八年级英语下册语法填空单元测试题(含答案)(word)1

八年级英语下册语法填空单元测试题(含答案)（word）1
一、八年级英语下册语法填空专项练习（含答案解析）
1．语法填空
Long long ago, there was a small village in the Middle East. In the village there was an old man ________ （call）Sthira. He lived by himself. His only son had gone far away to study. Sthira friends ________ （wonder）whether his son would return, ________ Sthira always said," Whatever happens, happens for good."
One day the old man's son returned and the villagers were very happy for Sthira. He thanked the villagers and said ________ （polite）, "Whatever happens, happens for good." However, later Sthira, s son broke his ________ Once again the villagers came to visit him and once again the old man thanked ________（they） and said," Whatever happens, happens for good." Some of the villagers were surprised ________ （hear） this. Why? What was good? His son's leg got badly hurt!
After a few days, the army came to the village and forced all the young men ________ （join）the army. When they found his son had a ________ （break） leg, they left him behind. Once again, all the villagers came to congratulate him on his ________luck. Like always, the old man was still thankful to them and said, "Whatever happens, happens for good."
【答案】 called；wondered；but；politely；leg；them；to hear；to join；broken；good 【解析】【分析】主要讲了中东地区的一个叫做Sthira的老人总认为无论发生什么，都是好事。

（1）句意：在一个村庄里有一个叫做Sthira的老人。

句子已经有谓语was，man和call间表示被动，所以用动词过去分词做man的定语，call的过去分词是called，故填called。

（2）句意：Sthira的朋友想知道是否他的儿子将回来。

时态是一般过去时，所以用wonder的过去式wondered，故填wondered。

（3）句意：但是Sthira总是说“无论发生什么，都是好事”。

前后句表示转折，所以用but，但是，故填but。

（4）句意：他感谢了村民，并且礼貌地说“无论发生什么，都是好事”。

副词修饰实义动词，said是实义动词，所以用形容词polite的副词politely，礼貌地，故填politely。

（5）句意：然而，之后Sthira的儿子摔断了他的腿。

根据后文His son's leg got badly hurt!他儿子的腿严重受伤，可知摔断的是一根腿，故填leg。

（6）句意：老人再次感谢了他们，说：“无论发生什么，都是好事”。

thanked，感谢，及物动词，后面用宾格，主格they的宾格是them，他们，故填them。

（7）句意：一些村民听到这个很惊讶。

be+形容词+to do sth.做某事怎样，固定搭配，故填to hear。

（8）句意：几天后，军队来到村子里，强迫所有的年轻人参军。

force sb. to do sth.强迫某人做某事，固定搭配，故填to join。

（9）句意：当他们发现他的儿子有一根腿断了时，他们把他留下了。

形容词修饰名词，leg是名词，所以用动词break的形容词broken，摔断的，故填broken。

（10）句意：所有的村民来庆祝他的好运。

老人的运气是好的，形容词修饰名词，luck是
名词，所以用形容词good，好的，故填good。

【点评】考查语法填空，考查词汇在语篇中的运用能力。

注意理解句意，首先读一遍，然后再逐一作答。

注意句型、搭配、短语及语境。

2．语法填空
Miss Evans is from the city ________ Chicago. She has ________ （stay）in China for one year. She was an English teacher in a middle school in Beijing last year. She worked five days ________ week. Every day she ________ （get）up early. After breakfast，she walked to school. At noon，she had lunch at school. At about 5:00，she ________ （finish）her work. Her son was new in Beijing. ________ Miss Evans helped him ________ his homework after supper. After that she liked________ （read）or surfing the net. She ________ to bed late. Now she is in Shanghai. She's busy. But she says she ________ （enjoy）working here because the Chinese people are very friendly.
【答案】 of；stayed；a；got；finished；So；with；reading；went；enjoys
【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章介绍了埃文斯女士在中国的工作和生活情况。

