四川遂宁市安居育才中学校最新 高考英语 阅读理解练习题

四川遂宁市安居育才中学校最新高考英语阅读理解练习题
一、高中英语阅读理解
1．阅读理解
As the President of Ariel Investments, I am often asked how to cultivate (培养) green hands to be qualified for a new job within a short time. My memories take me straight back to the days when I worked for John W. Rogers.
While in college, I worked as an intern (实习生) at Ariel Investments. As the youngest girl of six kids from a single mom, I had very little knowledge of the business world. When I graduated, I decided to return to the company to improve myself.
At the age of 22, my perspective was greatly influenced by lunching with the company's founder and then-president, John W. Rogers. He told me that I would often find myself in the company of rich and successful people with big titles, lots of degrees and lots of experience. And yet, my ideas could still be as good or even better, he said. This early advice became the guiding force that has helped me throughout my entire career. When I was starting out, I thought my inexperience was holding me back, but John said that it was a good thing. He told me that being inexperienced means that you have a fresh point of view.
As my tutor, John encouraged me to be brave. As my boss, he took some giant leaps of faith to support me. Because of our first lunch and the years of support that followed, I never thought twice about speaking up, raising my hand or taking a seat at the table. Staying in the background was never a choice. But John's advice came with one important warning. I needed to keep my attitude in check. It's one thing to be firm but quite another to be rude. Similarly, there is a fine line between confidence and overconfidence. With that in mind, I have had to learn to balance the way I act around others. As someone once told me, "the goal is to be non-threatened and non-threatening at the same time."
（1）What can we learn about the author from the text?
A.She went to Ariel Investments after graduation for practice.
B.She made her voice heard with encouragement from her boss.
C.Her miserable childhood had a negative effect on her work.
D.Her performance during internship was highly praised in public.
（2）Due to John W. Rogers' advice, the author_______.
A.learned to strike a balance between work and life
B.contributed her ideas only after listening to others'
C.no longer felt lost and became aware of her own value
D.switched to a different company to display her talent
（3）What can be a suitable title for the text?
A.Keep Your Attitude under Control.
B.Encourage Your Employees to Grow.
C.Let Your Success Be Your Noise.
D.Live a Life with a High Goal.
（4）Who would probably benefit most from this article?
pany bosses.
B.Those new to a job.
C.Business consultants.
D.Experienced teammates.
【答案】（1）B
（2）C
（3）A
（4）B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作为实习生，作者在实习期间受到公司的创始人、董事长John W. Rogers深深地影响，John W. Rogers鼓励作者要敢于思考、发表自己的想法，也鼓励作者要勇敢，因为John W. Rogers，作者也学习到"要有锋芒却不伤人"。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第三段中的"At the age of 22, my perspective was greatly influenced by lunching with the company's founder and then-president, John W. Rogers."作者22岁时的想法被John W. Rogers极大地影响，故选B。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据第三段中的"my ideas could still be as good or even better, he said. This early advice became the guiding force that has helped me throughout my entire career." John W. Rogers说作者的想法可以很好甚至可以更好，这些建议对于作者整个职业生涯造成了非常大的影响，这些影响使得作者不再感到迷茫，同时也开始意识到自己的价值。

故选C。

（3）考查主旨大意。

根据最后一段中的"‘With that in mind, I have had to learn to balance the way I act around others. As someone once told me, ’the goal is to be non-threatened and non-threatening at the same time. "可知，作者通过自己的经历告诉读者，要平衡自信与自负之间的关系，而且曾经有人告诉作者"要有锋芒，但也不要伤人"，即能控制自己的态度，总结概括了文章的主旨。

