高一英语《名词性从句》讲解
高一英语《名词性从句》讲解
功能
例词
只起连接作 that, whether, 从属 用,不充当从 if,as if(只用 连词 句中的任何作 于表语从句) 用。
功能
例词
既起连接作用, Who,whom, 连接 本身又做从句 whose,what, 代词 的主语、宾语、 which 表语或定语。
功能
例词
when,where, 既起连接作用, 连接 why,how 本身又做从句 副词 的状语。
(1) They expressed the hope that they would come over to visit China again. (2) We all know the truth that the earth goes round the sun. (3) The fact that she had not said anything surprised all of us.
(1) 在whether or not结构中不可 用if代替whether
I don’t know whether or not he’ll come. I wonder whether it is true or not.
(2)介词后面的宾语从句用whether, 不用if
Everything depends on whether the situation will improve.(后面要讲 到介词后面的宾语从句)
3、It + be + 过去分词 + that从句 It is said that – clause
reported
thought hoped believed known
(1) It is said that he is the best student in the class.
英语语法与词汇详解 名词性从句
英语语法与词汇详解名词性从句一、什么是名词性从句?①在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句。
②相当于名词词组,它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等。
③名词性从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
二、主语从句①作句子主语的从句叫主语从句。
②通常由从属连词that,whether, if和连接代词what, who, which, whatever, whoever以及连接副词how, when, where, why等词引导。
③that在句中无词义,只起连接作用,但不可省略④连接代词和连接副词在句中既保留自己的疑问含义,又起连接作用,在从句中充当从句的成分。
⑤例句:->What he wants to tell us is not clear.[他要跟我们说什么还不清楚。
]->Who will win the match is still unknown.[谁能赢得这场比赛还不得而知。
]->It is known to us how he became a writer.[我们都知道他是如何成为一名作家的。
]->Where the English evening will be held has not yet been announced.[英语晚会将在哪里举行,还没有宣布。
]为避免句子头重脚轻,常用it代替主语从句作形式主语放于句首,而把主语从句置于句末。
常用句型有:->It+be+名词+that从句->It+be+形容词+that从句->It+be+动词的过去分词+that从句->It+不及物动词+that从句三、宾语从句①用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。
②引导宾语从句的关联词与引导主语从句和表语从句的关联词大致一样,在句中可以作谓语动词或介词及非谓语动词的宾语。
③由连接词that引导宾语从句时,that在句中不担任任何成分,在口语或非正式的文体中常被省去,但如从句是并列句时,第二个分句前的that不可省。
高中英语名词性从句详解
名词性从句—高中英语语法(1)表语从句ﻫ1. 定义:用作表语的从句叫做表语从句ﻫ2. 构成:关联词+简单句3.引导表语从句的关联词的种类:ﻫ(1)从属连词that。
如:ﻫThe trouble is that I have lost hisaddress. 麻烦是我把他的地址丢了。
ﻫ(2)从属连词whether, as, as if。
如:ﻫHe looked just as he had lookedten years before. 他看起来还与十年前一样。
ﻫThe question is whether they will beable tohelpus. 问题是他们是否能帮我们。
注:从属连词if一般不用来引导表语从句,但as if却可引导表语从句,如:All this wasovertwenty years ago, but it's asif it was only yesterday.ﻫ这都是20多年前的事了,但宛如昨天一样。
ﻫ能跟表语从句的谓语动词一般为系动词be, seem,look等。
如:Itlooked asif it was going to rain.看起来天要下雨了。
(3)连接代词who, whom, whose, what,which,whoever, whatever, whichever连接副词where,when,how,why。
如:Theproblemis who wecan get toreplace her.问题是我们能找到谁去替换她呢。
The question is how hedid it. 问题是他是如何做此事的。
ﻫThat waswhat she didthis morning on reachingthe attic. 那就是她今晨上了阁楼干的。
解释:ﻫ1. 连词because可引导表语从句。
如:Ithinkit is because you aredoing too much. 我想这是因为你做得太多。
高中英语名词性从句讲义(超详细版)
高中英语名词性从句讲义(超详细版)一.定义:在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句 (Noun Clauses)。
