2013英语专业四级考试真题及答案
2013年英语专四真题及答案
TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS (2013)-GRADE FOUR-TIME LIMIT: 130 MIN PART I DICTATION [10 MIN] Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be done at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be done at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work. You will then be given 1 minute to check through your work once more.Please write the whole passage on ANSWER SHEET ONE.PART II LISTENING COMPREHENSION [20 MIN] SECTION A TALKIn this section you will hear a talk. You will hear the talk ONCE ONLY. While listening, you may look at the task on ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure what you fill in is both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task.Now listen to the talk. When it is over, you will be given Two minutes to complete your work.SECTION B CONVERSATIONSIn this section you will hear two conversations. At the end of each conversation, five questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken ONCE ONLY. After each question there will be a ten-second pause. During the pause, you should read the four choices of A, B, C and D, and mark the best answer to each question on ANSWER SHEET Two.You have thirty seconds to preview the questions.Now, listen to the conversations.CONVERSATION ONE1. A. She is so excited on Christmas day.B. She’s amazed at the decorated Christmas tree.C. She spent much time decorating Christmas tree.D. She likes doing with all the trimmings.2. A. presents. B. fruits. C. sauce. D. meat.3. A. carrots. B. meat. C. sweet potatoes. D. roast turkey.4. A. She wanted to talk to Rob. B. She had come to help Rob.C. She had been invited to lunch.D. She was interested in cooking.5. A. In a restaurant. B. In a pub. C. At home. D. In a shop. CONVERSATION TWO6. A. She wanted to know more about it. B. She was a new comer and felt lonely.C. She wanted to learn a new language.D. She was interested in social activities.7. A. It mainly organizes language activities. B. It accepts members from local students.C. It has been set up for a long time.D. It is increasing its membership.8. A. Italy. B. Australia. C. Japan. D. Korea.9. A. On Wednesday. B. On Tuesday. C. On Monday. D. On Friday.10. A. Call up the woman for her address. B. Mail the woman some information.C. Wait for the woman to call him again.D. Wait for the woman to pick up a form.PART III LANGUAGE USAGE [10 MIN] There are twenty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words, phrases or statements marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word, phrase or statement that best completes the sentence.Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO.11. Facing the board of directors, he didn’t deny ___________ breaking the agreement.A. himB. hisC. itD. its12. Xinchun returned from abroad a different man. The italicized part functions as a(n) ___________ inthe sentence.A. appositive (同位语)B. objectC. adverbialD. complement13. W hich of the following is a compound word (复合词)?A. Nonsmoker.B. Meanness.C. Deadline.D. Misfit.14. W hich of the following sentences contains subjunctive mood?A. Lucy insisted that her son get home before 5 o’clock.B. She used to drive to work, but now she takes the city metro.C. Walk straight ahead, and don’t turn till the second traffic lights.D. Paul will cancel his flight if he cannot get his visa by Friday.15. T he following determiners (限定词) can be used with both plural and uncountable nouns EXCEPT___________.A. manyB. enoughC. moreD. such16. W hich of the italicized parts indicates CONTRAST?A. She opened the door and quietly went in.B. Think it over again and you’ll get an answer.C. Victoria likes music and Sam is fond of sports.D. He is somewhat arrogant, and I don’t like this.17. W hich of the following CANNOT be used as a nominal substitute (名词替代词)?A. Much.B. Neither.C. One.D. Quarter.18. A ll the following sentences definitely indicate future time EXCEPT ___________.A. Mother is to have tea with Aunt Betty at fourB. The school pupils will be home by nowC. The President is coming to the UN next weekD. He is going to email me the necessary information19. W hich of the following sentences is grammatically INCORRECT?A. Politics are the art or science of government.B. Ten miles seems like a long walk to me.C. Mumps is a kind of infectious disease.D. All the furniture has arrived undamaged.20. W hich of in the following phrases indicates a subject-predicate relationship (主谓关系)?A. The occupation of the island.B. The law of Newton.C. The arrival of the tourists.D. The plays of Oscar Wilde.21. ___________ to school life was less difficult than the pupil had expected.A. AdheringB. AdjustingC. AdoptingD. Acquainting22. H e is fed up with the same old dreary routine, and wants to quit his job. The underlined part means__________.A. hardB. tiringC. longD. dull23. A t last night’s party Larry said something that I thought was beyond me. The underlined part means___________.A. I couldn’t understandB. I was unable to doC. I couldn’t tolerateD. I was unable to stop24. T he couple ___________ their old house and sold it for a vast profit.A. did forB. did inC. did upD. did with25. S ally contributed a lot to the project, but she never once accepted all the ___________ for herself.A. creditB. attentionC. focusD. award26. T he child nodded, apparently content with his mother’s promise. The underlined part means ______.A. as far as one has learntB. as far as one is concernedC. as far as one can seeD. as far as one is told27. E veryone in the office knows that Melinda takes infinite care over her work. The underlined partmeans ___________.A. limitedB. unnecessaryC. overdueD. much28. T he new measure will reduce the chance of serious injury in the event of an accident. The underlinedpart means ___________.A. if an accident can be preventedB. if an accident happensC. before an accidentD. during an accident29. T raditionally, local midwives would ___________ all the babies in the area.A. deliverB. produceC. handleD. help30. N o food or drink is allowed on the premises. The underlined part means ___________.A. propositionB. advertisementC. buildingD. streetPART IV CLOZE [10 MIN] Decide which of the words given in the box below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks. The words can be used ONCE ONLY. Mark the letter for each word on ANSWEREveryone knows that taxation is necessary in a modern state: without it, it would not be possible topay the soldiers and policemen who protect us; (31) ______ the workers in government offices who look after our health, our food, our water, and all the other things that we cannot do for ourselves. By (32) ______ of taxation, we pay for things that we need just as much as we need somewhere to live and something to eat.But though everyone knows that taxation is necessary, different people have different ideas about how taxation should be arranged.In most countries, a direct tax on persons, which is called income tax, (33) ______. It is arranged in such a (34) ______ that the poorest people pay nothing, and the percentage of tax grows larger as the taxpayer’s income grows. In some countries, for example, the tax on the richest people (35) ______ as high as ninety-five per cent!But countries with direct taxation nearly (36) ______ have indirect taxation too. Many things imported into the country have to pay taxes or “duties.” Of course, it is the men and women who buy these imported things in the shops who really have to pay the duties, in the (37) ______ of higher prices. In some countries, too, there is a tax on things sold in the shops. If the most necessary things are taxed, a lot of money is (38) ______ but the poor people suffer most. If unnecessary things (39) ______ jewels and fur coats are taxed, less money is obtained but the tax is (40) ______ as the rich pay it.PART V READING COMPREHENSION [35 MIN] SECTION A MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONSIn this section there are several passages followed by ten multiple-choice questions. For each question, there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer and mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO.PASSAGE ONE(1) The art of public speaking began in ancient Greece over 2,000 years ago. Now, twitter, instant messaging, e-mail, blogs and chat forums offer rival approaches to communication—but none can replace the role of a great speech.(2) The spoken word can handle various vital functions: persuading or inspiring, informing, paying tribute, entertaining, or simply introducing someone or something or accepting something.(3) Over the past year, the human voice has helped guide us over the ups and downs of what was certainly a stormy time.(4) Persuasion is used in dealing with or reconciling different points of view. When the leaders met in Copenhagen in December 2009, persuasive words from activists encouraged them to commit themselves to firmer action.(5) Inspirational speeches confront the emotions. They focus on topics and matters that are close to people’s hearts. During wars, generals used inspiring speeches to prepare the troops for battle.(6) A speech that conveys knowledge and enhances understanding can inform us. The information must be clear, accurate, and expressed in a meaningful and interesting way. When the H1N1 pandemic (流行病) was announced, the idea of “swine flu”(猪流感) scared many people. Informative speeches from World Health Organization officials helped people to keep their panic under control so they could take sensible precautions.(7) Sad events are never easy to deal with but a speech that pays tribute to the loss of a loved one and gives praise for their contribution can be Comforting. Madonna’s speech about. Michael Jackson, after his death, highlighted the fact that he will continue to live on through his music.(8) It’s not only in world forums where public speaking plays an important role. It can also be surprisingly helpful in the course of our own lives.(9) If you’re taking part in a debate you need to persuade the listeners of the soundness of your argument. In sports, athletes’know the importance of a pep talk(鼓舞士气的讲话) before a match to inspire teammates. Y ou yourself may be asked to do a presentation at college or work to inform the others about an area of vital importance.(10) On a more personal level, a friend may be upset and need comforting. Or you might be asked to introduce a speaker at a family event or to speak at a wedding, where your language will be needed to move people or make them laugh.(11) Great speaking ability is not something we’re born with. Even Barack Obama works hard to perfect every speech. For a brilliant speech, there are rules that you can put to good use. To learn those rules you have to practice and learn from some outstanding speeches in the past.41. T he author thinks the spoken word is still irreplaceable because ____________.A. it has always been used to inspire or persuade peopleB. it has a big role to play in the entertainment businessC. it is of great use in everyday-life contextD. it plays important roles in human communication42. W hich of the following statements is INCORRECT about the role of public speaking?A. Speeches at world forums can lead to effective solutions to world problems.B. Speeches from medical authorities can calm people down in times of pandemics.C. The morale of soldiers before a battle can be boosted by senior officers’ speeches.D. Speeches paying tribute to the dead can comfort the mourners.43. W hat is the main idea of the passage?A. Public speaking in international forums.B. Public speaking in daily life context.C. The many uses of public speaking.D. The rules of public speaking.PASSAGE TWO(1) Every business needs two things, says Skullcandy CEO Rick Alden: inspiration and desperation. In 2001, Alden had both. He’d sold two snowboarding businesses, and he was desperately bored. But he had an idea: He wanted to make a new kind of headphone.(2) “I kept seeing people missing their cell phone calls because they were listening to music,” he explains. “Then I’m in a chairlift(索道), I’ve got my headphones on, and I realize my phone is ringing. As I take my gloves off and reach for my phone,” I think, “It can’t be that tough to make headphones with two plugs, one for music and one for your cell phone.” Alden described what he wanted to a designer, perfected a prototype, and outsourced (外包) manufacturing overseas.(3) Alden then started designing headphones into helmets, backpacks—anywhere that would make it easy to listen to music while snowboarding. “Selling into board and skate shops wasn’t a big research effort,” he explains. “Those were the only guys I knew!”(4) Alden didn’t want to be a manufacturer. And by outsourcing, he’d hoped he could get the business off the ground without debt. But he was wrong. So he asked his wife: “Can I put a mortgage (抵押贷款) on the house? She said, ‘What is the worst thing that can happen? We lose the house, we sell our cars, and we start all over again.’ I definitely married the right woman!”(5) For the next two years, Alden juggled mortgage payments and payments to his manufacturers.“Factories won’t ship your product till they get paid,” he says. “But it takes four or five months to get a mortgage company so upset that they knock on your door. So we paid the factory first.”(6) Gradually, non-snowboarders began to notice the colourful headphones. In 2006, the company started selling them in 1,400 FYE (For Y our Entertainment stores. “We knew that nine out of ten people walking into that store would be learning about Skullcandy for the first time. Why would they look at brands they knew and take home a new brand instead? We had agreed to buy back anything we didn’t sell, but we were dealing with huge numbers. It’d kill us to take back all the products.”(7) Alden’s fears faded as Skullcandy became the No. 1 headphone seller in those stores and tripled its revenue to $120 million in one year. His key insight was that headphones weren’t gadgets; they were a fashion accessory. “In the beginning,” he says, “that little white wire that said you had an iPod—that was cool. But now wearing the white bud means you’re just like everyone else. Headphones occupy this critical piece of cranial real estate and are highly visible.(8) Today, Skullcandy is America’s second-largest headphone supplier, after Sony. With 79 employees, the company is bigger than Alden ever imagined.44. A lden came up with the idea of a new kind of headphone because he ____________.A. was no longer in snowboarding businessB. had no other business opportunitiesC. saw an inconvenience among mobile usersD. was very fond of modern music45. T he new headphone was originally designed for ____________.A. snowboardersB. motor cyclistsC. mountain hikersD. marathon runners PASSAGE THREE(1) I was standing in my kitchen wondering what to have for lunch when my friend Taj called.(2) “Sit down,” she said.(3) I thought she was going to tell me she had just gotten the haircut from hell. I laughed and said, “It can’t be that bad.”(4) But it was. Before the phone call, I had 30 years of retirement savings in a “safe” fund with a brilliant financial guru (金融大亨). When I put down the phone, my savings were gone. I felt as if I had died and, for some unknown reason, was still breathing.(5) Since Bernie Madoffs arrest on charges of running a $65 million Ponzi scheme, I’ve read many. articles about how we investors should have known what was going on. I wish I could say I had reservations about Madoff before “the Call”, but I did not.(6) On New Y ear’s. Eve, three. weeks after we lost our savings, six of us Madoff people gathered at Taj’s house for dinner. As we were sitting around the table, someone asked, “If you could have your money back right now, but it would mean giving up what you have learned by losing it, would you take the money or, would you take what losing the money has given you?”(7) My husband was still in financial shock. He said, “I just want my money back.” I wasn’t certain where I stood. I knew that losing our money had cracked me wide open. I’d been walking around like what the Buddhists call a hungry ghost: always focused on the bite that was yet to come, not the one in my mouth. No matter how much I ate or had or experienced, it didn’t satisfy me, because I wasn’t really taking it in, wasn’t absorbing it. Now I was forced to pay. attention. Still, I couldn’t honestly say that if someone had offered me the money back, I would turn it down.(8) But the other four all said that what they were seeing about themselves was incalculable, and they didn’t think it would have become apparent without the ground of financial stability being ripped out from underneath them.(9) My friend Michael said, “I’d started to get complacent. It’s as if the muscles of my heart started to atrophy (萎缩). Now they’re awake, alive—and I don’t want to go back.”(10) These weren’t just empty words. Michael and his wife needed to take in boarders to meet their expenses. Taj was so broke that she was moving into someone’s garage apartment in three weeks. Three friends had declared bankruptcy and weren’t sure where or how they were going to live.46. W hich of the following statements is CORRECT about her friends?A. Her friends valued their experience more.B. Her friends felt the same as she did.C. Her friends were in a better financial situation.D. Her friends were more optimistic than she.47. W hat is the message of the passage?A. Understanding gained is more important than money lost.B. It is natural to see varied responses to financial crises.C. Desire for money is human nature.D. One has to be decisive during crises.PASSAGE FOUR(1) In the 19th century, there used to be a model of how to be a good person. There are all these torrents of passion flowing through you. Y our job, as captain of your soul, is to erect dams to keep these passions in check. Y our job is to just say no to laziness, lust, greed, drug use and the other, sins.(2) These days that model is out of fashion. Y ou usually can’t change your behaviour by simply resolving to do something. Knowing what to do is not the same as being able to do it. Y our willpower is not like a dam that can block the torrent of self-indulgence. It’s more like a muscle, which tires easily. Moreover, you’re a social being. If everybody around you is overeating, you’ll probably do so, too.(3) The 19th century character model was based on an understanding of free will. Today, we know that free will is bounded. People can change their lives, but ordering change is not simple because many things, even within ourselves, are beyond our direct control.(4) Much of our behavior, for example, is guided by unconscious habits. Researchers at Duke University calculated that more than 40 percent of the actions we take are governed by habit, not actual decisions. Researchers have also come to understand the structure of habits—cue, routine, reward.(5) Y ou can change your own personal habits. If you leave running shorts on the floor at night, that’ll be a cue to go running in the morning. Don’t try to ignore your afternoon snack craving. Every time you feel the cue for a snack, insert another routine. Take a walk.(6)Their research thus implies a different character model, which is supposed to manipulate the neural (神经系统的) networks inside.(7) To be an effective person, under this model, you are supposed to coolly examine your own unconscious habits, and the habits of those under your care. Y ou are supposed to devise strategies to alter the cues and routines. Every relationship becomes slightly manipulative, including your relationship with yourself. Y ou’re trying to arouse certain responses by implanting certain cues.(8) This is a bit disturbing, because the important habitual neural networks are not formed by mereroutine, nor can they be reversed by clever cues. They are burned in by emotion and strengthened by strong yearnings, like the yearnings for admiration and righteousness.(9) If you think you can change your life in a clever way, the way an advertiser can get you to buy an air freshener, you’re probably wrong. As the Victorians understood, if you want to change your life, don’t just look for a clever cue. Commit to some larger global belief.48. W hich of the following is a key element in the 19t century character model?A. Passion.B. Determination.C. Capability.D. Action.49. T he 19t-century model supposedly does not work because ____________.A. it has worked unsatisfactorily most of the timeB. the comparison of free will to a dam is groundlessC. what one wishes to do should be considered carefullyD. there were many other factors beyond one’s control50. W e learn from the passage that the new character model ____________.A. has been used to change behaviour successfullyB. deals better with emotional aspects of behaviourC. stresses the neural and psychological aspects of habit changeD. can bring about changes in one’s life like what advertisers doSECTION B SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONSIn this section there are five short answer questions based on the passages in Section A. Answer the questions with NO more than TEN words in the space provided on ANSWER SHEET TWO.PASSAGE ONE51. What is the author’s view on “great speaking ability”?PASSAGE TWO52. How did Alden solve the money problem?53. What does Alden see headphones as?PASSAGE THREE54. What did the author learn from Taj’s call?PASSAGE FOUR55. What can be implied from the research at Duke University?PART VI WRITING [45 MIN] Nowadays, such new ways of consumption as coupons, online group-buying have emerged. Will new ways of shopping really make us smart customers? The following are the opinions of two different groups. Read carefully the opinions from both sides and write your response in about 200 words, in which you should first summarize briefly the opinions from both sides and give your view on the issue.Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization, language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks.Write your response on ANSWER SHEET THREE.-THE END-ANSWER SHEET 1 (TEM 4)请勿在此处作任何标记PART II LISTENING COMPREHENSIONSECTION A TALKKEYSPART I DICTATIONWhat Are Dreams for?One theory is that we dream to release the deep, secret desires. Another theory is that dreams allow us to solve problems that we can’t solve in real life. We go to sleep with a problem and wake up with the solution. If you believe that your dreams are important, then analyzing them may help you to focus on the problem and help you to find the solution. The modern image is that dreams are the brain’s way of cleaning up the computer’s hard disk. Dreams organize the events of the day into folders and delete what is not needed.PART II LISTENING COMPREHENSIONSECTION A1. theoretical concepts2. communication errors3. inadequate teaching skills4. beginning another idea5. ask questions6. different ways7. A friendly relationship 8. inquiring students’ grasp 9. Benefits / Advantages10. cooperate withSECTION B1. A2. B3. C4. D5. D6. C7. D8. C9. D 10. BPART III LANGUAGE USAGE11. B 12. A 13. A 14. C 15. B16. A 17. C 18. A 19. D 20. A21. B 22. D 23. A 24. C 25. A26. D 27. B 28. B 29. A 30. CPART IV CLOZE31. C 32. H 33. K 34. D 35. F36. N 37. L 38. G 39. B 40. JPART V READING COMPREHENSIONSECTION A41. A 42. C 43. C 44. C 45. D46. B 47. A 48. B 49. D 50. C SECTION B51. It plays important roles in human communication.52. He borrowed money from a mortgage company.53. They had lost their retirement savings.54. Understanding gained is more important than money lost.55. Habit is key to one’s behavior.PART VI WRITINGShould College Students Undertake Unpaid Work in the Community?Nowadays, it is a common phenomenon that college students are willing to work in the community for free. Some people hold the view that young students should make time for unpaid social work. They believe that what students learn from social work will lay a solid foundation for their future career. What’s more, they think young people can get guidance for their development in the community. The final point they insist is that it’s a huge financial expenditure for the local government to employ adults to do the same work.Nevertheless, those with opposite opinions believe that unpaid social work may influence students’study because they need to take time off from study to undertake the job. They also think the irritability of young people makes it difficult for the community to avoid or reconcile disputes among them. Moreover, the disparity among those volunteers increases the workload of the local governments to assign them the appropriate task.In my view, despite those drawbacks of voluntary social work, college students should still be encouraged to do unpaid work in the community. Since young people may always get lost under the control of the utilitarian idea, it’s better for them to think less about themselves and do more for the community.。
2013英语专业四级真题及答案详解(最新版本)
TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS (2013)—GRADE FOUR—TIME LIMIT: 130 MINPART 3 CLOZE 15 MINDecide which of the choices given below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks. Mark the best choice for each blank on Answer Sheet Two.Everyone knows that taxation is necessary in a modern state: without it, it (31) _____ not be po ssible to pay the soldiers and policemen who protect us; (32) _____ the workers in government of fices who (33) _____ our health, our food, our water, and all the other things that we cannot do for ourselves. (34) _____ taxation, we pay for things that we need just (35) _____ we need somewhe re to live and something to eat. But (36) _____ everyone knows that taxation is necessary, differe nt people have different ideas about (37)____ taxation should be arranged.In most countries, a direct tax on (38) _____, which is called income tax, (39) _____. It is arrang ed in such (40)______ that the poorest people pay nothing, and the percentage of tax grows (41) _ ___ as the taxpayer's income grows. In some countries, for example, the tax on the richest people (42)______ as high as ninety-five per cent! (43) _____ countries with taxation nearly (44) _____ have indirect taxation too. Many things imported into the country have to pay taxes or “duties.”Of course, it is the men and women who buy these imported things in the shops (45)______ really have to pay the duties, in the (46) ______ of higher prices. In some countries, (47) _____, there is a tax on things sold in the shops. If the most necessary things are taxed, a lot of money is (48) _ ___ but the poor people suffer most. If unnecessary things (49)___ jewels and fur coats are taxed, less money is obtained but the tax is (50) ______ as the rich pay it.Probably this last kind of indirect tax, together with a direct tax on incomes which is low for the p oor and high for the rich, is the best arrangement.PART 4 GRAMMAR & VOCABULARY 15 MINThere are thirty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Mark your an swers on Answer Sheet Two.51. Facing the board of directors, he didn‟t deny ________ breaking the agreement.A. himB. itC. hisD. its52. Xinchun returned from aboard a different man. The italicized part functions as a (n) ______.A. appositive (同位语)B. objectC. adverbialD. complement.53. Which of the following is a compound word (复合词)? ______.A. Nonsmoker.B. Deadline.C. Meanness.D. Misfit.54. Which of the following sentences contains subjunctive mood? ______.A. Lucy insisted that her son get home before 5 o’clock?B. She used to drive to work, but now she takes the city metro.C. Walk straight ahead, and don't turn till the second traffic lights.D. Paul will cancel his flight if he cannot get his visa by Friday.55. The following determiners(限定词) can be used with both plural and uncountable nouns EXCEPT ______.A. moreB. enough.C. many.D. such.56. Which of the italicized parts indicates CONTRAST? ______.A. She opened the door and quietly went in.B. Victoria likes music and Sam is fond of sports.C. Think it over again and you‟ll get an answer.D. He is somewhat arrogant, and I don't like this.57. Which of the following CANNOT be used as a nominal substitute(名词替代词)? ______.A. Much.B. Neither.C. One.D. Quarter.58. All the following sentences definitely indicate future time EXCEPT ______.A. Mother is to have tea with Aunt Betty at four.B. The President is coming to the UN next week.C. The school pupils will be home by now.D. He is going to email me the necessary information.59. Which of the following sentences is grammatically INCORRECT? ______.A. Politics are the art or science of government.B. Ten miles seems like a long walk to me.C. Mumps is a kind of infectious disease.D. All the furniture has arrived undamaged.60. Which of in the following phrases indicates a subject-predicate relationship? ______.A. The arrival of the touristsB. The law of NewtonC. The occupation of the islandD. The plays of Oscar Wilde61. Which of the following italicized parts serves as an appositive? ______.A. He is not the man to draw back.B. Tony hit back the urge to tell a lie.C. Larry has a large family to support.D. There is really nothing to fear.62. Which of the following is NOT an imperative sentence? ______.A.Let me drive you home, shall I?B.You will mind your own business!e and have dinner with us.D.I wish you could stay behind. ‘63. If it ______ tomorrow, the match would be put off.A. were to rainB. was to rainC. was rainingD. had rained64. Which of the following sentences expresses a fact? ______.A. Mary and her son must be home by now.B.Careless reading must give poor results.C. It‟s getting late, and I must leave now.D. He must be working late at the office.65. The following are all dynamic verbs(动态动词) EXCEPT ______.A. remain.B. turn.C. write.D. knock.66. ____ to school life was less difficult than the pupil had expected.A. AdheringB. AdoptingC.AdjustingD. Acquainting67. He is fed up with the same old dreary routine, and wants to quit his job. The underlined part means _________.A. dullB. boringC. longD. hard68. At last night‟s party Larry said something that I though was beyond me. The underlined part means ________.A. I was unable to doC. I was unable to stopB. I couldn’t understandD. I couldn’t tolerate69. The couple ______their old house and sold it for a vast profit.A. did forB. did inC.did withD. did up70. Sally contributed a lot to the project, but she never once accepted all the ____ for herself.A. creditB. attentionC. focusD. award71. The child nodded, apparently content with his mother‟s promise. The underlined part means _________.A. as far as one has learntB. as far as one is concernedC. as far as one can seeD. as far as one is told72. The ________ that sport builds character is well accepted by people nowadays.A. issueB. argumentC. pointD. sentence73. Everyone in the office knows that Melinda takes infinite care over her work. The underlined part means ________.A. limitedB. unnecessaryC. overdueD. much74. The new measure will reduce the chance of serious injury in the event of an accident. The underlined part means _________.A. if an accident happensB. if an accident can be preventedC. before an accidentD. during an accident75. Traditionally, local midwives would ________ all the babies in the area.A. handleB. produceC. deliverD. help76. No food or drink is allowed on the premises. The underlined part means ________.A. propositionB. advertisementC. buildingD. street77. The court would not accept his appeal unless ________ evidence is provided.A. conclusiveB. definiteC. eventualD. concluding78. As soon as he opened the door, a ________ of cold air swept through the house.A. flowB. movementC. rushD. blast79. She really wanted to say something at the meeting, but eventually ________ from it.A. preventedB. refrainedC. limitedD. restricted80. The couple told the decorator that they wanted their bedroom gaily painted. The underlined pa rt means _________.A. brightlyB. light-heartedlyC. cheerfullyD. lightlyPART V READING COMPREHENSION 25 MINIn this section there are four passages followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best ans wer. Mark your answers on Answer Sheet Two.TEXT AThe art of public speaking began in ancient Greece over 2,000 years ago. Now, twitter, instant me ssaging, e-mail, blogs and chat forums offer rival approaches to communication - but none can rep lace the role of a great speech.The spoken word can handle various vital functions: persuading or inspiring, informing, paying t ribute, entertaining, or simply introducing someone or something or accepting something. Over t he past year, the human voice has helped guide us over the ups and downs of what was certainly a stormy time.Persuasion is used in dealing with or reconciling different points of view. When the leaders met in Copenhagen in December 2009, persuasive words from activists encouraged them to commit them selves to firmer action. Inspirational speeches confront the emotions. They focus on topics and m atters that are close to people's hearts. During wars, generals used inspiring speeches to prepare the troops for battle.A speech that conveys knowledge and enhances understanding can inform us. The information m ust be clear, accurate, and expressed in a meaningful and interesting way.（流行病）announced, the idea of “swine flu” many people. Informative speeches from World Health Orga nization officials helped people to keep their panic under control so they could take sensible preca utions.Sad events are never easy to deal with but a speech that pays tribute to the loss of a loved one an d gives praise for their contribution can be comforting. Madonna's speech about Michael Jackson ,after his death, highlighted the fact that he will continue to live on through his music.It's not only in world forums where public speaking plays an important role. It can also be surprisi ngly helpful in the course of our own lives.If you‟re taking part in a debate you need to persuade the listeners of the soundness ofyour argument. In sports, athletes know the importance of a pep talk（鼓舞士气的讲话） before a match to inspire teammates. You yourself may be asked to do a presentation at colle ge or work to inform the others about an area of vital importance.On a more personal level, a friend may be upset and need comforting. Or you might beasked to introduce a speaker at a family event or to speak at a wedding, where your language will be needed to move people or make them laugh.Great speaking ability is not something we're born with. Even Barack Obama works hardto perfect every speech. For a brilliant speech, there are rules that you can put to good use. To lear n those rules you have to practice and learn from some outstanding speeches in the past.81. The author thinks the spoken word is still irreplaceable because ______.A. it has always been used to inspire or persuade people.B. it has a big role to play in the entertainment business.C. it plays important roles in human communication.D. it is of great use in everyday-life context.82. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT about the role of public speaking? _____A. Speeches at world forums can lead to effective solutions to world problems.B. Speeches from medical authorities can calm people down in times of pandemics.C. The morale of soldiers before a battle can be boosted by senior officers' speeches.D. Speeches paying tribute to the dead can comfort the mourners.83. Public speaking can play all the following roles EXCEPT ______.A. to convince people in a debate.B. to inform people at a presentation.C. to advise people at work.D. to entertain people at a wedding.84. According to the passage, which of the following best explains the author's view on ______ “great speaking ability”?A. It comes from observing rules.B. It can be perfected with easy effort.C. It can be acquired from birth.D. It comes from learning and practice.85. What is the main idea of the passage? ______.A. Public speaking in international forums.B. The many uses of public speaking.C. Public speaking in daily life context.D. The rules of public speaking.TEXT BEvery business needs two things, says Skullcandy CEO Rick Alden: inspiration and desperation. In 2001, Alden had both. He'd sold two snowboarding businesses, and he was desperately bored. But he had an idea: He wanted to make a new kind of headphone. “I kept seeing people missing their cell phone calls because they were listening to music,” he explains. Then I'm in a chairlift, I've got my headphones on, and I realize my phone is ringing. As 1 take my gloves off and reach f or my phone, I think, “It can't be that tough to make headphones with two plugs, one for music a nd one for your cell phone.” Alden described what he wanted to a designer, perfected a prototyp e, and outsourced（外包）manufacturing overseas.Alden then started designing headphones into helmets, backpacks - anywhere that would make it easy to listen to music while snowboarding. “Selling into board and skate shops wasn't a big res earch effort,” he explains. “Those were the only guys I knew!”Alden didn‟t want to be a manufacturer. And by outsourcing, he'd hoped he could get the business off the ground without debt. But he was wrong. So he asked his wife, “Can I put a （抵押贷款） on the house? She said, …What is the worst thing that can happen? Welose the house, we sell our cars, and we start all over again.‟ I definitely married the right woman!”For the next two years, Alden juggled mortgage payments and payments to his manufacturers. “Factories won't ship your product till they get paid,” he says. “But it takes four or five months t o get a mortgage company so upset that they knock on your door. So we paid the factory first.”Gradually, non-snowboarders began to notice the colorful headphones. In 2006, the company start ed selling them in 1,400 FYE (For Your Entertainment) stores. “We knew that nine out often peo ple walking into that store would be learning about Skullcandy for the first time. Why would the y look at brands they knew and take home a new brand instead? We had agreed to buy back anyth ing we didn’t sell, but we were dealing with huge numbers. It’d kill us to take back all the produc tsAlden‟s fears faded as Skullcandy became the No. 1 headphone seller in those stores and tripled its revenue to $120 million in one year. His key insight was that headphones weren’tgadgets; they were a fashion accessory. “In the beginning,” he says, “that little white wire that said you had an iPod ---that was cool. But now wearing the white bud means you’re just like e veryone else. Headphones occupy this critical piece of cranial real estate and are highly visible.”Today, Skullcandy is America's second-largest headphone supplier, after Sony. With 79 employees , the company is bigger than Alden ever imagined.86. Alden came up with the idea of a new kind of headphone because he ______.A. was no longer in snowboarding business.B. had no other business opportunities.C. was very fond of modern music.D. saw an inconvenience among mobile users.87. The new headphone was originally designed for ______.A. snowboarders.B. motorcyclists.C. mountain hikers.D. marathon runners.88. Did Alden solve the money problem? ______.A. He sold his house and his cars.B. Factories could ship products before being paid.C. He borrowed money from a mortgage company.D. He borrowed money from his wife's family.89. What did Alden do to promote sales in FYE stores? ______.A. He spent more money on product advertising.B. He promised to buy back products not sold.C. He agreed to sell products at a discount.D. He improved the colour design of the product.90. Alden sees headphones as ______.A. a sign of self-confidence.B. a symbol of status.C. part of fashion.D. a kind of device.TEXT CI was standing in my kitchen wondering what to have for lunch when my friend Taj called. “Sit down,” she said. I thought she was going to tell me she had just gotten the haircut from hell. I laughed and said, “It can't be that bad.”But it was. Before the phone call, I had 30 years of retirement saving in a “safe” fund with a brilliant financial guru（金融大亨）.When I put down the phone, my savings weregone. I felt as if I had died and, for some unknown reason, was still breathing.Since Bernie Madoff‟s arrest on charges of running a $65 million Ponzi scheme, I'veread many articles about how we investors should have known what was going on. I wish Icould say I had reservations about Madoff before “the Call”, but I did not.On New Year's Eve, three weeks after we lost our savings, six of us Madoff people gathered atTaj's house for dinner. As we were sitting around the table, someone asked, “If you could have your money back right now, but it would mean giving up what you have learned by losing it, would you take the money or would you take what losing the money has given you?”My husband was still in financial shock. He said, “I just want the money back.” I wasn't certai n where I stood. I knew that losing our money had cracked me wide open. I’d been walking aroun d like what the Buddhists call a hungry ghost: always focused on the bite that was yet to come, n ot the one in my mouth. No matter how much I ate or had or experienced, it didn’t satisfy me, be cause I wasn’t really taking it in, wasn't absorbing it. Now I was forced to pay attention. Still, I c ouldn't honestly say that if someone had offered me the money back, I would turn it down.But the other four all said that what they were seeing about themselves was incalculable, and they didn’t think it would have become apparent without the ground of financial stability being ripped out from underneath them.My friend Michael said,I’d started to get complacent. It’s as if the muscles of my heart started to a trophy（萎缩）. Now they‟re awake, alive—and I don‟t want to go back.”Theseweren’tjust empty words. Michael and his wife needed to take in boarders to meet their expenses. Taj was so broke that she was moving into someone’s garage apartment in three weeks. Three friends had declared bankruptcy and weren't sure where or how they were going to live.91. What did the author learn from Taj‟s call?A. had got an awful haircut.B. They had lost their retirement savings.C. Taj had just retired from work.D. They were going to meet for lunch.92. How did the author feel in the following weeks?A. Angry.B. Disappointed.C. Indifferent.D. Desperate.93. According to the passage, to which was she “forced to pay attention”?A. Her friends.B. Her husband.C. Her lost savings.D. Her experience.94. Which of the following statements is CORRECT about her friends?A. Her friends valued their experience more.B. Her friends felt the same as she did.C. Her friends were in a better financial situation.D Her friends were more optimistic than she.95. What is the message of the passage?A. Desire for money is human nature.B. One has to be decisive during crises.C. Understanding gained is more important than money lost.D. It is natural to see varied responses to financial crises.TEXT DIn the 19th century, there used to be a model of how to be a good person. There are all these torren ts of passion flowing through you. Your job, as captain of your soul, is to erect dams to keep these passions in check. Your job is to just say no to laziness, lust, greed, drug use and the other sins. These days that model is out of fashion. You usually can’t change your behaviour by simply resol ving to do something. Knowing what to do is not the same as being able to do it.Your willpower is not like a dam that can block the torrent of self-indulgence. It's more like a mu scle, which tires easily. Moreover, you're a social being. If everybody around you is overeating, y ou‟ll probably do so, too.The 19th-century character model was based on an understanding of free will. Today, weknow that free will is bounded. People can change their lives, but ordering change is notsimple because many things, even within ourselves, are beyond our direct control.Much of our behaviour, for example, is guided by unconscious habits. Researchers atDuke University calculated that more than 40 percent of the actions we take are governed byhabit, not actual decisions. Researchers have also come to understand the structure of habits—cue, routine, reward.You can change your own personal habits. If you leave running shorts on the floor atnight, that'll be a cue to go running in the morning. Don‟t try to ignore your afternoon snackcraving. Every time you feel the cue for a snack, insert another routine. Take a walk.Their research thus implies a different character model, which is supposed to manipulatethe neural（神经系统的）networks inside.To be an effective person, under this model, you are supposed to coolly examine yourown unconscious habits, and the habits of those under your care. You are supposed to devisestrategies to alter the cues and routines. Every relationship becomes slightly manipulative, inclu ding your relationship with yourself. You're trying to arouse certain responses by implanting cert ain cues.This is a bit disturbing, because the important habitual neural networks are not formedby mere routine, nor can they be reversed by clever cues. They are burned in by emotion and strengthened by strong yearnings, like the yearnings for admiration and righteousness. If you think you can change your life in a clever way, the way an advertiser can get you to buy an air freshene r, you're probably wrong. As the Victorians understood, if you want to change your life, don’t just look for a clever cue. Commit to some larger global belief.96. Which of the following is a key element in the 19th-century character model?A. Passion.B. Action.C. Capability.D. Determination.97. The 19th-century model supposedly does not work because ______.A. there were many other factors beyond one's control.B. it has worked unsatisfactorily most of the time.C. the comparison of free will to a dam is groundless.D. what one wishes to do should be considered carefully.98. What is the main implication of the research at Duke University?A. Habit is key to one's behaviour.B. One's behaviour is difficult to change.C. Both habit and will power are important.D. Habit has an unidentified structure.99. According to the new character model, personal behaviour could be altered through ______.A. cues to stop all the former unconscious habits.B. cues to manipulate the habitual neural responses.C. techniques to devise different physical cues.D. techniques to supplement old routines.100. We learn from the passage that the new character model ______.A. stresses the neural and psychological aspects of habit change.B. can bring about changes in one's life like what advertisers do.C. has been used to change behaviour successfully.D. deals better with emotional aspects of behaviour.附：【答案详解】PART 3 CLOZE31-40 DACBD CBACB41-50 DCADB BCDBBPART 4 GRAMMAR & VOCABULARY51. Facing the board of directors,he didn't deny __________ breaking the agreement.A. himB. itC. hisD. its解析：本题考查动名词的逻辑主语。
2013年英语专业四级真题及解析
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专业英语四级2013真题及答案解析
