高考复习-定语从句

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高考英语 14种从句用法总复习之定语从句用法

高考英语 14种从句用法总复习之定语从句用法

高考14种从句用法总复习之定语从句用法定语从句一、定语从句用法讲解用来修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。

被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。

定语从句一般跟在先行之后。

用来引导定语从句的代词叫关系代词。

关系代词有who, whom, whose(指人);that, which(指物),用来代替先行词。

that也可以指人,which 不能指人。

who, whom, which, that 在定语从句中作主语或者宾语;whose在定语从句中作定语。

例如:This is the boy who is good at English.This the boy (whom) Mr. Cheng teaches every day.This is the boy whose father is an English teacher.This is the desk whose leg is broken.= This is the desk the leg of which is broken.= This is the desk of which the leg is broken.This is the book that/which was bought by Tom yesterday.This is the book (that /which) he bought yesterday.This is the book whose cover is gone.注意:关系代词在定语从句中作宾语可以省略。

用来引导定语从句的副词(when, where, why)叫关系副词。

when, where, why代替前面的表示时间、地点、原因的先行词。

关系副词在定语从句中作状语。

例如:I will never forget the day when I joined the Party.This is the school where Mr. Cheng works.This is the reason why Li Ping is often late for class.二、定语从句用法定语从句是中学阶段的语法重点,也是历年高考的热点。

高考英语复习6.定语从句(语法)

高考英语复习6.定语从句(语法)

高考英语复习6.定语从句(语法)语法讲座:定语从句一、先行词、关系代词和关系副词1.先行词(antecedent)就是被定语从句所修饰的名词。

在英语中,定语从句跟在被修饰词之后,所以被修饰词就是“先行”的词。

2.连接定语从句,要用关系代词(relative pronoun)和关系副词(relative adverb)。

关系代词和关系副词与连接词不完全相同,因为它们除了连接主句和定语从句,还在定语从句中代替一定的成分。

二、关系代词1.who先行词是“人”,在从句中代替主语。

注意:代替从句中的主语,who不能省略。

who的单复数由先行词决定。

但是要注意“one of +先行词”与“the only one of +先行词”的情况。

2.whom先行词是“人”,在从句中代替宾语。

whom在从句中经常可以省略,但如果在介词后面,则不能省。

3.which先行词是“物”,在从句中可以代替主语或宾语。

which代替主语时,不能省略,它的单复数由先行词决定。

which 代替宾语时则经常省略,但如果在介词后面,那么也不能省略。

which的先行词有时还可以是前面的整个句子,这时它总是看成单数,也不能省略。

4.that先行词可以是“人”,也可以是“物”,在从句中可以代替主语或者宾语。

that代替主语时,不能省略,代替宾语时则经常省略。

that不能用在介词之后。

在以下三种情况时,我们一般不用关系代词who, whom, 和which,而只用that:1)先行词是不定代词如anything, something, all等词,或由all, every, little, any, much, the very 等词所修饰;2)先行词前有最高级形容词或序数词所修饰;3)先行词是由and连接的两个词,分别指“人”和“物”。

5.whose先行词可以是“人”,也可以是“物”,在从句中代替定语。

whose不能省略。

如果先行词是“物”,我们也可以用sth. of which代替whose。

高考英语语法专题复习 定语从句 知识清单

高考英语语法专题复习 定语从句 知识清单

高考英语语法专题复习------定语从句知识清单2015 / 9一、定语从句基础知识(填空)1.何为定语从句?在复合句中, 修饰某一或的从句叫定语从句。

2.何为定语从句两个基本要素?和即:被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫做;引导定语从句的词叫。

3.定语从句分为两大类:1):对先行词起限定作用,与先行词关系十分密切,不用逗号隔开,也不能省略,否则句意就不完整。

2) :只是对先行词做补充说明,与先行词的关系也比较松散,常用逗号与主句隔开,如果省略, 原句意义仍然完整。

4.引导定语从句的关系词有哪些?1)关系:在定语从句中充当主语、宾语、表语。

指代人:, , 指代事物:, ,所属关系:,2)关系:在定语从句中充当状语,相当于介词+。

指地点:指时间:指原因:二、常见考点与难点归纳:1.引导词that与which的选择:总结1) 先行词有下列情况时,通常用关系代词,不用。

①先行词是all, everything, nothing, anything, little, much等不定代词时;②先行词被all, any, every, no, some, little, much等词修饰时;③先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时;④先行词被the only, the very(正是,恰是),the last修饰时;⑤当先行词既有人又有物时;⑥若主句中有疑问代词who, which时(为了避免重复)。