故选A。

（4）考查推理判断。

第一段提到作者非常擅长培养新手，同时作者也回忆了自己在做实习生时的上司对作者的指导，这些对于刚入职场的人而言都是非常好的工作经验，因此这篇文章特别适合职场新手。

故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

2．阅读理解
Have you ever imagined what it would be like to see the world through an animal's eyes? For example, what a chimpanzee sees as it sits at the top of a tree, or a penguin's view as it dives into the sea to catch its dinner?
These questions are answered in the nature documentary Animals with Cameras, produced by the BBC. The three-part series was first aired in the UK last month. To explore animal stories "told" by the animals themselves, the documentary's filmmakers worked with scientists to develop cameras that wild animals could wear.
"Never before have we seen such high-quality footage (连续镜头)directly from the animal's
point of view, " BBC Nature executive producer Fred Kaufman told PBS." This miniseries greatly expands our comprehension of animal behavior and this camera technology opens up new possibilities for discovering so much more."
Indeed, the groundbreaking technology provides a new viewpoint of the animal kingdom. New cameras with enough battery life to shoot for hours at a time were designed to be comfortable enough for animals to wear, according to the documentary's camera designer Chris Watts.
The technical challenges didn't stop there. Some animals were very curious about the equipment, with some even fighting each other for the chance to wear a camera. In the case of chimpanzees, "we had to create dummy (仿造的)cameras, so that every chimpanzee could get one", the miniseries' wildlife cameraman Gordon Buchanan told Live Science.
For animals that were comfortable enough to be with human beings, the cameras could be fitted and removed by hand. But for others, the cameras came off automatically using a timed release and were collected afterward. This meant that the cameras needed to be as tough as possible.
To avoid disturbing the animals, scientists who were good at dealing with wildlife came to help by putting the cameras on the animals." The last thing we want to do is cause them distress." the documentary's producer Dan Rees told the BBC. "To follow an animal in the first place, there had to be a clear benefit in terms of knowledge about it that might be useful to protecting a species in the future.
Their efforts certainly paid off. " Footage that captures (捕捉)these rare and exciting glimpses of animals bidden habits is important to scientists, but documentaries like Animals with Cameras also resonate with (引起共鸣)audiences, connecting them with the beauty - and danger - of wildlife in their natural environments," Live Science noted.
（1）According to the text, Animals with Cameras .
A.is a documentary made by wildlife experts
B.presents high-quality footage of animals for the first time
C.shows wildlife from the unique viewpoint of animals
D.mainly records the life of chimpanzees and penguins
（2）The case of chimpanzees is used to .
A.reflect the weakness of the camera technology
B.present how filmmakers put cameras on chimpanzees
C.explain why chimpanzees were attracted by the equipment
D.show how filmmakers dealt with the challenges in shooting
（3）To avoid disturbing the animals, filmmakers .
A.set up a protected area for them to live in
B.invited scientists to help equip them with cameras
C.made the cameras look like animals in disguise
D.fitted and removed the cameras by hand
（4）The author's attitude toward the documentary can be described as .
A.changing
B.supportive
C.cautious
D.pessimistic
【答案】（1）C
（2）D
（3）B
（4）B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了研究人员使用最新的相机技术，让人们从动物的视角看世界。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第二段中的"To explore animal stories ‘told’ by the animals themselves, the documentary's filmmakers worked with scientists to develop cameras that wild animals could wear."可知研究人员让动物带上相机来拍摄野生动物的世界。

故选C。

（2）考查推理判断。

根据第五段中的"The technical challenges didn't stop there. Some animals were very curious about the equipment, with some even fighting each other for the chance to wear a camera."可知很多动物对这种相机非常好奇，甚至会为佩戴相机而打斗。

这就需要人们把这些相机制造得更加牢固，以便更好地拍摄。

第五段最后所列举的猩猩的例子正是为了证明这一点。

故选D。

（3）考查细节理解。

根据倒数第二段中的"To avoid disturbing the animals, scientists who were good at dealing with wildlife came to help by putting the cameras on the animals."可知为了避免妨碍动物，研究人员邀请科学家帮助他们给动物带上相机。

故选B。

（4）考查推理判断。

根据最后一段中的"Footage that captures（捕捉）these rare and exciting glimpses of animals bidden habits is important to scientists, but documentaries like Animals with Cameras also resonate with （引起共鸣）audiences, connecting them with the beauty - and danger - of wildlife in their natural environments"可知作者认为这种相机拍摄的连续镜头对于科学研究十分重要，这种纪录片能够引起观众的共鸣，让人们欣赏到美景，也让他们意识到自然环境下野生动物面临的危险。