专业英语四级2013真题及答案解析专业英语四级真题2013年PART Ⅰ DICTATION1、Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be done at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be done at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work. You will then be given 2 minutes to check through your work once more.Please write the whole passage on ANSWER SHEET ONE.PART Ⅱ LISTENING COMPREHENSIONIn Sections A, B and C you will hear everything ONCE ONLY Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Mark the best answer to each question on Answer Sheet Two.SECTION A CONVERSATIONSIn this section you will hear several conversations. Listen to the conversations carefully and then answer the questions that follow.1、 According to the conversation, an example of "Christmas trimmings" could beA. presentsB. fruitsC. sauceD. meat2、 A Christmas lunch would include all the following EXCEPTA. carrotsB. meatC. sweet potatoesD. roast turkey3、 Why did Helen come to Rob's house?A. She wanted to talk to RobB. She had come to help RobC. She had been invited to lunchD. She was interested in cooking4、 Why did the woman phone the club?A. She wanted to know more about itB. She was a new comer and felt lonelyC. She wanted to learn a new languageD. She was interested in social activities5、 We learn from the conversation that the clubA. mainly organizes language activitiesB. accepts members from local studentsC. has been set up for a long timeD. is increasing its membership6、 According to the conversation, the woman might come to practice German onA. WednesdayB. TuesdayC. MondayD. Friday7、 What is the man going to do after the conversation?A. Call up the woman for her addressB. Mail the woman some informationC. Wait for the woman to call him againD. Wait for the woman to pick up a form8、According to the woman, what actually makes her job difficult?A. Difficult questions from intervieweesB. Embarrassing requests from intervieweesC. Lack of professional backgroundD. Lack of interviewing skills9、 The woman uses all the following adjectives when talking about attending job fairs EXCEPTA. prospectiveB. usefulC. importantD. tiring10、 We learn from the conversation that the womanA. works better at job fairsB. prefers honest peopleC. often works on her ownD. is experienced in her workSECTION B PASSAGESIn this section, you will hear several passages. Listen to the passages carefully and then answer the questions that follow.11、According to today's weather forecast, which part of Europe has dry weather?A. Northern EuropeB. Southern EuropeC. Northwestern EuropeD. Scandinavian mountains12、 In which part of Europe does the weather stay both fine and cool?A. Southern EuropeB. Northern EuropeC. Northwestern EuropeD. Eastern Europe13、 In which region will the weather change tomorrow?A. Central parts of the MediterraneanB. Eastern parts of the MediterraneanC. Southern parts of the MediterraneanD. Northern parts of the Mediterranean14、 According to the passage, what benefit can technology bring to people?A. More useful information to better their lifeB. Greater changes in social organizationC. Better understanding of mass mediaD. Closer contact with modem devices15、The speaker questions about everybody's access to technological advances. The main reason isA. illiteracyB. food shortageC. povertyD. ignorance16、According to the UN plan, all the following will be achieved within ten years EXCEPTA. giving everyone a radio or TVB. providing more job opportunitiesC. offering internet service to more peopleD. starting to carry out the scheme in ten years17、 What could be the topic of the passage?A. Growth in telecommunicationsB. Technology and the developing worldC. Building an information societyD. Education and medical care18、People in Latin America wear something ______ to express their hopes for wealth in the New Year.A. yellowB. whiteC. redD. new19、Which of the following New Year's traditions signals friendship?A. Eating round fruitsB. Wearing something redC. Wearing something whiteD. Throwing old dishes20、 Which of the following is NOT mentioned as one's own New Year's tradition?A. Watching TV at homeB. Visiting friendsC. Going to bed earlyD. Running and shouting outsideSECTION C NEWS BROADCASTIn this section, you will hear several news items. Listen to them carefully and then answer the questions that follow.21、 What is happening to the schools in Fairfax County this school year?A. 15 schools have started social studiesB. 15 schools have used digital textbooksC. Digital textbooks are used for social studiesD. Students are ready to use electronic resources22、 With digital textbooks, schools have saved about ______ million dollarsA. 1B. 2C. 3D. 423、 Who found the suspicious item at the airport?A. FBI agentsB. TSA agentsC. The policeD. Passengers24、 Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?A. The terminal was closed temporarily afterwardsB. There was a thorough search inside the airportC. The security authorities identified the explosivesD. Passengers at the airport were safe and sound25、 According to the news item, doctors use art therapy to treat the following problems EXCEPTA. smokingB. alcohol abuseC. depressionD. schizophrenia26、 Why did doctors introduce art therapy in the first place?A. To prevent patients from smokingB. To better understand patientsC. To teach patients some skillsD. To get patients occupied27、 What is the main purpose of the new rules?A. To reduce the number of pilots on dutyB. To prevent pilots from working overtimeC. To ensure an adequate amount of sleepD. To fix the amount of work for each pilot28、 The Independent Pilots Association was unhappy about the new rules because theyA. had failed to cover all the pilotsB. had only covered cargo plane pilotsC. would be put into effect in two yearsD. would be too costly if implemented29、 Why is increase in livestock production necessary?A. Because livestock production is highly efficient.B. Because more people will become wealthier.C. Because it has fewer ecological risks.D. Because it may help double food production.30、 What does the word "challenge" mean in the news item?A. Conflict between less land and more production.B. Balance between human survival and ecology.C. Difference between present and future needs.D. Calls by environmental critics to consume less meat.PART Ⅲ CLOZEDecide which of the choices given below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks. Mark the best choice for each blank on Answer Sheet Two. Everyone knows that taxation is necessary in a modem state: without it, it (31) not be possible to pay the soldiers and policemen who protect us; (32) the workers in government offices who (33) our health, our food, our water, and all the other things that we cannot do for ourselves. (34) taxation, we pay for things that we needjust (35) we need somewhere to live and something to eat.But (36) everyone knows that taxation is necessary, different people have different ideas about (37) taxation should be arranged.In most countries, a direct tax on (38) , which is called income tax, (39) It is arranged in such a (40) that the poorest people pay nothing, and the percentage of tax grows (41) as the taxpayer'sincome grows. In some countries, for example, the tax on the richest people (42) as high as ninety-five per cent!(43) countries with direct taxation nearly (44) have indirect taxation too. Many things imported into the country have to pay taxes or "duties." Of course, it is the men and women who buy these imported things in the shops (45) really have to pay the duties, in the (46) of higher prices. In some countries, (47) , there is a tax on things sold in the shops. If the most necessary things are taxed, a lot of money is (48) but the poor people suffer most. If unnecessary things (49) jewels and fur coats are taxed, less money is obtained but the tax is (50) , as the rich pay it.31、 A. can B. mayC. wouldD. could32、 A. neither B. norC. neverD. not33、 A. look after B. look overC. look intoD. look through34、 A. In accordance with B. With reference toC. By means ofD. On account of35、 A. as well as B. as much asC. as such asD. as good as36、 A. if B. whenC. asD. though37、 A. how B. whenD. which38、 A. communities B. sectorsC. personsD. classes39、 A. remains B. existsC. staysD. happens40、 A. measure B. methodC. formD. way41、 A. more B. largerC. quickerD. speedier42、 A. grows up B. increases upC. goes upD. lifts up43、 A. And B. ConsequentlyC. SimilarlyD. But44、 A. almost B. alwaysC. oftenD. periodically45、 A. which B. whoC. whatD. whom46、 A. manner B. wayC. meansD. form47、 A. either B. alsoD. often48、 A. collected B. borrowedC. savedD. lent49、 A. as B. forC. alikeD. like50、 A. heavier B. fairerC. finerD. betterPART Ⅳ GRAMMAR AND VOCABULARYThere are thirty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words, phrases or statements marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word, phrase or statement that best completes the sentence.Mark your answers on Answer Sheet Two.51、Facing the board of directors, he didn't deny ______ breaking the agreement.A. himB. hisC. itD. its52、Xinchun returned from abroad a different man. The italicized part functions asa(n)______in the sentence.A. appositive (同位语)B. objectC. adverbialD. complement53、 Which of the following is a compound word (复合词)?A. NonsmokerB. MeannessC. DeadlineD. Misfit54、 Which of the following sentences contains subjunctive mood?A. Lucy insisted that her son get home before 5 o'clock.B. She used to drive to work, but now she takes the city metro.C. Walk straight ahead, and don't turn till the second traffic lights.D. Paul will cancel his flight if he cannot get his visa by Friday.55、The following determiners (限定词) can be used with both plural and uncountable nouns EXCEPTA. manyB. enoughC. moreD. such56、 Which of the italicized parts indicates CONTRAST?A. She opened the door and quietly went inB. Think it over again and you'll get an answerC. Victoria likes music and Sam is fond of sportsD. He is somewhat arrogant, and I don't like this57、 Which of the following CANNOT be used as a nominal substitute (名词替代词)?A. MuchB. NeitherC. OneD. Quarter58、All the following sentences definitely indicate futuretime EXCEPTA. Mother is to have tea with Aunt Betty at fourB. The school pupils will be home by nowC. The President is coming to the 'UN next weekD. He is going to email me the necessary information59、Which of the following sentences is grammatically INCORRECT?A. Politics are the art or science of governmentB. Ten miles seems like a long walk to meC. Mumps is a kind of infectious diseaseD. All the furniture has arrived undamaged60、 Which of in the following phrases indicates a subject-predicate relationship?A. The occupation of the islandB. The law of NewtonC. The arrival of the touristsD. The plays of Oscar Wilde61、Which of the following italicized parts serves as an appositive?A. He is not the man to draw backB. Larry has a large family to supportC. Tony hit back the urge to tell a lieD. There is really nothing to fear62、 Which of the following is NOT an imperative sentence?A. I wish you could stay behindB. You will mind your own business!C. Come and have dinner with usD. Let me drive you home, shall I?63、 If it ______ tomorrow, the match would be put off.A. was to rainB. were to rainC. was rainingD. had rained64、 Which of the following sentences expresses a fact?A. Mary and her son must be home by now.B. Careless reading must give poor results.C. He must be working late at the office.D. It's getting late, and I must leave now.65、 The following are all dynamic verbs (动态动词) EXCEPTA. remain.B. turn.C. write.D. knock.66、 ______to school life was less difficult than the pupil had expected.A. AdheringB. AdjustingC. AdoptingD. Acquainting67、 He is fed up with the same old dreary routine, and wants to quit his job. The underlined part meansA. hard.B. tiring.C. long.D. dull.68、 At last night's party Larry said something that I thought was beyond me. The underlined part meansA. I couldn't understand.B. I was unable to do.C. I couldn't tolerate.D. I was unable to stop.69、 The couple ______ their old house and sold it for a vast profit.A. did forB. did inC. did upD. did with70、 Sally contributed a lot to the project, but she never once accepted all the ______ for herself.A. creditB. attentionC. focusD. award71、 The child nodded, apparently content with his mother's promise. The underlined part meansA. as far as one has learnt.B. as far as one is concerned.C. as far as one can see.D. as far as one is told.72、 The______that sport builds character is well accepted by people nowadays.A. argumentB. issueC. pointD. sentence73、 Everyone in the office knows that Melinda takes infinite care over her work. The underlined part meansA. limited.B. unnecessary.C. overdue.D. much.74、The new measure will reduce the chance of serious injury in the event of an accident. The underlined part meansA. if an accident can be prevented.B. if an accident happens.C. before an accident.D. during an accident.75、 Traditionally, local midwives would ______ all the babies in the area.A. deliverB. produceC. handleD. help76、No food or drink is allowed on the premises. The underlined part meansA. proposition.B. advertisement.C. building.D. street.77、The court would not accept his appeal unless ______evidence is provided.A. definiteB. conclusiveC. eventualD. concluding78、 As soon as he opened the door, a ______ of cold air swept through the house.A. flowB. movementC. rushD. blast79、 She really wanted to say something at the meeting, but eventually ______ from it.A. refrainedB. preventedC. limitedD. restricted80、 The couple told the decorator that. they wanted their bedroom gaily painted. The underlined part meansA. cheerfully.B. light-heartedly.C. brightly.D. lightly.PART Ⅴ READING COMPREHENSIONIn this section there are four passages followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer.Mark your answers on Answer Sheet Two.TEXT AThe art of public speaking began in ancient Greece over 2,000 years ago. Now, twitter, instant messenging, e-mail, blogs and chat forums offer rival approaches to communication-but none can replace the role of a great speech.The spoken word can handle various vital functions: persuading or inspiring, informing, paying tribute, entertaining, or simply introducing someone or something or accepting something.Over the past year, the human voice has helped guide us over the ups and downs of what was certainly a stormy time.Persuasion is used in dealing with or reconciling different points of view. When the leaders met in Copenhagen in December 2009, persuasive words from activists encouraged them to commit themselves to firmer action.Inspirational speeches confront the emotions. They focus on topics and matters that are close to people's hearts. During wars, generals used inspiring speeches to prepare the troops for battle.A speech that conveys knowledge and enhances understanding can inform us. The information must be clear, accurate, and expressed in a meaningful and interesting way. When the HINI pandemic (流行病) was announced, the idea of "swine flu" (猪流感) scared many people. Informative speeches from World Health Organization officials helped people to keep their panic under control so they could take sensible precautions. Sad events are never easy to deal with but a speech that pays tribute to the loss of a loved one and gives praise for their contribution can be comforting. Madonna's speech about Michael Jackson, after his death, highlighted the fact that he will continue to live on through his music.It's not only in world forums where public speaking plays an important role. It can also be surprisingly helpful in the course of our own lives.If you're taking part in a debate you need to persuade the listeners of the soundness of your argument. In sports, athletes know the importance of a pep talk (鼓舞士气的讲话) before a match to inspire teammates. You yourself may be asked to do a presentation at college or work to inform the others about an area of vital importance.On a more personal level, a friend may be upset and need comforting. Or you might be asked to introduce a speaker at afamily event or to speak at a wedding, where your language will be needed to move people or make them laugh.Great speaking ability is not something we're born with. Even Barack Obama works hard to perfect every speech. For a brilliant speech, there are rules that you can put togood use. To learn those rules you have to practice and learn from some outstanding speeches in the past.81、 The author thinks the spoken word is still irreplaceable becauseA. it has always been used to inspire or persuade people.B. it has a big role to play in the entertainment business.C. it is of great use in everyday-life context.D. it plays important roles in human communication.82、 Which of the following statements is INCORRECT about the role of public speaking?A. Speeches at world forums can lead to effective solutions to world problems.B. Speeches from medical authorities can calm people down in times of pandemics.C. The morale of soldiers before a battle can be boosted by senior officers speeches.D. Speeches paying tribute to the dead can comfort the mourners.83、 Public speaking can play all the following roles EXCEPTA. to convince people in a debate.B. to inform people at a presentation.C. to advise people at work.D. to entertain people at a wedding.84、 According to the passage, which of the following best explains the author's view on "great speaking ability"?A. It comes from observing rules.B. It comes from learning and practice.C. It can be perfected with easy effort.D. It can be acquired from birth.85、 What is the main idea of the passage?A. Public speaking in international forums.B. Public speaking in daily life context.C. The many uses of public speaking.D. The rules of public speaking.TEXT BEvery business needs two things, says Skullcandy CEO Rick Alden: inspiration and desperation. In 2001, Alden had both. He'd sold two snowboarding businesses, and he was desperately bored. But he had an idea: He wanted to make a new kind of headphone. "I kept seeing people missing their cell phone calls because they were listening to music," he explains. "Then I'm in a chairlift(索道), I've got my headphones on, and I realize my phone is ringing. As I take my gloves off and reach for my phone, I think, "It can't be that tough to make headphones with two plugs, one for music and one for your cell phone." Alden described what he wanted to a designer, perfected a prototype, and outsourced (外包) manufacturing overseas.Alden then started designing headphones into helmets, backpacks-anywhere that would make it easy to listen to music while snowboarding. "Selling into board and skate shops wasn't a big research effort," he explains. "Those were the only guys I knew! "Alden didn't want to be a manufacturer. And by outsourcing, he'd hoped he could get the business off the ground without debt. But he was wrong. So he asked his wife: "Can I put amortgage (抵押贷款) on the house? She said, 'What is the worst thing that can happen? We lose the house, we sell our cars, and we start all over again.'I definitelymarried the right woman! "For the next two years, Alden juggled mortgage payments and payments to his manufacturers. "Factories won't ship your product till they get paid," he says. "But it takes four or five months to get a mortgage company so upset that they knock on your door. So we paid the factory first."Gradually, non-snowboarders began .to notice the colourful headphones. In 2006, the company started selling them in 1,400 FYE (For Your Entertainment) stores. "We knew that nine out of ten people walking into that store would be learning about Skullcandy for the first time. Why would they look at brands they knew and take home a new brand instead? We had agreed to buy back anything we didn't sell, but we were dealing with huge numbers. It'd kill us to take back all the products."Alden's fears faded as Skullcandy became the No. 1 headphone seller in those stores and tripled its revenue to $120 million in one year. His key insight was that headphones weren't gadgets; they were a fashion accessory. "In the beginning," he says, "that little white wire that said you had an iPod-that was cool. But now wearing the white bud means you're just like everyone else. Headphones occupy this critical piece of cranial real estate and are highly visible."Today, Skullcandy is America's second-largest headphone supplier, after Sony. With 79 employees, the company is bigger than Alden ever imagined.86、Alden came up with the idea of a new kind of headphone because heA. was no longer in snowboarding business.B. had no other business opportunities.C. saw an inconvenience among mobile users.D. was very fond of modern music.87、 The new headphone was originally designed forA. snowboarders.B. motor cyclists.C. mountain hikers.D. marathon runners.88、 How did Alden solve the money problem?A. He sold his house and his cars.B. Factories could ship products before being paid.C. He borrowed money from a mortgage company.D. He borrowed money from his wife's family.89、 What did Alden do to promote sales in FYE stores?A. He spent more money on product advertising.B. He agreed to sell products at a discount.C. He improved the colour design of the product.D. He promised to buy back products not sold.90、 Alden sees headphones asA. a kind of device.B. part of fashion.C. a symbol of status.D. a sign of self-confidence.TEXT CI was standing in my kitchen wondering what to have for lunch when my friend Tai called."Sit down," she said.I thought she was going to tell me she had just gotten the haircut from hell. I laughed and said, ."It can't be that bad."But it was. Before the phone call, I had 30 years of retirement savings in a "safe" fund with a brilliant financial guru (金融大亨 ). When I put down the phone, my savings were gone. I felt as if I had died and, for some unknown reason, was still breathing.Since Bernie Madoffs arrest on charges of running a $65 million Ponzi scheme, I've read many articles about how we investors should have .known what was going on. I wish I could say I had reservations about Madoff before "the Call", but I did not.On New Year's Eve, three weeks after we lost our savings, six of us Madoff people gathered at Tai's house for dinner. As we were sitting around the table, someone asked, "If you could have your money back right now, but it would mean giving up what you have learned by losing it, would you take the money or would you take what losing the money has given you?"My husband was still in financial shock. He said, "I just want my money back." I wasn't certain where I stood. I knew that losing our money had cracked me wide open. I'd been walking around like what the Buddhists call a hungry ghost: always focused on the bite that was yet to come, not the one in my mouth. No matter how much I ate or had or experienced, it didn't satisfy me, because I wasn't really taking it in, wasn't absorbing it. Now I was forced to pay attention. Still, I couldn't honestly say that if someone had offered me the money back, I would turn it down.But the other four all said that what they were seeing about themselves was incalculable, arid they didn't think it would have become apparent without the ground of financial stability being ripped out from underneath them.My friend Michael said, "I'd started to get complacent. It's as if the muscles of my heart started to atrophy (萎缩). Now they'reawake, alive-and I don't want to go back."These weren't just empty words. Michael and his wife needed to take in boarders to meet their expenses. Taj was so broke that she was moving into someone's garage apartment in three weeks. Three friends had declared bankruptcy and weren't sure where or how they were going to live.91、 What did the author learn from Taj's call?A. Taj had got an awful haircut.B. They had lost their retirement savings.C. Taj had just retired from work.D. They were going to meet for lunch.92、 How did the author feel in the following weeks?A. Angry.B. Disappointed.C. Indifferent.D. Desperate.93、 According to the passage, to which was she forced to pay attention"?A. Her friends.B. Her husband.C. Her lost savings.D. Her experience.94、 Which of the following statements is CORRECT about her friends?A. Her friends valued their experience more.B. Her friends felt the same as she did.C. Her friends were in a better financial situation.D. Her friends were more optimistic than she.95、 What is the message of the passage?A. Understanding gained is more important than money lost.B. It is natural to see varied responses to financial crises.C. Desire for money is human nature.D. One has to be decisive during crises.TEXT DIn the 19th century, there used to be a model of how to be a good person. There are all these torrents of passion flowing through you. Your job, as captain of your soul, is to erect dams to keep these passions in check. Your job is to just say no to laziness, lust, greed, drug use and the other sins.These days that model is out of fashion. You usually can't change your behaviour by simply resolving to do something. Knowing what to do is not the same as being able to do it. Your willpower is not like a dam that can block the torrent of self-indulgence. It's more like a muscle, which tires easily. Moreover, you're a social being. If everybody around you is overeating, you'll probably do so, too.The 19th-century character model was based on an understanding of free will. Today, we know that free will is bounded. People can change their lives, but ordering change is not simple because many things, even within ourselves, are beyond our direct control.Much of our behavior, for example, is guided by unconscious habits. Researchers at Duke University calculated that more than 40 percent of the actions we take are governed by habit, not actual decisions. Researchers have also come to understand the structure of habits-cue, routine, reward.You can change your own personal habits. If you leave running shorts on the floor at night, that'll be a cue to go running in the morning. Don't try to ignore your afternoon snack craving. Every time you feel the cue for a snack, insert another routine.。
2013专四真题及解析
TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS (2013)—GRADE FOUR—TIME LIMIT: 135 MINPART I DICTATION [15 MIN]Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be done at normal speed, list en and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the pa ssage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be done at normal speed again and during thi s time you should check your work. You will then be given 2 minutes to check th rough your work once more.Please write the whole passage on ANSWER SHEET ONE.PART II LISTENING COMPREHENSION [20 MIN]In Sections A, B and C you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Mark the best answer to each questi on on Answer Sheet Two.SECTION A CONVERSATIONSIn this section you will hear several conversations. Listen to the conversa tions carefully and then answer the questions that follow.Questions 1 to 3 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the conversation.1. According to the conversation, an example of “Christmas trimmings” cou ld beA. presents.B. fruits.C. sauce.D. meat.2. A Christmas lunch would include all the following EXCEPTA. roast turkey.B. sweet potatoes.C. meat.D. carrots.3. Why did Helen come to Rob’s house?A. She wanted to talk to Rob.B. She had come to help Rob.C. She had been invited to lunch.D. She was interested in cooking.Questions 4 to 7 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the conversation.4. Why did the woman phone the club?A. She wanted to know more about it.B. She was a new comer and felt lonely.C. She wanted to learn a new language.D. She was interested in social activities.5. We learn from the conversation that the clubA. mainly organizes language activities.B. accepts members from local students.C. has been set up for a long time.D. is increasing its membership.6. According to the conversation, the woman might come to practice German o nA. Wednesday.B. Tuesday.C. Monday.D. Friday.7. What is the man going to do after the conversation?A. Call up the woman for her address.B. Wait for the woman to call him again.C. Mail the woman some information.D. Wait for the woman to pick up a form.Questions 8 to 10 are based on the following conversation. At the end of th e conversation, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the conversation.8. According to the woman, what actually makes her job difficult?A. Difficult questions from interviewees.B. Embarrassing requests from interviewees.C. Lack of professional background.D. Lack of interviewing skills.9. The woman uses all the following adjectives when talking about attending job fairs EXCEPTA. prospective.B. useful.C. important.D. tiring.10. We learn from the conversation that the womanA. works better at job fairs.B. prefers honest people.C. often works on her own.D. is experienced in her work.SECTION B PASSAGESIn this section, you will hear several passages. Listen to the passages car efully and then answer the questions that follow.Questions 11 to 13 are based on the following passage. At the end of the pa ssage, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the passage.11. According to today's weather forecast, which part of Europe has dry wea ther?A. Scandinavian mountains.B. Northwestern Europe.C. Northern Europe.D. Southern Europe.12. In which part of Europe does the weather stay both fine and cool?A. Southern Europe.B. Northern Europe.C. Eastern Europe.D. Northwestern Europe.13. In which region will the weather change tomorrow?A. Northern parts of the Mediterranean.B. Eastern parts of the Mediterranean.C. Central parts of the Mediterranean.D. Southern parts of the Mediterranean.Questions 14 to 17 are based on the following passage. At the end of the pa ssage, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the passage.14. According to the passage, what benefit can technology bring to people?A. Closer contact with modern devices.B. Greater changes in social organization.C. Better understanding of mass media.D. More useful information to better their life.15. The speaker questions about everybody's access to technological advance s. The main reason isA. illiteracy.B. poverty.C. food shortage.D. ignorance.16. According to the UN plan, all the following will be achieved within ten years EXCEPTA. giving everyone a radio or TV.B. starting to carry out the scheme in ten years.C. offering internet service to more people.D. providing more job opportunities.17. What could be the topic of the passage?A. Growth in telecommunications.B. Technology and the developing world.C. Education and medical care.D. Building an information society.Questions 18 to 20 are based on the following passage. At the end of the pa ssage, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the passage.18. People in Latin America wear something __________ to express their hope s for wealth in the New Year.A. newB. redC. whiteD. yellow19. Which of the following New Year’s traditions signals friendship?A. Throwing old dishes.B. Wearing something red.C. Wearing something white.D. Eating round fruits.20. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as one's own New Year's traditi on?A. Watching TV at home.B. Going to bed early.C. Visiting friends.D. Running and shouting outside.SECTION C NEWS BROADCASTIn this section, you will hear several news items. Listen to them carefully and then answer the questions that follow.Questions 21 and 22 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the news.21. What is happening to the schools in Fairfax County this school year?A. 15 schools have started social studies.B. 15 schools have used digital textbooks.C. Students are ready to use electronic resources.D. Digital textbooks are used for social studies.22. With digital textbooks, schools have saved about __________ million dol lars.A. 1B. 2C. 3D. 4Questions 23 and 24 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the news.23. Who found the suspicious item at the airport?A. TSA agents.B. FBI agents.C. The police.D. Passengers.24. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?A. The terminal was closed temporarily afterwards.B. There was a thorough search inside the airport.C. Passengers at the airport were safe and sound.D. The security authorities identified the explosives.Questions 25 and 26 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the news.25. According to the news item, doctors use art therapy to treat the follow ing problems EXCEPTA. alcohol abuse.B. smoking.C. depression.D. schizophrenia.26. Why did doctors introduce art therapy in the first place?A. To prevent patients from smoking.B. To better understand patients.C. To get patients occupied.D. To teach patients some skills.Question 27 and 28 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the news.27. What is the main purpose of the new rules?A. To reduce the number of pilots on duty.B. To prevent pilots from working overtime.C. To ensure an adequate amount of sleep.D. To fix the amount of work for each pilot.28. The Independent Pilots Association was unhappy about the new rules beca use theyA. had only covered cargo plane pilots.B. had failed to cover all the pilots.C. would be put into effect in two years.D. would be too costly if implemented.Questions 29 and 30 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the news.29. Why is increase in livestock production necessary?A. Because livestock production is highly efficient.B. Because more people will become wealthier.C. Because it may help double food production.D. Because it has fewer ecological risks.30. What does the word “challenge” mean in the news item?A. Balance between human survival and ecology.B. Conflict between less land and more production.C. Difference between present and future needs.D. Calls by environmental critics to consume less meat.PART III CLOZE [15 MIN]Decide which of the choices given below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks. Mark the best choice for each blank on An swer Sheet Two.Everyone knows that taxation is necessary in a modern state: without it, it(31) ______ not be possible to pay the soldiers and policemen who protect us;(32) ______ the workers in government offices who (33) ______ our health, our f ood, our water, and all the other things that we cannot do for ourselves. (34) ______ taxation, we pay for things that we need just (35) ______ we need somewh ere to live and something to eat. But (36) ______ everyone knows that taxation is necessary, different people have different ideas about (37) ______ taxation should be arranged.In most countries, a direct tax on (38) ______, which is called income tax, (39) ______. It is arranged in such (40) ______ that the poorest people pay no thing, and the percentage of tax grows (41) ______ as the taxpayer's income gro ws. In some countries, for example, the tax on the richest people (42) ______ a s high as ninety-five per cent!(43) ______ countries with taxation nearly (44) ______ have indirect taxati on too. Many things imported into the country have to pay taxes or “duties.”Of course, it is the men and women who buy these imported things in the shops (45) ______ really have to pay the duties, in the (46) ______ of higher prices. In some countries, (47) ______, there is a tax on things sold in the shops. If the most necessary things are taxed, a lot of money is (48) ______ but the poo r people suffer most. If unnecessary things (49) ______ jewels and fur coats are taxed, less money is obtained but the tax is (50) ______, as the rich pay it.31.A. canB. mayC. couldD. would32.A. norB. neitherC. neverD. not33.A. look intoB. look overC. look afterD. look through34.A. In accordance withB. By means ofC. With reference toD. On account of35.A. as well asB. as good asC. as such asD. as much as36.A. ifB. whenC. thoughD. as38.A. personsB. sectorsC. communitiesD. classes39.A. remainsB. staysC. existsD. happens40.A. formB. wayC. measureD. method41.A. quickerB. speedierC. moreD. larger42.A. grows upB. increases upC. goes upD. lifts up43.A. ButB. ConsequentlyC. SimilarlyD. And44.A. periodicallyB. almostC. oftenD. always45.A. whichB. whoC. whatD. whom46.A. mannerB. formC. meansD. way47.A. eitherB. alsoC. tooD. often48.A. lentB. savedC. borrowedD. collected49.A. alikeB. likeC. asD. for50.A. heavierB. fairerC. finerD. betterPART IV GRAMMAR & VOCABULARY [15 MIN]There are thirty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word or phrase that bes t completes the sentence.Mark your answers on Answer Sheet Two.51. Facing the board of directors, he didn’t deny __________ breaking the agreement.A. himB. itC. hisD. its52. Xinchun returned from aboard a different man. The italicized part funct ions as a (n) __________.A. appositive (同位语)B. objectC. adverbialD. complement.53. Which of the following is a compound word (复合词)?A. Nonsmoker.B. Deadline.C. Meanness.D. Misfit.54. Which of the following sentences contains subjunctive mood?A. Lucy insisted that her son get home before 5 o’clock?B. She used to drive to work, but now she takes the city metro.C. Walk straight ahead, and don't turn till the second traffic lights.D. Paul will cancel his flight if he cannot get his visa by Friday.55. The following determiners(限定词) can be used with both plural and unco untable nouns EXCEPTA. more.B. enough.C. many.D. such.56. Which of the italicized parts indicates CONTRAST?A. She opened the door and quietly went in.B. Victoria likes music and Sam is fond of sports.C. Think it over again and you’ll get an answer.D. He is somewhat arrogant, and I don't like this.57. Which of the following CANNOT be used as a nominal substitute(名词替代词)?A. Much.B. Neither.C. One.D. Quarter.58. All the following sentences definitely indicate future time EXCEPTA. Mother is to have tea with Aunt Betty at four.B. The President is coming to the UN next week,C. The school pupils will be home by now.D. He is going to email me the necessary information.59. Which of the following sentences is grammatically INCORRECT?A. Politics are the art or science of government.B. Ten miles seems like a long walk to me.C. Mumps is a kind of infectious disease.D. All the furniture has arrived undamaged.60. Which of in the following phrases indicates a subject-predicate relatio nship?A. The arrival of the touristsB. The law of NewtonC. The occupation of the islandD. The plays of Oscar Wilde61. Which of the following italicized parts serves as an appositive?A. He is not the man to draw back.B. Tony hit back the urge to tell a lie.C. Larry has a large family to support.D. There is really nothing to fear.62. Which of the following is NOT an imperative sentence?A. Let me drive you home, shall I?B. You will mind your own business!C. Come and have dinner with us.D. I wish you could stay behind.63. If it _______ tomorrow, the match would be put off.A. were to rainB. was to rainC. was rainingD. had rained64. Which of the following sentences expresses a fact?A. Mary and her son must be home by now.B. Careless reading must give poor results.C. It’s getting late, and I must leave now.D. He must be working late at the office.65. The following are all dynamic verbs(动态动词) EXCEPTA. remain.B. turn.C. write.D. knock.66. __________ to school life was less difficult than the pupil had expecte d.A. AdheringB. AdoptingC. AdjustingD. Acquainting67. He is fed up with the same old dreary routine, and wants to quit his job. The underlined part means __________.A. dullB. boringC. longD. hard68. At last night’s party Larry said something that I though was beyond me. The underlined part means __________.A. I was unable to doB. I couldn’t understandC. I was unable to stopD. I couldn’t tolerate69. The couple __________their old house and sold it for a vast profit.A. did forB. did inC. did withD. did up70. Sally contributed a lot to the project, but she never once accepted all the __________ for herself.A. creditB. attentionC. focusD. award71. The child nodded, apparently content with his mother’s promise. The un derlined part means __________.A. as far as one has learntB. as far as one is concernedC. as far as one can seeD. as far as one is told72. The __________ that sport builds character is well accepted by people n owadays.A. issueB. argumentC. pointD. sentence73. Everyone in the office knows that Melinda takes infinite care over her work. The underlined part means __________.A. limitedB. unnecessaryC. overdueD. much74. The new measure will reduce the chance of serious injury in the event of an accident. The underlined part means __________.A. if an accident happensB. if an accident can be preventedC. before an accidentD. during an accident75. Traditionally, local midwives would __________ all the babies in the ar ea.A. handleB. produceC. deliverD. help76. No food or drink is allowed on the premises. The underlined part means __________.A. propositionB. advertisementC. buildingD. string77. The court would not accept his appeal unless __________ evidence is pro vided.A. conclusiveB. definiteC. eventualD. concluding78. As soon as he opened the door, a __________ of cold air swept through t he house.A. flowB. movementC. rushD. blast79. She really wanted to say something at the meeting, but eventually _____ _____ from it.A. preventedB. refrainedC. limitedD. restricted80. The couple told the decorator that they wanted their bedroom gaily pain ted. The underlined part means __________.A. brightlyB. light-heartedlyC. cheerfullyD. lightlyPART V READING COMPREHENSION [25 MIN]In this section there are four passages followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer.Mark your answers on Answer Sheet Two.TEXT AThe art of public speaking began in ancient Greece over 2,000 years ago. No w, twitter, instant messaging, e-mail, blogs and chat forums offer rival approa ches to communication—but none can replace the role of a great speech.The spoken word can handle various vital functions: persuading or inspiring, informing, paying tribute, entertaining, or simply introducing someone or some thing or accepting something.Over the past year, the human voice has helped guide us over the ups and do wns of what was certainly a stormy time.Persuasion is used in dealing with or reconciling different points of view. When the leaders met in Copenhagen in December 2009, persuasive words from act ivists encouraged them to commit themselves to firmer action.Inspirational speeches confront the emotions. They focus on topics and matt ers that are close to people's hearts. During wars, generals used inspiring spe eches to prepare the troops for battle.A speech that conveys knowledge and enhances understanding can inform us. T he information must be clear, accurate, and expressed in a meaningful and inter esting way. When the H1N1 pandemic(流行病)was announced, the idea of “swine fl u”(猪流感)scared many people. Informative speeches from World Health Organizat ion officials helped people to keep their panic under control so they could tak e sensible precautions.Sad events are never easy to deal with but a speech that pays tribute to th e loss of a loved one and gives praise for their contribution can be comforting. Madonna's speech about Michael Jackson, after his death, highlighted the fact that he will continue to live on through his music.It's not only in world forums where public speaking plays an important role. It can also be surprisingly helpful in the course of our own lives.If you’re taking part in a debate you need to persuade the listeners of th e soundness of your argument. In sports, athletes know the importance of a pep talk(鼓舞士气的讲话)before a match to inspire teammates. You yourself may be as ked to do a presentation at college or work to inform the others about an area of vital importance.On a more personal level, a friend may be upset and need comforting. Or you might be asked to introduce a speaker at a family event or to speak at a weddi ng, where your language will be needed to move people or make them laugh.Great speaking ability is not something we're born with. Even Barack Obama works hard to perfect every speech. For a brilliant speech, there are rules tha t you can put to good use. To learn those rules you have to practice and learn from some outstanding speeches in the past.81. The author thinks the spoken word is still irreplaceable becauseA. it has always been used to inspire or persuade people.B. it has a big role to play in the entertainment business.C. it plays important roles in human communication.D. it is of great use in everyday-life context.82. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT about the role of public speaking?A. Speeches at world forums can lead to effective solutions to world proble ms.B. Speeches from medical authorities can calm people down in times of pande mics.C. The morale of soldiers before a battle can be boosted by senior officers ' speeches.D. Speeches paying tribute to the dead can comfort the mourners.83. Public speaking can play all the following roles EXCEPTA. to convince people in a debate.B. to inform people at a presentation.C. to advise people at work.D. to entertain people at a wedding.84. According to the passage, which of the following best explains the auth or's view on “great speaking ability”?A. It comes from observing rules.B. It can be perfected with easy effort.C. It can be acquired from birth.D. It comes from learning and practice.85. What is the main idea of the passage?A. Public speaking in international forums.B. The many uses of public speaking.C. Public speaking in daily life context.D. The rules of public speaking.TEXT BEvery business needs two things, says Skullcandy CEO Rick Alden: inspiratio n and desperation. In 2001, Alden had both. He'd sold two snowboarding business es, and he was desperately bored. But he had an idea: He wanted to make a new k ind of headphone.“I kept seeing people missing their cell phone calls because they were lis tening to music,” he explains. Then I'm in a chairlift(索道), I've got my head phones on, and I realize my phone is ringing. As 1 take my gloves off and reach for my phone, I think, “It can't be that tough to make headphones with two pl ugs, one for music and one for your cell phone.” Alden described what he wante d to a designer, perfected a prototype, and outsourced(外包)manufacturing overs eas.Alden then started designing headphones into helmets, backpacks - anywhere that would make it easy to listen to music while snowboarding. “Selling into b oard and skate shops wasn't a big research effort,” he explains. “Those were the only guys I knew!”Alden didn’t want to be a manufacturer. And by outsourcing, he'd hoped he could get the business off the ground without debt. But he was wrong. So he ask ed his wife, “Can I put a mortgage(抵押贷款) on the house? She said, ‘What is the worst thing that can happen? We lose the house, we sell our cars, and we st art all over again.’ I definitely married the right woman!”For the next two years, Alden juggled mortgage payments and payments to his manufacturers. “Factories won't ship your product till they get paid,” he sa ys. “But it takes four or five months to get a mortgage company so upset that they knock on your door. So we paid the factory first.”Gradually, non-snowboarders began to notice the colorful headphones. In 200 6, the company started selling them in 1,400 FYE (For Your Entertainment) store s. “We knew that nine out often people walking into that store would be learni ng about Skullcandy for the first time. Why would they look at brands they knew and take home a new brand instead? We had agreed to buy back anything we didn’t sell, but we were dealing with huge numbers. It’d kill us to take back all t he products.”Alden’s fears faded as Skullcandy became the No. 1 headphone seller in tho se stores and tripled its revenue to $120 million in one year. His key insight was that headphones weren’t gadgets; they were a fashion accessory. “In the b eginning,” he says, “that little white wire that said you had an iPod—that w as cool. But now wearing the white bud means you’re just like everyone else. Headphones occupy this critical piece of cranial real estate and are highly visi ble.”Today, Skullcandy is America's second-largest headphone supplier, after Son y. With 79 employees, the company is bigger than Alden ever imagined.86. Alden came up with the idea of a new kind of headphone because heA. was no longer in snowboarding business.B. had no other business opportunities.C. was very fond of modern music.D. saw an inconvenience among mobile users.87. The new headphone was originally designed forA. snowboarders.B. motorcyclists.C. mountain hikers.D. marathon runners.88. Did Alden solve the money problem?A. He sold his house and his cars.B. Factories could ship products before being paid.C. He borrowed money from a mortgage company.D. He borrowed money from his wife's family.89. What did Alden do to promote sales in FYE stores?A. He spent more money on product advertising.B. He promised to buy back products not sold.C. He agreed to sell products at a discount.D. He improved the colour design of the product.90. Alden sees headphones asA. a sign of self-confidence.B. a symbol of status.C. part of fashion.D. a kind of device.TEXT CI was standing in my kitchen wondering what to have for lunch when my frien d Taj called.“Sit down,” she said.I thought she was going to tell me she had just gotten the haircut from hel l. I laughed and said, “It can't be that bad.”But it was. Before the phone call, I had 30 years of retirement saving in a “safe” fund with a brilliant financial guru(金融大亨).When I put down the ph one, my savings were gone. I felt as if I had died and, for some unknown reason, was still breathing.Since Bernie Madoff’s arrest on charges of running a $65 million Ponzi sch eme, I’ve read many articles about how we investors should have known what was going on. I wish I could say I had reservations about Madoff before “the Call”, but I did not.On New Year’s Eve, three weeks after we lost our savings, six of us Madoff people gathered at Taj's house for dinner. As we were sitting around the table, someone asked, “If you could have your money back right now, but it would mea n giving up what you have learned by losing it, would you take the money or wou ld you take what losing the money has given you?”My husband was still in financial shock. He said, “I just want the money b ack.” I wasn't certain where I stood. I knew that losing our money had crackedme wide open. I’d been walking around like what the Buddhists call a hungry gh ost: always focused on the bite that was yet to come, not the one in my mouth. No matter how much I ate or had or experienced, it didn’t satisfy me, because I wasn’t really taking it in, wasn't absorbing it. Now I was forced to pay att ention. Still, I couldn't honestly say that if someone had offered me the money back, I would turn it down.But the other four all said that what they were seeing about themselves was incalculable, and they didn’t think it would have become apparent without the ground of financial stability being ripped out from underneath them.My friend Michael said, “I’d started to get complacent. It’s as if the m uscles of my heart started to atrophy(萎缩). Now they’re awake, alive—and I d on’t want to go back.”These weren’t just empty words. Michael and his wife needed to take in boa rders to meet their expenses. Taj was so broke that she was moving into someon e’s garage apartment in three weeks. Three friends had declared bankruptcy and weren't sure where or how they were going to live.91. What did the author learn from Taj’s call?A. had got an awful haircut.B. They had lost their retirement savings.C. Taj had just retired from work.D. They were going to meet for lunch.92. How did the author feel in the following weeks?A. Angry.B. Disappointed.C. Indifferent.。