总结2)下列情况通常用关系代词,不用:①引导非限定性定语从句且先行词是物,在定语从句中充当宾语时也不省略。

②介词+关系词引导定语从句, 先行词为物时。

2.先行词为时间、地点、原因的名词时应注意的问题:1) 先行词为时间、地点、原因的名词时,关系词在定语从句中作时,用when, where, why,相当于介词+which.2) 先行词为时间、地点、原因的名词时,关系词在定语从句中作、或时,用that / which 。

高考重难点语法-定语从句的经典归纳

高考重难点语法-定语从句的经典归纳

定语从句1.定语从句基本概念定语从句:在复合句中,修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。

关系词:引导定语从句的词叫关系词。

先行词:被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。

定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。

2.定语从句的关系词引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词。

常见的关系代词包括that,which,who(宾格whom,所有格whose),as 等。

关系副词包括where,when,why等。

关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用,同时又作定语从句的重要成分。

7.注意事项:2. 定语从句中的主谓一致①定语从句中的谓语动词由先行词决定。

例如:I, who am your good friend, will try my best to help you.②当“one of +复数名词”后接定语从句时,从句中的谓语动词和复数名词一致,用复数;而“the only one of +复数名词”后接定语从句时,从句中的谓语动词和the only one一致,用单数。

例如:Susan is one of the students who have won the prize three times.Susan is the only one of the students who has won the prize three times.3. 定语从句中的插入语现象定语从句中的关系词后面有时会加入一些句子作插入语,如I think, I believe, I expect, I guess, I am sure等。

解题时,去掉插入语,会使句子简单化。

例如:Mr Lee made another discovery, which (I think) is very important.4. 通常只用that,不用which, who或whom的情况:①当先行词为all, everything, nothing, anything, little, few, much, none等不定代词时。

高考英语复习定语从句

高考英语复习定语从句

语法复习四:定语从句(一)定语从句一般由关系代词和关系副词引导1、关系代词:who, whom, whose, which, that, as2、关系副词:when, where, why关系代词和关系副词必须位于从句之首,主句先行词之后,起着连接先行词和从句的作用,同时在从句中又充当句子成分。

e.g. She is the girl who sings best of all.(关系代词who在从句中作主语)The comrade with whom I came knows French.(whom在从句中作介词with的宾语)3、关系代词和关系副词的用法:1)当先行词为人时用who 作主语,whom作宾语;2)当先行词为物或整个句子时用which ,可作主语或宾语;3)先行词为人、物时用that ,可作主语或宾语;4)whose用作定语,可指人或物;5)关系副词when(指时间,在定语从句中作时间状语,where(指地点,在定语从句中作地点状语),why(指原因,在定语从句中作原因状语)。

(二)限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句1、限制性定语从句:从句与主句关系密切,去掉从句,主句意义不完整,甚至不合逻辑。

e.g. I was the only person in our office who was invited.(去掉定语从句,意思就不完整)2、非限制性定语从句:从句对先行词关系不密切,去掉定从句,意思仍然完整。

形式上用逗号隔开,不能that用引导。

e.g. Tom’s father, who is over sixty, still works hard day and night.(who引导非限制性定语从句,整个句子可分成两句来翻译)(三)使用定语从句时特别注意的几个问题1、that与which的区别。

1)用that而不用which的情况:①先行词为不定代词all, anything, nothing, …;②先行词有最高级修饰,有序数词修饰;③先行词有only, very, any等词修饰;④先行词既有人又有物时。

高考英语复习定语从句专项讲解

高考英语复习定语从句专项讲解

定语从句专项讲解提问:定语是什么? 修饰限定名词或代词的成分被称为定语。

举例: This is a beautiful flower. (形容词作定语,置前)This is a flower in the garden. (介词短语作定语,置后)This is先行词 关系词 定语从句➢ 定义:在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。

➢ 结构: 先行词+ 关系词+ 其他➢ 关系词的用法:1. 关系词的分类:1)关系代词: who, whom, which, that, whose2)关系副词: when, where, why (作状语)2. 关系代词在句中充当成分3. 关系代词的详细用法●who, whom的用法1) who在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语,作宾语可省。

The girl who is in red is Lily. (作___________,不可省)I like the person who you are talking to. (作___________,可用whom/that替换或者省略)You are who you are. (作___________, 不可省)2) whom在句中作宾语,限制性从句可省,非限制性从句中不能省略I happened to meet the professor whom I got to know at a party yesterday.(作________,可省)I have many friends to whom I am going to send postcards. (_________后面不可省)●whose的用法whose的先行词既可指人,也可指物。