名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等,因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能,名词性从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
1. His words are true. What he said is true.2. The dog sensed something good. The dog sensed that there was something good nearby.3. These are his words. These are what he said.4. My Maths teacher, Mr He, is a kind person. The news that the plane had crashed made us sad.二.引导名词性从句的连接词连词:在从句中不充当成分,只起连接作用 that, 无实义whether, if 是否as if \ as though 似乎,好像连接代词:有词义,在句中担任主语,表语,定语或宾语。
what, 什么 who, 谁whom, 谁,作宾语 whose, 谁的 which, 哪一个whatever, whoever……也可以引导。
连接副词:有词义,在句中担任状语。
when ,什么时候 where, 什么地方 why, 为什么 how ,怎么样how many, how much, how often三.主语从句1. 作句子主语的从句叫主语从句。
What he wants to tell us is not clear. 他要跟我们说什么,还不清楚。
It is known to us how he became a writer. 我们都知道他是如何成为一名作家的。
高中英语语法---名词性从句详解
名词性从句详解名词性从句包括主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句。
其关联词有连接词that,if,whether;疑问代词who,what,which和疑问副词when,where,how,why等。
一.语法讲解1.主语从句主语从句在句中做主语。
它可以放在主句谓语动词之前,但多数情况由it作形式主语,而把主语从句放在主句之后。
例如:Who did that is known to all.It is interesting that you should like him.2.表语从句表语从句在句中作表语,位于主句中的系动词之后。
如:The question is who can complete the difficult task.表语从句不能用if引导,但可用as if引导。
例如:He looked as if he was going to cry.3.同位语从句同位语从句跟在名词后面,进一步说明该名词的具体内容。
引导同位语从句的名词主要有fact,news,promise,idea,truth等。
连接词用that(不用which),及连接副词how,when,where,why等。
例如:His delay is due to the fact that the car went wrong halfway.The news that our team has won the match is true.She asked the reason why there was a delay.4.宾语从句1.宾语从句在句中作及物动词或介词的宾语。
例如:We can learn what we did not know.He will talk to us about what he saw in the U.S.如果主句的谓语动词是及物动词make,find,see,hear等,则把宾语从句置于宾语补足语之后,用it作为形式宾语。
高一英语必修3名词性从句讲解
高一英语必修3名词性从句讲解在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从句(Noun Clauses)。
名词从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等,因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能,名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
一、引导名词性从句的连接词引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类:连接词:that,whether,if 不充当从句的任何成分)连接代词:what, whatever, who, whoever, whom,whose, which.连接副词:when, where, how, why不可省略的连词:1. 介词后的连词2. 引导主语从句和同位语从句的连词不可省略。
That she was chosen made us very happy.We heard the news that our team had won.比较:whether与if 均为"是否"的意思。
但在下列情况下,whether 不能被if 取代:1. whether引导主语从句并在句首2. 引导表语从句3. whether从句作介词宾语4. 从句后有"or not"Whether he will come is not clear.大部分连接词引导的主语从句都可以置于句末,用it充当形式主语。
It is not important who will go.It is still unknown which team will win the match.二、名词性that-从句1)由从属连词that引导的从句叫做名词性that-从句。
That只起连接主句和从句的作用,在从句中不担任任何成分,本身也没有词义。
名词性that-从句在句中能充当主语、宾语、表语、同位语和形容词宾语,例如:主语:That he is still alive is sheer luck.他还活着全靠运气。
