牛津深圳版(广州沈阳通用)八年级英语上册单词课文

八年级（上册）英语教科书课文及译文牛津深圳版Unit 1
﹡encyclopaedia n.百科全书human adj.人的
dinosaur n.恐龙
﹡Italian n.意大利人inventor n. 发明家musician n. 音乐家scientist n.科学家
born v. (be born)出生countryside n.乡村; 农村intelligence n.才智;智慧
﹡artistic adj. 有艺术天赋的ability n. 才能；能力perhaps adv.可能;大概invention n. 发明notebook n. 笔记本
include v. 包括；包含
even adv. (强调出乎意料) 甚至
however adv. 然而
suddenly adv.突然；忽然
nobody pron. 没有人
﹡fossil n. 化石
win v. (won, won) (在比赛中)获胜,赢dollar n.元（美国、加拿大等国货币单位）in the countryside在乡村;在农村
human being人
die out灭绝;消失
find out了解(到);弄清
go for a walk去散步
Unit 2
number n.数字instructions n.[pl.]指示;命令check v.检查；核实
gram n.克（重量单位）son n.儿子
chess n.国际象棋
India n.印度
wise adj. 充满智慧的challenge v.向(某人)挑战promise v.许诺;承诺
prize n.奖赏;奖品
grain n. 谷粒chessboard n.国际象棋棋盘double v.（使）加倍amount n.数量；数额
rest n.剩余部分
gold n.金子；黄金
instead adv.代替;顶替
realize v.认识到;意识到
copy v.抄写;誊写
correctly adv.准确无误地;正确地traffic n.交通
accident n. (交通)事故
a long time ago很早以前challenge…to… 向(某人)挑战and so on……等等
copy down抄写;誊写
Unit 3
order n.订货;订购
compare v.比较；对比
monitor n.(计算机)显示器
speaker n.扬声器
main unit n.(计算机)主机
keyboard n.(计算机或打字机的) 键盘mouse n. (计算机)鼠标type v.打字
brain n.脑
control v.操纵,控制(机器或系统等) expensive adj.昂贵的;价格高的
tiny adj. 极小的;微小的
depend v.依靠;依赖
﹡calculate v.计算
speed n.速度
operate v.操作；控制railway n.铁路系统company n.公司
price n.价格
total n.总额;合计
inch n.英寸
sell v.(sold, sold)出售;售卖popular adj.受喜爱的; 受欢迎的work as从事……工作
(be) unaware of没意识到;未察觉depend on依靠
in addition除……以外(还) grand total总计;共计
look forward to盼望;期待
Unit 4
advertisement n.广告
funny adj.滑稽的;好笑的
create v.创造;创作
telephone n.电话;电话机
wheel n.车轮;轮子
comfortable adj.使人舒服的;舒适的carriage n.(旧时载客的)四轮马车century n.世纪
passenger n.乘客；旅客
invent v.发明；创造
practical adj.有用的;适用的
since prep.从……以后;自……以来distance n.距离;间距
mobile phone n.移动电话;手机anytime adv.在任何时候
develop v.开发；研制
lamp n.灯
candle n.蜡烛
daytime n.白天;日间
dust n.灰尘;尘土
special adj.特殊的;特别的
wing n.(飞行器的)翅膀;机翼introduction n.引言
instead of prep.代替;作为……的替换petrol n.汽油
since then自那以来
keep in touch with与……保持联系in the daytime在白天keep…off使……不接近(或不接触、远离)……at the same time同时
Unit 5
educational
adj.有关教育的;有教育意义的
exchange n.交流;互访
culture n.文化
host n.主人
local adj.地方的;当地的
British adj.英国的
glad adj. 高兴;愉快
guest n.客人;宾客
chopstick n.筷子
weekday n.工作日(星期一至星期五的某一天) tour v.在……旅游
fantastic adj.极好的;了不起的
experience n. (一次)经历,体验
﹡t'ai chi n.太极(拳)
already adv.已经;早已
introduce v.使……初次了解……;使尝试success n.成功yet adv.尚未;仍未
respect v.慎重对待;尊重
at first起初；起先
so far到目前为止;迄今为止
a bit of小量
introduce…to…使……初次了解……;使尝试come over (to…)(通常远距离地)从……到……
Unit 6
ancient adj.古代的
Trojan adj.特洛伊的& n.特洛伊人
war n.战争