2013年英语专四真题与答案
TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS (2013)PART I DICTATION [15 MIN]Please write the whole passage on ANSWER SHEET ONE.PART II LISTENING COMPREHENSION [20 MIN]SECTION A CONVERSATIONSQuestions 1 to 3 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the conversation.1. According to the conversation, an example of “Christmas trimmings” could beA. presents.B. fruitsC. sauceD. meat2. A Christmas lunch would include all the following EXCECTA. roast turkeyB. sweet potatoesC. meatD. carrots3. Why did Helen come to Rob’s house?A. She wanted to talk to Bob.B. She had come to help Bob.C. She had been invited to lunch.D. She was interested in cooking.Questions 4 to 7 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions.4. Why did the woman phone the club?A. She wanted to know more about it.B. She was a new comer and felt lonely.C. She wanted to learn a new language.D. She was interested in social activities.5. We learn from the conversation that the clubA. mainly organize language activities.B. accepts members from local students.C. has been set up for a long time.D. is increasing its membership.6. According to the conversation, the woman might come to practice German onA. Wednesday.B. Tuesday.C. Monday.D. Friday.7. What is the man going to do after the conversation?A. Call up the woman for her address.B. Wait for the woman to call him again.C. Mail the woman some information.D. Wait for the woman to pick up a form.Questions 8 to 10 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions.8. According to the woman, what actually makes her job difficult?A. Difficult questions from interviewees.B. Embarrassing requests from interviewees.C. Lack of professional background.D. Lack of interviewing skills.9. The woman uses all the following adjectives when talking about attending job fairs EXCEPTA. prospective.B. useful.C. important.D. tiring.10. We learn from the conversation that the womanA. works better at job fairs.B. prefers honest people.C. often works on her own.D. is experienced in her work. SECTION B PASSAGESIn this section, you will hear several passages. Listen to the passages carefully and then answer the questions that follow.Questions 11 to 13 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions.11. According to today’s weather forecast, which part of Europe has dry weather?A. Scandinavian mountain.B. Northwestern Europe.C. Northern Europe.D. Southern Europe.12. In which part of Europe does the weather stay both fine and cool?A. Southern Europe.B. Northern Europe.C. Eastern Europe.D.Northwestern Europe.13. In which region will the weather change tomorrow?A. Northern parts of the Mediterranean.B. Eastern parts of the Mediterranean.C. Central parts of the Mediterranean.D. Southern parts of the Mediterranean.Questions 14 to 17 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage you will be given 2014. According to the passage, what benefit can technology bring to people?A. Closer contact with modern devices.B. Greater changes in social organization.C. Better understanding of mass media.D. More useful information to better their life.15. The speaker questions about everybody’s access to technological advances. The main reason isA. illiteracy.B. poverty.C. food shortage.D. ignorance.16. According to the UN plan, all the following will be achieved within ten years EXCEPTA. giving everyone a radio or TV.B. starting to carry out the scheme in ten years.C. offering internet service to more people.D. providing more job opportunities.17. What could be topic of the passage?A. Growth in telecommunications.B. Technology and the developing world.C. Education and medical care.D. Building an information society.Questions 18 to 20 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions.18. People in Latin America wear something ______ to express their hopes for wealth in the New Year.A. newB. redC. whiteD. yellow19. Which of the following New Year’s traditions signals friendship?A. Throwing old dishes.B. Wearing something red.C. Wearing something white.D. Eating round fruits.20. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as one’s own New Year’s tradition?A. Watching TV at home.B. Going to bed early.C. Visiting friends.D. Running and shouting outside. SECTION C NEWS BROADCASTIn this section, you will hear several news items. Listen to the passages carefully and then answer the questions that follow.Questions 21 to 22 are based on the following news. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.21. What is happening to the schools in Fairfax County this school year?A. 15 schools have started social studies.B. 15 schools have used digital textbooks.C. Students are ready to use electronic resources.D. Digital textbooks are used for social studies.22. With digital textbooks, schools have saved about ______ million dollars.A. 1B. 2C. 3D. 4Questions 23 to 24 are based on the following news. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.23. Who found the suspicious item at the airport?A. TSA agents.B. FBI agents.C. The police.D. Passengers.24. Which of the following statement is INCORRECT?A. The terminal was closed temporarily afterwards.B. There was a thorough search inside the airport.C. Passengers at the airport were safe and sound.D. The security authorities identified the explosives.Questions 25 to 26 are based on the following news. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.25. According to the news item, doctors use art therapy to treat the following problems EXCEPTA. alcohol abuse.B. smoking.C. depression.D. schizophrenia.26. Why did doctors introduce art therapy in the first place?A. To prevent patients from smoking.B. To better understand patients.C. To get patients occupied.D. To teach patients some skills.Questions 27 to 28 are based on the following news. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.27. What is the main purpose of the new rules?A. To reduce the number of pilots on duty.B. To prevent pilots from working overtime.C. To ensure an adequate amount of sleep.D. To fix the amount of work for each pilot.28. The Independent Pilots Association was unhappy about the new rules because theyA. had only covered cargo plane pilots.B. had failed to cover all the pilots.C. would be put into effect in two years.D. would be too costly if implemented.Questions 29 to 30 are based on the following news. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.29. Why is increase in livestock production necessary?A. Because livestock production is highly efficient.B. Because more people will become wealthier.C. Because it may help double food production.D. Because it has fewer ecological risks.30. What does the word “challenge” mean in the news item?A. Balance between human survival and ecology.B. Conflict between less land and more production.C. Difference between present and future needs.D. Calls by environmental critics to consume less meat.PART 3 CLOZE 15 MINEveryone knows that taxation is necessary in a modern state:without it, it(31)_____not be possible to pay the soldiers and policemen who protect us;(3 2)_____the workers in government offices who(33)_____our health,our food,ou r water,and all the other things that we cannot do for ourselves.(34)_____taxat ion,we pay for things that we need just(35)_____we need somewhere to live and s omething to eat.But(36)_____everyone knows that taxation is necessary,diffe rent people have different ideas about(37)____taxation should be arranged.In most countries,a direct tax on(38)_____,which is called income tax,(39)__ ___.It is arranged in such(40)______that the poorest people pay nothing,and th e percentage of tax grows(41)____as the taxpayer's income grows.In some countr ies,for example,the tax on the richest people(42)______as high as ninety-five per cent!(43)_____countries with taxation nearly(44)_____have indirect tax ation too.Many things imported into the country have to pay taxes or“duties.”Of course,it is the men and women who buy these imported things in the shops(45)___ ___really have to pay the duties,in the(46)______of higher prices.In some cou ntries,(47)_____,there is a tax on things sold in the shops.If the most necessa ry things are taxed,a lot of money is(48)____but the poor people suffer most.I f unnecessary things(49)___jewels and fur coats are taxed,less money is obtain ed but the tax is(50) ______as the rich pay it.Probably this last kind of indirect tax,together with a direct tax on incomes whi ch is low for the poor and high for the rich,is the best arrangement.31. A. can B. may C. could D. would32. A. nor B. neither C. never D. not33.A. look into B. look over C. look over D. look through34.A. In accordance with B. By means of C. With reference to D. On account of 35. A. as well as B. as good as C. as such as D. as much as36. A. if B. when C. though D. as37. A. when B. how C. why D. which38. A. personst B. sectors C. communities D. classes39.A. remains B. stays C. exists D. happens40.A. form B. way C. measure D. method41. A. quicker B. speedier C. more D. larger42. A. grows up B. increases up C. goes up D. lifts up43. A. But B. Consequently C.Similarly D. And44.A. periodically B. almost C. often D. always45. A. which B. who C. what D. whom46. A. manner B. form C. means D. way47.A. either B. also C. too D. often48. A. lent B. saved C. borrowed D. collected49. A. alike B. like C. as D. for50.A. heavier B. fairer C. finer D. betterPART4GRAMMAR&VOCABULARY15MINThere are thirty sentences in this section.Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A,B,C and D.Choose one word or phrase that best complet es the sentence.Mark your answers on Answer Sheet Two.51.Facing the board of directors,he didn‟t deny________breaking the agreement .A.himB.itC.hisD.its52.Xinchun returned from aboard a different man.The italicized part functions a s a(n)______.A.appositive(同位语)B.objectC.adverbialplement.53.Which of the following is a compound word(复合词)? ______.A.Nonsmoker.B.Deadline.C.Meanness.D.Misfit.54.Which of the following sentences contains subjunctive mood? ______.A.Lucy insisted that her son get home before5o’clock?B.She used to drive to work,but now she takes the city metro.C.Walk straight ahead,and don't turn till the second traffic lights.D.Paul will cancel his flight if he cannot get his visa by Friday.55.The following determiners(限定词)can be used with both plural and uncountable nouns EXCEPT______.A.moreB.enough.C.many.D.such.56.Which of the italicized parts indicates CONTRAST?______.A.She opened the door and quietly went in.B.Victoria likes music and Sam is fond of sports.C.Think it over again and you‟ll get an answer.D.He is somewhat arrogant,and I don't like this.57.Which of the following CANNOT be used as a nominal substitute(名词替代词)? ______.A.Much.B.Neither.C.One.D.Quarter.58.All the following sentences definitely indicate future time EXCEPT______.A.Mother is to have tea with Aunt Betty at four.B.The President is coming to the UN next week.C.The school pupils will be home by now.D.He is going to email me the necessary information.59.Which of the following sentences is grammatically INCORRECT?______.A.Politics are the art or science of government.B.Ten miles seems like a long walk to me.C.Mumps is a kind of infectious disease.D.All the furniture has arrived undamaged.60.Which of in the following phrases indicates a subject-predicate relationship______.A.The arrival of the touristsB.The law of NewtonC.The occupation of the islandD.The plays of Oscar Wilde61.Which of the following italicized parts serves as an appositive? ______.A.He is not the man to draw back.B.Tony hit back the urge to tell a lie.rry has a large family to support.D.There is really nothing to fear.62.Which of the following is NOT an imperative sentence? ______.A.Let me drive you home,shall I?B.You will mind your own business!e and have dinner with us.D.I wish you could stay behind.‘63.If it______tomorrow,the match would be put off.A.were to rainB.was to rainC.was rainingD.had rained64.Which of the following sentences expresses a fact?______.A.Mary and her son must be home by now.B.Careless reading must give poor results.C.It‟s getting late,and I must leave now.D.He must be working late at the office.65.The following are all dynamic verbs(动态动词)EXCEPT______.A.remain.B.turn.C.write.D.knock.66.____to school life was less difficult than the pupil had expected.A.AdheringB.AdoptingC.AdjustingD.Acquainting67.He is fed up with the same old dreary routine,and wants to quit his job.The un derlined part means_________.A.dullB.boringC.longD.hard68.At last night‟s party Larry said something that I though was beyond me.The und erlined part means________.A.I was unable to do C.I was unable to stopB.I couldn’t understand D.I couldn’t tolerate69.The couple______their old house and sold it for a vast profit.A.did forB.did inC.did withD.did up70.Sally contributed a lot to the project,but she never once accepted all the___ _for herself.A.creditB.attentionC.focusD.award71.The child nodded,apparently content with his mother‟s promise.The underlined part means_________.A.as far as one has learntB.as far as one is concernedC.as far as one can seeD.as far as one is told72.The________that sport builds character is well accepted by people nowadays.A.issueB.argumentC.pointD.sentence73.Everyone in the office knows that Melinda takes infinite care over her work.T heunderlined part means________.A.limitedB.unnecessaryC.overdueD.much74.The new measure will reduce the chance of serious injury in the event of an acc ident.The underlined part means_________.A.if an accident happensB.if an accident can be preventedC.before an accidentD.during an accident75.Traditionally,local midwives would________all the babies in the area.A.handleB.produceC.deliverD.help76.No food or drink is allowed on the premises.The underlined part means_______ _A.proposition B.advertisement C.building D.street77.The court would not accept his appeal unless________evidence is provided.A.conclusiveB.definiteC.eventualD.concluding78.As soon as he opened the door,a________of cold air swept through the house.A.flowB.movementC.rushD.blast79.She really wanted to say something at the meeting,but eventually________fr om it.A.preventedB.refrainedC.limitedD.restricted80.The couple told the decorator that they wanted their bedroom gaily painted.The underlined part means_________.A.brightlyB.light-heartedlyC.cheerfullyD.lightlyPART V READING COMPREHENSION25MINIn this section there are four passages followed by questions or unfinished stat ements,each with four suggested answers marked A,B,C and D.Choose the one that you think is the best answer.Mark your answers on Answer Sheet Two.TEXT AThe art of public speaking began in ancient Greece over2,000years ago.Now,twit ter,instant messaging,e-mail,blogs and chat forums offer rival approaches to c ommunication-but none can replace the role of a great speech.The spoken word can handle various vital functions:persuading or inspiring,inf orming,paying tribute,entertaining,or simply introducing someone or somethin g or accepting something.Over the past year,the human voice has helped guide us over the ups and downs of what was certainly a stormy time.Persuasion is used in dealing with or reconciling different points of view.When t he leaders met inCopenhagen in December2009,persuasive words from activists en couraged them to commit themselves to firmer action.Inspirational speeches conf ront the emotions.They focus on topics and matters that are close to people's hea rts.During wars,generals used inspiring speeches to prepare the troops for batt le.A speech that conveys knowledge and enhances understanding can inform us.The inf ormation must be clear,accurate,and expressed in a meaningful and interesting w ay.（流行病）announced,the idea of“swine flu”many rmative speeches from World H ealth Organization officials helped people to keep their panic under control so t hey could take sensible precautions.Sad events are never easy to deal with but a speech that pays tribute to the loss o f a loved one and gives praise for their contribution can be comforting.Madonna' s speech about Michael Jackson,after his death,highlighted the fact that he wil l continue to live on through his music.It's not only in world forums where public speaking plays an important role.It ca n also be surprisingly helpful in the course of our own lives.If you‟re taking part in a debate you need to persuade the listeners of the soundne ss of your argument.In sports,athletes know the importance of a pep talk（鼓舞士气的讲话）before a match to inspire teammates.You yourself may be asked to do a present ation at college or work to inform the others about an area of vital importance. On a more personal level,a friend may be upset and need comforting.Or you might b e asked to introduce a speaker at a family event or to speak at a wedding,where yo ur language will be needed to move people or make them laugh.Great speaking ability is not something we're born with.Even Barack Obama works h ard to perfect every speech.For a brilliant speech,there are rules that you can put to good use.To learn those rules you have to practice and learn from some outs tanding speeches in the past.81.The author thinks the spoken word is still irreplaceable because______.A.it has always been used to inspire or persuade people.B.it has a big role to play in the entertainment business.C.it plays important roles in human communication.D.it is of great use in everyday-life context.82.Which of the following statements is INCORRECT about the role of public speaki ng? _____A.Speeches at world forums can lead to effective solutions to world problems.B.Speeches from medical authorities can calm people down in times of pandemics.C.The morale of soldiers before a battle can be boosted by senior officers'speec hes.D.Speeches paying tribute to the dead can comfort the mourners.83.Public speaking can play all the following roles EXCEPT______.A.to convince people in a debate.B.to inform people at a presentation.C.to advise people at work.D.to entertain people at a wedding.84.According to the passage,which of the following best explains the author's v iew on______ “great speaking ability”?A.It comes from observing rules.B.It can be perfected with easy effort.C.It can be acquired from birth.D.It comes from learning and practice.85.What is the main idea of the passage?______.A.Public speaking in international forums.B.The many uses of public speaking.C.Public speaking in daily life context.D.The rules of public speaking.TEXT BEvery business needs two things,says Skullcandy CEO Rick Alden:inspiration and desperation.In2001,Alden had both.He'd sold two snowboarding businesses,and he was desperately bored.But he had an idea:He wanted to make a new kind of headp hone.“I kept seeing people missing their cell phone calls because they were list ening to music,”he explains.Then I'm in a chairlift,I've got my headphones on, and I realize my phone is ringing.As1take my gloves off and reach for my phone,I think,“It can't be that tough to make headphones with two plugs,one for music an d one for your cell phone.”Alden described what he wanted to a designer,perfecte d a prototype,and outsourced（外包）manufacturing overseas.Alden then started designing headphones into helmets,backpacks-anywhere that w ould make it easy to listen to music while snowboarding.“Selling into board and s kate shops wasn't a big research effort,”he explains.“Those were the only guys I knew!”Alden didn‟t want to be a manufacturer.And by outsourcing,he'd hoped he could get the business off the ground without debt.But he was wrong.So he asked h is wife,“Can I put a（抵押贷款）on the house?She said,…What is the worst thing that can happen?We lose the house,we sell our cars,and we start all over again.‟I definitely married the rig ht woman!”For the next two years,Alden juggled mortgage payments and payments to his manuf acturers.“Factories won't ship your product till they get paid,”he says.“But it takes four or five months to get a mortgage company so upset that they knock on yo ur door.So we paid the factory first.”Gradually,non-snowboarders began to notice the colorful headphones.In2006,th e company started selling them in1,400FYE(For Your Entertainment)stores.“We knew that nine out often people walking into that store would be learning about Sk ullcandy for the first time.Why would they look at brands they knew and take home a new brand instead?We had agreed to buy back anything we didn’t sell,but we wer e dealing with huge numbers.It’d kill us to take back all the productsAlden‟s fears faded as Skullcandy became the No.1headphone seller in those stor es and tripled its revenue to$120million in one year.His key insight was that he adphones weren’t gadgets;they were a fashion accessory.“In the beginning,”he s ays,“that little white wire that said you had an iPod---that was cool.But now w earing the white bud means you’re just like everyone else.Headphones occupy thi s critical piece of cranial real estate and are highly visible.”Today,Skullcandy is America's second-largest headphone supplier,after Sony.Wi th79employees,the company is bigger than Alden ever imagined.86.Alden came up with the idea of a new kind of headphone because he______.A.was no longer in snowboarding business.B.had no other business opportunities.C.was very fond of modern music.D.saw an inconvenience among mobile users.87.The new headphone was originally designed for______.A.snowboarders.B.motorcyclists.C.mountain hikers.D.marathon runners.88.Did Alden solve the money problem?______.A.He sold his house and his cars.B.Factories could ship products before being paid.C.He borrowed money from a mortgage company.D.He borrowed money from his wife's family.89.What did Alden do to promote sales in FYE stores?______.A.He spent more money on product advertising.B.He promised to buy back products not sold.C.He agreed to sell products at a discount.D.He improved the colour design of the product.90.Alden sees headphones as______.A.a sign of self-confidence.B.a symbol of status.C.part of fashion.D.a kind of device.TEXT CI was standing in my kitchen wondering what to have for lunch when my friend Taj c alled.“Sit down,”she said.I thought she was going to tell me she had just gotte n the haircut from hell.I laughed and said,“It can't be that bad.”But it was.Before the phone call,I had30years of retirement saving in a“safe”fund with a brilliant financial guru（金融大亨）.When I put down the phone,my savings were gone.I felt as if I had died and,f or some unknown reason,was still breathing.Since Bernie Madoff‟s arrest on charges of running a$65million Ponzi scheme,I'v eread many articles about how we investors should have known what was going on.I wi sh I could say I had reservations about Madoff before“the Call”,but I did not. On New Year's Eve,three weeks after we lost our savings,six of us Madoff people gathered at Taj's house for dinner.As we were sitting around the table,someone a sked,“If you could have your money back right now,but it would mean giving up wha t you have learned by losing it,would you take the money or would you take what lo sing the money has given you?”My husband was still in financial shock.He said,“I just want the money back.”I w asn't certain where I stood.I knew that losing our money had cracked me wide open .I’d been walking around like what the Buddhists call a hungry ghost:always focu sed on the bite that was yet to come,not the one in my mouth.No matter how much I ate or had or experienced,it didn’t satisfy me,because I wasn’t really taking it in,wasn't absorbing it.Now I was forced to pay attention.Still,I couldn't hon estly say that if someone had offered me the money back,I would turn it down.But the other four all said that what they were seeing about themselves was incalc ulable,and they didn’t think it would have become apparent without the ground of financial stability beingripped out from underneath them.My friend Michael said,I’d started to get complacent.It’s as if the muscles of my heart started to atroph（萎缩）.Now they‟re awake,alive—and I don‟t want to go back.”Theseweren’tjust empty words.Michael and his wife needed to take in boarders tomeet their expenses.Taj was so broke that she was moving into someone’s garage ap artment in three weeks.Three friends had declared bankruptcy and weren't sure wh ere or how they were going to live.91.What did the author learn from Taj‟s call?A.had got an awful haircut.B.They had lost their retirement savings.C.Taj had just retired from work.D.They were going to meet for lunch.92.How did the author feel in the following weeks?A.Angry.B.Disappointed.C.Indifferent.D.Desperate.93.According to the passage,to which was she“forced to pay attention”?A.Her friends.B.Her husband.C.Her lost savings.D.Her experience.94.Which of the following statements is CORRECT about her friends?A.Her friends valued their experience more.B.Her friends felt the same as she did.C.Her friends were in a better financial situation.D Her friends were more optimistic than she.95.What is the message of the passage?A.Desire for money is human nature.B.One has to be decisive during crises.C.Understanding gained is more important than money lost.D.It is natural to see varied responses to financial crises.TEXT DIn the19th century,there used to be a model of how to be a good person.There are a ll these torrents of passion flowing through you.Your job,as captain of your sou l,is to erect dams to keep these passions in check.Your job is to just say no to l aziness,lust,greed,drug use and the other sins.These days that model is out of fashion.You usually can’t change your behaviour b y simply resolving to do something.Knowing what to do is not the same as being abl e to do it.Your willpower is not like a dam that can block the torrent of self-indulgence.It 's more like a muscle,which tires easily.Moreover,you're a social being.If ev erybody around you is overeating,you‟ll probably do so,too.The19th-century character model was based on an understanding of free will.Toda y,we know that free will is bounded.People can change their lives,but ordering change is not simple because many things,even within ourselves,are beyond our d irect control.Much of our behaviour,for example,is guided by unconscious habits.Researchers at Duke University calculated that more than40percent of the actions we take are governed by habit,not actual decisions.Researchers have also come to understa nd the structure of habits—cue,routine,reward.You can change your own personal habits.If you leave running shorts on the floor at。
专业英语四级2013真题及答案解析
专业英语四级真题2013年PART Ⅰ DICTATION1、Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage willbe read to you four times.During the first reading, which will be done at normal speed, listen and try to understandthe meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage will be read sentence bysentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be doneat normal speed again and during this time you should check your work. You will then begiven 2 minutes to check through your work once more.Please write the whole passage on ANSWER SHEET ONE.PART Ⅱ LISTENING COMPREHENSIONIn Sections A, B and C you will hear everything ONCE ONLY Listen carefully andthen answer the questions that follow. Mark the best answer to each question onAnswer Sheet Two.SECTION A CONVERSATIONSIn this section you will hear several conversations. Listen to the conversations carefullyand then answer the questions that follow.1、According to the conversation, an example of Christmas trimmings could beA. presentsB. fruitsC. sauceD. meat2、A Christmas lunch would include all the following EXCEPTA. carrotsB. meatC. sweet potatoesD. roast turkey3、Why did Helen come to Rob's house?A. She wanted to talk to RobB. She had come to help RobC. She had been invited to lunchD. She was interested incooking4、Why did the woman phone the club?A. She wanted to know more about itB. She was a new comer and felt lonelyC. She wanted to learn a new languageD. She was interested in social activities5、We learn from the conversation that the clubA. mainly organizes language activitiesB. accepts members from local studentsC. has been set up for a long timeD. is increasing its membership6、According to the conversation, the woman might come to practice German onA. WednesdayB. TuesdayC. MondayD. Friday7、What is the man going to do after the conversation?A. Call up the woman for her addressB. Mail the woman some informationC. Wait for the woman to call him againD. Wait for the woman to pick up a form8、According to the woman, what actually makes her job difficult?A. Difficult questions from intervieweesB. Embarrassing requests fromintervieweesC. Lack of professional backgroundD. Lack of interviewing skills9、The woman uses all the following adjectives when talking about attending job fairsEXCEPTA. prospectiveB. usefulC. importantD. tiring10、We learn from the conversation that the womanA. works better at job fairsB. prefers honest peopleC. often works on her ownD. is experienced in her work SECTION B PASSAGESIn this section, you will hear several passages. Listen to the passages carefully andthen answer the questions that follow.11、According to today's weather forecast, which part of Europe has dry weather?A. Northern EuropeB. Southern EuropeC. Northwestern EuropeD. Scandinavian mountains12、In which part of Europe does the weather stay both fine and cool?A. Southern EuropeB. Northern EuropeC. Northwestern EuropeD. Eastern Europe13、In which region will the weather change tomorrow?A. Central parts of the MediterraneanB. Eastern parts of the MediterraneanC. Southern parts of the MediterraneanD. Northern parts of the Mediterranean14、According to the passage, what benefit can technology bring to people?A. More useful information to better their lifeB. Greater changes in social organizationC. Better understanding of mass mediaD. Closer contact with modem devices15、The speaker questions about everybody's access to technological advances. The mainreason isA. illiteracyB. food shortageC. povertyD. ignorance16、According to the UN plan, all the following will be achieved within ten years EXCEPTA. giving everyone a radio or TVB. providing more job opportunitiesC. offering internet service to more peopleD. starting to carry out the scheme in tenyears17、What could be the topic of the passage?A. Growth in telecommunicationsB. Technology and the developing worldC. Building an information societyD. Education and medical care18、People in Latin America wear something ______ to express their hopes for wealth inthe New Year.A. yellowB. whiteC. redD. new19、Which of the following New Year's traditions signals friendship?A. Eating round fruitsB. Wearing something redC. Wearing something whiteD. Throwing old dishes20、Which of the following is NOT mentioned as one's own New Year's tradition?A. Watching TV at homeB. Visiting friendsC. Going to bed earlyD. Running and shouting outsideSECTION C NEWS BROADCASTIn this section, you will hear several news items. Listen to them carefully and thenanswer the questions that follow.21、What is happening to the schools in Fairfax County this school year?A. 15 schools have started social studiesB. 15 schools have used digital textbooksC. Digital textbooks are used for social studiesD. Students are ready to use electronicresources22、With digital textbooks, schools have saved about ______ million dollarsA. 1B. 2C. 3D. 423、Who found the suspicious item at the airport?A. FBI agentsB. TSA agentsC. The policeD. Passengers24、Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?A. The terminal was closed temporarily afterwardsB. There was a thorough search inside the airportC. The security authorities identified the explosivesD. Passengers at the airport were safe and sound25、According to the news item, doctors use art therapy to treat the following problemsEXCEPTA. smokingB. alcohol abuseC. depressionD. schizophrenia26、Why did doctors introduce art therapy in the first place?A. To prevent patients from smokingB. To better understand patientsC. To teach patients some skillsD. To get patients occupied27、What is the main purpose of the new rules?A. To reduce the number of pilots on dutyB. To prevent pilots from workingovertimeC. To ensure an adequate amount of sleepD. To fix the amount of workfor eachpilot28、The Independent Pilots Association was unhappy about the new rules because theyA. had failed to cover all the pilotsB. had only covered cargo plane pilotsC. would be put into effect in two yearsD. would be too costly if implemented29、Why is increase in livestock production necessary?A. Because livestock production is highly efficient.B. Because more people will become wealthier.C. Because it has fewer ecological risks.D. Because it may help double food production.30、What does the word challenge mean in the news item?A. Conflict between less land and more production.B. Balance between human survival and ecology.C. Difference between present and future needs.D. Calls by environmental critics to consume less meat.PART Ⅲ CLOZEDecide which of the choices given below would best complete the passage if inserted inthe corresponding blanks. Mark the best choice for each blank on Answer Sheet Two.Everyone knows that taxation is necessary in a modem state: without it, it (31)not bepossible to pay the soldiers and policemen who protect us; (32) the workers in government offices who (33) our health, our food, our water, and all the other thingsthat we cannot do for ourselves. (34) taxation, we pay for things that we needjust (35) we need somewhere to live and something to eat.But (36) everyone knows that taxation is necessary, different people have differentideas about (37) taxation should be arranged.In most countries, a direct tax on (38) , which is called income tax, (39)It isarranged in such a (40) that the poorest people pay nothing, and the percentageof taxgrows (41) as the taxpayer's income grows. In some countries, for example, the tax onthe richest people (42) as high as ninety-five per cent!(43) countries with direct taxation nearly (44) have indirect taxation too. Manythings imported into the country have to pay taxes or duties. Of course, it is the men and women who buy these imported things in the shops (45) really have to pay theduties, in the (46) of higher prices. In some countries, (47) , there is a tax on thingssold in the shops. If the most necessary things are taxed, a lot of money is (48)but thepoor people suffer most. If unnecessary things (49) jewels and fur coats are taxed, lessmoney is obtained but the tax is (50) , as the rich pay it.A. canB. may、31．C. wouldD. could32、A. neither B. norC. neverD. not33、A. look after B. look overC. look intoD. look through34、A. In accordance with B. With reference toC. By means ofD. On account of35、A. as well as B. as much asC. as such asD. as good as36、A. if B. whenC. asD. though37、A. how B. whenC. whyD. which38、A. communities B. sectorsC. personsD. classes39、A. remains B. existsC. staysD. happens40、A. measure B. methodC. formD. way41、A. more B. largerC. quickerD. speedier42、A. grows up B. increases upC. goes upD. lifts up43、A. And B. ConsequentlyC. SimilarlyD. But44、A. almost B. alwaysC. oftenD. periodically45、A. which B. whoC. whatD. whomA. mannerB. way、46．C. meansD. form47、A. either B. alsoC. tooD. often48、A. collected B. borrowedC. savedD. lent49、A. as B. forC. alikeD. like50、A. heavier B. fairerC. finerD. betterPART Ⅳ GRAMMAR AND VOCABULARYThere are thirty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words,phrases or statements marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word,phrase or statementthat best completes the sentence.Mark your answers on Answer Sheet Two.51、Facing the board of directors, he didn't deny ______ breaking the agreement.A. himB. hisC. itD. its52、Xinchun returned from abroad a different man. The italicized part functions as a(n)______in the sentence.A. appositive (同位语)B. objectC. adverbialD. complement53、Which of the following is a compound word (复合词)?A. NonsmokerB. MeannessC. DeadlineD. Misfit54、Which of the following sentences contains subjunctive mood?A. Lucy insisted that her son get home before 5 o'clock.B. She used to drive to work, but now she takes the city metro.C. Walk straight ahead, and don't turn till the second traffic lights.D. Paul will cancel his flight if he cannot get his visa by Friday.55、The following determiners (限定词) can be used with both plural and uncountablenouns EXCEPTA. manyB. enoughC. moreD. such56、Which of the italicized parts indicates CONTRAST?A. She opened the door and quietly went inB. Think it over again and you'll get an answerC. Victoria likes music and Sam is fond of sportsD. He is somewhat arrogant, and I don't like this57、Which of the following CANNOT be used as a nominal substitute (名词替代词)?A. MuchB. NeitherC. OneD. Quarter58、All the following sentences definitely indicate future time EXCEPTA. Mother is to have tea with Aunt Betty at fourB. The school pupils will be home by nowC. The President is coming to the 'UN next weekD. He is going to email me the necessary information59、Which of the following sentences is grammatically INCORRECT?A. Politics are the art or science of governmentB. Ten miles seems like a long walk tomeC. Mumps is a kind of infectious diseaseD. All the furniture has arrived undamaged60、Which of in the following phrases indicates a subject-predicate relationship?A. The occupation of the islandB. The law of NewtonC. The arrival of the touristsD. The plays of Oscar Wilde61、Which of the following italicized parts serves as an appositive?A. He is not the man to draw backB. Larry has a large family to supportC. Tony hit back the urge to tell a lieD. There is really nothing to fear62、Which of the following is NOT an imperative sentence?A. I wish you could stay behindB. You will mind your own business!C. Come and have dinner with usD. Let me drive you home, shall I?63、If it ______ tomorrow, the match would be put off.A. was to rainB. were to rainC. was rainingD. had rained64、Which of the following sentences expresses a fact?A. Mary and her son must be home by now.B. Careless reading must give poor results.C. He must be working late at the office.D. It's getting late, and I must leave now.65、The following are all dynamic verbs (动态动词) EXCEPTA. remain.B. turn.C. write.D. knock.66、______to school life was less difficult than the pupil had expected.A. AdheringB. AdjustingC. AdoptingD. Acquainting67、He is fed up with the same old dreary routine, and wants to quit his job. The underlined part meansA. hard.B. tiring.C. long.D. dull.68、At last night's party Larry said something that I thought was beyond me. The underlined part meansA. I couldn't understand.B. I was unable to do.C. I couldn't tolerate.D. I wasunable to stop.69、The couple ______ their old house and sold it for a vast profit.A. did forB. did inC. did upD. did with70、Sally contributed a lot to the project, but she never once accepted all the ______ forherself.A. creditB. attentionC. focusD. award71、The child nodded, apparently content with his mother's promise. The underlined partmeansA. as far as one has learnt.B. as far as one is concerned.C. as far as one can see.D. as far as one is told.72、The______that sport builds character is well accepted by people nowadays.A. argumentB. issueC. pointD. sentence73、Everyone in the office knows that Melinda takes infinite care over her work. The underlined part meansA. limited.B. unnecessary.C. overdue.D. much.74、The new measure will reduce the chance of serious injury in the event of an accident.The underlined part meansA. if an accident can be prevented.B. if an accident happens.C. before an accident.D. during an accident.75、Traditionally, local midwives would ______ all the babies in the area.A. deliverB. produceC. handleD. help76、No food or drink is allowed on the premises. The underlined part meansA. proposition.B. advertisement.C. building.D. street.77、The court would not accept his appeal unless ______evidence is provided.A. definiteB. conclusiveC. eventualD. concluding78、As soon as he opened the door, a ______ of cold air swept through the house.A. flowB. movementC. rushD. blast79、She really wanted to say something at the meeting, but eventually ______ from it.A. refrainedB. preventedC. limitedD. restricted80、The couple told the decorator that. they wanted their bedroom gaily painted. The underlined part meansA. cheerfully.B. light-heartedly.C. brightly.D. lightly.PART Ⅴ READING COMPREHENSIONIn this section there are four passages followed by questions or unfinished statements,each with four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that youthink is the best answer.Mark your answers on Answer Sheet Two.TEXT AThe art of public speaking began in ancient Greece over 2,000 years ago. Now, twitter,instant messenging, e-mail, blogs and chat forums offer rival approaches to communication-but none can replace the role of a great speech.The spoken word can handle various vital functions: persuading or inspiring, informing,paying tribute, entertaining, or simply introducing someone or something or accepting something.Over the past year, the human voice has helped guide us over the ups and downsofwhat was certainly a stormy time.Persuasion is used in dealing with or reconciling different points of view. When theleaders met in Copenhagen in December 2009, persuasive words from activists encouraged them to commit themselves to firmer action.Inspirational speeches confront the emotions. They focus on topics and mattersthat areclose to people's hearts. During wars, generals used inspiring speeches to prepare the troops for battle.A speech that conveys knowledge and enhances understanding can inform us. The information must be clear, accurate, and expressed in a meaningful and interesting way.When the HINI pandemic (流行病) was announced, the idea of swine flu (猪流感) scared many people. Informative speeches from World Health Organization officials helped people to keep their panic under control so they could take sensible precautions.Sad events are never easy to deal with but a speech that pays tribute to the loss of aloved one and gives praise for their contribution can be comforting. Madonna's speech about Michael Jackson, after his death, highlighted the fact that he will continue to liveon through his music.It's not only in world forums where public speaking plays an important role. It can alsobe