（1）句意：埃文斯女士来自芝加哥市。

the city of…固定搭配，……市，故答案是of。

（2）句意：她在中国待了一年，本句为现在完成时，因此谓语动词使用过去分词stayed，故答案是stayed。

（3）句意：她一周工作五天。

一周五天，five adys a week，固定搭配，故答案是a。

（4）句意：每天，她早早起床。

本文描述的是埃文斯在中国工作时的情况，因此使用一般过去时，get的过去式是got，故答案是got。

（5）句意：大约五点，她完成工作。

结合前文可知，本句依然是一般过去时，finish的过去式是finished，故答案是finished。

（6）句意：于是，晚饭后她帮助他做作业。

根据 Her son was new in Beijing. 可知，他儿子需要帮助，因此她就帮着做作业了，故答案是So。

（7）句意：于是，晚饭后她帮助他做作业。

help sb with sth.帮着做某事，故答案是with。

（8）句意：之后，她喜欢读书上网。

like doing sth. 喜欢做某事，固定短语，故答案是reading。

（9）句意：她睡觉晚。

go to bed睡觉，结合语境可知句子应为一般过去时，go的过去式是went，故答案是went。

（10）句意：但是她说他喜欢在这里工作，因为中国人很友好。

本句说的的是现在的情况，应使用一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，谓语动词使用单三形式，故答案是enjoys。

【点评】考查词汇在语篇中的运用能力，答题时首先要跳过空格掌握其大意，然后根据文章，字斟句酌逐一作答，主意考虑句型，语法，搭配、语境等因素，最后通读一遍检查验证。

3．阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。

Birthday is an important day in one's life, especially for children. For 365 days the child waits for that special day because he'll become one year ________（old）. Birthday is also the best time ________（have）a party with your friends and family members. To have ________ different birthday party, you have to prepare lots of ________（thing）. You should get everything ready. You may invite your friends ________（come） to the party because you hope to celebrate the meaningful day with the ones you love. It's best ________（send）some beautiful birthday invitation cards to them. There ________（be） many ways for you to have the invitation cards. You can buy some invitation cards in the shops or choose some e cards on the Internet. ________you have time, you can even make cards by ________（you）. They will show your effort to invite friends. I'm ________（sure） people would be happy to receive those hand-made cards.
【答案】older；to have；a；things；to come；to send；are；If；yourself；sure
【解析】【分析】本文介绍了过生日制作卡片和建议，过生日的时候可以邀请朋友，准备餐饮，自己徒手制作生日卡片。