高中英语语法权威解析一---名词性从句(附练习题)
在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句(NounClauses)。
名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组,它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等,因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能,名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
一.主语从句主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句,通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替,而本身放在句子末尾。
1.It作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较It it引导2.用it(1)Itis(2)Itis(3)Itis(4)It3.(1)if(2)Itissaid/reported…结构中的主语从句不可提前。
例如:正确表达:ItissaidthatPresidentJiangwillvisitourschoolnextweek.错误表达:ThatPresidentJiangwillvisitourschoolnextweekissaid.(3)Ithappens/occurs…结构中的主语从句不可提前。
例如:正确表达:Itoccurredtohimthathefailedintheexamination.错误表达:Thathefailedintheexaminationoccurredtohim.(4)Itdoesn’tmatterhow/whether…结构中的主语从句不可提前。
例如:正确表达:Itdoesn’tmatterwhetherheiswrongornot.错误表达:Whetherheiswrongornotdoesn’tmatter.(5)含主语从句的复合句是疑问句时,主语从句不可提前。
例如:正确表达:Isitlikelythatitwillrainintheevening?错误表达:Isthatwillrainintheeveninglikely?4.what与that在引导主语从句时的区别what引导主语从句时在句时在从句中充当句子成分,如主语.宾语.表语,而that则不然。
(完整版)高中英语名词性从句详解
(完整版)高中英语名词性从句详解名词性从句【名词性从句】相当于名词,可分别作主句的主语、表语、宾语和同位语。
因此,名词性从句分为主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位从句。
宾语从句——在复合句中作主句及物动词的宾语,也可作介词或某些形容词的宾语1。
连接词从属连词that whether if 不担任成分只起连接作用关系代词who whom whose whatwhich既担任成分,又起连接作用。
主语,宾语或表语等关系副词when where why how 既担任成分,又起连接作用常担任状语◆I think (that) you will like the pictures。
◆ He has become what he wanted to be ten years ago。
◆ I don't know why Jane was late for school this morning。
◆The teacher is pleased with what she said。
◆I’m afraid that I can’t go to the party。
2.注意事项(that通常可以省略)。
但如从句是并列句时,第二个分句前的that 不可省。
◆He told me (that) he was ill and that he would not come to the party。
②陈述语序◆ I want to know what he has told you。
◆ She will give whoever needs help a warm support。
③注意宾语从句中的时态呼应。
当主句动词是现在时,从句根据自身的句子情况,而使用不同时态。
当主句动词是过去时态(could, would除外),从句则要用相应的过去时态,如一般过去时,过去进行时,过去将来时等;当从句表示的是客观真理,科学原理,自然现象,则从句仍用现在时态。
高考英语名词性从句讲解(最全版)
(表语从句)
3、You could choose whichever book you want .
(宾语从句)
名词性从句引导词的用法(4):
“when”-- “什么时候”、作状语、起连接作用
连接副词
“where”-- “什么地方”、作状语、起连接作用 “why”---- “为什么”、作状语、起连接作用
1、That we will realize our dreams in the future is
certain (. 主语从句)
2、The fact is that Beijing will hold 29th Olympic
Games this year.(表语从句) 3、I know that well begun is half done(. 宾语从句)
(表语从句)
3、You should appreciate whoever helped you in
the past .
(宾语从句)
“whomever”--- “---的任何人”、作宾语、起连接作用
1、Whomever you will meet in the meeting is
excellent .
4、He heard the news that Liuxiang set a new world
record .(同位语从句)
说出从句部分及类别并翻译:
1、My idea is that we should do it right now.
表语从句
2、She won’t believe that he has become a thief.