这些说明作者对这一纪录片持支持态度。

故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

3．阅读理解
The picture of George Washington is on the one-dollar bill. He served as American's first president from 1789 to 1797. President Washington has been called the "Father of his country."
The third president of the United States, Thomas Jefferson, is on the two-dollar bill. He was the main writer of the Declaration of independence in 1776. Jefferson was one of the most influential of the nation's Founding Fathers. He was also a plant expert, architect, musician and inventor.
Another of American's greatest presidents, Abraham Lincoln, is on the five-dollar bill. He served as the sixteenth president from 1861 until 1865. He successfully led the country through the Civil War, saved the Union and ended slavery.
The picture of Alexander Hamilton appears on the ten-dollar bill. Hamilton was never president. But he was the first Secretary of the Treasury and one of the Founding Fathers. He was also an
economist and political philosopher.
Andrew Jackson was the seventh president, serving from 1829 to 1837. He supported popular democracy and individual liberty. His picture is on the twenty-dollar bill.
Another president is on the fifty-dollar bill. Ulysses S. Grant served from 1869 to 1877. Before serving as president, Grant was military commander of Union forces during the Civil War. Under
his command, the Union Army defeated Confederate forces.
So who do you think is on the one hundred-dollar bill? It is Benjamin Franklin. Franklin was never elected president, but was one of the Founding Fathers. He was also a leading writer and printer, political thinker, politician, postmaster, scientist, inventor, civil activist, and diplomat.
These American statesmen are on the front of the bills. The backs of the notes show images
from nation's history or famous places. They are in order, the Great Seal of the United States, the signing of Declaration of Independence and the Lincoln Memorial. The others are the Treasury Building, the White House, the Capitol Building and independence Hall.
（1）The design of the bills shows that Americans values their people's__________ .
A. talents in many ways
B. success in their careers
C. inventions in new fields
D. contributions to the country
（2）For hundreds of years, those historic men on the bills fought for the nation's ____________.
A. economy and power
B. independence and democracy
C. wealth and success
D. faith and glory
（3）Which of the following might be the best title for the text?
A. Men on the Money
B. the Design of US Bills
C. History on the Money
D. the Story of US Bills
【答案】（1）D
（2）B
（3）A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了各种面值的美元纸币上伟大人物，以及他们
对国家所做出的贡献。

（1）考查推理判断。

文章在描述每一种面值的纸币上的人物时，都着重描写他们对国家
的作用与影响，George Washington是第一任总统，Thomas Jefferson独立宣言的主要起草
者，Abraham Lincoln结束内战，废除奴隶制，Alexander Hamilton第一个财政部长和开国元
勋之一，Andrew Jackson支持大众民主和个人自由，Benjamin Franklin开国元勋之一，从而
可判断美国人民看重的是伟人对这个国家做出的贡献。

故选D。

（2）考查推理判断。

根据第一段中的“President Washington has been called the ‘Father of
his country.’"；第二段中的“Jefferson was one of the most influential of the nation's Founding Fathers.”及下文对美元上其他人物的介绍可知，文章中提到的这些历史上著名的人物，无
论是独立战争，美国内战，还是独立宣言的起草与签署都反映出他们为争取国家的独立与
民主所做出的努力与牺牲。

故选B。

（3）考查主旨大意。

根据第一段中的“The picture of George Washington is on the one-dollar bill.第二段中的The third president of the United States, Thomas Jefferson, is on the two-dollar bill.”及下文各段的段首句可知，本文主要描述了各种面值的美元纸币上伟大人物，以及他
们对国家所做出的贡献。

故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，考生需要根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

4．阅读理解
Gene technology to benefit people
Among all the fast growing science and technology, the research of human genes, or biological engineering as people call it, is drawing more and more attention now. Sometimes it is a hot topic discussed by people.
The greatest thing that gene technology can do is to cure serious diseases that doctors at present can almost do nothing with, such as cancer and heart disease. Every year, millions of people are murdered by these two killers. And to date, doctors have not found an effective way to cure them. But if the gene technology is applied, not only these two diseases can be cured completely, bringing happiness and more living days to the patients, but also the great amount of money people spend on curing their diseases can be saved, therefore it benefits the economy as well. In addition, human life span(寿命) can be prolonged.
Gene technology can help people to give birth to more healthy and clever children. Some families, with the English imperial(皇室) family being a good example, have hereditary(遗传的) diseases. This means their children will for sure have the family disease, which is a great trouble for these families. In the past, doctors could do nothing about hereditary diseases. But gene technology can solve this problem perfectly. The scientist just need to find the wrong gene and correct it and a healthy child will be born.
Some people are worrying that the gene research can be used to manufacture human beings in large quantities. In the past few years, scientists have succeeded in cloning a sheep; therefore these people predict that human babies would soon be cloned. But I believe cloned babies will not come out in large quantities, for most couples in the world can have babies in very normal way. Of course, the governments must take care to control gene technology.
（1）What does "these two killers" in the second paragraph refer to?
A. Gene technology and another treatment of the two diseases.
B. The two murderers who killed the cloned baby.
C. The two diseases of cancer and heart disease.
D. Hereditary diseases and cancer.
（2）What's the main idea of the third paragraph?
A. How gene technology can be applied in the field of treating hereditary diseases.
B. Gene technology can be used to clone human babies.
C. Gene technology can help people to give birth of a baby.
D. Gene technology can help the English imperial family out.
（3）In what way gene technology can help to treat hereditary diseases?
A. Using gene technology, people with hereditary diseases can have more living days.
B. Using gene technology, scientist finds the wrong gene and corrects it.
C. Using gene technology, human babies can be cloned.
D. Doctors can cure cancer and heart disease with the help of gene technology.
（4）What is the main purpose of writing this passage?
A. Expressing the writer's idea that gene technology will benefit people
B. Telling people the advantages of gene technology
C. Telling the readers that gene technology will not benefit people
D. Explaining that gene technology will also do harm to the humanity
【答案】（1）C
（2）A
（3）B
（4）A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了基因技术，详细讲述了基因技术的好处。

