牛津英语8B Unit6 Sunshine for all单元解析
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性,平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益,请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间:9:00-18:30)。
---------------------------------------------------------------最新资料推荐------------------------------------------------------ 牛津英语8B Unit6 Sunshine for all单元解析
牛津英语 8B Unit6 Sunshine for all 单元解析 Comic strip 1.I’m training to be a volunteer for the Olympic Games 我正在训练成为一名奥林匹克运动会的志愿者。
( 教材第 78 页) train 此处用作不及物动词,意为接受训练;培训,训练。
He is training to be a doctor.他正在接受医生培训。
Tom is raining on the playground.汤姆正在操场上训练。
[ 拓展] ①train 还可用作及物动词,意为训练,培训。
We should train students to behave politely.我们应该训练学生表现有礼貌。
②train 还可用作可数名词,意为火车。
ILL go there by train.我将乘火车去那里。
③training 不可数名词,意为训练。
Before work. we should receive training.工作前,我们应接受训练。
2.Will you support me, Eddie? 你会支持我吗,埃迪迪? ( 教材第 78 页) support 此处用作及物动词,意为支持。
support sb. in(doing)sth.在(做)某事上支持某人。
We support you, Lily.莉莉,我们支持你。
I will support you in publishing your book.我会支持你把
1 / 22
你的书出版。
[ 拓展] ①support 还可用作不可数名词,意为支持,拥护。
He needs our support.他需要我们的支持。
supporter 可数名词,意为支持者,拥护者。
He has many supporters.他有很多拥护者。
3.It’s meaningful to do something for the Olympics. 为奥运会做事情是很有意义的。
( 教材第78 页) meaningful 形容词,意为有意义的,其反义词为 meaningless,意为无意义的,在句中可作表语或定语。
What he has done is meaningful.他所做的很有意义。
He gave me a meaningful look.他意味深长地看了我一眼。
[ 拓展] ①mean 及物动词,意为意思是....。
What does the word mean?这个单词是什么意思? ②meaning 名词,意为意思,含义,意义。
What is the meaning of the word?这个单词是什么意思? 4. I need some more food to eat at work. 我工作时需要再多吃一些食物。
( 教材第 78 页) (1)need 此处用作及物动词,意为需要;需求,其否定句或疑问句都要借助于助动词 do, does或 did。
主要有以下用法: ①need sth.需要某物 She needs some paper to write on.她需要些纸写东西。
②need to do sth.需要做某事I don’t need to go shopping.
---------------------------------------------------------------最新资料推荐------------------------------------------------------ 我不需要去购物。
(我去购物) ③need doing... (= need to be done) .....要被做,表示被动意义。
The door needs repairing.这门需要修理了。
(门应被修) [ 拓展] (1).need 还可用作情态动词,意为需要,没有人称和数的变化,常用于疑问句和否定句中。
变疑问句时直接把 need 提前,变否定句时用 need not 或needn’t,后接动词原形。
Need I hand in my homework now?我现在需要交家庭作业吗? You needn’t explain it to him. He has under-stood it.你不必给他解释,他已经懂了。
②need 还可用作名词,意为需要;需求。
We have no need to be afraid of them.我们不必怕他们。
A friend in need is a friend indeed.患难中的朋友,才是真正的朋友。
(2)some more 意为再来一点,再多一些,more 可位于some ,many,much,any 或数词的后面, 表示再, 又。
Give me some more, please.请再多给我一些。
I need two more tickets.我还需要两张票。
[ 拓展] 数词+more+名词相当于another+数词+名词,意为再/ ..... We want to buy two more novels. = We want to buy another
3 / 22
two novels.我们想再买 2 本小说。
Welcome to the unit 1.blind 瞎的( 教材第 79 页) blind 形容词,意为瞎的。
He is blind in both eyes. 他双目失明。
The writer went blind when she was 50 years old.那位作家 50 岁时失明了。
[ 拓展]由由 blind 构成的短语: go blind 失明 turn a blind eye to .对...佯装不见 be blind to ...视而不见 2.deaf 聋的( 教材第 79 页) deaf 形容词,意为聋的,可作表语或定语。
He is a deaf man.他是个聋人。
He is deaf of an ear.他一只耳朵聋了。
[ 拓展]①be deaf to advice 意为不听劝告。
Tom is always deaf to advice.汤姆总是不听劝告。
②turn a deaf ear to...意为对.....耳不闻。
