Reporting PSURs record linkage drug utilisation clinical trials clinical trialsPrePre--clinical studiesThe EU Risk Management PlanSafety concernsPrevent or minimise Evaluation of the need for risk minimisation Evaluation of the need for risk minimisationRoutine risk minimisation Legal statusPack size Additional Risk Minimisation activities Controlled distributionPack sizeSPCPackage leaflet Controlled distribution Educational material Patient alert cardP ti t it i dLabelling Patient monitoring cardTraining programmesRisk minimisation PlanRisk Management PlansRisk Management Plans from 01/09/2005 –31/07/2009Additional P itiRisk min activitiesRMPPositive Opinions37188260New Marketing P t th Authorisations 1175Post-auth.proceduresCurrent post authorisation monitoring •Effectiveness31In this talk:In this talk:•Added value of Europe3227 Member States 493 million people 23 Official languagesAdded value of Europe: some examples….34Added value of Europe: more examples….35Challenges of Challenges of Risk Minimisationi in EuropeIn this talk:In this talk:Strategy to strengthen post--authorisation S•Strategy to strengthen postmonitoring37St t t t th t th i tiStrategy to strengthen post Strategy to strengthen post--authorisation monitoring38New EU legislation coming……..39Focus on adverse reaction reporting F d ti tiand EudravigilanceEuropean p Network of Centres of Pharmacoepidemiology and PharmacovigilanceWhat is ENCePP ?European Network of Centres for Pharmacovigilance & Pharmacoepidemiology • ENCePP is an EMEA EMEA-led project to bring together the available expertise p and research experience p in the fields of PhEpi and PhV scattered across Europe in a Network of Excellence, comprising research and medicalmedical-care centres, healthcare databases, electronic registries and existing networks. • The aim is to further strengthen the postpost-authorisation monitoring g of medicinal products in Europe by y facilitating the conduct of high quality, multi multi-centre, independent post post-authorisation studies focusing on safety and db benefit:risk benefit:risk. fit i k.42ENCePP today - 2009• 88 partner organisations g • In 21 European countriesENCePP Ce 2009 009 – Implementation p e e tat oENCePP Research Standards & GuidanceWGTransparency & IndependenceWGWGENCePP CentresData Sources & Multi-source StudiesWGMinimum set of research standards & ChecklistCode of ConductFocus on centresFocus on data sourcesRegistry of post postauthorisation studiesENCePP SealInventory of ResourcesQualification Q as ‘ENCePP studies’Facilitate access to research resourcesCall No. 6:Strengthening g g the monitoring g of Benefit and RiskPROTECTPharmacoepidemiological Research on Outcomes of Therapeutics by a European ConsortiumInnovative Medicines Initiative2 Billion EURO1 Billion Euro 1 Billion EuroPublicPartnershipPrivate3EU PROTECT – funded by IMI – Coordinated by EMEA… improving the methodology of safety monitoring:–Better B tt collection ll ti of f data d t using i novel l methods th d –Better detection of signals –Better B tt evaluation l ti using i epidemiological id i l i l studies t di –Better evaluation on benefits and risksPROTECT• Call no 6 Led by the EMEA • Five year research programme • 20 million illi Euros E • 29 Partners– 17 Public – 12 Pharmaceutical Companies• 7 work packages– – – – – – – Project Management and Administration Framework for PhV & PhEpi studies M th d for Methods f SD & SE using i spontaneous t report t databases d t b New tools for data collection from consumers Benefit/risk integration and representation Proof of concept studies T i i and Training d communication i tiBeyond EU ….even more added valueStrengthening international collaboration50。

2024湖北省武汉市高三下学期5月模拟训练英语试题及答案

武汉市2024届高三年级5月模拟训练试题英语试卷武汉市教育科学研究院命制2024. 5. 22本试题卷共12页，67题。

全卷满分150分。

考试用时120分钟。

祝考试顺利注意事项：1. 答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。

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第一节(共5小题；每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分)听下面5A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

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每段对话仅读一遍。

例：How much is the shirt?9. 18.A. 19. 15. Β. C. 9. 15.答案是C。

1. How much will the man pay?A. $ 10.B. $ 18.C. $ 20.2. What does Ms. Jones do every day?A. Work overtime.B. Go jogging.C. Play tennis.3. What does the apartment lack according to the man?A. Machines.B. Furniture.C. Decorations.4. Where does the conversation probably take place?A. At a gas station.B. At a parking area.C. At a convenience store.5. What’s wrong with the man’s shirt?A. The size.B. The color.C. The material.第二节(共15小题，每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分)听下面5段对话或独白。