（1）句意：365天里那个孩子在等待那个特殊的日子，因为他将要大一岁。

根据空缺处表示的意思是比以前大意思，更老，填入比较级，older，故答案为older。

（2）句意：生日是和您的朋友和家人一起开派对的最好时光。

根据短语be the best time to do sth，做某事的最好时光，可知空缺处填入to have，故答案为to have。

（3）句意；为了有一个不同的生日派对。

根据空缺处修饰party，可知应该填入不定冠词a，故答案为a。

（4）句意：你必须准备很多东西。

根据lots of后面加名词复数，可知空缺处填入things，故答案为things。

（5）句意：你可以邀请你的朋友们一起来到派对。

根据短语invite sb to do sth，邀请某人做某事，可知空缺处填入to come，故答案为to come。

（6）句意：最好赠送一些漂亮的生日邀请函给他们。

根据短语it's best to do sth，可知空缺处填入to send，故答案为to send。

（7）句意：有很多种方式得到邀请卡片。

根据be后面跟了ways，复数，结合就近一致原则，空缺处填入are，故答案为are。

（8）句意：如果你有时间，你可以自己做卡片。

根据空缺处引导条件从句，可知，应该填入If，故答案为If。

（9）句意：你甚至可以自己做卡片。

根据空缺的意义为你自己，可知，应该填入yourself，故答案为yourself。

（10）句意：我肯定人们会很高兴收到手工做的卡片。

根据短语be sure+从句，可知空缺处填入sure，故答案为sure。

【点评】考查语法填空，做此类题首先熟悉文章大意，结合语法知识，确定空缺处单词的正确形式，即可。

4．阅读下面短文，在空格处填入一个适合的单词或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。

Are you feeling very busy all the time? If you always think much work to do, it will make you ________（feel）bored. You should know that we'll have endless（无止境的）things tomorrow if we live. Why not________（do）the things you have to do today? So if you have a little time to relax, just enjoy ________（you）. It doesn't mean you are lazy. That is because only ________ you are relaxed, you can do best. Here are some ________ for you to relax.
Firstly, show love to everyone you meet. Make time to talk to your friends or smile to a ________（strange）or volunteer at a hospital. The more you give, the________you will receive. ________, take away the old things you don't ________or send them to someone who needs them.
Thirdly, watch the world as a child does. Go for a walk in a park and have a picnic. Lie down on the grass and look at the blue sky. Just sit down ________（listen）to your favorite music or even dance to it. You'll find your life more interesting.
【答案】feel；do；yourself；when；ways/suggestions；stranger；more；Secondly；need/want；to listen
【解析】【分析】本文介绍了人只工作不休息的坏处，以及给出放松的建议。

（1）句意：如果你总是想做大量的工作，它会让你感到无聊。

make sb do sth，固定搭配，是某人做某事，故填feel。

（2）句意：为什么不做你今天必须做的事情？why not+动词原形，固定搭配，为什么不做某事，故填do。

（3）句意：所以，如果你有一点时间放松，就好好享受一下吧。

enjoy oneself，固定搭配，过得快活，主语是you，故反身代词是yourself，故填yourself。

（4）句意：那是因为只有当你放松的时候，你才能做到最好。

根据you are relaxed, you can do best.可知，此处是时间状语从句，故填引导词when，当……的时候，故填when。

（5）句意：这里有一些让你放松的方法。

根据some，可知前后是可数名词复数，下文都是给的建议和方法，故应是方法，建议，way/suggestion，是名词，故填ways/suggestions。

（6）句意：抽时间和你的朋友聊天，或者和陌生人微笑，或者去医院做志愿者。

根据or volunteer可知是名词单数，故填stranger。

（7）句意：你付出得越多，得到的也就越多。

根据The more you give, the可知是比较级，the more，the better句型，越……越……，此处指更多，故填more。

（8）句意：第二，把你不需要的旧东西拿走，或者把它们送给需要它们的人。

根据Firstly可知此处是第二，副词，secondly，故填Secondly。

（9）句意：第二，把你不需要的旧东西拿走，或者把它们送给需要它们的人。

根据take away the old things you don't可知是不需要或补想要，需要，need，想要，want，助动词don't后是动词原形，故填need/want。

（10）句意：只要坐下来听你最喜欢的音乐，甚至跳舞。

根据favorite music可知是听音乐，不定式表示目的状语，故填to listen。

【点评】考查语言综合运用能力，注意非谓语动词，词性，连词搭配等多种用法。

5．阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空（每空不多于3个单词）。

Lin is a very kind girl. She is always ready to help people who are ________ trouble. Now Lin is studying in the University of Texas. At the same time, she volunteers ________（teach） at Heart House in her free time. Heart House is a local after-school study program for children. It provides some extra（额外的）________（educate）for children who are not doing ________（good） in school. Lin goes to Heart House to teach the children ________（two） a week. She also makes a website for Heart House. In this way, people will learn more ________ Heart House and better help the children there. ________（thank）to Lin's website, every week 125 volunteers spend two hours helping the children at Heart House now. "________ Lin's website, Heart House would never be able to have enough volunteers，" the program leader says. "I feel happy to teach those kids ________ to study. I won't give up ________（volunteer）. I hope to continue teaching kids who need help." Lin says.
【答案】in；to teach；education；well；twice；about；Thanks；Without；how；volunteering
【解析】【分析】文章大意：林是一个善良的女孩，现在在大学读书，他利用业余时间帮助那些没有学好的孩子补习，在他的帮助下，Heart House的影响力越来越大，有很多志愿者去那里工作。

