托福听力场景词汇(含解析)教学内容
托福听力 场景词汇总结
托福听力场景词汇总结campus situations和professor（最多）1.谈实习的收获elementray school:小学observation：观察interdisipline：多学科mythology 神话Greek and Roman 希腊的和罗马的Research skills：调查研究技能2.论文，课程作业Climate variation 气候变化Data 数据Expert 专家Research project 研究项目General or casual idea 大致的想法Rule of thumb 凭经验的方法Research journal 研究日记Evolution in thought 想法的进化Meteorological records 气象记录Statistical tests 统计检验Reference section 参考文献Jot down 随便写下Note Pad 笔记本Draft version 草稿Prerequisite 先决条件Term paper 课程论文Dialect 方言Manageable 可操控的Proposal 设计Food-born bacteria 食物上长的细菌Preliminary 初步的Carton board 纸板Flavor 味道Dairy 牛奶场Swamped 忙死了Scope of the assignment 作业的范围Stick to 坚持Tangential 外围的Mid-summer dream 仲夏夜之梦Video collection 录像集Track down 找到Ironic 讽刺的Transient 瞬息万变的3．报名项目Assume 假设Introductory 导论Relief 轻松Main lecture hall 教学主楼Excavate 开掘Barn 谷仓Artifact 手工艺品Button 纽扣Clay pottery 泥质陶Extra credit 额外的分数Tough time 困难Incentive 动力Retirement partyDean 系主任Anthropology 人类学Pitch in 加入V ersatile 多才多艺的Hiring process 招聘过程Qualified applicant 合格的候选者Sample lecture 样板课堂Academic interest 学科兴趣Student representative 学生代表Candidate 候选人Perspective 观点4．小组活动Due 到期Supreme court 最高法庭Municipal land use cases 市政土地使用案例Owning disputes 所有权争议Stress out 压力大Free-rider 搭便车Split up 分割Goof off 打发时间Go down the drain 泡汤Personal liberty 个人自由Start from scratch 重新开始Synthesis 总和Congnitive 认知的Couch 沙发5．课上的内容Strategic marketing 营销策略High end 高端的Aerobics 有氧体操Gallery 画廊Context 背景Monsoon 季风At stake 濒于险境Surrender 放弃6．考试Track meet 径赛Lab project 实验室项目Exmplary 杰出的Cell division 细胞分裂Blank out 空白Fresh in my mind 新鲜Medieval 中世纪Take-home exam 带回去做的考试Speculate 推断两个studentsRegister 选课Contemporary literature 当代文学Seminar 研讨班Junior high 初中Theory class 理论课Till the end of the month 直到月末Thesis 毕业论文Revise 修改Short of credits 学分不够和receptionist at the registrar’s office 1．课被取消了Room assinment sheet 教室分配表格Bulletin board 公告板Cancel 取消Junk mail 垃圾邮件Mailing address 通信地址Administration office 行政办公室Practical 实际的Instructor 指导者Sign up 报班Enroll 注册Physics depatment 物理系Info 信息Time slot 时间空档2.毕业要求Diploma 文凭Intermediate 中等Issue 发布Chairperson 主席，导师Field work 实地考察V erify 证实和counselor/ faculty advisor1.在学校不习惯Overwhelmed 吓到了Culture shock 文化震惊Understatement 低估Keep pace with 跟上Cello 大提琴String quartet 弦乐团四重奏Audition 面试2.工作招聘会Shoot 说Career fair 工作招聘会Flyer and post 传单和海报Accounting firm 会计公司Zillion 庞大的数字3.专业Teacher the year 年度教室Byline 署名Specialize in 专业化District court 地区法庭Resume 简历Prospective 预选的，准。
托福听力场景词汇
登记, 注册n.开业典礼, 仪式毕业典礼n.正式会议开学说明会n.全体职员(大学）一年级学生二年级学生三年级学生（大学）四年级学生大学，校长(名誉)校长学院学院Enrollment opening ceremony commencement ceremony convocation orientation meeting staff n. Freshman sophomore juniorSenior university- president chancellor college School费用开学测试,摸底考试出色的平均的，一般的低于平均水平的，差的tuition, fee placement test excellent average below average院长，系主任中学校长教授副教授助理教授班主任，协调人辅导员指导教授讲师个人辅导管理人本科研究生dean principal professor associate professor assistant professor coordinator counselor advisor instructor tutor supervisor undergraduate Post-graduate建筑物餐厅自助餐厅行政大楼主楼配楼，附属建筑教学楼n.宿舍会堂, 礼堂n.集合,集会计算实验室，机房食堂buildings: canteen. cafeteria. administration building main buildingwing/annex [ə'neks] teaching building dormitory auditorium =lecture hall assembly n. computer lab dining hall主修副修理科文科工科数学物理化学生物学地理学计算机科学天文学电子学植物学Major minor science arts engineering Mathematics physics chemistry biology Geography computer science astronomy electronics Botany ['bɔtəni]心理学动物学建筑学海洋学生态学医学考古学历史学语言学教育学，教学法人类学经济学统计学会计学哲学Psychology zoology architecture Oceanography ecology medical science Archaeology history Linguistics Pedagogy ['pedə,gəʊdʒi:] Anthropology Economics statistics accounting philosophy必修课选修课选修课讲座高级研讨性课学术报告会个人辅导课程专题课程入门级Required/compulsory course selective/optional course elective course lecture Seminar Colloquium [kə'ləʊkwi:əm] tutorial workshop Introductory初级中级高级先修课程elementary, fundamental Intermediate, secondary Advanced Prerequisite上课缺课逃课教学大纲要求的课本出勤打分体系课堂参与Attend class Miss class Skip class Syllabus Required textbookAttendance Grading system Class participation作业作业实验报告读书报告作业发言学期论文论文assignment = schoolwork homework = coursework = studies lab report book report Project presentation term paper （research paper）thesis/essay/dissertation学术期刊社会调查调查调查表, 问卷观察vt. n.采访收集数据(论文等)内容宽泛(论文等)缩小范围参考资料评判性思维缺少自己的想法n.最终期限延期期限n.大纲, 提纲Journal social investigation survey questionnaire observation interview vt.n.collect data broad narrow down source critical thinkinglack your own ideas deadline n. Extension due date/time outline n. (roadmap)n书目, 参考书目参考n. 抄袭,剽窃（作品）v. 修改v. 重写完成稿n.演讲演讲，陈述目光接触音调Bibli’ography n reference plagiarism ['pleɪdʒə,rɪzəm] revise v. rewrite v.final draft speech n. Presentation eye contact Into’nation期中考期末考总结性考试拿回家的开卷考试开卷考试主观性测试客观性测试抽查式测验，突击小测验答题本n估价n.评价, 估价补考, 重考分数mid-term exam final exams = finals cumulative final take-home examopen-book exam subjective test objective test pop quiz 随堂测验blue book assessment n appraisal n. make up for resit, retake grade （mark 、score）优异成绩低分高分及格分不及格分满分全A全是A和B B加A减以优异成绩通过考试以荣誉毕业文凭，学位，证书perfect grade low grade high mark failing grade full marks straight A'sbe all A's and B's B plus A minus pass the exam with flying colors graduate with honors diploma, degree, certificate图书馆图书管理员出版物期刊杂志图书目录分类目录参考书目书目索引按字母顺序排列的索引借书处Library librarian publication Periodical magazine book catalogueclassified catalogue bibliography title index Alpha’betic index circulation desk馆藏书（在图书馆内借阅）借书证过期罚金期刊阅览室在线期刊录像带过期杂志近期杂志档案非小说类文学作品科幻小说reserved books library card overdue fine periodical reading room online journal video tape back issue current issue Archive ['ɑ:kaiv] non-fiction science-fiction复印机办理（借、还）手续续借过期馆际服务服务台借书台书架复印室还书处学生存储间Copier check out renew overdue interlibrary service information desk n.delivery/circulation desk shelf n. photocopy room return area students locker寄物柜参考书部假说择一假说无效假说, 零假说收集数据调查问卷实验影响观察分析数据reference section Hypothesis Alternative hypothesis Null hypothesis Collect data Survey Questionnaire Experiment Interfere, influence Observation Analyze data解释数据n.分析adj. 分析的, 分析法的主题; 题目; 问题抽样调查处理组对照组证明书推荐信, 介绍信竞争的有益于职业生涯实际教学,现场调查研究服务员临时照顾幼儿者、资格, 合格的履历<正>简历,个人履历经济援助奖学金, 学术奖金Interpret data Analysis n. Analytical adj. Subject Sample Treatment groupControl group Letter of reference Letter of recommendation CompetitiveBenefit future career Field research Waiter, waitress Babysitter QualificationQualified Resume Curriculum vitae [vi:taɪ,vaɪti] （CV）financial aid Scholarship Fellowship助教奖学金研究奖学金助学金贷款以需求为基础以优秀为基础学生会俱乐部成员资格Teaching assistantship Research assistantship Grant Loan Need-based Merit-based Student union Clubs Membershipn.住处, 膳宿宿舍套间工作室，独立套间校内一栋一栋的房子用做宿舍公共大厅（可以用做娱乐）在国外住在房东家里同屋者,室友n. 走廊,过道，Accommodation residence hall suite studio villagelounge n. home-stay roommate corridor n.n.租借, 租约房东女房东租金房客n.阳台n.推拉门单人房双卧室房锁匙lease n. Landlord landlady rent tenant patio n. /pɑ:ti:əʊ/sliding door single room two-bedroom apartment house keyn.枕头n. 被单和枕套n. 被单n.床垫n.毯子n.手巾, 毛巾n.棉被Pillow bed linen ['linin] sheet mattress blanket towel quilt电器加热器，炉子暖气片空调设备炉子微波炉洗衣机/烘干机器皿，用具炊具烤箱，烤炉煤气灶electric appliance(instrument; equipment) heater, furnace 火炉，锅炉heating unitair conditioner stove microwave oven washer / dryer （laundry 洗衣店）Utensil kitchen utensil oven range洗碟机洗衣机热水器咖啡壶冰箱吸尘器录音机CD机自动洗衣店维修，保养Dishwasher washing machine (hot-water) heater coffeepot refrigerator (freezer) vacuum cleaner tape player CD player Laundromat maintenance家具书架书柜沙发柜子；橱；箱子梳妆台(电视机等)机箱；储藏柜；陈列柜furniture bookshelf bookcase couch chest dresser (bureau) cabinet碗橱壁橱小地毯地毯窗帘浴缸（房屋）固定装置室内陈设cupboard (closet) storage wall rug carpet curtain bathtub fixture furnishings个人财产垃圾处理煤气表.昆虫夜贼泄漏丢钥匙闯入personal possessions/property/belongings garbage/rubbish/waste n dispose v. gas meter insect n burglar n leaking/leakage n. lost key break in地质学滑坡.山体滑坡泥土土壤土下沉地下水灌溉冷冻融化重心加重Geology Slide n. Landslide n Mud soil Earth n. Sink v. Ground waterIrrigation n. Freeze, froze, frozen v. Melt v. Molten Gravity n. Aggravate .['æɡrəveit]v. 倾斜斜坡陡峭腐蚀化石恐龙沉淀物大理石花岗岩矿石钟乳石. 提炼铂金地震学震动Lean v. Slope n. Steep adj Erode v., erosion n. Fossil n. Dinosaur n. Sediment, deposit Marble granite Ore Stalactite[stə'læk,taɪt, 'stælək-] Refine v. Platinum v. .['plætnəm] Seismology Vibration, tremor,波动火山，火山的火山喷发级数碰撞积极的休眠的熄灭的.岩浆岩浆喷发.爆炸爆炸爆炸雪崩Wave Volcano, volcanic V olcanic eruption Magnitude Collision n. Active adj. Dormant adj. Extinct adj. Magma n Lava n. Erupt v explode v(explosion) boom n. Blast n. Avalanche n.['ævə,læntʃ]地球科学地球的内部地震波压缩减慢速度反射深度密度边界地幔地壳Geoscience Earth’s interior Seismic waves Compression Slow down ReflectDepth Density boundary Mantle Crust地心大陆板块(地球表面的)构造板块大陆漂移层分层裂缝融化的岩浆气候变化统一的，始终一致的Core Continental plate Tectonic plate Continental drift Layer, strataStratify ['strætə,faɪ] Crack Molten lava Climatic shift=Climatic changesConsistent pattern太阳能发射，放射大概的猜测猜测冷却机制体力Solar energy Radiate Crude approximation Speculation Cooling down Mechanism Physical force虚拟线人工水库再分配，再分布快速旋转矿物质多样的样品丰富的像玻璃的天河石炙热的水蒸汽根除，彻底消灭珠穆朗玛峰海拔，海拔增高精确的测量全球定位系统Imaginary line Artificial reservoir Redistribute Spin Minerals Diverse Specimen，Sample Abundant Glassy Amazon stones Firing vapor Wipe outMt Everest Elevation Precise measurement Global Positioning System经度维度可替代资源气体水合物困住火焰潜在的模式地质断层裂缝地震活动空白地带假设大块圆柱圆柱形的地倾斜观测撤出沉淀性的积累Longitude Latitude Alternative sources of energy Gas hydrate Trap Flame Potential Model Geological fault Crack seismic gap Postulate ['pɔstʃə,leɪt]Chunk cylinder cylindrical[sə’lɪndrɪkəl] ground tilt measurement evacuate sedimentary adj. Accumulate保险注意合约口头协议偿还利息商人谨慎的极为重要的制造标签所持观点告知成本Insurance Note Contract Verbal agreement Repay Interest MerchantCautious Paramount Manufacture Label Contention Inform Cost利润, 损失净的，总的供求供应链浮动衰退萧条市场营销策略调查剩余分布零售批发特许经营预算Profit loss Net，gross Supply and demand Supply chain Fluctuation Recession Depression Marketing strategies Survey Surplus Distribution Retail Whole sale Franchise ['fræn,tʃaɪz] Budget哲学主题逻辑修辞基本原因宇宙的原则看待，观察观点感觉灵魂组成成分推理Socrates, Plato and Aristotle Theme Logic Rhetoric.['retərik] Fundamental causes Principles of the universe Perceive Perception SenseSoul 、spirit Element Reasoning理性, 有理性的沉思，思考判断公正的，公正证明, 合理的理由明确的道德规范伦理理论有道德的终极真理普遍的追求真理不相同内部的，本质的外部的，非本质的评论家Rationality rational Contemplation Judgment Just，justice Justify, justification Explicit Ethics Ethical theory Moral Ultimate truth Universal Search for truth Vary v. Intrinsic Extrinsic Critic过时的有价值的生存，存活保守的开放的不实际的经验主义的认知的削弱（影响力）减小中世纪文艺复兴教义,主义,学说唯心论，理想主义n. 认识论形而上学,玄学和解,调停Old-fashioned Valuable Survive Conservative Liberal Impractical Empirical Cognitive Weaken Diminish Medieval Renaissance DoctrineIdealism Epistemology [ɪ,pɪstə'mɔlədʒi:] Metaphysics Reconcile天文学星座（星象学的星座）行星恒星木星冥王星土星水星火星金星海王星天王星astronomy constellation[kɔnstə’leɪʃən]Zodiac ['zəudiæk] planet sunJupiter Pluto Saturn Mercury Mars Venus Neptune Uranus谷物星白矮星北斗七星小行星带银河系星系运行n.轨道转轴轨道外太空重力the largest asteroid and the first discovered White dwarf Big Dipper铲斗Asteroid belt [‘æstərɔɪd] Milky Way Galaxy n. orbit v. rotate v. Axistrack n. outer space gravity赤道热带的亮度维度距离(日月食)v. 逐渐变小向心离心星际的星云星云的气体微粒equator n. Tropical brightness n. dimension n. distance n. EclipseWane, diminish v. Centripetal [sen'trɪpɪtl] Centrifugal [sen'trɪfjəgəl]Interstellar adj. .['intə(:)'stelə] Nebula n. [’nebjələ] ：an immense cloud of gas (mainly hydrogen) and dust in interstellar space Nebulous adj.Gas (rock, ice, hydrogen, oxygen) Particle极光天文的天文物理学黑洞天体的天体图离心力球粒状陨石顺时针星团，一群星星彗星宇宙, 宇宙的Polar light Astronomical Astrophysics Black hole Celestial [sə'lestʃəl]Celestial map Centrifugal force Chondrite ['kɔndrait] Clockwise Cluster Comet ['kɔmit] Cosmos cosmetic宇宙学排放物，发射微弱的微弱的气态包吸引力格林尼治时间高清晰度引燃幻影物体影响，形象无限的红外射线干扰仪Cosmology Emission Faint Feeble Gaseous bodies Gravitational force Greenwich mean time High resolution Ignite Illusive object Image Infinite Infrared ray Interferometer星系间的国际日期变更线星球间的星际的闰年光年光亮度阴历的，月亮的巨大的流星流星雨陨石流星体融化的裸眼Intergalactic International date line Interplanetary Interstellar Leap yearLight year Luminosity Lunar Massive Meteor Meteor shower Meteorite Meteoroid Molten Naked eye艺术分类表演艺术现代舞音乐会剧歌剧电影摄影分析的Genre Performing art modern dance concert play opera film camera analytical平行的芭蕾舞舞蹈指导视觉艺术抽象艺术风景摄影曝光冲洗胶卷Parallel ballet choreographer Fine/visual arts Abstract art landscape Photography exposure develop film肖像, 人像、静物雕塑人物雕像逼真的国歌评论家批评，评论评论杰作有美学价值美学吸引力特点特点与众不同的独一无二的portrait(portray v. ) still life sculpture statue lifelike vivid anthem Critic Criticism Review n. Masterpiece Have aesthetic value Aesthetic appeal Feature Characteristics Distinct adj. Unique风格技巧.画馆专辑发行首映印象主义者印象派透视法角度出版社盛赞海市蜃楼多产保存灭绝的，消失的Style Technique Gallery n. Edition n. Release v. Debut n. Impressionist Impressionism Perspective Angle Press/Publishing house Acclaim mirage prolific Preserve v. Extinct adj.文学诗歌传记自传侦探小说戏剧小说小说家短篇小说集寓言比较文学日记社论，重要评论小说唯美自传描述散文童话未来派传说文学研究叙述性散文讲台散文现实主义文学派别主要角色文学评论文学学习现代主义情节诗歌前言谚语Literature Poetry biography autobiography detective stories drama novel Novelist collection of short stories Allegory Comparative literature Diary Editorial Fiction Aestheticism Autobiography Descriptive prose Fairy tale Futurism LegendLiterary studies Narrative prose Podium Prose Realism School of literature Leading character Literary criticism Literary studies Modernism Plot Poetry Prologue Proverb美术超现实主义艺廊书法模仿风景画油画粘贴蜡笔，粉笔，颜料颜料帆布蜡光谱透视画法海报肖像模式，模特壁画全景蜡笔画草图手稿Surrealism Art gallery Ca'lligraphy Imitating Landscape painting Oil painting Paste Crayon Pigmentation Canvas Wax Spectrum Perspective Poster Portrait Model Mural Panorama Pa'stel drawing Sketch Autograph建筑建筑学建筑师建筑风格装饰艺术几何图形拱门城堡大教堂结构大厅电梯正面,立面；门面；外观模式楼梯内部的外部的印象派风格清真寺金字塔复活文艺复兴中世纪拜占庭建筑Architecture Architect Architectural style Art deco Art moderne Geo'metric patterns Arch Castle Ca'thedral Framing Lobby n.(entrance hall) Elevator n. Façade n. Stairs Interior Exterior Impressio'nistic style Mosque Pyramid Revival Renaissance Medieval Byzantine architecture 527 (Sofia)-1520音乐伴奏试听，试表演乐队音乐弦乐，弦古典音乐协奏曲催眠曲二重奏和弦，和谐摇滚小夜曲<音>（尤指男子在所爱慕的女子窗外唱的或演奏的）唱[奏]小夜曲的人独奏奏鸣曲交响乐歌谣，民谣，尤指叙事歌谣；民歌；[音]伤感的情歌民间音乐’前奏尾声终曲；结语；结尾；末尾乐谱音符乐谱，记号法和弦符号歌词节奏，拍子主旋律，曲调节奏，韵律旋律指挥小提琴中提琴大提琴双簧管单簧管，竖笛；黑管变号(一种古双簧乐器)竖琴Accompaniment Audition Band music Chord Classical music Concerto [kən'tʃɜ:təʊ] Lullaby['lʌləbaɪ] Du‘et Harmony Rock and roll Sere‘nade[ˌserə'neɪd] Solo Sonata[səˌnɑ:tə] Symphony Ballad Folk music Prelude Epilogue['epɪlɒɡ] Score Note Notation Chord symbol Lyrics Tempo Melody Rhythm Tune Conduct Violin Viola Cello['tʃeləʊ] Oboe Clari‘net[ˌklærəˌnet] krummhorn['krʌmhɔ:n]n. Harp考古人类学家生态的生态人类学家考古学人类学形态学古代文明起源起源于‘祖先人（科）同一种族（种类）的部落氏族考古学家挖掘挖掘铲子遗迹，废墟遗迹，遗骸手工艺品陶器瓷器遗物，文物岩石画古物，古董古代，古老颅骨颅骨的，头盖的石器时代（青）铜器时代铁器时代旧石器时代的中石器时代的新石器时代的挖掘史前的原始的Anthropologist ecological anthropologist archaeology anthropology morphology Ancient civilization origin originate ancestor hominid homo’geneous tribe clan Archeologist exca‘vation excavate (unearth) Scoop ruins remains artifactpottery (potter) Porcelain [ˌpɔ:səlɪn] relic Rock painting antiqueantiquity [æn'tɪkwətɪ] skull Cranial ['kreɪnɪəl] Stone Age Bronze Age Iron AgeMesolithic [ˌmesəuˌliθik] Neolithic [ˌni:əˌlɪθɪk] Exhume [eks'hju:m] Paleoanthropology [ˌpeɪlɪəʊ'ænθrə'pɒlədʒɪ] Prehistoric ‘Primitive动物微生物Amino acid [əˌmi:nəʊˌæsɪd] 氨基酸Antibody 抗体Bacterium 细菌Biological agency 生物能因Calcium钙Carbohydrate 碳水化合物Carbon dioxide 二氧化碳Cell细胞Chromosome 染色体Disinfection 消毒’Enzymes 酶Fatigue 疲惫Fermen‘tation 发酵Fungus 菌类Gene基因Genetic engineering 基因工程学Glucose ['ɡlu:kəʊs] 葡萄糖Immu’nology免疫学Incubation 孵蛋Inflection传染Malaria 疟疾Microbe 微生物Nucleus 细胞核One-celled单细胞的Oxidation氧化Para‘sitic animal 寄生动物Parasite disease 寄生虫病Parasitology [ˌpærəsɪ'tɒlədʒɪ]寄生虫学Pathogen [ˌpæθədʒən] 病菌，病原体Protozoa [prəutəuˌzəuə原生动物Sanitation 卫生Schistosomiaisis [ˌʃɪstəsəʊ'maɪəsɪs] 血吸虫病Starch 淀粉Sterilization 消毒Toxin 毒素Vaccine 疫苗Virus 病毒Yeast 酵母endotherm n.