阿尔兹海默症诊断新标准

NEW CRITERIA AND GUIDELINES FOR THE DIAGNOSIS OF ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE PUBLISHED FOR FIRST TIME IN 27 YEARS- Research Agenda Suggested for Detecting Pre-Symptomatic Alzheimer’s –- New Alzheimer’s Definition Moves Researchers Closer to Early Detection and Intervention –CHICAGO, April 19, 2011 – For the first time in 27 years, new criteria and guidelines for the diagnosis of Alzheimer‟s disease have been published by three expert workgroups spearheaded by the Alzheimer‟s Association and the National Institut e on Aging (NIA) of the National Institutes of Health (NIH).The workgroups published four articles including ready-to-use clinical diagnostic criteria for Alzheimer‟s disease dementia and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) due to Alzheimer‟s. A research age nda was proposed for preclinical Alzheimer‟s. The use of biomarkers in Alzheimer‟s dementia and MCI due to Alzheimer‟s was also proposed as a research agenda only, and is not intended for application in clinical settings at this time.The articles – colle ctively, the National Institute on Aging/Alzheimer‟s Association Diagnostic Guidelines for Alzheimer‟s Disease –expand the definition of Alzheimer‟s to include two new phases of the disease: (1) presymptomatic and (2) mildly symptomatic but pre-dementia, along with (3) dementia caused by Alzheimer‟s. This reflects current thinking that Alzheimer‟s begins creating distinct and measurable changes in the brains of affected people years, perhaps decades, before memory and thinking symptoms are noticeable.“It is our hope that incorporating scientific knowledge gained and technological advances made over the past quarter century will improve current diagnosis, bring the field closer to earlier detection and treatment, and ultimately lead to effective disease-mo difying therapies,” said William Thies, Ph.D., Chief Medical and Scientific Officer at the Alzheimer‟s Association. “Development and publication of these articles is a major landmark in the field. That said, publication of these articles is not yet the end of the process of developing new diagnostic criteria for Alzheimer‟s, but is another major step in the process.”“The new guidelines reflect today‟s understanding of how key changes in the brain lead to Alzheimer‟s disease pathology and how they relate t o the clinical signs of mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer‟s disease dementia,” said Creighton Phelps, Ph.D., Program Director of the Alzheimer‟s Disease Centers Program at the National Institutes of Health. “We are also beginning to be able to detect these changes at a preclinical stage, long before symptoms appear in many people. With further research on biomarkers, as set forth in the new guidelines, we may ultimately be able to predict who is at risk for development of mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer‟s dementia, and who would benefit most as interventions are developed.”The proposed new Alzheimer‟s disease diagnostic guidelines were published online today by Alzheimer‟s & Dementia: The Journal of the Alzheimer‟s Association. Hard copy publication is scheduled for the May 2011 issue of the journal.Three Stages of Alzheimer’s DiseaseThe current diagnostic criteria for Alzheimer‟s*, for the most part, focus on reliable diagnosis when signs of problems in thinking, learning, and memory are noticeable to an individual, family, and friends. But research tells us that Alzheimer‟s likely begins years, maybe even decades, prior to symptoms appearing.The new articles refer to three phases of Alzheimer‟s disease progression over time: Preclinical Alzheimer‟s Disease– Measurable changes in biomarkers (such as brain imaging and spinal fluid chemistry) that indicate the very earliest signs of disease, before outward symptoms are visible. Currently, there are no clinical diagnostic criteria for this phase, but the group provides a scientific framework to help researchers better define this stage of Alzheimer‟s. (See supplement 5.)Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) due to Alzheimer‟s Disease– Mild changes in memory and thinking abilities, enough to be noticed and measured, but not impairment that compromises everyday activities and functioning. Dementia due to Alzheimer‟s Disease–Memory, thinking and behavioral symptoms that impair a person‟s ability to function in daily life. (For more details, see supplement 3.)According to the authors, in order to facilitate the possibility of future presymptomatic treatment of Alzheimer‟s, it was important to define the disease from the earliest changes in the brain, not only the observable, symptomatic stages of the disease. The authors propose that Alzheimer‟s begins with a long asymptomatic period during which detrimental changes are progressing in the brain, and individuals with biomarker evidence of these changes are at increased risk for developing cognitive and behavioral impairment and progression to Alzheimer‟s dementia.A biomarker is a naturally occurring, measurable substance or condition in the body that reliably indicates the presence or absence of disease or the risk of later developing a disease; for example, blood glucose levels are a biomarker of diabetes, and cholesterol levels are a biomarker of cardiovascular disease risk. Both fluid and imaging measures are being tested as possible biomarkers for Alzheimer‟s. (See supplement 4.)There was a broad consensus within the workgroups that much additional research needs to be done to validate the application of biomarkers as they are proposed in the newly-published articles. According to the authors, “The definitive studies … are likely to take more than a decade to fully accomplish. Thus, we must move quickly … and adjust our models and study designs as new data become available.”“If we can definitively determine the risk of developing Alzheimer‟s dementia in people who have biomarker evidence of brain changes but are not showing outward symptoms, we will open an important window of opportunity to intervene with disease-modifying therapies, once they are developed,” Thies said.“In addition, the new criteria give us powerful tools to accelerate our kno wledge in the fightagainst Alzheimer‟s disease. They give us guidelines for getting a more accurate assessment of Alzheimer‟s prevalence. In that way we can better assess the need for everything from research dollars to care services, to patient and caregiver education materials, to nursing home beds, to the number of gerontologists and nurses that we need. And, they give us a basis for creating the next generation of Alzheimer‟s treatments that will be effective in each stage of the disease,” Thies said.Moving the Field Toward Earlier Diagnosis and Treatment of Alzheimer’sThe Alzheimer‟s Association, in its 2010 report titled “Changing the Trajectory of Alzheimer‟s Disease: A National Imperative,” showed that a hypothetical intervention that delayed th e onset of Alzheimer‟s dementia by five years would result in a nearly 45 percent reduction in the number of people with Alzheimer‟s by 2050, and reduce the projected Medicare costs of Alzheimer‟s from $627 billion to $344 billion dollars.The authors of the newly-released articles write, “It is our hope that the advances in preclinical detection of Alzheimer‟s will enable earlier, more effective treatment, just as nearly all of therapeutic gains in cancer, cardiovascular disease, osteoporosis, and diabetes involve treatment before significant clinical symptoms are present. Screening and treatment programs instituted for other diseases … have already been associated with a decrease in mortality due to these conditions.”Thies adds, “Currently, Alzheimer‟s therapies are in development that may be able to slow or stop the progression of the disease. By improving early detection and risk evaluation, we will better be able to test potential therapies and eventually prescribe them for people at increased risk. Ultimately, this approach envisions for Alzheimer‟s what is now common practice in cardiovascular disease, where early signs of risk – for example, in genetic markers or in blood cholesterol and/or blood pressure levels –can be treated to reduce the likelihood of heart attack or stroke later on.”The challenge for Alzheimer‟s now is that there is currently no single, generally accepted way to identify the disease in the earliest stage – before symptoms are evident. It is hoped that the research agenda out lined in the new preclinical Alzheimer‟s article will correct this deficit.Presymptomatic Disease Detection and Treatment –Not a New Idea, Except in Alzheimer’sAccording to the authors, “The concept of a preclinical phase of disease should not be too foreign. Medical professionals readily acknowledge that cancer can be detected at the stage of …carcinoma in situ‟ and that hypercholesterolemia and atherosclerosis can result in narrowing of coronary arteries that is detectable prior to myocardial infarction. It is widely acknowledged that symptoms are not necessary to diagnose human disease. Type II diabetes, hypertension, renal insufficiency, and osteoporosis are frequently detected through laboratory tests, and effective treatment can prevent the emerge nce of symptoms.”“We should be open to the idea that Alzheimer‟s could one day be diagnosed preclinically by the presence of biomarker evidence, which may eventually guide therapy prior to the onset of symptoms. We treat people with diabetes, elevated cholesterol, hypertension and a variety of other illnesses – we do not wait for strokes, heart attacks or other long term complications that we know will occur in significant numbers of those affected. Similarly, our intention is to use these criteria to bet ter determine an individual‟s risk of developing Alzheimer‟s disease. This diagnostic research will help us discover the drugs of the future and prepare for the day when we can administer them to those at risk in order to prevent or delay the emergence of symptoms,” wrote the authors.What Was PublishedThe proposed new diagnostic criteria and research agenda for Alzheimer‟s disease are presented in three documents, plus an introduction.One workgroup updated the 1984 diagnostic criteria for the dementia due to Alzheimer‟s disease. Guy McKhann, M.D., Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, and David Knopman, M.D., Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn., co-chaired this panel.A second workgroup focused on refining the criteria for the symptomatic, pre-dementia phase, referred to as Mild Cognitive Impairment due to Alzheimer‟s disease. Marilyn Albert, Ph.D., Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, chaired this workgroup.The third workgroup proposed a research agenda (NOT criteria for clinical diagnosis; this is an important distinction. See supplement 4.) for the asymptomatic, preclinical phase of Alzheimer‟s. Reisa Sperling, M.D, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, chaired this group.The introduction prov ides an overview of the changes that have occurred in the Alzheimer‟s field since the first diagnostic criteria were published in 1984, and outlines future challenges that need to be addressed. Clifford Jack, M.D., Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn., is lead author of this article.Preliminary recommendations were announced in July 2010 at the Alzheimer‟s Association International Conference on Alzheimer‟s Disease (AAICAD). These early drafts were then made available for comment on the Alzheimer‟s Association w ebsite, along with further presentation and discussion at a variety of medical and scientific meetings.The three sets of recommendations differ in terms of relevance to current clinical practice. The clinical diagnostic criteria for Alzheimer‟s dementia and MCI due to Alzheimer‟s are intended to guide diagnosis in the current clinical setting, such as a doctor‟s office, including settings where no access to testing for biomarkers exists.The use of biomarkers in both Alzheimer‟s dementia and MCI due to Alzheimer‟s disease is intended only for research at this time. However, some biomarkers, especially those using advanced imaging techniques, could enter clinical practice in the near future, though much remains to be learned about their utility in this sett ing.The recommendations of the preclinical Alzheimer‟s workgroup are intended for research purposes only, and do not have any clinical utility at this time.A fourth workgroup has been organized to examine the postmortem, pathological criteria for Alzheim er‟s. The results of their deliberations are expected to appear later in 2011.27年内首次出版发行的阿尔茨海默病诊断的新标准和指南–-研究建议检测症状前的阿尔茨海默病-新的阿尔茨海默病的定义促使研究者进行阿尔茨海默病早期的筛查和干预-2011年4月19日，以阿尔茨海默病协会和国立卫生院(NIH)的国家老年研究所(NIA)为先锋的三个专家工作组在芝加哥于27年内首次发布了诊断阿尔茨海默病的新标准和指南。