林还创建了网站吸引了更多的志愿者。

（1）句意：他总是准备帮助那些处于困境中的人。

in trouble固定搭配，处于困境，故答案是in。

（2）句意：同时，他在业余时间Heart House志愿教学。

volunteer to do sth.志愿做什么，在这里应使用动词不定式，故答案是to teach。

（3）句意：这样就给了那些在学校做的不好的学生额外的教育。

根据some可知应使用名词形式，educate的名词是education，不可数名词，只有一种单数形式，故答案是education。

（4）句意：这样就给了那些在学校做的不好的学生额外的教育。

从句子结构上看good是修饰doing的，do是动词，修饰动词使用副词，应将good改为well，故答案是well。

（5）句意：林一周两次去Heart House教孩子们。

这里的two表示的是次数，two不能直接表示次数，应将two改为twice，故答案是twice。

（6）句意：用这种方式，人们将更多的了解有关Heart House 的情况。

learn sth about固
定搭配，了解有关……的情况，故答案是about。

（7）句意：多亏了林的网站。

多亏thanks to，固定搭配，位于句首首字母大写，故答案是Thanks。

（8）句意：没有林的网站，Heart House从不会有那么多的志愿者，没有without，故答案是Without。

（9）句意：教给孩子们如何学习我很快乐。

如何how，后跟动词不定式类似宾语从句，故答案是how。

（10）句意：我不会放弃志愿工作。

volunteer动词，根据句子结构可知应使用动名词形式，volunteer的动名词直接加ing，故答案是volunteering。

【点评】考查单词在具体语境中的运用，通读全文了解文章大意，然后根据语法、语境个固定搭配逐一作答，再读全文核实答案并检查答案。

6．【答案】have；went；is going to visit；are；wants；is going to show；read；is going to take；decided；is going to stay
【解析】【分析】本文介绍大卫一家假期的计划。

⑴句意：大卫来自美国，他和家人对于即将到来的假期有不同的计划。

根据前后的动词is 和likes可知用一般现在时，主语是复数，故答案为have。

⑵句意：大卫很喜欢中国，他去年去了北京。

根据last year可知用一般过去时，故答案为went。

⑶句意：但是他想更多的了解中国文化，所以他打算再去北京。

根据第二句可知此处表示计划打算要做的事情，故答案为is going to visit。

⑷句意：那里有很多关于中国文化的有趣的东西。

描述现在的状态，所以用一般现在时，故答案为are。

⑸句意：他想在故宫拍很多照片。

表示人的心理活动的一些动词如want、wish、think等通常用一般现在时，故答案为wants。

⑹句意：他打算向他的朋友们展示这些照片。

表示打算，计划，所以用be going to结构，故答案为is going to show。

⑺句意：大卫的爸爸三个月前看了很多关于日本历史的书籍。

ago是一般过去时的标志，故答案为read。

⑻句意：他打算去日本旅行。

表示打算，计划，所以用be going to结构，故答案为is going to take。

⑼句意：最后他决定去新加坡。

at last通常是一般过去时的标志，故答案为decided。

⑽句意：她打算呆在家里做作业。

表示打算，计划，所以用be going to结构，故答案为is going to stay。

【点评】本题考查动词的时态，通读短文，弄清大意，认真分析每一个句子，根据句中的时间或上下文的关系判断时态，注意句子的前后时态的一致。

7．【答案】 or；about；lonely；to walk；friends；make；and；well；because；loudly 【解析】【分析】短文大意：这篇短文讲的是每个人都有幸福。