（1）考查词义猜测。

根据第二段中的“The greatest thing that gene technology can do is to cure serious diseases that doctors at present can almost do nothing with, such as cancer and heart dise ase.”基因技术所能做的最伟大的事情就是治愈严重的疾病，而这些疾病是目前医生们几乎无能为力的，比如癌症和心脏病，及划线词所在句“Every year, millions of people are murdered by these two killers.”每年都有数百万人被这两名杀手杀害，可知，每年造成数百万人死亡的元凶就是癌症和心脏病。

由此可知，these two killers 指的是上文做的cancer and heart disease.故选C。

（2）考查主旨大意。

根据第三段中的“In t he past, doctors could do nothing about hereditary diseases. But gene technology can solve this problem perfectly. The scientist just need to find the wrong gene and correct it and a healthy child will be born.”在过去，医生对遗传病无能为力。

但是基因技术可以完美地解决这个问题。

科学家只需要找到错误的基因并加以纠正，一个健康的孩子就会诞生。

可知，第三段主要介绍了基因技术可以被应用于治愈家族病。

故选A。

（3）考查细节理解。

根据第三段中的“The scientist just need to find the wrong gene and correct it, and a healthy child will be born”科学家只需要找到错误的基因和纠正它,和一个健康的孩子将出生，可知，利用基因技术，科学家发现错误的基因并加以纠正，这样就可以治愈家族病了。

故选B。

（4）考查推理判断。

根据标题“Gene technology to benefit people”基因技术造福人类；及最后一段中的“But I believe cloned babies will not come out in large quantities, for most couples in the world can have babies in very normal way. Of course, the governments must take care to control gene technology.”但我相信克隆婴儿不会大量出现，因为世界上大多数夫妇可以用非常正常的方式生育。

当然，政府必须小心控制基因技术，可知，文章主要表达作者了认为基因技术将造福人类的观点。

故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

5．阅读理解
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（1）What do Tour Route 1 and Tour Route 2 have in common?
A. They have cycling activities.
B. They include a visit to Tibet.
C. Visitors enjoy the Three Gorges scenery.
D. Visitors pay the same amount of money.
（2）What is special about Tour Route 2?
A.Tourists can travel by bike.
B.Tourists can visit a huge dam.
C.Tourists can dine with a family.
D.It is the most expensive of the four.
（3）Where can visitors enjoy China's rare animals?
A.Tour Route 1.
B.Tour Route 2.
C.Tour Route 3.
D.Tour Route 4.
【答案】（1）A
（2）B
（3）D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了四条旅游路线。

（1）kc 细节理解。

根据Route 1部分中的“Have a leisurely wa lk or an exciting bicycle ride on the time-honored City Wall of Xi'an”及 Route 2部分中的“Try biking on the Ming Dynasty City Wall of Xi' an”可知，这两条路线的共同之处是都有骑行活动，故选A。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据Route 2部分中的“Enjoy the Three Gorges scenery on Yangtze River”可知，在Route 2中你可以欣赏到长江三峡风光，也就是说Route 2的特别之处是你可以参观三峡大坝，故选B。

（3）考查细节理解。

根据Route 4部分中的“Come to Chengdu，the hometown of giant pandas to visit and observe the cute creature”可知，在Route4中你可以看到中国的珍稀动物大熊猫，故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。