2024年教师资格之中学英语学科知识与教学能力题库与答案

2024年教师资格之中学英语学科知识与教学能力题库与答案单选题（共45题）1、Which of the following words does not contain a fricative?A.fiveB.changeC.showD.three【答案】 B2、Which of the following words has the proper word stressA.e'conomicB.'machinery,C.chimpan'zeeD.'precarious【答案】 C3、It was such a (an) __________ when they met each other in Beijing because each thought that theother was still in Hong Kong.A.occurrenceB.chanceC.coincidenceD.occasion【答案】 C4、Passage 2A.the new book written by Fred KruppB.how America can fight against global warmingC.the harmful effects of global warmingD.how America can tide over economic crisis【答案】 B5、"What awareness understanding are they expected to develop? "A.ability aimsB.affect aimsC.cultural aimsD.knowledge aims【答案】 C6、The_______is designed according to the morphological and syntactic aspects of a language.A.structural syllabusB.situational syllabusC.skill-based syllabusD.content-based syllabus【答案】 A7、What is the teacher doing in terms of error correction?A.Helping students do self-correctionB.Indirect correctionC.Tolerating correctionD.Encouraging students do peer correction【答案】 B8、Which of the following is NOT true about the assessment in language teaching?A.Testing does not equate with assessmentB.Summative assessment focuses on the process of learningC.The students themselves should be given the chance to evaluate their own performanceD.Assessment means to discover what the learners know and can do at certain stage of the learning process【答案】 B9、What activities are not appropriate for developing the skill of reading for gist?A.Reading a text quickly and writing a summaryB.Reading a text quickly and choosing the best titleC.Reading a text quickly and analyse its discourse patternsD.Reading a text quickly and then telling what it is mainly about【答案】 C10、请阅读短文，完成此题。

新型冠状病毒肺炎严重程度的危险因素分析

临床肺科杂志2021年1月第26卷第1期139新型冠状病毒肺炎严重程度的危险因素分析倪力1邓雪梅2 *789黄勉2俞烽1张锋英1dol ：10. 3969/j. iso. 1009 - 6663.2021.01.031作者单位：1.200060上海，上海市普陀区人民医院2.430060湖北武汉，武汉市第三医院光谷院区通信作者：张锋英，E-mail : zhangfy74@ sins. com[4]陈育，刘东.多层螺旋CT 对薄壁囊腔型肺癌诊断的影像学征象特点分析* J ].中国医学装备,2018,15(2) ：61 -65.[ 5 ] CUO JT ,LIANG CY , SUN Y , etae.Lungcanceepeesentingasthin-wa e d cysts ： an anaeysisoe15 casesand eeeiewoeeiteeatuee[J ] .Asia Pae J Clin Oncol ,2016,12( 1) : e105-e112.[ 6] WESTD ,NICHOLSONAG ,GOLQUHOUNI ,etae.Beonchioeoae-eeoeaecaecinomain congenitaecysticadenomatoid maeeoemation oelung * J ]. Ann Thorve Suy ,2007 ,83(2) ：687 -689.[7] 冯会,时高峰.55例囊腔类肺癌的CT 表现及病例分析* J ] •中国肿瘤临床,2019,46(21) ：1117-1120.[8] 于晶,王亮,伍建林，等•周围型肺癌伴薄壁空腔的CT 表现与征象分析* J ] •中华放射学杂志,2015,49(2) ：99 -102.[9] 刘琳，赵绍宏,张艺军•肺内含囊腔的肿瘤性病变多层螺旋CT影像特征与病理对照分析[J ] •实用医学影像杂志,2017,18【摘要】目的探讨新型冠状病毒肺炎疾病严重程度的相关危险因素。