Don’t turn a deaf ear to what I said.不要对我所说的置若罔闻。
注意 the 可与 deaf, blind 连用,表示一类人,作主语时谓语动词用复数形式。
The deaf/blind are disabled. We should help them.聋人/盲人是残疾人。
我们应该帮助他们。
③disabled 残疾的(教材第 79 页) disabled 形容词,意为残
---------------------------------------------------------------最新资料推荐------------------------------------------------------ 疾的,在句中作表语或定语。
Ben can’t hear anything. He’s disabled.本听不见任何东西,他是名残疾人。
His father is a disabled soldier.他父亲是一名残疾军人。
[ 拓展] disable 用作及物动词,意为使丧失能力;使残疾。
He was disabled in the accident.他在那起事故中残疾了。
4. elderly 年老的( 教材第 79 页) elderly 形容词,意为年老的。
It’s polite to give seats to the elderly.给老年人让座是有礼貌的。
We often help the elderly people wash their clothes at an old people s home. 我们经常在一家养老院帮老年人洗衣服。
5.homeless 无家可归的( 教材第 79 页) homeless 形容词,意为无家可归的,在句中可作补足语、定语或表语,它是由home+否定后缀-less构成的。
Floods made thousands of people homeless.水灾使成千上万的人无家可归。
The dog is poor. It’s homeless.这只狗很可怜,它无家可归。
[ 拓展]常见的由后缀Iess 构成的单词:careless 马虎的; useless 无用的; harmless 无害的;meaningless 没有意义的;endless 无尽的; helpless 无助的 6.They can provide special
5 / 22
places for homeless people to stay. 他们可以为无家可归的人提供特别的地方居住。
( 教材第 79 页) 辨析 provide 与与 offer 两者都有提供;供给之意,但在用法上有所不同。
为应付意外、紧急情况等①provide 指有远见,放好充分准备而供给;提供,常用结构为 provide sb. with sth.或 provide sth. for sb.,意为为某人提供某物。
Our school provides good food for the students.我们学校为学生提供好的伙食。
②offer 侧重于愿意给予,常用结构为 offer sb.sth.或 offer sth. To sb.,意为为某人提供某物;还可用于结构 offer to do sth.中,表示愿意做某事,但其后不能接宾语从句。
The kind man offered the old man some money.这位好心人给了那个老人一些钱。
He offers to help the poor students.他愿意帮助贫穷的学生。
Reading 1.Liu Ming did not know what to expect when he volunteered for the Special Olympics World Summer Games in Shanghai,back in October 2007. 当刘明准备为 2007 年年 10 月在上海举行的夏季特奥会做志愿者时,他不知道能期待什么。
( 教材第 80 页) (1)expect 及物动词, 意为期待指望,预料。
主要用法如下: ①expect sh.期待/预料某事 The old man is expecting a call from his son.那位老人正期待他儿子的电话。
---------------------------------------------------------------最新资料推荐------------------------------------------------------ We are expecting a rise in food prices this month.我们预计这个月的食物价格会上涨。
②expect to do sth.预料/指望做某事 I expect to be back within a week.我预料一周之内回来。
You can’t expect to lea rn a foreign language in several months.你不要指望在几个月内学会一门外语。
③expect sb. to do sth.期待/预料指望某人做某事 We were expecting him to arrive yesterday.我们一直期待着他昨天到达。
I didn’t expect him to stay so long.我没料到他会待那么久。
④expect+ that 从句预计.... 料想..... (2) volunteer 此处用作不及物动词,意为志愿做,义务做; 还可用作及物动词, volunteer to do sth. 意为志愿做某事。
Last summer I volunteered at the local hospital.去年夏天,我在当地医院做过志愿服务。
The teacher volunteered to help the disabled student.那位教师义务帮助那个残疾的学生。
[ 拓展]①volunteer 还可用作可数名词,意为志愿者。
I want to be a volunteer to help the homeless people.我想做一名志愿者来帮助无家可归的人。
7 / 22
②voluntary 形容词,意为义务的,志愿的。
The college students often do some voluntary work in their spare time.这些大学生经常在他们的空余时间里做义工。
2. The Special Olympics World Games give children and adults with intellectual disabilities a chance to show their skills to the world. 特奥会给有智力缺陷的孩子和成人一个向全世界展示能力的机会。
( 教材第 80 页) (1 ) chance 为可数名词,意为机会。