当你遇到不幸福时，总有
人会帮你找到幸福。

（1）句意：穷人或富人，每个人能有幸福。

可知此处指的是无论男人还是女人，可知此处是or，表示选择，故答案为：or。

（2）句意：你不必去想太多关于那些有钱人的事。

about，关于，think...about...，思考关于……故答案为：about。

（3）句意：他们可能感到孤独因为他们的房子太大了。

根据because their houses arc too big由于房子大，没人陪所以感到孤独，lonely孤独的，形容词作表语，故答案为：lonely。

（4）句意：并且他们可能想在农村的路上行走因为他们每天在忙碌的城市开车上班。

want to do sth.想要做某事，故答案为：to walk。

（5）句意：当你不快乐时你的朋友会帮助你。

你的朋友不止一个，可知此处friend用复数，故答案为：friends。

（6）句意：这肯定会使你快乐。

助动词will后跟动词原形，故答案为：make。

（7）当你努力学习，你将得到好成绩并且当然你会为此感到高兴。

这两句之间的关系是顺承关系，关系词用and，故答案为：and。

（8）句意：如果你感到不舒服，你的父母会照顾你，你也将感到高兴。

根据your parents will take good care of you可知此处指身体健康，身体健康用well，故答案为：well。

（9）句意：当你贫穷时，你也可以说你感到幸福因为你可能看到其它一些钱买不到的东西。

这两句之间是因果关系，连词用because，故答案为：because。

（10）当你有问题时，大声说你很幸福因为你有更多的机会挑战自己。

副词修饰动词，loud大声的，形容词，loudly大声地，副词，故答案为：loudly。

【点评】此题考查语法填空。

我们先跳过空格阅读短文，理解短文大意，然后仔细阅读每个句子，根据上下文的联系和句子的意思，确定句子中所缺的词，用所给单词的适当形式填空或填上适当的词使文章结构完整。

然后进行核查，确定正确答案。

8．【答案】 learning；surprised；in；find；at；why；spoken；herself；gave；to show 【解析】【分析】文章大意：我的朋友珍妮对英语很感兴趣，她很害羞，这就是为什么她在英语口语和书面语方面没有任何进步的原因。

我告诉她在学习方面除了自己没有人会嘲笑她，然后我给她一些学习英语的建议。

（1）句意：我的朋友珍妮对学习英语很感兴趣。

根据空前介词in可知，此空应填动名词，故答案为learning。

（2）句意：我很惊讶地问她。

因为作者很不理解她的做法，所以是感到惊讶。

根据be surprised，惊讶的，根据前面的内容However, she covered it when I came by.然而当我进来时她用手手盖住了，可知我感到很快乐。

所填词在句中作表语，故应用形容词，故答案为surprised。

（3）句意：她低声回答。

根据in a low voice，用很低的声音，固定用法，故答案为in。

（4）句意：我不知道为什么，我找到她的“秘密”了吗？因为前边有did，所以直接用动词原形。

由secret，可知是发现秘密。

故答案为find。

（5）句意：请不要嘲笑我。

根据固定短语，laugh at，嘲笑，付之一笑，因……而发笑，
故答案为at。

（6）句意：这就是为什么她在英语口语和书面语方面没有任何进步的原因。

此句是why 引导的定语从句，此空是为什么的意思，故答案为why。

（7）句意：这就是为什么她在英语口语和书面语方面没有任何进步的原因。

根据前面所说她在别人面前学英语感到有点害羞，故可推测这里是说她的口语英语没有一点进步。

and 作为并列连词，前后格式应相同。

故答案为spoken 。

（8）句意：我告诉她在学习方面除了自己没有人会嘲笑她。

所填词在句中作介词宾语，故应用反身代词。

故答案为herself。

（9）句意：然后我给她一些学习英语的建议。

根据下句I asked her…，可知，此空应填过去式，此空是给的意思，故答案为gave。

（10）句意：我要求她尽她最大的努力来展示自己的英语水平。

根据固定搭配try one's best to do sth. 尽某人的努力做某事。

故答案为to show。

【点评】考查语法填空，在语篇中考查基本语法项目的运用，首先理解文章大意，然后细读文章，根据提示准确写出答案，注意考虑句型、搭配、冠词、从句、时态、语境等，最后通读检查验证。