['endəθɜ:m] 温血动物,恒温动物poikilotherm n. [pɔɪ'kɪləˌθəm] 冷血动物beak 鸟嘴secretion(n.) [sɪˌkri:ʃn] secrete(v.) 分泌pancreas 胰腺odor 气味['əʊdə](还有aroma ，fragrance ，scent ，smell)gland 腺体‘chromosome 染色体植物botany植物学botanist 植物学家tundra苔原;冻土地带,冻原fungus(pl. fungi ) 菌类laurel 月桂（树），光荣，胜利chestnut tree 栗子树root 根branch 枝stem 茎algae(pl. alga) 海藻['ældʒi:]’organism 有机物birch tree (bark) 桦树crops 谷物corn 玉米maize 玉米chlorophyll [ˌklɒrəfɪl] 叶绿素amino acids 氨基酸nitrogen 氮photosynthetic(adj.) photosynthesis(n.) 光合作用lichen 地衣,苔藓squash 南瓜one of a group of large vegetables with solid flesh and hard skins, such as PUMPKINsbean 豆类植物nectar花蜜flower花floral 花的，植物的petal 花瓣bloom 开花blossom 开花pollen花粉moss 苔藓herbicide 除草剂herb 草本植物herbivorous [hɜ:'bɪvərəs] 食草的classification 分类hierarchy 级别hazardous 有毒害的Meteorology [ˌmi:tɪə'rɒlədʒɪ] 气象meteorologist 气象学家forecast (predict) 预报climate 气候atmosphere 大气层troposphere 对流层Convection 对流Stratosphere [ˌstrætəsfɪə(r)] 同温层，平流层；高塔酒店Barometer [bəˌrɒmɪtə(r)] 气压计current （气）流vapor 蒸汽evaporate 蒸发damp (wet; moist; humid) 潮湿的humidity 湿度moisture 潮湿；水分saturate 饱和absorb 吸收dew 露frost 霜fog (mist) 雾smog 烟雾droplet 小水珠condense 浓缩crystal 水晶体downpour (to‘rrential rain) 大雨‘tempest (storm) 暴风雨drizzle 细雨shower 阵雨hail 冰雹blizzard (snowstorm) 暴风雪avalanche[ˌævəˌlæntʃ] (snowslide) 雪崩precipitation [prɪˌsɪpɪˌteɪʃn] （雨、露、雪等）降水，降水量Thunder 雷Lightening 闪电breeze 微风Blast 大风gale 大风whirlwind 旋风Cyclone 旋风，飓风typhoon 台风hurricane 飓风Monsoon [ˌmɒnˌsu:n]季风，季雨Sandstorm沙尘暴Dust storm沙尘暴tornado (twister, cyclone) 龙卷风Tropical depression热带低气压Wind direction 风向Wind velocity 风速Wind scale 风力funnel 漏斗，漏斗云cumulonimbus [ˌkju:mələʊˌnɪmbəs] 积雨云disaster (calamity, catastrophe) 灾难devastation 破坏submerge 淹没overwhelm v. 淹没drought 干旱Balmy 温和的Chilly寒冷的Frigid僵硬的，严格的Heat-wave热浪Tepid adj.微温的环保environmental protection 环境保护environmentally-friendly 环保的preserve v.保护，保存pollute, pollution, pollutant 污染（物）contaminant n.污染物contaminate v.污染ecosystem [ˌi:kəʊsɪstəm] 生态系统ecology n.生态学antiseptic adj.防腐的atmospheric pollution大气污染垃圾: rubbish, garbage, trash, waste, litter处理: dispose of, burn, bury (landfill),recycle, reduce, reuse,dump回收:glass, paper, water, milk carton牛奶盒, tyre,aluminium cans铝罐,plastic bags, rubbish bagsbiodegradable packaging可降解包装,throwaway 可丢弃的disposable 可丢弃的discourage v. 不鼓励燃料none-renewable 不可再生的fossil fuels矿石燃料:natural gas, coal, petroleumlimited/finite natural resources 有限的自然资源alternative energy替代能源,replace=substitute v.取代wind power, hydropower水电,solar (lunar) power太阳能,nuclear power核能radioactivity n. 辐射性use up, deplete, exhaust v. 用光，耗尽conserve v. 节省，节约,污染: water pollution, air pollution,soil pollution土壤污染,noise pollutionsoil erosion 土壤侵蚀soil pollution土壤污染stain n.污染，污点，玷污stink v.发出臭味tar n.焦油toxic chemical 有毒的化学物品fume n.烟，气味light pollution日光污染refuse废物sewage污水pesticide n.杀虫剂chemical waste化学废料congest v.使充满危害动物:poaching非法打猎，盗猎,damage natural habitat破坏自然栖息地,rare breed稀有物种,endangered species濒危物种,extinct adj.灭绝(die out, disappear), animal rights activist动物权益保护者, natural reserve(giant panda大熊猫)自然保护区,protect wild life保护野生动物,preserve v.保护disastrous灾难性的, devastation破坏,have disastrous effect on…对。
托福听力对话场景高频词汇
PART 1托福听力对话场景高频词汇校园设施类：dormitory 口.宿舍auditorium=lecture hall n.会堂，礼堂computer lab 计算实验室, 机房dining hall=canteen=refectory食堂；cafeteria.自助餐厅administration building 行政大楼main building 主楼wing/annex 配楼teaching building 教学楼enrollment 登记，注册opening ceremony n.开业典礼，仪式commencement ceremony毕业典礼convocation.正式会议（可指简单的毕业典礼）orientation meeting开学说明会staff n.全体职员freshman （大学）一年级学生sophomore （大学）二年级学生junior （大学）三年级学生senior （大学）四年级学生tuition, fee费用placement test开学测试excellent出色的average平均的,一般的below average低于平均水平的，差的校园人员类：university- president 大学，校长chancellor 名誉校长college 学院school 学院graduate/grad school研究生院dean 院长principal 中学校长professor 教授associate professor 副教授assistant professor 助理教授coordinator 班主任，协调人counselor辅导员advisor指导老师instructor讲师tutor个人辅导supervisor 管理人undergraduate 本科graduate 研究生custodian管理人faculty教工，系receptionist前台接待员registrar课程注册员教授lecturer = instructor 讲师teaching assistant = TA 助教research assistant = RA 助研counselor, adviser 咨询者，顾问president 大学校长teacher/faculty 教师student's advisor 学生顾问physicist 物理学家mathematician 数学家chemist化学家historian 历史学家statistician 统计学家学科类：学科major主修minor 副修science 理科,arts 文科,engineering 工科Mathematics 数学physics 物理chemistry 化学biology 生物学geography 地理学electronics 电子学computer science 计算机科学astronomy 天文学electronics engineering 电子工程学botany 植物学psychology 心理学zoology 动物学architecture 建筑学oceanography 海洋学ecology 生态学medical science 医学archaeology 考古学history 历史学linguistics 语言学pedagogies 教育学，教学法anthropology 人类学economics 经济学statistics 统计学accounting 会计学philosophy 哲学类型required> compulsory course 必修课selective/optional course 选修课elective course 选修课lecture 讲座discussion讨论会seminar高级研讨性课colloquium n.报告课tutorial 个人辅导课程workshop专题课程,讨论会级别Introductory入门级elementary, fundamental 初级Intermediate, secondary 中级Advanced 高级Prerequisite先修课程，必要前提上课：Attend class上课Miss class缺课Skip class逃课Syllabus教学大纲Required textbook要求的课本Attendance出勤Grading system 打分体系Class participation 课堂参与semester/term 学期quarter 小学期course guideline 课程纲要major 主修minor 副修exemption 免修syllabus教学大纲Professor's signa^U S e的签字（用于注册课程）Course cap 课程容量（可以招收的学生数），openings （可供注册的名额）Take 选（课）,drop 退（课）Late registration 晚注册作业类:assignment= homework = coursework = schoolwork 作业lab report 实验报告book report 读书报告project 作业presentation 发言term paper 学期论文（research paper） thesis/essay/dissertation 论文journal 学术期干刊social investigation 社会调查survey 调查questionnaire n.调查表，问卷observation n. 观察interview v./n.采访，面试collect data收集数据broad （论文等）内容宽泛narrow down （论文等）缩小范围source （写论文的）参考资料critical thinking 评判性思维lack your own ideas缺少自己的想法deadline n.最终期限extension 延期due date/time 期限outline n.大纲，提纲（roadmap）bibliography n 书目，参考书目reference 参考plagiarism n.抄袭revise v.修改rewrite v.重写final draft 完成稿speech n.演讲presentation 演讲，陈述eye contact 目光接触intonation 音调考试类:mid-term exam 期中考final exams = finals 期末考cumulative final 总结性考试take-home exam（拿回家的开卷考试，一般有限定的时间）open-book exam开卷考试subjective test主观性测试objective test客观性测试pop quiz抽查式测验blue book 答题本assessment n 估价appraisal n.评价，估价make up for 补考，resit=retake 重考grade=mark =$3区分数perfect grade 优异成绩low grade 低分high mark 高分passing grade 及格分failing grade 不及格分full marks 满分straight A's 全A be all A's and B's 全是A和B B plus B 力口A minus A 减pass the exam with flying colors 以优异成绩通过考试graduate with honors 以荣誉毕业diploma, degree, certificate 文凭，学位，证书reference letter/recommendation letter 推荐信，Certification 认证，qualification 资格， qualified 合格的Resume, CV financial aid 经济援助ScholarshipFellowship Teaching assistantship 助教奖学金Research assistantship 研究奖学金Grant助学金Loan贷款Need-based以需求为基础Merit-based以优秀为基础Student union学生会Clubs俱乐部Membership成员资格Career service图书馆类:library图书馆librarian图书管理员publication出版物periodical期刊magazine 杂志book catalogue 图书目录classified catalogue 分类目录bibliography参考书目title index书目索引alphabetic index按字母顺序排列的索引circulation desk借书处reserved books馆藏书（只能在图书馆内借阅）library card 借书证overdue fine 过期罚金periodical reading room 期刊阅览室online journal在线期刊video tape录像带back issue过期杂志current issue近期杂志archive档案non-fiction非小说类文学作品science-fiction科幻小说copier复印机check out办理（借、还）手续renew续借overdue过期interlibrary service 馆际服务部分名称information desk n.服务台delivery/circulation desk 借书台shelf 口.书架photocopy room 复印室return area 还书处students locker学生存储间reference section参考书部住宿类：宿舍：accommodation n.住处，膳宿residence hall 宿舍suite 套间studio 工作室，独立套间village村落（校内一栋一栋的房子，可以用做宿舍）lounge n.公共大厅（可以用做娱乐）home-stay在国外住在房东家里的那种roommate同屋者，室友corridor n.走廊,过道，租房lease n.租借，租约landlord房东landlady 女房东rent 租金tenant 房客patio n.阳台，sliding door n.推拉门single room 单人房twin room 双人房two-bedroom apartment house key 房锁匙床上用品：pillow n.枕头bed linen n.床上用品sheet n.被单mattress n.床垫blanket 口.毯子towel 口.手巾，毛巾quilt n.棉被electric appliance（instrument; equipment）电器heater, furnace 力口热器,炉子heating unit 暖气片air conditioner 空调设备stove 炉子microwave oven 微波炉washer / dryer 洗衣机/烘干机（laundry洗衣店）utensil器皿;用具kitchen utensil炊具oven烤箱；烤炉range煤气灶dishwasher 洗碟机washing machine 洗衣机（hot-water） heater 热水器coffeepot 咖啡壶refrigerator （freezer）冰箱vacuum cleaner 吸尘器tape player 录音机CD player CD 机Laundromat 自动洗衣店maintenance 维修，保养bookshelf书架bookcase书柜couch沙发chest柜子;橱;箱子dresser （bureau）梳妆台cabinet （电视机等）机箱;储藏柜；陈列柜cupboard （closet）碗橱storage wall 壁橱rug 小地毯carpet 地毯curtain 窗帘bathtub 浴缸fixture （房屋）固定装置furnishings室内陈设personalpossessions/property/belongings 个人财产get insurance forpossessions/property/belongs garbage/rubbish/waste n.垃圾dispose v. 处理gas meter 煤气表insect n.昆虫burglar n.夜贼leaking/leakage n.泄漏lost key 丢钥匙break in闯入PART 2托福听力学术讲座高频词汇文学pose 散文diary 日记autobiography 传记editorial 社论narrative prose 叙述性descriptive prose 描写性essay 随笔poetry 诗歌ballad 民谣lullaby 催眠曲fiction 小说allegory寓言fairy tale童话legend传说proverb谚语model人物原型leading character 主人公main plot 主要情节prelude 序曲prologue 序言epilogue 尾声literary criticism 文学批评literary studies 文学研究schools of literature 文学流派comparative literature 比较文学realism 现实主义surrealism 超现实主义futurism 未来主义modernism现代主义aestheticism唯美主义音乐musical instrument 乐器orchestra （管弦）乐队shook rattle 摇拨浪鼓pound dru 击鼓 foot beat 跺脚note 音符score 乐谱movement 乐章fanatical 狂热的hillbilly music 乡村音乐folk music 民间音乐pop music 流行音乐classical music 古典音乐Jazz 爵士乐symphony 交响乐rock and roll 摇滚乐band music / wind music 管乐string弦乐violin小提琴viola中提琴cello大提琴harp竖琴horn号；喇叭clarinet 单簧管oboe双簧管keyboard instrument键盘乐器percussion震荡/打击乐器vocal music声乐concerto协奏曲sonata奏鸣曲serenade小夜曲solo独奏/独唱duet二重唱conducting 指挥podium 指挥台accompaniment 伴奏quality 音质volume 音量chord和弦harmony和声rest休止time节拍lullaby催眠曲prelude序曲epilogue 尾声建筑architecture建筑学architect建筑学家construct结构wing辐楼/侧楼design设计elevator 电梯skyscraper 摩天大楼design element 设计元素log structure 原木结构cabin 小木屋beam 梁prototype 原型building technique 建筑工艺new material 新材料metal-frame 金属结构repair person 修理工planetarium 天文馆aquarium 水族馆archives 档案馆office building 写字楼cathedral 大教堂mosque 清真寺the statue of liberty自由女神像the triumphal arch凯旋门sphinx狮身人面像pyramid金字塔castle城堡美术fine arts 美术oil painting 油画water color 水彩画tempera 蛋彩画sketch 速写/素描pastel 彩色蜡笔画poster 海报/招贴画charcoal drawing 木炭画mural painting / fresco 壁画engraving 版画lithograph 石板画landscape painting 风景画still life 静物画portrait肖像画caricature漫画pigment颜色，色素canvas油画布brush画笔drawing board 画板perspective 透视画法original 原作copy 临本reproduction / replica 复制品genuine 真的fake 假的gallery 美术馆autograph 真迹panorama 全景画calligraphy 书法paste 裱糊impressionistic style 印象派风格framing 装框sculpture雕塑sculptor雕塑家figurine小雕像bust半身雕塑像statue塑像animator 漫画家人类学artist艺术家choreographer舞蹈编排家critic批评家satirist讽刺作家inventor发明家biographer自传作家sculptor雕塑家feminist女权主义者humanitarian人道主义者imagist意象派诗人philanthropist慈善家proprietor业主mortal犯人precursor 先驱figurehead 名誉领袖disciple 学徒apprentice 学徒mechanic 机械工minimalist 简单抽象派艺术家avant-garde前卫派territory领域genre风格/体裁eccentric古怪的odd怪诞的/奇数的erratic奇怪的weird怪异的/不可思议的romantic浪漫的innocent天真的/无罪的lovelorn相思病苦的emotional情绪的/情感的sentimental 感伤的/多愁善感的cheerless无精打采的/无生命力的patriarchal 家长的/族长的rigid僵化的spare简朴的clumsy笨拙的zigzag曲折的contemporary 当代的acclaimed受欢迎的preeminent杰出的versatile （人）多才多艺的/ （物）多功能的household家庭的/家喻户晓的genuine真正的authentic逼真的/原汁原味的symbolic象征性的immortal不朽的/神nostalgia怀旧主义/思乡emotive感人的prodigious 巨大的classic 经典的posthumous心理学infant婴儿kid儿童teenager十三至十九岁的人young people年轻人adult 成年人old people/the aged/elderly people /senior citizens 老年人mature 成熟的majority多数人minority少数人conformity从众，一致individual个体，个人self-reliance 依靠自己,自立behaviour 行为，举止behaviorism 行为主义psychoanalysis.精神分析egocentric自我中心的;利己主义的mental心理的founder创始人Archimedes.阿基米德Plato柏拉图mental process思维过程thought 思想,想法cognition 认识cognitive capacity 认知能力motor 运动motivation动机;积极性;推动intention意图,目的intuitive直觉的hypotheses 假定，假说conscience道德心，良心virtuous善良的;有道德的curiosity好奇心patriarchal家长的/族长的internal内部的external外部的;表面的optimism乐观;乐观主义generous慷慨的，大方identity身份;同一性fame名声，名望spiritual心灵的soul灵魂;心灵physical身体的，物质的,物理的habit习惯muscle肌肉sign language手语，符号语音throat喉咙，嗓子larynx =voice box 喉头subjective 主观的objective 客观的positive/negative electrode正/负电极maze迷宫questionnaire问卷subject受实验对象obsession困扰deaf聋的blind 盲abnormal反常的distracted心烦意乱的amnesia健忘症，记忆缺失动物学zoology 动物学Darwinism 达尔文学说natural selection 自然选择phylum 门class 纲order 目suborder 亚目family 科genus 属species 种invertebrate 无脊椎动物vertebrate 脊椎动物aquatic life 水生动物reptile 爬行动物amphibian/amphibious animal两栖动物protozoa原生动物rodent啮齿动物ruminant 反刍动物parasitic animal寄生动物primate灵长动物plankton浮游生物mollusk软体动物coelenterate 腔肠动物（如水母、海蜇、珊瑚等）herbivore食草动物mammal哺乳动物homotherm 恒温动物cold-blooded animal冷血动物poikilotherm 变温动物scavenger食腐动物carnivorous 食肉的herbivorous 食草的omnivorous 杂食的bird 鸟类camouflage 伪装hibernate 冬眠；蛰伏regeneration 再生predatory / carnivore 食肉的predator 捕食者prey捕食hordes/swarms （昆虫等）群flock （牛、羊等）群community动物的群落或人的部落population种群herd 兽群hygiene卫生sanitation公共卫生；卫生设施monogamous 一夫一妻的/一雌一雄的polygamous 一夫多妻的/一雄多雌的polyandrous 一妻多夫的/一雌多雄的nomadic游牧的；流浪的trapper诱捕动物者niche小生态环境vestige退化器fertilizer使受精metabolism新陈代谢breed（名词）品种；（动词）繁殖multiply / reproduce繁殖spawn （鱼、虾、蛙等）孵anatomy 解剖学appetite 食欲creature 生物scales 鳞feathers 羽毛armor 甲spinal cord 脊椎digestive system 消化系统excretory system 排泄系统reproductive system 生殖系统circulatory system 循环系统respiratory system 呼吸系统hormonal system 内分泌系统digestive duct 消化管esophagus 食管stomach 胃small intestine 小肠large intestine 大肠anus 肛门digestive gland 消化腺salivary gland 唾液腺liver 肝gallbladder 胆pancreas 胰squirrel 松鼠marten 貂bat 蝙蝠squeak （老鼠等）吱吱otter水獭antelope羚羊gorilla大猩猩chimpanzee黑猩猩baboon狒狒hyena鬣狗moose 驼鹿beaver 海狸elk 麋鹿reindeer 驯鹿giraffe 长颈鹿rhinoceros 犀牛hippo 河马sloth树懒slothful懒惰的frog青蛙tadpole蝌蚪salamander蝾螈scorpion 蝎子turtle 龟lizard 蜥蜴chameleon 变色龙caymen / crocodile 鳄鱼centipede 蜈蚣robin知更鸟owl猫头鹰barnacle北极鹅penguin企鹅canary金丝雀chirp （鸟、虫的叫声）vulture 秃鹫crane 鹤stork 鹳ptarmigan 雷鸟migrate 迁移plumage 羽体camouflage伪装wing翅膀bill （鸟）嘴beak （鹰等的）嘴insect昆虫wasp 黄蜂hornet大黄蜂spider蜘蛛pest害虫worm虫/蠕虫cicada蝉mantis螳螂cockroach 蟑螂earthworm 蚯蚓antenna / tentacle 触须larva幼虫jellyfish 水母nettle fish海蜇coral珊瑚dolphin海豚whale鲸鱼shrimp小虾prawn对虾lobster龙虾crab螃蟹mussel贻贝；蚌类clam蛤蜊oyster牡蛎sponge海绵starfish海星squid 鱿鱼；乌贼burro / octopus章鱼sole鳎；鳎目鱼plaice鲽，红斑比目鱼植物学botany 植物学botanical / botanic 植物学的horticulture 园艺学aquatic plant 水生植物parasite plant 寄生植物root 根canopy 树冠层/顶棚foliage / leaf 叶leaflet 小叶rosette（叶的）丛生stem 茎stalk 杆leafstalk 叶柄shoot / sprout 嫩芽/抽枝flower 花bud花蕾petal花瓣peel / skin果皮shell （硬）果壳husk （干）果壳/ （玉米）苞叶trunk树干bark树皮branch树枝bough大或者粗的树枝twig小树枝jungle丛林lawn草坪meadow草地/牧场prairie大草原mosses苔藓shrub / bush灌木cluster 一簇（灌木）fern蕨类植物horsetails木贼类植物club mosses石松类植物herb草photosynthesis 光合作用chlorophyll 叶绿素symbiosis 