4、Could you tell me the question whether English is
高一英语名词性从句讲解
名词性从句复合句包括两个或两个以上的主谓结构,其中一个是主句,另一个是从句(即在整个句子中作句子的一个成分,不能独立)。
按照从句在句中的功能,可分为名词性从句、定语从句和状语从句。
名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
因为这四种从句在整个句子中所起的作用相当于一个名词,因此,统称为名词性从句。
名词性从句需由连接词引导,连接词主要有三类:从属连词、连接代词和连接副词。
从属连词只起连接作用;连接代词和连接副词既起连接作用,又在从句中充当某一个成分。
另外,名词性从句要用陈述语序。
考点一主语从句常引导主语从句的连接词有从属连词:that(无词义),whether/if(是否);连接代词:what(什么;所……的),who(主格,谁),whom(宾格,谁),which(哪一个),whose(谁的),whatever(无论什么),whoever(主格,无论谁),whomever(宾格,无论谁),whichever(无论哪一个)等;连接副词:when(什么时候),where(什么地方),why(为什么),how(怎样)等。
1.that引导的主语从句that只起连接作用,无词义,在从句中不作成分,一般不能省略。
如:That he will come and help us is certain.他来帮我们是肯定的了。
That pneumonia is a comrnon disease is known to all。
众所周知,肺炎是一种普通疾病。
2.whether/if引导的主语从句whether引导的主语从句既可放在句首也可放在句尾,但if引导的主语从句只能放在句尾,前面需用it作形式主语。
whether/if只起连接作用,译成“是否”,在从句中不作成分。
如:Whether it is true remains a question.它是真是假,还是个问题。
(不能用if)It is doubtful whether the manager knew the details of the plan.经理是否知道计划的细节,还值得怀疑。
(完整版)高中英语名词性从句讲解(可编辑修改word版)
名词性从句讲解在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫做名词性从句。
它包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
名词性从句是中学阶段的一个重要语法项目,在历年的高考中几乎都涉及到,并且每年的命题各有变化。
分析历届高考试题名词性从句考查的焦点主要有以下六个方面1. 考查名词性从句的语序问题2. 考查引导词that 与what 的区别3. 考查it 在名词性从句中作形式主语或形式宾语的用法4. 考查whether 与if 的区别5.考查名词性从句中的疑问词+ever 引导的名词性从句与 no matter+疑问词引导的状语从句的区别6.考查名词性从句的虚拟语气问题语法要点剖析一、名词性从句主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句,在整个句子中所起的作用,相当于一个名词。
因此,这四种从句通称为名词性从句。
引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类:连接词:that, whether, if (不充当从句的任何成分)连接代词:what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which.连接副词:when, where, how, why1.主语从句作句子主语的从句叫主语从句。
主语从句通常由从属连词 that,whether,if 和连接代词 what,who,which,whatever,whoever 以及连接副词 how,when,where,why 等词引导。
that 在句中无词义,只起连接作用;连接代词和连接副词在句中既保留自己的疑问含义、又起连接作用,在从句中充当从句的成分。
例如:What he wants to tell us is not clear. 他要跟我们说什么,还不清楚。
It is known to us how he became a writer. 我们都知道他是如何成为一名作家的。
Where the English evening will be held has not yet been announced.英语晚会将在哪里举行,还没有宣布。
完整版)高中英语名词性从句详解
完整版)高中英语名词性从句详解名词性从句可以作为主句的主语、表语、宾语和同位语。
它们分为主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位从句。
宾语从句作为复合句中的主句及物动词的宾语,也可以作为介词或某些形容词的宾语。
它不担任成分,只起连接作用。
连接词可以是从属连词、关系代词、关系副词。
从属连词包括that、whether、if;关系代词包括who、whom、whose、what、which;关系副词包括when、where、why、how。
这些词既担任成分,又起连接作用。
宾语从句的例子有:I think (that) you will like the pictures。
He has e what he wanted to be ten years ago。
I don’t know why Jane was late for school this morning。
The teacher is pleased with what she said。
I'm afraid that I can't go to the party.在宾语从句中,由that引导的从句可以省略,但如果从句是并列句时,第二个分句前的that不可省略。
另外,宾语从句中的时态要与主句呼应,如果主句动词是过去时态,从句则要用相应的过去时态。
如果从句表示的是客观真理、科学原理或自然现象,从句仍用现在时态。
如果主语谓语动词为think、consider、suppose、believe、expect、guess、imagine等,其后的宾语从句若含有否定意义,一般要把否定词转移到主句谓语上,从句谓语用肯定式。
XXX。
It is often said that traveling broadens the mind。
I XXX I was determined to carry out the plan。
I consider it XXX。
高中英语名词性从句详细讲解
6.条件状语从句 常用引导词:if, unless, We'll start our project if the president agrees. 7.让步状语从句 常用引导词:though, although, even if, even though The old man always enjoys swimming even though the weather is rough. 8.比较状语从句 常用引导词:as(同级比较), than(不同程度的比较) She is as bad-tempered as her mother. The house is bigger than ours. 9.方式状语从句 常用引导词:as, as if, how When in Rome, do as the Roman do. She behaved as if she were the boss.