二、八年级英语下册阅读理解专项练习（含答案解析）
9．阅读理解
My work allows me to live in different countries. Reading books helps me to connect（联系）with my friends and family, and my home country, the UK. Here are just some books that I read a lot.
Daddy Long Legs
This book follows the story of a young girl Judy, as she goes to university and gets lots of new experiences. This book always reminds me of my mother because she used to read it to me when I was ill in bed.
The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy
This is a science fiction book about a man's adventures（冒险经历）in space. It is really creative and has a very British sense of humor（幽默感）. For this reason, it might be a bit difficult for foreigners to understand, but when I read it, I feel a strong connection to my home. When I worked in Japan and the USA, the book was by my side.
Harry Potter
I'm sure many of you know Harry Potter books! I have read them many times since primary school. I really get lost in the stories. These days I' m reading them again in Germany.
The Railway Children.
This was one of my favorite books. It was a gift for my 13th birthday from my best friend, so it still strongly reminds me of my childhood（童年）. It follows three children and their adventures next to a railway（铁路）.
（1）Where is the writer from?
A. Germany.
B. Japan.
C. The UK.
D. The USA
（2）What does the writer think of The Hitchhikers Guide to the Galaxy?
A. Simple and fun.
B. Fun and creative.
C. Difficult to understand.
D. Important to British people.
（3）Which of the following is the writer reading these days?
A. Harry Potter.
B. Daddy Long Legs.
C. The Railway Children.
D. The Hitchhikers Guide to the galaxy.
（4）The Railway Children reminds the writer of his childhood because_______________.
A. he often read it when he was 13 years old
B. his best friend gave it to him as a birthday gift
C. he spent most of his childhood next to a railway
D. his mother used to read it to him when he was ill
【答案】（1）C
（2）B
（3）A
（4）D
【解析】【分析】这篇文章以表格的形式，向我们介绍了作者经常读《Daddy Long Legs》等三本书的原因。

（1）细节题。

根据Reading books helps me to connect with my family and home country，the UK.可知阅读书籍有助于我与家人和祖国英国建立联系。

故选C。

（2）细节题。

根据It is really creative and has a very British sense of humor.可知作者认为这本书富于创造性并且具有英式幽默。

故选B。

（3）细节题。

根据原文《Harry potter》那个表格里提到These days I'm reading thenm again in Germany.可知这些天我又在德国读了一遍。

故选A。

（4）细节题。

根据当作者生病的时候，作者的妈妈经常唱歌给他听，原文在《Daddy Long Legs》那个表格里，提到···she used to read it to me when I was ill.所以这里应该是给作者读书里的故事，而不是唱歌；铁路上的孩子们使作家想起了他的童年，因为他生病时，母亲常给他读这本书。

故选D。

【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。

10．阅读理解
You might see aliens in books and movies. They look strange. They are very smart. They travel in spaceships.
But are there really aliens in space? British scientist Stephen Hawking, 68, thinks so. He says that people should not look for aliens. He thinks they are dangerous. On a new British TV program, Hawking says, "It is quite possible that there are aliens in space. They might live in big spaceships. They have used up all the resources（资源）from their home planet. "He thinks such aliens are sure to get resources from Earth and then go away. They may bring troubles to Earth,
too.
（1）Aliens in books and movies are always .
A. quiet and strange
B. strange and smart
C. smart and cruel
D. shy and cute （2）Are there really aliens in space?
A. Yes, there are.
B. No, there aren't.
C. We are not sure.
D. There used to be some, but now they have disappeared.
（3）According to Mr. Hawking, aliens probably have .
A. used up their resources
B. polluted their own planet
C. destroyed the big spaceships they lived in
D. travelled around the earth
（4）Mr. Hawking believes that aliens will come to Earth to .
A. cause troubles
B. get resources
C. make a living
D. make friends with humans
【答案】（1）B
（2）C
（3）A
（4）B
【解析】【分析】文章大意：这是一篇议论文，主要讨论外星人。