共生symbiotic 共生的wither / shrivel / fade 凋谢blossom 花pollen 花粉pollinate 传授花粉petal 花瓣nectar 花蜜tissue 组织organ 器官system 系统seeds 种子everlasting 永久的crossbreed 杂交root pressure 根压bore 腔/肠cohesion-tension 凝聚压力column 花柱necrosis 坏死barren贫瘠的；不生育的futile无用的carbohydrate （starch）碳水化合物（淀粉）glucose 葡萄糖starch 淀粉fat 脂肪protein 蛋白质vitamin 维他命malnourished 营养不良的nutrition营养perennial多年一生的annual 一年一生的verdant绿油油的，嫩绿的，翠绿的evergreen常青树conifer tree针叶树larch 落叶松pine松树spruce云杉juniper刺柏；杜松sequoia红杉elm榆树walnut核桃树redwood红木树plum blossom 梅花orchid 兰花chrysanthemum 菊花water lily 荷花/莲花rhododendron杜鹃花rose玫瑰carnation康乃馨lily百合jasmine茉莉花helianthus / heliotrope / sunflower 向日葵camellia 茶花corn / maize / mealie 玉米pumpkin 南瓜tomato 番茄lettuce 莴苣cabbage 卷心菜wheat 小、麦rye 黑麦barley 大麦oats燕麦气象学meteorology 气象meteorologist 气象学家meteorological station 气象站forecast / predict 预报climate 气候atmosphere 大气层troposphere 对流层stratosphere 平流层mesosphere 中间层ionosphere 电离层exosphere 逸散层cold front 冷锋warm air mass热气团current（气）流moisture潮湿，水气spell某种天气持续一段时间vapor 蒸汽evaporate 蒸发damp / moist / humid 潮湿humidity 湿度moisture 潮湿/ 水分saturate 饱和dew 露frost 霜fog / mist 雾smog 烟雾droplet 小水condense 浓缩crystal 水晶体sheet （水、冰、雪的）一层downpour / torrential rain 大雨tempest（storm） / torrential rain 暴风雨drizzle 细雨shower 阵雨hail 冰雹blizzard / snowstorm 暴风雪avalanche / snow slide 雪崩precipitation （雨、露、雪等）降水thunder 雷breeze 微风sandstorm 沙暴monsoon 季风gale 大风whirlwind 旋风typhoon 台风hurricane 飓风tornado / twister / cyclone 龙卷风wind scale 风级tsunami / seismic sea wave 海啸tidal wave 潮汐；浪潮upper atmosphere 上层大气funnel 漏斗云disaster / calamity / catastrophe 灾难devastation 破坏submerge 淹没drought 旱灾convection 对流wind velocity 风速wind direction 风向long-range forecast 长期预报numerical weather prediction 数值天气预报nephanalysis 云层分析；卫星云图环境科学ecosystem生态系统balance of nature自然界生态平衡fauna动物群flora植物群rain forest 雨林food chain 食物链acid rain 酸雨greenhouse 温室效应infrared radiation红外线辐射ozone layer / ozonosphere 臭氧层ultraviolet radiation 紫外辐射pollution control 污染控制air pollution 空气控制water pollution 水污染noxious / toxic 有毒的fumes （有毒的）废气waste废物solid waste固体废物sewage / wastewater 污水sewage purification 污水净化swage disposal 污水处理decibel（噪音）分贝fossil fuel 矿物燃料process of photo synthesis 光合作用solar energy 太阳能nonrenewable 不可再生的energy conservation 保护能源resource 资源energy source 能源资源tidal energy 潮汐能fuel-efficient 节能型的rush hour 高峰期zero emission 零辐射wildness 野生/天然preservation 保护atmosphere 大气carbon 碳dioxide 二氧化物burning of coal and oil 煤油燃烧global warming 全球变暖greenhouse effect 温室效应rise in sea level 海平面上升long-term climatic change 长期的气候变化environmental recycling center 再循环利用中心litter/trash garbage 垃圾pollutant 污染物desertification 沙漠化deforest 滥伐森林drought 干旱water shortage 水源缺乏offshore spillage 近海岸溢出carbon dioxide release 二氧化碳排放industrial sewage 工业污水recycling 再循环purify 净化deteriorate 恶化acid rain 酸雨sewage disposal 污水处理environment protection 环境保护ozone layer 臭氧层waste disposal废物处理emission （汽车废气的）排放soot烟尘El Nino厄尔尼诺现象地质学crust 地壳mantle 地幔core 地核continental crust 大陆地壳oceanic crust 海洋地壳layer / stratum 地层stratigraphy 地层学fault 断层fault plane 断层面fault zone 断层带rift / crack / split 断裂disintegration / decomposition 分解erosion 腐蚀fossil 化石igneous rock 火成岩sedimentary rock 沉积岩metamorphic rock 变质岩limeston 石灰岩granite 花岗岩marble 大理石lithosphere 岩石圈magma / molten lava岩浆quartz石英mineral矿物ore矿石deposit矿床rubble 碎石debris残骸platinum 白金/铂金silver 银copper 黄铜aluminum 铝tin 锡lead 铅zinc 锌nickel 镍mercury 汞/水银sodium钠gem 宝石diamond 钻石emerald 绿宝石ruby 红宝石glacier 冰川glacial 冰川的glacial epoch / age / period 冰川期glacial drift 冰渍moraines 冰碛iceberg 冰山volcano 火山active volcano 活火山extinct volcano 死火山dormant volcano 休眠火山（sloping） shield volcano 盾状火山（平缓）（steep-sided） cone volcano 锥状火山（陡峭）eruption 火山喷发crater 火山口caldera （开口较大的）火山口depression洼地，凹陷处；盆地lava火山岩浆volcanic dust 火山尘volcanic ash 火山灰geyser 间歇喷泉hot spring 温泉earthquake / quake / tremor / seism 地震seismic 地震的seismology 地震学magnitude 震级seismic intensity scale 震烈度seismic wave 地震波transverse wave 横波longitudinal wave 纵波epicenter 震中epicentral distance 震中距aftershock 余震cataclysm 灾变tsunami / tidal / force 海啸undersea landslide 海底山崩melt global warming全球逐渐变暖叫uifer 蓄水层swamp沼泽peat bog泥炭沼泽Great Canyon 大峡谷Nile River 尼罗河Colorado river科罗拉多河crumples zones 地质缓冲地带bedrock岩床bulge凸起物地理学hemisphere 半球meridian 子午线/ 经线parallel 平行圈latitude 纬线longitude经线/经度elevation海拔altitude高度/海拔horizon地平线equator赤道temperature latitudes 温带地区tropics 热带地区Arctic / the North Pole 北极Antarctic / Antarctica 南极the Antarctic Continent 南极洲the Antarctic Circle 南极圈the Arctic Circle 北极圈aurora 极光tropics of Cancer 北回归线tropics of Capricorn 南回归线international date line 国际日期变更线time difference 时差time zone 时区topography 地形/ 地形学plain 平原plateau / highland 高地lowland 低地basin 盆地oasis 绿洲enclave 飞地peak 山峰cordillera / ranges 山脉carven / cave 洞穴terrain 地域subterranean 地底下coastland 沿海地区coastline 海岸线watershed 分水岭upper reaches 上游lower reaches 下游tributary 支流deposit 沉积spring / fountain 泉水iceberg 冰山riverbed 河床gulf / bay 海湾waterfall 瀑布cascade小瀑布；喷流reef暗礁tide湖水torrent水的急流tropical rain forest热带雨林continental island 大陆岛volcanic island 火山岛coral island 珊瑚岛islet 小岛peninsular 半岛archipelago 群岛delta 三角洲landlocked area 内陆inland waterway 内陆河subcontinent 次大陆cliff 山崖valley 山谷hillside / mountain slope 山坡continental shelf 大陆架canyon / gorge 峡谷channel / strait 海峡remote-sensing 遥感的terrestrial 地球的/陆地的terrestrial heat / geothermal 地热terrestrial magnetism 地磁continental drift 大陆漂移学sea-floor spreading 海床扩展evaporation 蒸发salinity 含盐度ocean bottom 海床sediment 沉积物tropical 热带的temperate温带的frigid寒带的frost heaving冻胀现象tundra苔原，冻原fieldstone 卵石the Mediterranean Sea 地中海the primeval forest 原始森林Scandinavia斯堪的纳维亚（半岛）（瑞典、挪威、丹麦、冰岛的泛称为。
托福听力对话场景词汇
新托福IBT对话场景dormitory n.宿舍入学：auditorium n.会堂, 礼堂=lecture hall enrollment 登记, 注册assembly n集.合,集会hallopening ceremony n开.业典礼, 仪式computer lab 计算实验室，机房commencement ceremony毕业典礼dining hall 食堂convocation n.正式会议〔可指简单的毕选课业典礼〕学科orientation meeting开学说明会major 主修minor 副修staff n.全体职员science理科, arts文科, engineering 工freshman 〔大学〕一年级学生科sophomore 〔大学〕二年级学生Mathematics 数学junior 〔大学〕三年级学生physics 物理senior 〔大学〕四年级学生chemistry 化学tuition, fee 费用biology 生物学placement test开学测试geography 地理学excellent 出色的electronics 电子学average 平均的，一般的computer science计算机科学below average 低于平均水平的，差的astronomy 天文学构造及称谓: electronics engineering 电子工程学university- president 大学，校长botany 植物学chancellor 名誉校长psychology 心理学college 学院zoology 动物学school 学院architecture 建筑学dean 院长oceanography 海洋学principal 中学校长ecology 生态学professor 教授medical science 医学associate professor副教授archaeology 考古学assistant professor助理教授history 历史学coordinator 班主任，协调人linguistics 语言学counselor 辅导员pedagogies 教育学，教学法advisor 指导教师anthropology 人类学instructor 讲师economics 经济学tutor 个人辅导statistics 统计学supervisor 管理人accounting 会计学undergraduate本科philosophy 哲学graduate 研究生类型建筑物buildings: required、compulsory course 必修课canteen餐.厅selective/optional course选修课cafeteria.自助餐厅elective course 选修课administration building 行政大楼lecture 讲座main building 主楼seminar 高级研讨性课wing/annex 配楼colloquium n.报告课teaching building 教学楼tutorial 个人辅导课程1workshop 专题课程historian 历史学家级别statistician 统计学家Introductory 入门级elementary, fundamental初级作业：Intermediate, secondary中级assignment 作业Advanced 高级homework = coursework = schoolwork Prerequisite 先修课程= studies 作业上课：lab report 实验报告Attend class 上课book report 读书报告Miss class 缺课project 作业Skip class逃课presentation 发言Syllabus 教学大纲term paper 学期论文〔research pape〕r Required textbook 要求的课本thesis/essay/dissertation论文Attendance 出勤journal 学术期刊Grading system 打分体系social investigation 社会调查Class participation 课堂参与survey 调查questionnaire n.调查表, 问卷杂observation n.观察semester/term学期quarter小学期interview vt.n.采访course guideline 课程纲要collect data 收集数据major 主修broad (论文等)内容广泛minor 副修narrow down (论文等)缩小X围exemption 免修source 〔写论文的〕参考资料syllabus 教学大纲critical thinking 评判性思维Professor ’s signat教u re授的签字〔用于lack your own ideas缺少自己的想法注册课程〕deadline n.最终期限Course cap课程容量〔可以招收的学生extension 延期数〕, due date/time期限openings 〔可供注册的名额〕outline n.大纲, 提纲(roadmap)Take选〔课〕, drop 退〔课〕bibliography n 书目, 参考书目Late registration晚注册reference 参考Deregistration 注销plagiarism n. 抄袭教师称号revise v. 修改professor 教授rewrite v. 重写lecturer = instructor 讲师final draft 完成稿teaching assistant = TA助教speech n演.讲research assistant = RA助研presentation 演讲，陈述counselor, adviser咨询者，参谋eye contact 目光接触president 大学校长intonation 音调teacher/faculty 教师student's advisor 学生参谋考试：physicist 物理学家mid-term exam 期中考mathematician 数学家final exams = finals 期末考chemist 化学家cumulative final 总结性考试2WORD格式take-home exam〔拿回家的开卷考试，circulation desk 借书处一般有限定的时间〕reserved books馆藏书〔只能在图书馆open-book exam 开卷考试内借阅〕subjective test 主观性测试library card 借书证objective test 客观性测试overdue fine 过期罚金pop quiz 抽查式测验periodical reading room 期刊阅览室blue book 答题本online journal 在线期刊assessment n估价video tape 录像带appraisal n评.价, 估价back issue 过期杂志make up for补考, current issue 近期杂志resit, retake重考archive 档案grade 〔mark 、score〕分数non-fiction 非小说类文学作品science-fiction 科幻小说成绩：copier 复印机perfect grade 优异成绩check out 办理〔借、还〕手续low grade 低分renew 续借high mark 高分overdue过期passing grade及格分interlibrary service 馆际效劳failing grade 不及格分局部名称full marks 总分值information desk n.效劳台straight A's 全A delivery/circulation desk 借书台be all A's and B's 全是A 和B shelf n.书架B plus B 加photocopy room复印室A minus A 减return area 还书处pass the iexam with flying colors 以优students locker 学生存储间异成绩通过考试reference section参考书部graduate with honors 以荣誉毕业科研过程diploma, degree, certificate 文凭，学Hypothesis位，证书Alternative hypothesis择一假说考试问题：分析成绩低的原因，给出Null hypothesis 无效假说, 零假说解决方法Collect dataSurvey, questionnaire图书馆：Experimentlibrary 图书馆Interfere, influencelibrarian 图书管理员Observationpublication 出版物Analyze dataperiodical 期刊Interpret datamagazine 杂志Analysisbook catalogue 图书目录Analyticalclassified catalogue 分类目录Subjectbibliography 参考书目Sampletitle index 书目索引Treatment groupalphabetic index 按字母顺序排列的索Non-treatment引Control group3tenant 房客校内工作，课外活动patio n.阳台，sliding door n.推拉门及寻找经济援助：single room 单人房Letter of reference/recommendation twin room 双人房Competitive two-bedroom apartmentBenefit future career house key 房锁匙Field research 床上用品: Collect data for paperspillow n. 枕头Waiter, waitress，Babysitter bed linen n. 床上用品Work at the library sheet n. 被单Qualification 资格, qualified 合格的mattress n床.垫Resume, CV blanket n.毯子financial aid 经济援助towel n.手巾, 毛巾Scholarship Fellowship quilt n.棉被Teaching assistantship助教奖学金Research assistantship研究奖学金电器类Grant 助学金electric appliance(instrument; Loan 贷款equipment) 电器Need-based以需求为根底heater, furnace加热器，炉子Merit-based 以优秀为根底heating unit 暖气片Student union 学生会air conditioner 空调设备Clubs 俱乐部stove 炉子Membership 成员资格microwave oven 微波炉Career service washer / dryer 洗衣机/烘干机〔laundry 洗衣店〕住宿：utensil 器皿；用具宿舍：kitchen utensil 炊具accommodation n住.处, 膳宿oven 烤箱；烤炉residence hall宿舍range 煤气灶suite 套间dishwasher 洗碟机studio 工作室，独立套间washing machine 洗衣机village 村落〔校内一栋一栋的房子，(hot-water) heater 热水器可以用做宿舍〕coffeepot 咖啡壶lounge n.公共大厅〔可以用做娱乐〕refrigerator (freezer) 冰箱home-stay 在国外住在房东家里的那vacuum cleaner 吸尘器种tape player 录音机roommate同屋者,室友CD player CD 机corridor n. 走廊,过道，Laundromat 自动洗衣店maintenance 维修，保养租房家具类lease n租.借, 租约furniture 家具landlord 房东bookshelf 书架landlady 女房东bookcase 书柜rent 租金couch 沙发4WORD格式chest 柜子；橱；箱子dresser (bureau)梳妆台cabinet (电视机等)机箱；储藏柜；陈列柜cupboard (closet) 碗橱storage wall 壁橱rug 小地毯carpet 地毯curtain 窗帘bathtub 浴缸fixture 〔房屋〕固定装置furnishings 室内陈设日常生活/问题:personalpossessions/property/belongings个人财产get insurance for personalpossessions/property/belongsgarbage/rubbish/waste n垃. 圾dispose v. 处理gas meter煤气表insect n.昆虫burglar n.夜贼leaking/leakage n. 泄漏lost key 丢钥匙break in 闯入5WORD格式6。
新托福听力场景词汇
CONVERSATION1. 课程相关事务场景♦D iscussion讨论, presentation 发言topic题目, lecture演讲slide滑过,幻灯片library图书馆, collection聚集,收藏品,check in 报到，记录check out借，结账离开librarian图书管理员♦R eport报道, office hour办公时间，师生互动时间, submit上交on disk在磁盘上hard copy纸质版, soft copy电子文件, print打印, computer lab电脑室♦P roject课题，理科生作业tons of大量, cover 包括，写过，报导re-write 重写, research data研究数据database数据库, input输入output输出, , complete完成♦T erm paper,期末论文grade成绩, complicated复杂的, terrible mistake严重的错误, edited version编辑过的版本, overtired过于劳累的, rushing against the clock争分夺秒, mark标记，成绩, draft草稿, print打印, final paper,期末论文maintaining average维持平均, application申请, drop放弃re-take再上一遍, extension延期, discuss讨论, check back查阅记录, re-reading重读, submission服从，提交（物），投降♦e xam schedule考试日程表, term术语,学期（mid-term期中考试）, date日期, book,预定department部门,系, invigilator监考人, sign up注册, sheet纸张,单bulletin board公告栏faculty lounge老师休息室, square广场, draft,草稿dean院系主任, review复习，评论, draw up起草, manually用手，手动的, consult商量，请教, register登记♦P hysiology 生理学, sophomore大二学生, junior student大三学生，senior student 大四学生，second year course大二课程, first year student一年级学生, transfer转学, begin my first lecture开始我的第一堂讲课, introduce介绍, approach接近,方法, laws of physics and chemistry物理和化学定理, process of life生命的过程, vital force生命力, philosophical approach哲学方法, scientific experimentation科学实验♦F inal exam期末考试, midterm期中考试, multiple choice question多选题, essay question问答题,论述题comprehensive exam综合题, subject科目, textbook教科书, class note课堂笔记the final will count for 50% of your grade期末成绩将占你总成绩的50%，research project研究科目, run into problems遭遇问题♦S chool bulletin board学校公告栏, required course 必修课，first year student一年级学生, third year student3年级学生, research paper研究论文, final format最终格式, hand in上交, assignment作业, final grade期末成绩♦different concept不同的观念, hand in上交, issue发出,发行,问题revision 修正，复习, proposed topics所推荐的题目make comment作出评论the most frequent problem很多频繁的问题, broad宽的, preliminary outline最初的纲要, schedule时间表, available可利用的, appointment约定, final outline 最终的大纲, no more than two pages long不超过2个页长，thesis statement 论文观点, precise statement明确的观点, conclusion结论♦W orkshop研讨会, intensive加强的, techniques and skills技术和技能, personal attention 个人的注意力, advantage优势♦C onsecutive summer接下来的夏季, community center社区中心, workshop 研讨会, beginning students初学生, advanced students高学生, last four weeks前四个星期, credit（学分,积分）is awarded给予学分, spring break 美国各大学的春季休息，春假♦D iscuss讨论, administer管理, attendance出席, optional class选修课2. 相关事务+专业讨论场景♦C ourse课程, summer session暑假课程, elective n.选修课程, bird course容易的课程, splendor光彩，显赫, lecture hall,演讲厅lab实验室, tough decision艰难的问题, pick选择,挖, choose选择, relaxed放松, advice劝告♦E nquiry询问, credit course学分课程, off-campus在校外, program课程, remote远程, access使用,进入, internet因特网, degree学位distance education远程教育, diploma毕业证书, requirement要求, format格式, printed materials打印材料, audio-tapes磁带, video视频, teleconferencing 电话对话的, deliver投递, cost花费, fixed date固定日期, history历史，历史学♦D rop降低,退（课）fail,不及格flunk不及格math 数学, rough粗糙的, test,试验med school医学院♦U se your advice使用你的建议, premed医学预科生, introductory course介绍课程, non-science major主修科学, be weak in在某一方面是弱项, do poorly in在某些方面较弱, meet at the same time遇见在同一时间, modern drama course现代戏剧课程♦S emester学期, enroll in登记, 注册graduate course研究生课程, qualified 有资格的, hard time keeping up有困难跟上, favorite interest喜欢的兴趣, challenging反对，挑战的，要求, easy grade 容易混学分的课程♦P ermission to register允许注册, take the prerequisite先决条件, the beginning course课程开始, catalog目录, instructor教员，指导书, previous experience以前的经验, formal training正式的培训, decision决定♦S ignature信号，签名, schedule card选课卡, advisor’s approval导师赞同, quite a heavy load相当沉重的负担, drop the course放弃课程, seminar讨论会♦S ign up for a noncredit course报名没有学分的课程, intermediate level中级的水平, regular meeting定期的会议♦T ransfer转学, bachelor’s degree学士学位, associate degree, selectives选择性的, letters of recommendation推荐信♦H ard course艰难的进程rehearsal练习，训练, extra time额外的时间, once a week一星期一次♦F light program飞行计划，license执照, excellent reputation极好的声望3. 