2020届莱芜市第一中学高三英语期末试卷及参考答案

2020届莱芜市第一中学高三英语期末试卷及参考答案
第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
Bob and Sue Harvey spent nine years as resident fellows in a dormitory at Sanford and in their bookVirtual Reality and The College Freshman, they write “The Freshman oftenfaces an identity problem during the first semester.” College is a more pressured environment than it used to be, in part because the academic gap between high school and college has increased. Many college freshmen have never had to make independent decisions about sex, drugs and alcohol. Most don’t know how to manage their time or money. They often feel lonely and overwhelmed, resulting in anxiety and depression.
Nancy Corbin, director of clinical service for student-counseling (咨询) services at Iowa State University, says her office is seeing a significant increase in requests for counseling from freshmen who are having trouble making the adjustment to college life. She says older teenagers increasingly lack the skills to deal with personal problems that aren’t easily defined or fixed. And they get homesick but have a hard time admitting it.
Parents and high schools can make things easier on freshmen by preparing them differently. For example, by teaching them to budget their hours and dollars. The Harveys think high schools should offer a college-life course. “Parents need to focus more on relationship and personal issues and less on how many sheets and towels to take,” they say. Many homesick freshmen think they’ll be regarded as failures if they come home before Thanksgiving. So parents can help by letting them know they’re welcome to return if they feel the need. In the meantime, parents have to find new ways to keep in touch with their college kids. One of the best ways is e-mail. It’s less unpleasant and less expensive than constant phone calls and is more likely to be answered than a handwritten letter.
1. Why is the first semester difficult for freshmen in college?
A. Because they often fail in exams.
B. Because they lack time and money.
C. Because they are too homesick to make new friends.
D. Because they have to settle personal issues on their own.
2. In the last paragraph, it is suggested that ________.
A. parents should stop buying anything for their kids
B. parents should develop a good relationship with their kids
C. parents should be taught how to send e-mails to their kids
D. parents should work with high schools in college-life courses
3. Which of the following might be the best title for the passage?
A. Hard Life of College Freshmen
B. Approaches to Trouble in College
C. Freshmen’s Adaptation Problems
D. A Strange Phenomenon in College
B
Losing your ability to think and remember is pretty frightening. We know the risk of dementia (痴呆症) increases with age. But if you have memory slips you probably needn’t worry. There are pretty clear differences between signs of dementia and age-related memory loss.
After age 50, it’s quite common to have trouble remembering the namesof people, places and things quickly, says Dr. Kirk Daffner of Brigham and Women’s Hospital inBoston.
The brain ages just like the rest of the body. Certain parts become smaller, especially areas in the brain that are important to learning, memory and planning. Changes in brain cells can affect communication between different regions of the brain. And blood flow can be reduced as blood vessels narrow.
Forgetting the name of an actor in a favorite movie, for example, is nothing to worry about. But if you forget the plot of the movie or don’t remember even seeing it, that’s far more concerning, Daffner says.
When you forget entire experiences, he says, that’s “a red flag that something more serious may be involved”. Forgetting how to operate a familiar object like a microwave oven, or forgetting how to drive to the house of a friend you’ve visited many times before can also be signs of something going wrong
But even then, Daffner says, people shouldn’t panic. There are many things that can cause confusion andmemory loss, including health problems like temporary stoppage of breathing during sleep, high blood pressure, or depression, as well as medications (药物) like antidepressants.
You don’t have to figure this out on your own. Daffner suggests going to your doctor to check on medications, health problems and other issues that could be affecting memory. And the best defense against memory loss is to try to prevent it by building up your brain’s cognitive(认知的) reserve, Daffner says.
“Read books, go to movies, take on new hobbies or activities that force one to think in novel ways, ” he says. In other words, keep your brain busy and working. And also get physically active, because exercise is a known brain booster
4. Why does the author say that one needn’t be concerned about memory slips?
A. Not all of them are related to one’s age.
B. Not all of them are symptoms of dementia.
C. They occur only among certain groups of people.
D. They are quite common among fifty-year-old people.
5. Which memory-related symptom should people take seriously
A. Totally forgetting how to do one’s daily routines.
B. Inability to recall details of one’s life experiences
C. Failure to remember the names of movies or actors
D. Occasionally confusing the addresses of one’s friends.
6. What should people do when signs of serious memory loss show up?
A. Check the brain’s cognitive reserve.
B. Stop medications affecting memory.
C. Turn to a professional for assistance.
D. Exercise to improve their well-being
7. What is Dr. Daffner’s advice forfight against memory loss?
A. Having regular physical and mental checkups.
B. Taking medicine that helps boost one’s brain.
C. Engaging in known memory repair activities.
D. Staying active both physically and mentally
C
When 36-year-old J Andy Duran decided to return to his favorite high school hobby—skateboarding, the only trouble he expected to have was his own ability to get back on the skateboard after such a long time. However, the 340-pound skateboarder soon realizedthatwas the least of his problems.
Duran's problems began before he even stepped on a skateboard. He couldn't find anything for fat skaters. What Duran did find was a belief that plus-size people should not be skating. Determined to do something to change the image(形象) of plus-size people in sports, Duran set up Chub Rollz—a skating and skateboarding community for overweight skaters. He knew that not only did he need to get back into it to prove people wrong, but he needed to create a safe space where others can haverepresentation as well.
To encourage plus-size people to take part in the fun sport, Duran created a list of recommended products for fat skaters. He also hosted roller skating and skateboarding classes to teach beginners.
After an article about his thoughts in the San Francisco Chronicle, Duran received lots of messages from strangers thanking him for giving them the courage to take up skateboarding. He has also been contacted by some skateboarding brands offering to create larger clothing sizes and beenoffered free equipment by skating organizations like "Skate Like a Giri ".
Though encouraged, Duran believes a lot more needs to be done to remove body image stereotypes(刻板印象).“I want to see more changes in communities. Maybe skate shops create a more welcoming environment for all types of skaters. Or boards are made in a variety of strengths and sizes—everyone is making thinner, lighter products, but sometimes we need those heavy-duty choices to stay available," he explains.
For those hesitant of taking up their desired activity due to their body size, Duran has this to say:“Be kind to yourself. Just because you don't see it doesn't mean you can't be it.”
8. What does the underlined word "that" in paragraph 1 refer to?
A. The skateboard.
B. His hobby.
C. His ability.
D. The time.
9. Why did Duran found Chub Rollz?
A. To realize his childhood dream.
B. To help plus-size people lose weight.
C. To fight for the equal right for fat people.
D. To change people's impression of the fat in sports.
10. Which word can best describe Duran?
A. Generous.
B. Inspiring.
C. Adaptable.
D. Talented.
11. Which is most likely Duran's belief?
A. Everyone has a gift for sports.
B.No one is too fat to enjoy sports.
C. Fat people do deserve social concern.
D. Skateboarding is most suitable for fat people.
D