surprisingly helpful in the course of our own lives.If you're taking part in a debate you need to persuade the listeners of the soundness ofyour argument. In sports, athletes know the importance of a pep talk (鼓舞士气的讲话) before a match to inspire teammates. You yourself may be asked to do a presentationat college or work to inform the others about an area of vital importance.On a more personal level, a friend may be upset and need comforting. Or you might beasked to introduce a speaker at a family event or to speak at a wedding, where your language will be needed to move people or make them laugh.Great speaking ability is not something we're born with. Even Barack Obama workshard to perfect every speech. For a brilliant speech, there are rules that you can put to good use. To learn those rules you have to practice and learn from some outstanding speeches in the past.81、The author thinks the spoken word is still irreplaceable becauseA. it has always been used to inspire or persuade people.B. it has a big role to play in the entertainment business.C. it is of great use in everyday-life context.D. it plays important roles in human communication.82、Which of the following statements is INCORRECT about the role of public speaking?A. Speeches at world forums can lead to effective solutions to world problems.B. Speeches from medical authorities can calm people down in times of pandemics.C. The morale of soldiers before a battle can be boosted by senior officers speeches.D. Speeches paying tribute to the dead can comfort the mourners.83、Public speaking can play all the following roles EXCEPTA. to convince people in a debate.B. to inform people at a presentation.C. to advise people at work.D. to entertain people at a wedding.84、According to the passage, which of the following best explains the author's view ongreat speaking ability?A. It comes from observing rules.B. It comes from learning and practice.C. It can be perfected with easy effort.D. It can be acquired from birth.85、What is the main idea of the passage?A. Public speaking in international forums.B. Public speaking in daily life context.C. The many uses of public speaking.D. The rules of public speaking.TEXT BEvery business needs two things, says Skullcandy CEO Rick Alden: inspiration and desperation. In 2001, Alden had both. He'd sold two snowboarding businesses, and he was desperately bored. But he had an idea: He wanted to make a new kind of headphone.I kept seeing people missing their cell phone calls because they were listening to music, he explains. Then I'm in a chairlift(索道), I've got my headphones on, and I realize my phone is ringing. As I take my gloves off and reach for my phone, I think, Itcan't be that tough to make headphones with two plugs, one for music and one for yourcell phone. Alden described what he wanted to a designer, perfected a prototype, and outsourced (外包) manufacturing overseas.Alden then started designing headphones into helmets, backpacks-anywhere that wouldmake it easy to listen to music while snowboarding. Selling into board and skate shopswasn't a big research effort, he explains. Those were the only guys I knew!Alden didn't want to be a manufacturer. And by outsourcing, he'd hoped he couldgetthe business off the ground without debt. But he was wrong. So he asked his wife: Can Iput a mortgage (抵押贷款) on the house? She said, 'What is the worst thing that can happen? We lose the house, we sell our cars, and we start all over again.'I definitely married the right woman!For the next two years, Alden juggled mortgage payments and payments to his manufacturers. Factories won't ship your product till they get paid, he says. But it takes four or five months to get a mortgage company so upset that they knock on your door. So we paid the factory first.Gradually, non-snowboarders began .to notice the colourful headphones. In 2006, thecompany started selling them in 1,400 FYE (For Your Entertainment) stores. We knew that nine out of ten people walking into that store would be learning about Skullcandy forthe first time. Why would they look at brands they knew and take home a new brand instead? We had agreed to buy back anything we didn't sell, but we were dealing withhuge numbers. It'd kill us to take back all the products.Alden's fears faded as Skullcandy became the No. 1 headphone seller in those storesand tripled its revenue to $120 million in one year. His key insight was that headphonesweren't gadgets; they were a fashion accessory. In the beginning, he says, hat littlewhite wire that said you had an iPod-that was cool. But now wearing the white bud means you're just like everyone else. Headphones occupy this critical piece of cranial realestate and are highly visible.Today, Skullcandy is America's second-largest headphone supplier, after Sony. With 79employees, the company is bigger than Alden ever imagined.86、Alden came up with the idea of a new kind of headphone because heA. was no longer in snowboarding business.B. had no other business opportunities.C. saw an inconvenience among mobile users.D. was very fond of modern music.87、The new headphone was originally designed forA. snowboarders.B. motor cyclists.C. mountain hikers.D. marathon runners.88、How did Alden solve the money problem?A. He sold his house and his cars.B. Factories could ship products before being paid.C. He borrowed money from a mortgage company.D. He borrowed money from his wife's family.89、What did Alden do to promote sales in FYE stores?A. He spent more money on product advertising.B. He agreed to sell products at a discount.C. He improved the colour design of the product.D. He promised to buy back products not sold.90、Alden sees headphones asA. a kind of device.B. part of fashion.C. a symbol of status.D. a sign of self-confidence.TEXT CI was standing in my kitchen wondering what to have for lunch when my friend Tai called.Sit down, she said.I thought she was going to tell me she had just gotten the haircut from hell. I laughedand said, .It can't be that bad.But it was. Before the phone call, I had 30 years of retirement savings in a safe fundwith a brilliant financial guru (金融大亨). When I put down the phone, my savings weregone. I felt as if I had died and, for some unknown reason, was still breathing.Since Bernie Madoffs arrest on charges of running a $65 million Ponzi scheme,I'veread many articles about how we investors should have .known what was going on. I wish I could say I had reservations about Madoff before he Call, but I did not.On New Year's Eve, three weeks after we lost our savings, six of us Madoff people gathered at Tai's house for dinner. As we were sitting around the table, someone asked,If you could have your money back right now, but it would mean giving up what you have learned by losing it, would you take the money or would you take what losing themoney has given you?My husband was still in financial shock. He said, I just want my money back. I wasn'tcertain where I stood. I knew that losing our money had cracked me wide open. I'd beenwalking around like what the Buddhists call a hungry ghost: always focused on the bitethat was yet to come, not the one in my mouth. No matter how much I ate or had or experienced, it didn't satisfy me, because I wasn't really taking it in, wasn't absorbing it.Now I was forced to pay attention. Still, I couldn't honestly say that if someone had offered me the money back, I would turn it down.But the other four all said that what they were seeing about themselves was incalculable,arid they didn't think it would have become apparent without the ground of financial stability being ripped out from underneath them.My friend Michael said, I'd started to get complacent. It's as if the muscles of my heartstarted to atrophy (萎缩). Now they're awake, alive-and I don't want to go back.These weren't just empty words. Michael and his wife needed to take in boarders tomeet their expenses. Taj was so broke that she was moving into someone's garage apartment in three weeks. Three friends had declared bankruptcy and weren't sure whereor how they were going to live.91、What did the author learn from Taj's call?A. Taj had got an awful haircut.B. They had lost their retirement savings.C. Taj had just retired from work.D. They were going to meet for lunch.92、How did the author feel in the following weeks?A. Angry.B. Disappointed.C. Indifferent.D. Desperate.93、According to the passage, to which was she forced to pay attention?A. Her friends.B. Her husband.C. Her lost savings.D. Herexperience.94、Which of the following statements is CORRECT about her friends?A. Her friends valued their experience more.B. Her friends felt the same as she did.C. Her friends were in a better financial situation.D. Her friends were more optimisticthan she.95、What is the message of the passage?A. Understanding gained is more important than money lost.B. It is natural to see varied responses to financial crises.C. Desire for money is human nature.D. One has to be decisive during crises.TEXT Dth century, there used to be a model of how to be a good person. There are all In the 19these torrents of passion flowing through you. Your job, as captain of your soul, is toerect dams to keep these passions in check. Your job is to just say no to laziness, lust, greed, drug use and the other sins.These days that model is out of fashion. You usually can't change your behaviour bysimply resolving to do something. Knowing what to do is not the same as being able todo it. Your willpower is not like a dam that can block the torrent of self-indulgence. It'smore like a muscle, which tires easily. Moreover, you're a social being. If everybody around you is overeating, you'll probably do so, too.th-century character model was based on an understanding of free will. Today,The 19we know that free will is bounded. People can change their lives, but ordering change isnot simple because many things, even within ourselves, are beyond our direct control.Much of our behavior, for example, is guided by unconscious habits. Researchers atDuke University calculated that more than 40 percent of the actions we take are governedby habit, not actual decisions. Researchers have also come to understand the structure ofhabits-cue, routine, reward.You can change your own personal habits. If you leave running shorts on the floor atnight, that'll be a cue to go running in the morning. Don't try to ignore your afternoon snack craving. Every time you feel the cue for a snack, insert another routine. Take a walk.Their research thus implies a. different character model, which is supposed to manipulate the neural (神经系统的) networks inside.To be an effective person, under this model, you are supposed to coolly examine yourown unconscious habits, and the habits of those under your care. You are supposed to devise strategies to alter the cues and routines. Every relationship becomes slightly manipulative, including your relationship with yourself. You're trying to arouse certainresponses by implanting certain cues.This is a bit disturbing, because the important habitual neural networks are not formed。
2013年英语专四考试真题及答案解析
2013年4月20日英语专业四级TEM4真题及答案(含部分解析)TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS (2013)-GRADE FOUR-TIME LIMIT: 135 MINPART I DICTATION [15 MIN]Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be done at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be done at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work. You will then be given 2 minutes to check through your work once more.Please write the whole passage on ANSWER SHEET ONE.PART II LISTENING COMPREHENSION [20 MIN]In Sections A B and C you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Mark the best answer to each question on Answer Sheet Two.SECTION A CONVERSATIONSIn this section you will hear several conversations. Listen to the conversations carefully and then answer the questions that follow.Questions 1 to 3 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the conversation.1. Accordi ng to the conversation, an example of “Christmas trimmings” could be _______.A. presentsB. fruitsC. sauceD. meat.2. A Christmas lunch would include all the following EXCEPT _______.A. roast turkeyB. sweet potatoesC. meatD. carrots.3. Why did Helen come to Rob?s house?A. She wanted to talk to Rob.B. She had come to help Rob.C. She had been invited to lunch.D. She was interested in cooking.Questions 4 to 7 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the conversation.4. Why did the woman phone the club?A. She wanted to know more about it.B. She was a new comer and felt lonely.C. She wanted to learn a new language.D. She was interested in social activities.5. We learn from the conversation that the club _______.A. mainly organizes language activitiesB. accepts members from local studentsC. has been set up for a long timeD. is increasing its membership6. According to the conversation, the woman might come to practice German on _______.A. WednesdayB. TuesdayC. MondayD. Friday7. What is the man going to do after the conversation?A. Call up the woman for her address.B. Wait for the woman to call him again.C. Mail the woman some information.D. Wait for the woman to pick up a form.Questions 8 to 10 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now listen to the conversation.8. According to the woman, what actually makes her job difficult?A. Difficult questions from interviewees.B. Embarrassing requests from interviewees.C. Lack of professional background.D. Lack of interviewing skills.9. The woman uses all the following adjectives when talking about attending job fairs EXCEPT _______.A. prospectiveB. usefulC. importantD. tiring10. We learn from the conversation that the woman _______.A. works better at job fairsB. prefers honest peopleC. often works on her ownD. is experienced in her work.SECTION B PASSAGESIn this section, you will hear several passages. Listen to the passages carefully and then answer the questions that follow.Questions 11 to 13 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the passage.11. According to today's weather forecast, which part of Europe has dry weather?A. Scandinavian mountains.B. Northwestern Europe.C. Northern Europe.D. Southern Europe.12. In which part of Europe does the weather stay both fine and cool?A. Southern Europe.B. Northern Europe.C. Eastern Europe.D. Northwestern Europe.13. In which region will the weather change tomorrow?A. Northern parts of the Mediterranean.B. Eastern parts of the Mediterranean.C. Central parts of the Mediterranean.D. Southern parts of the Mediterranean.Questions 14 to 17 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the passage.14. According to the passage, what benefit can technology bring to people?A. Closer contact with modern devices.B. Greater changes in social organization.C. Better understanding of mass media.D. More useful information to better their life.15. The speaker questions about everybody?s access to technological advances. The main reason is _______.A. illiteracyB. povertyC. food shortageD. ignorance16. According to the UN plan, all the following will be achieved within ten years EXCEPT _______.A. giving everyone a radio or TVB. starting to carry out the scheme in ten yearsC. offering internet service to more peopleD. providing more job opportunities17. What could be the topic of the passage?A. Growth in telecommunications.B. Technology and the developing world.C. Education and medical care.D. Building an information society.Questions 18 to 20 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the passage.18. People in Latin America wear something _______ to express their hopes for wealth in the New Year.A. newB. redC. whiteD. yellow19. Which of the following New Year?s traditions signals friendship?A. Throwing old dishes.B. Wearing something red.C. Wearing something white.D. Eating round fruits.20. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as one's own New Year?s tradition?A. Watching TV at home.B. Going to bed early.C. Visiting friends.D. Running and shouting outside.SECTION C NEWS BROADCASTIn this section, you will hear several news items. Listen to them carefully and then answer the questions that follow.Questions 21 and 22 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now. listen to the news.21. What is happening to the schools in Fairfax County this school year?A. 15 schools have started social studies.B. 15 schools have used digital textbooks.C. Students are ready to use electronic resources.D. Digital textbooks are used for social studies.22. With digital textbooks, schools have saved about _______ million dollars.A. 1B. 2C. 3D. 4Questions 23 and 24 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the news.23. Who found the suspicious item at the airport?A. TSA agents.B. FBI agents.C. The police.D. Passengers.24. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?A. The terminal was closed temporarily afterwards.B. There was a thorough search inside the airport.C. Passengers at the airport were safe and sound.D. The security authorities identified the explosives.Questions 25 and 26 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the news.25. According to the news item, doctors use art therapy to treat the following problems EXCEPT _______.A. alcohol abuseB. smokingC. depressionD. schizophrenia26. Why did doctors introduce art therapy in the first place?A. To prevent patients from smoking.B. To better understand patients.C. To get patients occupied.D. To teach patients some skills.Questions 27 and 28 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the news.27. What is the main purpose of the new rules?A. To reduce the number of pilots on duty.B. To prevent pilots from working overtime.C. To ensure an adequate amount of sleep.D. To fix the amount of work for each pilot.28. The Independent Pilots Association was unhappy about the new rules because they _______.A. had only covered cargo plane pilotsB. had failed to cover all the pilotsC. would be put into effect in two yearsD. would be too costly if implementedQuestions 29 and 30 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the news.29. Why is increase in livestock production necessary?A. Because livestock production is highly efficient.B. Because more people will become wealthier.C. Because it may help double food production.D. Because it has fewer ecological risks.30. What does the word “challenge” mean in the news item?A. Balance between human survival and ecology.B. Conflict between less land and more production.C. Difference between present and future needs.D. Calls by environmental critics to consume less meat.PART III CLOZE [15 MIN]Decide which of the choices given below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks. Mark the best choice for each blank on ANSWER SHEET TWO.Everyone knows that taxation is necessary in a modern state: Without it, it (31)____ not be possible to pay the soldiers and policemen who protect us; (32)____ the workers in government offices who (33)____ our health, our food, our water, and all the other things that we cannot do for ourselves; nor the ministers and members of parliament(国会) who govern the country for us. (34)____ taxation, we pay for things that we need just (35)____ we need somewhere to live and something to eat. But (36)____ everyone knows that taxation is necessary, different people have different ideas about (37)____ taxation should be arranged. Should each person have to pay a certain amount of money to the government each year? Or should there be tax on things that people buy and sell? If the first kind of taxation is used, should everyone pay the same tax, whether he is rich or poor? If the second kind of tax is preferred, should everythingbe taxed equally? In most countries, a direct tax on (38)____, which is called income tax, (39)____. It is arranged in such a (40)____ that the poorest people pay nothing, and the percentage of tax grows (41)____ as the taxpayer?s income grows. In England, for example, the tax on the richest people (42)____ as high as ninety-five percent! (43)____ countries with direct taxation nearly (44)____ have indirect taxation too. Many things imported into the country have to pay taxes or “duties”. Of course, it is the men and women who buy these imported things in the shops (45)____ really have to pay the duties, in the (46)____ of higher prices. In some countries, (47)____, there is a tax on things sold in the shops. If the most necessary things are taxed, a lot of money is (48)____, but the poor people suffer most. If unnecessary things (49)____ jewels and fur coats are taxed, less money is got but the tax is (50)____, as the rich pay it.31. A. can B. may C. could D. would32. A. nor B. neither C. never D. not33. A. look into B. look over C. look after D. look through34. A. In accordance to B. By means of C. With reference to D. On account of35. A. as well as B. as good as C. as such as D. as much as36. A. if B. when C. though D. as37. A. when B. how C. why D. which38. A. persons B. sectors C. communities D. classes39. A. remains B. stays C. exists D. happens40. A. form B. way C. measure D. method41. A. quicker B. speedier C. more D. larger42. A. grows up B. increases up C. goes up D. lifts up43. A. But B. Consequently C. Similarly D. And44. A. periodically B. almost C. often D. always45. A. which B. who C. what D. whom46. A. manner B. form C. means D. why47. A. either B. also C. too D. often48. A. lent B. saved C. borrowed D. collected49. A. alike B. like C. as D. for50. A. heavier B. fairer C. finer D. betterPART IV GRAMMAR & VOCABULARY [15 MIN]There are thirty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO.51. Facing the board of directors, he didn't deny ______ breaking the agreement.A. himB. itC. hisD. its52. Xinchun returned from abroad a different man. The italicized part functions as a(n) ______.A. appositive(同位语)B. objectC. adverbialD. complement.53. Which of the following is a compound word (复合词)A. NonsmokerB. DeadlineC. MeannessD. Misfit54. Which of the following sentences contains subjunctive mood?A. Lucy insisted that her son get home before 5 o?clock?B. She used to drive to work, but now she takes the city metro.C. Walk straight ahead, and don't turn till the second traffic lights.D. Paul will cancel his flight if he cannot get his visa by Friday.55. The following determiners(限定词) can be used with both plural and uncountable nouns EXCEPT ______.A. moreB. enoughC. manyD. such56. Which of the italicized parts indicates CONTRAST?A. She opened the door and quietly went in.B. Victoria likes music and Sam is fond of sports.C. Think it over again and you'll get an answer.D. He is somewhat arrogant, and I don?t like this.57. Which of the following CANNOT be used as a nominal substitute(名词替代词)A. MuchB. NeitherC. OneD. Quarter58. All the following sentences definitely indicate future time EXCEPT ______.A. Mother is to have tea with Aunt Betty at four.B. The President is coming to the UN next week,C. The school pupils will be home by now.D. He is going to email me the necessary information.59. Which of the following sentences is grammatically INCORRECT?A. Politics are the art or science of government.B. Ten miles seems like a long walk to me.C. Mumps is a kind of infectious disease.D. All the furniture has arrived undamaged.60. Which of in the following phrases indicates a subject-predicate relationship?A. The arrival of the touristsB. The law of NewtonC. The occupation of the islandD. The plays of Oscar Wilde61. Which of the following italicized parts serves as an appositive?A. He is not the man to draw back.B. Tony hit back the urge to tell a lie.C. Larry has a large family to support.D. There is really nothing to fear.62. Which of the following is NOT an imperative sentence?A. Let me drive you home, shall I?B. You will mind your own business.C. Come and have dinner with us.D. I wish you could stay behind.63. If it ______ tomorrow, the match would be put off.A. were to rainB. was to rainC. was rainingD. had rained64. Which of the following sentences expresses a fact?A. Mary and her son must be home by now.B. Careless reading must give poor results.C. It's getting late, and I must leave now.D. He must be working late at the office.65. The following are all dynamic verbs(动态动词) EXCEPT ______.A. remainB. turnC. writeD. knock66. ______ to school life was less difficult than the pupil had expected.A. AdheringB. AdoptingC. AdjustingD. Acquainting67. He is fed up with the same old dreary routine, and wants to quit his job. The underlined part means ______.A. dullB. boringC. longD. hard68. At last night's party Larry said something that I thought was beyond me. The underlined part means ______.A. I was unable to doB. I couldn't understandC. I was unable to stopD. I couldn't tolerate69. The couple ______ their old house and sold it for a vast profit.A. did forB. did inC. did withD. did up70. Sally contributed a lot to the project, but she never once accepted all the ______ for herself.A. creditB. attentionC. focusD. award71. The child nodded, apparently content with his mother's promise. The underlined part means ______.A. as far as one has learntB. as far as one is concernedC. as far as one can seeD. as far as one is told72. The ______ that sport builds character is well accepted by people nowadays.A. issueB. argumentC. pointD. sentence73. Everyone in the office knows that Melinda takes infinite care over her work. The underlined part means ______.A. limitedB. unnecessaryC. overdueD. much74. The new measure will reduce the chance of serious injury in the event of an accident. The underlined part means ______.A. if an accident happensB. if an accident can be preventedC. before an accidentD. during an accident75. Traditionally, local midwives would ______ all the babies in the area.A. handleB. produceC. deliverD. help76. No food or drink is allowed on the premises. The underlined part means ______.A. propositionB. advertisementC. buildingD. string77. The court would not accept his appeal unless ______ evidence is provided.A. conclusiveB. definiteC. eventualD. concluding78. As soon as he opened the door, a ______ of cold air swept through the house.A. flowB. movementC. rushD. blast79. She really wanted to say something at the meeting, but eventually ______ from it.A. preventedB. refrainedC. limitedD. restricted80. The couple told the decorator that they wanted their bedroom gaily painted. The underlined part means ______.A. brightlyB. light-heartedlyC. cheerfullyD. lightlyPART V READING COMPREHENSION [25 MIN]In this section there are four passages followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO.TEXT ASaying “thank you” is probably the first thing most of us learn to do in a foreign language. After all, we're brought up to be polite, and it is important to make a good impression upon other people — especially across national divides. The art of public speaking began in ancient Greece over 2,000 years ago. Now, twitter, instant messaging, e-mail, blogs and chat forums offer rival approaches to communication - but none can replace the role of a great speech. The spoken word can handle various vital functions: persuading or inspiring, informing, paying tribute, entertaining, or simply introducing someone or something or accepting something. Over the past year, the human voice has helped guide us over the ups and downs of what was certainly a stormy time. Persuasion is used in dealing with or reconciling different points of view. When the leaders met in Copenhagen in 5 December 2009, persuasivewords from activists encouraged them to commit themselves to firmer action. Inspirational speeches confront the emotions. They focus on topics and matters that are close to people's hearts. During wars, generals used inspiring speeches to prepare the troops for battle. A speech that conveys knowledge and enhances understanding can inform us. The information must be clear, accurate, and expressed in a meaningful and interesting way. When the H1N1 pandemic流行病was announced, the idea of “swine flu”猪流感scared many people. Informative speeches from World Health Organization officials helped people to keep their panic under control so they could take sensible precautions. Sad events are never easy to deal with but a speech that pays tribute to the loss of a loved one and gives praise for their contribution can be comforting. Madonna's speech about Michael Jackson, after his death, highlighted the fact that he will continue to live on through his music. It's not only in world forums where public speaking plays an important role. It can also be surprisingly helpful in the course of our own lives. If you?re taking part in a debate you need to persuade the listeners of the soundness of your argument. In sports, athletes know the importance of a pep talk鼓舞士气的讲话before a match to inspire teammates. You yourself may be asked to do a presentation at college or work to inform the others about an area of vital importance. On a more personal level, a friend may be upset and need comforting. Or you might be asked to introduce a speaker at a family event or to speak at a wedding, where your language will be needed to move people or make them laugh. Great speaking ability is not something we're born with. Even Barack Obama works hard to perfect every speech. For a brilliant speech, there are rules that you can put to good use. To learn those rules you have to practice and learn from some outstanding speeches in the past.81. The author thinks the spoken word is still irreplaceable because _____.A. it has always been used to inspire or persuade people.B. it has a big role to play in the entertainment business.C. it plays important roles in human communication.D. it is of great use in everyday-life context.82. Which of the following statements is IN CORRECT about the role of public speaking?A. Speeches at world forums can lead to effective solutions to world problems.B. Speeches from medical authorities can calm people down in times of pandemics.C. The morale of soldiers before a battle can be boosted by senior officers' speeches.D. Speeches paying tribute to the dead can comfort the mourners.83.Public speaking can play all the following roles EXCEPT _____.A. to convince people in a debate.B. to inform people at a presentation.C. to advise people at work.D. to entertain people at a wedding.84. According to the passage, which of the following best explains the author's view on “great speaking ability”?A. It comes from observing rules.B. It can be perfected with easy effort.C. It can be acquired from birth.D. It comes from learning and practice.85. What is the main idea of the passage?A. Public speaking in international forums.B. The many uses of public speaking.C. Public speaking in daily life context.D. The rules of public speaking.TEXT BEvery business needs two things, says Skull candy CEO Rick Alden: inspiration and desperation. In 2001, Alden had both. He'd sold two snowboarding businesses, and he was desperately bored. But he had an idea: He wanted to make a new kind of headphone. “I kept seeing people missing their cell phone calls because they were listening to music,” he explains. Then I'm in a chairlift索道, I've got my headphones on, and I realize my phone is ringing. As 1 take my gloves off and reach for my phone, I think, “It can't be that tough to make headphones with two plugs, one for music and one for your cell phone.” Alden described what he wanted to a designer, perfected a prototype, and outsourced外包manufacturing overseas. Alden then started designing headphones into helmets, backpacks - anywhere that would make it easy to listen to music while snowboarding. “Selling into board and skate shops wasn't a big research effort,” he explains. “Those were the only guys I knew!” Alden didn't want to be a manufacturer. And by outsourcing, he'd hoped he could get the business off the ground without debt. But he was wrong. So he asked his wife, “Can I put a m ortgage抵押贷款on the house? She said, ?What is the worst thing that can happen? We lose the house, we sell our cars, and we start all over again.? I definitely married the right woman!” For the next two years, Alden juggled mortgage payments and payments t o his manufacturers. “Factories won't ship your product till they get paid,” he says. “But it takes four or five months to get a mortgage company so upset that they knock on your door. So we paid the factory first.” Gradually, non-snowboarders began to notice the colorful headphones. In 2006, thecompany started selling them in 1,400 FYE (For Your Entertainment) stores. “We knew that nine out often people walking into that store would be learning about Skullcandy for the first time. Why would they look at brands they knew and take home a new brand instead? We had agreed to buy back anything we didn't sell, but we were dealing with huge numbers. It'd kill us to take back all the products.” Alden's fears faded as Skullcandy became the No. 1 headphone seller in those stores and tripled its revenue to $120 million in one year . His key insight was that headphones weren't gadgets; they were a fashion accessory. “In the beginning,” he says, “that little white wire that said you had an iPod—that was cool. But now wearing the white bud means you're just like everyone else. Headphones occupy this critical piece of cranial real estate and are highly visible.” Today, Skullcandy is America's second-largest headphone supplier, after Sony. With 79 employees, the company is bigger than Alden ever imagined.86. Alden came up with the idea of a new kind of headphone because he _____.A. was no longer in snowboarding businessB. had no other business opportunitiesC. was very fond of modern musicD. saw an inconvenience among mobile users87. The new headphone was originally designed for _____.A. snowboardersB. motorcyclistsC. mountain hikersD. marathon runners88. Did Alden solve the money problem?A. He sold his house and his cars.B. Factories could ship products before being paid.C. He borrowed money from a mortgage company.D. He borrowed money from his wife's family.89. What did Alden do to promote sales in FYE stores?A. He spent more money on product advertising.B. He promised to buy back products not sold.C. He agreed to sell products at a discount.D. He improved the colour design of the product.90. Alden sees headphones as _____.A. a sign of self-confidenceB. a symbol of statusC. part of fashionD. a kind of deviceTEXT C“I'm a little worried about my future,” said Dustin Hoffman in The Graduate. He should be so lucky. All he had to worry about was whether to have an affair with Mrs Robinson. In the sixties, that was the sum total of post-graduationanxiety syndrome. I was standing in my kitchen wondering what to have for lunch when my friend Taj called. “Sit down,” she said. I thought she was going to tell me she had just gotten the haircut from hell. I laughed and said, “It can't be that bad.” But it was. Before the phone call, I had 30 years of retirement saving in a “safe” fund with a brilliant financial guru金融大亨.When I put down the phone, my savings were gone. I felt as if I had died and, for some unknown reason, was still breathing. Since Bernie Madoff?s arrest on charges of running a $65 million Ponzi scheme, I've read many articles about how we investors should have known what was going on. I wish I could say I had reservations about Madoff before “the Call”, but I did not. On New Year's Eve, three weeks after we lost our savings, six of us Madoff people gathered at Taj's house for dinner. As we were sitting around the table, someone asked, “If you could have your money back right now, but it would mean giving up what you have learned by losing it, would you take the money or would you take what losing the money has given you?” My husband was still in financial shock. He said, “I just want the money back.” I wasn't certain where I stood. I knew that losing our mon ey had cracked me wide open. I?d been walking around like what the Buddhists call a hungry ghost: always focused on the bite that was yet to come, not the one in my mouth. No matter how much I ate or had or experienced, it didn't satisfy me, because I wasn't really taking it in, wasn't absorbing it. Now I was forced to pay attention. Still, I couldn't honestly say that if someone had offered me the money back, I would turn it down. But the other four all said that what they were seeing about themselves was incalculable, and they didn't think it would have become apparent without the ground of financial stability being ripped out from underneath them. My friend Michael said, “I?d started to get complacent. It?s as if the muscles of my heart started to atrophy萎缩. Now they?re awake, alive—and I don?t want to go back.” These weren't just empty words. Michael and his wife needed to take in boarders to meet their expenses. Taj was so broke that she was moving into someone?s garage apartment in three weeks. Three friends had declared bankruptcy and weren't sure where or how they were going to live.91. What did the author learn from Taj's call?A. had got an awful haircut.B. They had lost their retirement savings.C. Taj had just retired from work.D. They were going to meet for lunch.92. How did the author feel in the following weeks?A. Angry.B. Disappointed.C. Indifferent.D. Desperate.93. According to the passage, to which was she “forced to pay attention”?。
2013全国英语专业四级考试真题与参考答案word版
QUESTION BOOKLETTEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS (2013)—GRADE FOUR—TIME LIMIT: 135 MINPART I DICTATION [15 MIN] Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be done at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be done at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work. You will then be given 2 minutes to check through your work once more.Please write the whole passage on ANSWER SHEET ONE.PART II LISTENING COMPREHENSION [20 MIN]In Sections A, B and C you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Mark the best answer to each question on Answer Sheet Two.SECTION A CONVERSATIONSIn this section you will hear several conversations. Listen to the conversations carefully and then answer the questions that follow.Questions 1 to 3 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the conversation.1.According to the conversation, an example of “Christmas trimmings” could beA. presents.B. fruits.C. sauce.D. meat.2. A Christmas lunch would include all the following EXCEPTA. roast turkey.B. sweet potatoes.C. meat.D. carrots.3.Why did Helen come to Rob’s house?A. She wanted to talk to Rob.B. She had come to help Rob.C. She had been invited to lunch.D. She was interested in cooking.Questions 4 to 7 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the conversation.4.Why did the woman phone the club?A. She wanted to know more about it.B. She was a new comer and felt lonely.C. She wanted to learn a new language.D. She was interested in social activities.5.We learn from the conversation that the clubA. mainly organizes language activities.B. accepts members from local students.C. has been set up for a long time.D. is increasing its membership.6.According to the conversation, the woman might come to practice German onA. Wednesday.B. Tuesday.C. Monday.D. Friday.7.What is the man going to do after the conversation?A. Call up the woman for her address.B. Wait for the woman to call him again.C. Mail the woman some information.D. Wait for the woman to pick up a form.Questions 8 to 10 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the conversation.8.According to the woman, what actually makes her job difficult?A. Difficult questions from interviewees.B. Embarrassing requests from interviewees.C. Lack of professional background.D. Lack of interviewing skills.9.The woman uses all the following adjectives when talking about attending job fairsEXCEPTA. prospective.B. useful.C. important.D. tiring.10.We learn from the conversation that the womanA. works better at job fairs.B. prefers honest people.C. often works on her own.D. is experienced in her work.SECTION B PASSAGESIn this section, you will hear several passages. Listen to the passages carefully and then answer the questions that follow.Questions 11 to 13 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the passage.11.According to today's weather forecast, which part of Europe has dry weather?A. Scandinavian mountains.B. Northwestern Europe.C. Northern Europe.D. Southern Europe.12.In which part of Europe does the weather stay both fine and cool?A. Southern Europe.B. Northern Europe.C. Eastern Europe.D. Northwestern Europe.13.In which region will the weather change tomorrow?A. Northern parts of the Mediterranean.B. Eastern parts of the Mediterranean.C. Central parts of the Mediterranean.D. Southern parts of the Mediterranean.Questions 14 to 17 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the passage.14.According to the passage, what benefit can technology bring to people?A. Closer contact with modern devices.B. Greater changes in social organization.C. Better understanding of mass media.D. More useful information to better their life.15.The speaker questions about everybody's access to technological advances. The mainreason isA. illiteracy.B. poverty.C. food shortage.D. ignorance.16.According to the UN plan, all the following will be achieved within ten years EXCEPTA. giving everyone a radio or TV.B. starting to carry out the scheme in ten years.C. offering internet service to more people.D. providing more job opportunities.17.What could be the topic of the passage?A. Growth in telecommunications.B. Technology and the developing world.C. Education and medical care.D. Building an information society.Questions 18 to 20 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the passage.18.People in Latin America wear something __________ to express their hopes for wealth inthe New Year.A. newB. redC. whiteD. yellow19.Which o f the following New Year’s traditions signals friendship?A. Throwing old dishes.B. Wearing something red.C. Wearing something white.D. Eating round fruits.20.Which of the following is NOT mentioned as one's own New Year's tradition?A. Watching TV at home.B. Going to bed early.C. Visiting friends.D. Running and shouting outside.SECTION C NEWS BROADCASTIn this section, you will hear several news items. Listen to them carefully and then answer the questions that follow.Questions 21 and 22 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the news.21.What is happening to the schools in Fairfax County this school year?A. 15 schools have started social studies.B. 15 schools have used digital textbooks.C. Students are ready to use electronic resources.D. Digital textbooks are used for social studies.22.With digital textbooks, schools have saved about __________ million dollars.A. 1B. 2C. 3D. 4Questions 23 and 24 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the news.23.Who found the suspicious item at the airport?A. TSA agents.B. FBI agents.C. The police.D. Passengers.24.Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?A. The terminal was closed temporarily afterwards.B. There was a thorough search inside the airport.C. Passengers at the airport were safe and sound.D. The security authorities identified the explosives.Questions 25 and 26 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the news.25.According to the news item, doctors use art therapy to treat the following problemsEXCEPTA. alcohol abuse.B. smoking.C. depression.D. schizophrenia.26.Why did doctors introduce art therapy in the first place?A. To prevent patients from smoking.B. To better understand patients.C. To get patients occupied.D. To teach patients some skills.Question 27 and 28 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the news.27.What is the main purpose of the new rules?A. To reduce the number of pilots on duty.B. To prevent pilots from working overtime.C. To ensure an adequate amount of sleep.D. To fix the amount of work for each pilot.28.The Independent Pilots Association was unhappy about the new rules because theyA. had only covered cargo plane pilots.B. had failed to cover all the pilots.C. would be put into effect in two years.D. would be too costly if implemented.Questions 29 and 30 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the news.29.Why is increase in livestock production necessary?A. Because livestock production is highly efficient.B. Because more people will become wealthier.C. Because it may help double food production.D. Because it has fewer ecological risks.30.What does the word “challenge” mean in the news item?A. Balance between human survival and ecology.B. Conflict between less land and more production.C. Difference between present and future needs.D. Calls by environmental critics to consume less meat.PART III CLOZE [15 MIN]Decide which of the choices given below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks. Mark the best choice for each blank on Answer Sheet Two.Everyone knows that taxation is necessary in a modern state: without it, it (31) ______ not be possible to pay the soldiers and policemen who protect us; (32) ______ the workers in government offices who (33) ______ our health, our food, our water, and all the other things that we cannot do for ourselves. (34) ______ taxation, we pay for things that we need just (35) ______ we need somewhere to live and something to eat. But (36) ______ everyone knows that taxation is necessary, different people have different ideas about (37) ______ taxation should be arranged. 31. A. canB. mayC. couldD. would32. A. norB. neitherC. neverD. not33. A. look intoB. look overC. look afterD. look through34. A. In accordance withB. By means ofC. With reference toD. On account of35. A. as well asB. as good asC. as such asD. as much as36. A. ifB. whenC. thoughD. as37. A. whenB. howC. whyD. whichIn most countries, a direct tax on (38) ______, which is called income tax, (39) ______. It is arranged in such (40) ______ that the poorest people pay nothing, and the percentage of tax grows (41) ______ as the taxpayer's income grows. In some countries, for example, the tax on the richest people (42) ______ as high as ninety-five per cent!