迟到旷课场景♦f eel good感觉好, point out指出, chapter章，回textbook课本, divide分开, project课题, focus重点, due到期的show up显示出, transcribe抄写，email电子信函♦o versleep睡过头, talk about谈论关于♦l ecture series讲座系列, attend出席，照顾，致力于, admission允许,录取♦f ill me in something: to tell sb about recent events,esp because they havebeen away from a place♦e g. You’d better fill me in on what’s been happening.dentist牙科医生, emergency紧急情况，非常时刻, missed somebody’s lecture错过某人的演讲, note笔记，记录，注意, make sense能说的通sense of humor/achievement/responsibility幽默感/成就感/责任感4. 转学场景♦g rad school 研究生院，public university公立的大学, private university私人的大学, community college社区学院, reputation名声class size班级大小, personal attention个人注意力, individual attention特别, interact互相影响, group discussion讨论团体, tuition学费，讲授, expense消费，开支, cost 花费, afford提供, affordable负担的起, location位置, environment环境, large city大城市, small town小城镇, college town学院城镇, top student顶尖学生, application申请，应用, experience经历，经验, special特别的，专车，特刊5. 实验室场景♦L aboratory实验室, research procedure研究程序, lab assistant实验室助手, retrieve information恢复信息, track the course追踪进程, monitor班长，监控，监视器, track the progress跟踪进度♦L ab instructor实验室教员, lab experience实验室经验, setup计划，设置，机构, equipment设备, result结果，产生, grade成绩, lab notebook实验室手册, proper precautions预先措施, protective goggles护目镜, toxic effect of chemicals化学品有毒的影响, lab procedure实验室程序, heavy metal重金属♦W orkbook工作手册，练习本, material重要的，材料, experiment尝试, available可利用的，有效的6. 图书馆场景♦L ibrary图书馆, spread out伸展出去, focus焦点, jam拥挤，果酱, spot地点，认出，恰巧, crowd人群，拥挤, comfy舒服的，轻松的,comfirm证实，far away 遥远的♦f inish完成，结束, renew更新，重申,renew a book续借, library card图书馆卡, late最近的，晚的；晚, mixed up使混合, request请求, fine罚款, overdue 过期的, pay工资，付, process处理，过程, sign符号，签名, suspend推迟，使暂停, privilege优待borrowing privilege借书特权(延长借书的时间)♦L ibrarian图书管理员, facilities设备, reference room资料室, reference material参考资料, dictionary字典, bibliography参考书目, literature guide文学指南, telephone book电话本, periodical room期刊室, newspaper报纸, magazine杂志, academic journal学术期刊, current issue现期刊物, back issue过期发行物, card catalog卡片目录, listed by title通过标题列出, by author and by topic依据作家和题目, call number电话号码♦R eturn返回，报答, shelves架子,check out借, reserve book预定书籍, overnight use 只出借一夜（的书）♦s econdhand bookstore二手书的书店, inscription题词，刻印, front cover封面，机壳前盖, signature签名，信号, poetry book诗卷♦p aperback section平装部分, index索引搜索♦e xit gate大门出口reserve预订，储备, additional copy额外的副本, article 物品，文章7. 课堂内容讨论场景♦b ursary大学奖学金，财务办公室, department部门，系, financial aid财政的援助, monetary财政的, grant授予，同意, determine决定, committee委员会, donor捐赠者, apply for申请，请求, financially金融上, in need在需要, consider认为, out-of-town城外的, requirement要求, website网站, on-line 上线, official官方的，官员, document文件, in person亲自，外貌上♦S cholarship学问，奖学金, available可利用的，有效的, maintain维持, average平均的, mark标记, apply for申请，请求, applicant申请人, committee委员会, honor信用，荣誉, award奖品, candidate候选人, weight 重量, guarantee担保, grade point average (GPA)平均分数, percent百分比, website网站, address地址, rigorous严格的, extra-curricular课外, hardship 困苦, achievement成就，完成, letter of recommendation推荐信, fill满足，被充满, time consuming job耗时的工作, recommend推荐, eligibility合格，适任, enrollment入学，注册8. 论文场景♦O rganize组织, essay小论文topic题目, chosen选择，精选的, broad宽的, narrow it down沿着狭窄的, compare比较, focused专心的，聚焦, interested 感兴趣的, begin开始，首先, discussion讨论, opinion意见，主张, fact实际, support支持, check检查, statistics统计学, percentage百分率, include包括, words语言，字, rough draft草稿, break down打断, subtopic小标题, reference 引用，参考，证明, material题目，主题，一般规则♦R esearch paper研究论文, discuss讨论, theory理论，推测, work progress工作进度♦R eport报告, subject科目, catalog目录, published source已发布的资料, gather material收集材料♦I nformation信息, plagiarize抄袭, failing grade失败的成绩, gather收集, assimilate the information thoroughly彻底地吸收信息, paraphrase释义, capture the mian idea获得主意, quote directly直接地应用, finalize the research paper完成研究论文♦D raft草稿, clear up the problem澄清这一问题9. 实地考查场景♦L ist列表, supply供给, on site, kit装备，工具箱, notebook笔记本, axe斧, glove 手套, instrument工具, measure测量，程度，尺寸, clean使干净，打扫, cancel 取消, weather天气，露天的, clothes衣服, outside外部的，在…范围之外, food 食物, snack小吃, transportation运输, transport运输, dig挖♦T rip leader旅行领袖, participate参与，分享，分担, report报告, field trip野外旅行10. 体育运动场景♦S pring cycling season春天骑自行车的时节, regular hobby一般嗜好, physical fitness routine日常健身例行要做的事, bicyclist骑脚踏车的人, expert riders熟练的骑手♦E ndurance test忍耐力测验, recreational cyclists娱乐骑自行车的人, racers比赛者♦S ki patrol滑雪巡逻队, ski patroller滑雪巡逻员, safety安全♦P hysical education class 体育课, rock climbing攀登岩石, rope绳, belt地带, buckle扣住, safety equipment安全设备,游玩场景♦B reak休息，打破，突变, racket球拍, reserve a court预定一个球场♦R ock concert摇滚音乐会, vacation假期，搬出, weather天气，露天的，风化11. 打工场景♦S ummer break暑假, excellent opportunity极好的机会, practice练习, dilemma 困境, difficult decision困难的决定, plan计划, volunteer志愿者, NGO （nongovernmenal organization）民间组织, chance可能性，机会, share分享, interesting有趣的, spend花费, accept同意, program程序, interview面试, company公司, application申请, apply for申请, money钱, advice建议♦T ough艰苦的, stressed有压力的，紧张的, dread可怕的, cram for the exam 临时抱佛脚（为准备考试）part-time兼职, balance平衡, hit the book k书, energy活力, tired疲倦的, sconsolation安慰, get through到达，做完, fondness爱好♦A nnouncement通告, hire租金，工钱，出租, part-time assistant兼职助理, experience经历, daily每日的♦L aboratory assistant研究室助手, fill out an application填一张申请表, fit into my schedule（将某事）安排进我的时间表♦V ariety of job opportunities多样的工作机会, responsible for有责任的, volunteer志愿者, service服务，维修, postions are open空缺的职位, link of service维修环节, career training职业培训, demand physical endurance需要身体的忍耐力, receive no salary没有薪水收到, pay for living expense支付生活开销, housing and food allowance住房和伙食补助, additional information 额外的信息♦I nternship实习, career opportunities事业机会, working experience工作经历, short term experience简短的学期经验, permanent employment永久就业full-time专职的，全日制的, academic credit学分, supervise管理，指导，监督, hand out分发, career advisory service职业咨询服务, living expense生活开销♦R un奔跑，管理，经营, marathon马拉松赛跑, motivator动力, inspire鼓舞, positive积极的, sponsor保证人，赞助, tons of money许多钱,♦I ntroduce介绍, volunteer志愿者, salary薪水, ceremony典礼, alumni男校友12. 报到注册场景♦R egistration注册，登记，挂号, time时间, determine决定, first year student 一年级学生, mail邮件, designated date指定的日期, specific time特定的时间, admission letter 录取信（通知）, average平均, previous以前的, session会议，学期，开会, pay支付, credit card信用卡, bank银行，岸, teller讲述者，计票员, confirmation slip确认错误, in person亲自♦R egistration注册, date日期，约会, newly admitted student最近承认的学生, undergraduate大学生, junior晚辈，大三学生, sophomore大二年级生, returning student回归生, senior高级的，年长的, check检查, pay attention专心, time时间，定期的, register注册，记录，登记, designated time指定的时间, pay支付, fee小费, financial aid财政的援助, financial officer财政的公务员, sponsor保证人，赞助, authorization letter认可信, on-line上线13. 校园生活场景♦m eal ticket 饭票，student card 学生卡，cafeteria 自助餐厅，move迁居，移动, accent口音，pod豆荚, international group国际团体, major主要的，成年人，主修, lucky幸运的, excellent极好的, booklet小册子, regulation规则，管理, rule规则，统治, conductive传导的, self-policed自身的治安, problem难题, allow允许, smoke烟, cook煮, plug插头, dryer烘干机, voltage电压, alarm警报, kitchen厨房, leftover残余物, clean-up day打扫日, hot water热水, meter 公尺, washroom洗手间, laundry facility洗熨设备, basement地下室, conserving energy保存能力, lounge area休息室, heat高温，压力, air-conditioning空气调节, storage area仓库, permit允许, hallway门厅, community space社区空间, prior notification优先的告示, safe安全的，保险箱, valuable有价值的, housekeeper管家, vacuum cleaner吸尘器, lock锁, key 钥匙, fire prevention equipment炉火预防设备, arrange安排, in advance预先，提前, religious propaganda宗教的宣传, dorm宿舍, furnishing：an article of furniture for the interior of a building, park公园，停放♦R oommate室友, dormitory宿舍，住宅的, unpacking our things取出用品, neat 优雅的，平滑的，齐整的♦H ousing office住宿办公室, living off campus在校外住宿, cost花费, rent租金，出租，租借, utilities实用工具, need a car to commute用一辆车的交换, noisy 响声，嘈杂的, peace and quiet安静♦W inter break寒假, dean院长，系主任, vacation arrangement假期准备, fill up the forms填满表格, heating cost暖气费，temporary accommodation暂时的住处♦H ousing director住宿主管, checkout procedure借出手续, leave for vacation 动身去度假, return your key归还你的钥匙, maintenance crew 物业, residence advisor宿舍舍监, pass around大约经过♦A partment公寓, dump倾倒，倒垃圾, functional功能的, noisy响声，嘈杂的14. 医院场景♦D iagnose诊断, patient’s illness患者的疾病, painful痛苦的, technological advance先行的技术, blood and tissue sample血液和组织样本, diagnostic techniques诊断的技术, detect diseases发现疾病, X rays X射线, side effect 副作用, uncomfortable不安的, endure pain忍耐疼痛♦M edical clinic and infirmary医院, nursing staff护理人员, get sick生病, a really bad cold重感冒, develop terrible coughs发生很糟糕的咳嗽, pneumonia肺炎, stay in the infirmary呆在医院, don’t feel well身体不好, rest more and skip a few classes休息和翘一些课, have medical excuse 请病假, emergency number紧急号码♦M odern medical facility近代的医学设施, health needs健康需要, dental clinic 牙医诊所, maternity ward产科病房, operating room（外科）手术室, special sugery特殊手术, surgeons外科医生♦S tudent Health Services学生健康检查部门, blood pressure（生理）血压, university nutritionists大学营养学家, processed foods加工食品, universityhospital大学医院♦P ain疼痛, discharge排放, slight earache轻微的耳痛, take it easy放轻松♦P revention阻止, symptoms症状, cough咳嗽, fever发热, chill寒心, flu流感, influenza流行性感冒, overtired累过头的, stressed out压得，累得喘不过气, virus病毒, sneeze打喷嚏，喷嚏, airborne virus靠空气传播的病毒, body’s resistance 身体抵抗力, ward off the flu避开流感, immune system免疫系统, fight off illness击退疾病, immunized免疫的，使免疫, vaccine疫苗，疫苗的, university health center大学健康中心。
托福听力分类词汇完整版
新托福IBT听力场景入学：enrollment 登记, 注册opening ceremony n.开业典礼, 仪式commencement ceremony 毕业典礼convocation n.正式会议（可指简单的毕业典礼）orientation meeting开学说明会staff n.全体职员freshman （大学）一年级学生sophomore （大学）二年级学生junior （大学）三年级学生senior （大学）四年级学生tuition, fee 费用placement test 开学测试excellent 出色的average 平均的，一般的below average 低于平均水平的，差的结构及称谓: university- president 大学，校长chancellor 名誉校长college 学院school 学院dean 院长principal 中学校长professor 教授associate professor 副教授assistant professor 助理教授coordinator 班主任，协调人counselor 辅导员advisor 指导老师instructor 讲师tutor 个人辅导supervisor 管理人undergraduate 本科graduate 研究生建筑物buildings:canteen.餐厅cafeteria.自助餐厅administration building 行政大楼main building主楼wing/annex 配楼teaching building教学楼dormitory n.宿舍auditorium n.会堂, 礼堂=lecture hall assembly n.集合,集会hallcomputer lab 计算实验室，机房dining hall 食堂选课学科major 主修minor 副修science理科, arts文科, engineering 工科Mathematics 数学physics 物理chemistry 化学biology 生物学geography 地理学electronics 电子学computer science 计算机科学astronomy 天文学electronics engineering 电子工程学botany 植物学psychology 心理学zoology 动物学architecture 建筑学oceanography 海洋学ecology 生态学medical science 医学archaeology 考古学history 历史学linguistics 语言学pedagogies 教育学，教学法anthropology 人类学economics 经济学statistics 统计学accounting 会计学philosophy 哲学类型required、compulsory course 必修课selective/optional course选修课elective course 选修课lecture 讲座seminar 高级研讨性课colloquium n.报告课tutorial 个人辅导课程workshop 专题课程级别Introductory 入门级elementary, fundamental 初级Intermediate, secondary 中级Advanced 高级Prerequisite 先修课程上课：Attend class 上课Miss class 缺课Skip class逃课Syllabus 教学大纲Required textbook 要求的课本Attendance 出勤Grading system 打分体系Class participation 课堂参与杂semester/term 学期quarter小学期course guideline 课程纲要major 主修minor 副修exemption 免修syllabus 教学大纲Professor’s signature 教授的签字（用于注册课程）Course cap课程容量（可以招收的学生数）,openings （可供注册的名额）Take选（课）, drop 退（课）Late registration晚注册Deregistration 注销教师称号professor 教授lecturer = instructor 讲师teaching assistant = TA 助教research assistant = RA 助研counselor, adviser 咨询者，顾问president 大学校长teacher/faculty 教师student's advisor 学生顾问physicist 物理学家mathematician 数学家chemist 化学家historian 历史学家statistician 统计学家作业：assignment 作业homework = coursework = schoolwork = studies 作业lab report 实验报告book report 读书报告project 作业presentation 发言term paper 学期论文（research paper）thesis/essay/dissertation 论文journal 学术期刊social investigation 社会调查survey 调查questionnaire n.调查表, 问卷observation n.观察interview vt.n.采访collect data 收集数据broad (论文等)内容宽泛narrow down (论文等)缩小范围source （写论文的）参考资料critical thinking 评判性思维lack your own ideas缺少自己的想法deadline n.最终期限extension 延期due date/time期限outline n.大纲, 提纲(roadmap) bibliography n书目, 参考书目reference 参考plagiarism n. 抄袭revise v. 修改rewrite v. 重写final draft 完成稿speech n.演讲presentation 演讲，陈述eye contact 目光接触intonation 音调考试：mid-term exam 期中考final exams = finals 期末考cumulative final 总结性考试take-home exam（拿回家的开卷考试，一般有限定的时间）open-book exam 开卷考试subjective test 主观性测试objective test 客观性测试pop quiz 抽查式测验blue book 答题本assessment n估价appraisal n.评价, 估价make up for补考,resit, retake重考grade （mark 、score）分数成绩：perfect grade 优异成绩low grade 低分high mark 高分passing grade 及格分failing grade 不及格分full marks 满分straight A's 全Abe all A's and B's 全是A和BB plus B加A minus A减pass the iexam with flying colors 以优异成绩通过考试graduate with honors 以荣誉毕业diploma, degree, certificate 文凭，学位，证书考试问题：分析成绩低的原因，给出解决办法图书馆：library图书馆librarian图书管理员publication 出版物periodical 期刊magazine 杂志book catalogue 图书目录classified catalogue 分类目录bibliography 参考书目title index 书目索引alphabetic index 按字母顺序排列的索引circulation desk借书处reserved books 馆藏书（只能在图书馆内借阅）library card 借书证overdue fine 过期罚金periodical reading room 期刊阅览室online journal 在线期刊video tape 录像带back issue 过期杂志current issue 近期杂志archive 档案non-fiction 非小说类文学作品science-fiction 科幻小说copier 复印机check out 办理（借、还）手续renew 续借overdue过期interlibrary service 馆际服务部分名称information desk n.服务台delivery/circulation desk借书台shelf n.书架photocopy room复印室return area 还书处students locker 学生存储间reference section 参考书部科研过程HypothesisAlternative hypothesis择一假说Null hypothesis无效假说, 零假说Collect dataSurvey, questionnaire ExperimentInterfere, influence ObservationAnalyze dataInterpret dataAnalysisAnalyticalSubjectSampleTreatment groupNon-treatmentControl group校内工作，课外活动及寻找经济援助：Letter of reference/recommendation CompetitiveBenefit future careerField researchCollect data for papersWaiter, waitress，BabysitterWork at the library Qualification资格, qualified 合格的Resume, CVfinancial aid经济援助Scholarship Fellowship Teaching assistantship 助教奖学金Research assistantship 研究奖学金Grant 助学金Loan 贷款Need-based以需求为基础Merit-based 以优秀为基础Student union 学生会Clubs 俱乐部Membership 成员资格Career service住宿：宿舍：accommodation n.住处, 膳宿residence hall宿舍suite 套间studio 工作室，独立套间village 村落（校内一栋一栋的房子，可以用做宿舍）lounge n.公共大厅（可以用做娱乐）home-stay 在国外住在房东家里的那种roommate同屋者,室友corridor n. 走廊,过道，租房lease n.租借, 租约landlord 房东landlady女房东rent租金tenant 房客patio n.阳台，sliding door n.推拉门single room 单人房twin room 双人房two-bedroom apartmenthouse key 房锁匙床上用品:pillow n.枕头bed linen n. 床上用品sheet n. 被单mattress n.床垫blanket n.毯子towel n.手巾, 毛巾quilt n.棉被电器类electric appliance(instrument; equipment) 电器heater, furnace 加热器，炉子heating unit 暖气片air conditioner 空调设备stove 炉子microwave oven 微波炉washer / dryer 洗衣机/烘干机（laundry 洗衣店）utensil 器皿；用具kitchen utensil 炊具oven 烤箱；烤炉range 煤气灶dishwasher 洗碟机washing machine 洗衣机(hot-water) heater 热水器coffeepot 咖啡壶refrigerator (freezer) 冰箱vacuum cleaner 吸尘器tape player 录音机CD player CD机Laundromat 自动洗衣店maintenance 维修，保养家具类furniture 家具bookshelf 书架bookcase 书柜couch 沙发chest 柜子；橱；箱子dresser (bureau) 梳妆台cabinet (电视机等)机箱；储藏柜；陈列柜cupboard (closet) 碗橱storage wall 壁橱rug 小地毯carpet 地毯curtain 窗帘bathtub 浴缸fixture （房屋）固定装置furnishings 室内陈设日常生活/问题:personalpossessions/property/belongings个人财产get insurance for personal possessions/property/belongs garbage/rubbish/waste n.垃圾dispose v. 