面试对话,面试职业是康复治疗师,英语作文

面试对话,面试职业是康复治疗师,英语作文全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇1Interview Dialogue: Occupational TherapistInterviewer: Good morning, thank you for coming in for the interview. Can you please introduce yourself and share a bit about your background?Candidate: Good morning, thank you for having me. My name is Sarah and I have a Bachelor's degree in Occupational Therapy. I have been working as an Occupational Therapist for the past five years in various clinical settings, including hospitals and rehabilitation centers.Interviewer: That's impressive. What motivated you to become an Occupational Therapist?Candidate: I have always been passionate about helping others and making a difference in their lives. I believe that every individual, regardless of their physical or mental abilities, deserves the opportunity to lead a fulfilling and independent life. Occupational therapy allows me to work with clients to help them achieve their goals and improve their quality of life.Interviewer: That's a great outlook to have. Can you tell me about a challenging case you have worked on and how you addressed it?Candidate: One challenging case that comes to mind is a young adult who had suffered a traumatic brain injury in a car accident. He had difficulty with his motor skills, memory, and emotional regulation. I developed a customized treatment plan that focused on cognitive rehabilitation, sensory integration, and emotional coping strategies. It was a long and challenging process, but seeing him make progress and regain his independence was incredibly rewarding.Interviewer: That sounds like a gratifying experience. How do you stay current with the latest advancements in Occupational Therapy?Candidate: I make it a priority to attend conferences, workshops, and seminars to stay updated on the latest research and advancements in the field. I also participate in online courses and engage in professional development activities to enhance my knowledge and skills.Interviewer: That's commendable. How do you handle difficult situations or conflicts with clients or colleagues?Candidate: Communication is key in resolving conflicts or difficult situations. I believe in open and honest dialogue, active listening, and empathy. I always try to understand the perspective of the other party and work towards finding a mutually beneficial solution. Building trust and rapport with clients and colleagues is crucial in maintaining positive relationships.Interviewer: That's a great approach. What are your strengths as an Occupational Therapist?Candidate: I believe my strengths lie in my empathy, patience, and creativity. I am able to connect with clients on a personal level, understand their needs and goals, and develop innovative treatment plans that cater to their individual needs. I am also a strong advocate for my clients, ensuring that they receive the best care and support to help them achieve their maximum potential.Interviewer: Thank you for sharing that. Lastly, why do you want to work at our clinic?Candidate: I have heard great things about your clinic's commitment to providing high-quality care and innovative therapy solutions. I am excited about the opportunity to work alongside a team of dedicated professionals who share the samepassion for helping others. I believe that my skills and experience would be a valuable addition to your team, and I am eager to contribute to the clinic's mission of improving the lives of our clients.Interviewer: Thank you for your thoughtful responses. We will be in touch soon regarding the next steps in the interview process. Thank you for your time and good luck.Candidate: Thank you for the opportunity. I look forward to hearing from you. Have a great day!篇2Interviewer: Good morning, thank you for coming in today for the interview. Can you please introduce yourself and tell us about your qualifications for the position of a rehabilitation therapist?Candidate: Good morning, thank you for having me. My name is Sarah and I have a Bachelor's degree in Rehabilitation Therapy from the University of XYZ. I also have completed a certification in Physical Therapy and have a year of clinical experience working with patients in need of rehabilitation.Interviewer: That's impressive. What motivated you to pursue a career in rehabilitation therapy?Candidate: I have always had a passion for helping others and making a positive impact on people's lives. I believe that rehabilitation therapy is a field where I can truly make a difference in the lives of individuals who are recovering from injuries or disabilities.Interviewer: Can you tell us about a challenging case you have worked on in the past and how you handled it?Candidate: One particular case that stands out to me is when I worked with a patient who had a severe spinal cord injury and was struggling to regain mobility. I collaborated with a team of healthcare professionals to develop a customized rehabilitation plan for the patient, focusing on strengthening exercises and adaptive techniques. It was a challenging process, but seeing the patient make progress and regain some independence was incredibly rewarding.Interviewer: How do you stay updated on the latest developments in the field of rehabilitation therapy?Candidate: I make sure to attend seminars, workshops, and conferences on a regular basis to stay current with the latest advancements in rehabilitation therapy. I also subscribe to professional journals and publications to keep myself informed about new research and techniques in the field.Interviewer: What do you think are the key qualities that a successful rehabilitation therapist should possess?Candidate: I believe that empathy, patience, and strong communication skills are essential qualities for a rehabilitation therapist. It is important to build trust with patients, understand their individual needs, and provide them with support and encouragement throughout their rehabilitation journey.Interviewer: Thank you for your insights. Finally, why do you think you are the best candidate for this position?Candidate: I believe that my education, clinical experience, and passion for helping others make me a strong candidate for this position. I am committed to providing the best possible care for my patients and working collaboratively with a team to achieve positive outcomes in rehabilitation therapy.Interviewer: Thank you for your time and for sharing your experiences with us. We will be in touch regarding the next steps in the hiring process.Candidate: Thank you for the opportunity. I look forward to the possibility of joining your team and contributing to the success of your rehabilitation therapy program.篇3As a rehabilitation therapist, conducting interviews is a crucial aspect of the job. This dialogue aims to provide an insight into the process of interviewing a potential candidate for a rehabilitation therapist position.Interviewer: Good morning, thank you for coming in for the interview today.Candidate: Go od morning, it’s my pleasure to be here.Interviewer: Let’s start by discussing your educational background. Can you tell me about your experience and training in rehabilitation therapy?Candidate: Sure, I have a bachelor’s degree in Rehabilitation Science and a master’s degree in Occupational Therapy. I have also completed several internships at rehabilitation centers where I gained hands-on experience working with patients.Interviewer: That’s impressive. Can you give me an example of a challenging case you have worked on and how you approached the treatment?Candidate: Of course. One of the most challenging cases I worked on was a stroke patient who had lost mobility in one side of their body. I developed a personalized treatment plan thatfocused on improving their range of motion and motor skills through exercises and activities. It took time and patience, but eventually, the patient was able to regain some of their lost functionality.Interviewer: That’s great to hear. How do you han dle difficult patients who may not be cooperative during the therapy sessions?Candidate: I believe building a strong rapport with the patient is essential in such situations. I always make an effort to understand their concerns and involve them in the treatment process. By showing empathy and compassion, I have found that even the most resistant patients can be motivated to participate in therapy.Interviewer: How do you stay updated on the latest research and advancements in rehabilitation therapy?Candidate: I regularly attend conferences, workshops, and seminars to expand my knowledge and skills. I also subscribe to professional journals and stay connected with colleagues in the field to exchange ideas and best practices.Interviewer: That’s commendable. Lastly, why do you want to work as a rehabilitation therapist and what motivates you in this profession?Candidate: I have always been passionate about helping others and making a positive impact on their lives. Being a rehabilitation therapist allows me to use my skills and expertise to assist individuals in overcoming physical and emotional challenges. The satisfaction of witnessing my patients progress and regain independence is what motivates me every day.Interviewer: Thank you for your time and sharing your insights with us. We will be in touch regarding the next steps of the recruitment process.Candidate: Thank you for the opportunity. I look forward to the possibility of joining your team as a rehabilitation therapist.In conclusion, conducting interviews for a rehabilitation therapist position involves assessing the candidate’s qualifications, experience, interpersonal skills, and motivation for the profession. This dialogue exemplifies the importance of selecting a candidate who is not only knowledgeable but also compassionate and dedicated to helping patients achieve their rehabilitation goals.。

questionnaire for docter(医生深度访谈大纲)

How about the percentage of patients using analgesic drugs in all outpatients?
Q3
What are common treatment methods for those patients who need relief of pains, such as physical method, surgical method, medicinal method, and etc.? And also, what are the percentages of different treatment methods?
Tel
Interviewee
InterviewOutline (Note:Questions foranti-inflammatory and antipyretic drugs are similar)
Q1
What are the commonlyused analgesicplasters?
Q2
Warm-up
Introduction of Sinotrust Management Consulting Ltd.
Interview purpose:To learn the current clinical status ofanalgesic, anti-inflammatory and antipyretic drugs in hospital
Relevant informationofproducts.
This discussion would last for about 2 hours with high confidentiality.
Expert’s category

高中英语冀教版选择性必修第二册Unit2Let'sTalkMusic!Section3UsingEn

一、完形填空文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文。

文中叙述了一个名叫Samuel Osmond的音乐天才。

他在不会读乐谱的情况下，能把听到的乐曲弹奏出来。

他的记忆力好，不仅能记住乐曲，听到的故事也能复述。

1. Samuel Osmond is a 19-year-old law student from Cornwall, England. He never studied the _______. However, he can play very difficult musical pieces by musicians such as Chopin and Beethoven just a few minutes after he hears them. Two years ago, he _______his first piece Moonlight Sonata (奏鸣曲) by Beethoven. He _______ everyone around him. Amazed that he remembered this long and difficult piece of music and played it _______ music teachers said his ability was very rare. Music teachers told him he should study music instead. Now, he _______law and music. Samuel can’t _______why everyone is so surprised. “I _______with music. My mother played the piano and my father played the guitar. About two years ago, I suddenly decided to start playing the piano, without being able to read music and without having any music _______. It comes easily to me — I hear the notes (音符) and can bear them in _______—each and every note.” says Samuel.Recently, Samuel performed a piece during a special event at his college. The_______were impressed by his amazing performance._______, Samuel’s ability to remember things doesn’t stop with music. His family says that even when he was a young boy, Samuel _______ someone read a story, and thenhe could retell the _______word for word.As a teenager, he doesn’t know what he wants to do in the _______. For now, he is just happy to play beautiful music and _______his studies.1.A．song B．piano C．guitar D．law2.A．played B．acted C．spotted D．enjoyed3.A．worried B．delighted C．attracted D．surprised4.A．perfectly B．roughly C．simply D．nearly5.A．studies B．likes C．appreciates D．knows6.A．wonder B．understand C．explain D．explore7.A．turned up B．brought up C．showed up D．grew up8.A．questions B．advantages C．lessons D．plans9.A．mind B．heart C．head D．soul10.A．lawyers B．singers C．musicians D．audiences11.A．Thus B．Therefore C．However D．Instead12.A．learned B．heard C．taught D．caught13.A．pieces B．note C．story D．text14.A．life B．career C．way D．future15.A．trust B．realize C．continue D．end二、阅读选择(阅读理解)文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。