give sb. A chance to do)sth. 意为给某人一个做某事的机会,,have a chance to do sth. = have a chance of doing sth. 意为有做某事的机会。
I will give you a chance to be a volunteer.我会给你一个做志愿者的机会。
Do you have a chance to win?你有赢的机会吗? (2) 介词短语作后置定语句中的 with intellectual disabilities 为后置定语,修饰 children and adults 。
介词短语作定语般要后置。
The students on duty are cleaning the classroom.值日生正在打扫教室。
3. They include many events similar to those in the Olympics.. 它们包括很多与奥运会类似的比赛项目.....( 教材第80 页) (1 )include 及物动词,意为包括; 包含,不能用于进行
---------------------------------------------------------------最新资料推荐------------------------------------------------------ 时态。
The subjects include nature,environment and animals.话题包括自然、环境和动物。
This plan includes most of your suggestions.这个计划包含了你的大部分建议。
(2)event 此处用作可数名词,意为( 运动) 比赛项目; 大事。
How many events are there at your school sports meeting?你们学校的运动会有多少比赛项目? It’s an event in history.那是历史上的一件大事。
(3)similar 形容词,意为同样的,类似的,be similar to 意为... 相似中,其中 to 为介词,其后多接名词或代词。
be similar in 意为在在..... 方面相似。
His conclusion is similar to yours.他的总结和你的相似。
They are similar in colour.它们在颜色上相似。
4. Over 40000 people gave up their spare time for the 2007 Special Olympics World Games.了为了 2007 年特奥会 4 万多人放弃了他们的空闲时间。
( 教材第 80 页) Give up 意为放弃,是动词+副词结构的短语,如果人称代词作宾语,则要放在 give 和up 中间;如果名词作宾语,则可以放在 give 与 up 之间,也可以放在 up 之后。
give up 可作为不及物动词短语使用,也可作为及物动词短语使
9 / 22
用,后接名词、代词或动词-ing 形式作宾语。
give up doing sth.意为放弃做某事。
She doesn’t give up ea sily. 她不轻易放弃。
Don’t give up studying.不要放弃学习。
中考●链接一 I find it difficult to learn English well. I
want to drop it. 一 English is very important in our daily
life.Never________________. A. give up it B. give it up C. give away it D. give it away 解析:我们可用语境分
析法解答此题。
give up放弃;give away捐赠;赠送。
根:据上文句意我发现学好英语很难,我想放弃:它和英语在我们
的日常生活中很重要可:知此处应表示决不要放弃它,故排除 C、D 两
项;give up 是动词+副词型短语,宾:语是人称代词时须放在两词之
间,故选 B。
:答案:B 5.It was necessary for these volunteers to receive training before doing the tasks. 对这些志愿者来说,在做工作
之前接受培训是很有必要的。
( 教材第 80 页) task 此处用作可数名词,意为任务,工作,
尤指困难的、令人不快的或必须定期做的工作。
the task of...意为....的任务,...的工作。
My task is to help the disabled.我的任务是帮助残疾人。
They gave me the task of making a fire.他们给了我生火的
---------------------------------------------------------------最新资料推荐------------------------------------------------------ 任务。
6 . I was the swimming coach for a young boy from North China called LiHai.. 我是李海的游泳教练,他是一个来自华北的年轻男..... ( 教材第 81 页) coach 此处用作可数名词,意为教练,其复数形式为 coaches。
He is a football coach.他是一名足球教练。
The coaches are explaining the training to the players.教练们正在给运动员们解释培训事宜。
[ 拓展] ①coach 还可用作及物动词,意为训练,指导。
Could you help coach a football team for lttlte 2kids?你能帮助训练一支少年足球队吗? ②coach 还可用作可数名词,意为客车,长途汽车 A coach got to the station.一辆客车到达了车站。
7 He was born with intellectual disabilities. 他生下来就有智力缺陷。
( 教材第 81 页) be born with 意为生来具.... He was born with a good memory.他生来记性就好。
[ 拓展] be born to do...意为天生适合做.... She was born to be a writer.她天生就是个作家。
8 To Li Hai, the most important thing is not to win a gold or a silver, but to take part. 对李海来说, 最重要的事不是赢得金牌或银牌,而是参与。
11 / 22
( 教材第 81 页) (1) not... but.. 意为不不.... 而......