Exercises
1_________ in the regulations that you should not tell other people the pass word of your e-mail account. .(2005 上海) A. What is required B .What requires C It is required D. It requires 2. The Foreign Minister said, “_______ our hope that the two sides will work towards peace.” (2006 北京) A. This B. There is C .That is D. It is 3.After Yang Liwei succeeded in circling the earth,_______ our astronauts desire to do is walk in space.(2004 上海) A .where B .what C .that D. how
(完整word版)高一英语名词性从句讲解
高一英语名词性从句讲解在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫做名词性从句。
它包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
名词性从句是中学阶段的一个重要语法项目,在历年的高考中几乎都涉及到,并且每年的命题各有变化。
分析历届高考试题名词性从句考查的焦点主要有以下六个方面1. 考查名词性从句的语序问题2. 考查引导词that与what的区别3. 考查it在名词性从句中作形式主语或形式宾语的用法4. 考查whether与if的区别5. 考查名词性从句中的疑问词+ever引导的名词性从句与no matter+疑问词引导的状语从句的区别6. 考查名词性从句的虚拟语气问题语法要点剖析一、名词性从句主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句,在整个句子中所起的作用,相当于一个名词。
因此,这四种从句通称为名词性从句。
引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类:连接词:that, whether, if (不充当从句的任何成分)连接代词:what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which.连接副词:when, where, how, why1. 主语从句作句子主语的从句叫主语从句。
主语从句通常由从属连词that,whether,if和连接代词what,who,which,whatever,whoever以及连接副词how,when,where,why等词引导。
that在句中无词义,只起连接作用;连接代词和连接副词在句中既保留自己的疑问含义、又起连接作用,在从句中充当从句的成分。
例如:What he wants to tell us is not clear. 他要跟我们说什么,还不清楚。
It is known to us how he became a writer. 我们都知道他是如何成为一名作家的。
Where the English evening will be held has not yet been announced.英语晚会将在哪里举行,还没有宣布。
(完整版)高中英语名词性从句讲解
适用文档名词性从句解说在复合句中起名作用的从句叫做名性从句。
它包含主从句、从句、表从句和同位从句。
名性从句是中学段的一个重要法目,在年的高考取几乎都波及到,而且每年的命各有化。
解析届高考名性从句考的焦点主要有以下六个方面1.考名性从句的序2.考引 that与 what 的区3.考 it 在名性从句中作形式主或形式的用法4.考 whether 与 if 的区5.考名性从句中的疑+ever 引的名性从句与no matter+ 疑引的状从句的区6.考名性从句的虚气法重点解析一、名性从句主从句、表从句、从句、同位从句,在整个句子中所起的作用,相当于一个名。
所以,四种从句通称名性从句。
引名性从句的接可分三:接: that, whether, if(不充任从句的任何成分)接代: what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which.接副: when, where, how, why1.主从句作句子主的从句叫主从句。
主从句往常由附属that ,whether ,if和接代what ,who,which ,whatever , whoever 以及接副 how, when, where, why 等引。
that 在句中无,只起接作用;接代和接副在句中既保存自己的疑含、又起接作用,在从句中充任从句的成分。
比如:What he wants to tell us is not clear.他要跟我什么,不清楚。
It is known to us how he became a writer.我都知道他是如何成一名作家的。
Where the English evening will be held has not yet been announced.英晚会将在哪里行,没有宣告。
有防止句子重脚,常用形式主it取代主从句作形式主放于句首,而把主从句置于句末。
主从句后的一般用数形式。
高一英语名词性从句讲解
高一英语名词性从句讲解在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫做名词性从句。
它包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
名词性从句是中学阶段的一个重要语法项目,在历年的高考中几乎都涉与到,并且每年的命题各有变化。
分析历届高考试题名词性从句考察的焦点主要有以下六个方面1. 考察名词性从句的语序问题2. 考察引导词that与what的区别3. 考察it在名词性从句中作形式主语或形式宾语的用法4. 考察whether与if的区别5. 考察名词性从句中的疑问词+ever引导的名词性从句与no matter+疑问词引导的状语从句的区别6. 考察名词性从句的虚拟语气问题语法要点剖析一、名词性从句主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句,在整个句子中所起的作用,相当于一个名词。