处理gas meter煤气表insect n.昆虫burglar n.夜贼leaking/leakage n. 泄漏lost key丢钥匙break in 闯入讲座场景词汇Geology地质学Slide n. 滑坡Landslide n.山体滑坡Mud泥土, soil土壤Earth n. 土Sink v.下沉Ground water 地下水Irrigation n. 灌溉Freeze, froze, frozen v.冷冻Melt v.融化molten Gravity n.重心Aggravate v.加重Lean v.倾斜Slope n.斜坡Steep adj.陡峭Erode v., erosion n.腐蚀Fossil n.化石Dinosaur n.恐龙Sediment, deposit 沉淀物Marble 大理石granite 花岗岩Ore 矿石Stalactite 钟乳石Refine v. 提炼Platinum v. 铂金Seismology 地震学Vibration, tremor, 震动Wave 波动Volcano, volcanic 火山，火山的Volcanic eruption 火山喷发Magnitude 级数Collision n.碰撞Active adj.积极的Dormant adj.休眠的Extinct adj. 熄灭的Magma n.岩浆Lava n.岩浆Erupt v.喷发explode v.爆炸(explosion)boom n.爆炸Blast n.爆炸Avalanche n.雪崩地球科学Earth’s interior 地球的内部Seismic waves地震波Compression 压缩Shear（a deformation of an object in which parallel planes remain parallel but are shifted in a direction parallel to themselves）Slow down减慢速度Reflect 反射Depth深度Density 密度Boundary边界Mantle地幔Crust地壳Core地心Continental plate 大陆板块Tectonic plate (地球表面的)构造板块Continental drift 大陆漂移Layer, strata 层Stratify 分层Crack 裂缝Molten lava 融化的岩浆Climatic shift=Climatic changes气候变化Consistent pattern 统一的，始终一致的Solar energy太阳能Radiate 发射，放射Crude approximation 大概的猜测Speculation猜测Cooling down冷却Mechanism 机制Length of the dayPhysical force 体力Imaginary line虚拟线Artificial reservoir 人工水库LatitudeRedistribute再分配，再分布Spin 快速旋转Minerals 矿物质Diverse 多样的Specimen，Sample样品Abundant 丰富的Glassy像玻璃的Amazon stones天河石Firing vapor 炙热的水蒸汽Wipe out 根除，彻底消灭Mt Everest 珠穆朗玛峰Elevation 海拔，海拔增高Precise measurement精确的测量Global Positioning System全球定位系统Longitude 经度Latitude 维度Alternative sources of energy 可替代资源Gas hydrate气体水合物Trap 困住Flame 火焰Potential 潜在的Model 模式Geological fault地质断层Crack 裂缝seismic gap地震活动空白地带postulate 假设chunk 大块cylinder 圆柱cylindrical 圆柱形的ground tilt measurement地倾斜观测evacuate 撤出sedimentary adj. 沉淀性的accumulate 积累商业Insurance 保险Note 注意Contract合约Verbal agreement口头协议Repay 偿还Interest 利息Merchant 商人Cautious 谨慎的Paramount 极为重要的Manufacture 制造Label 标签Contention 所持观点Inform 告知Cost成本Profit利润loss损失Net净的，gross粗略的Supply and demand供求Supply chain供应链Fluctuation 浮动Recession 衰退Depression 萧条Marketing strategies市场营销策略Survey 调查Surplus 剩余Shipment 运输Distribution 分布Retail 零售Whole sale 批发Franchise特许经营Budget预算哲学Socrates, Plato and Aristotle Theme 主题Logic 逻辑Rhetoric 修辞Fundamental causes 基本原因Principles of the universe 宇宙的原则Perceive 看待，观察Perception 观点Sense 感觉Soul 灵魂spiritElement 组成成分Reasoning 推理Ration理性, rational有理性的Contemplation 沉思，思考Judgment判断Just公正的，justice公正Justify证明, justification 合理的理由Explicit 明确的Ethics道德规范Ethical theory 伦理理论Moral 有道德的Ultimate truth终极真理Universal 普遍的Search for truth 追求真理Vary v.不相同Intrinsic 内部的Extrinsic 外部的Critic 评论家Old-fashioned 过时的Valuable 有价值的Survive 生存，存活Conservative 保守的Liberal 开放的Impractical不实际的Empirical经验主义的Cognitive 认知的Weaken 削弱Diminish （影响力）减小Medieval 中世纪Renaissance 文艺复兴Doctrine教义,主义,学说Idealism 唯心论，理想主义Epistemology n. 认识论Metaphysics形而上学,玄学Reconcile和解,调停天文学astronomy constellation 星座zodiac （星象学的星座）planet 行星sun 恒星Jupiter 木星Pluto 冥王星Saturn 土星Mercury 水星Mars 火星Venus金星Neptune海王星Uranus天王星Ceres 谷物星（the largest asteroid and the first discovered）White dwarf 白矮星Big Dipper 北斗七星Asteroid belt 小行星带Milky Way 银河系Galaxy n.星系orbit v.运行n.轨道rotate v. 转Axis n.轴track n. 轨道outer space外太空gravity n.重力equator n.赤道tropical 热带的brightness n.亮度dimension n.维度distance n. 距离Eclipse (日月食)Wane, diminish v. 逐渐变小Centripetal 向心Centrifugal 离心Nebula 星云(an immense cloud of gas (mainly hydrogen) and dust in interstellar space）Nebulous adj. 星云的Gas 气体(rock, ice, hydrogen, oxygen) Particle 微粒Polar light 极光Astronomical 天文的Astrophysics 天文物理学Big Dipper 北斗七星Black hole 黑洞Celestial天体的Celestial map 天体图Centrifugal force 离心力Chondrite 球粒状陨石Chromosphere太阳的色球层Clockwise 顺时针Cluster 星团，一群星星Comet 彗星Cosmos宇宙,cosmetic宇宙的Cosmology宇宙学Emission 排放物，发射Faint 微弱的Feeble 微弱的Gaseous bodies 气态包Gravitational force 吸引力Greenwich mean time 格林尼治时间High resolution 高清晰度Ignite 引燃Illusive object 幻影物体Image 影响，形象Infinite 无限的Infrared ray 红外射线Interferometer 干扰仪Intergalactic 星系间的International date line 国际日期变更线Interplanetary 星球间的Interstellar星际的Leap year 闰年Light year光年Luminosity光亮度Lunar阴历的，月亮的Massive 巨大的Meteor流星Meteor shower 流星雨Meteorite陨石Meteoroid流星体Molten 融化的Naked eye 裸眼Observatory 天文台Photosphere 光球层Planetarium 天文馆Planetoid 小行星Polestar 北极星Pseudoscience 伪科学Quasar类星体Radiation 辐射Revolution 旋转Rotation 旋转Satellite 卫星Sky atlas天体图Solar corona日冕Space debris 太空垃圾Space shuttle 太空飞船Space suit 太空服Spin 快速旋转Star cluster 星群，星团Stellar 星星的Sunspot 太阳黑子Time difference 时差Time zone 时区表演艺术（舞蹈，电影，音乐etc.）Genre 艺术分类Performing art 表演艺术modern dance piece现代舞concert 音乐会play剧opera歌剧film 电影camera 摄影camera shotanalytical 分析的parallel 平行的ballet芭蕾舞choreographer 舞蹈指导Fine/visual arts 视觉艺术Abstract art抽象艺术landscape风景photography摄影exposure 曝光develop film 冲洗胶卷negative n. 底片portrait(portray v. )肖像, 人像、still life静物sculpture雕塑statue 人物雕像lifelike 逼真的vividanthem 国歌Critic 评论家Criticism 批评，评论Review n.评论Masterpiece 杰作Have aesthetic value 有美学价值Aesthetic appeal 美学吸引力Feature 特点Characteristics 特点Distinct adj.与众不同的Unique 独一无二的Style 风格Technique 技巧Gallery n.画馆Edition n.专辑Release v. 发行Debut n.首映Impressionist 印象主义者Impressionism 印象派Perspective 透视法Angle 角度Press/Publishing house出版社Acclaim v. 盛赞mirage 海市蜃楼prolific 多产Preserve v. 保存Extinct adj.灭绝的，消失的文学Literature 文学Poetry诗歌biography传记autobiography 自传detective stories 侦探小说drama戏剧novel小说Novelist 小说家collection of short stories短篇小说集Allegory寓言Comparative literature比较文学Diary 日记Editorial 社论，重要评论Fiction 小说Aestheticism 唯美Autobiography 自传Descriptive prose 描述散文Fairy tale 童话Futurism 未来派Legend 传说Literary studies 文学研究Narrative prose 叙述性散文Podium 讲台Prose 散文Realism 现实主义School of literature 文学派别Leading character 主要角色Literary criticism 文学评论Literary studies 文学学习Modernism 现代主义Plot 情节Poetry 诗歌Prologue前言Proverb谚语Surrealism 超现实主义美术Art gallery艺廊Calligraphy书法Imitating模仿Landscape painting风景画Oil painting油画Paste粘贴Crayon 蜡笔，粉笔，颜料Pigmentation 颜料Canvas 帆布Wax 蜡Spectrum 光谱Perspective透视画法Poster海报Portrait肖像Model模式，模特mural 壁画Panorama全景Pastel drawing蜡笔画Sketch草图Autograph手稿建筑Architecture建筑学Architect建筑师Architectural style建筑风格Art deco 装饰艺术Art moderneGeometric patterns 几何图形Arch 拱门Castle 城堡Cathedral大教堂Framing结构Lobby n. 大厅(entrance hall) Elevator n. 电梯Façade n. 正面Stairs 楼梯Interior 内部的Exterior 外部的Impressionistic style印象派风格Mosque清真寺Pyramid金字塔Revival 复活Renaissance 文艺复兴Medieval中世纪Byzantine architecture 527 (Sofia)-1520音乐Accompaniment 伴奏Audition 试听，试表演Band music 乐队音乐Chord弦乐，弦Classical music古典音乐Concerto 协奏曲Lullaby 催眠曲Duet 二重奏Harmony 和弦，和谐Rock and roll 摇滚Serenade 小夜曲Solo 独奏Sonata 奏鸣曲Symphony 交响乐Ballad歌谣Folk music 民间音乐Prelude 前奏Epilogue 尾声Score 乐谱Note 音符Notation 乐谱，记号法Chord symbol和弦符号Lyrics 歌词Tempo 节奏Melody 主旋律Rhythm节奏Tune 旋律Conduct 指挥Violin 小提琴Viola 中提琴Cello大提琴Oboe双簧管Clarinet单簧管krummhorn['krʌmhɔ:n]n. 变号(一种古双簧乐器)Harp 竖琴考古anthropologist 人类学家ecological 生态的anthropologist 生态人类学家archaeology 考古学anthropology 人类学morphology 形态学Ancient civilization 古代文明origin 起源originate 起源于ancestor 祖先hominid 人（科）homogeneous 同一种族（种类）的tribe 部落clan 氏族archeologist 考古学家excavation 挖掘excavate (unearth) 挖掘Scoop铲子ruins 遗迹，废墟remains 遗迹，遗骸artifact 手工艺品pottery 陶器(potter)Porcelain瓷器fossil 化石relic 遗物，文物Rock painting 岩石画antique 古物，古董antiquity 古代，古老skull 颅骨Cranial颅骨的Stone Age 石器时代Bronze Age （青）铜器时代Iron Age 铁器时代Paleolithic 旧石器时代的Mesolithic 中石器时代的Neolithic 新石器时代的Exhume 挖掘Paleoanthropology Prehistoric史前的Primitive原始的动物微生物Amino acid 氨基酸Antibody 抗体Bacterium 细菌Biological agencyCalcium钙Carbohydrate 碳水化合物Carbon dioxide 二氧化碳Cell细胞Chromosome 染色体Disinfection 消毒Enzymes 酶Fatigue 疲惫Fermentation 发酵Fungus 菌类Gene基因Genetic engineering 基因工程学Glucose 葡萄糖Immunology免疫学Incubation 孵蛋Inflection传染Malaria 疟疾Microbe 微生物Nucleus 细胞核One-celled单细胞的Oxidation氧化Parasitic animal 寄生动物Parasite disease 寄生虫病Parasitology 寄生虫学Pathogen 病菌，病原体Protozoa 原生动物Sanitation 卫生Schistosomiaisis 血吸虫病Starch 淀粉Sterilization 消毒Toxin 毒素Vaccine 疫苗Virus 病毒Yeast 酵母动物living organism 生物bacterium(pl.bacteria) 细菌algae海藻coral珊瑚rodent 啮齿类动物primate 灵长类动物ape 猿chimpanzee n. 黑猩猩gorilla 大猩猩monkey n. 猴子mammal 哺乳类动物dinosaur n.恐龙bat (ecolotion) 蝙蝠（声波定位）snowshoe hare 雪兔子raccoon 浣熊polar bear 北极熊snout (动物的)口鼻部;reptile 爬行类动物snake, cobra眼镜蛇, rattle snake 响尾蛇lizard蜥蜴,snail 蜗牛amphibian adj. 两栖动物crocodile 鳄鱼frog n. 青蛙tadpole 蝌蚪toad 蟾蜍pond 池塘puddle 水坑insect n.昆虫mosquito 蚊子fly 苍蝇cricket 蟋蟀grasshopper 蚱蜢honey beemonarch butterfly 大花蝶large migratory American butterfly having deeporange wings with black and white markings; the larvae feed on milkweed egg 卵larvae 幼虫caterpillar 毛虫pupa/ chrysalis 茧termite n. 白蚁marine adj. 海洋的beaver 狸whale 鲸shark 鲨鱼dolphin 海豚penguin 企鹅predator n. 捕食者prey n. 被捕食者aquatic adj.水生的shrimp 虾lobster 龙虾clam 蚌crab 螃蟹bird, humming birdartery 动脉scale 鳞片claw爪, paw爪子horn 角hormone 荷尔蒙intestine 肠hive 蜂巢pollen n. 花粉pollinate v.授粉hibernate 冬眠migrate v. 迁徙communicate v. 交流camouflage 保护色evolve 进化evolution n. 进化endotherm n.温血动物,恒温动物poikilotherm n. 冷血动物beak 鸟嘴enzymes 酵母secretion(n.) secrete(v.) 分泌pancreas 胰腺odor 气味(还有aroma fragrance scent smell)gland 腺体chromosome 染色体植物botany植物学botanist 植物学家tundra苔原;冻土地带,冻原fungus(pl. fungi ) 菌类laurel 月桂chestnut tree 栗子树root 根branch 枝stem 茎algae(pl. alga) 海藻organism 有机物birch tree (bark) 桦树crops 谷物corn 玉米maize 玉米chlorophyll 叶绿素amino acids 氨基酸protein 蛋白质nitrogen 氮photosynthetic(adj.) photosynthesis(n.) 光合作用lichen 地衣,苔藓squash 南瓜one of a group of large vegetables with solid flesh and hard skins, such as PUMPKIN sbean 豆类植物nectar花蜜flower花floral 花的petal 花瓣bloom 开花blossom 花pollen花粉moss 苔藓herbicide 除草剂herb 草本植物herbivorous 食草的classification 分类hierarchy 级别hazardous 有毒害的Meteorology 气象meteorology 气象meteorologist 气象学家forecast (predict) 预报climate 气候atmosphere 大气层troposphere 对流层Convection 对流Stratosphere 同温层Barometer 气压计current （气）流vapor 蒸汽evaporate 蒸发damp (wet; moist; humid) 潮湿的humidity 湿度moisture 潮湿；水分saturate 饱和absorb 吸收dew 露frost 霜fog (mist) 雾smog 烟雾droplet 小水珠condense 浓缩crystal 水晶体downpour (torrential rain) 大雨tempest (storm) 暴风雨drizzle 细雨shower 阵雨hail 冰雹blizzard (snowstorm) 暴风雪avalanche (snowslide) 雪崩precipitation （雨、露、雪等）降水Thunder 雷Lightening 闪电breeze 微风Blast 大风gale 大风whirlwind 旋风Cyclone 旋风，飓风typhoon 台风hurricane 飓风Monsoon 季风Sandstorm沙尘暴Dust storm沙尘暴tornado (twister, cyclone) 龙卷风Tropical depression热带低气压Wind direction 风向Wind velocity 风速Wind scale 风力funnel 漏斗，漏斗云cumulonimbus 积雨云disaster (calamity, catastrophe) 灾难devastation 破坏submerge 淹没overwhelm v. 淹没drought 干旱Avalanche雪崩Balmy 温和的Chilly寒冷的Frigid僵硬的，严格的Heat-wave热浪Tepid adj.微温的环保environmental protection 环境保护environmentally-friendly 环保的preserve v.保护，保存污染：pollute, pollution, pollutant contaminant n.污染物contaminate v.污染ecosystem生态系统ecology n.生态学antiseptic adj.防腐的atmospheric pollution大气污染垃圾: rubbish, garbage, trash, waste, litter 处理: dispose of, burn, bury (landfill), recycle, reduce, reuse,dump回收:glass, paper, water,milk carton牛奶盒, tyre,aluminium cans铝罐,plastic bags, rubbish bags biodegradable packaging可降解包装, throwaway 可丢弃的disposable 可丢弃的discourage v. 不鼓励燃料none-renewable 不可再生的fossil fuels矿石燃料:natural gas, coal, petroleumlimited/finite natural resources 有限的自然资源alternative energy替代能源,replace=substitute v.取代wind power, hydropower水电,solar (lunar) power太阳能,nuclear power核能radioactivity n. 辐射性use up, deplete, exhaust v. 用光，耗尽conserve v. 节省，节约,污染: water pollution, air pollution,soil pollution土壤污染,noise pollutionsoil erosion 土壤侵蚀soil pollution土壤污染stain n.污染，污点，玷污stink v.发出臭味tar n.焦油toxic chemical 有毒的化学物品fume n.烟，气味light pollution日光污染refuse废物sewage污水pesticide n.杀虫剂chemical waste化学废料congest v.使充满危害动物:poaching非法打猎，盗猎,damage natural habitat破坏自然栖息地, rare breed稀有物种,endangered species濒危物种,extinct adj.灭绝(die out, disappear), animal rights activist动物权益保护者, natural reserve(giant panda大熊猫)自然保护区,protect wild life保护野生动物, preserve v.保护disastrous灾难性的, devastation破坏, have disastrous effect on…对。
TPO听力授课部分重点学科重点词汇
艺术类词汇合集01-3艺术---- 写实印象派 --- rose Frantzen gallery 画廊exhibit 展览looked at 阅读realistic写实的impressionism EII象派sum these up 总结impressionist印象派画家depict描绘apply painters 运用颜料canvas画布rough粗糙的subject 主体scenes景色IandSCaPeS地貌，风景bleak萧瑟的，荒凉的blurry模糊的pinkish带点粉色的fence栅栏Iowa艾奥瓦州barn谷仓，牛栏cattle 牛postures 姿态elements 因素depiction 描绘subject matter 主题pumpkins 南瓜brushstrokes 画笔ChaotiC混乱的vibrant震动的electric blue 电光蓝peaking out 漏出来accessible容易理解的appreciate 欣赏attend art school读艺术学校illustration绘画，图解，插图head头头agency机构portrait肖像画art fairs艺术展no matter what无论如何all over the country 全国keep at it坚持住03-4电影历史十九世纪二三十年代back then 当时category 分类standard 标准hybrids杂种，混合物mixture of styles风格的混合fit in匹配,适合in a way在一定意义上，以某种方式conform 遵从classify 分类fuse施合fiction虚构行为，虚构的东西fictional虚构的element 因素aquatic水生的display 展示ITlollIlSk软体动物set it to music配上音乐narration 叙述portray 描绘notions 概念at times 偶尔uncanny怪异的feature 特征suspicious令人怀疑的seahorse 海马that unusual那么奇特rare罕见talk the early 19th century 讨论19 世纪早期in that sense在那个意义上看similarities end相似处到此为止high-tech高科技的fancy花哨的patch the equipment together 把设备绑在——起open Sea广阔的海域ShaIIOW 浅的investigate 调查documentarist纪录片拍摄者catch on(caught On)流行go back to取决于，根源于what to make of his films如何定义他的电影straightforward 直接的buffs爱好者们3-5艺术的起源——法国的洞穴艺术【划线的是一篇】PreSerVed art受保护的艺术品CaVe PaintingS 洞穴画PiPed LIP尖声说Qreat QrandmOther 太婆Prim币Ve低级的Slide幻灯片anythin。
托福听力词汇完整版