As an eco-minimalist, Su Yige has maintained an environmentally friendly and sustainable lifestyle for the past three years while studying in Canada. She takes her own bag when she goes grocery shopping and uses second-hand items as often as possible. She avoids almost all paper-related products unless she has to use a
public toilet while away from home.
Diligence and thrift are time-honored traditional Chinese virtues. Su's family is a good example of this, according to the native of Weihai, Shandong province. Although they have little formal “green” knowledge, her parents lead a very environmentally friendly life.
For example, the family has used the same hair dryer for more than a decade, and Su remembers many of her mother's clothes from as far back as kindergarten. “As long as something can still be used, my mother will not replace it with a new item,” she said.
“I frequently asked my father to bring the plastic bag back home after dumping our waste in the trash bin. He was unhappy, and argued that instead of making that request, I should go downstairs to dump the waste myself” she said. In another move, her father criticized her for doing too much shopping online. Eventually, they both made steps toward becoming better environmentalists. Her father brings the bag back for reuse and she has only bought two pieces of clothing online in the past six months.
Back in Canada, Su is looking forward to finding a job related to sustainable development in China after she graduates as a computer science major in the summer.
12. Which of the following best describes Su Yige?
A. Conservative.
B. Nostalgic.
C. Economical.
D. Productive.
13. What can be found about Su's mother according to the third paragraph?
A. She has a lot of formal green knowledge.
B. She regards using the same items as a lifestyle.
C. She always wears old clothes due to lack of money.
D. She will not replace the old items until they are out of style.
14. What can be inferred about Su and her father?
A. Both of them like to criticize each other.
B. Su's father is particular about her clothes.
C. The relationship between them is very tense.
D. They urge each other to become more environmentally friendly.
15. What can we learn about the author soon after she graduates in Canada?
A. She will stay there to look for a job.
B. She will put effort into computer science.
C. She will devote herself to her motherland's future.
D. She will come back to China to stay with her parents.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项
How to think outside the box
Being open to dissenting（持异议的）opinions is not the only way to think outside the box.___16___
A break in our everyday life may provide the force needed to shift the direction of our thinking. So we can change environments.___17___，for example, reorganizing our desk or taking a new route to work. However, for others , bigger changes such as a new job or a marriage are required,
A famous concept is approaching routine situations as if we met or saw them for the first time. In other words, we should look at them as if we'd never seen them.____18____For instance, when we brush our teeth, take a moment to look at the toothbrush as if we never laid eyes on such an object and noticed its color1 and shape. Think about the flavor of the toothpaste and notice how our mouth feels as we move the brush back and forth.
___19___. The mere presence of a group of people with diverse experiences, views and backgrounds in our everyday life creates an atmosphere in which people can better respond to change. Why? Because they are key drivers of the development of new ideas and solutions.
Unlike negative emotions (情感）that cause specific reactions(for example, fear drives us to flee) ,positive emotions help us broaden our attention, explore our environment, and open ourselves to absorbing information.
___20___. They can be those that are going well or for which we are grateful. This shifting — into — positivity process will automatically brighten our mood—and free our brain.
A. It's also helpful to seek for the difference
B. For some people, small changes might work
C. We should show respect for different cultures too
D Some small techniques could help broaden the way we think
E. Take a few moments to think about the beautiful things in our life
F. Positive emotions play an important part in unfreezing our thinking
G. "Beginners' mind" allows us to remain open to experiences despite any knowledge we may have
第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项Ruby Kate, 11 likes to spend time with residents at the local nursing homes where her mother Amada works
as a nurse.
Oneday last summer, Ruby___21___that a resident namedPearlwas staring out of the window and looking very___22___. Ruby and Amanda learnt thatPearl’s dog had just left. She couldn't___23___to have someone take care of her dog and it was basically homeless. After a little more___24___, Amanda and her daughter found out thatPearlonly gets $40 each month from her Medicaid check. Many of the other residents received just as little — if___25___— spending money at all.
Pearl’s story____26____Ruby. She wanted to do something to____27____her and the other residents. So she got out a____28____and wrote down a simple question: “What are three things you wish you had?”
Amanda was____29____of Ruby’s broad question. She didn't think her daughter would____30____with anything helpful. “In my adult mind, that question is not going to____31____” said Amanda. “They're going to tell you that they want things you can't give them.”
She went door to door at the nursing home,_____32_____residents to list their three wishes. When Amanda saw what her daughter wrote in her notebook, she was_____33_____that the list was filled with just____34____requests like new pillows, books, razors and peanut butter.
Ruby and Amanda____35____all of the items on the first list and that started a chain reaction of____36____and kindness. They launched a GoFundMe page to_____37_____money to fulfill more wishes. Soon after,Ruby's story went viral and she's now collected more than $250,000 and_____38_____her own nonprofit called Three Wishes for Ruby's Residents.
“I'd like it to go on____39____and ever and ever,” she said. “Because I just want it to go____40____and I want it to go around the states and even in different countries.”
21. A. warned B. noticed C. screamed D. worried
22. A. upset B. curious C. exhausted D. satisfied
23. A. expect B. bother C. afford D. agree
24. A. discussing B. examining C. sharing D. digging
25. A. any B. so C. not D. ever
26. A. moved B. struck C. changed D. depressed
27. A. comfort B. compensate C. help D. protect
28. A. brochure B. pen C. diary D. notebook
29. A. skeptical B. aware C. tired D. confident
30. A. put up B. bring up C. end up D. show up
31. A. matter B. work C. inspire D. arise
32. A. persuading B. ordering C. asking D. advising
33. A. delighted B. confused C. frightened D. shocked
34. A. simple B. demanding C. unreasonable D. strange
35. A. collected B. bought C. made D. removed
36. A. curiosity B. anxiety C. sympathy D. generosity
37. A. raise B. earn C. save D. borrow
38. A. managed B. founded C. advertised D. invested
39. A. temporarily B. cheaply C. forever D. efficiently
40. A. richer B. higher C. faster D. bigger
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
One of the best things about a photographer is that you can observe animals in their___41.___(nature) environment. I really enjoy working outside in the wild. I like to take photos inYellowstoneNational Parkbest. Being famous____42.____the variety of its wildlife, it is probably best known for its bears,___43.___can run very fast and also swim perfectly.
Last spring, after stepping out of a dark forest, I was____44.____(shock) to see the breathtaking view. While I was concentrating on photographing the amazing scene? I___45.___(sudden) felt I was being watched. I turned slowly and___46.___(find) a bear only metres away from me, staring at me. My legs started shaking. Somehow, I forced my finger____47.____(press) the button. Luckily, a second later, the bear turned____48.____ran back into the forest. And I had a___49.___(frighten) but magical experience!
I sometimes look at these photos? and they serve as a_____50._____(remind) to show respect to all animals.第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节短文改错（满分10分）
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。