The book is not hers but mine.这本书不是她的,而是我的。
(2 ) gold 此处用作可数名词,意为金牌。
He won many golds.他赢得了很多金牌。
[ 拓展] ①gold 用作不可数名词,意为黄金,金子。
How much gold do you have?你有多少黄金? ②gold 用作形容
词,意为金黄色的;金质的。
He is wearing a gold jacket.他穿着一件金黄色的夹克。
The girl with a gold watch is Mary.那个戴金表的女孩是玛
丽。
(3)take part 意为参加,参与,这是一个不及物动词短语,
后面不能加宾语; 若要跟宾语,用则要用 take part in 。
There was a birthday party la st night. But he didn’t take
part.昨晚有一个生日宴会,但他没有参加。
Students should take part in the school activities.学生
应该参加学校活动。
中考●接链接 To athletes, the most important thing is not
to win a gold or a silver, but to________. A. take part B. take notice C. take place D. take care 解
析:我们可用常识法解答此题。
take part 意为参加;take notice 意为注意;takeplace 意为发
生;举办;take care 意为当心,注意。
---------------------------------------------------------------最新资料推荐------------------------------------------------------ 由常识参加比赛重在参与可知句意为对运动员来说,最重要的事情不是赢得金牌或银牌,而是参与。
故选 A。
答案:A 9. He feels more confident now because of the Special Olympics World Games. 由于特奥会,他现在觉得更自信了。
( 教材第 81 页) confident 形容词,意为自信的,可以作表语或定语。
be confident of sth.意为......信心; be confident-that 从句,意为确信........对....信心。
Are you confident?你自信吗? The coach is a confident person.那位教练是一个自信的人。
Mary is confident of passing the exam. = Mary is confident that she can pass the exam.玛丽自信能通过考试。
10 Athletes and volunteers from different backgrounds feel like part of one big family. 来自不同背景的运动员和志愿者感觉就像一个大家庭中的一员。
( 教材第 81 页) feel like 意为觉得,感觉像是,like 是介词,后跟名词、动词-ing 形式或从句。
He feels like catching a cold 他像是感冒了。
They made me feel like one of the family.他们使我觉得自己是家庭中的一员。
13 / 22
I feel like that I am ill.我觉得我病了。
[ 拓展] feel like 还可意为想要,想,后接名词或动名词作宾语,表示目前或一时的愿望。
Do you feel like a cup of tea?你想来杯茶吗? I am feeling sick.
I don’t feel like eating anything.我感到恶心,我什么也不想吃。
11 It’s great for us to work closely with these special athletes. 对我们来说, 能和这些特殊运动员们密切合作真的很棒。
( 教材第 81 页) 辨析: closely, close 与与 closed closely 副词密切地,表示抽象性的接近 close 副词,不远,接近地, 表示场所、位置的接近形容词邻近的,亲密的,表示位置、关系的近动词关,闭 closed 形容词关着的,闭着的 This problem is closely connected with that one.这个问题与那个问题密切相关。
His father lives quite close by.他父亲住得很近。
My close friend’s house is close to the school.我挚友的家紧邻学校。
----Jim, close the door please!吉姆,请把门关上!- ----The door is closed now.门现已关上了。
12.You get to help them achieve their dreams.. 你有机会帮助他们实现梦想......( 教材第 81 页 1)get to do sth. 此处意为有机会做某事,得到做某事的机会。
---------------------------------------------------------------最新资料推荐------------------------------------------------------ He got to take part in the Olympics.他得到了参加奥运会的机会。
He got to continue his work.他得以继续他的工作。
2) achieve 及物动词,意为实现,达到。
主语多为人,宾语多为目标、梦想、愿望等,常用来表示取得成就,达到目的( 目标) 。
Mary hopes to achieve her dreams.玛丽希望实现她的梦想。
By working hard we can achieve anything.通过努力,我们任何事情都可能成功。
[ 拓展] come true 意为实现,其主语是梦想之类的事物,其后不能跟宾语。