托福听力词汇完整版文稿归稿存档编号：[KKUY-KKIO69-OTM243-OLUI129-G00I-FDQS58-新托福IBT听力场景入学：enrollment/register 登记, 注册opening ceremony n.开业典礼, 仪式commencement ceremony 毕业典礼convocation n.正式会议（可指简单的毕业典礼）orientation meeting开学说明会staff n.全体职员freshman （大学）一年级学生sophomore （大学）二年级学生junior （大学）三年级学生senior （大学）四年级学生tuition fee 费用placement test 开学测试excellent 出色的average 平均的，一般的below average 低于平均水平的，差的结构及称谓: university- president 大学，校长chancellor 名誉校长college 学院science/ arts school 理科/文科学院undergraduate 本科postgraduate /graduate 研究生建筑物buildings:canteen.餐厅/cafeteria.自助餐厅dining hall 食堂administration building 行政大楼wing/annex 配楼teaching building教学楼dormitory n.宿舍auditorium n.会堂, 礼堂=lecture hallassembly n.集合,集会computer lab 计算实验室，机房选课学科major 主修 minor 副修science理科, arts文科, engineering 工科Mathematics 数学physics 物理chemistry 化学biology 生物学（micro-微marin-海洋）geography 地理学electronics 电子学computer science 计算机科学astronomy 天文学electronics engineering 电子工程学botany 植物学psychology 心理学zoology 动物学architecture 建筑学oceanography 海洋学ecology 生态学medical science 医学archaeology 考古学history 历史学linguistic 语言学pedagogy 教育学，教学法anthropology 人类学economics 经济学statistics 统计学accounting 会计学philosophy 哲学课程类型required、 compulsory course 必修课selective/optional course选修课elective course 选修课lecture 讲座seminar 高级研讨性课colloquium n.报告课tutorial 个人辅导课程workshop 专题课程级别Introductory 入门级elementary, fundamental 初级Intermediate, secondary 中级Advanced 高级Prerequisite 先修课程上课：Syllabus 教学大纲Required textbook 要求的课本Attendance 出勤Grading system 打分体系Class participation 课堂参与Otherssemester/term 学期 quarter小学期course guideline 课程纲要exemption 免修Professor’s signature 教授的签字（用于注册课程）Course cap课程容量（可以招收的学生数）openings （可供注册的名额）Take选（课）, drop 退（课）Late registration晚注册Deregistration 注销教师称号professor 教授lecturer = instructor 讲师teaching assistant = TA 助教research assistant = RA 助研counselor, adviser 咨询者，顾问president 大学校长faculty 全体教职员dean 院长coordinator 班主任，协调人tutor 个人辅导supervisor 管理人作业：assignment 作业（lab/book/oral/mix media）report 实验报告project 项目survey 调查presentation 发言term paper 学期论文（research paper）thesis/essay/dissertation 论文journal 学术期刊social investigation 社会调查questionnaire n.调查表, 问卷observation n.观察interview vt.n.采访collect data 收集数据broad (论文等)内容宽泛narrow down (论文等)缩小范围source （写论文的）参考资料critical thinking 评判性思维lack your own ideas缺少自己的想法deadline n.最终期限extension 延期due date/time期限outline n.大纲, 提纲 (roadmap) bibliography n书目, 参考书目reference 参考plagiarism n. 抄袭revise v. 修改rewrite v. 重写final draft 完成稿speech n.演讲presentation 演讲，陈述eye contact 目光接触intonation 音调考试：mid-term exam 期中考final exams = finals 期末考cumulative final 总结性考试take-home exam（拿回家的开卷考试，一般有限定的时间）open-book exam 开卷考试subjective test 主观性测试objective test 客观性测试pop quiz 抽查式测验blue book 答题本assessment n估价appraisal n.评价, 估价make up for补考,resit, retake重考grade （mark 、score）分数成绩：perfect grade 优异成绩low grade 低分high mark 高分passing grade 及格分failing grade 不及格分full marks 满分straight A's 全Abe all A's and B's 全是A和B B plus B加A minus A减pass the exam with flying colors 以优异成绩通过考试graduate with honors 以荣誉毕业diploma, degree, certificate 文凭，学位，证书考试问题：分析成绩低的原因，给出解决办法图书馆：library图书馆librarian图书管理员publication 出版物periodical 期刊magazine 杂志book catalog 图书目录classified catalog 分类目录title index 书目索引alphabetic index 按字母顺序排列的索引circulation desk借书处reserved books 馆藏书（只能在图书馆内借阅）library card 借书证overdue fine 过期罚金periodical reading room 期刊阅览室online journal 在线期刊video tape 录像带back issue 过期杂志current issue 近期杂志archive 档案non-fiction 非小说类文学作品science-fiction 科幻小说copier 复印机check out 办理（借、还）手续renew 续借overdue过期interlibrary service 馆际服务部分名称information desk n.服务台delivery/circulation desk借书台shelf n.书架（vt.）stacks 书架photocopy room复印室return area 还书处students locker 学生存储间reference section 参考书部科研过程Hypothesis 假说Alternative hypothesis择一假说Null hypothesis无效假说, 零假说Collect dataSurvey 调查Questionnaire 调查问卷Experiment 实验Interfere, influence 打扰Observation 观察Analyze data 分析数据Interpret data 翻译数据Analysis 分析Analytical 分析的Subject 主题,科目,受制于…的SampleTreatment group 实验组Control group 实验对照组校内工作，课外活动及寻找经济援助：Letter ofreference/recommendation 推荐信Competitive 竞争的Benefit future careerField research 实地调查研究Collect data for papers Waiter, waitress，Babysitter 临时保姆Work at the library Qualification资格, qualified 合格的Resume, CV 简历financial aid经济援助Scholarship/Fellowship 奖学金Teaching assistantship 助教奖学金Research assistantship 研究奖学金Grant 助学金Loan 贷款Need-based以需求为基础Merit-based 以优秀为基础Student union 学生会Clubs 俱乐部Career service住宿：宿舍：accommodation n.住处, 膳宿residence hall宿舍suite 套间studio 工作室，独立套间village 村落（校内一栋一栋的房子，可以用做宿舍）lounge n.公共大厅（可以用做娱乐）home-stay 在国外住在房东家里的那种roommate同屋者,室友corridor n. 走廊,过道，租房lease n.租借, 租约landlord 房东landlady女房东rent租金tenant 房客patio n.阳台， sliding door n.推拉门single room 单人房twin room 双人房two-bedroom apartmenthouse key 房锁匙床上用品:pillow n.枕头bed linen n. 床上用品sheet n. 被单mattress n.床垫blanket n.毯子towel n.手巾, 毛巾quilt n.棉被电器类electricappliance(instrument;equipment) 电器heater, furnace 加热器，炉子heating unit 暖气片air conditioner 空调设备stove 炉子microwave oven 微波炉washer / dryer 洗衣机/烘干机（laundry 洗衣店）utensil 器皿；用具kitchen utensil 炊具oven 烤箱；烤炉dishwasher 洗碟机washing machine 洗衣机(hot-water) heater 热水器coffeepot 咖啡壶fridge(refrigerator/freezer)冰箱vacuum cleaner 吸尘器tape player 录音机CD player CD机Laundromat 自动洗衣店maintenance 维修，保养家具类furniture 家具bookshelf 书架bookcase 书柜couch 沙发chest 柜子；橱；箱子dresser (bureau) 梳妆台cabinet (电视机等)机箱；储藏柜；陈列柜cupboard (closet) 碗橱storage wall 壁橱rug 小地毯carpet 地毯curtain 窗帘bathtub 浴缸fixture （房屋）固定装置furnishings 室内陈设日常生活/问题:personalpossessions/property/belonging s个人财产get insurance for personal possessions/property/belongs garbage/rubbish/waste n.垃圾dispose v. 处理gas meter煤气表insect n.昆虫burglar n.夜贼leaking/leakage n. 泄漏lost key丢钥匙break in 闯入讲座场景词汇Geology地质学Slide n. 滑坡Landslide n.山体滑坡Mud泥土, soil土壤Earth n. 土Sink v.下沉Ground water 地下水Irrigation n. 灌溉Freeze, froze, frozen v.冷冻Melt v.融化 moltenGravity n.重心Aggravate v.加重Lean v.倾斜Slope n.斜坡Steep adj.陡峭Erode v., erosion n.腐蚀Fossil n.化石Dinosaur n.恐龙Sediment, deposit 沉淀物Marble 大理石granite 花岗岩Ore 矿石Stalactite 钟乳石Refine v. 提炼Platinum v. 铂金Seismology 地震学Vibration, tremor, 震动Wave 波动Volcano, volcanic 火山，火山的Volcanic eruption 火山喷发Magnitude 级数Collision n.碰撞Active adj.积极的Dormant adj.休眠的Extinct adj. 熄灭的Magma n.岩浆Lava n.岩浆Erupt v.喷发explode v.爆炸 (explosion) boom n.爆炸Blast n.爆炸Avalanche n.雪崩地球科学Earth’s interior 地球的内部Seismic waves地震波Compression 压缩Shear （a deformation of an object in which parallel planes remain parallel but are shifted in a directionparallel to themselves）Slow down减慢速度Reflect 反射Depth深度Density 密度Boundary边界Mantle地幔Crust地壳Core地心Continental plate 大陆板块Tectonic plate (地球表面的)构造板块Continental drift 大陆漂移Layer, strata 层Stratify 分层Crack 裂缝Molten lava 融化的岩浆Climatic shift=Climatic changes气候变化Consistent pattern 统一的，始终一致的Solar energy太阳能Radiate 发射，放射Crude approximation 大概的猜测Speculation猜测Cooling down冷却Mechanism 机制Length of the dayPhysical force 体力Imaginary line虚拟线Artificial reservoir 人工水库LatitudeRedistribute再分配，再分布Spin 快速旋转Minerals 矿物质Diverse 多样的Specimen，Sample样品Abundant 丰富的Glassy像玻璃的Amazon stones天河石Firing vapor 炙热的水蒸汽Wipe out 根除，彻底消灭Mt Everest 珠穆朗玛峰Elevation 海拔，海拔增高Precise measurement精确的测量Global Positioning System全球定位系统Longitude 经度Latitude 维度Alternative sources of energy 可替代资源Gas hydrate气体水合物Trap 困住Flame 火焰Potential 潜在的Model 模式Geological fault地质断层Crack 裂缝seismic gap地震活动空白地带postulate 假设chunk 大块cylinder 圆柱cylindrical 圆柱形的ground tilt measurement地倾斜观测evacuate 撤出sedimentary adj. 沉淀性的accumulate 积累商业Insurance 保险Note 注意Contract合约Verbal agreement口头协议Repay 偿还Interest 利息Merchant 商人Cautious 谨慎的Paramount 极为重要的Manufacture 制造Label 标签Contention 所持观点Inform 告知Cost成本Profit利润loss损失Net净的，gross粗略的Supply and demand供求Supply chain供应链Fluctuation 浮动Recession 衰退Depression 萧条Marketing strategies市场营销策略Survey 调查Surplus 剩余Shipment 运输Distribution 分布Retail 零售Whole sale 批发Franchise特许经营Budget预算哲学Socrates, Plato and Aristotle Theme 主题Logic 逻辑Rhetoric 修辞Fundamental causes 基本原因Principles of the universe 宇宙的原则Perceive 看待，观察Perception 观点Sense 感觉Soul 灵魂spiritElement 组成成分Reasoning 推理Ration理性, rational有理性的Contemplation 沉思，思考Judgment判断Just公正的，justice公正Justify证明, justification 合理的理由Explicit 明确的Ethics道德规范Ethical theory 伦理理论Moral 有道德的Ultimate truth终极真理Universal 普遍的Search for truth 追求真理Vary v.不相同Intrinsic 内部的Extrinsic 外部的Critic 评论家Old-fashioned 过时的Valuable 有价值的Survive 生存，存活Conservative 保守的Liberal 开放的Impractical不实际的Empirical经验主义的Cognitive 认知的Weaken 削弱Diminish （影响力）减小Medieval 中世纪Renaissance 文艺复兴Doctrine教义,主义,学说Idealism 唯心论，理想主义Epistemology n. 认识论Metaphysics形而上学,玄学Reconcile和解,调停天文学astronomy constellation 星座zodiac （星象学的星座）planet 行星sun 恒星Jupiter 木星Pluto 冥王星Saturn 土星Mercury 水星Mars 火星Venus金星Neptune海王星Uranus天王星Ceres 谷物星（the largest asteroid and the first discovered）White dwarf 白矮星Big Dipper 北斗七星Asteroid belt 小行星带Milky Way 银河系Galaxy n.星系orbit v.运行n.轨道rotate v. 转Axis n.轴track n. 轨道outer space外太空gravity n.重力equator n.赤道tropical 热带的brightness n.亮度dimension n.维度distance n. 距离Eclipse (日月食)Wane, diminish v. 逐渐变小Centripetal 向心Centrifugal 离心Nebula 星云(an immense cloud of gas (mainly hydrogen) and dust in interstellar space）Nebulous adj. 星云的Gas 气体 (rock, ice, hydrogen, oxygen)Particle 微粒Polar light 极光Astronomical 天文的Astrophysics 天文物理学Big Dipper 北斗七星Black hole 黑洞Celestial天体的Celestial map 天体图Centrifugal force 离心力Chondrite 球粒状陨石Chromosphere太阳的色球层Clockwise 顺时针Cluster 星团，一群星星Comet 彗星Cosmos宇宙,cosmetic宇宙的Cosmology宇宙学Emission 排放物，发射Faint 微弱的Feeble 微弱的Gaseous bodies 气态包Gravitational force 吸引力Greenwich mean time 格林尼治时间High resolution 高清晰度Ignite 引燃Illusive object 幻影物体Image 影响，形象Infinite 无限的Infrared ray 红外射线Interferometer 干扰仪Intergalactic 星系间的International date line 国际日期变更线Interplanetary 星球间的Interstellar星际的Leap year 闰年Light year光年Luminosity光亮度Lunar阴历的，月亮的Massive 巨大的Meteor流星Meteor shower 流星雨Meteorite陨石Meteoroid流星体Molten 融化的Naked eye 裸眼Observatory 天文台Photosphere 光球层Planetarium 天文馆Planetoid 小行星Polestar 北极星Pseudoscience 伪科学Quasar类星体Radiation 辐射Revolution 旋转Rotation 旋转Satellite 卫星Sky atlas天体图Solar corona日冕Space debris 太空垃圾Space shuttle 太空飞船Space suit 太空服Spin 快速旋转Star cluster 星群，星团Stellar 星星的Sunspot 太阳黑子Time difference 时差Time zone 时区表演艺术（舞蹈，电影，音乐etc.）Genre 艺术分类Performing art 表演艺术modern dance piece现代舞concert 音乐会play剧opera歌剧film 电影camera 摄影camera shotanalytical 分析的parallel 平行的ballet芭蕾舞choreographer 舞蹈指导Fine/visual arts 视觉艺术Abstract art抽象艺术landscape风景photography摄影exposure 曝光develop film 冲洗胶卷negative n. 底片portrait(portray v. )肖像, 人像、still life静物sculpture雕塑statue 人物雕像lifelike 逼真的vivid anthem 国歌Critic 评论家Criticism 批评，评论Review n.评论Masterpiece 杰作Have aesthetic value 有美学价值Aesthetic appeal 美学吸引力Feature 特点Characteristics 特点Distinct adj.与众不同的Unique 独一无二的Style 风格Technique 技巧Gallery n.画馆Edition n.专辑Release v. 发行Debut n.首映Impressionist 印象主义者Impressionism 印象派Perspective 透视法Angle 角度Press/Publishing house出版社Acclaim v. 盛赞mirage 海市蜃楼prolific 多产Preserve v. 保存Extinct adj.灭绝的，消失的文学Literature 文学Poetry诗歌biography传记autobiography 自传detective stories 侦探小说drama戏剧novel小说Novelist 小说家collection of short stories短篇小说集Allegory寓言Comparative literature比较文学Diary 日记Editorial 社论，重要评论Fiction 小说Aestheticism 唯美Autobiography 自传Descriptive prose 描述散文Fairy tale 童话Futurism 未来派Legend 传说Literary studies 文学研究Narrative prose 叙述性散文Podium 讲台Prose 散文Realism 现实主义School of literature 文学派别Leading character 主要角色Literary criticism 文学评论Literary studies 文学学习Modernism 现代主义Plot 情节Poetry 诗歌Prologue前言Proverb谚语Surrealism 超现实主义美术Art gallery艺廊Calligraphy书法Imitating模仿Landscape painting风景画Oil painting油画Paste粘贴Crayon 蜡笔，粉笔，颜料Pigmentation 颜料Canvas 帆布Wax 蜡Spectrum 光谱Perspective透视画法Poster海报Portrait肖像Model模式，模特mural 壁画Panorama全景Pastel drawing蜡笔画Sketch草图Autograph手稿建筑Architecture建筑学Architect建筑师Architectural style建筑风格Art deco 装饰艺术Art moderneGeometric patterns 几何图形Arch 拱门Castle 城堡Cathedral大教堂Framing结构Lobby n. 大厅(entrance hall) Elevator n. 电梯Fa?ade n. 正面Stairs 楼梯Interior 内部的Exterior 外部的Impressionistic style印象派风格Mosque清真寺Pyramid金字塔Revival 复活Renaissance 文艺复兴Medieval中世纪527 (Sofia)-1520音乐Accompaniment 伴奏Audition 试听，试表演Band music 乐队音乐Chord弦乐，弦Classical music古典音乐Concerto 协奏曲Lullaby 催眠曲Duet 二重奏Harmony 和弦，和谐Rock and roll 摇滚Serenade 小夜曲Solo 独奏Sonata 奏鸣曲Symphony 交响乐Ballad歌谣Folk music 民间音乐Prelude 前奏Epilogue 尾声Score 乐谱Note 音符Notation 乐谱，记号法Chord symbol和弦符号Lyrics 歌词Tempo 节奏Melody 主旋律Rhythm节奏Tune 旋律Conduct 指挥Violin 小提琴Viola 中提琴Cello大提琴Oboe双簧管Clarinet单簧管krummhorn['kr?mh?:n]n. 变号(一种古双簧乐器)Harp 竖琴考古anthropologist 人类学家ecological 生态的anthropologist 生态人类学家archaeology 考古学anthropology 人类学morphology 形态学Ancient civilization 古代文明origin 起源originate 起源于ancestor 祖先hominid 人（科）homogeneous 同一种族（种类）的tribe 部落clan 氏族archeologist 考古学家excavation 挖掘excavate (unearth) 挖掘Scoop铲子ruins 遗迹，废墟remains 遗迹，遗骸artifact 手工艺品pottery 陶器 (potter) Porcelain瓷器fossil 化石relic 遗物，文物Rock painting 岩石画antique 古物，古董antiquity 古代，古老skull 颅骨Cranial颅骨的Stone Age 石器时代Bronze Age （青）铜器时代Iron Age 铁器时代Paleolithic 旧石器时代的Mesolithic 中石器时代的Neolithic 新石器时代的Exhume 挖掘Paleoanthropology Prehistoric史前的Primitive原始的动物微生物Amino acid 氨基酸Antibody 抗体Bacterium 细菌Biological agency Calcium钙Carbohydrate 碳水化合物Carbon dioxide 二氧化碳Cell细胞Chromosome 染色体Disinfection 消毒Enzymes 酶Fatigue 疲惫Fermentation 发酵Fungus 菌类Gene基因Genetic engineering 基因工程学Glucose 葡萄糖Immunology免疫学Incubation 孵蛋Inflection传染Malaria 疟疾Microbe 微生物Nucleus 细胞核One-celled单细胞的Oxidation氧化Parasitic animal 寄生动物Parasite disease 寄生虫病Parasitology 寄生虫学Pathogen 病菌，病原体Protozoa 原生动物Sanitation 卫生Schistosomiaisis 血吸虫病Starch 淀粉Sterilization 消毒Toxin 毒素Vaccine 疫苗Virus 病毒Yeast 酵母动物living organism 生物bacterium(pl.bacteria) 细菌algae海藻coral珊瑚rodent 啮齿类动物primate 灵长类动物ape 猿chimpanzee n. 黑猩猩gorilla 大猩猩monkey n. 猴子mammal 哺乳类动物dinosaur n.恐龙bat (ecolotion) 蝙蝠（声波定位）snowshoe hare 雪兔子raccoon 浣熊polar bear 北极熊snout (动物的)口鼻部;reptile 爬行类动物snake, cobra眼镜蛇, rattle snake 响尾蛇lizard蜥蜴,snail 蜗牛amphibian adj. 两栖动物crocodile 鳄鱼frog n. 青蛙tadpole 蝌蚪toad 蟾蜍pond 池塘puddle 水坑insect n.昆虫mosquito 蚊子fly 苍蝇cricket 蟋蟀grasshopper 蚱蜢honey beemonarch butterfly 大花蝶large migratory American butterfly having deep orange wings with black and white markings; the larvae feed on milkweedegg 卵larvae 幼虫caterpillar 毛虫pupa/ chrysalis 茧termite n. 白蚁marine adj. 海洋的beaver 狸whale 鲸shark 鲨鱼dolphin 海豚penguin 企鹅predator n. 捕食者prey n. 被捕食者aquatic adj.水生的shrimp 虾lobster 龙虾clam 蚌crab 螃蟹bird, humming birdartery 动脉scale 鳞片claw爪 , paw爪子horn 角hormone 荷尔蒙intestine 肠hive 蜂巢pollen n. 花粉pollinate v.授粉hibernate 冬眠migrate v. 迁徙communicate v. 交流保护色evolve 进化evolution n. 进化endotherm n.温血动物,恒温动物poikilotherm n. 冷血动物beak 鸟嘴enzymes 酵母secretion(n.) secrete(v.) 分泌pancreas 胰腺odor 气味(还有aroma fragrance scent smell)gland 腺体chromosome 染色体植物botany植物学botanist 植物学家tundra苔原;冻土地带,冻原fungus(pl. fungi ) 菌类laurel 月桂chestnut tree 栗子树root 根branch 枝stem 茎algae(pl. alga) 海藻organism 有机物birch tree (bark) 桦树crops 谷物corn 玉米maize 玉米chlorophyll 叶绿素amino acids 氨基酸protein 蛋白质nitrogen 氮photosynthetic(adj.) photosynthesis(n.) 光合作用lichen 地衣,苔藓squash 南瓜one of a group of large vegetables with solid flesh and hard skins, such as PUMPKIN sbean 豆类植物nectar花蜜flower花floral 花的petal 花瓣bloom 开花blossom 花pollen花粉moss 苔藓herbicide 除草剂herb 草本植物herbivorous 食草的classification 分类hierarchy 级别hazardous 有毒害的Meteorology 气象meteorology 气象meteorologist 气象学家forecast (predict) 预报climate 气候atmosphere 大气层troposphere 对流层Convection 对流Stratosphere 同温层Barometer 气压计current （气）流vapor 蒸汽evaporate 蒸发damp (wet; moist; humid) 潮湿的humidity 湿度moisture 潮湿；水分saturate 饱和absorb 吸收dew 露frost 霜fog (mist) 雾smog 烟雾droplet 小水珠condense 浓缩crystal 水晶体downpour (torrential rain) 大雨tempest (storm) 暴风雨drizzle 细雨shower 阵雨hail 冰雹blizzard (snowstorm) 暴风雪avalanche (snowslide) 雪崩precipitation （雨、露、雪等）降水Thunder 雷Lightening 闪电breeze 微风Blast 大风gale 大风whirlwind 旋风Cyclone 旋风，飓风typhoon 台风hurricane 飓风Monsoon 季风Sandstorm沙尘暴Dust storm沙尘暴tornado (twister, cyclone) 龙卷风Tropical depression热带低气压Wind direction 风向Wind velocity 风速Wind scale 风力funnel 漏斗，漏斗云cumulonimbus 积雨云disaster (calamity, catastrophe) 灾难devastation 破坏submerge 淹没overwhelm v. 淹没drought 干旱Avalanche雪崩Balmy 温和的Chilly寒冷的Frigid僵硬的，严格的Heat-wave热浪Tepid adj.微温的环保environmental protection 环境保护environmentally-friendly 环保的preserve v.保护，保存污染：pollute, pollution, pollutant contaminant n.污染物contaminate v.污染ecosystem生态系统ecology n.生态学antiseptic adj.防腐的atmospheric pollution大气污染垃圾: rubbish, garbage, trash, waste, litter处理: dispose of, burn, bury (landfill),recycle, reduce, reuse,dump 回收:glass, paper, water, milk carton牛奶盒, tyre, aluminium cans铝罐,plastic bags, rubbish bags biodegradable packaging可降解包装,throwaway 可丢弃的disposable 可丢弃的discourage v. 不鼓励燃料none-renewable 不可再生的fossil fuels矿石燃料:natural gas, coal, petroleum limited/finite natural resources 有限的自然资源alternative energy替代能源, replace=substitute v.取代wind power, hydropower水电, solar (lunar) power太阳能, nuclear power核能radioactivity n. 辐射性use up, deplete, exhaust v. 用光，耗尽conserve v. 节省，节约,污染: water pollution, air pollution,soil pollution土壤污染,noise pollutionsoil erosion 土壤侵蚀soil pollution土壤污染stain n.污染，污点，玷污stink v.发出臭味tar n.焦油toxic chemical 有毒的化学物品fume n.烟，气味light pollution日光污染refuse废物sewage污水pesticide n.杀虫剂chemical waste化学废料congest v.使充满危害动物:poaching非法打猎，盗猎, damage natural habitat破坏自然栖息地,rare breed稀有物种, endangered species濒危物种, extinct adj.灭绝 (die out, disappear),animal rights activist动物权益保护者 ,natural reserve(giant panda大熊猫)自然保护区,protect wild life保护野生动物, preserve v.保护disastrous灾难性的,devastation破坏,have disastrous effect on…对。
