五种基本句型主谓宾宾结构实用学习练习加详细解析
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五种基本句型——主()构
主++(somebody)+ (something)
主+++足
个句型的后边有两个,
两个放在一起叫双(直接+直接)
比方: Lend me your dictionary, please.
里“ me”和“ a book ”一人一物做就是双
两个:前一个称"接 ",多由代或名充当,平时“人” ;
后一个称 "直接 ",经常由名充当,平时“物”。
句型常有 " 某人某物 " 、"送某人某物 " 、 "留某人某物 "等意思。
常的有:
give( 某人⋯⋯ ),
bring( 某人⋯⋯ ), bring somebody something
tell( 告某人⋯⋯ ), tell somebody something
send( 送某人⋯⋯ ), send somebody something
leave( 留某人⋯⋯ ), leave somebody something
pass( 某人⋯⋯ ), pass somebody something
read( 某人⋯⋯ ), read somebody something
write(某人写⋯⋯), write somebody something
take( 某人拿⋯⋯ ), take somebody something
show(某人看⋯⋯ ), show somebody something
teach( 教某人⋯⋯ ), teach somebody something
get( 某人弄到⋯⋯ ), get somebody something
lend( 借某人⋯⋯ ), lend somebody something
buy( 某人⋯⋯ ), buy somebody something
pay( 支付某人⋯⋯ ), pay somebody something
hand( 某人⋯⋯ ) 。
hand somebody something
注:上面各的中文是成心依照的常用句型而的,以便于大家更好地理解出于哪个基本句型中。
比方:
She brought me a shirt .她给我带来一件衬衣。
Pass him the dictionary, please.请将词典递给他。
I lend him my bicycle.我把自行车借给他了。
五种基本句型之
主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语
语法书上又叫做主语+谓语+复合宾语,这里的复合宾语=宾语+宾语补足语,
宾语补足语:
例子: ask somebody to do something(邀请某人做某事)
tell somebody to do something(告诉某人做某事)
want somebody to do something(要求某人做某事)
1、 I asked him to have dinner.
谓语宾语宾语补足语
2、 He told me to clean the room.
谓语宾语宾语补足语
3、 Tom wanted me to meet him .
谓语宾语宾语补足语
第一个句子,我邀请他吃饭,他(him)是作邀请( asked)的宾语,若是后边没有to have dinner,句子意思就不完满,我邀请他,干什么呢?没讨情楚,于是就有to have dinner 来帮助讨情楚,是吃饭的,在这里的to have dinner就是宾语补足语,这是动词不定式短语作宾补。
to do是动词不定式,但是若是动词不定式中的动词带有宾语也许动词不定式中的动词有副词来修饰,这时的动词不定式就成
为不定式短语了。
比方to do something就是动词不定式短语,换句话说:这里to have(动词不定式) to have dinner(动词不定式短语)。
又比方: to run是动词不定式to run fast是动词不定式短语)。
上面的三个句子都是不定式短语作宾语不足语来帮助宾语来补充说明。
常有宾补的种类: doing不带to的动词不定式介词短语形容词等等。
请看下面的例句,注意观察划线的部分是有什么作的
宾语补足语。
:
1、I saw a thief stealing something.我看到一个贼正在偷东西
2、He made me go home他让我回家
3、Her mother kept her in the room .她的妈妈让她待在房间里
此句型的要点是记住那些动词后边是跟什么样的宾补。
比方:我们能够说ask somebody to do something (to do something作宾补)我们就不能够说ask somebody doing something 下面记住动词后边跟什么样的宾补口诀:
1. 动词后边是跟带 to 的动词不定式(动词不定式能够分为带to 的动词不定式和不带to 的不定式两种,不带to 的不定式本质上就是动词原形)作宾补的
order somebody to do something
want somebody to do something
tell somebody to do something
invite somebody to do something
ask somebody to do something
beg somebody to do something
( 注意上面的有六个单词能够跟动词不定式作宾补,我们能够依照语气的强弱来记忆这几个单词:命令>要求>告诉>邀请>请
求>央求 )
其他,还有 advise somebody to do something
allow somebody to do something
warn somebody to do something
teach somebody to do something
2.动词后边能够跟不带 to 的动词不定式作宾补的
口决:一感二听三让五看半帮助
这里 : 一感(feel )二听(hear\listen to)三让(let\make\have )五看(see\watch\notice\observe\look at )半帮助(help ).即: feel hear listen to let make leave somebody do sth see watch notice observe look at help
4. 动词后边是跟 doing 作宾补的,能够借助上面的句子来记忆,上面的单词中除了三让(have\let\make)半帮助( help )不能跟 dong 作宾补之外,其他都是能够的。
(即:一感二听五看,本质上它们都属于感官动词)
练习四
一判断以下句子是主谓 +双宾语结构还是主谓 +复合宾语,若是是主谓+复合宾语,请指出复合宾语是由什么充当的。
1.I watch the boy playing foot ball.
