人教新目标七年级英语下册Unit12原始语法精讲

12 What did you do last weekend?小知识：on Saturday morning/afternoon/evening/night 介词短语，意思为“在周六上午/下午/晚上/深夜”。

（常做时间状语。

用法：置于句首则逗号隔开，置于句末则直接使用）补充：其他结构相同的表述What did you lose?I lost my keys.What did they play?They played ping-pong.What did she like?She liked her pen.基本句型2Who went to the beach?回答一：Carol went to the beach.回答二：Carol did.Who camped by the lake?回答一：Lucy camped by the lake.回答二：Lucy did.Who played badminton?回答一：I played badminton.回答二：I did.思考1：请分析句子结构。

思考2：这些句子是怎么来的？（即：这些句子的实质是什么？）基本句型3Where did you go?I went to the cinema.Where did Carol go?He went to the beach.Where did they go?They went to a farm.思考：请分析句子结构。

基本句型4（情境：Sarah上周末去了动物园）Who did she go with?回答一：She went to the zoo with her classmates. 回答二：She went there with her classmates.回答三：She went with her classmates.（情境：John上周末去了沙滩）Who did he go with?回答一：He went to the beach with me.回答二：He went there with me.回答三：He went with me.补充：其他结构相同的表述（情境：主人公上周和他爸爸打了羽毛球）Who did you play with? 你和谁一起玩？回答一：I played badminton with my father.回答二：I played it with my father.回答三：I played with my father.重要的动词搭配SAdo (one’s) homework 做（某人的）作业。

（do—did）go to the cinema 去电影院/去看电影（go—went）go boating 去划船camp by the lake 在湖边露营（camp—camped）小知识：camp vi. 宿营，露营。

常见搭配：go camping 去野营go to the beach 去沙滩play badminton 打羽毛球（play—played）study for the English test 为英语考试学习（study—studied）常见用法：study for sb./sth. 为某人/某事/某物而学习。

e.g. I always study for my mom.e.g. I study for my dream. 我为梦想而学习。

知识点大全2dHow was your weekend? 你周末过得怎么样？分析：即便weekend这个词本身没有包含过去的含义，但句子中用的was，因此我们也知道提问的人想问的是过去的某个周末。

I worked as a guide at the National History Museum.我在自然历史博物馆作导游。

小知识：the National History Museum 自然历史博物馆。

小知识：as prep. 作为•••，以•••的身份常见搭配：work as a guide (at/in sp.) （在某地）作导游。

（说明：in+大地点，at+小地点）e.g. I want to work as a guide. 我想要做导游。

e.g. Jack worked as a guide at the science museum.e.g. John often works as a guide in Wuhan over his winter holidays. 约翰总是在寒假期间在武汉作导游。

类似表述：work as a doctor/teacher/worker/cleaner (in/at sp.) 在某地作医生/老师/工人/清洁工。

e.g. My father works as a doctor in a hospital.e.g. I worked as a teacher in a middle school.e.g. John worked as a worker in a factory.e.g. Lucy and John work as cleaners at a small park.How interesting! 多么有趣啊！说明：这是个省略一定成分后的感叹句。

（完整的感叹句知识以及感叹句中可以省略什么成分在八年级上学期介绍）以前见过“what”型的感叹句。

如“What a nice picture.”而例句中的为“how”型感叹句。

结构：How + 形容词! 意思是“多么……！”e.g. Look at that bird. How beautiful! 瞧那只鸟，多么漂亮呀！e.g. How strong! 多么强壮呀！They have a butterfly house with over 200 kinds of butterflies!它们拥有一个有着超过200多种蝴蝶的蝴蝶馆！小知识：butterfly n.蝴蝶（可数，复数为butterflies）复习：over prep. 超过•••e.g. There are over 200 people in the house. 房子里有超过200个人。

I told the visitors about them and their living habits.我告诉游客们关于蝴蝶以及他们的生活习性。

小知识：visitor n.游客，旅客。

（可数）小知识：living habit 生活习惯，生活习性。

常见搭配：a living habit， living habitse.g. Every animal has different living habits. 每种动物都有着不同的生活习性。

e.g. You need to have a good living habit. 你需要有一种好的生活习惯。

小知识：tell vt.讲，告诉。

（tell—told）补充tell的新用法：1）tell sb. about sth. 告诉某人关于某方面的事。

e.g. My father told me about his stories. 我的爸爸告诉我关于他的故事。

e.g. I don’t want to tell you about my secret. 我不想告诉你我的秘密。

Did you have a good weekend?意译：你周末过得开心吗？I am kind of tired now.我现在有点累了。

小知识：tired adj.劳累的，疲惫的，疲倦的。

e.g. I am tired. 我累了。

e.g. He feels tired. 我觉得累了。

e.g. A tired man is walking on the street. 一个疲惫的人正走在街上。

I stayed up late to watch the soccer game.我熬夜看了足球赛。

小知识：last night 昨晚。

（常做时间状语）补充：stay up 短语动词，意为“熬夜”。

常见用法：stay up to do (sth.) 熬夜做某事。

小知识：stay up late 短语动词，意思为“熬夜”。

e.g. Jack stayed up late last night, so he feels really tired now. 杰克昨晚熬夜了，所以他现在感到很累。

常见搭配：stay up late to do (sth.) 熬夜做某事。

e.g. I stayed up late to finish my homework. 我熬夜完成我的作业。

e.g. John said that he stayed up late to play computer games. 约翰说他熬夜玩了电脑游戏。

（说明：stay up与stay up late意思均为“熬夜”，只不过stay up late强调了其程度是“熬夜熬到挺晚的，而stay up没有刻意强调熬夜熬了多久，因此如果不在意这个细节时两者可以互换）其他类似表述：stay up all night 短语动词，意思为“整晚熬夜，熬夜一整晚”e.g. I stayed up all night. 我整晚熬夜了。

常见搭配：stay up all night to do (sth.) 整晚熬夜做某事。

e.g. I stayed up all night to do finish my homework.知识点大全3aWhen did he lose them? I heard it was yesterday.意译：他什么时候丢的？我听说是昨天（丢的）。

小知识：hear v.听到，听说。

（hear—heard）常见用法：1）hear sb./sth. 听到•••。

2）主语+ heard + 宾语从句。

意为“主语听说•••”。

e.g. —Who lost his keys?—I heard that John lost his keys.e.g. I heard what you did. 我听说了你做过的事。

e.g. I heard John would stay up late to do his homework. 我听说了约翰会熬夜做他的作业。

e.g. He heard where I lived. 他听说了我住在哪。

e.g. They heard how he got to school.e.g. I heard he would be a teacher.Baby mouse was afraid and climbed onto his father’s back. 老鼠宝宝很害怕，并且爬到了他爸爸背上。