医博士英语试题及答案

医博士英语试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. Which of the following is not a type of chronic disease?A. HypertensionB. DiabetesC. InfluenzaD. Arthritis2. The term "pandemic" refers to:A. A global outbreak of a diseaseB. A local outbreak of a diseaseC. An epidemic that is confined to a regionD. A disease that affects a single species3. The abbreviation "WHO" stands for:A. World Health OrganizationB. World Health OrganizationalC. World Health OfficialsD. World Health Order4. What is the primary function of the liver?A. To filter bloodB. To produce insulinC. To secrete bileD. To regulate body temperature5. The correct medical term for a broken bone is:A. FractureB. RuptureC. LacerationD. Sprain6. Which of the following is not a symptom of the common cold?A. CoughB. FeverC. HeadacheD. All of the above are symptoms7. The abbreviation "MRI" stands for:A. Magnetic Resonance ImagingB. Medical Radiology ImagingC. Medical Research InstituteD. Magnetic Resonance Indicator8. Which organ is responsible for the production of red blood cells?A. HeartB. LungsC. LiverD. Bone marrow9. The term "vaccination" is associated with:A. The treatment of diseasesB. The prevention of diseasesC. The diagnosis of diseasesD. The spread of diseases10. The abbreviation "AIDS" stands for:A. Acquired Immune Deficiency SyndromeB. Acute Inflammatory Disease SyndromeC. Acquired Infectious Disease SyndromeD. Acute Immune Deficiency Syndrome二、填空题（每题1分，共10分）11. The _______ is the study of the structure and function of the body.12. A person who specializes in treating diseases of the heart is known as a _______.13. The process of healing after an injury is called _______.14. The _______ is the largest organ of the body.15. The _______ is the study of the causes and effects of diseases.16. A person who specializes in the study of the brain is known as a _______.17. The _______ is the process by which the body gets rid of waste products.18. The _______ is the study of the causes and prevention of diseases.19. The _______ is the process of diagnosing a disease.20. The _______ is the study of the effects of drugs onliving organisms.三、简答题（每题5分，共30分）21. Explain the difference between a virus and a bacterium.22. What is the purpose of a clinical trial in medical research?23. Describe the role of the immune system in the body.24. What are the steps involved in the process of genetic inheritance?四、论述题（每题15分，共30分）25. Discuss the importance of preventive healthcare in maintaining public health.26. Analyze the impact of modern technology on the field of medical diagnostics.五、案例分析题（每题10分，共10分）27. A patient presents with symptoms of fatigue, weight loss, and a persistent cough. Based on these symptoms, what could be the possible diagnosis, and what further tests might be required to confirm the diagnosis?答案：一、选择题1. C2. A3. A4. C5. A6. D7. A8. D9. B 10. A二、填空题11. Anatomy 12. Cardiologist 13. Regeneration 14. Skin 15. Etiology 16. Neurologist 17. Excretion 18. Epidemiology 19. Diagnosis 20. Pharmacology三、简答题21. A virus is a small infectious agent that can only replicate inside the living cells of an organism, while a bacterium is a single-celled organism that can live independently and reproduce by binary fission.22. Clinical trials are conducted to determine the safety and effectiveness of medical interventions, including drugs, devices, and therapies.23. The immune system defends the body against infections and diseases by identifying and eliminating harmful substances orpathogens.24. Genetic inheritance involves the process of passing genes from parents to offspring, including the replication of DNA, the separation of chromosomes during cell division, and。

小学下册F卷英语第三单元自测题

小学下册英语第三单元自测题英语试题一、综合题(本题有100小题，每小题1分，共100分.每小题不选、错误，均不给分)1.What do we call a baby seal?A. PupB. CalfC. KidD. ChickA Pup2.The ________ was a significant period in the evolution of human rights.3.He is playing in the ___. (sandbox)4.The chemical formula for lawrencium oxide is ______.5.How do you say hello in Spanish?A. BonjourB. CiaoC. HolaD. Guten TagC6.I can ______ (保持) a clear vision of my goals.7.What do we call a person who studies anthropology?A. AnthropologistB. SociologistC. ArchaeologistD. All of the above8.The _______ (Fourteenth Amendment) grants citizenship to all born in the US.9.I have a _____ (拼图游戏) at home.10.What is the name of the famous desert in Africa?A. MojaveB. SaharaC. GobiD. KalahariB Sahara11. A _____ (植物监测) program helps track plant health.12.The butterfly emerges from its _______ as a beautiful insect.13.What do we call the study of weather?A. BiologyB. AstronomyC. MeteorologyD. EcologyC Meteorology14. A solid has a ______ shape.15.I believe that practice makes _______ (完美). I will keep trying to improve my_______ (技能).16.The ____ is a small mammal that loves to dig in the dirt.17.What is the main ingredient in French fries?A. PotatoB. CornC. RiceD. WheatA18.I enjoy _______ (绘画) landscapes.19.The city of Bandar Seri Begawan is the capital of _______.20.The _______ of a chemical reaction tells us what happens to the substances. (机制)21.I see a _____ (tree/bush) in the yard.22.Our garden is home to many ______ (昆虫).23.What is the main ingredient in guacamole?A. TomatoB. AvocadoC. BananaD. PepperB24.What is the first letter of the alphabet?A. BB. CC. AD. DC A25.She likes to _____ books. (read/write/eat)26.What do you use to measure time?A. RulerB. ScaleC. ClockD. ThermometerC27.Which animal is known for its ability to swim well?A. CamelB. FishC. HorseD. LionB28.The chemical formula for sodium sulfate is _______.29.What do we celebrate on July 4th in the USA?A. ThanksgivingB. Independence DayC. New Year's EveD. HalloweenB30.What animal is known for having a long neck?A. ElephantB. GiraffeC. TigerD. Kangaroo31. A _______ can measure the temperature of a gas.32.I saw a _____ (小兔) hopping around in the garden.33.The _______ of a candle flame produces light.34.What is the capital of the Turks and Caicos Islands?A. Grand TurkB. ProvidencialesC. South CaicosD. North CaicosA35.The ______ helps with the immune system.36.We need to water the _____ (植物) every day.37.The __________ (历史的启蒙) sparks change.38.The __________ (历史的启迪) sparks curiosity.39.The temperature at which a gas condenses into a liquid is its ______ point.40.The capital of Suriname is ________ (巴拉马里博).41.The first nuclear power plant opened in _______.42.The _____ (珍稀植物) need special attention.43.ers open up in the morning and ______ at night. (有些花在早晨开放，晚上闭合。