每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（Λ），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

I will never forget the day on that my father taught me how to fly a kite
It was spring and the sun was shining brightly with wind blowing gentle. When we set off to the riverside with a new kite, I felt extremely exciting. At first my father held the kite for me, told me to run as quickly as I could when he threw the kite into the air. Although the kite fell to the ground again and again, but I kept on trying with help of my father. Finally I got the hang of them and managed to fly my kite high in the sky.
It was then that I learn a valuable life lesson: we were likely to fail many time before we finally succeeded in doing something.
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
52.你校上周末组织了一次生态旅游（eco-travel），基于此活动校英文报Youth正在举办以“An Impressive Eco-travel”为主题的征文活动。

请你写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：
1.生态旅游中的见闻：
2.生态旅游后的感悟。

注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

An Impressive Eco-travel
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1. D
2. B
3. C
4. B
5. A
6. C
7. D
8. C 9. D 10. B 11. B
12. C 13. B 14. D 15. C
16. D 17. B 18. G 19. A 20. E
21. B 22. A 23. C 24. D 25. A 26. B 27. C 28. D 29. A 30. C 31. B 32.
C 33.
D 34. A 35. B 36. D 37. A 38. B 39. C 40. D
41. natural
42. for 43. which
44. shocked
45. suddenly
46. found 47. to press 48. and 49. frightening 50. reminder
51.(1).that→which
(2).gentle→gently
(3).to→for
(4).exciting→excited
(5).told→telling
(6).去掉but
(7).with与help之间加the
(8).them→it
(9).learn→learned
(10).time→times
52.略。