6．阅读理解
At one time or another in your life you have probably done origami, even if it was just making a paper airplane or something more complicated like a paper crane. The chances are that as you did it, you reflected on how inventive this traditional art is. Animals, boxes, flowers, boats: it all can be created from a single square or rectangular sheet of paper simply by folding it. No cutting, no pasting.
But did you ever stop to think how the same techniques might be applied to engineering? Equipment that could be of real practical use? Origami meets the demand for things that need to be small when transported and large when they arrive, like the everyday umbrella. In fact, origami-inspired creations have already flown in space; in 1995, Japanese engineers launched a satellite with solar panels that folded like a map.
'It's now mathematically proven that you can pretty much fold anything," says physicist Robert J. Lang, who quit his engineering job eight years ago to fold things full time. Lang, an origami enthusiast since age six, advised a advised well-known ear manufacturer the best way to fold an airbag into a dashboard. He is currently working on a space telescope lens that, if all goes according to plan, should be able to unfold to the size of a football field.
At the other end of the scale, researchers are also working on tiny folding devices that could lead to breakthroughs in medicine and computing. There's no doubt that computers of the future may contain tiny, folded motors or capacitors for faster processing and better memory.
Applications for origami engineering go further than many of us might imagine. "Some day," says MIT's Erik Demaine, "we'll build reconfigurable (可重构的) robots that can fold on their own from one thing into another, like Transformers. Too much like science fiction to be true? Maybe—though you certainly wouldn't want to bet against it."
（1）What do we know about origami?
A. It consumes lots of time.
B. It involves interesting ideas.
C. It requires complex techniques.
D. It has to do with cutting and pasting.
（2）Which of the following is an application of origami?
A. A space telescope lens can be folded to the size of an umbrella.
B. A satellite is equipped with solar panels and a folded map.
C. An airbag can be better folded into a dashboard of a car.
D. A future computer contains many huge folded motors.
（3）What is Erik Demaine's attitude towards origami engineering?
A. Hopeful
B. Doubtful.
C. Disapproving.
D. Ambiguous.
（4）In which section of a newspaper may this text appear?
A. Entertainment.
B. Culture.
C. Education.
D. Pop-science.
【答案】（1）B
（2）C
（3）A
（4）D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，折纸是一种具有创造性的传统艺术，而现在它已经被应用到技术工程领域，人们利用折纸原理创造出了很多可折叠的装置。

折纸工程将在很大程度上影响未来的医药、计算机和机器人行业。

（1）考查推理判断。

根据第一段中的“The chances are that as you did it, you reflected on how inventive this traditional art is. Animals, boxes, flowers, boats: it all can be created from a single square or rectangular sheet of paper simply by folding it. No cutting, no pasting.”可知，折纸是一个具有创造性的传统艺术，我们不用裁剪或拼贴，只通过折叠就可以把一张正方形或者三角形的纸变成动物、纸盒、花、船等东西，由此推测折纸需要有创造性的和有趣的想法。

故选B。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据第三段中的“Lang, an origami enthusiast since age six, advised a well-known ear manufacturer the best way to fold an airbag into a dashboard.”可知折纸爱好者Lang向一位制造商建议了把安全气囊折叠到仪表盘中的最佳方式。

故选C。

（3）考查推理判断。

根据最后一段中的“Applications for origami engineering go furt her than many of us might imagine”可知Erik Demaine认为折纸工程的应用远远超出了我们的想象，由此可推测Erik Demaine对折纸工程的未来充满希望。

故选A。

（4）考查推理判断。

根据第二段中的“in 1995, Japanese engineers launched a satellite with solar panels that folded like a map.”；第三段中的“Lang, an origami enthusiast since ag e six, advised a advised well-known ear manufacturer the best way to fold an airbag into a dashboard.”；第四段中的“There's no doubt that computers of the future may contain tiny, folded motors or capacitors for faster processing and better memory. ”和第五段中的“‘Some day,’ says MIT's Erik Demaine, ‘we'll build reconfigurable (可重构的) robots that can fold on their own from one thing into another, like Transformers.’”可知卫星，安全气囊的折叠，未来电脑的发展和未来可重构机器人，这些都和科学技术相关，故推测本文很有可能出现在报纸的科学板块。