(43) ______ countries with taxation nearly (44) ______ have indirect taxation too. Many things imported into the country have to pay taxes or “duties.” Of course,it is the men and women who buy these imported things in the shops (45) ______ really have to pay the duties, in the (46) 38. A. personsB. sectorsC. communitiesD. classes39. A. remainsB. staysC. existsD. happens40. A. formB. wayC. measureD. method41. A. quickerB. speedierC. moreD. larger42. A. grows upB. increases upC. goes upD. lifts up43. A. ButB. ConsequentlyC. SimilarlyD. And44. A. periodicallyB. almostC. oftenD. always45. A. whichB. whoC. whatD. whom______ of higher prices. In some countries, (47) ______, there is a tax on things sold in the shops. If the most necessary things are taxed, a lot of money is (48) ______ but the poor people suffer most. If unnecessary things (49) ______ jewels and fur coats are taxed, less money is obtained but the tax is (50) ______, as the rich pay it. 46. A. mannerB. formC. meansD. way47. A. eitherB. alsoC. tooD. often48. A. lentB. savedC. borrowedD. collected49. A. alikeB. likeC. asD. for50. A. heavierB. fairerC. finerD. betterPART IV GRAMMAR & VOCABULARY [15 MIN]There are thirty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence.Mark your answers on Answer Sheet Two.51. Facing the board of directors, he didn’t deny __________ breaking the agreement.A. himB. itC. hisD. its52. Xinchun returned from aboard a different man. The italicized part functions as a (n)__________.A. appositive (同位语)B. objectC. adverbialD. complement.53. Which of the following is a compound word (复合词)?A. Nonsmoker.B. Deadline.C. Meanness.D. Misfit.54. Which of the following sentences contains subjunctive mood?A. Lucy insisted that her son get home before 5 o’clock?B. She used to drive to work, but now she takes the city metro.C. Walk straight ahead, and don't turn till the second traffic lights.D. Paul will cancel his flight if he cannot get his visa by Friday.55. The following determiners(限定词) can be used with both plural and uncountable nounsEXCEPTA. more.B. enough.C. many.D. such.56. Which of the italicized parts indicates CONTRAST?A. She opened the door and quietly went in.B. Victoria likes music and Sam is fond of sports.C. Think it over again and you’ll get an answer.D. He is somewhat arrogant, and I don't like this.57. Which of the following CANNOT be used as a nominal substitute(名词替代词)?A. Much.B. Neither.C. One.D. Quarter.58. All the following sentences definitely indicate future time EXCEPTA. Mother is to have tea with Aunt Betty at four.B. The President is coming to the UN next week,C. The school pupils will be home by now.D. He is going to email me the necessary information.59. Which of the following sentences is grammatically INCORRECT?A. Politics are the art or science of government.B. Ten miles seems like a long walk to me.C. Mumps is a kind of infectious disease.D. All the furniture has arrived undamaged.60. Which of in the following phrases indicates a subject-predicate relationship?A. The arrival of the touristsB. The law of NewtonC. The occupation of the islandD. The plays of Oscar Wilde61. Which of the following italicized parts serves as an appositive?A. He is not the man to draw back.B. Tony hit back the urge to tell a lie.C. Larry has a large family to support.D. There is really nothing to fear.62. Which of the following is NOT an imperative sentence?A. Let me drive you home, shall I?B. You will mind your own business!C. Come and have dinner with us.D. I wish you could stay behind.63. If it _______ tomorrow, the match would be put off.A. were to rainB. was to rainC. was rainingD. had rained64. Which of the following sentences expresses a fact?A. Mary and her son must be home by now.B. Careless reading must give poor results.C. It’s getting late, and I must le ave now.D. He must be working late at the office.65. The following are all dynamic verbs(动态动词) EXCEPTA. remain.B. turn.C. write.D. knock.66. __________ to school life was less difficult than the pupil had expected.A. AdheringB. AdoptingC. AdjustingD. Acquaintingpart means __________.A. dullB. boringC. longD. hardpart means __________.A. I was unable to doB. I couldn’t understandC. I was unable to stopD. I couldn’t tolerate69. The couple __________their old house and sold it for a vast profit.A. did forB. did inC. did withD. did up70. Sally contributed a lot to the project, but she never once accepted all the __________ forherself.A. creditB. attentionC. focusD. awardmeans __________.A. as far as one has learntB. as far as one is concernedC. as far as one can seeD. as far as one is told72. The __________ that sport builds character is well accepted by people nowadays.A. issueB. argumentC. pointD. sentenceunderlined part means __________.A. limitedB. unnecessaryC. overdueD. muchThe underlined part means __________.A. if an accident happensB. if an accident can be preventedC. before an accidentD. during an accident75. Traditionally, local midwives would __________ all the babies in the area.A. handleB. produceC. deliverD. helpA. propositionB. advertisementC. buildingD. string77. The court would not accept his appeal unless __________ evidence is provided.A. conclusiveB. definiteC. eventualD. concluding78. As soon as he opened the door, a __________ of cold air swept through the house.A. flowB. movementC. rushD. blast79. She really wanted to say something at the meeting, but eventually __________ from it.A. preventedB. refrainedC. limitedD. restrictedunderlined part means __________.A. brightlyB. light-heartedlyC. cheerfullyD. lightlyPART V READING COMPREHENSION [25 MIN]In this section there are four passages followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer.Mark your answers on Answer Sheet Two.TEXT AThe art of public speaking began in ancient Greece over 2,000 years ago. Now, twitter, instant messaging, , blogs and chat forums offer rival approaches to communication—but none can replace the role of a great speech.The spoken word can handle various vital functions: persuading or inspiring, informing, paying tribute, entertaining, or simply introducing someone or something or accepting something.Over the past year, the human voice has helped guide us over the ups and downs of what was certainly a stormy time.Persuasion is used in dealing with or reconciling different points of view. When the leaders met in Copenhagen in December 2009, persuasive words from activists encouraged them to commit themselves to firmer action.Inspirational speeches confront the emotions. They focus on topics and matters that are close to people's hearts. During wars, generals used inspiring speeches to prepare the troops for battle.A speech that conveys knowledge and enhances understanding can inform us. The information must be clear, accurate, and expressed in a meaningful and interesting way. When the H1N1 pandemic（流行病）was announced, the idea of “swine flu”（猪流感）scared many people. Informative speeches from World Health Organization officials helped people to keep their panic under control so they could take sensible precautions.Sad events are never easy to deal with but a speech that pays tribute to the loss of a loved one and gives praise for their contribution can be comforting. Madonna's speech about Michael Jackson, after his death, highlighted the fact that he will continue to live on through his music.It's not only in world forums where public speaking plays an important role. It can also be surprisingly helpful in the course of our own lives.If you’re taking part in a debate you need to persuade the listeners of the soundness of your argument. In sports, athletes know the importance of a pep talk（鼓舞士气的讲话）before a match to inspire teammates. You yourself may be asked to do a presentation at college or work to inform the others about an area of vital importance.On a more personal level, a friend may be upset and need comforting. Or you might be asked to introduce a speaker at a family event or to speak at a wedding, where your language will be needed to move people or make them laugh.Great speaking ability is not something we're born with. Even Barack Obama works hard to perfect every speech. For a brilliant speech, there are rules that you can put to good use. To learn those rules you have to practice and learn from some outstanding speeches in the past.81. The author thinks the spoken word is still irreplaceable becauseA. it has always been used to inspire or persuade people.B. it has a big role to play in the entertainment business.C. it plays important roles in human communication.D. it is of great use in everyday-life context.82. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT about the role of public speaking?A. Speeches at world forums can lead to effective solutions to world problems.B. Speeches from medical authorities can calm people down in times of pandemics.C. The morale of soldiers before a battle can be boosted by senior officers' speeches.D. Speeches paying tribute to the dead can comfort the mourners.83. Public speaking can play all the following roles EXCEPTA. to convince people in a debate.B. to inform people at a presentation.C. to advise people at work.D. to entertain people at a wedding.84. According to the passage, which of the following best explains the author's view on“great speaking ability”?A. It comes from observing rules.B. It can be perfected with easy effort.C. It can be acquired from birth.D. It comes from learning and practice.85. What is the main idea of the passage?A. Public speaking in international forums.B. The many uses of public speaking.C. Public speaking in daily life context.D. The rules of public speaking.TEXT BEvery business needs two things, says Skullcandy CEO Rick Alden: inspiration and desperation. In 2001, Alden had both. He'd sold two snowboarding businesses, and he was desperately bored. But he had an idea: He wanted to make a new kind of headphone.“I kept seeing people missing their cell phone calls because they were listening to music,” he explains. Then I'm in a chairlift（索道）, I've got my headphones on, and I realize my phone is ringing. As 1 take my gloves off and reach for my phone, I think, “It can't be that tough to make headphones with two plugs, one for music and one for your cell phone.” Alden described what he wanted to a designer, perfected a prototype, and outsourced（外包）manufacturing overseas.Alden then started designing headphones into helmets, backpacks - anywhere that would make it easy to listen to music while snowboarding. “Selling into board and skate shops wasn't a big research effort,” he explains. “Those were the only guys I knew!”Alden didn’t want to be a manufacturer. And by outsourcing, he'd hoped he could get the business off the ground without debt. But he was wrong. So he asked his wife, “Can I put a mortgage（抵押贷款）on the house? She said, ‘What is the worst thing that can happen? We lose the house, we sell our cars, and we start all over again.’ I definitely married the right woman!”For the next two years, Alden juggled mortgage payments and payments to his manufacturers. “Factories won't ship your product till they get paid,” he says. “But it takes four or five months to get a mortgage company so upset that they knock on your door. So we paid the factory first.”Gradually, non-snowboarders began to notice the colorful headphones. In 2006, the company started selling them in 1,400 FYE (For Your Entertainment) stores. “We knew that nine out often people walking into that store would be learning about Skullcandy for the first time. Why would they look at brands they knew and take home a new brand instead? We had agreed to buy back anything we didn’t sell, but we were dealing with huge numbers. I t’d killus to take back all the products.”Alden’s fears faded as Skullcandy became the No. 1 headphone selle r in those stores and tripled its revenue to $120 million in one year. His key insight was that headphones weren’t gadgets; they were a fashion accessory. “In the beginning,” he says, “that little white wire that said you had an iPod—that was cool. But now wearing the white bud means you’re just like everyone else. Headphones occupy this critical piece of cranial real estate and are highly visible.”Today, Skullcandy is America's second-largest headphone supplier, after Sony. With 79 employees, the company is bigger than Alden ever imagined.86. Alden came up with the idea of a new kind of headphone because heA. was no longer in snowboarding business.B. had no other business opportunities.C. was very fond of modern music.D. saw an inconvenience among mobile users.87. The new headphone was originally designed forA. snowboarders.B. motorcyclists.C. mountain hikers.D. marathon runners.88. Did Alden solve the money problem?A. He sold his house and his cars.B. Factories could ship products before being paid.C. He borrowed money from a mortgage company.D. He borrowed money from his wife's family.89. What did Alden do to promote sales in FYE stores?A. He spent more money on product advertising.B. He promised to buy back products not sold.C. He agreed to sell products at a discount.D. He improved the colour design of the product.90. Alden sees headphones asA. a sign of self-confidence.B. a symbol of status.C. part of fashion.D. a kind of device.TEXT CI was standing in my kitchen wondering what to have for lunch when my friend Taj called.“Sit down,” she said.I thought she was going to tell me she had just gotten the haircut from hell. I laughed and said, “It can't be that bad.”But it was. Before the phone call, I had 30 years of re tirement saving in a “safe” fund with a brilliant financial guru（金融大亨）.When I put down the phone, my savings were gone. I felt as if I had died and, for some unknown reason, was still breathing.Since Bernie Madoff’s arrest on charges of running a $65 million Ponzi scheme, I’ve read many articles about how we investors should have known what was going on. I wish I could say I had reservations about Madoff before “the Call”, but I did not.On New Year’s Eve, three weeks after we lost our savings, six of us M adoff people gathered at Taj's house for dinner. As we were sitting around the table, someone asked, “If you could have your money back right now, but it would mean giving up what you have learned by losing it, would you take the money or would you take what losing the money has given you?”My husband was still in financial shock. He said, “I just want the money back.” I wasn't certain where I stood. I knew that losing our money had cracked me wide open. I’d been walking around like what the Buddhists call a hungry ghost: always focused on the bite that was yet to come, not the one in my mouth. No matter how much I ate or had or experienced, it didn’t satisfy me, because I wasn’t really taking it in, wasn't absorbing it. Now I was forced to pay attention.Still, I couldn't honestly say that if someone had offered me the money back, I would turn it down.But the other four all said that what they were seeing about themselves was incalculable, and they didn’t think it would have become apparent without the gro und of financial stability being ripped out from underneath them.My friend Michael said, “I’d started to get complacent. It’s as if the muscles of my heart started to atrophy（萎缩）. Now they’re awake, alive—and I don’t want to go back.”These weren’t just empty words. Michael and his wife needed to take in boarders to meet their expenses. Taj was so broke that she was moving into someone’s garage apartment in three weeks. Three friends had declared bankruptcy and weren't sure where or how they were going to live.91. What did the author learn from Taj’s call?A. had got an awful haircut.B. They had lost their retirement savings.C. Taj had just retired from work.D. They were going to meet for lunch.92. How did the author feel in the following weeks?A. Angry.B. Disappointed.C. Indifferent.D. Desperate.93. According to the passage, to which was she “forced to pay attention”?A. Her friends.B. Her husband.C. Her lost savings.D. Her experience.94. Which of the following statements is CORRECT about her friends?A. Her friends valued their experience more.B. Her friends felt the same as she did.C. Her friends were in a better financial situation.D Her friends were more optimistic than she.95. What is the message of the passage?A. Desire for money is human nature.B. One has to be decisive during crises.。
2013年英语专四考试真题及答案解析
2013年4月20日英语专业四级TEM4真题及答案(含部分解析)TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS (2013)-GRADE FOUR-TIME LIMIT: 135 MINPART I DICTATION [15 MIN]Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be done at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be done at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work. You will then be given 2 minutes to check through your work once more.Please write the whole passage on ANSWER SHEET ONE.PART II LISTENING COMPREHENSION [20 MIN]In Sections A B and C you will hear everything ONCE ONL Y. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Mark the best answer to each question on Answer Sheet Two.SECTION A CONVERSATIONSIn this section you will hear several conversations. Listen to the conversations carefully and then answer the questions that follow.Questions 1 to 3 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the conversation.1. Accordi ng to the conversation, an example of “Christmas trimmings” could be _______.A. presentsB. fruitsC. sauceD. meat.2. A Christmas lunch would include all the following EXCEPT _______.A. roast turkeyB. sweet potatoesC. meatD. carrots.3. Why did Helen come to Rob?s house?A. She wanted to talk to Rob.B. She had come to help Rob.C. She had been invited to lunch.D. She was interested in cooking.Questions 4 to 7 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the conversation.4. Why did the woman phone the club?A. She wanted to know more about it.B. She was a new comer and felt lonely.C. She wanted to learn a new language.D. She was interested in social activities.5. We learn from the conversation that the club _______.A. mainly organizes language activitiesB. accepts members from local studentsC. has been set up for a long timeD. is increasing its membership6. According to the conversation, the woman might come to practice German on _______.A. WednesdayB. TuesdayC. MondayD. Friday7. What is the man going to do after the conversation?A. Call up the woman for her address.B. Wait for the woman to call him again.C. Mail the woman some information.D. Wait for the woman to pick up a form.Questions 8 to 10 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now listen to the conversation.8. According to the woman, what actually makes her job difficult?A. Difficult questions from interviewees.B. Embarrassing requests from interviewees.C. Lack of professional background.D. Lack of interviewing skills.9. The woman uses all the following adjectives when talking about attending job fairs EXCEPT _______.A. prospectiveB. usefulC. importantD. tiring10. We learn from the conversation that the woman _______.A. works better at job fairsB. prefers honest peopleC. often works on her ownD. is experienced in her work.SECTION B PASSAGESIn this section, you will hear several passages. Listen to the passages carefully and then answer the questions that follow.Questions 11 to 13 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the passage.11. According to today's weather forecast, which part of Europe has dry weather?A. Scandinavian mountains.B. Northwestern Europe.C. Northern Europe.D. Southern Europe.12. In which part of Europe does the weather stay both fine and cool?A. Southern Europe.B. Northern Europe.C. Eastern Europe.D. Northwestern Europe.13. In which region will the weather change tomorrow?A. Northern parts of the Mediterranean.B. Eastern parts of the Mediterranean.C. Central parts of the Mediterranean.D. Southern parts of the Mediterranean.Questions 14 to 17 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the passage.14. According to the passage, what benefit can technology bring to people?A. Closer contact with modern devices.B. Greater changes in social organization.C. Better understanding of mass media.D. More useful information to better their life.15. The speaker questions about everybody?s access to technological advances. The main reason is _______.A. illiteracyB. povertyC. food shortageD. ignorance16. According to the UN plan, all the following will be achieved within ten years EXCEPT _______.A. giving everyone a radio or TVB. starting to carry out the scheme in ten yearsC. offering internet service to more peopleD. providing more job opportunities17. What could be the topic of the passage?A. Growth in telecommunications.B. Technology and the developing world.C. Education and medical care.D. Building an information society.Questions 18 to 20 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the passage.18. People in Latin America wear something _______ to express their hopes for wealth in the New Year.A. newB. redC. whiteD. yellow19. Which of the following New Year?s traditions signals friendship?A. Throwing old dishes.B. Wearing something red.C. Wearing something white.D. Eating round fruits.20. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as one's own New Year?s tradition?A. Watching TV at home.B. Going to bed early.C. Visiting friends.D. Running and shouting outside.SECTION C NEWS BROADCASTIn this section, you will hear several news items. Listen to them carefully and then answer the questions that follow.Questions 21 and 22 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now. listen to the news.21. What is happening to the schools in Fairfax County this school year?A. 15 schools have started social studies.B. 15 schools have used digital textbooks.C. Students are ready to use electronic resources.D. Digital textbooks are used for social studies.22. With digital textbooks, schools have saved about _______ million dollars.A. 1B. 2C. 3D. 4Questions 23 and 24 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the news.23. Who found the suspicious item at the airport?A. TSA agents.B. FBI agents.C. The police.D. Passengers.24. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?A. The terminal was closed temporarily afterwards.B. There was a thorough search inside the airport.C. Passengers at the airport were safe and sound.D. The security authorities identified the explosives.Questions 25 and 26 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the news.25. According to the news item, doctors use art therapy to treat the following problems EXCEPT _______.A. alcohol abuseB. smokingC. depressionD. schizophrenia26. Why did doctors introduce art therapy in the first place?A. To prevent patients from smoking.B. To better understand patients.C. To get patients occupied.D. To teach patients some skills.Questions 27 and 28 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the news.27. What is the main purpose of the new rules?A. To reduce the number of pilots on duty.B. To prevent pilots from working overtime.C. To ensure an adequate amount of sleep.D. To fix the amount of work for each pilot.28. The Independent Pilots Association was unhappy about the new rules because they _______.A. had only covered cargo plane pilotsB. had failed to cover all the pilotsC. would be put into effect in two yearsD. would be too costly if implementedQuestions 29 and 30 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the news.29. Why is increase in livestock production necessary?A. Because livestock production is highly efficient.B. Because more people will become wealthier.C. Because it may help double food production.D. Because it has fewer ecological risks.30. What does the word “challenge” mean in the news item?A. Balance between human survival and ecology.B. Conflict between less land and more production.C. Difference between present and future needs.D. Calls by environmental critics to consume less meat.PART III CLOZE [15 MIN]Decide which of the choices given below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks. Mark the best choice for each blank on ANSWER SHEET TWO.Everyone knows that taxation is necessary in a modern state: Without it, it (31)____ not be possible to pay the soldiers and policemen who protect us; (32)____ the workers in government offices who (33)____ our health, our food, our water, and all the other things that we cannot do for ourselves; nor the ministers and members of parliament(国会) who govern the country for us.(34)____ taxation, we pay for things that we need just (35)____ we need somewhere to live and something to eat. But (36)____ everyone knows that taxation is necessary, different people have different ideas about (37)____ taxation should be arranged. Should each person have to pay a certain amount of money to the government each year? Or should there be tax on things that people buy and sell? If the first kind of taxation is used, should everyone pay the same tax, whether he is rich or poor? If the second kind of tax is preferred, should everything be taxed equally? In most countries, a direct tax on (38)____, which is called income tax, (39)____. It is arranged in such a (40)____ that the poorest people pay nothing, and the percentage of tax grows(41)____ as the taxpayer?s income grows. In England, for example, the tax on the richest people(42)____ as high as ninety-five percent! (43)____ countries with direct taxation nearly (44)____ have indirect taxation too. Many things imported into the country have to pay taxes or “duties”. Of course, it is the men and women who buy these imported things in the shops (45)____ really have to pay the duties, in the (46)____ of higher prices. In some countries, (47)____, there is a tax on things sold in the shops. If the most necessary things are taxed, a lot of money is (48)____, but the poor people suffer most. If unnecessary things (49)____ jewels and fur coats are taxed, less money is got but the tax is (50)____, as the rich pay it.31. A. can B. may C. could D. would32. A. nor B. neither C. never D. not33. A. look into B. look over C. look after D. look through34. A. In accordance to B. By means of C. With reference to D. On account of35. A. as well as B. as good as C. as such as D. as much as36. A. if B. when C. though D. as37. A. when B. how C. why D. which38. A. persons B. sectors C. communities D. classes39. A. remains B. stays C. exists D. happens40. A. form B. way C. measure D. method41. A. quicker B. speedier C. more D. larger42. A. grows up B. increases up C. goes up D. lifts up43. A. But B. Consequently C. Similarly D. And44. A. periodically B. almost C. often D. always45. A. which B. who C. what D. whom46. A. manner B. form C. means D. why47. A. either B. also C. too D. often48. A. lent B. saved C. borrowed D. collected49. A. alike B. like C. as D. for50. A. heavier B. fairer C. finer D. betterPART IV GRAMMAR & VOCABULARY [15 MIN]There are thirty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO.51. Facing the board of directors, he didn't deny ______ breaking the agreement.A. himB. itC. hisD. its52. Xinchun returned from abroad a different man. The italicized part functions as a(n) ______.A. appositive(同位语)B. objectC. adverbialD. complement.53. Which of the following is a compound word (复合词)A. NonsmokerB. DeadlineC. MeannessD. Misfit54. Which of the following sentences contains subjunctive mood?A. Lucy insisted that her son get home before 5 o?clock?B. She used to drive to work, but now she takes the city metro.C. Walk straight ahead, and don't turn till the second traffic lights.D. Paul will cancel his flight if he cannot get his visa by Friday.55. The following determiners(限定词) can be used with both plural and uncountable nouns EXCEPT ______.A. moreB. enoughC. manyD. such56. Which of the italicized parts indicates CONTRAST?A. She opened the door and quietly went in.B. Victoria likes music and Sam is fond of sports.C. Think it over again and you'll get an answer.D. He is somewhat arrogant, and I don?t like this.57. Which of the following CANNOT be used as a nominal substitute(名词替代词)A. MuchB. NeitherC. OneD. Quarter58. All the following sentences definitely indicate future time EXCEPT ______.A. Mother is to have tea with Aunt Betty at four.B. The President is coming to the UN next week,C. The school pupils will be home by now.D. He is going to email me the necessary information.59. Which of the following sentences is grammatically INCORRECT?A. Politics are the art or science of government.B. Ten miles seems like a long walk to me.C. Mumps is a kind of infectious disease.D. All the furniture has arrived undamaged.60. Which of in the following phrases indicates a subject-predicate relationship?A. The arrival of the touristsB. The law of NewtonC. The occupation of the islandD. The plays of Oscar Wilde61. Which of the following italicized parts serves as an appositive?A. He is not the man to draw back.B. Tony hit back the urge to tell a lie.C. Larry has a large family to support.D. There is really nothing to fear.62. Which of the following is NOT an imperative sentence?A. Let me drive you home, shall I?B. You will mind your own business.C. Come and have dinner with us.D. I wish you could stay behind.63. If it ______ tomorrow, the match would be put off.A. were to rainB. was to rainC. was rainingD. had rained64. Which of the following sentences expresses a fact?A. Mary and her son must be home by now.B. Careless reading must give poor results.C. It's getting late, and I must leave now.D. He must be working late at the office.65. The following are all dynamic verbs(动态动词) EXCEPT ______.A. remainB. turnC. writeD. knock66. ______ to school life was less difficult than the pupil had expected.A. AdheringB. AdoptingC. AdjustingD. Acquainting67. He is fed up with the same old dreary routine, and wants to quit his job. The underlined part means ______.A. dullB. boringC. longD. hard68. At last night's party Larry said something that I thought was beyond me. The underlined part means ______.A. I was unable to doB. I couldn't understandC. I was unable to stopD. I couldn't tolerate69. The couple ______ their old house and sold it for a vast profit.A. did forB. did inC. did withD. did up70. Sally contributed a lot to the project, but she never once accepted all the ______ for herself.A. creditB. attentionC. focusD. award71. The child nodded, apparently content with his mother's promise. The underlined part means ______.A. as far as one has learntB. as far as one is concernedC. as far as one can seeD. as far as one is told72. The ______ that sport builds character is well accepted by people nowadays.A. issueB. argumentC. pointD. sentence73. Everyone in the office knows that Melinda takes infinite care over her work. The underlined part means ______.A. limitedB. unnecessaryC. overdueD. much74. The new measure will reduce the chance of serious injury in the event of an accident. The underlined part means ______.A. if an accident happensB. if an accident can be preventedC. before an accidentD. during an accident75. Traditionally, local midwives would ______ all the babies in the area.A. handleB. produceC. deliverD. help76. No food or drink is allowed on the premises. The underlined part means ______.A. propositionB. advertisementC. buildingD. string77. The court would not accept his appeal unless ______ evidence is provided.A. conclusiveB. definiteC. eventualD. concluding78. As soon as he opened the door, a ______ of cold air swept through the house.A. flowB. movementC. rushD. blast79. She really wanted to say something at the meeting, but eventually ______ from it.A. preventedB. refrainedC. limitedD. restricted80. The couple told the decorator that they wanted their bedroom gaily painted. The underlined part means ______.A. brightlyB. light-heartedlyC. cheerfullyD. lightlyPART V READING COMPREHENSION [25 MIN]In this section there are four passages followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer.Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO.TEXT ASaying “thank you” is probably the first thing most of us learn to do in a foreign language. After all, we're brought up to be polite, and it is important to make a good impression upon other people —especially across national divides. The art of public speaking began in ancient Greece over 2,000 years ago. Now, twitter, instant messaging, e-mail, blogs and chat forums offer rival approaches to communication - but none can replace the role of a great speech. The spoken word can handle various vital functions: persuading or inspiring, informing, paying tribute, entertaining, or simply introducing someone or something or accepting something. Over the past year, the human voice has helped guide us over the ups and downs of what was certainly a stormy time. Persuasion is used in dealing with or reconciling different points of view. When the leaders met in Copenhagen in 5 December 2009, persuasive words from activists encouraged them to commit themselves to firmer action. Inspirational speeches confront the emotions. They focus on topics and matters that are close to people's hearts. During wars, generals used inspiring speeches to prepare the troops for battle. A speech that conveys knowledge and enhances understanding can inform us. The information must be clear, accurate, and expressed in a meaningful and interesting way. When the H1N1 pandemic 流行病 was announced, the idea of “swine flu” 猪流感scared many people. Informative speeches from World Health Organization officials helped people to keep their panic under control so they could take sensible precautions. Sad events are never easy to deal with but a speech that pays tribute to the loss of a loved one and gives praise for their contribution can be comforting. Madonna's speech about Michael Jackson, after his death, highlighted the fact that he will continue to live on through his music. It's not only in world forums where public speaking plays an important role. It can also be surprisingly helpful in the course of our own lives. If you?re taking part in a debate you need to persuade the listeners of the soundness of your argument. In sports, athletes know the importance of a pep talk 鼓舞士气的讲话 before a match to inspire teammates. You yourself may be asked to do a presentation at college or work to inform the others about an area of vital importance. On a more personal level, a friend may be upset and need comforting. Or you might be asked to introduce a speaker at a family event or to speak at a wedding, where your language will be needed to move people or make them laugh. Great speaking ability is not something we're born with. Even Barack Obama works hard to perfect every speech. For a brilliant speech, there are rules that you can put to good use. To learn those rules you have to practice and learn from some outstanding speeches in the past.81. The author thinks the spoken word is still irreplaceable because _____.A. it has always been used to inspire or persuade people.B. it has a big role to play in the entertainment business.C. it plays important roles in human communication.D. it is of great use in everyday-life context.82. Which of the following statements is IN CORRECT about the role of public speaking?A. Speeches at world forums can lead to effective solutions to world problems.B. Speeches from medical authorities can calm people down in times of pandemics.C. The morale of soldiers before a battle can be boosted by senior officers' speeches.D. Speeches paying tribute to the dead can comfort the mourners.83.Public speaking can play all the following roles EXCEPT _____.A. to convince people in a debate.B. to inform people at a presentation.C. to advise people at work.D. to entertain people at a wedding.84. According to the passage, which of the following best explains the author's view on “great speaking ability”?A. It comes from observing rules.B. It can be perfected with easy effort.C. It can be acquired from birth.D. It comes from learning and practice.85. What is the main idea of the passage?A. Public speaking in international forums.B. The many uses of public speaking.C. Public speaking in daily life context.D. The rules of public speaking.TEXT BEvery business needs two things, says Skull candy CEO Rick Alden: inspiration and desperation. In 2001, Alden had both. He'd sold two snowboarding businesses, and he was desperately bored. But he had an idea: He wanted to make a new kind of headphone. “I kept seeing people missing their cell phone calls because they were listening to music,” he explains. Then I'm in a chairlift 索道 , I've got my headphones on, and I realize my phone is ringing. As 1 take my gloves off and reach for my phone, I think, “It can't be that tough to make headphones with two plugs, one for music and one for your cell phone.” Alden described what he wanted to a designer, perfected a prototype, and outsourced 外包 manufacturing overseas. Alden then started designing headphones into helmets, backpacks - anywhere that would make it easy to listen to music while snowboarding. “Selling into board and skate shops wasn't a big research effort,” he explains. “Those were the only guys I knew!” Alden didn't want to be a manufacturer. And by outsourcing, he'd hoped he could get the business off the ground without debt. But he was wrong. So he asked his wife, “Can I put a m ortgage 抵押贷款 on the house? She said, ?What is the worst thing that can happen? We lose the house, we sell our cars, and we start all over again.? I definitely married the right woman!” For the next two years, Alden juggled mortgage payments and payments t o his manufacturers. “Factories won't ship your product till they get paid,” he says. “But it takes four or five months to get a mortgage company so upset that they knock on your door. So we paid the factory first.” Gradually, non-snowboarders began to notice the colorful headphones. In 2006, the company started selling them in 1,400 FYE (For Your Entertainment) stores. “We knew that nine out often people walking into that store would be learning about Skullcandy for the first time. Why would they look at brands they knew and take home a new brand instead? We had agreed to buy back anything we didn't sell, but we were dealing with huge numbers. It'd kill us to take back all the products.” Alden's fears faded as Skullcandy became the No. 1 headphone seller in those stores and tripled its revenue to $120 million in one year . His key insight was that headphones weren't gadgets; they were a fashion accessory. “In the beginning,” he says, “that little white wire that said you had an iPod—that was cool. But now wearing the white bud means you're just like everyone else. Headphones occupy this critical piece of cranial realestate and are highly visible.” Today, Skullcandy is America's second-largest headphone supplier, after Sony. With 79 employees, the company is bigger than Alden ever imagined.86. Alden came up with the idea of a new kind of headphone because he _____.A. was no longer in snowboarding businessB. had no other business opportunitiesC. was very fond of modern musicD. saw an inconvenience among mobile users87. The new headphone was originally designed for _____.A. snowboardersB. motorcyclistsC. mountain hikersD. marathon runners88. Did Alden solve the money problem?A. He sold his house and his cars.B. Factories could ship products before being paid.C. He borrowed money from a mortgage company.D. He borrowed money from his wife's family.89. What did Alden do to promote sales in FYE stores?A. He spent more money on product advertising.B. He promised to buy back products not sold.C. He agreed to sell products at a discount.D. He improved the colour design of the product.90. Alden sees headphones as _____.A. a sign of self-confidenceB. a symbol of statusC. part of fashionD. a kind of deviceTEXT C“I'm a little worried about my future,” said Dustin Hoffman in The Graduate. He should be so lucky. All he had to worry about was whether to have an affair with Mrs Robinson. In the sixties, that was the sum total of post-graduation anxiety syndrome. I was standing in my kitchen wondering what to have for lunch when my friend Taj called. “Sit down,” she said. I thought she was going to tell me she had just gotten the haircut from hell. I laughed and said, “It can't be that bad.” But it was. Before the phone call, I had 30 years of retirement saving in a “safe” fund with a brilliant financial guru 金融大亨 .When I put down the phone, my savings were gone. I felt as if I had died and, for some unknown reason, was still breathing. Since Bernie Madoff?s arrest on charges of running a $65 million Ponzi scheme, I've read many articles about how we investors should have known what was going on. I wish I could say I had reservations about Madoff before “the Call”, but I did not. On New Year's Eve, three weeks after we lost our savings, six of us Madoff people gathered at Taj's house for dinner. As we were sitting around the table, someone asked, “If you could have your money back right now, but it would mean giving up what you have learned by losing it, would you take the money or would you take what losing the money has given you?” My husband was still in financial shock. He said, “I just want the money back.” I wasn't certain where I stood. I knew that losing our mon ey had cracked me wide open. I?d been walking around like what the Buddhists call a hungry ghost: always focused on the bite that was yet to come, not the one in my mouth. No matter how much I ate or had or experienced, it didn't satisfy me, because I wasn't really taking it in, wasn't absorbing it. Now I was forced to pay attention. Still, I couldn't honestly say that if someone had offered me the money back, I would turn it down. But the other four all said that what they were seeing about themselves was incalculable, and they didn't think it would have become apparent without the。
2013年英语专四考试真题及答案解析