understand v.(understood, understood)懂;理解difference n.差别;不同（之处）pyramid n.(古埃及的)金字塔captain n.首领
Greek n.希腊人
capture v.用武力夺取; 攻占soldier n.士兵
huge adj. 巨大的
pull v.(向某穷向)拖,拉动
main adj. 主要的
celebrate v.庆祝；庆贺
stupid adj.笨的; 傻的
midnight n.午夜;子夜
empty adj.空的
except prep.除……之外
secret adj.秘密的
side n．侧面
quietly adv.安静地
army n.陆军部队
enter v.进来；进入
succeed v.达到目的;实现目标
trick n.计谋
prince n.王子
queen n.王后
steal v. (stole, stolen)偷;窃取
punish v.处罚；惩罚
scene n.(戏剧或歌剧的)场
sir n.先生
act out将……表演出来
make jokes about拿……开玩笑;以……为笑柄except for除……之外
(be) full of (有)大量的; (有)许多的
in the end最后
come on (用于命令)快;加油;加把劲
Unit 7
memory n.记忆力;记性n.回忆;记忆
corner n.角
lose v.(lost, lost)丧失;失去
improve v.改进；改善
mention v.提到；说到
method n.方法；办法
spelling n.拼写；拼法
mind n.头脑；大脑
silly adj.可笑的
mile n.英里
letter n.字母
worth adj.值得;有价值
spell v.(spelt, spelt)用字母拼;拼写
unless conj. 除非
trouble n. 困难list n. 清单
step n.步骤
cycle n.循环
similar adj.相像的;类似的
note n.纸币
wallet n.钱包；皮夹子
basket n.篮; 筐
manager n. (企业的)经理
take out (从银行账户中)提取(款)
pour out涌出
Unit 8
speech n.演说；发言
notice n. 通告；布告
competition n.比赛;竞赛
treasure n.珍宝;宝物
text n.文本
chance n.机会；机遇
confidently adv. 自信地
topic n.话题
winner n. 优胜者
advise v.建议
several det.几个;一些
opinion n.意见；想法
whole adj.整个的；全部的
suggestion n.建议; 提议
communicate v.(与某人)交流信息;沟通whenever conj.在任何……的时候;在任何……的情况下
rich adj. 富有的;富裕的
poor adj.贫穷的;贫寒的
hide v.(hid, hidden)藏；隐蔽
attack v.袭击; 攻击
shy adj.羞怯的；腼腆的
else adv.其他的；别的
choose v.(chose, chosen)选择;挑选
treasure hunt寻宝游戏
in public公开地;在别人(尤指生人)面前
put on上演
in my opinion 依我看
above all 最重要的是;尤其是
look out 小心;当心
Unit1 Encyclopaedias
（p3）Look it up!
Here are two articles from an encyclopaedia.
Da Vinci, Leonardo
Leonardo da Vinci(1452-1519) was an Italian painter, inventor, musician, engineer and scientist.
Da Vinci was born in the countryside. From an early age, he showed great intelligence and artistic abilit y. As he grew older, he learnt to do many different things. His paintings are very famous, and one, the Mona Lisa, is perhaps the most famous painting in the world. He also had many inventions. For examp le, his notebooks include some interesting drawings of flying machines. (See Art)
Dinosaurs
Dinosaurs lived on Earth more than 60 million years before human beings. They lived everywhere on E arth. Some dinosaurs were as small as chickens. Others were as big as ten elephants. Some could even fly.
Many dinosaurs ate plants. However, some dinosaurs liked to eat meat.
Dinosaurs lived on Earth for more than 150 million years. Then,suddenly, they all died out. Nobody knows why. However, we can learn about them from their fossils. (See Earth history)
查找它
这里有来自百科全书的两篇文章。