I think your dream will come true. = I think you will achieve your dream.我认为你的梦想会实现的。
/我认为你会实现你的梦想。
13.Did Li Hai win first prize? 李海获得一等奖了吗?( 教材第 82 页) (1)first prize 意为_ 等奖,当序数词表示名次时,其前的定冠词通常可以省略。
He won third prize at last.最后他获得了三等奖 (2)prize 此处用作可数名词,意为奖品,奖赏,Win the prize 意为获奖,常指在比赛中获胜时或有特殊贡献时所得到的奖励。
He received the Nobel Prize for peace.他获得了诺贝尔和平
15 / 22
奖。
Who won first prize?谁获得了一等奖? 14. Maybe that’s why this event is so different from other usual games ! 或许那就是这项比赛与其他平常运动会如此不同的原因! ( 教材第 82 页) (1) that’s why... 意为那就是.... 的理由/ 原因, 后跟的是结果。
why 引导的是表语从句。
That’s why he loves you.那就是他爱你的原因。
[ 拓展] That’s because... 意为那是因为....后跟原因。
Tom’s late. That’s because it is raining hard.汤姆迟到了,那是因为天正下大雨。
(2) be different from 意为 ..... 同,其反义短语为 the same as... 相同样。
His advice is different from mine.他的建议和我的不一样。
The weather in Beijing is different from that Guangzhou.北京的天气与广州的不同。
注意 be different from 前后所比较的人或物应该一致。
15 What are the Special Olympics World Games for? 为什么举办特奥会? ( 教教第材第 83 页) 辨析: what... for 与与why what...for 为什么......用于询问目的或用途,一般用动词不定式或 for 介词短语等回答,不能用 because 回答 why 为什么侧重询问原因,一般用 because 作答 - -What do you use a computer for?你用电脑做什么? -I use a computer to open up a new world.
---------------------------------------------------------------最新资料推荐------------------------------------------------------ 我用电脑开辟一个新世界。
Why do you choose him as a coach?你为什么选他做教练? 一Because he has a lot of experience.因为他很有经验。
Grammar 1 Do you have any trouble talking to people with intellectual disabilities? 你和有智力缺陷的人交谈很费力吗? ( 教材第 85 页) have trouble (in )doing sth.意为做某事费力(或有麻烦)。
have trouble with sth.意为在某事上有麻烦。
trouble 不可数名词,意为麻烦,前面可用 no, much, some, a little, little 等词修饰。
I have some trouble ( in ) working out the problem.我在解这道题时有点儿费劲。
The girl has trouble with her study.这个女孩在学习上费力。
[ 拓展] ①ha ve trouble doing sth.的同义短语有: have difficulty doing sth.做某事有困难 have problems doing sth.做某事有问题②与 trouble 有关的常见短语: get out of trouble 摆脱困境 get into trouble 陷人困境 in trouble 处于困境中trouble 制造麻烦 ask for trouble 自找麻烦 2.donate blood 献血( 教材第 86 页) ( 1 ) donate 此处用作及物动词,意为捐献,,donate sth. to sb. 意为把某物捐给某人。
How much money did he donate?他捐了多少钱? You can donate
17 / 22
the books to the children in poor areas.你可以把这些书捐给贫困地区的孩子。
[ 拓展] ①donate 还可用作不及物动词,意为捐献 He has a lot of money, but he doesn’t want to donate.他有很多钱,但他不想捐出去。
②donation 用作可数名词,意为捐赠物;也可用作不可数名词,意为捐助。
They receive many donations from the government 他们收到了政府的很多捐赠物。
The donation is about 10, 000 dollars.捐助大约有一万美元。
(2) Blood 此处用作不可数名词,意为血,血液。
Blood is thicker than water.血浓于水。
There is some blood on the ground.地上有一些血迹。
[ 拓展] blood type 血型 in cold blood 残忍地 make a blood test 验血 make blood freeze 使某人极度恐惧 Integrated skills 1.South-west China. 中国西南地区。
( 教材第 87 页) South-west China 专有名词,意为中国西南地区。
He lives in South-west China.他住在中国西南地区。
[ 拓展]①south-west 可用作形容词,意为西南方的。
A warm south-west wind was blowing.温暖的西南风正刮着。