2013年4月20日英语专业四级TEM4真题及答案(含部分解析)TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS (2013)-GRADE FOUR-TIME LIMIT: 135 MINPART I DICTATION [15 MIN]Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be done at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be done at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work. You will then be given 2 minutes to check through your work once more.Please write the whole passage on ANSWER SHEET ONE.PART II LISTENING COMPREHENSION [20 MIN]In Sections A B and C you will hear everything ONCE ONL Y. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Mark the best answer to each question on Answer Sheet Two.SECTION A CONVERSATIONSIn this section you will hear several conversations. Listen to the conversations carefully and then answer the questions that follow.Questions 1 to 3 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the conversation.1. Accordi ng to the conversation, an example of “Christmas trimmings” could be _______.A. presentsB. fruitsC. sauceD. meat.2. A Christmas lunch would include all the following EXCEPT _______.A. roast turkeyB. sweet potatoesC. meatD. carrots.3. Why did Helen come to Rob?s house?A. She wanted to talk to Rob.B. She had come to help Rob.C. She had been invited to lunch.D. She was interested in cooking.Questions 4 to 7 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the conversation.4. Why did the woman phone the club?A. She wanted to know more about it.B. She was a new comer and felt lonely.C. She wanted to learn a new language.D. She was interested in social activities.5. We learn from the conversation that the club _______.A. mainly organizes language activitiesB. accepts members from local studentsC. has been set up for a long timeD. is increasing its membership6. According to the conversation, the woman might come to practice German on _______.A. WednesdayB. TuesdayC. MondayD. Friday7. What is the man going to do after the conversation?A. Call up the woman for her address.B. Wait for the woman to call him again.C. Mail the woman some information.D. Wait for the woman to pick up a form.Questions 8 to 10 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now listen to the conversation.8. According to the woman, what actually makes her job difficult?A. Difficult questions from interviewees.B. Embarrassing requests from interviewees.C. Lack of professional background.D. Lack of interviewing skills.9. The woman uses all the following adjectives when talking about attending job fairs EXCEPT _______.A. prospectiveB. usefulC. importantD. tiring10. We learn from the conversation that the woman _______.A. works better at job fairsB. prefers honest peopleC. often works on her ownD. is experienced in her work.SECTION B PASSAGESIn this section, you will hear several passages. Listen to the passages carefully and then answer the questions that follow.Questions 11 to 13 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the passage.11. According to today's weather forecast, which part of Europe has dry weather?A. Scandinavian mountains.B. Northwestern Europe.C. Northern Europe.D. Southern Europe.12. In which part of Europe does the weather stay both fine and cool?A. Southern Europe.B. Northern Europe.C. Eastern Europe.D. Northwestern Europe.13. In which region will the weather change tomorrow?A. Northern parts of the Mediterranean.B. Eastern parts of the Mediterranean.C. Central parts of the Mediterranean.D. Southern parts of the Mediterranean.Questions 14 to 17 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the passage.14. According to the passage, what benefit can technology bring to people?A. Closer contact with modern devices.B. Greater changes in social organization.C. Better understanding of mass media.D. More useful information to better their life.15. The speaker questions about everybody?s access to technological advances. The main reason is _______.A. illiteracyB. povertyC. food shortageD. ignorance16. According to the UN plan, all the following will be achieved within ten years EXCEPT _______.A. giving everyone a radio or TVB. starting to carry out the scheme in ten yearsC. offering internet service to more peopleD. providing more job opportunities17. What could be the topic of the passage?A. Growth in telecommunications.B. Technology and the developing world.C. Education and medical care.D. Building an information society.Questions 18 to 20 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the passage.18. People in Latin America wear something _______ to express their hopes for wealth in the New Year.A. newB. redC. whiteD. yellow19. Which of the following New Year?s traditions signals friendship?A. Throwing old dishes.B. Wearing something red.C. Wearing something white.D. Eating round fruits.20. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as one's own New Year?s tradition?A. Watching TV at home.B. Going to bed early.C. Visiting friends.D. Running and shouting outside.SECTION C NEWS BROADCASTIn this section, you will hear several news items. Listen to them carefully and then answer the questions that follow.Questions 21 and 22 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now. listen to the news.21. What is happening to the schools in Fairfax County this school year?A. 15 schools have started social studies.B. 15 schools have used digital textbooks.C. Students are ready to use electronic resources.D. Digital textbooks are used for social studies.22. With digital textbooks, schools have saved about _______ million dollars.A. 1B. 2C. 3D. 4Questions 23 and 24 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the news.23. Who found the suspicious item at the airport?A. TSA agents.B. FBI agents.C. The police.D. Passengers.24. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?A. The terminal was closed temporarily afterwards.B. There was a thorough search inside the airport.C. Passengers at the airport were safe and sound.D. The security authorities identified the explosives.Questions 25 and 26 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the news.25. According to the news item, doctors use art therapy to treat the following problems EXCEPT _______.A. alcohol abuseB. smokingC. depressionD. schizophrenia26. Why did doctors introduce art therapy in the first place?A. To prevent patients from smoking.B. To better understand patients.C. To get patients occupied.D. To teach patients some skills.Questions 27 and 28 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the news.27. What is the main purpose of the new rules?A. To reduce the number of pilots on duty.B. To prevent pilots from working overtime.C. To ensure an adequate amount of sleep.D. To fix the amount of work for each pilot.28. The Independent Pilots Association was unhappy about the new rules because they _______.A. had only covered cargo plane pilotsB. had failed to cover all the pilotsC. would be put into effect in two yearsD. would be too costly if implementedQuestions 29 and 30 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the news.29. Why is increase in livestock production necessary?A. Because livestock production is highly efficient.B. Because more people will become wealthier.C. Because it may help double food production.D. Because it has fewer ecological risks.30. What does the word “challenge” mean in the news item?A. Balance between human survival and ecology.B. Conflict between less land and more production.C. Difference between present and future needs.D. Calls by environmental critics to consume less meat.PART III CLOZE [15 MIN]Decide which of the choices given below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks. Mark the best choice for each blank on ANSWER SHEET TWO.Everyone knows that taxation is necessary in a modern state: Without it, it (31)____ not be possible to pay the soldiers and policemen who protect us; (32)____ the workers in government offices who (33)____ our health, our food, our water, and all the other things that we cannot do for ourselves; nor the ministers and members of parliament(国会) who govern the country for us.(34)____ taxation, we pay for things that we need just (35)____ we need somewhere to live and something to eat. But (36)____ everyone knows that taxation is necessary, different people have different ideas about (37)____ taxation should be arranged. Should each person have to pay a certain amount of money to the government each year? Or should there be tax on things that people buy and sell? If the first kind of taxation is used, should everyone pay the same tax, whether he is rich or poor? If the second kind of tax is preferred, should everything be taxed equally? In most countries, a direct tax on (38)____, which is called income tax, (39)____. It is arranged in such a (40)____ that the poorest people pay nothing, and the percentage of tax grows(41)____ as the taxpayer?s income grows. In England, for example, the tax on the richest people(42)____ as high as ninety-five percent! (43)____ countries with direct taxation nearly (44)____ have indirect taxation too. Many things imported into the country have to pay taxes or “duties”. Of course, it is the men and women who buy these imported things in the shops (45)____ really have to pay the duties, in the (46)____ of higher prices. In some countries, (47)____, there is a tax on things sold in the shops. If the most necessary things are taxed, a lot of money is (48)____, but the poor people suffer most. If unnecessary things (49)____ jewels and fur coats are taxed, less money is got but the tax is (50)____, as the rich pay it.31. A. can B. may C. could D. would32. A. nor B. neither C. never D. not33. A. look into B. look over C. look after D. look through34. A. In accordance to B. By means of C. With reference to D. On account of35. A. as well as B. as good as C. as such as D. as much as36. A. if B. when C. though D. as37. A. when B. how C. why D. which38. A. persons B. sectors C. communities D. classes39. A. remains B. stays C. exists D. happens40. A. form B. way C. measure D. method41. A. quicker B. speedier C. more D. larger42. A. grows up B. increases up C. goes up D. lifts up43. A. But B. Consequently C. Similarly D. And44. A. periodically B. almost C. often D. always45. A. which B. who C. what D. whom46. A. manner B. form C. means D. why47. A. either B. also C. too D. often48. A. lent B. saved C. borrowed D. collected49. A. alike B. like C. as D. for50. A. heavier B. fairer C. finer D. betterPART IV GRAMMAR & VOCABULARY [15 MIN]There are thirty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO.51. Facing the board of directors, he didn't deny ______ breaking the agreement.A. himB. itC. hisD. its52. Xinchun returned from abroad a different man. The italicized part functions as a(n) ______.A. appositive(同位语)B. objectC. adverbialD. complement.53. Which of the following is a compound word (复合词)A. NonsmokerB. DeadlineC. MeannessD. Misfit54. Which of the following sentences contains subjunctive mood?A. Lucy insisted that her son get home before 5 o?clock?B. She used to drive to work, but now she takes the city metro.C. Walk straight ahead, and don't turn till the second traffic lights.D. Paul will cancel his flight if he cannot get his visa by Friday.55. The following determiners(限定词) can be used with both plural and uncountable nouns EXCEPT ______.A. moreB. enoughC. manyD. such56. Which of the italicized parts indicates CONTRAST?A. She opened the door and quietly went in.B. Victoria likes music and Sam is fond of sports.C. Think it over again and you'll get an answer.D. He is somewhat arrogant, and I don?t like this.57. Which of the following CANNOT be used as a nominal substitute(名词替代词)A. MuchB. NeitherC. OneD. Quarter58. All the following sentences definitely indicate future time EXCEPT ______.A. Mother is to have tea with Aunt Betty at four.B. The President is coming to the UN next week,C. The school pupils will be home by now.D. He is going to email me the necessary information.59. Which of the following sentences is grammatically INCORRECT?A. Politics are the art or science of government.B. Ten miles seems like a long walk to me.C. Mumps is a kind of infectious disease.D. All the furniture has arrived undamaged.60. Which of in the following phrases indicates a subject-predicate relationship?A. The arrival of the touristsB. The law of NewtonC. The occupation of the islandD. The plays of Oscar Wilde61. Which of the following italicized parts serves as an appositive?A. He is not the man to draw back.B. Tony hit back the urge to tell a lie.C. Larry has a large family to support.D. There is really nothing to fear.62. Which of the following is NOT an imperative sentence?A. Let me drive you home, shall I?B. You will mind your own business.C. Come and have dinner with us.D. I wish you could stay behind.63. If it ______ tomorrow, the match would be put off.A. were to rainB. was to rainC. was rainingD. had rained64. Which of the following sentences expresses a fact?A. Mary and her son must be home by now.B. Careless reading must give poor results.C. It's getting late, and I must leave now.D. He must be working late at the office.65. The following are all dynamic verbs(动态动词) EXCEPT ______.A. remainB. turnC. writeD. knock66. ______ to school life was less difficult than the pupil had expected.A. AdheringB. AdoptingC. AdjustingD. Acquainting67. He is fed up with the same old dreary routine, and wants to quit his job. The underlined part means ______.A. dullB. boringC. longD. hard68. At last night's party Larry said something that I thought was beyond me. The underlined part means ______.A. I was unable to doB. I couldn't understandC. I was unable to stopD. I couldn't tolerate69. The couple ______ their old house and sold it for a vast profit.A. did forB. did inC. did withD. did up70. Sally contributed a lot to the project, but she never once accepted all the ______ for herself.A. creditB. attentionC. focusD. award71. The child nodded, apparently content with his mother's promise. The underlined part means ______.A. as far as one has learntB. as far as one is concernedC. as far as one can seeD. as far as one is told72. The ______ that sport builds character is well accepted by people nowadays.A. issueB. argumentC. pointD. sentence73. Everyone in the office knows that Melinda takes infinite care over her work. The underlined part means ______.A. limitedB. unnecessaryC. overdueD. much74. The new measure will reduce the chance of serious injury in the event of an accident. The underlined part means ______.A. if an accident happensB. if an accident can be preventedC. before an accidentD. during an accident75. Traditionally, local midwives would ______ all the babies in the area.A. handleB. produceC. deliverD. help76. No food or drink is allowed on the premises. The underlined part means ______.A. propositionB. advertisementC. buildingD. string77. The court would not accept his appeal unless ______ evidence is provided.A. conclusiveB. definiteC. eventualD. concluding78. As soon as he opened the door, a ______ of cold air swept through the house.A. flowB. movementC. rushD. blast79. She really wanted to say something at the meeting, but eventually ______ from it.A. preventedB. refrainedC. limitedD. restricted80. The couple told the decorator that they wanted their bedroom gaily painted. The underlined part means ______.A. brightlyB. light-heartedlyC. cheerfullyD. lightlyPART V READING COMPREHENSION [25 MIN]In this section there are four passages followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer.Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO.TEXT ASaying “thank you” is probably the first thing most of us learn to do in a foreign language. After all, we're brought up to be polite, and it is important to make a good impression upon other people —especially across national divides. The art of public speaking began in ancient Greece over 2,000 years ago. Now, twitter, instant messaging, e-mail, blogs and chat forums offer rival approaches to communication - but none can replace the role of a great speech. The spoken word can handle various vital functions: persuading or inspiring, informing, paying tribute, entertaining, or simply introducing someone or something or accepting something. Over the past year, the human voice has helped guide us over the ups and downs of what was certainly a stormy time. Persuasion is used in dealing with or reconciling different points of view. When the leaders met in Copenhagen in 5 December 2009, persuasive words from activists encouraged them to commit themselves to firmer action. Inspirational speeches confront the emotions. They focus on topics and matters that are close to people's hearts. During wars, generals used inspiring speeches to prepare the troops for battle. A speech that conveys knowledge and enhances understanding can inform us. The information must be clear, accurate, and expressed in a meaningful and interesting way. When the H1N1 pandemic流行病was announced, the idea of “swine flu”猪流感scared many people. Informative speeches from World Health Organization officials helped people to keep their panic under control so they could take sensible precautions. Sad events are never easy to deal with but a speech that pays tribute to the loss of a loved one and gives praise for their contribution can be comforting. Madonna's speech about Michael Jackson, after his death, highlighted the fact that he will continue to live on through his music. It's not only in world forums where public speaking plays an important role. It can also be surprisingly helpful in the course of our own lives. If you?re taking part in a debate you need to persuade the listeners of the soundness of your argument. In sports, athletes know the importance of a pep talk鼓舞士气的讲话before a match to inspire teammates. You yourself may be asked to do a presentation at college or work to inform the others about an area of vital importance. On a more personal level, a friend may be upset and need comforting. Or you might be asked to introduce a speaker at a family event or to speak at a wedding, where your language will be needed to move people or make them laugh. Great speaking ability is not something we're born with. Even Barack Obama works hard to perfect every speech. For a brilliant speech, there are rules that you can put to good use. To learn those rules you have to practice and learn from some outstanding speeches in the past.81. The author thinks the spoken word is still irreplaceable because _____.A. it has always been used to inspire or persuade people.B. it has a big role to play in the entertainment business.C. it plays important roles in human communication.D. it is of great use in everyday-life context.82. Which of the following statements is IN CORRECT about the role of public speaking?A. Speeches at world forums can lead to effective solutions to world problems.B. Speeches from medical authorities can calm people down in times of pandemics.C. The morale of soldiers before a battle can be boosted by senior officers' speeches.D. Speeches paying tribute to the dead can comfort the mourners.83.Public speaking can play all the following roles EXCEPT _____.A. to convince people in a debate.B. to inform people at a presentation.C. to advise people at work.D. to entertain people at a wedding.84. According to the passage, which of the following best explains the author's view on “great speaking ability”?A. It comes from observing rules.B. It can be perfected with easy effort.C. It can be acquired from birth.D. It comes from learning and practice.85. What is the main idea of the passage?A. Public speaking in international forums.B. The many uses of public speaking.C. Public speaking in daily life context.D. The rules of public speaking.TEXT BEvery business needs two things, says Skull candy CEO Rick Alden: inspiration and desperation. In 2001, Alden had both. He'd sold two snowboarding businesses, and he was desperately bored. But he had an idea: He wanted to make a new kind of headphone. “I kept seeing people missing their cell phone calls because they were listening to music,” he explains. Then I'm in a chairlift索道, I've got my headphones on, and I realize my phone is ringing. As 1 take my gloves off and reach for my phone, I think, “It can't be that tough to make headphones with two plugs, one for music and one for your cell phone.” Alden described what he wanted to a designer, perfected a prototype, and outsourced外包manufacturing overseas. Alden then started designing headphones into helmets, backpacks - anywhere that would make it easy to listen to music while snowboarding. “Selling into board and skate shops wasn't a big research effort,” he explains. “Those were the only guys I knew!” Alden didn't want to be a manufacturer. And by outsourcing, he'd hoped he could get the business off the ground without debt. But he was wrong. So he asked his wife, “Can I put a m ortgage抵押贷款on the house? She said, ?What is the worst thing that can happen? We lose the house, we sell our cars, and we start all over again.? I definitely married the right woman!” For the next two years, Alden juggled mortgage payments and payments t o his manufacturers. “Factories won't ship your product till they get paid,” he says. “But it takes four or five months to get a mortgage company so upset that they knock on your door. So we paid the factory first.” Gradually, non-snowboarders began to notice the colorful headphones. In 2006, the company started selling them in 1,400 FYE (For Your Entertainment) stores. “We knew that nine out often people walking into that store would be learning about Skullcandy for the first time. Why would they look at brands they knew and take home a new brand instead? We had agreed to buy back anything we didn't sell, but we were dealing with huge numbers. It'd kill us to take back all the products.” Alden's fears faded as Skullcandy became the No. 1 headphone seller in those stores and tripled its revenue to $120 million in one year . His key insight was that headphones weren't gadgets; they were a fashion accessory. “In the beginning,” he says, “that little white wire that said you had an iPod—that was cool. But now wearing the white bud means you're just like everyone else. Headphones occupy this critical piece of cranial realestate and are highly visible.” Today, Skullcandy is America's second-largest headphone supplier, after Sony. With 79 employees, the company is bigger than Alden ever imagined.86. Alden came up with the idea of a new kind of headphone because he _____.A. was no longer in snowboarding businessB. had no other business opportunitiesC. was very fond of modern musicD. saw an inconvenience among mobile users87. The new headphone was originally designed for _____.A. snowboardersB. motorcyclistsC. mountain hikersD. marathon runners88. Did Alden solve the money problem?A. He sold his house and his cars.B. Factories could ship products before being paid.C. He borrowed money from a mortgage company.D. He borrowed money from his wife's family.89. What did Alden do to promote sales in FYE stores?A. He spent more money on product advertising.B. He promised to buy back products not sold.C. He agreed to sell products at a discount.D. He improved the colour design of the product.90. Alden sees headphones as _____.A. a sign of self-confidenceB. a symbol of statusC. part of fashionD. a kind of deviceTEXT C“I'm a little worried about my future,” said Dustin Hoffman in The Graduate. He should be so lucky. All he had to worry about was whether to have an affair with Mrs Robinson. In the sixties, that was the sum total of post-graduation anxiety syndrome. I was standing in my kitchen wondering what to have for lunch when my friend Taj called. “Sit down,” she said. I thought she was going to tell me she had just gotten the haircut from hell. I laughed and said, “It can't be that bad.” But it was. Before the phone call, I had 30 years of retirement saving in a “safe” fund with a brilliant financial guru金融大亨.When I put down the phone, my savings were gone. I felt as if I had died and, for some unknown reason, was still breathing. Since Bernie Madoff?s arrest on charges of running a $65 million Ponzi scheme, I've read many articles about how we investors should have known what was going on. I wish I could say I had reservations about Madoff before “the Call”, but I did not. On New Year's Eve, three weeks after we lost our savings, six of us Madoff people gathered at Taj's house for dinner. As we were sitting around the table, someone asked, “If you could have your money back right now, but it would mean giving up what you have learned by losing it, would you take the money or would you take what losing the money has given you?” My husband was still in financial shock. He said, “I just want the money back.” I wasn't certain where I stood. I knew that losing our mon ey had cracked me wide open. I?d been walking around like what the Buddhists call a hungry ghost: always focused on the bite that was yet to come, not the one in my mouth. No matter how much I ate or had or experienced, it didn't satisfy me, because I wasn't really taking it in, wasn't absorbing it. Now I was forced to pay attention. Still, I couldn't honestly say that if someone had offered me the money back, I would turn it down. But the other four all said that what they were seeing about themselves was incalculable, and they didn't think it would have become apparent without the。
2013年英语专四考试真题及答案解析
2013年4月20日英语专业四级TEM4真题及答案(含部分解析)TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS (2013)-GRADE FOUR-TIME LIMIT: 135 MINPART I DICTATION [15 MIN]Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to youfour times. During the first reading, which will be done at normal speed, listenand try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passagewill be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds.The last reading will be done at normal speed again and during this time you shouldcheck your work. You will then be given 2 minutes to check through your work oncemore.Please write the whole passage on ANSWER SHEET ONE.PART II LISTENING COMPREHENSION [20 MIN]In Sections A B and C you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefullyand then answer the questions that follow. Mark the best answer to each questionon Answer Sheet Two.SECTION A CONVERSATIONSIn this section you will hear several conversations. Listen to the conversationscarefully and then answer the questions that follow.Questions 1 to 3 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listento the conversation.1. Accordi ng to the conversation, an example of “Christmas trimmings” couldbe _______.A. presentsB. fruitsC. sauceD. meat.2. A Christmas lunch would include all the following EXCEPT _______.A. roast turkeyB. sweet potatoesC. meatD. carrots.3. Why did Helen come to Rob?s house?A. She wanted to talk to Rob.B. She had come to helpRob.C. She had been invited to lunch.D. She was interestedin cooking.Questions 4 to 7 are based on the following conversation. At the end of theconversation, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listento the conversation.4. Why did the woman phone the club?A. She wanted to know more about it.B. She was a new comerand felt lonely. C. She wanted to learn a new language. D. She wasinterested in social activities.5. We learn from the conversation that the club _______.A. mainly organizes language activitiesB. accepts members from localstudentsC. has been set up for a long timeD. is increasing its membership6. According to the conversation, the woman might come to practice German on_______.A. WednesdayB. TuesdayC. MondayD.Friday7. What is the man going to do after the conversation?A. Call up the woman for her address.B. Wait for the woman to callhim again.C. Mail the woman some information.D. Wait for the woman to pickup a form.Questions 8 to 10 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now listento the conversation.8. According to the woman, what actually makes her job difficult?A. Difficult questions from interviewees.B. Embarrassing requests from interviewees.C. Lack of professional background.D. Lack of interviewingskills.9. The woman uses all the following adjectives when talking about attendingjob fairs EXCEPT _______.A. prospectiveB. usefulC. importantD. tiring10. We learn from the conversation that the woman _______.A. works better at job fairsB. prefers honest peopleC. often works on her ownD. is experienced in her work.SECTION B PASSAGESIn this section, you will hear several passages. Listen to the passages carefullyand then answer the questions that follow.Questions 11 to 13 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the passage.11. According to today's weather forecast, which part of Europe has dry weather?A. Scandinavian mountains.B. Northwestern Europe.C. Northern Europe.D. Southern Europe.12. In which part of Europe does the weather stay both fine and cool?A. Southern Europe.B. Northern Europe.C. Eastern Europe.D. Northwestern Europe.13. In which region will the weather change tomorrow?A. Northern parts of the Mediterranean.B. Eastern parts of the Mediterranean.C. Central parts of the Mediterranean.D. Southern parts of the Mediterranean.Questions 14 to 17 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the passage.14. According to the passage, what benefit can technology bring to people?A. Closer contact with modern devices.B. Greater changes in social organization.C. Better understanding of mass media.D. More useful information to better their life.15. The speaker questions about everybody?s access to technological advances. The main reason is _______.A. illiteracyB. povertyC. food shortageD. ignorance16. According to the UN plan, all the following will be achieved within ten years EXCEPT _______.A. giving everyone a radio or TVB. starting to carry out the scheme in ten yearsC. offering internet service to more peopleD. providing more job opportunities17. What could be the topic of the passage?A. Growth in telecommunications.B. Technology and thedeveloping world.C. Education and medical care.D. Building an information society.Questions 18 to 20 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the passage.18. People in Latin America wear something _______ to express their hopes for wealth in the New Year.A. newB. redC. whiteD. yellow19. Which of the following New Year?s traditions signals friendship?A. Throwing old dishes.B. Wearing something red.C. Wearing something white.D. Eating round fruits.20. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as one's own New Year?s tradition?A. Watching TV at home.B. Going to bed early.C. Visiting friends.D. Running and shouting outside.SECTION C NEWS BROADCASTIn this section, you will hear several news items. Listen to them carefully and then answer the questions that follow.Questions 21 and 22 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now. listen to the news.21. What is happening to the schools in Fairfax County this school year?A. 15 schools have started social studies.B. 15 schools have used digital textbooks.C. Students are ready to use electronic resources.D. Digital textbooks are used for social studies.22. With digital textbooks, schools have saved about _______ million dollars.A. 1B. 2C. 3D. 4Questions 23 and 24 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the news.23. Who found the suspicious item at the airport?A. TSA agents.B. FBI agents.C. The police.D. Passengers.24. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?A. The terminal was closed temporarily afterwards.B. There was a thorough search inside the airport.C. Passengers at the airport were safe and sound.D. The security authorities identified the explosives.Questions 25 and 26 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the news.25. According to the news item, doctors use art therapy to treat the following problems EXCEPT _______.A. alcohol abuseB. smokingC. depressionD. schizophrenia26. Why did doctors introduce art therapy in the first place?A. To prevent patients from smoking.B. To better understand patients.C. To get patients occupied.D. To teach patients some skills.Questions 27 and 28 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the news.27. What is the main purpose of the new rules?A. To reduce the number of pilots on duty.B. To prevent pilots from working overtime.C. To ensure an adequate amount of sleep.D. To fix the amount of work for each pilot.28. The Independent Pilots Association was unhappy about the new rules because they _______.A. had only covered cargo plane pilotsB. had failed to cover all the pilotsC. would be put into effect in two yearsD. would be too costly if implementedQuestions 29 and 30 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the news.29. Why is increase in livestock production necessary?A. Because livestock production is highly efficient.B. Because more people will become wealthier.C. Because it may help double food production.D. Because it has fewer ecological risks.30. What does the word “challenge” mean in the news item?A. Balance between human survival and ecology.B. Conflict between less land and more production.C. Difference between present and future needs.D. Calls by environmental critics to consume less meat.PART III CLOZE [15 MIN]Decide which of the choices given below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks. Mark the best choice for each blank on ANSWER SHEET TWO.Everyone knows that taxation is necessary in a modern state: Without it, it (31)____ not be possible to pay the soldiers and policemen who protect us; (32)____ the workers in government offices who (33)____ our health, our food, our water, and all the other things that we cannot do for ourselves; nor the ministers and members of parliament(国会) who govern the country for us. (34)____ taxation, we pay for things that we need just (35)____ we need somewhere to live and something to eat. But (36)____ everyone knows that taxation is necessary, different people have different ideas about (37)____ taxation should be arranged. Should each person have to pay a certain amount of money to the government each year? Or should there be tax on things that people buy and sell? If the first kind of taxation is used, should everyone pay the same tax, whether he is rich or poor? If the second kind of tax is preferred, should everything be taxed equally? In most countries, a direct tax on (38)____, which is called income tax, (39)____. It is arranged in such a(40)____ that the poorest people pay nothing, and the percentage of tax grows(41)____ as the taxpayer?s income grows. In England, for example, the tax on the richest people (42)____ as high as ninety-five percent! (43)____ countries with direct taxation nearly (44)____ have indirect taxation too. Many things imported into the country have to pay taxes or “duties”. Of course, it is the men and women who buy these imported things in the shops (45)____ really have to pay the duties, in the (46)____ of higher prices. In some countries, (47)____, there is a tax on things sold in the shops. If the most necessary things are taxed, a lot of money is (48)____, but the poor people suffer most. If unnecessary things (49)____ jewels and fur coats are taxed, less money is got but the tax is (50)____, as the rich pay it.31. A. can B. may C. could D. would32. A. nor B. neither C. never D. not33. A. look into B. look over C. look after D. look through34. A. In accordance to B. By means of C. With reference to D. On account of35. A. as well as B. as good as C. as such as D. as much as36. A. if B. when C. though D. as37. A. when B. how C. why D. which38. A. persons B. sectors C. communities D. classes39. A. remains B. stays C. exists D. happens40. A. form B. way C. measure D. method41. A. quicker B. speedier C. more D. larger42. A. grows up B. increases up C. goes up D. lifts up43. A. But B. Consequently C. Similarly D. And44. A. periodically B. almost C. often D. always45. A. which B. who C. what D. whom46. A. manner B. form C. means D. why47. A. either B. also C. too D. often48. A. lent B. saved C. borrowed D. collected49. A. alike B. like C. as D. for50. A. heavier B. fairer C. finer D. betterPART IV GRAMMAR & VOCABULARY [15 MIN]There are thirty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO.51. Facing the board of directors, he didn't deny ______ breaking the agreement.A. himB. itC. hisD. its52. Xinchun returned from abroad a different man. The italicized part functions as a(n) ______.A. appositive(同位语)B. objectC. adverbialD. complement.53. Which of the following is a compound word (复合词)A. NonsmokerB. DeadlineC. MeannessD. Misfit54. Which of the following sentences contains subjunctive mood?A. Lucy insisted that her son get home before 5 o?clock?B. She used to drive to work, but now she takes the city metro.C. Walk straight ahead, and don't turn till the second traffic lights.D. Paul will cancel his flight if he cannot get his visa by Friday.55. The following determiners(限定词) can be used with both plural and uncountable nouns EXCEPT ______.A. moreB. enoughC. manyD. such56. Which of the italicized parts indicates CONTRAST?A. She opened the door and quietly went in.B. Victoria likes music and Sam is fond of sports.C. Think it over again and you'll get an answer.D. He is somewhat arrogant, and I don?t like this.57. Which of the following CANNOT be used as a nominal substitute(名词替代词)A. MuchB. NeitherC. OneD. Quarter58. All the following sentences definitely indicate future time EXCEPT ______.A. Mother is to have tea with Aunt Betty at four.B. The President is coming to the UN next week,C. The school pupils will be home by now.D. He is going to email me the necessary information.59. Which of the following sentences is grammatically INCORRECT?A. Politics are the art or science of government.B. Ten miles seems like a long walk to me.C. Mumps is a kind of infectious disease.D. All the furniture has arrived undamaged.60. Which of in the following phrases indicates a subject-predicate relationship?A. The arrival of the touristsB. The law of NewtonC. The occupation of the islandD. The plays of Oscar Wilde61. Which of the following italicized parts serves as an appositive?A. He is not the man to draw back.B. Tony hit back the urge to tell a lie.C. Larry has a large family to support.D. There is really nothing to fear.62. Which of the following is NOT an imperative sentence?A. Let me drive you home, shall I?B. You will mind your own business.C. Come and have dinner with us.D. I wish you could stay behind.63. If it ______ tomorrow, the match would be put off.A. were to rainB. was to rainC. was rainingD. had rained64. Which of the following sentences expresses a fact?A. Mary and her son must be home by now.B. Careless reading must givepoor results.C. It's getting late, and I must leave now.D. He must be working lateat the office.65. The following are all dynamic verbs(动态动词) EXCEPT ______.A. remainB. turnC. writeD.knock66. ______ to school life was less difficult than the pupil had expected.A. AdheringB. AdoptingC. AdjustingD. Acquainting67. He is fed up with the same old dreary routine, and wants to quit his job.The underlined part means ______.A. dullB. boringC. longD. hard68. At last night's party Larry said something that I thought was beyond me.The underlined part means ______.A. I was unable to doB. I couldn't understandC. I was unable to stopD. I couldn't tolerate69. The couple ______ their old house and sold it for a vast profit.A. did forB. did inC. did withD.did up70. Sally contributed a lot to the project, but she never once accepted allthe ______ for herself.A. creditB. attentionC. focusD. award71. The child nodded, apparently content with his mother's promise. The underlined part means ______.A. as far as one has learntB. as far as one is concernedC. as far as one can seeD. as far as one is told72. The ______ that sport builds character is well accepted by people nowadays.A. issueB. argumentC. pointD. sentence73. Everyone in the office knows that Melinda takes infinite care over her work. The underlined part means ______.A. limitedB. unnecessaryC. overdueD. much74. The new measure will reduce the chance of serious injury in the event of an accident. The underlined part means ______.A. if an accident happensB. if an accident can be preventedC. before an accidentD. during an accident75. Traditionally, local midwives would ______ all the babies in the area.A. handleB. produceC. deliverD. help76. No food or drink is allowed on the premises. The underlined part means ______.A. propositionB. advertisementC. buildingD. string77. The court would not accept his appeal unless ______ evidence is provided.A. conclusiveB. definiteC. eventualD. concluding78. As soon as he opened the door, a ______ of cold air swept through the house.A. flowB. movementC. rushD. blast79. She really wanted to say something at the meeting, but eventually ______ from it.A. preventedB. refrainedC. limitedD. restricted80. The couple told the decorator that they wanted their bedroom gaily painted. The underlined part means ______.A. brightlyB. light-heartedlyC. cheerfullyD. lightlyPART V READING COMPREHENSION [25 MIN]In this section there are four passages followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO.TEXT ASaying “thank you” is probably the first thing most of us learn to do in a foreign language. After all, we're brought up to be polite, and it is importantto make a good impression upon other people —especially across national divides. The art of public speaking began in ancient Greece over 2,000 years ago. Now, twitter, instant messaging, e-mail, blogs and chat forums offer rival approaches to communication - but none can replace the role of a great speech. The spoken word can handle various vital functions: persuading or inspiring, informing, paying tribute, entertaining, or simply introducing someone or something or accepting something. Over the past year, the human voice has helped guide us over the ups and downs of what was certainly a stormy time. Persuasion is used in dealing with or reconciling different points of view. When the leaders met in Copenhagen in 5 December 2009, persuasive words from activists encouraged them to commit themselves to firmer action. Inspirational speeches confront the emotions. They focus on topics and matters that are close to people's hearts. During wars, generals used inspiring speeches to prepare the troops for battle. A speech that conveys knowledge and enhances understanding can inform us. The information must be clear, accurate, and expressed in a meaningful and interesting way. When the H1N1 pandemic流行病was announced, the idea of “swine flu”猪流感scared many people. Informative speeches from World Health Organization officials helped people to keep their panic under control so they could take sensible precautions. Sad events are never easy to deal with but a speech that pays tribute to the loss of a loved one and gives praise for their contribution can be comforting. Madonna's speech about Michael Jackson, after his death, highlighted the fact that he will continue to live on through his music. It's not only in world forums where public speaking plays an important role. It can also be surprisingly helpful in the course of our own lives. If you?re taking part in a debate you need to persuade the listeners of the soundness of your argument. In sports, athletes know the importance of a pep talk鼓舞士气的讲话before a match to inspire teammates. You yourself may be asked to do a presentation at college or work to inform the others about an area of vital importance. On a more personal level, a friend may be upset and need comforting. Or you might be asked to introduce a speaker at a family event or to speak at a wedding, where your language will be needed to move people or make them laugh. Great speaking ability is not something we're born with. Even Barack Obama works hard to perfect every speech. For a brilliant speech, there are rules that you can put to good use. To learn those rules you have to practice and learn from some outstanding speeches in the past.81. The author thinks the spoken word is still irreplaceable because _____.A. it has always been used to inspire or persuade people.B. it has a big role to play in the entertainment business.C. it plays important roles in human communication.D. it is of great use in everyday-life context.82. Which of the following statements is IN CORRECT about the role of public speaking?A. Speeches at world forums can lead to effective solutions to world problems.B. Speeches from medical authorities can calm people down in times of pandemics.C. The morale of soldiers before a battle can be boosted by senior officers' speeches.D. Speeches paying tribute to the dead can comfort the mourners.83.Public speaking can play all the following roles EXCEPT _____.A. to convince people in a debate.B. to inform people at a presentation.C. to advise people at work.D. to entertain people at a wedding.84. According to the passage, which of the following best explains the author's view on “great speaking ability”?A. It comes from observing rules.B. It can be perfected with easy effort.C. It can be acquired from birth.D. It comes from learning and practice.85. What is the main idea of the passage?A. Public speaking in international forums.B. The many uses of public speaking.C. Public speaking in daily life context.D. The rules of public speaking.TEXT BEvery business needs two things, says Skull candy CEO Rick Alden: inspiration and desperation. In 2001, Alden had both. He'd sold two snowboarding businesses, and he was desperately bored. But he had an idea: He wanted to make a new kind of headphone. “I kept seeing people missing their cell phone calls because they were listening to music,” he explains. Then I'm in a chairlift索道, I've got my headphones on, and I realize my phone is ringing. As 1 take my gloves off and reach for my phone, I think, “It can't be that tough to make headphones with two plugs, one for music and one for your cell phone.” Alden described what he wanted to a designer, perfected a prototype, and outsourced外包manufacturing overseas. Alden then started designing headphones into helmets, backpacks - anywhere that would make it easy to listen to music while snowboarding. “Selling into board and skate shops wasn't a big research effort,” he explains. “Those were the only guys I knew!” Alden didn't want to be a manufacturer. And by outsourcing, he'd hoped he could get the business off the ground without debt. But he was wrong. So he asked his wife, “Can I put a m ortgage抵押贷款on the house? She said, ?What is the worst thing that can happen? We lose the house, we sell our cars, and we start all over again.? I definitely married the right woman!” For the next two years, Alden juggled mortgage payments and payments to his manufacturers.“Factories won't ship your product till they get paid,” he says. “But it takes four or five months to get a mortgage company so upset that they knock on your door. So we paid the factory first.” Gradually, non-snowboarders began to notice the colorful headphones. In 2006, the company started selling them in 1,400 FYE (For Your Entertainment) stores. “We knew that nine out often people walking into that store would be learning about Skullcandy for the first time. Why would they look at brands they knew and take home a new brand instead? We had agreed to buy back anything we didn't sell, but we were dealing with huge numbers. It'd kill us to take back all the products.” Alden's fears faded as Skullcandy became the No. 1 headphone seller in those stores and tripled its revenue to $120 million in one year . His key insight was that headphones weren't gadgets; they were a fashion accessory. “In the beginning,” he says, “that little white wire that said you had an iPod—that was cool. But now wearing the white bud means you're just like everyone else. Headphones occupy this critical piece of cranial real estate and are highly visible.” Today, Skullcandy is America's second-largest headphone supplier, after Sony. With 79 employees, the company is bigger than Alden ever imagined.86. Alden came up with the idea of a new kind of headphone because he _____.A. was no longer in snowboarding businessB. had no other business opportunitiesC. was very fond of modern musicD. saw an inconvenience among mobile users87. The new headphone was originally designed for _____.A. snowboardersB. motorcyclistsC. mountain hikersD. marathon runners88. Did Alden solve the money problem?A. He sold his house and his cars.B. Factories could ship products before being paid.C. He borrowed money from a mortgage company.D. He borrowed money from his wife's family.89. What did Alden do to promote sales in FYE stores?A. He spent more money on product advertising.B. He promised to buy back products not sold.C. He agreed to sell products at a discount.D. He improved the colour design of the product.90. Alden sees headphones as _____.A. a sign of self-confidenceB. a symbol of statusC. part of fashionD. a kind of deviceTEXT C“I'm a little worried about my future,” said Dustin Hoffman in The Graduate. He should be so lucky. All he had to worry about was whether to have an affair with Mrs Robinson. In the sixties, that was the sum total of post-graduation anxiety syndrome. I was standing in my kitchen wondering what to have for lunch when my friend Taj called. “Sit down,” she said. I thought she was going to tell me she had just gotten the haircut from hell. I laughed and said, “It can't be that bad.” But it was. Before the phone call, I had 30 years of retirement saving in a “safe” fund with a brilliant financial guru金融大亨.When I put down the phone, my savings were gone. I felt as if I had died and, for some unknown reason, was still breathing. Since Bernie Madoff?s arrest on charges of running a $65 million Ponzi scheme, I've read many articles about how we investors should have known what was going on. I wish I could say I had reservations about Madoff before “the Call”, but I did not. On New Year's Eve, three weeks after we lost our savings, six of us Madoff people gathered at Taj's house for dinner. As we were sitting around the table, someone asked, “If you could have your money back right now, but it would mean giving up what you have learned by losing it, would you take the money or would you take what losing the money has given you?” My husband was still in financial shock. He said, “I just want the money back.” I wasn't certain where I stood. I knew that losing our money had cracked me wide open. I?d been walking around like what the Buddhists call a hungry ghost: always focused on the bite that was yet to come, not the one in my mouth. No matter how much I ate or had or experienced, it didn't satisfy me, because I wasn't really taking it in, wasn't absorbing it. Now I was forced to pay attention. Still, I couldn't honestly say that if someone had offered me the money back, I would turn it down. But the other four all said that what they were seeing about themselves was incalculable, and they didn't think it would have become apparent without the ground of financial stability being ripped out from underneath them. My friend Michael said, “I?d started to get complacent. It?s as if the muscles of my heart started to atrophy萎缩. Now they?re awake, alive—and I don?t want to go back.” These weren't just empty words. Michael and his wife needed to take in boarders to meet their expenses. Taj was so broke that she was moving into someone?s garage apartment in three weeks. Three friends had declared bankruptcy and weren't sure where or how they were going to live.91. What did the author learn from Taj's call?A. had got an awful haircut.B. They had lost their retirement savings.C. Taj had just retired from work.D. They were going to meet for lunch.92. How did the author feel in the following weeks?A. Angry.B. Disappointed.C. Indifferent.D. Desperate.。
2013年英语专业四级真题及答案