2024年全国医学考博英语写作常用词汇

2024年全国医学考博英语写作常用词汇全文共10篇示例，供读者参考篇1Wow! Hi everyone, I'm so excited to talk to you about the common vocabulary and phrases we need to know for the 2024 National Medical entrance exam in China! Let's dive right in!First up, we have the word "diagnosis," which means figuring out what's wrong with a patient. It's super important for doctors to make the right diagnosis so they can give the right treatment.Next, we have "vaccine," which is a shot that helps your body fight off diseases. Vaccines are really cool because they teach your immune system how to protect you from getting sick.Another word you'll need to know is "anesthesia," which is medicine that makes you sleepy or numb so you don't feel pain during surgery. Anesthesia is like a superpower for doctors because it helps patients stay comfortable during procedures.And let's not forget about "clinical trials," which are research studies that test new treatments to see if they're safe and effective. Clinical trials are a big deal in the medical worldbecause they help us learn more about how to treat different diseases.Last but not least, we have "healthcare provider," which is just a fancy way of saying someone who takes care of your health. Healthcare providers can be doctors, nurses, or other professionals who help you stay healthy.So there you have it, some of the most important words and phrases you'll need to know for the 2024 National Medical entrance exam. Good luck studying, and remember to stay curious and keep learning!篇2Hey guys! Today, let's talk about some common phrases and words that we can use in the National Medical Doctoral Entrance Exam in 2024. It's gonna be super helpful for all of us, so let's get started!First off, let's talk about some common medical terms that we might encounter in the exam. For example, "diagnosis" means figuring out what's wrong with a patient, "symptoms" are the signs that show someone is sick, and "treatment" is how we help someone get better. Remember these words becausethey're gonna be super important in the exam!Next, let's talk about some phrases that we can use in our writing. For example, if we want to talk about the importance of exercise, we can say "regular physical activity is crucial for maintaining good health." Or if we want to talk about the benefits of a healthy diet, we can say "eating a balanced diet is essential for overall well-being." These phrases will make our writing sound super professional and impressive!Lastly, let's talk about some words we can use to link our ideas together in our essays. For example, we can use "furthermore" to add more information, "however" to show a contrast in our points, and "in conclusion" to wrap up our ideas. These words will help us structure our essays and make them super easy to read and understand.So there you have it, guys! Some common phrases and words that we can use in the National Medical Doctoral Entrance Exam in 2024. Remember to practice using them in your writing, and you'll be sure to ace the exam! Good luck, everyone!篇3Hello everyone, I am a primary school student and I want to share with you some common medical vocabulary for theNational Medical Doctorate Examination in 2024. Are you ready? Let's start!First, let's talk about some common medical terms. For example, "anatomy" means the study of the structure of the body, "physiology" means the study of how the body works, and "pathology" means the study of disease.Now, let's move on to some common medical conditions. "Hypertension" is high blood pressure, "diabetes" is a condition where your body can't regulate blood sugar properly, and "asthma" is a condition that makes it hard to breathe.Next, let's talk about some common medical treatments. "Surgery" is when a doctor operates on you to fix a problem, "medication" is when you take medicine to treat a condition, and "physical therapy" is when you do exercises to help your body recover from an injury.Finally, let's talk about some common medical professionals.A "doctor" is someone who treats patients, a "nurse" helps doctors take care of patients, and a "surgeon" is a doctor who specializes in operations.I hope you found these medical terms useful for the National Medical Doctorate Examination in 2024. Remember to study hard and good luck on the exam! Thank you for listening!篇4Title: My Dream of Becoming a DoctorHi everyone! My name is Amy and I want to tell you all about my dream of becoming a doctor. I’m in grade 5 now and I love learning about science and helping people. That’s why I want to study medicine when I grow up.In 2024, there is a big medical exam called the National Medical Doctor Examination. It’s really tough and only the smartest and hardest worki ng students can pass it. But I’m not afraid! I’m going to study really hard and do my best to pass the exam.To become a doctor, you need to know a lot of things. You have to learn about how the body works, what different diseases are, and how to treat them. You also have to have a good heart and be kind to your patients. I think I can do all of these things because I love helping people and making them feel better.I know it will be a long journey to become a doctor, but I’m willing to work hard and never give up on my dream. I want to make my family proud and show everyone that a little girl like me can become a doctor one day.So wish me luck, everyone! I’m going to study hard, pass the National Medical Doctor Examination, and make my dream of becoming a doctor come true. Thank you for listening to my story. I hope one day you will come to me when you’re sick and I can help you get better. Bye for now!篇5Oh my goodness, can you believe it? I just finished the National Medical Entrance Exam for my postgraduate studies in 2024! It was super tough but I managed to survive haha! I want to share with you all the common medical English writing phrases that helped me ace the exam.First of all, in the introduction of your essay, you can start with phrases like "In recent years, there has been a growing concern about..." or "It is widely acknowledged that..." These phrases can help you set the context of your topic and make your introduction more interesting.When you are presenting your argument or providing evidence, you can use phrases like "According to the research conducted by...," "It is evident that...," or "It can be concluded that..." These phrases will make your arguments more convincing and establish your credibility as a writer.If you want to offer a contrasting viewpoint or emphasize a particular point, you can use phrases like "On the contrary," "However," or "Nevertheless." These phrases will help you present a balanced view and address different perspectives on the topic.In the conclusion of your essay, you can use phrases like "In conclusion," "To sum up," or "In summary." These phrases will help you wrap up your argument and leave a lasting impression on the reader.Remember, practice makes perfect! Make sure to use these phrases in your writing and you'll be on your way to acing the National Medical Entrance Exam too! Good luck, future doctors!篇6Hey guys, have you ever thought about becoming a doctor in the future? It's super cool because you get to help sick people and make them feel better! And guess what, in 2024, there's abig exam in China called the National Medical PhD English Writing Exam. It's like a super important test for people who want to become doctors, and you have to write a lot of stuff in English. So, I'm gonna tell you some super useful words and phrases that you can use in your writing!First, let's talk about some common medical vocab. Like "diagnosis," which means figuring out what's wrong with a patient. Or "treatment," which is how you make a sick person feel better. And don't forget "symptoms," which are the things that show someone might be sick.Next, we have some words for writing about research. Like "study," which means looking at something closely to learn more about it. And "evidence," which is proof that something is true. You can also use "findings" to talk about what you discovered in your research.Oh, and don't forget to use some linking words to make your writing flow better! Like "in addition," "however," and "on the other hand." These words help connect your ideas and make your writing easier to understand.So, guys, remember these words and phrases for the exam, and you'll do great! Good luck, future doctors!篇7Hello everyone! Today I want to tell you about some common medical terms that you might hear when you are studying for the National Medical Doctorate Exam in 2024. These terms are important for you to know, so let's get started!First up, we have "virus". A virus is a tiny organism that can make you sick. It can cause things like the flu or the common cold. Doctors study viruses to learn how to treat and prevent them.Next, let's talk about "bacteria". Bacteria are tiny creatures that can also make you sick. They can cause infections like strep throat or food poisoning. Doctors use antibiotics to kill bacteria and help you get better.Another important term is "immune system". Your immune system is like your body's army. It fights off germs and keeps you healthy. Eating healthy foods and getting enough sleep can help keep your immune system strong.Now, let's discuss "surgery". Surgery is when a doctor has to operate on your body to fix a problem. It can be scary, but doctors are trained to keep you safe and make sure you feel better.Lastly, let's talk about "medicine". Medicine is what doctors give you to help you feel better. It can be pills, shots, or even creams. Always listen to your doctor and take your medicine as directed.I hope this helps you understand some common medical terms for the National Medical Doctorate Exam in 2024. Good luck studying, and remember to always take care of your health!篇8Hey guys, today I want to talk about some common terms and phrases you might come across when studying for the National Medical Postgraduate Entrance Examination in 2024. Let's have some fun learning together!1. Medical Research: This is when doctors and scientists study diseases and their treatments to help improve patient care.2. Clinical Trials: These are studies where new treatments are tested on patients to see if they are safe and effective.3. Evidence-Based Medicine: This means that the treatments doctors give to patients are based on scientific evidence rather than just their personal experience.4. Patient-Centered Care: This is when doctors focus on the needs and preferences of their patients to provide the best possible care.5. Medical Ethics: These are guidelines that help doctors make ethical decisions in their practice, such as respecting patient confidentiality and always acting in the patient's best interest.6. Healthcare Quality: This refers to the level of care provided by healthcare providers, including the safety, effectiveness, and efficiency of treatments.7. Telemedicine: This is the use of technology, such as video calls and mobile apps, to provide medical care to patients remotely.8. Health Equity: This means that everyone has equal access to healthcare services, regardless of their background or income level.Remember, these are just a few of the important terms you might encounter while preparing for the exam. Keep studying hard and good luck with your medical career!篇9Hey guys, today I want to talk about some common medical vocabulary that you might need for the 2024 National Medical Entrance Exam. These words are super important for the writing section, so make sure to remember them!First up, we have "anesthesia". This is when the doctor gives you medicine so you don't feel any pain during surgery. Next, we have "diagnosis", which is when the doctor figures out what's wrong with you. Another important word is "prescription", which is the medicine the doctor tells you to take.Then we have "surgery", which is when the doctor cuts you open to fix something inside. "Symptoms" are signs that something is wrong with your body, like a cough or a fever. And "vaccine" is a shot that helps protect you from getting sick.Don't forget about "X-ray", which is a picture of the inside of your body. And "therapy", which is treatment to help you get better. Lastly, "emergency" is when something bad happens and you have to go to the hospital right away.So make sure to study these words and you'll be ready for the exam in 2024. Good luck, future doctors!篇10Hey guys!Today, I want to talk about some commonly used medical vocabulary that you might encounter when taking the national medical entrance exam in 2024. It's important to know these words in English so that you can do well on the exam and become a great doctor in the future!First up, we have "anatomy." This word refers to the study of the structure of the human body. It's important to know all the different parts of the body and how they work together to keep us healthy.Next, let's talk about "diagnosis." This word is used to describe the process of identifying a disease or condition based on symptoms and test results. Doctors use their knowledge of anatomy and other medical information to make a diagnosis and determine the best course of treatment.Another important word to know is "prescription." This is a written order from a doctor for a specific medication or treatment. It's important to follow your doctor's prescriptions carefully to ensure that you get the best possible care."Immunity" is also a key concept in medicine. This refers to the body's ability to resist or fight off infections and diseases. It'simportant to have a strong immune system to stay healthy and avoid getting sick.And finally, let's talk about "surgery." This is a medical procedure in which a doctor makes cuts into a patient's body to treat a disease or injury. Surgeons use special tools and techniques to perform surgeries safely and effectively.By understanding these medical terms and concepts, you'll be well-prepared to ace the national medical entrance exam in 2024 and pursue a career in medicine. Good luck, future doctors!Keep studying hard and remember to always stay curious about the world of medicine. You never know what amazing discoveries and breakthroughs you might make in the future!That's all for now, guys. Stay healthy and keep learning! See you next time! Bye!。