在定语从句中作定语,whose = the n. +of which/whome.g. This is the scientist whose achievements are well known. (whose指人)= This is the scientist, ____________ the achievements are well known.e.g. I’d like a room whose window faces the sea. (whose指物)= I’d like a room______________ the window faces the sea.that 和which 的用法1) 限制性定语从句中,通常情况下可以互换。

高考专题--复习定语从句33333

高考专题--复习定语从句33333
English very well.?that
4.My parents live in a house w__h_ic_h_/__t_h_a__t_ is
more than 100 years old.
5.
The
boy
with w_h__o_m_
?省略
John spoke
is
my
brother.
6.Luckily none of the people _w_h_o_m__ I know were
e.g: Miss Li give me a cup. 4.主+谓+宾+宾补 e.g:Lily makes me happy. 5. 主+系+表 成分:主语or 宾语
规律
缺成分,用代词 不缺成分,用副词
① who指人,在定语从句中作主语或宾语。作宾 语时,可省略。 The man (who) I talked with is our teacher.
The boy whose mother (= the mother of
whom或of whom the mother) is a doctor
is my friend.
(4) 关系代词在从句中作主语时,从句的谓语动词 的人称和数必须与先行词保持一致。如:
Those who are against the plan put up your hands.
2. 关系代词的用法注意点 只能用that 不能用which。 ①当先行词中有人又有物时。如:
Do you know the things and persons that they are talking about?
②当先行词为不定代词all, one, few, little, no, some, any, everything, nothing, nobody, none 等时。如:

高中英语高考复习定语从句知识精讲(附练习题)

高中英语高考复习定语从句知识精讲(附练习题)

高考英语定语从句知识精讲一、关系代词引导的定语从句1、that 指人或物在从句中作主语,宾语或表语;which 指物在从句中作主语,宾语或表语(作宾语时可以省略);who 指人在从句中作主语,宾语或表语(作宾语时可以省略);whom 指人在从句中作宾语(作宾语时可以省略);whose 指人或物在从句中作定语;as 指人或物在从句中作主语,宾语或表语;注意:指物时,whose+名词 = the+名词+of which 或 of which + the +名词2、as 的用法(1)常用于下列结构:such…as; so…as; the same…as;注意:the same…as 表示同一类,不同一个the same…that 表示同一个(2)as与which的区别a、位置不同as可放在主句后,主句前或主句中间;which只能放在主句后。

b、as起连接作用,表达说话人的观点、看法,并指出主句内容的根据或出处,意为“正如,正像”。

which相当于并列句,可以用and this来代替,意为“这一点,这件事’”。

注意:as常用于下列结构:as we know/ as is known to all, as we all can see, as has been said before/above, as might be excepted, as is often the case, 一般不能用which 代替as。

c、在从句中作主语时,which既可作系动词be的主语也可作实义动词的主语,而as只可作系动词be的主语。

二、只用that不用which的情况1、先行词为 all, much, everything, nothing, something, anything, nothing, none, the one等不定代词时2、先行词被only, any, few, little, no , all, just , very ,right等修饰时.3、当先行词是最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时。

高中英语2025届高考语法复习定语从句知识讲解练习

高中英语2025届高考语法复习定语从句知识讲解练习

高考英语语法复习定语从句知识讲解练习1.定语从句定义定语从句是用来修饰名词或代词的从句。

可分为限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句。

1.限制性定语从句:对先行词起限定修饰作用He is a man who likes travelling and reading.和主句关系密切,不用逗号隔开,去掉主句,句子不完整。

2. 非限制性定语从句:对先行词起修饰作用(先行词与定语从句之间用逗号隔开)The house, which I bought last year, has a beautiful garden.也可以对主句起修饰作用He was late again, which made his teacher angry.和主句关系不密切,用逗号分开,去掉主句,句子完整。

2.先行词先行词是被定语从句修饰的成分。

先行词可以是名词、代词或整个主句。

先行词是指人时,可用that, who, whom, whoseThis is the person ( who/whom/that ) you want to see.先行词是指物时,可用which, that, whoseI like to live in a room that / which has a window facing south.3.关系词关系词:关系代词和关系副词两种关系代词:that, which, who, whom, whose, as在从句中作主语,宾语,表语,定语先行词是指人时,可用关系代词:that, who, whom, whoseThis is the person ( who/whom/that ) you want to see.先行词是指物时,可用关系代词:which, that, whoseI like to live in a room that / which has a window facing south.I like to live in a room whose window faces south.=I like to live in a room of which the window faces south.=I like to live in a room the window of which faces south.关系副词:when, where, why 在从句中作状语先行词是表示时间的名词时,可用when, in which, on which等;I never forget the day when / on which I came to this school.先行词是表示地点的名词时,可用where, in which, at which等;The factory where / in which his father works is far from here.This is the factory where /in which he works.如果定语从句修饰point,situation,part,condition和case等表示抽象意义的词,常用where 引导We have reached a point where a change is needed.区分:there’s one point that we must insist on.先行词是表示原因的名词时,可用why, for which等。