2013年全国英语专业四级考试TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS (2013)—GRADE FOUR—TIME LIMIT: 135 MINPART I DICTATION [15 MIN]Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be done at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be done at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work. You will then be given 2 minutes to check through your work once more.Please write the whole passage on ANSWER SHEET ONE.PART II LISTENING COMPREHENSION [20 MIN]In Sections A, B and C you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Mark the best answer to each question on Answer Sheet Two.SECTION A CONVERSATIONSIn this section you will hear several conversations. Listen to the conversations carefully and then answer the questions that follow.Questions 1 to 3 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the conversation.1. According to the conversation, an example of “Christmas trimmings” could beA. presents.B. fruits.C. sauce.D. meat.2. A Christmas lunch would include all the following EXCEPTA. roast turkey.B. sweet potatoes.C. meat.D. carrots.3. Why did Helen come to Rob’s house?A. She wanted to talk to Rob.B. She had come to help Rob.C. She had been invited to lunch.D. She was interested in cooking.Questions 4 to 7 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the conversation.4. Why did the woman phone the club?A. She wanted to know more about it.B. She was a new comer and felt lonely.C. She wanted to learn a new language.D. She was interested in social activities.5. We learn from the conversation that the clubA. mainly organizes language activities.B. accepts members from local students.C. has been set up for a long time.D. is increasing its membership.6. According to the conversation, the woman might come to practice German onA. Wednesday.B. Tuesday.C. Monday.D. Friday.7. What is the man going to do after the conversation?A. Call up the woman for her address.B. Wait for the woman to call him again.C. Mail the woman some information.D. Wait for the woman to pick up a form.Questions 8 to 10 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the conversation.8. According to the woman, what actually makes her job difficult?A. Difficult questions from interviewees.B. Embarrassing requests from interviewees.C. Lack of professional background.D. Lack of interviewing skills.9. The woman uses all the following adjectives when talking about attending job fairs EXCEPTA. prospective.B. useful.C. important.D. tiring.10. We learn from the conversation that the womanA. works better at job fairs.B. prefers honest people.C. often works on her own.D. is experienced in her work.SECTION B PASSAGESIn this section, you will hear several passages. Listen to the passages carefully and then answer the questions that follow.Questions 11 to 13 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the passage.11. According to today's weather forecast, which part of Europe has dry weather?A. Scandinavian mountains.B. Northwestern Europe.C. Northern Europe.D. Southern Europe.12. In which part of Europe does the weather stay both fine and cool?A. Southern Europe.B. Northern Europe.C. Eastern Europe.D. Northwestern Europe.13. In which region will the weather change tomorrow?A. Northern parts of the Mediterranean.B. Eastern parts of the Mediterranean.C. Central parts of the Mediterranean.D. Southern parts of the Mediterranean.Questions 14 to 17 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the passage.14. According to the passage, what benefit can technology bring to people?A. Closer contact with modern devices.B. Greater changes in social organization.C. Better understanding of mass media.D. More useful information to better their life.15. The speaker questions about everybody's access to technological advances. The main reason isA. illiteracy.B. poverty.C. food shortage.D. ignorance.16. According to the UN plan, all the following will be achieved within ten years EXCEPTA. giving everyone a radio or TV.B. starting to carry out the scheme in ten years.C. offering internet service to more people.D. providing more job opportunities.17. What could be the topic of the passage?A. Growth in telecommunications.B. Technology and the developing world.C. Education and medical care.D. Building an information society.Questions 18 to 20 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the passage.18. People in Latin America wear something __________ to express their hopes for wealth in the New Year.A. newB. redC. whiteD. yellow19. Which of the following New Year’s traditions signals friendship?A. Throwing old dishes.B. Wearing something red.C. Wearing something white.D. Eating round fruits.20. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as one's own New Year's tradition?A. Watching TV at home.B. Going to bed early.C. Visiting friends.D. Running and shouting outside.SECTION C NEWS BROADCASTIn this section, you will hear several news items. Listen to them carefully and then answer the questions that follow.Questions 21 and 22 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the news.21. What is happening to the schools in Fairfax County this school year?A. 15 schools have started social studies.B. 15 schools have used digital textbooks.C. Students are ready to use electronic resources.D. Digital textbooks are used for social studies.22. With digital textbooks, schools have saved about __________ million dollars.A. 1B. 2C. 3D. 4Questions 23 and 24 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the news.23. Who found the suspicious item at the airport?A. TSA agents.B. FBI agents.C. The police.D. Passengers.24. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?A. The terminal was closed temporarily afterwards.B. There was a thorough search inside the airport.C. Passengers at the airport were safe and sound.D. The security authorities identified the explosives.Questions 25 and 26 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the news.25. According to the news item, doctors use art therapy to treat the following problems EXCEPTA. alcohol abuse.B. smoking.C. depression.D. schizophrenia.26. Why did doctors introduce art therapy in the first place?A. To prevent patients from smoking.B. To better understand patients.C. To get patients occupied.D. To teach patients some skills.Question 27 and 28 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the news.27. What is the main purpose of the new rules?A. To reduce the number of pilots on duty.B. To prevent pilots from working overtime.C. To ensure an adequate amount of sleep.D. To fix the amount of work for each pilot.28. The Independent Pilots Association was unhappy about the new rules because theyA. had only covered cargo plane pilots.B. had failed to cover all the pilots.C. would be put into effect in two years.D. would be too costly if implemented.Questions 29 and 30 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the news.29. Why is increase in livestock production necessary?A. Because livestock production is highly efficient.B. Because more people will become wealthier.C. Because it may help double food production.D. Because it has fewer ecological risks.30. What does the word “challenge” mean in the news item?A. Balance between human survival and ecology.B. Conflict between less land and more production.C. Difference between present and future needs.D. Calls by environmental critics to consume less meat.PART III CLOZE [15 MIN]Decide which of the choices given below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks. Mark the best choice for each blank on Answer Sheet Two.Everyone knows that taxation is necessary in a modern state: without it, it (31) ______ not be possible to pay the soldiers and policemen who protect us; (32) ______ the workers in government offices who (33) ______ our health, our food, our water, and all the other things that we cannot do for ourselves. (34) ______ taxation, we pay for things that we need just (35) ______ we need somewhere to live and something to eat. But (36) ______ everyone knows that taxation is necessary, different people have different ideas about (37) ______ taxation should be arranged.In most countries, a direct tax on (38) ______, which is called income tax, (39) ______. It is arranged in such (40) ______ that the poorest people pay nothing, and the percentage of tax grows (41) ______ as the taxpayer's income grows. In some countries, for example, the tax on the richest people (42) ______ as high as ninety-five per cent!(43) ______ countries with taxation nearly (44) ______ have indirect taxation too. Many things imported into the country have to pay taxes or “duties.” Of course, it is the men and women who buy these imported things in the shops (45) ______ really have to pay the duties, in the (46) ______ of higher prices. In some countries, (47) ______, there is a tax on things sold in the shops. If the most necessary things are taxed, a lot of money is (48) ______ but the poor people suffer most. If unnecessary things (49) ______ jewels and fur coats are taxed, less money is obtained but the tax is (50) ______, as the rich pay it.31.A. canB. mayC. couldD. would32.A. norB. neitherC. neverD. not33.A. look intoB. look overC. look afterD. look through34.A. In accordance withB. By means ofC. With reference toD. On account of35.A. as well asB. as good asC. as such asD. as much as36.A. ifB. whenC. thoughD. as38.A. personsB. sectorsC. communitiesD. classes39.A. remainsB. staysC. existsD. happens40.A. formB. wayC. measureD. method41.A. quickerB. speedierC. moreD. larger42.A. grows upB. increases upC. goes upD. lifts up43.A. ButB. ConsequentlyC. SimilarlyD. And44.A. periodicallyB. almostC. oftenD. always45.A. whichB. whoC. whatD. whom46.A. mannerB. formC. meansD. way47.A. eitherB. alsoC. tooD. often48.A. lentB. savedC. borrowedD. collected49.A. alikeB. likeC. asD. for50.A. heavierB. fairerC. finerD. betterPART IV GRAMMAR & VOCABULARY [15 MIN]There are thirty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence.Mark your answers on Answer Sheet Two.51. Facing the board of directors, he didn’t deny __________ breaking the agreement.A. himB. itC. hisD. its52. Xinchun returned from aboard a different man. The italicized part functions as a (n) __________.A. appositive (同位语)B. objectC. adverbialD. complement.53. Which of the following is a compound word (复合词)?A. Nonsmoker.B. Deadline.C. Meanness.D. Misfit.54. Which of the following sentences contains subjunctive mood?A. Lucy insisted that her son get home before 5 o’clock?B. She used to drive to work, but now she takes the city metro.C. Walk straight ahead, and don't turn till the second traffic lights.D. Paul will cancel his flight if he cannot get his visa by Friday.55. The following determiners(限定词) can be used with both plural and uncountable nouns EXCEPTA. more.B. enough.C. many.D. such.56. Which of the italicized parts indicates CONTRAST?A. She opened the door and quietly went in.B. Victoria likes music and Sam is fond of sports.C. Think it over again and you’ll get an answer.D. He is somewhat arrogant, and I don't like this.57. Which of the following CANNOT be used as a nominal substitute(名词替代词)?A. Much.B. Neither.C. One.D. Quarter.58. All the following sentences definitely indicate future time EXCEPTA. Mother is to have tea with Aunt Betty at four.B. The President is coming to the UN next week,C. The school pupils will be home by now.D. He is going to email me the necessary information.59. Which of the following sentences is grammatically INCORRECT?A. Politics are the art or science of government.B. Ten miles seems like a long walk to me.C. Mumps is a kind of infectious disease.D. All the furniture has arrived undamaged.60. Which of in the following phrases indicates a subject-predicate relationship?A. The arrival of the touristsB. The law of NewtonC. The occupation of the islandD. The plays of Oscar Wilde61. Which of the following italicized parts serves as an appositive?A. He is not the man to draw back.B. Tony hit back the urge to tell a lie.C. Larry has a large family to support.D. There is really nothing to fear.62. Which of the following is NOT an imperative sentence?A. Let me drive you home, shall I?B. You will mind your own business!C. Come and have dinner with us.D. I wish you could stay behind.63. If it _______ tomorrow, the match would be put off.A. were to rainB. was to rainC. was rainingD. had rained64. Which of the following sentences expresses a fact?A. Mary and her son must be home by now.B. Careless reading must give poor results.C. It’s getting late, and I must leave now.D. He must be working late at the office.65. The following are all dynamic verbs(动态动词) EXCEPTA. remain.B. turn.C. write.D. knock.66. __________ to school life was less difficult than the pupil had expected.A. AdheringB. AdoptingC. AdjustingD. Acquainting67. He is fed up with the same old dreary routine, and wants to quit his job. The underlined part means __________.A. dullB. boringC. longD. hard68. At last night’s party Larry said something that I though was beyond me. The underlined part means __________.A. I was unable to doB. I couldn’t understandC. I was unable to stopD. I couldn’t tolerate69. The couple __________their old house and sold it for a vast profit.A. did forB. did inC. did withD. did up70. Sally contributed a lot to the project, but she never once accepted all the __________ for herself.A. creditB. attentionC. focusD. award71. The child nodded, apparently content with his mother’s promise. The underlined part means __________.A. as far as one has learntB. as far as one is concernedC. as far as one can seeD. as far as one is told72. The __________ that sport builds character is well accepted by people nowadays.A. issueB. argumentC. pointD. sentence73. Everyone in the office knows that Melinda takes infinite care over her work. The underlined part means __________.A. limitedB. unnecessaryC. overdueD. much74. The new measure will reduce the chance of serious injury in the event of an accident. The underlined part means __________.A. if an accident happensB. if an accident can be preventedC. before an accidentD. during an accident75. Traditionally, local midwives would __________ all the babies in the area.A. handleB. produceC. deliverD. help76. No food or drink is allowed on the premises. The underlined part means __________.A. propositionB. advertisementC. buildingD. string77. The court would not accept his appeal unless __________ evidence is provided.A. conclusiveB. definiteC. eventualD. concluding78. As soon as he opened the door, a __________ of cold air swept through the house.A. flowB. movementC. rushD. blast79. She really wanted to say something at the meeting, but eventually __________ from it.A. preventedB. refrainedC. limitedD. restricted80. The couple told the decorator that they wanted their bedroom gaily painted. The underlined part means __________.A. brightlyB. light-heartedlyC. cheerfullyD. lightlyPART V READING COMPREHENSION [25 MIN]In this section there are four passages followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer.Mark your answers on Answer Sheet Two.TEXT AThe art of public speaking began in ancient Greece over 2,000 years ago. Now, twitter, instant messaging, e-mail, blogs and chat forums offer rival approaches to communication—but none can replace the role of a great speech.The spoken word can handle various vital functions: persuading or inspiring, informing, paying tribute, entertaining, or simply introducing someone or something or accepting something.Over the past year, the human voice has helped guide us over the ups and downs of what was certainly a stormy time.Persuasion is used in dealing with or reconciling different points of view. When the leaders met in Copenhagen in December 2009, persuasive words from activists encouraged them to commit themselves to firmer action.Inspirational speeches confront the emotions. They focus on topics and matters that are close to people's hearts. During wars, generals used inspiring speeches to prepare the troops for battle.A speech that conveys knowledge and enhances understanding can inform us. The information must be clear, accurate, and expressed in a meaningful and interesting way. When the H1N1 pandemic(流行病)was announced, the idea of “swine flu”(猪流感)scared many people. Informative speeches from World Health Organization officials helped people to keep their panic under control so they could take sensible precautions.Sad events are never easy to deal with but a speech that pays tribute to the loss of a loved one and gives praise for their contribution can be comforting. Madonna's speech about Michael Jackson, after his death, highlighted the fact that he will continue to live on through his music.It's not only in world forums where public speaking plays an important role. It can also be surprisingly helpful in the course of our own lives.If you’re taking part in a debate you need to persuade the listeners of the soundness of your argument. In sports, athletes know the importance of a pep talk(鼓舞士气的讲话)before a match to inspire teammates. You yourself may be asked to do a presentation at college or work to inform the others about an area of vital importance.On a more personal level, a friend may be upset and need comforting. Or you might be asked to introduce a speaker at a family event or to speak at a wedding, where your language will be needed to move people or make them laugh.Great speaking ability is not something we're born with. Even Barack Obama works hard to perfect every speech. For a brilliant speech, there are rules that you can put to good use. To learn those rules you have to practice and learn from some outstanding speeches in the past.81. The author thinks the spoken word is still irreplaceable becauseA. it has always been used to inspire or persuade people.B. it has a big role to play in the entertainment business.C. it plays important roles in human communication.D. it is of great use in everyday-life context.82. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT about the role of public speaking?A. Speeches at world forums can lead to effective solutions to world problems.B. Speeches from medical authorities can calm people down in times of pandemics.C. The morale of soldiers before a battle can be boosted by senior officers' speeches.D. Speeches paying tribute to the dead can comfort the mourners.83. Public speaking can play all the following roles EXCEPTA. to convince people in a debate.B. to inform people at a presentation.C. to advise people at work.D. to entertain people at a wedding.84. According to the passage, which of the following best explains the author's view on “great speaking ability”?A. It comes from observing rules.B. It can be perfected with easy effort.C. It can be acquired from birth.D. It comes from learning and practice.85. What is the main idea of the passage?A. Public speaking in international forums.B. The many uses of public speaking.C. Public speaking in daily life context.D. The rules of public speaking.TEXT BEvery business needs two things, says Skullcandy CEO Rick Alden: inspiration and desperation. In 2001, Alden had both. He'd sold two snowboarding businesses, and he was desperately bored. But he had an idea: He wanted to make a new kind of headphone.“I kept seeing people missing their cell phone calls because they were listening to music,” he explains. Then I'm in a chairlift(索道), I've got my headphones on, and I realize my phone is ringing. As 1 take my gloves off and reach for my phone, I think, “It can't be that tough to make headphones with two plugs, one for music and one for your cell phone.” Alden described what he wanted to a designer, perfected a prototype, and outsourced(外包)manufacturing overseas.Alden then started designing headphones into helmets, backpacks - anywhere that would make it easy to listen to music while snowboarding. “Selling into board and skate shops wasn't a big research effort,” he explains. “Those were the only guys I knew!”Alden didn’t want to be a manufacturer. And by outsourcing, he'd hoped he could get the business off the ground without debt. But he was wrong. So he asked his wife, “Can I put a mortgage(抵押贷款) on the house? She said, ‘What is the worst thing that can happen? We lose the house, we sell our cars, and we start all over again.’I definitely married the right woman!”For the next two years, Alden juggled mortgage payments and payments to his manufacturers. “Factories won't ship your product till they get paid,” he says. “But it takes four or five months to get a mortgage company so upset that they knock on your door. So we paid the factory first.”Gradually, non-snowboarders began to notice the colorful headphones. In 2006, the company started selling them in 1,400 FYE (For Your Entertainment) stores. “We knew that nine out often people walking into that store would be learning about Skullcandy for the first time. Why would they look at brands they knew and take home a new brand instead? We had agreed to buy back anything we didn’t sell, but we were dealing with huge numbers. It’d kill us to take back all the products.”Alden’s fears faded as Skullcandy became the No. 1 headphone seller in those stores and tripled its revenue to $120 million in one year. His key insight was that headphones weren’t gadgets; they were a fashion accessory. “In the beginning,”he says, “that little white wire that said you had an iPod—that was cool. But now wearing the white bud means you’re just like everyone else. Headphones occupy this critical piece of cranial real estate and are highly visible.”Today, Skullcandy is America's second-largest headphone supplier, after Sony. With 79 employees, the company is bigger than Alden ever imagined.86. Alden came up with the idea of a new kind of headphone because heA. was no longer in snowboarding business.B. had no other business opportunities.C. was very fond of modern music.D. saw an inconvenience among mobile users.87. The new headphone was originally designed forA. snowboarders.B. motorcyclists.C. mountain hikers.D. marathon runners.88. Did Alden solve the money problem?A. He sold his house and his cars.B. Factories could ship products before being paid.C. He borrowed money from a mortgage company.D. He borrowed money from his wife's family.89. What did Alden do to promote sales in FYE stores?A. He spent more money on product advertising.B. He promised to buy back products not sold.C. He agreed to sell products at a discount.D. He improved the colour design of the product.90. Alden sees headphones asA. a sign of self-confidence.B. a symbol of status.C. part of fashion.D. a kind of device.TEXT CI was standing in my kitchen wondering what to have for lunch when my friend Taj called.“Sit down,” she said.I thought she was going to tell me she had just gotten the haircut from hell.I laughed and said, “It can't be that bad.”But it was. Before the phone call, I had 30 years of retirement saving in a “safe”fund with a brilliant financial guru(金融大亨).When I put down the phone, my savings were gone. I felt as if I had died and, for some unknown reason, was still breathing.Since Bernie Madoff’s arrest on charges of running a $65 million Ponzi scheme, I’ve read many articles about how we investors should have known what was going on. I wish I could say I had reservations about Madoff before “the Call”, but I did not.On New Year’s Eve, three weeks after we lost our savings, six of us Madoff people gathered at Taj's house for dinner. As we were sitting around the table, someone asked, “If you could have your money back right now, but it would mean giving up what you have learned by losing it, would you take the money or would you take what losing the money has given you?”My husband was still in financial shock. He said, “I just want the money back.”I wasn't certain where I stood. I knew that losing our money had cracked me wide open. I’d been walking around like what the Buddhists call a hungry ghost: always focused on the bite that was yet to come, not the one in my mouth. No matter how much I ate or had or experienced, it didn’t satisfy me, because I wasn’t really taking it in, wasn't absorbing it. Now I was forced to pay attention. Still, I couldn't honestly say that if someone had offered me the money back, I would turn it down.But the other four all said that what they were seeing about themselves was incalculable, and they didn’t think it would have become apparent without the ground of financial stability being ripped out from underneath them.。
2013英语专业四级真题及答案详解(最新版本)
2013英语专业四级真题及答案详解(最新版本)D53. Which of the following is a compound word (复合词)? ______.A. Nonsmoker.B. Deadline.C. Meanness.D. Misfit.54. Which of the following sentences contains su bjunctive mood? ______.A. Lucy insisted that her son get home before 5 o’clock?B. She used to drive to work, but now she takes t he city metro.C. Walk straight ahead, and don't turn till the se cond traffic lights.D. Paul will cancel his flight if he cannot get his visa by Friday.55. The following determiners(限定词) can be used with both plural and uncountabl e nounsEXCEPT ______.A. moreB. enough.C. many.D. such.56. Which of the italicized parts indicates CONT RAST? ______.A. She opened the door and quietly went in.B. Victoria likes music and Sam is fond of sports .C. Think it over again and you‟ll get an answer.D. He is somewhat arrogant, and I don't like this .57. Which of the following CANNOT be used asa nominal substitute(名词替代词)? ______.A. Much.B. Neither.C. One.D. Quarter.58. All the following sentences definitely indicate future time EXCEPT ______.A. Mother is to have tea with Aunt Betty at four.B. The President is coming to the UN next week.C. The school pupils will be home by now.D. He is going to email me the necessary inform ation.59. Which of the following sentences is grammat ically INCORRECT? ______.A. Politics are the art or science of government.B. Ten miles seems like a long walk to me.C. Mumps is a kind of infectious disease.D. All the furniture has arrived undamaged.60. Which of in the following phrases indicates a subject-predicate relationship? ______.A. The arrival of the touristsB. The law of NewtonC. The occupation of the islandD. The plays of Oscar Wilde61. Which of the following italicized parts serves as an appositive? ______.A. He is not the man to draw back.B. Tony hit back the urge to tell a lie.C. Larry has a large family to support.D. There is really nothing to fear.62. Which of the following is NOT an imperative sentence? ______.A.L et me drive you home, shall I?B.You will mind your own business!C.C ome and have dinner with us.D.I wish you could stay behind. ‘63. If it ______ tomorrow, the match would be p ut off.A. were to rainB. was to rainC. was rainingD. had rained64. Which of the following sentences expresses a fact? ______.A. Mary and her son must be home by now.B.Careless reading must give poor results.C. It‟s getting late, and I must leave now.D. He must be working late at the office.65. The following are all dynamic verbs(动态动词) EXCEPT ______.A. remain.B. turn.C. write.D. knock.66. ____ to school life was less difficult than the pupil had expected.A. AdheringB. AdoptingC.AdjustingD. Acquainting67. He is fed up with the same old dreary routin e, and wants to quit his job. The underlined par tmeans _________.A. dullB. boringC. longD. hard68. At last night‟s party Larry said something that I though was beyond me. The underlinedpart means ________.A. I was unable to doC. I was unable to stopB. I couldn’t understandD. I couldn’t tolerate69. The couple ______their old house and sold it for a vast profit.A. did forB. did inC.did withD. did up70. Sally contributed a lot to the project, but she never once accepted all the ____ for herself.A. creditB. attentionC. focusD. award71. The child nodded, apparently content with hi s mother‟s promise. The underlined part means _________.A. as far as one has learntB. as far as one is concernedC. as far as one can seeD. as far as one is told72. The ________ that sport builds character is well accepted by people nowadays.A. issueB. argumentC. pointD. sentence73. Everyone in the office knows that Melinda ta kes infinite care over her work. The underlined part means ________.A. limitedB. unnecessaryC. overdueD. much74. The new measure will reduce the chance of s erious injury in the event of an accident.The underlined part means _________.A. if an accident happensB. if an accident can be preventedC. before an accidentD. during an accident75. Traditionally, local midwives would _______ _ all the babies in the area.A. handleB. produceC. deliverD. help76. No food or drink is allowed on the premises. The underlined part means ________.A. propositionB. advertisementC. buildingD. street77. The court would not accept his appeal unless ________ evidence is provided.A. conclusiveB. definiteC. eventualD. concluding78. As soon as he opened the door, a ________ of cold air swept through the house.A. flowB. movementC. rushD. blast79. She really wanted to say something at the me eting, but eventually ________ from it.A. preventedB. refrainedC. limitedD. restricted80. The couple told the decorator that they want ed their bedroom gaily painted. The underlined part means _________.A. brightlyB. light-heartedlyC. cheerfullyD. lightlyPART V READING COMPREHENSION 25 MINIn this section there are four passages follo wed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answ er. Mark your answers on Answer Sheet Two.TEXT AThe art of public speaking began in ancient Gre ece over 2,000 years ago. Now, twitter, instant m essaging, e-mail, blogs and chat forums offer riv al approaches to communication - but none canreplace the role of a great speech.The spoken word can handle various vital funct ions: persuading or inspiring, informing, paying tribute, entertaining, or simply introducing som eone or something or accepting something. Ove r the past year, the human voice has helped guid e us over the ups and downs of what was certain ly a stormy time.Persuasion is used in dealing with or reconciling different points of view. When the leaders met i nCopenhagen in December 2009, persuasive word s from activists encouraged them to commit the mselves to firmer action. Inspirational speeches confront the emotions. They focus on topics and matters that are close to people's hearts. During wars, generals used inspiring speeches to prepa rethe troops for battle.A speech that conveys knowledge and enhances understanding can inform us. The information must be clear, accurate, and expressed in a meaningful and interesting way.（流行病）announced, the idea of “swine flu” many peop le. Informative speeches from World Health Org anization officials helped people to keep their p anic under control so they could take sensible pr ecautions.Sad events are never easy to deal with but a spe ech that pays tribute to the loss of a loved one a nd gives praise for their contribution can be com forting. Madonna's speech about Michael Jack son,after his death, highlighted the fact that he will continue to live on through his music.It's not only in world forums where public speak ing plays an important role. It can also be surpr isingly helpful in the course of our own lives.If you‟re taking part in a debate you need to persuade t he listeners of the soundness ofyour argument. In sports, athletes know the imp ortance of a pep talk（鼓舞士气的讲话） before a match to inspire teammates. You y ourself may be asked to do a presentation at college or work to inform the others about an area o f vital importance.On a more personal level, a friend may be upset and need comforting. Or you might beasked to introduce a speaker at a family event or to speak at a wedding, where your language wil l be needed to move people or make them laugh.Great speaking ability is not something we're bo rn with. Even Barack Obama works hardto perfect every speech. For a brilliant speech, th ere are rules that you can put to good use. To le arn those rules you have to practice and learn fr om some outstanding speeches in the past.81. The author thinks the spoken word is still irr eplaceable because ______.A. it has always been used to inspire or persuade people.B. it has a big role to play in the entertainment b usiness.C. it plays important roles in human communica tion.D. it is of great use in everyday-life context.82. Which of the following statements is INCOR RECT about the role of public speaking? _____ A. Speeches at world forums can lead to effectiv e solutions to world problems.B. Speeches from medical authorities can calm p eople down in times of pandemics.C. The morale of soldiers before a battle can be boosted by senior officers' speeches.D. Speeches paying tribute to the dead can comf ort the mourners.83. Public speaking can play all the following rol es EXCEPT ______.A. to convince people in a debate.B. to inform people at a presentation.C. to advise people at work.D. to entertain people at a wedding.84. According to the passage, which of the follow ing best explains the author's view on ______ “great speaking ability”?A. It comes from observing rules.B. It can be perfected with easy effort.C. It can be acquired from birth.D. It comes from learning and practice.85. What is the main idea of the passage? _____ _.A. Public speaking in international forums.B. The many uses of public speaking.C. Public speaking in daily life context.D. The rules of public speaking.TEXT BEvery business needs two things, says Skullcand y CEO Rick Alden: inspiration and desperatio n. In 2001, Alden had both. He'd sold two snowb oarding businesses, and he was desperately bore d. But he had an idea: He wanted to make a new kind of headphone. “I kept seeing people miss ing their cell phone calls because they were liste ning to music,” he explains. Then I'm in a chairlift, I've got my headphones on, and I realize m y phone is ringing. As 1 take my gloves off and r each for my phone, I think, “It can't be that to ugh to make headphones with two plugs, one for music and one for your cell phone.” Alden des cribed what he wanted to a designer, perfected a prototype, and outsourced（外包）manufacturing overseas.Alden then started designing headphones into he lmets, backpacks - anywhere that would make i t easy to listen to music while snowboarding. “S elling into board and skate shops wasn't a big r esearch effort,” he explains. “Those were the only guys I knew!”Alden didn‟t want to be a manufacturer. And by outsourcing , he'd hoped he could get thebusiness off the ground without debt. But he was wrong. So he asked his wife, “Can I put a （抵押贷款） on the house? She said, …What is the worst thing that can happen? Welose the house, we sell our cars, and we start all over again.‟ I definitely married the right woman!”For the next two years, Alden juggled mortgage payments and payments to his manufacturers. “Factories won't ship your product till they get paid,” he says. “But it takes four or five mont hs to get a mortgage company so upset that they knock on your door. So we paid the factory firs t.”Gradually, non-snowboarders began to notice th e colorful headphones. In 2006, the company sta rted selling them in 1,400 FYE (For Your Entert ainment) stores. “We knew that nine out often people walking into that store would be learning about Skullcandy for the first time. Why woul d they look at brands they knew and take home a new brand instead? We had agreed to buy bac k anything we didn’t sell, but we were dealing wi th huge numbers. It’d kill us to take back all th e productsAlden‟s fears faded as Skullcandy became the No. 1 he adphone seller in those stores andtripled its revenue to $120 million in one year. H is key insight was that headphones weren’tgadgets; they were a fashion accessory. “In the beginning,” he says, “that little white wire t hat said you had an iPod ---that was cool. But no w wearing the white bud means you’re just like everyone else. Headphones occupy this critical piece of cranial real estate and are highly visible .”Today, Skullcandy is America's second-largest h eadphone supplier, after Sony. With 79 employee s, the company is bigger than Alden ever imagin ed.86. Alden came up with the idea of a new kind of headphone because he ______.A. was no longer in snowboarding business.B. had no other business opportunities.C. was very fond of modern music.D. saw an inconvenience among mobile users.87. The new headphone was originally designed for ______.A. snowboarders.B. motorcyclists.C. mountain hikers.D. marathon runners.88. Did Alden solve the money problem? ______ .A. He sold his house and his cars.B. Factories could ship products before being pa id.C. He borrowed money from a mortgage compa ny.D. He borrowed money from his wife's family.89. What did Alden do to promote sales in FYE s tores? ______.A. He spent more money on product advertising.B. He promised to buy back products not sold.C. He agreed to sell products at a discount.D. He improved the colour design of the product .90. Alden sees headphones as ______.A. a sign of self-confidence.B. a symbol of status.C. part of fashion.D. a kind of device.TEXT CI was standing in my kitchen wondering what to have for lunch when my friend Taj called. “Si t down,” she said. I thought she was going to t ell me she had just gotten the haircut from hell.Ilaughed and said, “It can't be that bad.”But it was. Before the phone call, I had 30 years of retirement saving in a “safe” fund with a brilliant financial guru（金融大亨）.When I put down the phone, my savings w eregone. I felt as if I had died and, for some unkno wn reason, was still breathing.Since Bernie Madoff‟s arrest on charges of running a $65 million Pon zi scheme, I'veread many articles about how we investors shoul d have known what was going on. I wish Icould say I had reservations about Madoff befo re “the Call”, but I did not.On New Year's Eve, three weeks after we lost ou r savings, six of us Madoff people gathered at Taj's house for dinner. As we were sitting aroun d the table, someone asked, “If you could have your money back right now, but it would mean g iving up what you have learned by losing it, would you take the money or would you take wh at losing the money has given you?”My husband was still in financial shock. He said , “I just want the money back.” I wasn't certa in where I stood. I knew that losing our money h ad cracked me wide open. I’d been walking aro und like what the Buddhists call a hungry ghost:always focused on the bite that was yet to com e, not the one in my mouth. No matter how muc h I ate or had or experienced, it didn’t satisfy me, because I wasn’t really taking it in, wasn't a bsorbing it. Now I was forced to pay attention. Still, I couldn't honestly say that if someone had offered me the money back, I would turn it do wn.But the other four all said that what they were s eeing about themselves was incalculable, and they didn’t think it would have become apparen t without the ground of financial stability being ripped out from underneath them.My friend Michael said,I’d started to get compla cent. It’s as if the muscles of my heart started to atrophy（萎缩）. Now they‟re awake, alive—and I don‟t want to go back.”Theseweren’tjust empty words. Michael and his wife needed t o take in boarders to meet their expenses. Taj w as so broke that she was moving into someone’s garage apartment in three weeks. Three friendshad declared bankruptcy and weren't sure wher e or how they were going to live.91. What did the author learn from Taj‟s call?A. had got an awful haircut.B. They had lost their retirement savings.C. Taj had just retired from work.D. They were going to meet for lunch.92. How did the author feel in the following wee ks?A. Angry.B. Disappointed.C. Indifferent.D. Desperate.93. According to the passage, to which was she “forced to pay attention”?A. Her friends.B. Her husband.C. Her lost savings.D. Her experience.94. Which of the following statements is CORRE CT about her friends?A. Her friends valued their experience more.B. Her friends felt the same as she did.C. Her friends were in a better financial situatio n.D Her friends were more optimistic than she.95. What is the message of the passage?A. Desire for money is human nature.B. One has to be decisive during crises.C. Understanding gained is more important tha n money lost.D. It is natural to see varied responses to financi al crises.TEXT DIn the 19th century, there used to be a model of how to be a good person. There are all these torr ents of passion flowing through you. Your job, as captain of your soul, is to erect dams to keep th ese passions in check. Your job is to just say no to laziness, lust, greed, drug use and the other si ns.These days that model is out of fashion. You usu ally can’t change your behaviour by simply reso lving to do something. Knowing what to do is no t the same as being able to do it.Your willpower is not like a dam that can block the torrent of self-indulgence. It's more like a muscle, which tires easily. Moreover, you're a so cial being. If everybody around you is overeati ng, you‟ll probably do so, too.The 19th-century character model was based on an understanding of free will. Today, weknow that free will is bounded. People can chan ge their lives, but ordering change is notsimple because many things, even within oursel ves, are beyond our direct control.Much of our behaviour, for example, is guided b y unconscious habits. Researchers atDuke University calculated that more than 40 p ercent of the actions we take are governed by habit, not actual decisions. Researchers have also come to understand the structure of habits—cue, routine, reward.You can change your own personal habits. If yo u leave running shorts on the floor atnight, that'll be a cue to go running in the morn ing. Don‟t try to ignore your afternoon snack craving. Every time you feel the cue for a snack, insert another routine. Take a walk.Their research thus implies a different characte r model, which is supposed to manipulatethe neural（神经系统的）networks inside.To be an effective person, under this model, you are supposed to coolly examine yourown unconscious habits, and the habits of those under your care. You are supposed to devisestrategies to alter the cues and routines. Every r elationship becomes slightly manipulative, incl uding your relationship with yourself. You're try ing to arouse certain responses by implanting c ertain cues.This is a bit disturbing, because the important h abitual neural networks are not formedby mere routine, nor can they be reversed by cle ver cues. They are burned in by emotion and strengthened by strong yearnings, like the yearn ings for admiration and righteousness. If you thi nk you can change your life in a clever way, the way an advertiser can get you to buy an air fres hener, you're probably wrong. As the Victorians understood, if you want to change your life, don’t just look for a clever cue. Commit to some larg er global belief.96. Which of the following is a key element in the 19th-century character model?A. Passion.B. Action.C. Capability.D. Determination.97. The 19th-century model supposedly does not work because ______.A. there were many other factors beyond one's c ontrol.B. it has worked unsatisfactorily most of the tim e.C. the comparison of free will to a dam is groun dless.D. what one wishes to do should be considered c arefully.98. What is the main implication of the research at Duke University?A. Habit is key to one's behaviour.B. One's behaviour is difficult to change.C. Both habit and will power are important.D. Habit has an unidentified structure.99. According to the new character model, perso nal behaviour could be altered through ______.A. cues to stop all the former unconscious habits .B. cues to manipulate the habitual neural respon ses.C. techniques to devise different physical cues.D. techniques to supplement old routines. 100. We learn from the passage that the new cha racter model ______.A. stresses the neural and psychological aspectsof habit change.B. can bring about changes in one's life like wha t advertisers do.C. has been used to change behaviour successfull y.D. deals better with emotional aspects of behavio ur.附：【答案详解】PART 3 CLOZE31-40 DACBD CBACB41-50 DCADB BCDBBPART 4 GRAMMAR & VOCABULARY51. Facing the board of directors,he didn't deny __________ breaking the agreement.A. himB. itC. hisD. its解析：本题考查动名词的逻辑主语。
2013年英语专业四级真题及答案解析