医学科学英文演讲稿范文

Ladies and gentlemen,Good morning/afternoon/evening. It is my great honor to stand before you today to share with you some insights about the advancements and challenges in medical science. As we all know, medical science has always been a crucial field in our society, and its development has brought about numerous benefits to human beings. However, the progressin this field also poses several challenges that we need to address. In this speech, I will discuss some of the key advancements and challenges in medical science.I. Advancements in Medical Science1. Genomics and Personalized MedicineOne of the most significant advancements in medical science is the development of genomics. By analyzing the human genome, scientists have been able to identify the genetic factors that contribute to various diseases. This has led to the emergence of personalized medicine, which tailors treatments to an individual's genetic makeup. This approach has shown promising results in treating cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and other genetic disorders.2. Medical Imaging TechniquesMedical imaging techniques have revolutionized the field of medicine. The introduction of technologies such as MRI, CT scans, and ultrasound has allowed doctors to visualize internal organs and tissues, enabling them to diagnose diseases more accurately. These techniques have also facilitated minimally invasive surgeries, which have reduced the risk of complications and recovery time.3. Advances in VaccinologyVaccinology has made remarkable progress in recent years. The development of new vaccines, such as those for HIV, HPV, and Ebola, has significantly reduced the incidence of infectious diseases. Moreover, advancements in vaccine production have made it possible to producevaccines in larger quantities and at a lower cost, ensuring better global access to immunization.4. Biotechnology and Regenerative MedicineBiotechnology has opened new avenues in medicine, particularly in the field of regenerative medicine. Through stem cell research, scientists have been able to grow and regenerate tissues and organs, offering hope for patients with chronic diseases and injuries. This has the potential to revolutionize the treatment of conditions such as heart disease, diabetes, and spinal cord injuries.II. Challenges in Medical Science1. Access to HealthcareDespite the advancements in medical science, many people still lack access to healthcare. This is particularly true in underdeveloped countries, where a lack of infrastructure, resources, and trained healthcare professionals hinders the delivery of essential medical services. Addressing this challenge requires international cooperation and investment in healthcare systems.2. Healthcare CostsThe cost of healthcare continues to rise, making it unaffordable for many people. The high cost of new drugs, medical procedures, andhospital care puts a significant burden on individuals, governments, and insurance companies. Finding ways to reduce healthcare costs without compromising quality is a crucial challenge that needs to be addressed.3. Antibiotic ResistanceThe overuse and misuse of antibiotics have led to the emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. This poses a significant threat to public health, as it reduces the effectiveness of treatments for common infections. Combating antibiotic resistance requires a multi-faceted approach, including public education, research, and better infection control practices.4. Mental HealthMental health disorders are on the rise, and yet they continue to be underdiagnosed and undertreated. The stigma associated with mental illness, lack of awareness, and inadequate resources for mental health care contribute to this problem. Addressing mental health challenges requires a comprehensive approach, including policy changes, public awareness campaigns, and increased funding for mental health services.III. ConclusionIn conclusion, medical science has made remarkable advancements that have improved the quality of life for millions of people. However, the challenges we face in healthcare, access to care, and the need for continued research and innovation remain. It is essential for governments, healthcare professionals, and the public to work together to overcome these challenges and ensure that everyone has access to quality healthcare.Thank you for your attention. I welcome any questions or comments you may have.。

ADHDPredominantl...