因此,这四种从句通称为名词性从句。
引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类:连接词:that, whether, if 〔不充当从句的任何成分〕连接代词:what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which.连接副词:when, where, how, why1. 主语从句作句子主语的从句叫主语从句。
主语从句通常由附属连词that,whether,if和连接代词what,who,which,whatever,whoever以与连接副词how,when,where,why等词引导。
that在句中无词义,只起连接作用;连接代词和连接副词在句中既保存自己的疑问含义、又起连接作用,在从句中充当从句的成分。
例如:What he wants to tell us is not clear. 他要跟我们说什么,还不清楚。
It is known to us how he became a writer. 我们都知道他是如何成为一名作家的。
Where the English evening will be held has not yet been announced.英语晚会将在哪里举行,还没有宣布。
高一英语名词性从句讲解
高一英语名词性从句讲解名词性从句1.种类2.宾语从句的时态。
3.that什么情况下可以省略,什么情况下不可以省略。
4.whether和if什么时候可以互换,什么时候不可以互换。
5.如何区分同位语从句与定语从句。
1.______thebabycouldspeakmadehisparentsveryhappy.2.Iwonder______youwillgoshoppingorstayathome.3.Thisis______hewasoftenlateforschool.4.Weallknowthetruth______theearth______aroundthesun.一.名词性从句的概念:一个句子在连接词的引导下,在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句。
二.名词性从句的功能:相当于名词词组,它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等。
Hisjobisimportant.(主语)Whathedoesisimportant.(主语)Thisishisjob.(表语)Thisiswhathedoeseveryday.(表语)Idon’t likehisjob.(宾语)Idon’t likewhathedoeseveryday.(宾语)Idon’tknowabout thefactthatheisateacher.(同位语)Idon’tknowabout theman,Mr.White.(同位语)得出结论:因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能,名词从句又可分为四类,即:主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
三.引导名词性从句的连接词:1、连接代词:who,whoever,whose,whom,whomever,what,which。
有词义,在从句中担任成分,如主语、表语、宾语、或定语等。
●Idon’tbelieve__________hehasachievedsofar.●__________breaksthelawshouldbepunished.2、连接副词:when,where,why,how。
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well in her exam.
(2) It is probable that he told her everything.
2、It + be + 名词词组 + that从句 It is / was a pity that – clause
shame
duty (1) It is a pity that we can’t go. (2) It is no surprise that our team should have won the game.
(3) Everyone was afraid that someone might find out that he could see nothing.
(4) Mother was very pleased (that) her daughter had passed the entrance exams.
(1) They expressed the hope that they would come over to visit China again. (2) We all know the truth that the earth goes round the sun. (3) The fact that she had not said anything surprised all of us.
功能
例词
只起连接作 that, whether, 从属 用,不充当从 if,as if(只用 连词 句中的任何作 于表语从句) 用。
功能
例词
既起连接作用, Who,whom, 连接 本身又做从句 whose,what, 代词 的主语、宾语、 which 表语或定语。
功能
例词
既起连接作用, when,where, 连接 why,how 本身又做从句 副词 的状语。
试比较: He put forward the suggestion that the second question should be discussed first.(同位语从句) The suggestion that he had put forward was turn down.(定语从句)
(4) They asked me the question whether the work was worth doing. (5) The problem whether it is right or wrong has not yet been decided.