故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

7．阅读理解
Even if you've never been to Phoenix, you know this about the place It's hot. From June to September, the temperature can easily surpass the century mark. But that doesn't stop hikers from attempting the 1.3-mile hiking to the top of the city's famed Camelback Mountain. Signs warn that the trail is "extremely difficult". If you continue, a posted checklist suggests at least a liter of water per person. And if you're still not stopped, another sign farther up declares: "If you're halfway through your water, turn around!"
Unfortunately, many people to not take the warnings seriously. Fortunate y, Scott Cullymore does. The 53-year-old Cullymore can be found hiking up and down Camelback a couple of times a day, giving out cold bottles of water to worn-out hikers. He has helped hydrate so many hikers that he has earned a heavenly nickname: the Water Angel.
Cullymore was on Camelback Mountain one day in 2015 when a British tourist died after being lost for nearly six hours in the July heat. That experience inspired him to start helping people caught unaware by the cruelty of Mother Nature. "They underestimate the mountain, and they overestimate what they can do, and they get themselves in trouble." he warned.
One hiker who was offered water agrees. "You think you know the heat, but then you get out here in the desert and it surrounds you like a blanket," said Austin Hill, who was hiking with a high school friend. They were lucky, he said pointing to Cullymore. "We ran into this Good Samaritan here." And with that, the Water Angel goes in search of another hiker in need.
（1）What is the first paragraph mainly about?
A. The risks involved in the hiking.
B. The seriousness of the warnings.
C. The distribution of signs that warn hikers.
D. The influence of the temperature on hikers.（2）Why did some hikers on Camelback Mountain get in trouble?
A. They were not well trained in hiking.
B. They forgot to take enough water with them.
C. They were too optimistic about the situation.
D. They were not fit enough to hike the mountain.
（3）What can we know about Austin Hill?
A. He agreed to help others.
B. He was saved by Cullymore.
C. He hiked alone in the desert.
D. He regretted taking a blanket.
（4）What is the best title for the text?
A. The Camelback Mountain
B. Surviving the Heat
C. Hikers in Need
D. The Water Angel
【答案】（1）A
（2）C
（3）B
（4）D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，远足者低估夏日的Camelback Mountain 同时高估自
己的能力，所以在远足途中遇到麻烦，Cullymore了解情况后决定帮助他们。

Cullymore通过在炎炎夏日给那些远足者提供水而被人们亲切地称为“水天使”。

（1）考查段落大意。

根据第一段中的”From June to September, the temperature can easily surpass the century mark“；”Signs warn that the trail is ‘extremely difficult’“；”If you continue, a posted checklist suggests at least a liter of water per person. “和“If you're halfway through your water, turn around!”可知在夏天去Camelback Mountain远足是非常艰难的，原因有两个：一个是温度很高，另一个是水。

故选A。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据第三段中的”They underestimate the mountain, and they overestimate w hat they can do, and they get themselves in trouble.“可知人们低估了这座山，同时高估了自己的能力，因此他们陷入麻烦中，即对情况感到过于乐观导致他们涉险。

故选C。

（3）考查推理判断。

根据最后一段中的”They were lucky, he said pointing to Cullymore. ‘We ran into this Good Samaritan here.’”可知Austin Hill说他们很幸运，因为他们遇到了Cullymore这个乐善好施的人，故推测Cullymore救了他。

故选B。

（4）考查主旨大意。

根据第二段中的“He has helped hydrate so many hikers that he has earned a heavenly nickname: the Water Angel.”和最后一段中的“And with that, the Water Angel goes in search of another hiker in need.”以及文章主要内容可知，本文主要叙述了Cullymore 通过在山上给登山者发水来帮助他们，从而得到“水天使”的昵称，即本文主要讲述“水天使”的故事。

故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断，段落大意和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

8．阅读理解
When HarmonyOs, the Chinese self-developed operating system for Huawei mobile devices, was released on Aug 9, it quickly became a hot topic on social media. Many believe it not only represents the rise of the country as a tech power, but also shows respect to classical Chinese culture by naming the system "Hongmcng" in Chinese.
"Hongmeng" is a classical word from Zhuangzi. In the ancient times of Chinese legend and myths (神话),"Hongmeng" was used to describe the original state of the universe before matter existed. For HarmonyOS, "Hongmeng" indicates the developers' aim to make an innovative operating system, unlike any other.
Besides "Hongmeng'", Hunwei has also registered many of its products under the names of legendary creatures from Chinese myths. For example, the company's Kirin mobile chip got its name after a lucky monster called "Qilin". And its server chip is calked "Kunpeng", a creature that changed from a fish into a giant bird.
Many Chinese Internet users and media have praised Huawei's use of these names," as they stand for Chinese wisdom and ancient people's imagination and spirit of exploration", Global Times noted.
In fact, Huawei is not alone in using traditional culture for modern ventures. Ne Zha, the new。