Confusing labels for AD/HD In 1994 the name of the disorder got changed in a way that is confusing for many people. Since that time all forms of attention deficit disorder are officially called “Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder” after which a comma appears. After the comma, a subtype is specified: • “Predominantly Inattentive Type” for someone with serious inattention
problems, but not much problem with hyperactivity/impulsive symptoms; • “Combined Type” for someone with serious inattention problems and serious
problems with hyperactivity and impulsivity; or, • “Predominantly Hyperactive/Impulsive Type for someone with serious
1. Do you often make careless mistakes when you have to work on a boring and difficult project? 2. Do you often have difficulty keeping your attention when you are doing boring or repetitive work? 3. Do you often have difficulty concentrating on what people say to you, even when they are speaking to you directly? 4. Do you often have trouble wrapping up the final details of a project, once the challenging parts have been done? 5. Do you often have difficulty getting things in order when you have to do a task that requires organization? 6. When you have a task that requires a lot of thought, do you often avoid or delay getting started?

常见医学术语(中英文对照)

welcome［］vt. & n. 欢迎；a。

受欢迎的offer［]vt。

＆n。

提供；贡献be about to［］（不久）就要，即将training[］n。

训练;培养program［］n. 规划；（教学)大纲general[］a. 一般的，普遍的basic［］a。

基本的,基础的course[］n. 课程;过程；疗程biology［］n. 生物学devote［］vt. 贡献medical[］a. 医学的，医药的anatomy［]n。

解剖学；解剖physiology[］n。

生理学biochemistry[］n. 生物化学term[]n. 学期；期限;术语internal[］a. 内服的；内部的surgery［］n. 外科学，外科and so on[]等等,诸如此类clinical［］a。

临床的have to[]不得不,只好in addition[］另外follow-up［]a。

& n. 接着的，后续的advanced［］a. 高级的；先进的besides［］ad。

此外;prep. 除…之外qualified［]a。

合格的campus[］n。

校园storey[]n。

层(楼)collection[］n. 收集,收藏central［］a。

中心的,中央的laboratory[]n. 实验室,研究室dormitory[]n. 宿舍altogether［］ad。

总共treat［]vt。

治疗;处理；对待divide[］vt。

分；隔开speciality［]n。

专业；特征department［］n。

科室；系；学部traditional［]a。

传统的affiliate［]vt。

使…加入；使附于out—patient［］n。

门珍病人in—patient[］n. 住院病人emergency［］n. 紧急情况emergency room［］急诊室timely[］a。

及时的；合时的available[］a。

高考二轮复习英语课件阅读理解考点分类练12主旨大意题(3)

Passage 1 Passage 2 Passage 3
3.What is the main idea of paragraph 5? A.Nonverbal social signals matter in class. B.Being sociable in the classroom is important. C.Students should support each other in class discussions.
√C.When students achieve changes in long-term memory.
D.When students start to forget unnecessary information. 解析细节理解题。根据第四段中“Cognitive scientist Paul Kirschner argues that building memory is ‘the aim of all teaching’ and that ‘if nothing has changed in long-term memory,nothing has been learned’.”可知,Paul Kirschner 认为真正的学习发生在学生的长期记忆有所变化时。
[语篇解读]本文是一篇议论文。文章讨论了疫情后如何科学弥补学生学习缺漏。作者认为只教授思辨性思维等高阶思维技巧是不可行的,强调了基础知识、长期记忆和情感归属感对学生学习的重要性。
Passage 1 Passage 2 Passage 3
1.What can we know about critical thinking according to the passage? A.It can be taught directly.

医用英语问诊常用句子

医用英语问诊常用句子· (can) I help you?[您好，我可以帮您吗？]·What seems to be bothering you?[您觉得哪儿不舒服？]·Do you have a record?[您有病历吗？]·I`ll transfer you to the surgery department.[我给您转到外科去] ·what`s wrong with you?[您怎么了？]·Sit down, please.[请坐]·When did the symptom begin ?[症状是什么时候开始的？]·Are you bring anything up when you cough?[咳嗽时有痰吗？]·Have you had any chills (chest pain)?[您有发冷（胸痛）吗？]·Have you ever coughed up blood[您咳血过吗？]·All right. Let me examine you. Would you mind taking off your coat?[好吧。

我给您检查一下，您不介意脱掉外衣吧？]·Take a deep breath, please[请深呼吸]·I`ll take a white blood count and give you a x-ray examination.[我将给您做白细胞计数和胸片检查]·I`m sure it`s pneumonia. You should be admitted to the hospital.[我可以确定您得了肺炎，应当住院。

]·How long have you been like this?[这种症状有多久了？]·When did you begin to notice these symptoms?[您什么时候发现这些症状的？]·What`s the trouble?[怎么啦？] ·What`s your trouble?[你怎么啦？] ·What`s the trouble with you?[你哪儿不舒服] ·What`s troubling you?[你哪儿不舒服] ·What`s your complaint?[你哪儿不舒服] ·What`s bothering you?[你哪儿不舒服] ·What can I do for you?[你哪儿不舒服吗？] ·What`s up with you?[你生什么病了？] ·What`s the matter with you?[你哪儿不舒服？]·Is there a sense of distension and numbness?[你有胀和麻木的感觉吗？] ·When did the trouble start?[什么时候开始不舒服？]·When did the pain start?[什么时候开始痛的？]·When did it happe n?[什么时候发生的？]·When did your diarrhea start?[你什么时候开始腹泻的？]·What kind of pain do you feel?[你觉得怎么个痛法？]·What kind of stool did you notce, watery or mucous?[你注意大便的样子了吗？是水样的还是粘液样？]·What did you vomit, food or blood?[你吐的是什么？食物还是血？] ·What kind of treatment have you had?[你过去用什么方法治疗过？] ·What about your heart?[你的心脏怎么样？]·What`s your stool like?[大便是什么样子？]·Where is your pain?[你觉得哪儿痛？]·Where does it hurt?[哪儿痛？]·What`s your appetite?[你的胃口怎么样？]·How`s your appetite those days?[近来食欲怎么样？]·How long have you been feeling like this?[你有这样感觉多长时间了？] ·Have you been coughing and sneezing?[你是不是一直咳嗽和打喷嚏？] ·Have you got a high fever?[你发烧吗？] ·Any fever?[发烧吗？] ·Have you got any chronic disease before?[你以前有过慢性病吗？] ·Does it bleed often?[常出血吗？]·Do you feel short of br eath?[你觉得气急吗？]·Do you feel pain after meals?[是饭后痛吗？]·Do you feel abdominal pain when you go to the toilet?[你去厕所时感到腹痛吗？]·Do you have a pain in your stomach?[你肚子痛吗？]·Do you have a cough?[你咳嗽吗？]·Do you remember how many times you went to the toilet?[你记得去过多少次厕所吗？]·Did you receive any treatment before you came to the hospital?[来医院前你接受过治疗吗？]·I`d like to listen to your chest.[我想听听你的胸部。