新托福听力场景汇总之CONVERSATION篇
新托福听力场景汇总之CONVERSATION篇1. 课程相关事务场景场景特点：主要涉及到一些和课程相关事项的解决方法。
一定以conversation出现，常见话题有：安排考试，调课事宜，课程辅助材料等。
常见套路：（1）和考试相关：考试分数；考试复习；安排考试；考试分数（2）和课程相关：课程目的；课程类型；课程形式，课程作业（3）和作业相关：作业类型；作业方法；交作业相关（4）和论文相关：论文的分数场景词汇：Discussion课堂讨论, presentation课堂展示, topic主题, lecture讲座/课程, goodchoice明智的选择, slide幻灯片, library图书馆, collection藏书，资料收集, check核实, librarian图书管理员Report报告, office hour办公时间, submit提交, on disk磁盘提交, hard copy打印版,soft copy邮件发送, computer计算机, print,打印 computer lab机房Project作业, ton of大量, cover涵盖, re-write重写, research data调查数据,information信息, input输入, presentation课堂展示, complete完全的Term paper学期论文, grade分数, complicated复杂的, terrible mistake严重的错误,edited version修订版, submit提交, overtired过度疲劳, stressed压力大的, rushing against the clock忙碌, mark分数, draft 草稿, print打印, final paper终稿, maintaining average保持平均分, application申请, drop放课, re-take重修, due截止日期, extention延期, discuss讨论, check back核查记录, re-reading重读, submission提交Information信息, exam schedule考试时间表, term学期, date日期, book预定,department院系, invigilator 监考人员, sign up注册, sheet单子, bulletin board公告板, faculty lounge, square方格, draft,草稿 dean系主任, review复习, draw up 结论, manually手工的, consult咨询, register注册 Physiology 生理学, sophomore大二学生, second year course大二课程, first year student新生, transfer转系转专业, begin my first lecture开始第一次课, introduce,介绍 complete完全的, approach方法途径, laws of physics and chemistry物理化学定律, process of life生命进程, vital force关键力量, philosophical approach哲学方法, scientific experimentation科学实验Final exam,期末考试 midterm期中考试, multiple choice question多选题, essay question问答题, comprehensive exam综合测试, the subject,主题 review,复习 textbook教材, class note课堂笔记, the final will count for 50% of your grade期末考试占总成绩的50%, research project调查项目, run into problems遇到困难School bulletin学校公告栏, required writing course 必修写作课程, first year student 大一新生, third year stuent大三学生, research paper调查报告, sign up注册, cover the entire process of writing a research paper涵盖论文写作的全过程, selecting topic选择性题目, final format最终格式, presentation课堂展示, hand in提交, assignment,作业 final grade最终分数 Class meeting班会, lecture讲座，课程, different concept不同的概念, hand in提交, issue发行, revision复习, grade分数Research paper论文, due截止日期, proposed topics推荐的论文选题, make comment评论, the most frequent problem最常见的问题, broad广泛的, preliminary outline初步提纲, schedule计划表, available可利用的, appointment预约，约会, final outline最终提纲, no more than two pages long不得多于2页, thesis statement论文陈述, precise statement精确的陈述, conclusion总结Workshop小型研讨会, intensive精读, techniques and skills技巧, personal attention个人参与度, register注册, advantage 优点Consecutive summer连续的暑假, community center社区活动中心, seminar研讨会, workshop小型研讨会, beginning students新生, advanced students高年级学生, last four weeks最后四周, credit is awarded学分奖励, information信息Discuss讨论, schedule计划表, midterm期中考试, administer管理, attendance出勤, optional class选修课2. 相关事务+专业讨论场景场景特点：场景性开场白+中间专业内容+场景性结尾。
托福听力场景词汇（含解析）教学内容
托福听力场景词汇（含解析）教学内容托福听力场景词汇1.医院场景：场景特点：关于学生看病和医院相关的场景。
常见套路：（1）常见病症的词汇（2）常见治疗手段的词汇（3）治病的常见句型总结场景词汇：Diag no se, patie nt ' s ill ness, painful, tech no logical adva nee, blood and tissue sample血液组织样本,diagnostic techniques, detect diseases, variations in temperature, X rays, side effect, un comfortable, en dure pain, health careMedical clinic and infirmary 诊所医务室,nursing staff 护理人员,get sick, a really bad cold, develop terrible coughs, pneumonia [nju ?m??n??肺炎,stay in the infirmary, don ' t feel well, rest madesaip a few classes, get medical excuse,the cli nic hour, emerge ncy nu mberModern medical facility, health needs, dental clinic 牙科诊所,maternityward 产房,operating room, special surgery 夕卜科手术,surgeons 夕卜科医生，Student Health Services, blood pressure, university nutritionists 营养学家, processed foods 加工食品,university hospital,Pain, discharge排放、流出，slight earache耳朵痛,take it easy Preve nti on, symptoms, cough, fever, running no se, head and bones ache, chi寒冷，flu,influenza⑶fl?'enz?】流行性感冒，overtired过度疲劳，stressed out筋疲力尽的,exposure to virus, sneez?ni 辺喷嚏，airborne virus 空气传播病毒,body ' s resistan人e体抵抗力,ward off the flu 扌氐御流感,rest, eat well, drink a lot of water, immune[?'mju?n] system 免疫系统,fight off illness 对抗疾病immunized[ai]免疫的，vaccine 【'v?ksi?i]疫苗，university health center2.校园生活场景：场景特点：关于学生租房子或者佰舍相关的话题场景。
托福听力词汇完整版
新托福IBT听力场景入学：enrollment/register 登记, 注册opening ceremony n.开业典礼, 仪式commencement ceremony 毕业典礼convocation n.正式会议（可指简单的毕业典礼）orientation meeting开学说明会staff n.全体职员freshman （大学）一年级学生sophomore （大学）二年级学生junior （大学）三年级学生senior （大学）四年级学生tuition fee 费用placement test 开学测试excellent 出色的average 平均的，一般的below average 低于平均水平的，差的结构及称谓:university- president 大学，校长chancellor 名誉校长college 学院science/ arts school 理科/文科学院undergraduate 本科postgraduate /graduate 研究生建筑物buildings:canteen.餐厅/cafeteria.自助餐厅dining hall 食堂administration building 行政大楼wing/annex 配楼teaching building教学楼dormitory n.宿舍auditorium n.会堂, 礼堂=lecture hallassembly n.集合,集会computer lab 计算实验室，机房选课学科major 主修 minor 副修science理科, arts文科, engineering 工科Mathematics 数学physics 物理chemistry 化学biology 生物学（micro-微 marin-海洋）geography 地理学electronics 电子学computer science 计算机科学astronomy 天文学electronics engineering 电子工程学botany 植物学psychology 心理学zoology 动物学architecture 建筑学oceanography 海洋学ecology 生态学medical science 医学archaeology 考古学history 历史学linguistic 语言学pedagogy 教育学，教学法anthropology 人类学economics 经济学statistics 统计学accounting 会计学philosophy 哲学课程类型required、 compulsory course 必修课selective/optional course选修课elective course 选修课lecture 讲座seminar 高级研讨性课colloquium n.报告课tutorial 个人辅导课程workshop 专题课程级别Introductory 入门级elementary, fundamental 初级Intermediate, secondary 中级Advanced 高级Prerequisite 先修课程上课：Syllabus 教学大纲Required textbook 要求的课本Attendance 出勤Grading system 打分体系Class participation 课堂参与Otherssemester/term 学期 quarter小学期course guideline 课程纲要exemption 免修Professor’s signature 教授的签字（用于注册课程）Course cap课程容量（可以招收的学生数）openings （可供注册的名额）Take选（课）, drop 退（课）Late registration晚注册Deregistration 注销教师称号professor 教授lecturer = instructor 讲师teaching assistant = TA 助教research assistant = RA 助研counselor, adviser 咨询者，顾问president 大学校长faculty 全体教职员dean 院长coordinator 班主任，协调人tutor 个人辅导supervisor 管理人作业：assignment 作业（lab/book/oral/mix media）report 实验报告project 项目survey 调查presentation 发言term paper 学期论文（research paper）thesis/essay/dissertation 论文journal 学术期刊social investigation 社会调查questionnaire n.调查表, 问卷observation n.观察interview vt.n.采访collect data 收集数据broad (论文等)内容宽泛narrow down (论文等)缩小范围source （写论文的）参考资料critical thinking 评判性思维lack your own ideas缺少自己的想法deadline n.最终期限extension 延期due date/time期限outline n.大纲, 提纲 (roadmap) bibliography n书目, 参考书目reference 参考plagiarism n. 抄袭revise v. 修改rewrite v. 重写final draft 完成稿speech n.演讲presentation 演讲，陈述eye contact 目光接触intonation 音调考试：mid-term exam 期中考final exams = finals 期末考cumulative final 总结性考试take-home exam（拿回家的开卷考试，一般有限定的时间）open-book exam 开卷考试subjective test 主观性测试objective test 客观性测试pop quiz 抽查式测验blue book 答题本assessment n估价appraisal n.评价, 估价make up for补考,resit, retake重考grade （mark 、score）分数成绩：perfect grade 优异成绩low grade 低分high mark 高分passing grade 及格分failing grade 不及格分full marks 满分straight A's 全Abe all A's and B's 全是A和B B plus B加A minus A减pass the exam with flying colors 以优异成绩通过考试graduate with honors 以荣誉毕业diploma, degree, certificate 文凭，学位，证书考试问题：分析成绩低的原因，给出解决办法图书馆：library图书馆librarian图书管理员publication 出版物periodical 期刊magazine 杂志book catalog 图书目录classified catalog 分类目录title index 书目索引alphabetic index 按字母顺序排列的索引circulation desk借书处reserved books 馆藏书（只能在图书馆内借阅）library card 借书证overdue fine 过期罚金periodical reading room 期刊阅览室online journal 在线期刊video tape 录像带back issue 过期杂志current issue 近期杂志archive 档案non-fiction 非小说类文学作品science-fiction 科幻小说copier 复印机check out 办理（借、还）手续renew 续借overdue过期interlibrary service 馆际服务部分名称information desk n.服务台delivery/circulation desk借书台shelf n.书架（vt.）stacks 书架photocopy room复印室return area 还书处students locker 学生存储间reference section 参考书部科研过程Hypothesis 假说Alternative hypothesis择一假说Null hypothesis无效假说, 零假说Collect dataSurvey 调查Questionnaire 调查问卷Experiment 实验Interfere, influence 打扰Observation 观察Analyze data 分析数据Interpret data 翻译数据Analysis 分析Analytical 分析的Subject 主题,科目,受制于…的SampleTreatment group 实验组Control group 实验对照组校内工作，课外活动及寻找经济援助：Letter ofreference/recommendation 推荐信Competitive 竞争的Benefit future careerField research 实地调查研究Collect data for papers Waiter, waitress，Babysitter 临时保姆Work at the library Qualification资格, qualified 合格的Resume, CV 简历financial aid经济援助Scholarship/Fellowship 奖学金Teaching assistantship 助教奖学金Research assistantship 研究奖学金Grant 助学金Loan 贷款Need-based以需求为基础Merit-based 以优秀为基础Student union 学生会Clubs 俱乐部Career service住宿：宿舍：accommodation n.住处, 膳宿residence hall宿舍suite 套间studio 工作室，独立套间village 村落（校内一栋一栋的房子，可以用做宿舍）lounge n.公共大厅（可以用做娱乐）home-stay 在国外住在房东家里的那种roommate同屋者,室友corridor n. 走廊,过道，租房lease n.租借, 租约landlord 房东landlady女房东rent租金tenant 房客patio n.阳台， sliding door n.推拉门single room 单人房twin room 双人房two-bedroom apartmenthouse key 房锁匙床上用品:pillow n.枕头bed linen n. 床上用品sheet n. 被单mattress n.床垫blanket n.毯子towel n.手巾, 毛巾quilt n.棉被电器类electricappliance(instrument;equipment) 电器heater, furnace 加热器，炉子heating unit 暖气片air conditioner 空调设备stove 炉子microwave oven 微波炉washer / dryer 洗衣机/烘干机（laundry 洗衣店）utensil 器皿；用具kitchen utensil 炊具oven 烤箱；烤炉dishwasher 洗碟机washing machine 洗衣机(hot-water) heater 热水器coffeepot 咖啡壶fridge(refrigerator/freezer)冰箱vacuum cleaner 吸尘器tape player 录音机CD player CD机Laundromat 自动洗衣店maintenance 维修，保养家具类furniture 家具bookshelf 书架bookcase 书柜couch 沙发chest 柜子；橱；箱子dresser (bureau) 梳妆台cabinet (电视机等)机箱；储藏柜；陈列柜cupboard (closet) 碗橱storage wall 壁橱rug 小地毯carpet 地毯curtain 窗帘bathtub 浴缸fixture （房屋）固定装置furnishings 室内陈设日常生活/问题:personalpossessions/property/belonging s个人财产get insurance for personal possessions/property/belongs garbage/rubbish/waste n.垃圾dispose v. 处理gas meter煤气表insect n.昆虫burglar n.夜贼leaking/leakage n. 泄漏lost key丢钥匙break in 闯入讲座场景词汇Geology地质学Slide n. 滑坡Landslide n.山体滑坡Mud泥土, soil土壤Earth n. 土Sink v.下沉Ground water 地下水Irrigation n. 灌溉Freeze, froze, frozen v.冷冻Melt v.融化 moltenGravity n.重心Aggravate v.加重Lean v.倾斜Slope n.斜坡Steep adj.陡峭Erode v., erosion n.腐蚀Fossil n.化石Dinosaur n.恐龙Sediment, deposit 沉淀物Marble 大理石granite 花岗岩Ore 矿石Stalactite 钟乳石Refine v. 提炼Platinum v. 铂金Seismology 地震学Vibration, tremor, 震动Wave 波动Volcano, volcanic 火山，火山的Volcanic eruption 火山喷发Magnitude 级数Collision n.碰撞Active adj.积极的Dormant adj.休眠的Extinct adj. 熄灭的Magma n.岩浆Lava n.岩浆Erupt v.喷发explode v.爆炸 (explosion) boom n.爆炸Blast n.爆炸Avalanche n.雪崩地球科学Earth’s interior 地球的内部Seismic waves地震波Compression 压缩Shear （a deformation of an object in which parallel planes remain parallel but are shifted in a direction parallel to themselves）Slow down减慢速度Reflect 反射Depth深度Density 密度Boundary边界Mantle地幔Crust地壳Core地心Continental plate 大陆板块Tectonic plate (地球表面的)构造板块Continental drift 大陆漂移Layer, strata 层Stratify 分层Crack 裂缝Molten lava 融化的岩浆Climatic shift=Climatic changes气候变化Consistent pattern 统一的，始终一致的Solar energy太阳能Radiate 发射，放射Crude approximation 大概的猜测Speculation猜测Cooling down冷却Mechanism 机制Length of the dayPhysical force 体力Imaginary line虚拟线Artificial reservoir 人工水库LatitudeRedistribute再分配，再分布Spin 快速旋转Minerals 矿物质Diverse 多样的Specimen，Sample样品Abundant 丰富的Glassy像玻璃的Amazon stones天河石Firing vapor 炙热的水蒸汽Wipe out 根除，彻底消灭Mt Everest 珠穆朗玛峰Elevation 海拔，海拔增高Precise measurement精确的测量Global Positioning System全球定位系统Longitude 经度Latitude 维度Alternative sources of energy 可替代资源Gas hydrate气体水合物Trap 困住Flame 火焰Potential 潜在的Model 模式Geological fault地质断层Crack 裂缝seismic gap地震活动空白地带postulate 假设chunk 大块cylinder 圆柱cylindrical 圆柱形的ground tilt measurement地倾斜观测evacuate 撤出sedimentary adj. 沉淀性的accumulate 积累商业Insurance 保险Note 注意Contract合约Verbal agreement口头协议Repay 偿还Interest 利息Merchant 商人Cautious 谨慎的Paramount 极为重要的Manufacture 制造Label 标签Contention 所持观点Inform 告知Cost成本Profit利润loss损失Net净的，gross粗略的Supply and demand供求Supply chain供应链Fluctuation 浮动Recession 衰退Depression 萧条Marketing strategies市场营销策略Survey 调查Surplus 剩余Shipment 运输Distribution 分布Retail 零售Whole sale 批发Franchise特许经营Budget预算哲学Socrates, Plato and Aristotle Theme 主题Logic 逻辑Rhetoric 修辞Fundamental causes 基本原因Principles of the universe 宇宙的原则Perceive 看待，观察Perception 观点Sense 感觉Soul 灵魂spiritElement 组成成分Reasoning 推理Ration理性, rational有理性的Contemplation 沉思，思考Judgment判断Just公正的，justice公正Justify证明, justification 合理的理由Explicit 明确的Ethics道德规范Ethical theory 伦理理论Moral 有道德的Ultimate truth终极真理Universal 普遍的Search for truth 追求真理Vary v.不相同Intrinsic 内部的Extrinsic 外部的Critic 评论家Old-fashioned 过时的Valuable 有价值的Survive 生存，存活Conservative 保守的Liberal 开放的Impractical不实际的Empirical经验主义的Cognitive 认知的Weaken 削弱Diminish （影响力）减小Medieval 中世纪Renaissance 文艺复兴Doctrine教义,主义,学说Idealism 唯心论，理想主义Epistemology n. 认识论Metaphysics形而上学,玄学Reconcile和解,调停天文学astronomy constellation 星座zodiac （星象学的星座）planet 行星sun 恒星Jupiter 木星Pluto 冥王星Saturn 土星Mercury 水星Mars 火星Venus金星Neptune海王星Uranus天王星Ceres 谷物星（the largest asteroid and the first discovered）White dwarf 白矮星Big Dipper 北斗七星Asteroid belt 小行星带Milky Way 银河系Galaxy n.星系orbit v.运行n.轨道rotate v. 转Axis n.轴track n. 轨道outer space外太空gravity n.重力equator n.赤道tropical 热带的brightness n.亮度dimension n.维度distance n. 距离Eclipse (日月食)Wane, diminish v. 逐渐变小Centripetal 向心Centrifugal 离心Nebula 星云(an immense cloud of gas (mainly hydrogen) and dust in interstellar space）Nebulous adj. 星云的Gas 气体 (rock, ice, hydrogen, oxygen)Particle 微粒Polar light 极光Astronomical 天文的Astrophysics 天文物理学Big Dipper 北斗七星Black hole 黑洞Celestial天体的Celestial map 天体图Centrifugal force 离心力Chondrite 球粒状陨石Chromosphere太阳的色球层Clockwise 顺时针Cluster 星团，一群星星Comet 彗星Cosmos宇宙,cosmetic宇宙的Cosmology宇宙学Emission 排放物，发射Faint 微弱的Feeble 微弱的Gaseous bodies 气态包Gravitational force 吸引力Greenwich mean time 格林尼治时间High resolution 高清晰度Ignite 引燃Illusive object 幻影物体Image 影响，形象Infinite 无限的Infrared ray 红外射线Interferometer 干扰仪Intergalactic 星系间的International date line 国际日期变更线Interplanetary 星球间的Interstellar星际的Leap year 闰年Light year光年Luminosity光亮度Lunar阴历的，月亮的Massive 巨大的Meteor流星Meteor shower 流星雨Meteorite陨石Meteoroid流星体Molten 融化的Naked eye 裸眼Observatory 天文台Photosphere 光球层Planetarium 天文馆Planetoid 小行星Polestar 北极星Pseudoscience 伪科学Quasar类星体Radiation 辐射Revolution 旋转Rotation 旋转Satellite 卫星Sky atlas天体图Solar corona日冕Space debris 太空垃圾Space shuttle 太空飞船Space suit 太空服Spin 快速旋转Star cluster 星群，星团Stellar 星星的Sunspot 太阳黑子Time difference 时差Time zone 时区表演艺术（舞蹈，电影，音乐etc.）Genre 艺术分类Performing art 表演艺术modern dance piece现代舞concert 音乐会play剧opera歌剧film 电影camera 摄影camera shotanalytical 分析的parallel 平行的ballet芭蕾舞choreographer 舞蹈指导Fine/visual arts 视觉艺术Abstract art抽象艺术landscape风景photography摄影exposure 曝光develop film 冲洗胶卷negative n. 底片portrait(portray v. )肖像, 人像、still life静物sculpture雕塑statue 人物雕像lifelike 逼真的vividanthem 国歌Critic 评论家Criticism 批评，评论Review n.评论Masterpiece 杰作Have aesthetic value 有美学价值Aesthetic appeal 美学吸引力Feature 特点Characteristics 特点Distinct adj.与众不同的Unique 独一无二的Style 风格Technique 技巧Gallery n.画馆Edition n.专辑Release v. 发行Debut n.首映Impressionist 印象主义者Impressionism 印象派Perspective 透视法Angle 角度Press/Publishing house出版社Acclaim v. 盛赞mirage 海市蜃楼prolific 多产Preserve v. 保存Extinct adj.