2. My good friend told me a story
3.Tom lent me a pencil.
4.L iLi noticed two dogs fight .
5.I looked at her flying a kite .
6. Please hand me the paper .
7.The lion ordered the hen to give him some eggs.
8.He wanted you to go with him.
9.Lu Yang told the little boy to go home.
10.She asks me to help her .11. My parents leave me some money .
12.Lucy leads me a pencil .13. Mother got me some tea .
14.LiLei found 100 yuan in the room. 15. He showed me her photos .
16.The fans made Lin Junjie a famous star.
17.Mom let me in. 18. The rich man bought his son an MP4.
19.The teacher observes the boy sleep. 20. The teacher made her monitor. 21.I saw the baby cry.22.I paid him three yuan .
23.He passed me an eraser.24.Lucy heard her neighbor singing
25.Tom teaches us English.26.They asked the teacher to explain it again .
27.Let me read you his letter .28.Would you sing us an English song ? 29.I will lend you something.30.D id you notice me leave the house
练习四答案
1. I watch the boy playing foot ball.
我看到那个男孩在踢足球。
主谓+宾语 +宾补。
playing foot ball做宾补
2. My good friend told me a story
我的好朋友给我讲了一个故事。
主谓+双宾
3. Tom lent me a pencil.
汤姆借给我一个铅笔。
主谓+双宾
4. LiLi noticed two dogs fight.
李利注意到两个狗在打架。
主谓+宾语 +宾补, fight做宾补
5. I looked at her flying a kite.
我看到她在放风筝。
主谓+宾语 +宾补。
flying a kite做宾补
6. Please hand me the paper .
请递给我一张纸。
主谓+双宾
7. The lion ordered the hen to give him some eggs.
那头狮子命令那只母鸡给他一些鸡蛋。
主谓+宾语 +宾补。
to give him some eggs做宾补
8. He wanted you to go with him.
他要你一起跟他去。
主谓+宾语 +宾补。
to go with him做宾补
9. Li Yang told the little boy to go home.
李扬叫那个小男孩回家。
主谓+宾语 +宾补。
to go home 做宾补
10. She asks me to help her .
她请我去帮助她。
主谓+宾语 +宾补。
to help her做宾补
11. My parents leave me some money .
我的父亲母亲亲留给我一些钱。
主谓+双宾
12. Tom leads me a pencil .
汤姆借给我一只铅笔。
主谓+双宾
13. Mother got me some tea .
妈妈给我取了一些茶。
主谓+双宾
14.LiLei found 100 yuan in the room.
李蕾发现有 100 元在房间里 / 李蕾在房间里发现了100 元。
主谓 +宾语 +宾补。
in the room做宾补15.He showed me her photos .
他让我看了看她的照片。
主谓 +双宾
16.The fans made Lin Junjie a famous star.
那些粉丝们让林好汉成为一个明星。
主谓+双宾
17. Mom let me in.
妈妈让我进去。
主谓+宾语 +宾补。
in 做宾补
18. The rich man bought his son an MP4.
那个有钱人给他的儿子买了一个MP4。
主谓 +双宾
19. The teacher observes the boy sleep.
那个老师观察到那个男孩睡觉了。
主谓+宾语 +宾补。
sleep 做宾补
20. The teacher made her monitor.
老师让她做班长。
主谓+双宾
21. I saw the baby cry.
我看到那个男孩哭了。
主谓+宾语 +宾补。
cry 做宾补
22. I paid him three yuan .
我付给他三元。
主谓+双宾
23. He passed me an eraser.
他递给我一个橡皮。
主谓+双宾
24. She heard her neighbor singing
她听到她的邻居在唱歌。
主谓+宾语 +宾补。
singing做宾补
25. Tom teaches us English.
汤姆教我们英语。
主谓+双宾
26. They asked the teacher to explain it again .
他们请老师在讲解一遍。
主谓+宾语 +宾补。
to explain it again做宾补27. Let me read you his letter .
让我给你读读他的信。
主谓+双宾
28. Would you sing us an English song ?
你能够给我们唱支英文歌吗?主谓+双宾
29. I will lend you a book。
我将借给你 ` 一本书。
主谓 +双宾
30. Did you notice me leave the house?
你注意到我走开房子吗?主谓+双宾。