注意:同位语从句和定语从句 的区别是:前者说明名词的内 容,后者说明名词的性质特征; 前者所用连词that不是从句的 一个成分,后者所用关系代词 that是从句中的一个成分。
(5) John made the boy sit still, promising that nothing would hurt him.
引导宾语从句的连词that常可省 去,特别在口语中是这样。 注意:
whether 和 if 引导的宾语从句:
whether 和 if 引导宾语从句时可 以互换使用,但下列情况用whether 不用if。
(1) 在whether or not结构中不可 用if代替whether
I don’t know whether or not he’ll come. I wonder whether it is true or not.
(2)介词后面的宾语从句用whether, 不用if
Everything depends on whether the situation will improve.(后面要讲 到介词后面的宾语从句)
Noun Clause 名词性从句
名词性从句
1、本讲内容:
学习名词性从句。
2、学习要求:
(1)掌握名词性从句的种类。 (2)引导名词性从句的连接词。
(3)初步学会运用名词性从句。
3、学习指导:
(1)本讲重点: 名词性从句的种类。
(2)本讲难点: 名词性从句的语序。
4、典型例题解析: 名词性从句包括主语从句、表 语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句。 它的功能相当于名词,引导名词性 从句的引导词归纳起来可分为以下 三类。
1、主语从句 (1) That he will come is certain. (2) Whether she is coming or not doesn’t
matter too much.
(3) What surprised me most was to see some of the village people seated on
3、It + be + 过去分词 + that从句 It is said that – clause
reported
thought hoped believed known
(1) It is said that he i2) It is thought that Joe drives
注意:介词的宾语从句一般不用 which和if来引导,而要分别用what和 whether来引导。如:
Are you sorry for what you’ve done? which不可以 Everything depends on whether we have enough experience. 不可用if
(3)引导主语从句和表语从句用 whether不用if Whether we’ll go depends on the weather. The question is whether it is worth doing.
(4) whether 可用在不定式前,if 则不能.
Please tell me whether to go or not.
the benches at the end of the room.
(4) Which team will win the match is a
matter of public concern.
(5) Where she has gone is not known yet.
当主语从句较长时,多放在句子后 部,用 it 作形式主语。
(1) This was what Tom was reading. (2) The truth is that I have never been there. (3) It looks as if it is going to rain. (4) The reason why he was late was that he got up late. (5) This is how we overcame the difficulties. (6) That is why she was absent yesterday. (7) The house is where Lu Xun once lived.
3、宾语从句
1、用作及物动词的宾语 (1) They pretended that they were reading in the room. (2) I didn’t know what they were talking about.
(3) Do you know why winter is colder than summer? (4) He couldn’t tell where his home was.
注意:如果宾语从句后边还有宾 语补足语,则用it作形式宾语而将宾语 从句后置。如:
(1) We thought it strange that Xiao Wang did not come yesterday. (2) He has made it clear that anyone who breaks the law is to be punished.
如果主句谓语动词是一般过去时, 则宾语从句须用过去的某种时态。如:
She missed us very much.
She said that
She was writing a letter.
She would visit the Great Wall.
如果宾语从句表示的是客观真理, 其谓语动词则仍用一般现在时。如: (1) The teacher said that light travels much faster than sound. (2) The old man said the sun rises in the east and sets in the west.
以it作形式主语,把主语从句后置的常 用句型有:
1. It+be+形容词+that从句
It is/was certain that – clause
clear
important necessary probable possible
(1)It is certain that she will do
badly.
4、It + seem, happen, appear等不及物
动词 + that从句。
(1) It seems that Alice is not coming to the party at all. (2) It happened that I was out that day.
2、表语从句:
3、用作某些形容词的宾语从句:
这类形容词常见的有sure, certain, glad, pleased, happy, afraid, surprised, satisfied等。 (1) I am sure you looked beautiful that evening. (2) We were not surprised that he returned three days later than expected.