列奥纳多•达•芬奇
列奥纳多•达•芬奇(1452 - 1519)是意大利画家,发明家,音乐家,工程师和科学家。

达芬奇出生在农村。

从很小的时候,他表现出极大的智慧和艺术才能。

当他长大时,他学会了做很多不同的事情。

他的画是非常出名的,其中一个,蒙娜丽莎,也许是世界上最著名的画。

他也有很多发明。

例如,他的笔记本包括一些有趣的飞行机器的图画。

(见艺术) 恐龙
恐龙生活在地球上人类6000万多年前。

他们生活在地球各个地方。

一些恐龙和鸡一样小。

其他的有十头大象一样大。

一些甚至可以飞。

许多恐龙吃植物。

然而,一些恐龙喜欢吃肉。

恐龙在地球上生活了1.5亿多年。

然后,突然,他们都灭绝了。

没有人知道为什么。

不过,我们可以从化石中了解他们。

(见地球历史)
P.13 More practice
Australia's big attractions
Australia is a very big country. It also has many big attractions.
The Big Banana
The Big Banana is in Coffs Harbour. It was made in 1964 by John Landy. Landy wanted something to make people come to his fruit shop, so he built the Big Banana. The idea worked. Many people visited his fruit shop and took pictures of the Big Banana. Soon people all over Australia began making big thi ngs.
The Big Merino
The Big Merino is in the city of Goulburn. Merinos are a type of sheep. They can live in dry weather. Some places in Australia are very dry, so these sheep are very important to the farmers there. Inside the Big Merino, there is a small museum about the history of wool in Australia.Visitors can also climb up t o the Big Merion’s head and look at the view through its eyes.
Unit 2 Numbers
p.19. The king and the rice
A long time ago, there was a king in India. The king’s favourite game was chess.
One day, a wise old man came to the palace and the king challenged him to a game. The king promisd the old man, “ You can have any prize if you win the game.”
The old man said, “If I win the game, I’d like one grain of rice for the first square of the chessboard, two for the second, four for the third, and then double the amount for each of the rest of the squares.”“Is that all?” asked the king. “Wouldn’t you like gold or silver instead?”
“No, just rice,” replied the old man.
The king and the old man played the game for a long time. Finally, the old man won. So the king ord ered his men to collect a bag of rice. He put one grain on the first square, two on the second, and so on. The king quickly realized the problem --- even with all the rice in the country, he would still not have enough rice to put on all the squares!
国王和大米
很久很久以前,有个印度的国王。