高考英语语法解析:定语从句

高考英语语法解析:定语从句

高考英语语法解析:定语从句【篇一】问1:何谓定语从句?答:修饰先行词的从句就叫定语从句。

问2:定语从句分为几种类型?答:定语从句可分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。

问3:限制性定语从句的构成要素有哪些?答:限制性定语从句的构成要包括先行词和关系词。

问4:什么叫先行词?答:被定语从句修饰的名词或代词就叫先行词。

问5:什么关系词?答:引导定语从句的词就叫关系词。

问6:关系词是如何分类的?答:关系词可分为关系代词和关系副词。

问7:关系代词包括哪些?答:关系代词包括that,which,who,whom,whose和as.问8:关系副词包括哪些?答:关系副词包括when,where和why.【篇二】问1:关系代词that和which的区别有哪些?答:1、只要关系代词that的主要情况如下:(1)先行词是不定代词all,anything,everything,little,much,nobody,nothing等时;(2)先行词被不定代词any,no,all等修饰时;(3)先行词被the last,the only,the very,just the 等修饰时;(4)先行词被序数词修饰时;(5)先行词被形容词级修饰时;(6)先行词既指人又指物时;(7)以who或whic引导的疑问句中。

如:Who is the man that is standing over there?Which is the book that you would like to take away?答:2、只用关系代词which的情况如下:(1)在非限制性定语从句中(定语从句前有逗号)(2)介词后【篇三】问1:关系副词有哪些?它们分别怎么样?答:关系副词包括表示时间的when,表示地点的where和表示原因的why.问2:关系副词在限制性定语从句中可以转换为什么?答:在限制性定语从句中,关系副词都可以转换为相应的介词加关系代词。

定语从句 高考英语考点-语法-词汇复习资料

定语从句 高考英语考点-语法-词汇复习资料
They won the game, as we had expected.
They won the game, which we hadn’t expected.
As is well known, he is a famous film star in the 1980s.
the same... as和
②Mr Li has three daughters,but none of _____ is a dancer.
从结构上看,①小题是定语从句,故填whom;
②小题有并列连词but,是并列句,故填代词them。
定语从句

状语从句
定语从句的前面有名词作先行词,而状语从句没有先行词。
This is the place where we used to live a few years ago.
注意:the way做先行词时,定语从句可由that, in which引导或不用引导词。
IV.定语从句与其它从句(句型)的区别
类别
区别
例句
定语从句

并列句
定语从句与并列句的主要区别在于:并列句有像and,but,so等并列连词或两个句子用分号连接,这时就不能再用引导定语从句的关系词了。
①Mr Li has three daughters,none of _____ is an engineer.
2.I like the person to whom the teacher is talking.
3.Those who respect others are usually respected by others.
III. as、which和that的区别
从句

定语从句高考总复习精华版

定语从句高考总复习精华版



对比练习:用适当的关系词填空
1. The room ___w__h_e_r_e/_i_n_w__h_ic_h____ he once lived is still there.
The room _____(_th_a_t_/w__h_ic_h_)_____ I have to clean every day belongs to my mother.
5) She heard a terrible noise, _w_h__ic_h_ brought her heart into her mouth.
1:先行词是everything, nothing, anything, something, much, little, none等不定代词或 由不定代词any, some, no, much, few, little, every, all等修饰时, 引导定语从句用that不用 which。
高三英语第二轮复习
Revision of the Attributive Clause
定语从句复习
一. 定语从句的基本定义
放在名词或代词后面,由关系代词或关系副词 引导的修饰该名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
The boy who is r先行词-- 还原法—确定关系词
(江苏)
对比训练
1. We should go to the place___B__ we are most needed.
2. We should go to the place___C__ needs us most. A. it B. where C. that D. what
3. It was October__C___we met in

高考复习:定语从句

高考复习:定语从句

高考定语从句复习一、定语从句及相关术语1. 定语从句:修饰名词或代词的从句,一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。

2. 先行词:被修饰的名词或代词。

3. 关系词:引导定语从句的关联词。

其中,关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as 等;关系副词有where, when, why等。

关系词常有3个作用:1. 引导定语从句。

2. 代替先行词。

3. 在定语从句中担当一个成分。

二、关系代词引导的定语从句1. who指人,在从句中做主语、宾语(1) The boys who are playing football are from Class One.(2) Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way.2. whom指人,在定语从句中充当宾语,常可省略。