2013年英语专业四级真题及答案解析(1/1)PART I DICTATIONDirections: Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be read at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be read at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work. You will then be given 2 minutePlay00:0011:45Volume______________________________下一题(1~3/共10题)Part II LISTENING COMPREHENSIONIn Sections A、B and C you will hear everything once only.Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Mark the correct answer to each question on your ANSWER SHEET.SECTION A CONVERSATIONSIn this section you will hear several conversations. Listen to the conversations carefully and then answer the questions that follow.Play00:0001:44Volume第1题According to the conversation, an example of "Christmas trimmings" could be______.A.presentsB.fruitsC.sauceD.meat第2题A Christmas lunch would include all the following EXCEPT______.A.carrotsB.meatC.sweet potatoesD.roast turkey第3题Why did Helen come to Rob´s house?A.She wanted to talk to Rob.B.She had come to help Rob.C.She had been invited to lunch.D.She was interested in cooking.上一题下一题(4~6/共10题)Part II LISTENING COMPREHENSIONIn Sections A、B and C you will hear everything once only.Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Mark the correct answer to each question on your ANSWER SHEET.SECTION A CONVERSATIONSIn this section you will hear several conversations. Listen to the conversations carefully and then answer the questions that follow.Play00:0001:13Volume第4题According to the woman, what actually makes her job difficult?A.Difficult questions from interviewees.B.Embarrassing requests from interviewees.ck of professional background.ck of interviewing skills.第5题The woman uses all the following adjectives when talking about attending job fairs EXCEPT______.A.prospectiveefulC.importantD.tiring第6题We learn from the conversation that the woman______.A.works better at job fairsB.prefers honest peopleC.often works on her ownD.is experienced in her work上一题下一题(7~10/共10题)Part II LISTENING COMPREHENSIONIn Sections A、B and C you will hear everything once only.Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Mark the correct answer to each question on your ANSWER SHEET.SECTION A CONVERSATIONSIn this section you will hear several conversations. Listen to the conversations carefully and then answer the questions that follow.Play00:00…Volume第7题Why did the woman phone the club?A.She wanted to know more about it.B.She was a new comer and felt lonely.C.She wanted to learn a new language.D.She was interested in social activities.第8题We learn from the conversation that the club______.A.mainly organizes language activitiesB.accepts members from local studentsC.has been set up for a long timeD.is increasing its membership第9题According to the conversation, the woman might come to practice German on______.A.WednesdayB.TuesdayC.MondayD.Friday第10题What is the man going to do after the conversation?A.Call up the woman for her address.B.Mail the woman some information.C.Wait for the woman to call him again.D.Wait for the woman to pick up a form.上一题下一题(11~13/共10题)SECTION B PASSAGESIn this section, you will hear several passages. Listen to the passages carefully and then answer the questions that follow.Play00:00…Volume第11题According to today´s weather forecast, which part of Europe has dry weather?A.Northern Europe.B.Southern Europe.C.Northwestern Europe.D.Scandinavian mountains.第12题In which part of Europe does the weather stay both fine and cool?A.Southern Europe.B.Northern Europe.C.Northwestern Europe.D.Eastern Europe.第13题In which region will the weather change tomorrow?A.Central parts of the Mediterranean.B.Eastern parts of the Mediterranean.C.Southern parts of the Mediterranean.D.Northern parts of the Mediterranean.上一题下一题(14~16/共10题)SECTION B PASSAGESIn this section, you will hear several passages. Listen to the passages carefully and then answer the questions that follow.Play00:0001:26Volume第14题People in Latin America wear something______to express their hopes for wealth in the New Year.A.yellowB.whiteC.redD.new第15题Which of the following New Year´s traditions signals friendship?A.Eating round fruits.B.Wearing something red.C.Wearing something white.D.Throwing old dishes.第16题Which of the following is NOT mentioned as one´s own New Year´s tradition?A.Watching TV at home.B.Visiting friends.C.Going to bed early.D.Running and shouting outside.上一题下一题(17~20/共10题)SECTION B PASSAGESIn this section, you will hear several passages. Listen to the passages carefully and then answer the questions that follow.Play00:00…Volume第17题According to the passage, what benefit can technology bring to people?A.More useful information to better their life.B.Greater changes in social organization.C.Better understanding of mass media.D.Closer contact with modern devices.第18题The speaker questions about everybody´s access to technological advances. The main reason is______.A.illiteracyB.food shortageC.povertyD.ignorance第19题According to the UN plan, all the following will be achieved within ten years EXCEPT______.A.giving everyone a radio or TVB.providing more job opportunitiesC.offering internet service to more peopleD.starting to carry out the scheme in ten years第20题What could be the topic of the passage?A.Growth in telecommunications.B.Technology and the developing world.C.Building an information society.cation and medical care.上一题下一题(21~22/共10题)SECTION C NEWS BROADCASTIn this section,you will hear several news items. Listen to them carefully and then answer the questions that follow.Play00:00…Volume第21题What is happening to the schools in Fairfax County this school year?A.15 schools have started social studies.B.15 schools have used digital textbooks.C.Digital textbooks are used for social studies.D.Students are ready to use electronic resources.第22题With digital textbooks, schools have saved about______million dollars.A.1B.2C.3D.4上一题下一题(23~24/共10题)SECTION C NEWS BROADCASTIn this section,you will hear several news items. Listen to them carefully and then answer the questions that follow.Play00:00…Volume第23题Who found the suspicious item at the airport?A.FBI agents.B.TSA agents.C.The police.D.Passengers.第24题Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?A.The terminal was closed temporarily afterwards.B.There was a thorough search inside the airport.C.The security authorities identified the explosives.D.Passengers at the airport were safe and sound.上一题下一题(25~26/共10题)SECTION C NEWS BROADCASTIn this section,you will hear several news items. Listen to them carefully and then answer the questions that follow.Play00:00…Volume第25题According to the news item, doctors use art therapy to treat the following problems EXCEPT______.A.smokingB.alcohol abuseC.depressionD.schizophrenia第26题Why did doctors introduce art therapy in the first place?A.To prevent patients from smoking.B.To better understand patients.C.To teach patients some skills.D.To get patients occupied.上一题下一题(27~28/共10题)SECTION C NEWS BROADCASTIn this section,you will hear several news items. Listen to them carefully and then answer the questions that follow.Play00:00…Volume第27题What is the main purpose of the new rules?A.To reduce the number of pilots on duty.B.To prevent pilots from working overtime.C.To ensure an adequate amount of sleep.D.To fix the amount of work for each pilot.第28题The Independent Pilots Association was unhappy about the new rules because they______.A.had failed to cover all the pilotsB.had only covered cargo plane pilotsC.would be put into effect in two yearsD.would be too costly if implemented上一题下一题(29~30/共10题)SECTION C NEWS BROADCASTIn this section,you will hear several news items. Listen to them carefully and then answer the questions that follow.Play00:00…Volume第29题Why is increase in livestock production necessary?A.Because livestock production is highly efficient.B.Because more people will become wealthier.C.Because it has fewer ecological risks.D.Because it may help double food production.第30题What does the word "challenge" mean in the news item?A.Conflict between less land and more production.B.Balance between human survival and ecology.C.Difference between present and future needs.D.Calls by environmental critics to consume less meat.上一题下一题(31~50/共20题)PART ⅢCLOZEDecide which of the choices given below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks. Mark the best choice for each blank on your ANSWER SHEET.Everyone knows that taxation is necessary in a modern state: without it, it__31__not be possible to pay the soldiers and policemen who protect us;__32__the workers in government offices who__33__our health, our food, our water, and all the other things that we cannot do for ourselves.__34__taxation, we pay for things that we need just__35__we need somewhere tolive and something to eat.But__36__everyone knows that taxation is necessary, different people have different ideas about__37__taxation should be arranged.In most countries, a direct tax on__38__, which is called income tax,__39__. It is arranged in such a__40__that the poorest people pay nothing, and the percentage of tax grows__41__as the taxpayer´s income grows. In some countries, for example, the tax on the richest people__42__as high as ninety-five per cent!__43__countries with direct taxation nearly__44__have indirect taxation too. Many things imported into the country have to pay taxes or " duties. " Of course, it is the men and women who buy these imported things in the shops__45__ really have to pay the duties, in the__46__of higher prices. In some countries,__47__, there is a tax on things sold in the shops. If the most necessary things are taxed, a lot of money is__48__but the poor people suffer most. If unnecessary things__49__jewels and fur coats are taxed, less money is obtained but the tax is__50__, as the rich pay it.第31题A.canB.mayC.wouldD.could第32题A.neitherB.norC.neverD.not第33题A.look afterB.look overC.look intoD.look through第34题A.In accordance withB.With reference toC.By means ofD.On account of第35题A.as well asB.as much asC.as such asD.as good as第36题A.ifB.whenC.asD.thoughA.howB.whenC.whyD.which第38题munitiesB.sectorsC.personsD.classes第39题A.remainsB.existsC.staysD.happens第40题A.measureB.methodC.formD.way第41题A.morergerC.quickerD.speedier第42题A.grows upB.increases upC.goes upD.lifts up第43题A.AndB.ConsequentlyC.SimilarlyD.But第44题A.almostB.alwaysC.oftenD.periodically 第45题A.whichB.whoC.what第46题A.mannerB.wayC.meansD.form第47题A.eitherB.alsoC.tooD.often第48题A.collectedB.borrowedC.savedD.lent第49题A.asB.forC.alikeD.like第50题A.heavierB.fairerC.finerD.better上一题下一题(1/30)PART IV GRAMMAR AND VOCABULARYThere are thirty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A、B、C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Mark your answers on your ANSWER SHEET.第51题Facing the board of directors, he didn´t deny______breaking the agreement.A.himB.hisC.itD.its上一题下一题(2/30)PART IV GRAMMAR AND VOCABULARYThere are thirty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A、B、C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Mark your answers on your ANSWER SHEET.第52题Xinchun returned from abroad a different man. The italicized part functions as a(n)______ in the sentence.A.appositive (同位语)C.adverbialplement上一题下一题(3/30)PART IV GRAMMAR AND VOCABULARYThere are thirty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A、B、C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Mark your answers on your ANSWER SHEET.第53题Which of the following is a compound word(复合词) ?A.Nonsmoker.B.Meanness.C.Deadline.D.Misfit.上一题下一题(4/30)PART IV GRAMMAR AND VOCABULARYThere are thirty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A、B、C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Mark your answers on your ANSWER SHEET.第54题Which of the following sentences contains subjunctive mood?A.Lucy insisted that her son get home before 5 o´clock.B.She used to drive to work, but now she takes the city metro.C.Walk straight ahead, and don´t turn till the second traffic lights.D.Paul will cancel his flight if he cannot get his visa by Friday.上一题下一题(5/30)PART IV GRAMMAR AND VOCABULARYThere are thirty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A、B、C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Mark your answers on your ANSWER SHEET.第55题The following determiners (限定词) can be used with both plural and uncountable nouns EXCEPT_____.A.manyB.enoughC.moreD.such上一题下一题(6/30)PART IV GRAMMAR AND VOCABULARYThere are thirty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A、B、C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Mark your answers on your ANSWER SHEET.第56题Which of the italicized parts indicates CONTRAST?A.She opened the door and quietly went in.B.Think it over again and you´ll get an answer.C.Victoria likes music and Sam is fond of sports.D.He is somewhat arrogant, and I don´t like this.上一题下一题(7/30)PART IV GRAMMAR AND VOCABULARYThere are thirty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A、B、C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Mark your answers on your ANSWER SHEET.第57题Which of the following CANNOT be used as a nominal substitute(名词替代词) ?A.Much.B.Neither.C.One.D.Quarter.上一题下一题(8/30)PART IV GRAMMAR AND VOCABULARYThere are thirty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A、B、C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Mark your answers on your ANSWER SHEET.第58题All the following sentences definitely indicate future time EXCEPT______.A.Mother is to have tea with Aunt Betty at fourB.The school pupils will be home by nowC.The President is coming to the UN next weekD.He is going to e-mail me the necessary information上一题下一题(9/30)PART IV GRAMMAR AND VOCABULARYThere are thirty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A、B、C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Mark your answers on your ANSWER SHEET.第59题Which of the following sentences is grammatically INCORRECT?A.Politics are the art or science of government.B.Ten miles seems like a long walk to me.C.Mumps is a kind of infectious disease.D.All the furniture has arrived undamaged.上一题下一题(10/30)PART IV GRAMMAR AND VOCABULARYThere are thirty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A、B、C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Mark your answers on your ANSWER SHEET.第60题Which of in the following phrases indicates a subject-predicate relationship?A.The occupation of the island.B.The law of Newton.C.The arrival of the tourists.D.The plays of Oscar Wilde.上一题下一题(11/30)PART IV GRAMMAR AND VOCABULARYThere are thirty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A、B、C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Mark your answers on your ANSWER SHEET.Which of the following italicized parts serves as an appositive?A.He is not the man to draw back.rry has a large family to support.C.Tony hit back the urge to tell a lie.D.There is really nothing to fear.上一题下一题(12/30)PART IV GRAMMAR AND VOCABULARYThere are thirty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A、B、C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Mark your answers on your ANSWER SHEET.第62题Which of the following is NOT an imperative sentence?A.I wish you could stay behind.B.You will mind your own business!e and have dinner with us.D.Let me drive you home, shall I?上一题下一题(13/30)PART IV GRAMMAR AND VOCABULARYThere are thirty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A、B、C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Mark your answers on your ANSWER SHEET.第63题If it______tomorrow, the match would be put off.A.was to rainB.were to rainC.was rainingD.had rained上一题下一题(14/30)PART IV GRAMMAR AND VOCABULARYThere are thirty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A、B、C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Mark your answers on your ANSWER SHEET.第64题Which of the following sentences expresses a fact?A.Mary and her son must be home by now.B.Careless reading must give poor results.C.He must be working late at the office.D.It´s getting late, and I must leave now.上一题下一题(15/30)PART IV GRAMMAR AND VOCABULARYThere are thirty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A、B、C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Mark your answers on your ANSWER SHEET.第65题The following are all dynamic verbs(动态动词) EXCEPT______.A.remainB.turnD.knock上一题下一题(16/30)PART IV GRAMMAR AND VOCABULARYThere are thirty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A、B、C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Mark your answers on your ANSWER SHEET.第66题______ to school life was less difficult than the pupil had expected.A.AdheringB.AdjustingC.AdoptingD.Acquainting上一题下一题(17/30)PART IV GRAMMAR AND VOCABULARYThere are thirty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A、B、C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Mark your answers on your ANSWER SHEET.第67题He is fed up with the same old dreary routine, and wants to quit his job. The underlined part means______.A.hardB.tiringC.longD.dull上一题下一题(18/30)PART IV GRAMMAR AND VOCABULARYThere are thirty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A、B、C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Mark your answers on your ANSWER SHEET.第68题At last night´s party Larry said something that I thought was beyond me. The underlined part means______.A.I couldn´t understandB.I was unable to doC.I couldn´t tolerateD.I was unable to stop上一题下一题(19/30)PART IV GRAMMAR AND VOCABULARYThere are thirty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A、B、C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Mark your answers on your ANSWER SHEET.第69题The couple______their old house and sold it for a vast profit.A.did forB.did inC.did upD.did with上一题下一题(20/30)PART IV GRAMMAR AND VOCABULARYThere are thirty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A、B、C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Mark your answers on your ANSWER SHEET.第70题Sally contributed a lot to the project, but she never once accepted all the ______for herself.A.creditB.attentionC.focusD.award上一题下一题(21/30)PART IV GRAMMAR AND VOCABULARYThere are thirty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A、B、C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Mark your answers on your ANSWER SHEET.第71题The child nodded, apparently content with his mother´s promise. The underlined part means______.A.as far as one has learntB.as far as one is concernedC.as far as one can seeD.as far as one is told上一题下一题(22/30)PART IV GRAMMAR AND VOCABULARYThere are thirty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A、B、C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Mark your answers on your ANSWER SHEET.第72题The______that sport builds character is well accepted by people nowadays.A.argumentB.issueC.pointD.sentence上一题下一题(23/30)PART IV GRAMMAR AND VOCABULARYThere are thirty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A、B、C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Mark your answers on your ANSWER SHEET.第73题Everyone in the office knows that Melinda takes infinite care over her work. The underlined part means______.A.limitedB.unnecessaryC.overdueD.much上一题下一题(24/30)PART IV GRAMMAR AND VOCABULARYThere are thirty sentences in this section.Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A、B、C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Mark your answers on your ANSWER SHEET.第74题The new measure will reduce the chance of serious injury in the event of an accident. The underlined part means______.A.if an accident can be preventedB.if an accident happensC.before an accidentD.during an accident上一题下一题(25/30)PART IV GRAMMAR AND VOCABULARYThere are thirty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A、B、C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Mark your answers on your ANSWER SHEET.第75题Traditionally, local midwives would______all the babies in the area.A.deliverB.produceC.handleD.help上一题下一题(26/30)PART IV GRAMMAR AND VOCABULARYThere are thirty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A、B、C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Mark your answers on your ANSWER SHEET.第76题No food or drink is allowed on the premises. The underlined part means______.A.propositionB.advertisementC.buildingD.street上一题下一题(27/30)PART IV GRAMMAR AND VOCABULARYThere are thirty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A、B、C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Mark your answers on your ANSWER SHEET.第77题The court would not accept his appeal unless______evidence is providedA.definiteB.conclusiveC.eventualD.concluding上一题下一题(28/30)PART IV GRAMMAR AND VOCABULARYThere are thirty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A、B、C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Mark your answers on your ANSWER SHEET.第78题As soon as he opened the door, a______of cold air swept through the house.A.flowB.movementC.rushD.blast上一题下一题(29/30)PART IV GRAMMAR AND VOCABULARYThere are thirty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A、B、C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Mark your answers on your ANSWER SHEET.第79题She really wanted to say something at the meeting, but eventually ______from it.A.refrainedB.preventedC.limitedD.restricted上一题下一题(30/30)PART IV GRAMMAR AND VOCABULARYThere are thirty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A、B、C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Mark your answers on your ANSWER SHEET.第80题The couple told the decorator that they wanted their bedroom gaily painted. The underlined part means______.A.cheerfullyB.light-heartedlyC.brightlyD.lightly上一题下一题(81~85/共20题)PART V READING COMPREHENSIONIn this section there are several reading passages followed by twenty questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers marked [A]、[B]、[C] and [D]. Choose the one that you think is the correct answer. Mark your answers on your ANSWER SHEET.The art of public speaking began in ancient Greece over 2,000 years ago. Now, twitter, instant messenging, e-mail, blogs and chat forums offer rival approaches to communication—but none can replace the role of a great speech.The spoken word can handle various vital functions; persuading or inspiring, informing, paying tribute, entertaining, or simply introducing someone or something or accepting something.Over the past year, the human voice has helped guide us over the ups and downs of what was certainly a stormy time.Persuasion is used in dealing with or reconciling different points of view. When the leaders met in Copenhagen in December 2009, persuasive words from activists encouraged them to commit themselves to firmer action.Inspirational speeches confront the emotions. They focus on topics and matters that are close to people´s hearts. During wars, generals used inspiring speeches to prepare the troops for battle.A speech that conveys knowledge and enhances understanding can inform us. The information must be clear, accurate, and expressed in a meaningful and interesting way. When the H1N1 pandemic(流行病) was announced, the idea of "swine flu" (猪流感) scared many people. Informative speeches from World Health Organization officials helped people to keep their panic under control so they could take sensible precautions.Sad events are never easy to deal with but a speech that pays tribute to the loss of a loved one and gives praise for their contribution can be comforting. Madonna´s speech about Michael Jackson, after his death, highlighted the fact that he vail continue to live on through his music.It´s not only in world forums where public speaking plays an important role. It can also be surprisingly helpful in the course of our own lives.If you´re taking part in a debate you need to persuade the listeners of the soundness of your argument. In sports, athletes know the importance of a pep talk(鼓舞士气的讲话) before a match to inspire teammates. You yourself may be asked to do a presentation at college or work to inform the others about an area of vital importance.On a more personal level, a friend may be upset and need comforting. Or you might be asked to introduce a speaker at a family event or to speak at a wedding, where your language will be needed to move people or make them laugh.Great speaking ability is not something we´re born with. Even Barack Obama works hard to perfect every speech. For a brilliant speech, there are rules that you can put to good use. To learn those rules you have to practice and learn from some outstanding speeches in the past.第81题The author thinks the spoken word is still irreplaceable because______.A.it has always been used to inspire or persuade peopleB.it has a big role to play in the entertainment businessC.it is of great use in everyday-life contextD.it plays important roles in human communication第82题Which of the following statements is INCORRECT about the role of public speaking?A.Speeches at world forums can lead to effective solutions to world problems.B.Speeches from medical authorities can calm people down in times of pandemics.C.The morale of soldiers before a battle can be boosted by senior officers´ speeches.D.Speeches paying tribute to the dead can comfort the mourners.第83题Public speaking can play all the following roles EXCEPT______.A.to convince people in a debateB.to inform people at a presentationC.to advise people at workD.to entertain people at a wedding第84题According to the passage, which of the following best explains the author´s view on "great speaking ability" ?A.It comes from observing rules.B.It comes from learning and practice.C.It can be perfected with easy effort.。
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TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS (2013)—GRADE FOUR—TIME LIMIT: 135 MINPART I DICTATION [15 MIN]Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be done at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be done at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work. You will then be given 2 minutes to check through your work once more.Please write the whole passage on ANSWER SHEET ONE.PART II LISTENING COMPREHENSION [20 MIN]In Sections A, B and C you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Mark the best answer to each question on Answer Sheet Two.SECTION A CONVERSATIONSIn this section you will hear several conversations. Listen to the conversations carefully and then answer the questions that follow.Questions 1 to 3 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the conversation.1. According to the conversation, an example of “Christmas trimmings” could beA. presents.B. fruits.C. sauce.D. meat.2. A Christmas lunch would include all the following EXCEPTA. roast turkey.B. sweet potatoes.C. meat.D. carrots.3. Why did Helen come to Rob‟s house?A. She wanted to talk to Rob.B. She had come to help Rob.C. She had been invited to lunch.D. She was interested in cooking.Questions 4 to 7 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the conversation.4. Why did the woman phone the club?A. She wanted to know more about it.B. She was a new comer and felt lonely.C. She wanted to learn a new language.D. She was interested in social activities.5. We learn from the conversation that the clubA. mainly organizes language activities.B. accepts members from local students.C. has been set up for a long time.D. is increasing its membership.6. According to the conversation, the woman might come to practice German onA. Wednesday.B. Tuesday.C. Monday.D. Friday.7. What is the man going to do after the conversation?A. Call up the woman for her address.B. Wait for the woman to call him again.C. Mail the woman some information.D. Wait for the woman to pick up a form.Questions 8 to 10 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the conversation.8. According to the woman, what actually makes her job difficult?A. Difficult questions from interviewees.B. Embarrassing requests from interviewees.C. Lack of professional background.D. Lack of interviewing skills.9. The woman uses all the following adjectives when talking about attending job fairs EXCEPTA. prospective.B. useful.C. important.D. tiring.10. We learn from the conversation that the womanA. works better at job fairs.B. prefers honest people.C. often works on her own.D. is experienced in her work.SECTION B PASSAGESIn this section, you will hear several passages. Listen to the passages carefully and then answer the questions that follow.Questions 11 to 13 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the passage.11. According to today's weather forecast, which part of Europe has dry weather?A. Scandinavian mountains.B. Northwestern Europe.C. Northern Europe.D. Southern Europe.12. In which part of Europe does the weather stay both fine and cool?A. Southern Europe.B. Northern Europe.C. Eastern Europe.D. Northwestern Europe.13. In which region will the weather change tomorrow?A. Northern parts of the Mediterranean.B. Eastern parts of the Mediterranean.C. Central parts of the Mediterranean.D. Southern parts of the Mediterranean.Questions 14 to 17 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the passage.14. According to the passage, what benefit can technology bring to people?A. Closer contact with modern devices.B. Greater changes in social organization.C. Better understanding of mass media.D. More useful information to better their life.15. The speaker questions about everybody's access to technological advances. The main reason isA. illiteracy.B. poverty.C. food shortage.D. ignorance.16. According to the UN plan, all the following will be achieved within ten years EXCEPTA. giving everyone a radio or TV.B. starting to carry out the scheme in ten years.C. offering internet service to more people.D. providing more job opportunities.17. What could be the topic of the passage?A. Growth in telecommunications.B. Technology and the developing world.C. Education and medical care.D. Building an information society.Questions 18 to 20 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the passage.18. People in Latin America wear something __________ to express their hopes for wealth in the New Year.A. newB. redC. whiteD. yellow19. Which of the following New Year‟s traditions signals friendship?A. Throwing old dishes.B. Wearing something red.C. Wearing something white.D. Eating round fruits.20. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as one's own New Year's tradition?A. Watching TV at home.B. Going to bed early.C. Visiting friends.D. Running and shouting outside.SECTION C NEWS BROADCASTIn this section, you will hear several news items. Listen to them carefully and then answer the questions that follow.Questions 21 and 22 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the news.21. What is happening to the schools in Fairfax County this school year?A. 15 schools have started social studies.B. 15 schools have used digital textbooks.C. Students are ready to use electronic resources.D. Digital textbooks are used for social studies.22. With digital textbooks, schools have saved about __________ million dollars.A. 1B. 2C. 3D. 4Questions 23 and 24 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the news.23. Who found the suspicious item at the airport?A. TSA agents.B. FBI agents.C. The police.D. Passengers.24. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?A. The terminal was closed temporarily afterwards.B. There was a thorough search inside the airport.C. Passengers at the airport were safe and sound.D. The security authorities identified the explosives.Questions 25 and 26 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the news.25. According to the news item, doctors use art therapy to treat the following problems EXCEPTA. alcohol abuse.B. smoking.C. depression.D. schizophrenia.26. Why did doctors introduce art therapy in the first place?A. To prevent patients from smoking.B. To better understand patients.C. To get patients occupied.D. To teach patients some skills.Question 27 and 28 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the news.27. What is the main purpose of the new rules?A. To reduce the number of pilots on duty.B. To prevent pilots from working overtime.C. To ensure an adequate amount of sleep.D. To fix the amount of work for each pilot.28. The Independent Pilots Association was unhappy about the new rules because theyA. had only covered cargo plane pilots.B. had failed to cover all the pilots.C. would be put into effect in two years.D. would be too costly if implemented.Questions 29 and 30 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the news.29. Why is increase in livestock production necessary?A. Because livestock production is highly efficient.B. Because more people will become wealthier.C. Because it may help double food production.D. Because it has fewer ecological risks.30. What does the word “challenge” mean in the news item?A. Balance between human survival and ecology.B. Conflict between less land and more production.C. Difference between present and future needs.D. Calls by environmental critics to consume less meat.PART III CLOZE [15 MIN]Decide which of the choices given below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks. Mark the best choice for each blank on Answer Sheet Two.Everyone knows that taxation is necessary in a modern state: without it, it (31) ______ not be possible to pay the soldiers and policemen who protect us; (32) ______ the workers in government offices who (33) ______ our health, our food, our water, and all the other things that we cannot do for ourselves. (34) ______ taxation, we pay for things that we need just (35) ______ we need somewhere to live and something to eat. But (36) ______ everyone knows that taxation is necessary, different people have different ideas about (37) ______ taxation should be arranged.In most countries, a direct tax on (38) ______, which is called income tax, (39) ______. It is arranged in such (40) ______ that the poorest people pay nothing, and the percentage of tax grows (41) ______ as the taxpayer's income grows. In some countries, for example, the tax on the richest people (42) ______ as high as ninety-five per cent!(43) ______ countries with taxation nearly (44) ______ have indirect taxation too. Many things imported into the country have to pay taxes or “duties.” Of course, i t is the men and women who buy these imported things in the shops (45) ______ really have to pay the duties, in the (46) ______ of higher prices. In some countries, (47) ______, there is a tax on things sold in the shops. If the most necessary things are taxed, a lot of money is (48) ______ but the poor people suffer most. If unnecessary things (49) ______ jewels and fur coats are taxed, less money is obtained but the tax is (50) ______, as the rich pay it.31.A. canB. mayC. couldD. would32.A. norB. neitherC. neverD. not33.A. look intoB. look overC. look afterD. look through34.A. In accordance withB. By means ofC. With reference toD. On account of35.A. as well asB. as good asC. as such asD. as much as36.A. ifB. whenC. thoughD. as38.A. personsB. sectorsC. communitiesD. classes39.A. remainsB. staysC. existsD. happens40.A. formB. wayC. measureD. method41.A. quickerB. speedierC. moreD. larger42.A. grows upB. increases upC. goes upD. lifts up43.A. ButB. ConsequentlyC. SimilarlyD. And44.A. periodicallyB. almostC. oftenD. always45.A. whichB. whoC. whatD. whom46.A. mannerB. formC. meansD. way47.A. eitherB. alsoC. tooD. often48.A. lentB. savedC. borrowedD. collected49.A. alikeB. likeC. asD. for50.A. heavierB. fairerC. finerD. betterPART IV GRAMMAR & VOCABULARY [15 MIN]There are thirty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence.Mark your answers on Answer Sheet Two.51. Facing the board of directors, he didn‟t deny __________ breaking the agreement.A. himB. itC. hisD. its52. Xinchun returned from aboard a different man. The italicized part functions as a (n)__________.A. appositive (同位语)B. objectC. adverbialD. complement.53. Which of the following is a compound word (复合词)?A. Nonsmoker.B. Deadline.C. Meanness.D. Misfit.54. Which of the following sentences contains subjunctive mood?A. Lucy insisted that her son get home before 5 o‟clock?B. She used to drive to work, but now she takes the city metro.C. Walk straight ahead, and don't turn till the second traffic lights.D. Paul will cancel his flight if he cannot get his visa by Friday.55. The following determiners(限定词) can be used with both plural and uncountable nouns EXCEPTA. more.B. enough.C. many.D. such.56. Which of the italicized parts indicates CONTRAST?A. She opened the door and quietly went in.B. Victoria likes music and Sam is fond of sports.C. Think it over again and you‟ll get an answer.D. He is somewhat arrogant, and I don't like this.57. Which of the following CANNOT be used as a nominal substitute(名词替代词)?A. Much.B. Neither.C. One.D. Quarter.58. All the following sentences definitely indicate future time EXCEPTA. Mother is to have tea with Aunt Betty at four.B. The President is coming to the UN next week,C. The school pupils will be home by now.D. He is going to email me the necessary information.59. Which of the following sentences is grammatically INCORRECT?A. Politics are the art or science of government.B. Ten miles seems like a long walk to me.C. Mumps is a kind of infectious disease.D. All the furniture has arrived undamaged.60. Which of in the following phrases indicates a subject-predicate relationship?A. The arrival of the touristsB. The law of NewtonC. The occupation of the islandD. The plays of Oscar Wilde61. Which of the following italicized parts serves as an appositive?A. He is not the man to draw back.B. Tony hit back the urge to tell a lie.C. Larry has a large family to support.D. There is really nothing to fear.62. Which of the following is NOT an imperative sentence?A. Let me drive you home, shall I?B. You will mind your own business!C. Come and have dinner with us.D. I wish you could stay behind.63. If it _______ tomorrow, the match would be put off.A. were to rainB. was to rainC. was rainingD. had rained64. Which of the following sentences expresses a fact?A. Mary and her son must be home by now.B. Careless reading must give poor results.C. It‟s getting late, and I must leave now.D. He must be working late at the office.65. The following are all dynamic verbs(动态动词) EXCEPTA. remain.B. turn.C. write.D. knock.66. __________ to school life was less difficult than the pupil had expected.A. AdheringB. AdoptingC. AdjustingD. Acquainting67. He is fed up with the same old dreary routine, and wants to quit his job. The underlined part means __________.A. dullB. boringC. longD. hard68. At last night‟s party Larry said s omething that I though was beyond me. The underlined part means __________.A. I was unable to doB. I couldn‟t understandC. I was unable to stopD. I couldn‟t tolerate69. The couple __________their old house and sold it for a vast profit.A. did forB. did inC. did withD. did up70. Sally contributed a lot to the project, but she never once accepted all the __________ for herself.A. creditB. attentionC. focusD. award71. The child nodded, apparently content with his mother‟s promise. The underlined part means __________.A. as far as one has learntB. as far as one is concernedC. as far as one can seeD. as far as one is told72. The __________ that sport builds character is well accepted by people nowadays.A. issueB. argumentC. pointD. sentence73. Everyone in the office knows that Melinda takes infinite care over her work. The underlined part means __________.A. limitedB. unnecessaryC. overdueD. much74. The new measure will reduce the chance of serious injury in the event of an accident. The underlined part means __________.A. if an accident happensB. if an accident can be preventedC. before an accidentD. during an accident75. Traditionally, local midwives would __________ all the babies in the area.A. handleB. produceC. deliverD. help76. No food or drink is allowed on the premises. The underlined part means __________.A. propositionB. advertisementC. buildingD. string77. The court would not accept his appeal unless __________ evidence is provided.A. conclusiveB. definiteC. eventualD. concluding78. As soon as he opened the door, a __________ of cold air swept through the house.A. flowB. movementC. rushD. blast79. She really wanted to say something at the meeting, but eventually __________ from it.A. preventedB. refrainedC. limitedD. restricted80. The couple told the decorator that they wanted their bedroom gaily painted. The underlined part means __________.A. brightlyB. light-heartedlyC. cheerfullyD. lightlyPART V READING COMPREHENSION [25 MIN]In this section there are four passages followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer.Mark your answers on Answer Sheet Two.TEXT AThe art of public speaking began in ancient Greece over 2,000 years ago. Now, twitter, instant messaging, e-mail, blogs and chat forums offer rival approaches to communication—but none can replace the role of a great speech.The spoken word can handle various vital functions: persuading or inspiring, informing, paying tribute, entertaining, or simply introducing someone or something or accepting something.Over the past year, the human voice has helped guide us over the ups and downs of what was certainly a stormy time.Persuasion is used in dealing with or reconciling different points of view. When the leaders met in Copenhagen in December 2009, persuasive words from activists encouraged them to commit themselves to firmer action.Inspirational speeches confront the emotions. They focus on topics and matters that are close to people's hearts. During wars, generals used inspiring speeches to prepare the troops for battle.A speech that conveys knowledge and enhances understanding can inform us. The information must be clear, accurate, and expressed in a meaningful and interesting way. When the H1N1 pandemic（流行病）was announced, the idea of “swine flu”（猪流感）scared many people. Informative speeches from World Health Organization officials helped people to keep their panic under control so they could take sensible precautions.Sad events are never easy to deal with but a speech that pays tribute to the loss of a loved one and gives praise for their contribution can be comforting. Madonna's speech about Michael Jackson, after his death, highlighted the fact that he will continue to live on through his music.It's not only in world forums where public speaking plays an important role. It can also be surprisingly helpful in the course of our own lives.If you‟re taking part in a debate you need to persuade the listeners of the soundness of your argument. In sports, athletes know the importance of a pep talk（鼓舞士气的讲话）before a match to inspire teammates. You yourself may be asked to do a presentation at college or work to inform the others about an area of vital importance.On a more personal level, a friend may be upset and need comforting. Or you might be asked to introduce a speaker at a family event or to speak at a wedding, where your language will be needed to move people or make them laugh.Great speaking ability is not something we're born with. Even Barack Obama works hard to perfect every speech. For a brilliant speech, there are rules that you can put to good use. To learn those rules you have to practice and learn from some outstanding speeches in the past.81. The author thinks the spoken word is still irreplaceable becauseA. it has always been used to inspire or persuade people.B. it has a big role to play in the entertainment business.C. it plays important roles in human communication.D. it is of great use in everyday-life context.82. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT about the role of public speaking?A. Speeches at world forums can lead to effective solutions to world problems.B. Speeches from medical authorities can calm people down in times of pandemics.C. The morale of soldiers before a battle can be boosted by senior officers' speeches.D. Speeches paying tribute to the dead can comfort the mourners.83. Public speaking can play all the following roles EXCEPTA. to convince people in a debate.B. to inform people at a presentation.C. to advise people at work.D. to entertain people at a wedding.84. According to the passage, which of the following best explains the author's view on “great speaking ability”?A. It comes from observing rules.B. It can be perfected with easy effort.C. It can be acquired from birth.D. It comes from learning and practice.85. What is the main idea of the passage?A. Public speaking in international forums.B. The many uses of public speaking.C. Public speaking in daily life context.D. The rules of public speaking.TEXT BEvery business needs two things, says Skullcandy CEO Rick Alden: inspiration and desperation. In 2001, Alden had both. He'd sold two snowboarding businesses, and he was desperately bored. But he had an idea: He wanted to make a new kind of headphone.“I kept seeing people missing their cell phone calls because they were listening to music,” he explains. Then I'm in a chairlift（索道）, I've got my headphones on, and I realize my phone is ringing. As 1 take my gloves off and reach for my phone, I think, “It can't be that tough to make headphones with two plugs, one for music and one for your cell phone.” Alden described what he wanted to a designer, perfected a prototype, and outsourced（外包）manufacturing overseas.Alden then started designing headphones into helmets, backpacks - anywhere that would make it easy to listen to music while snowboarding. “Selling into board and skate shops wasn't abig research effort,” he explains. “Those were the only guys I knew!”Alden didn‟t want to be a manufacturer. And by outsourcing, he'd hoped he could get the business off the ground w ithout debt. But he was wrong. So he asked his wife, “Can I put a mortgage（抵押贷款）on the house? She said, …What is the worst thing that can happen? We lose the house, we sell our cars, and we start all over again.‟ I definitely married the right woman!”For the next two years, Alden juggled mortgage payments and payments to his manufacturers. “Factories won't ship your product till they get paid,” he says. “But it takes four or five months to get a mortgage company so upset that they knock on your door. So we paid the factory first.”Gradually, non-snowboarders began to notice the colorful headphones. In 2006, the company started selling them in 1,400 FYE (For Your Entertainment) stores. “We knew that nine out often people walking into that store would be learning about Skullcandy for the first time. Why would they look at brands they knew and take home a new brand instead? We had agreed to buy back anything we didn‟t sell, but we were dealing with huge numbers. It‟d kill us to take back all the products.”Alden‟s fears faded as Skullcandy became the No. 1 headphone seller in those stores and tripled its revenue to $120 million in one year. His key insight was that headphones weren‟t gadgets; they were a fashion accessory. “In the beginning,” he says, “th at little white wire that said you had an iPod—that was cool. But now wearing the white bud means you‟re just like everyone else. Headphones occupy this critical piece of cranial real estate and are highly visible.”Today, Skullcandy is America's second-largest headphone supplier, after Sony. With 79 employees, the company is bigger than Alden ever imagined.86. Alden came up with the idea of a new kind of headphone because heA. was no longer in snowboarding business.B. had no other business opportunities.C. was very fond of modern music.D. saw an inconvenience among mobile users.87. The new headphone was originally designed forA. snowboarders.B. motorcyclists.C. mountain hikers.D. marathon runners.88. Did Alden solve the money problem?A. He sold his house and his cars.B. Factories could ship products before being paid.C. He borrowed money from a mortgage company.D. He borrowed money from his wife's family.89. What did Alden do to promote sales in FYE stores?A. He spent more money on product advertising.B. He promised to buy back products not sold.C. He agreed to sell products at a discount.D. He improved the colour design of the product.90. Alden sees headphones asA. a sign of self-confidence.B. a symbol of status.C. part of fashion.D. a kind of device.TEXT CI was standing in my kitchen wondering what to have for lunch when my friend Taj called.“Sit down,” she said.I thought she was going to tell me she had just gotten the haircut from hell. I laughed and said, “It can't be that bad.”But it was. Before the phone call, I had 30 years of retirement saving in a “safe” fund with a brilliant financial guru（金融大亨）.When I put down the phone, my savings were gone. I felt as if I had died and, for some unknown reason, was still breathing.Since Bernie Madoff‟s arrest on charges of running a $65 million Ponzi scheme, I‟ve read many articles about how we investors should have known what was going on. I wish I could say I had reservations about Madoff before “the Call”, but I did not.On New Year‟s Eve, three weeks after we lost our savings, six of us Madoff people gathered at Taj's house for dinner. As we were sitting around the table, someone asked, “If you could have your money back right now, but it would mean giving up what you have learned by losing it, would you take the money or would you take what losing the money has given you?”My husband was still in financial shock. He said, “I just want the money back.” I wasn't certain where I stood. I knew that losing our money had cracked me wide open. I‟d been walking around like what the Buddhists call a hungry ghost: always focused on the bite that was yet to come, not the one in my mouth. No matter how much I ate or had or experienced, it didn‟t satisfy me, because I wasn‟t really taking it in, wasn't absorbing it. Now I was forced to pay attention. Still, I couldn't honestly say that if someone had offered me the money back, I would turn it down.But the other four all said that what they were seeing about themselves was incalculable, andthey didn‟t think it would have become apparent without the ground of financial stability being ripped out from underneath them.My friend Michael said, “I‟d started to get complacent. It‟s as if the m uscles of my heart started to atrophy（萎缩）. Now they‟re awake, alive—and I don‟t want to go back.”These weren‟t just empty words. Michael and his wife needed to take in boarders to meet their expenses. Taj was so broke that she was moving into someone‟s garage apartment in three weeks. Three friends had declared bankruptcy and weren't sure where or how they were going to live.91. What did the author learn from Taj‟s call?A. had got an awful haircut.B. They had lost their retirement savings.C. Taj had just retired from work.D. They were going to meet for lunch.92. How did the author feel in the following weeks?A. Angry.B. Disappointed.C. Indifferent.D. Desperate.93. According to the passage, to which was she “forced to pay attention”?A. Her friends.B. Her husband.C. Her lost savings.D. Her experience.94. Which of the following statements is CORRECT about her friends?A. Her friends valued their experience more.B. Her friends felt the same as she did.C. Her friends were in a better financial situation.D Her friends were more optimistic than she.95. What is the message of the passage?A. Desire for money is human nature.B. One has to be decisive during crises.C. Understanding gained is more important than money lost.D. It is natural to see varied responses to financial crises.。