②south-west 还可用作名词,意为西南方,常与定冠词 the 连
---------------------------------------------------------------最新资料推荐------------------------------------------------------ 用。
The house faces the south-west.那座房子面朝西南方。
③south-west 还可作副词,意为向西南。
The window faces south-west.这扇窗子西南朝向。
2.In this way,they can help the local people improve their lives. 用这种方式,他们可以帮助当第地的人们改善他们的生活。
(教材第 88 页)。
You can’t do it in this way. It’s wrong.你不能这么做,这是错误的。
In this way, you can work out the problem 用这种方式,你可以解决这个问题。
[ 拓展] in a way 意为在某种程度上。
In a way, you’re right.在某种程度上,你是对的。
3. We can save our pocket money and donate it to those in need. 我们可以省下零花钱把它捐给需要帮助的人。
( 教材第 88 页) (1)save 此处用作及物动词,意为节省; 节约。
We should save water.我们应节约水。
[ 拓展]save 及物动词,还可意为救;挽救;储存。
A young man saved the little boy from drowning.一个年轻
19 / 22
人救起了那个溺水的小男孩。
He had to save money to buy a new bike.为了买一辆新自行车他不得不攒钱。
(3) in need 为固定短语,表示处于需要的状态饰,在本句中作后置定语修饰 those. In need of .... 意为需要.... We should help the children in need in poor areas.我们应该帮助那些在贫困地区需要帮助的孩子们。
He is homeless and in need of help. Task 1.introduction 引言(教材第 90 页) introduction 此处用作可数名词,意为引言,常用于书籍成演讲等前:用作可数名词时,还意为介绍, make the introduction 意为作介绍。
In the introduction, he explains why he wrote the book 在引言里,他解释了写这本书的原因。
2.The doctor says that he has a serious blood 。
医生说他得了种严重的血液病。
( 教材第 90 页) 析辨析 disease , illness 与与 sickness disease 疾病 ,通常指具体的疾病,此时为可数病,有时指疾病的总称,此时为不可数名词 illness 病,很少指具体的疾病,只表示抽象的病疾病和生病的状态 sickness 病,可泛指身体不适,还特指呕吐、晕船、晕车等 No one knew what caused this kind of disease.没有人知道这种疾病的起因。
Because of illness,she didn’t go to school.由于生病,
---------------------------------------------------------------最新资料推荐------------------------------------------------------ 她没有去上学。
Rough seas caused much sickness among the passengers.汹涌的海浪使许多乘客呕吐。
3. An operation may save him... 手术可能会挽救他.... ( 教材第 90 页) operation 可数名词,意为手术。
常用短语: do an operation on sb.意为给某人做手术。
He had an operation on his head.他头部动了手术。
The doctors are doing an operation on the old man.医生们正在给这位老人动手术。
[ 拓展] operation 还可用作不可数名词,意为运转,操作,in operation 意为运转中,操作中,实施中。
The machine is in operation.这台机器在运转中。
4. Otherwise, he may lose his life. 否则,他可能失去生命。
( 教材第 90 页) lose one’s life 意为失去生命,丧生。
He lost his life in a traffic accident.他在一起交通事故中丧生了。
Many people lost their lives because of smoking.很多人因为吸烟而失去了生命。
[ 拓展] ①lose heart 灰心丧气。
Don’t lose heart. You’ll learn English well.不要灰心,你会学好英语的。
21 / 22
②lose oneself 迷路;沉湎于。
He lost himself in reading novels online.他沉湎于阅读网络小说。
4.lose ones way 于迷路,相当于 get lost 。
The boy lost his way and cried on the street.这个男孩迷路了,在街上哭。
5. If all of us can give a helping hand, he may get well again soon. 如果我们所有人都能伸出援助之手,他可能会很快康复。
( 教材第 90 页) give a helping hand 意为帮助,伸出援助之手,与 give sb.a hand (帮某人一把)同义。
Many people gave a helping hand when they saw the poor man.当看到这个可怜的人时,很多人伸出了援助之手。