(1) Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked about on the bus.(2) Mr. Ling is just the boy (whom) I want to see.注意:关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替,可省略。

(3) The man who/whom you met just now is my friend.3. which指物,做主语或者宾语,做宾语时可省略(1) Football is a game which is liked by most boys.(2) This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday.4. 既可以指人,也可以指物。

做主语或者宾语,做宾语时可省略。

(1) The number of the people that/who come to visit the city each year rises one million.(2) Where is the man that/whom I saw this morning?5. whose通常指人,也可指物,做定语。

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---陈旭艳
一.定语从句定义
又称形容词性定语从句,修饰前面的名词或代词可翻译“.....的”一个句子I like the girl who wears long hair.
我喜欢这个蓄着长发的女孩。

二.定语从句的结构
先行词+关系词+从句
三.定语从句的分类
●限定性定语从句
●非限定性定语从句
四.关系词的分类及使用
1.关系词:关系代词 who whom that which whose as
关系副词 when where why
2.关系代词的使用
*解题技巧:
1)先找从句(空格到句末为从句)
2)找先行词(被从句修饰)
3)连词成句(根据在动词前后位置判断做什么成分)
4)根据表格选择关系代词
1)当先行词为人时
在从句作主语,用who that
例:She is the girl_____ gives me much advice.
她就是给我很多建议的女孩
在从句作宾语,用whom who that 注意可以省略
例:The singer ____you want to meet is coming
你想要遇到的歌手来了
2)先行词为物时,
在从句作主语,which that
例:The report ___has just been finished is very important. 刚刚完成的那份报告很重要
从句作宾语 which that 注意可省略
例:Mary has that cup __ I want to buy.
玛丽有我想要买的那个杯子
3).先行词指人/物,在从句中作定语:可用whose,of which/of whom
The girl ___hair is golden is from England.
头发金色的那个女孩是英国人
The house ___ roof are broken is empty.
这个屋顶破了的房子是空的
*The house of which the roof are broken is empty. (the roof of the house )
4)As
1.the same.. as/ as..as
2./such as/so...as
3.As everyone knows,as we expected
4.as is reported,as is know to all
He is such a good boy as everyone likes
He is such a good boy that everyone likes him
As everyone know, China is a beautiful country
3.关系副词的使用
当先行词在定语从句中作状语时,要用关系副词
When=in,at,on,during等表示时间的介词+which 作时间状语
Where=in,at,on,under等表示地点的介词+which 作地点状语
Why =for 表原因的介词+which 作原因定语
1)When
先行词为时间类词,比如days,______且可在从句中作时间状语
例: .Do you still remember the day ___we first met in the school
你还记得我们第一次在学校相遇的那天吗
2)Where
先行词为地点类词,比如Place,__等且可在定语从句中作地点状语,
例:This is the place___John was born.
这是John 出生的地方
特殊:地点状语有时会是抽象地点。

常见的先行词有:situation,case,point,stage,atmosphere等
What are some situations ___ body language is the only form of communication?在哪些情形下身体语言是唯一的沟通方式?
3)Why
先行词一般为reason 且在从句作原因状语时
例:Can you tell me the reason ___you didn’t come to his birthday party?
你可以告诉我你为什么没有来生日聚会的原因吗
√五.如何判断填关系代词还是关系副词
*解题技巧及方法
1)先找从句(空格到句末为从句)
2)找先行词(被从句修饰)
3)连词成句(做主,宾,定语-关系代词// 需要加介词,作状语-关系副词中找
1)I still remember the days __I lived in my hometown.
我仍记得这些我住在家乡的日子
I still remember the days __I spend with my grandpa.
我仍记得我和外祖父一起度过的日子
2)The house___we are going to visit was built the last year
我们将要参观的房子建于去年
The house___he lives with his mother is flooded.
他和他妈妈一起住的房子被洪水淹没了
3)This is the reason ___he is absent today.
这是他缺席的原因
This is the reason ___I want to know.
这是我想知道的原因
举一反三
1).This is the hospital __my mother works.
这是我妈妈工作的地方
This is the hospital ___we visited the day before yesterday.
这是我们前天参观的医院
2).Do you know the reason _____ he refused to go to Mary’s birthday party. 你知道他拒绝来玛丽生日聚会的原因吗
This is the reason__ he gave his boss in the office .
这是他给老板的原因
3).Do you still remember the day ___we first met in the school
你还记得我们第一次在学校相遇的那天吗
This was the day__we will not forget forever.
这是我们永远不会忘记的一天。

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