国王最喜欢的比赛是国际象棋。

有一天,一个睿智的老人来到皇宫,国王向他挑战比赛。

国王允诺老人:“如果你赢得比赛你可以拥有任何奖品,。

”
老人说“如果我赢得比赛:,我想要一粒大米在棋盘的第一个方格,两粒在第二个,四粒在第三个,然后使每个剩余的方格在数量上加倍。

”
“就这些吗?”国王问道。

“难道你不想要金银来代替?”
“不,只是大米,老人回答说:。

国王和老人玩了很长时间。

最后,老人赢了。

国王命令他的助手们收集了一袋大米。

他把一粒放在第一个方格,两粒在第二个,以此类推。

国王很快意识到这一问题——即使算上这个国家的所有大米,他仍然没有足够的大米放满所有的方格!
P.29 More practice
Counting before numbers
Before the invention of written numbers, people used many different ways to count things.
At first, people use their fingers, and even their toes. However, they could only count small numbers in this way.
After that, they began to make small marks on sticks and bones. This helped them count bigger numbers. They used them to count the days of the month, the amount of food and the number of animals they have.
Then people began to use tokens made from clay or small stones. This helped them count even bigger numbers. They often put the tokens on pieces of string so that they could carry them around easily. This developed into tools like the abacus.
Finally, people began to develop systems of written marks to show different numbers, and this led to the Hindu---Arabic system(0-9). We are still using this system today.
词组
at first 起初，开始
a piece of string 一根绳子
develop into 发展成……
lead sb to ...带某人去……
lead sb to do sth 带领某人做某事
agree with sb 同意某人
agree to do sth 同意做某事
not ...any more =no more = not....any longer= no longer 不再
take place 发生
happen 发生
at once 立刻
as usual 和往常一样
keep your dream 坚持你的梦想not.....at all 一点也不
besides 除了……还有
except for 除了……（不同类）
except 除了……（同类）but 除了
be late for 迟到all year round 全年，整年
order sb to do sth 命令某人做某事
Unit 3 Computers
P.35 Computer facts
Smaller and better
In the 1940s, the first computers were bigger than cars. Now computers are becoming smaller and better. Some computers are tiny. You may be unaware of them. There is probably one inside your TV or wash ing machine. You depend on computers more than you realize.
What can we do with computers?
We can use computers to calculate. They can calculate at a faster speed than we can and almost never give wrong answers. We can also type and draw things with them. In addition, computers can do important jobs like operating railways and flying planes and spaceships.
Is a computer cleverer than me?
The answer is “No”. Your brain can produce new ideas but computers cannot. However, one day computers may be able to a better job than human beings. For example, they may be better than doctors at doing their job.
What will happen to us if computers can do all our jobs? Will we have nothing to do? Computers may change our lives, but will they make them better?
电脑的事实
越小越好
在1940年代,第一台计算机比汽车大。

现在电脑变得越小越好。

一些电脑很小。

你可能都没有意识到他们。

可能在你的电视或洗衣机里就有一个。

你比你了解到的更加依赖电脑。

我们可以用电脑做什么?
我们可以用电脑来计算。

他们可以以更快的速度比我们所能计算,几乎从未给错误的答案。

我们也可以用它们打字和画画。

此外,电脑能做重要的工作如操作铁路系统，驾驶飞机和宇宙飞船。

计算机比我聪明吗?
答案是“不”。

你的大脑能产生新想法,但计算机不能。

然而,有一天计算机可以比人类更好的工作。

例如,他们可能比医生更好地做他们的工作。

如果电脑能做所有的工作会对我们发生什么?我们会无事可做吗?电脑可能会改变我们的生活,但是他们会使生活更好吗?
Unit 4 Inventions
Great inventions
Great inventions change the world. They help people live a better life. The following are three of the most important inventions in history.
The wheel
The wheel is perhaps the greatest invention in history. After its invention, travelling became faster and more comfortable. A few thousand years ago, people started to use wheels on carriages. In the early
19th century, the first trains began to carry passengers. At the start of the 20th century, cars became popular. Without the wheel, we would not have these inventions.
The telephone
Alexander Graham Bell invented one of the first practical telephones in 1876. Since then, people have been able to speak to each other over long distances. Today millions of people across the world own
mobile phones. They allow people to keep in touch with each other anytime, anywhere.
The light bulb
Thomas Edison developed the first practical light bulb in 1879. Before the invention of the light bulb, people had to use oil lamps, gas lamps or candles to see at night. With light bulbs, people can do as many things in the evening as they can in the daytime. Can you imagine living without them?
伟大的发明
伟大的发明改变世界。