灭绝的，消失的文学Literature 文学Poetry诗歌biography传记autobiography 自传detective stories 侦探小说drama戏剧novel小说Novelist 小说家collection of short stories短篇小说集Allegory寓言Comparative literature比较文学Diary 日记Editorial 社论，重要评论Fiction 小说Aestheticism 唯美Autobiography 自传Descriptive prose 描述散文Fairy tale 童话Futurism 未来派Legend 传说Literary studies 文学研究Narrative prose 叙述性散文Podium 讲台Prose 散文Realism 现实主义School of literature 文学派别Leading character 主要角色Literary criticism 文学评论Literary studies 文学学习Modernism 现代主义Plot 情节Poetry 诗歌Prologue前言Proverb谚语Surrealism 超现实主义美术Art gallery艺廊Calligraphy书法Imitating模仿Landscape painting风景画Oil painting油画Paste粘贴Crayon 蜡笔，粉笔，颜料Pigmentation 颜料Canvas 帆布Wax 蜡Spectrum 光谱Perspective透视画法Poster海报Portrait肖像Model模式，模特mural 壁画Panorama全景Pastel drawing蜡笔画Sketch草图Autograph手稿建筑Architecture建筑学Architect建筑师Architectural style建筑风格Art deco 装饰艺术Art moderneGeometric patterns 几何图形Arch 拱门Castle 城堡Cathedral大教堂Framing结构Lobby n. 大厅(entrance hall) Elevator n. 电梯Fa?ade n. 正面Stairs 楼梯Interior 内部的Exterior 外部的Impressionistic style印象派风格Mosque清真寺Pyramid金字塔Revival 复活Renaissance 文艺复兴Medieval中世纪527 (Sofia)-1520音乐Accompaniment 伴奏Audition 试听，试表演Band music 乐队音乐Chord弦乐，弦Classical music古典音乐Concerto 协奏曲Lullaby 催眠曲Duet 二重奏Harmony 和弦，和谐Rock and roll 摇滚Serenade 小夜曲Solo 独奏Sonata 奏鸣曲Symphony 交响乐Ballad歌谣Folk music 民间音乐Prelude 前奏Epilogue 尾声Score 乐谱Note 音符Notation 乐谱，记号法Chord symbol和弦符号Lyrics 歌词Tempo 节奏Melody 主旋律Rhythm节奏Tune 旋律Conduct 指挥Violin 小提琴Viola 中提琴Cello大提琴Oboe双簧管Clarinet单簧管krummhorn['kr?mh?:n]n. 变号(一种古双簧乐器)Harp 竖琴考古anthropologist 人类学家ecological 生态的anthropologist 生态人类学家archaeology 考古学anthropology 人类学morphology 形态学Ancient civilization 古代文明origin 起源originate 起源于ancestor 祖先hominid 人（科）homogeneous 同一种族（种类）的tribe 部落clan 氏族archeologist 考古学家excavation 挖掘excavate (unearth) 挖掘Scoop铲子ruins 遗迹，废墟remains 遗迹，遗骸artifact 手工艺品pottery 陶器 (potter) Porcelain瓷器fossil 化石relic 遗物，文物Rock painting 岩石画antique 古物，古董antiquity 古代，古老skull 颅骨Cranial颅骨的Stone Age 石器时代Bronze Age （青）铜器时代Iron Age 铁器时代Paleolithic 旧石器时代的Mesolithic 中石器时代的Neolithic 新石器时代的Exhume 挖掘Paleoanthropology Prehistoric史前的Primitive原始的动物微生物Amino acid 氨基酸Antibody 抗体Bacterium 细菌Biological agency Calcium钙Carbohydrate 碳水化合物Carbon dioxide 二氧化碳Cell细胞Chromosome 染色体Disinfection 消毒Enzymes 酶Fatigue 疲惫Fermentation 发酵Fungus 菌类Gene基因Genetic engineering 基因工程学Glucose 葡萄糖Immunology免疫学Incubation 孵蛋Inflection传染Malaria 疟疾Microbe 微生物Nucleus 细胞核One-celled单细胞的Oxidation氧化Parasitic animal 寄生动物Parasite disease 寄生虫病Parasitology 寄生虫学Pathogen 病菌，病原体Protozoa 原生动物Sanitation 卫生Schistosomiaisis 血吸虫病Starch 淀粉Sterilization 消毒Toxin 毒素Vaccine 疫苗Virus 病毒Yeast 酵母动物living organism 生物bacterium(pl.bacteria) 细菌algae海藻coral珊瑚rodent 啮齿类动物primate 灵长类动物ape 猿chimpanzee n. 黑猩猩gorilla 大猩猩monkey n. 猴子mammal 哺乳类动物dinosaur n.恐龙bat (ecolotion) 蝙蝠（声波定位）snowshoe hare 雪兔子raccoon 浣熊polar bear 北极熊snout (动物的)口鼻部;reptile 爬行类动物snake, cobra眼镜蛇, rattle snake 响尾蛇lizard蜥蜴,snail 蜗牛amphibian adj. 两栖动物crocodile 鳄鱼frog n. 青蛙tadpole 蝌蚪toad 蟾蜍pond 池塘puddle 水坑insect n.昆虫mosquito 蚊子fly 苍蝇cricket 蟋蟀grasshopper 蚱蜢honey beemonarch butterfly 大花蝶large migratory American butterfly having deep orange wings with black and white markings; the larvae feed on milkweedegg 卵larvae 幼虫caterpillar 毛虫pupa/ chrysalis 茧termite n. 白蚁marine adj. 海洋的beaver 狸whale 鲸shark 鲨鱼dolphin 海豚penguin 企鹅predator n. 捕食者prey n. 被捕食者aquatic adj.水生的shrimp 虾lobster 龙虾clam 蚌crab 螃蟹bird, humming bird artery 动脉scale 鳞片claw爪 , paw爪子horn 角hormone 荷尔蒙intestine 肠hive 蜂巢pollen n. 花粉pollinate v.授粉hibernate 冬眠migrate v. 迁徙communicate v. 交流保护色evolve 进化evolution n. 进化endotherm n.温血动物,恒温动物poikilotherm n. 冷血动物beak 鸟嘴enzymes 酵母secretion(n.) secrete(v.) 分泌pancreas 胰腺odor 气味(还有aroma fragrance scent smell)gland 腺体chromosome 染色体植物botany植物学botanist 植物学家tundra苔原;冻土地带,冻原fungus(pl. fungi ) 菌类laurel 月桂chestnut tree 栗子树root 根branch 枝stem 茎algae(pl. alga) 海藻organism 有机物birch tree (bark) 桦树crops 谷物corn 玉米maize 玉米chlorophyll 叶绿素amino acids 氨基酸protein 蛋白质nitrogen 氮photosynthetic(adj.) photosynthesis(n.) 光合作用lichen 地衣,苔藓squash 南瓜one of a group of large vegetables with solid flesh and hard skins, such as PUMPKIN sbean 豆类植物nectar花蜜flower花floral 花的petal 花瓣bloom 开花blossom 花pollen花粉moss 苔藓herbicide 除草剂herb 草本植物herbivorous 食草的classification 分类hierarchy 级别hazardous 有毒害的Meteorology 气象meteorology 气象meteorologist 气象学家forecast (predict) 预报climate 气候atmosphere 大气层troposphere 对流层Convection 对流Stratosphere 同温层Barometer 气压计current （气）流vapor 蒸汽evaporate 蒸发damp (wet; moist; humid) 潮湿的humidity 湿度moisture 潮湿；水分saturate 饱和absorb 吸收dew 露frost 霜fog (mist) 雾smog 烟雾droplet 小水珠condense 浓缩crystal 水晶体downpour (torrential rain) 大雨tempest (storm) 暴风雨drizzle 细雨shower 阵雨hail 冰雹blizzard (snowstorm) 暴风雪avalanche (snowslide) 雪崩precipitation （雨、露、雪等）降水Thunder 雷Lightening 闪电breeze 微风Blast 大风gale 大风whirlwind 旋风Cyclone 旋风，飓风typhoon 台风hurricane 飓风Monsoon 季风Sandstorm沙尘暴Dust storm沙尘暴tornado (twister, cyclone) 龙卷风Tropical depression热带低气压Wind direction 风向Wind velocity 风速Wind scale 风力funnel 漏斗，漏斗云cumulonimbus 积雨云disaster (calamity, catastrophe) 灾难devastation 破坏submerge 淹没overwhelm v. 淹没drought 干旱Avalanche雪崩Balmy 温和的Chilly寒冷的Frigid僵硬的，严格的Heat-wave热浪Tepid adj.微温的环保environmental protection 环境保护environmentally-friendly 环保的preserve v.保护，保存污染：pollute, pollution, pollutant contaminant n.污染物contaminate v.污染ecosystem生态系统ecology n.生态学antiseptic adj.防腐的atmospheric pollution大气污染垃圾: rubbish, garbage, trash, waste, litter处理: dispose of, burn, bury (landfill),recycle, reduce, reuse,dump回收:glass, paper, water,milk carton牛奶盒, tyre, aluminium cans铝罐,plastic bags, rubbish bags biodegradable packaging可降解包装,throwaway 可丢弃的disposable 可丢弃的discourage v. 不鼓励燃料none-renewable 不可再生的fossil fuels矿石燃料:natural gas, coal, petroleum limited/finite natural resources 有限的自然资源alternative energy替代能源, replace=substitute v.取代wind power, hydropower水电, solar (lunar) power太阳能, nuclear power核能radioactivity n. 辐射性use up, deplete, exhaust v. 用光，耗尽conserve v. 节省，节约,污染: water pollution, air pollution,soil pollution土壤污染, noise pollutionsoil erosion 土壤侵蚀soil pollution土壤污染stain n.污染，污点，玷污stink v.发出臭味tar n.焦油toxic chemical 有毒的化学物品fume n.烟，气味light pollution日光污染refuse废物sewage污水pesticide n.杀虫剂chemical waste化学废料congest v.使充满危害动物:poaching非法打猎，盗猎, damage natural habitat破坏自然栖息地,rare breed稀有物种, endangered species濒危物种, extinct adj.灭绝 (die out, disappear),animal rights activist动物权益保护者 ,natural reserve(giant panda大熊猫)自然保护区,protect wild life保护野生动物, preserve v.保护disastrous灾难性的, devastation破坏,have disastrous effect on…对。
托福听力常见场景词汇汇总
托福听力常见场景词汇汇总为了方便考生们的托福学习及复习，小编专门为大家准备了有关托福听力常见场景词汇的内容，供大家阅读参考，希望以下内容能够为同学们的托福学习提供帮助!更多有关托福的内容，尽在!【托福听力】常见场景：实地考察场景特点：指学生field trip野外实地考察的相关，或者外出的各种活动，比如采访等等。
常见套路：1)Where?Field trip的目的地?2)When?要去多久?何时走?何时回?3)Who?哪些人去?哪个年级去?4)How? 怎么去?5)Why? 目的是什么?6)注意事项，比如带哪些东西，不带哪些东西场景词汇：Listsupplyon sitekitnotebookaxegloveinstrumentmeasurecleancancelweatherclothesoutsidesnacktransportationtransportdigTrip leaderparticipatereportfield trip【托福听力】常见场景：学生活动场景特点：学生介绍自己组织或者参与的一个活动。
常见套路：1)学生经常参加和组织的活动班级竞选减肥公益活动2)活动的目的：What is the main reason for the woman to participate this activity?3)分发handout：4)活动的具体内容场景词汇：Runmarathonmotivatorback into shapeinspirerunning buddiespositivesponsortons of moneyIntroducecampus dailyvolunteersalaryceremonyalumni【托福听力】常见场景：出游度假场景特点：和学生出游度假等有关。
可以设计度假旅游、周末休闲、郊游活动、电影音乐会等话题。
常见套路：1)出游的目的2)出游的具体计划3)出游的内容4)出游遇到的问题场景词汇：Breakracketreserve a courtRock concertvacationweather【托福听力】常见场景：打工场景特点：一类是招工场景;一类是学生之间、学生和老师之间谈论工作的场景。
托福听力中的常见场景分类汇总
托福听力中的常见场景分类汇总今日我给大家带来了托福听力中的常见场景分类，盼望能够关心到大家，下面我就和大家共享，来观赏一下吧。
托福听力中的常见场景分类一、生活类：开头同学见面难免寒暄一番，之后A就会说B看起来很憔悴，气色不好之类的。
接下来B就会说出自己的问题(考点)，然后两人开头就问题争论，A会提出一个或若干个建议(考点)，B会从中选择一个并感谢A的建议(考点，比如问B下一步会去干什么)。
1.食堂场景：饭菜好不好吃，饭卡套餐之类的(十有89跟钱有关系)2.宿舍场景：宿舍的支配，校外租房，房间的问题(门锁坏了，洗衣机坏了，暖气坏了……)室友的问题(肯定是有冲突)。
3.图书馆场景：借书找不到，还书过期，每天泡图书馆(考试预备中，论文预备中……)。
4.假期场景：争论假期去哪里放松，假期回来争论玩得很快乐。
老师办公室类：家里面有事要请假，时间很紧想延期交作业，论文之类的，选这个老师的课，争论考试或者论文。
5.助教场景：关心学习，建议选课。
二、学校机构场景：1.注册部：(1)开学注册程序问题(2)选课选不上(3)关于缴费使用现金还是银行卡2.修理部：就是上述的东西坏了要求修理，约时间去修。
3.勤工俭学部：要求找份工作(主要是工作时间的问题，不能和上课冲突)三、讲课场景：1.老师刚上课(以开头的方式划分)：(1)我信任你们已经完成了阅读任务，今日我们要讲这部分内容或者我们要补充讲一些背景学问。
(2)我们来回顾一下上次讲的内容，然后接着上次的内容讲或者讲新的内容。
(3)直接说我们今日讲什么内容。
然后开头讲。
(4)今日是复习课，然后讲某某考试，复习跟考试有关的内容。
2.快下课了说只剩几分钟了，我们来回顾一下讲过的内容，接下来就开头支配事情了，也许有以下几种事情：(1)考试(2)老师下节课有事，会有别的老师代课或者别的什么支配(3)作业(4)下节课的内容3.有人被邀请做演讲开头先感谢谁谁谁请他来演讲，接下来就是演讲的内容，多数会使用到幻灯片这个家伙。
托福听力conversation场景汇总解析
托福听力conversation场景汇总解析托福听力考试中，对于一些常考到的场景知识，大家要做到熟练的掌握。
了解这些内容，对于大家接下里的听力考试，还是有很大的帮助的。
具体的这些常考的场景内容有哪些呢?下面让我们一起来看看详细的内容。
托福听力conversation场景汇总解析首先，托福听力是基于美国本科校园教育为背景的，所以在这种背景下，会发生对话的主体有学生，教授以及学校职员。
现在托福听力里面已经很少有学生和学生之间的对话了，基本是学生VS教授和学生VS职员这两种情况。
主要涉及到的场景有：1. 作业场景托福听力里面常见的作业形式是论文或者report。
常见的作业情景包括学生向教授咨询论文的topic和大纲;在上交终稿或初稿前向教授询问修改意见，教授也会就作业中出现的问题而主动找学生;有时学生也会为了延长上交作业的期限，去办公室向教授咨询。
2. 选课场景常见的场景有学生不知道如何选课，选哪些课，两门类似课程之间的区别，学生想选某一门课程选不上，或者学生选完课后想退课。
3. 考试常见的场景有学生找教授分析成绩低的原因，给出解决办法;咨询考试范围，考试复习，讲解某个知识点;也会遇到学生因个人原因错过考试而补考或写论文弥补。
4. 知识点确认场景的场景有学生在课堂上听到一个专有名词或者知识点不明白，课后去询问教授。
5. 图书馆常见的场景有学生找不到资料，通常管理员会询问该资料的作者，书名或者话题;关于借书还书时遇到的问题;介绍图书馆的相关规定制度和基本部门设置及常见设施。
6. 工作学生为了赚取生活费用或者学费或积累工作经验从事兼职工作，常见的场景有工作面试中谈论工作要求，待遇和内容;学生和教授结合本专业和兴趣，谈论工作意向。
7. 其他包括食堂场景：饭菜好不好吃，饭卡套餐之类的宿舍场景：宿舍的安排，校外租房，房间的问题(设施设备坏了)，室友的问题(有矛盾)其中场景1、2、5场景在托福听力里面属于高频场景，大家要花时间把相关场景词汇记住哦。
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托福听力场景词汇1.医院场景：场景特点：关于学生看病和医院相关的场景。
常见套路：（1）常见病症的词汇（2）常见治疗手段的词汇（3）治病的常见句型总结场景词汇：Diag no se, patie nt ' s ill ness, painful, tech no logical adva nee, blood and tissue sample血液组织样本,diagnostic techniques, detect diseases, variations in temperature, X rays, side effect, un comfortable, en dure pain, health careMedical clinic and infirmary 诊所医务室,nursing staff 护理人员,get sick, a really bad cold, develop terrible coughs, pneumonia [nju ?m??n??肺炎,stay in the infirmary, don ' t feel well, rest madesaip a few classes, get medical excuse,the cli nic hour, emerge ncy nu mberModern medical facility, health needs, dental clinic 牙科诊所,maternityward 产房,operating room, special surgery 夕卜科手术,surgeons 夕卜科医生，Student Health Services, blood pressure, university nutritionists 营养学家, processed foods 加工食品,university hospital,Pain, discharge排放、流出，slight earache耳朵痛,take it easyPreve nti on, symptoms, cough, fever, running no se, head and bones ache, chi寒冷，flu,influenza⑶fl?'enz?】流行性感冒，overtired过度疲劳，stressed out筋疲力尽的,exposure to virus, sneez®ni 辺喷嚏，airborne virus 空气传播病毒,body ' s resistan人e体抵抗力,ward off the flu 扌氐御流感,rest, eat well, drink a lot of water, immune[?'mju?n] system 免疫系统,fight off illness 对抗疾病immunized[ai]免疫的，vaccine【'v?ksi?i]疫苗，university health center2.校园生活场景：场景特点：关于学生租房子或者佰舍相关的话题场景。
常见套路：(1)房子条件差(2)与室友很难相处(3)找房子租(4)学校房子的管理制度场景词汇：Move, accent, international group 跨国集团公司，major, lucky, excellent, booklet小册子,regulation, rule, conductive导电的，有传导力的，quiet policy, self-policed 自我管理的，自我监督的，problem, allow, smoke, cook, plug 插头，塞子,dryer, voltage['v??it?r?； 'v?it?P]电压,alarm, kitchen, leftover 残留物, clea n-up day, hot water, meter 米，仪表,washroom, la undry facility 洗衣设施, basement 地下室‘conserving energy 节能,lounge area 休息区,heat, air-conditioning, storage area, permit 允许，执照,hallway 走廊、门厅、玄关, community space 社区空间，prior notification 事先通知,safe, valuable, housekeeper女管家，主妇,vacuum cleaner, lock, key, check, fire prevention equipment, cover圭寸皮，盖子，遮蔽物,overnight visitor, arrange, in advanee, religiouspropaganda pr?p?g?nd?）传教,dorm 宿舍,furnishing 供给，家俱,park Roommate, dormitory, unpacki ng our thin gs, n eatHousing office住房中介,living off campus 住校夕卜，cost, rent, utilities[j?'t??ti]公共设备,n eed a car to commute, no isy, peace and quietWin ter break 寒假，圣诞节假期,dea n 院长，系主任,vacati on arra ngeme nt, fill up the forms, heating cost供热成本,temporary accommodation临时住宿Housing director 房产负责人,checkout procedure退房程序,leave for vacation, retur n your key, summer maintenance crew 夏季维护人员,reside nee adviser 住宅顾问，pass arounc 分发，轮查Apartme nt, dump 垃圾场,fun cti on al, no isy3. 报到注册场景：场景特点：新生报到注册时候遇到的问题。
常见套路：（1）报到注册的时间（2）报到注册的准备材料（3）报到注册可能遇到的问题场景词汇：Registratioq「ed??stre???）n] , time, determine, first year student, mail, designatedg?z©net 砂date指定日期,specific time, admission letter 录取通知书, continuing students在读生,average, previous, session学期,pay, credit card, bank, teller出纟纳员，讲述者，计票员,confirmation slip 确认单，in person Registration, date, newly admitted studen新录取的学生,undergraduate本科生，大学生,junior, sophomore【‘s?f?m??大学二年级学生，returning student 老生,senior, check, pay attention, time, registe“ed ?空?】登记注册，designated time指定时间，pay, fee, financial aid经济援助，助学金，financial officer财务主管，sponsor赞助商authorization[??o ra?ze???）n] letter 授权书,on-line4. 学生活动场景：场景特点：学生介绍自己组织或者参与的一个活动。
常见套路：（1）学生经常参加组织的活动：班级竞选、减肥、公益活动（2）活动的目的：What is the mai n reason for the activity?（3）分发handout:（4）活动的具体内容场景词汇：Run, marathon, motivator g ?utiveit 刁动机，back into shape塑形,恢复身材，in spire，running buddies跑步的伙伴，positive，sponsor，tons of money, cause事业，原因，Introduce，campus daily 校园日常生活，volunteer，salary，ceremony, alumni[?'i?mnai]男校友（alumnus 的复数）；alumna[?i?mn?]女校友补充内容：怎样的课外活动才是好的呢？1）真实的兴趣（Genuine Interest）参加那些你真正热爱的狂热兴趣的课外活动，而不是因为它看起来可能对申请有帮助。
2）领导才能（leadership）领导才能是顶尖学校最强申请人的重要特征。
不要把重点放在你担当什么职位上，要关注是否有影响力（impact）。
3）持之以恒（Commitment）参加课外活动不能贪多，但得确保所参加的的每一项课外活动上你都花了大量时间，已参加了一段时间。
美国大学看重的是在这个课外活动中学生究竟做了哪些实事，是不是认真努力地为之付出了，在课外活动中有什么收获，坚持了多长时间等。
招生专业人士往往喜欢深度远远甚于喜欢广度。
4）杰出成就（A record of excellenee）你可以通过在某一方面才华出众或与众不同来吸引录取委员会人员的眼球。
你的贡献的重大程度往往是你是否被录取的决定因素之一。
做到这一点方法包括赢得自然科学方面的成功，如发明专利、小小科学家称号、科技创新奖、In tel大赛奖、国际奥赛奖牌，也可以获得社会人文方面的成就，包括参加模拟联合国大赛、全球青年领袖峰会和扩大俱乐部的成员……通过专注于一个多元化但相互有关的一系列课外活动，你将展示几项对获得顶尖大学录取极有价值的重要特征。
课外活动可分为下面若干项：体育运动。
学生会工作：各类学生活动的策划、组织和领导工作。
各式各样的课外活动俱乐部。
社会公益活动：例如红十字会、社会公益筹款或救助活动，贫困地区的支贫活动等等。
艺术表演活动：即音乐、戏剧、舞蹈等艺术活动。
校刊编辑：调查、采访、编写、绘画等等活动。
工作经历：带薪的工作，不带薪的实习工作，帮助父母家人的生意。
照顾弟妹等家务。
5. 打工场景：场景特点：一类是招工场景；一类是学生之间、学生和老师之间谈论工作的场景。
常见套路：（1）托福中学生经常从事的工作：Teachi ng assista nt, research assistant研究助理，助理研究人员，lab assistant实验室助理；各种商业部门的工作；家庭服务性工作；与本专业、或比较有趣的工作（2）工作的内容（3）申请的手续和流程；应聘的资格；工作的待遇和时间；手续问题；工作的具体内容场景词汇：Summer break, work, job, offer, excelle nt opport uni ty, practice, wonderful, dilemma 进退两难的困境,difficult decision, plan, volunteer, NGO （Non-Governmental Organization 非政府组织），chanee, share, in teresti ng, spe nd, accept, program, in terview, compa ny, applicatio n, apply for, mon ey, adviceTough, exam, stressed, dread, cram the nig临时抱佛脚，，part-time, money, board 董事会，寄宿,balanee, hit the book 念书,energy, tired, sleep, consolation安慰，慰问,get through通过,fun, fondness爱好，溺爱Announ ceme nt 公告,hire, part-time assista nt, experie nee, research, daily Laboratory assistant, fill out an application, fit into my schedule 融入我的日程安排Variety of job opport un ities, resp on sible for, volun teer, service, positi ons are open职位开放,link of service 链接服务,career training, program available 程序可用,dema nd physical en dura nee要求吃苦耐劳,receive no salary, pay for living expense, housing and food allowanee 食宿津贝占，additional in formatio nIn ter nship program 实习项目,adva need pla nning, career opport un ities 就业机会,worki ng experie nee, short term experie nee, perma nent employme n终身雇佣,full-time, academic credit 学分,supervise, hand out, career advisory service职业咨询服务，living expense生活费6. 游玩场景：场景特点：和学生出游度假等有关。