英语中的陈述句

一【2 】.陈述句
1. 陈述句的界说陈述句主如果用来传递信息,供给情形（包括确定和否认的情形）.
China is the largest country in Asia. 中国事亚洲最大的国度.I didn't tell him anything. 我什么也没有告知他.
2. 确定和否认的陈述句
I'm going to see a film. 我打算去看片子.I'm not going to see a film. 我不打算去看片子.
She has arrived. 她已经到达.She hasn't arrived yet. 她还没有到达.
3. 其他否认的陈述句
一.对谓语动词否认
否认词除了not之外,还有never, hardly, scarcely, seldom, rarely（几乎不.很少）.
He never smokes cigarette. 他从不抽烟.I hardly know the people there. 我几乎不熟悉那边的人.
二.对名词或代词否认
No students will take the course. 没有学生会选修这门课.I can do nothing about it. 对这事我力所不及.
Nobody will agree to this project. 没有人会赞成这项筹划.
4. 委婉陈述
人们在陈述事实的时刻,为了礼貌或者为了在措辞时留有余地,常常在措辞时采用委婉陈述方法.
一.采用插入语来软化陈述句的口吻
That will be, I think, too much for him. 我想那会使他受不了的.You'll be caught in the rain, I'm afraid. 生怕你们会淋雨.
I'll have another cup, if you please. 我想再来一杯,好吗？If you don't mind, I'd like to think about it for a minute.
假如你不介怀的话,容我斟酌一下.
二.采用情态动词或半助动词来软化口吻
He might be right. 他也许是对的.She seems to be unhappy. 她似乎不快乐.
He appears to have many friends here. 看来,他在这儿有很多同伙.
二.一般疑问句一般疑问句也可称为“yes ／no questions”,因这种问句平日用yes ／ no来答复,
相当于汉语中的“……吗？”其语序是：系动词be ／助动词／情态动词＋主语＋其他成分？
Are you from Japan？Yes I am．／ No I'm not．
Is her sister doing her homework now？Yes she is．／ No she isn't．
Does he work in a bank？Yes he does．／ No he doesn't．
Do you live near your school？Yes I do．／ No I don't．
Can you speak French？Yes I can．／ No I can't．
May I go home now？Yes you may．／ No you mustn't．
留意：1．将陈述句变为一般疑问句时,如句中有be 动词（am is are …）时,可直接将它们提至主语前.如主语为第一人称,应将其改为第二人称.如：
I'm in Class 2Grade 1．→Are you in Class 2Grade 1？
We're watching TV．→Are you watching TV？
2．陈述句中有情态动词（can may must …）时,也可直接将它们提至主语前,即可成为一般疑问句.如：He can swim now．→Can he swim now？
The children may come with us．→ May the children come with us？
3．陈述句中只有一个实义动词作谓语且当时态为一般如今时,变为一般疑问句时要在句首加do或does 主语后的实义动词用本相.如：I like these animals．→Do you like these animals？
或 She wants to go to the movies．→ Does she want to go to the movies？4．一般疑问句一般读升调(↑)
5．一般疑问句有时不用yes或 no 答复.如：
Are they in town now？I think so. 或 May I sit here？Certainly．
Does he like soccer？Sorry I don't know．
三..特别疑问句
1. 界说以特别疑问词开首,对陈述句中的某一部分提出疑问 / 进行发问的句子叫特别疑问句.
2. 特别疑问词全搜刮
一句话：wh-开首外加能与之结伴同业的名词; how及它的形容词兄弟姐妹们,如What（什么）,why(为什么),who(谁), where(哪里), which(哪一个), what class(什么课), what time(什么时光), what number(什么号码); how(怎么样),how many(若干), how old(多大),how much(若干)
3. 特别疑问句的组成特别疑问句由"特别疑问词+一般疑问句"组成：
How old are you? 你多大了？ What’s this in English? 这个用英语怎么讲？
但特别疑问句有时也要"特别解"：即假如问的是主语或主语的定语时,这时的特别疑问句看起来成
了"特别疑问词(+主语)+陈述句".如：
Who’s not here today? 今天谁没来？ Which pen is red? 哪枝钢笔是红色的？
4. 特别疑问句的语调小插件
一般说来,特别疑问句都要读成降调(↘),并往往让最后一个单词承担此重担.如：
What row are you in(↘)? 你在第几排？ Where is"E" (↘)? "E"在哪里？
5. 对特别疑问句的答复小扫描
答复特别疑问句,不能用"yes / no";但可用"到什么山上唱什么歌"来形容对特别疑问句的应答- -即问什么答什么(尤其是简单答复更显著).如：
-How old is your sister? 你妹妹本年多大了-She’s only five. / Only five. (她)才5岁. 依据答句写问句.
1.My bag is under the chair.
2.He’s eleven.
3.I’m a bus driver.
4.Li Yan is not here.
5.This pencil-case is 5 yuan.
6.You can take a bus.
同窗们在进修英语时是否留意到英语的疑问句和汉语有所不同？英语中的疑问句有一种是以what, who, where, how等开首的疑问句,这类疑问句便叫做特别疑问句,而这些表示疑问的词叫疑问词.为了控制特别疑问句,照样让我们一路来勇闯三关吧！
第一关：疑问词关
讯问的内容不同,我们所运用的疑问词便不同.问物用what,问(德律风)号码也用what,问人用who,问地点用where,问年纪用how old,问身材情形用how,问年级则用what grade等.例如：
1. -What’s that in English? -It’s a book.
2. -How old are you? -I’m fourteen.
第二关：语序关
英语中疑问句一般运用倒装语序,即将动词be(can等)放在主语的前面.特别疑问句的语序还应留意将特别疑问词放在句首.例如： 1. Where are you from? 2. How is your father?
当然,假如疑问词在句中作主语,则厥后直接跟上动词.例如： Who is Lin Ying?
第三关：答复关
对特别疑问句进行答复往往不可用yes或no,而应依据它所讯问的内容直接作出答复.例如：
-What class are you in? -I’m in Class Nine.
答复时,问句中的名词在答句中常用代词代替,this和that指物常用it来代替,these和those指
人或指物时常用 they来代替.例如：1.How old is your English↘teacher? 2. -Where is Mr Wang from? -He is from Beijing. 3. -What are these？ -They are boxes.。