他们帮助人们过上更好的生活。

以下是三个历史上最重要的发明。

轮子
车轮也许是历史上最伟大的发明。

它发明后, 旅行变得更快、更舒适。

几千年前,人们开始使用轮子在马车上。

在19世纪早期,第一列火车开始载客。

20世纪初,汽车开始流行起来。

没有轮子,我们将没有这些发明。

电话
亚历山大•格雷厄姆•贝尔于1876年发明了第一个实用的电话。

从那时起,人们已经能够长距离彼此说话。

今天世界各地数以百万计的人们拥有手机。

他们使得人们彼此保持联系在任何时间,任何地方。

灯泡
托马斯•爱迪生在1879年开发第一个实用的灯泡。

在灯泡的发明之前, 在晚上人们必须使用油灯,气体灯或蜡烛来看。

有了灯泡,人们在晚上可以像在白天一样做尽可能多的事情。

你能想象没有他们的生活吗?
Unit 5 Educational exchanges
An exchange visit is educational and interesting!
A group of British students from Woodpark School in London are visiting Xinhua Junior High School in Beijing on an educational exchange.
“I was very nervous at first,” says Sarah. “However, my host family are really friendly. I’m glad to be a guest in their home. I’ve learnt to use chopsticks, and they’re teaching me a little Chinese!”
The students spend the weekdays studying with Chinese students. At the weekend, they tour around Beijing and visit places of interest with their host families.
“It’s been a fantastic experience so far,” says Eric. “ I’ve learnt a bit of t’ai chi, and I really enjoy it. We’ve already learnt a lot about Chinese culture and history. The teachers have introduced us to Chinese painting as well. We’ll also tried to paint some pictures ourselves! I haven’t had much success yet, but I’ll keep trying.”
“I’ve made many new friends,” says Sarah.”I plan to keep in touch with them when I return home. We’ll see one another soon because they’ll come over to the UK for the sec ond part of the exchange next month. I can’t wait!”
教育交流
交换访问有教育意义，并且很有趣!
一批来自伦敦Woodpark学校的英国学生正在一次教育交流中访问北京新华初中学校。

“一开始我很紧张,”莎拉说。

“不过,我的寄宿家庭真的很友好。

我很高兴成为他们家里的一个客人。

我已学会了用筷子,并且他们正在教我一些汉语!”
学生们平日和中国学生一起学习。

周末,他们到北京周边旅游，和他们的寄宿家庭一起参观名胜古迹。

“迄今为止都是一个奇妙的经历”，埃里克说。

“我已经学会了太极拳,,我真的很喜欢它。

我们已经学到了很多关于中国文化和历史。

老师还向我们介绍中国画。

我们还将尝试自己画一些画!我还没有取得成功,但我会继续努力。

”
“我已交了许多新朋友,”莎拉说。

“我打算当我回到家与他们保持联系,。

我们很快就能见到彼此,因为他们将在下个月第二部分交流的时候来英国。

我等不及了!”
Unit 6 Ancient stories
The Trojan horse
The capital stood on the high wall of the city of Troy. “The Greeks have gone and we’ve won,” he said. “ They’ve tried to capture our city for ten years. Now they’ve given up and sailed away!”
“But look over there,” a soldier said. “They’ve left a huge wooden horse.”
“Ah, yes,” the captain said, “it’s too big. The Greeks didn’t want to take it with them. Get some help and pull it into the city.”
That night, in the main square of the city, all the Trojans celebrated. They sang and danced around the horse, and made jokes about the stupid Greeks. “I haven’t laughed like this since my childhood,” the captain said. After the party, they locked all the gates of the city and then all went to sleep.
By midnight, the main square was empty, except for the huge horse. Suddenly a secret door opened on the side of the wooden horse. The horse was full of Greek soldiers! They quietly climbed out of the horse one by one.
The soldiers opened the main gates. The Greek army entered the city.
For ten years, the Greeks could not capture the city by fighting. In one night, however, they succeeded in capturing it through a clever trick.
古代故事
特洛伊木马
首领站在特洛伊城的高墙上。

“希腊人已经走了,我们赢了,”他说。

“他们试图占领我们的城市已经十年了。

现在他们已经放弃并且起航走了!”
“但看那边,”一名士兵说。

“他们留下了一个巨大的木马。

”
“啊,是的,”船长说,“它太大了。

希腊人不想带着它。

找些帮手把它拖进城。

”
那天晚上,在城市的广场,所有特洛伊人在庆祝。

他们在马边唱歌跳舞,开着关于愚蠢的希腊人的玩笑。

“我自小时候起就没有这样笑了,”首领说。

晚会之后,他们锁了城市的所有大门,然后去睡觉。

午夜,广场是空的,除了巨大的马。

突然木马一边一个秘密的门开了。

马里面全都是希腊士兵!他们悄悄地一个个爬出木马。

士兵们打开了大门。

希腊军队进入了城市。

长达十年来,希腊不能通过战争占领此城。

然而,在一天晚上,他们通过一个聪明的伎俩成功地占领。

Unit 7 Memory
Henry, Paula and Millie write for the school newspaper. They have written the short articles below to help students improve their memory.
Memory Corner
Henry
A great way to help you remember something is to imagine a picture of it in your mind. If you make the picture big, strange or silly, you will remember it better. For example, to remember the word “smile s”, we can imagine there is a “mile” between the first letter and the last letter. This makes it the longest word in the world.
Paula
A good method for remembering the spelling of a word is to make a short sentence with each letter of the word. For example, if you want to remember how to spell the word “because”, you can use the sentence “Big elephants can always understand small elephants”.
Millie
You will forget something very quickly unless you understand it well. For example, you may have trouble remembering the list of steps in the water cycle. However, it is easier to remember these steps if you understand how the water cycle works.
亨利,宝拉和米莉学校的报纸写文章。

他们写了下面的短文章来帮助学生提高他们的记忆。

记忆角
亨利
来帮助你记住东西的一个很好的方法是在你的头脑中想象它的图片。

如果你让这幅画大,奇怪的或者愚蠢的,你会更好地记住它。

例如,要记住“微笑”这个词,我们可以想象在第一个字母和最后一个字母之间存在一“英里”。

这使它成为世界上最长的单词。

宝拉
记住一个单词的拼写的一个好方法是让单词的每个字母来造一个短句子。

例如,如果你想记住如何拼写“因为”这个词,您可以使用这个句子“大象总是可以理解小象”。

米莉
你将很快忘记某东西,除非你理解它。

例如,您可能很难记住水循环的系列步骤。

然而, 如果你理解水循环是如何运作的会更容易记住这些步骤。

Unit 8 English Week
English: fun for life
English Week at Rosie Bridge School
Last week, students at Rosie Bridge School worked hard to make their English Week a big success. There was an English book fair in the library and a treasure hunt. Some students put on an English play. Other students took part in an English singing competition.
There was also a speaking competition. The students had to speak on a topic in English for two minutes.
We spoke to the winne r, Henry. “I’m so happy that I won,” he said. “I advise people to speak slowly. If they want to be good public speakers, they’d better speak clearly and confidently.”
We also spoke to several other students about English Week. One of them was Amy.
“I reall y enjoyed English Week. It gave me a chance to learn new words. In my opinion, every school should have an English Week. It’s well worth doing,” she said.
On the last day of English Week, the head teacher gave a speech to the whole school. He gave student s some suggestions on how to improve their English. “You should communicate in English with your friends whenever you can. You should read English books and magazines, and watch English television programmes. Above all, you should enjoy English!” he said.
英语:生活的乐趣
罗西桥学校英语周
上周, 罗西桥学校的学生们的努力工作使他们的英语周大获成功。

在图书馆里有一个英语书籍义卖和寻宝活动。

一些学生上演了一个英语话剧。

其他同学参加了一个英语歌唱比赛。

还有一个演讲比赛。

学生们必须用英语作一个两分钟的主题演讲。

我们采访了获胜者,亨利。

“我很高兴我赢了,”他说。

“我建议人们说慢点。

如果他们想成为好的公众演说家,他们最好表达清晰而且自信。

”
我们也和其他几个学生关于英语周作了交流。

其中一个是艾米。

“我真的很喜欢英语周。

它给了我一个机会来学习新单词。

在我看来,每个学校都应该有一个英语周。

这是值得做的事情,”她说。

在英语周的最后一天,校长发表了全校演讲。

他给了学生们一些关于如何提高他们的英语水平的建议。

“你应该尽可能和你的朋友用英语交流。

你应该读英语书和杂志,看英语电视节目。

最重要的是,你应该享受英语!”他说。