你可能在书和电影中看到外星人，他们看起来很奇怪，他们很聪明，他们乘坐宇宙飞船旅行。

但是现实中没人看见过。

英国科学家认为人们不应该寻找外星人，他们太危险。

这些外星人会来地球掠夺资源，给地球带来麻烦。

（1）细节理解题。

根据
You might see aliens in books and movies. They look strange. 可知在书里他们很奇怪而且很聪明。

故选B。

（2）细节理解题。

根据 On a new British TV program, Hawking says, "It is quite possible that there are aliens in space. 可知Hawking认为极有可能有外星人，但不确定有。

应选C。

（3）细节理解题。

根据 They have used up all the resources（资源）from their home planet. 可知外星人可能用完了他们所有的资源。

故选A。

（4）细节理解题。

根据 "He thinks such aliens are sure to get resources from Earth and then go away. 可知 Mr. Hawking认为外星人会来地球上获取资源。

故选B。

【点评】此题考查阅读理解。

此题涉及细节理解题，我们先阅读短文，理解短文大意。

然后分析问题，带着问题仔细阅读短文，从短文的细节中找出问题答案。

11．阅读理解
Sally Ride was born in California in 1951. She was the first American woman to travel into space. She loved to play tennis and wanted to be a tennis player when she was young. But after three months' professional（专业的）training, she changed her mind. She went to Stanford University and started to study science. She studied stars and planets. She did researches at the university and got her PhD in astrophysics（天体物理学博士学位）after several years' hard work.
In 1977, she took a test to become an astronaut. And then she was picked up from over 8, 000 people. In order to realize her dream of going into space, she had to get different kinds of special and difficult training. She learned how to fly a plane, how to jump out of a plane as well as how to operate（操作）special machines.
Sally and four other astronauts flew a spaceship called Challenger on Jun. 18, 1983. She became the first American woman to travel into space. Later, she taught at the University of California. Then she wrote seven books on space for children, encouraging children to study science. Unfortunately, she died in 2012.
（1）When did Sally Ride go into space?
A. In 1951.
B. In 1977.
C. In 1983.
D. In 2012.
（2）Which is NOT true about Sally Ride?
A. She learned how to fly a plane.
B. She learned how to produce machines.
C. She learned how to jump out of a plane.
D. She learned how to use special machines.
（3）Sally Ride taught at the University of California .
A. before she got her PhD in astrophysics
B. before she went to Stanford University
C. after she wrote books on space
D. after she travelled into space
（4）Which is the best title（题目）of the passage?
A. The first American woman writer.
B. The first American woman astronaut.
C. The first American woman teacher.
D. The first American woman scientist.
【答案】（1）C
（2）B
（3）D
（4）B
【解析】【分析】短文大意：本文介绍了第一位进入太空的美国女士萨莉·赖德。

年轻时她喜欢网球，想当一名网球运动员。

但是三个月的特殊训练后，她改变了主意，经过几年的学习，她获得了天体物理学博士学位。

1977年她参加宇航员考试，从8000多人中脱颖而出，经过各种不同种类的特殊而且困难的训练，她学会了开飞机、跳伞、操作特殊的机器。

1983年6月18日，她与其它四位宇航员一起乘坐挑战者号宇宙飞船进入太空，成为第一位进入太空的美国宇航员。

后来，她到加利弗尼亚大学教书，并为儿童写了七本有关太空的书籍，鼓励孩子们学习科学。

她于2012年不幸去世。

（1）细节理解题。

根据 Sally and four other astronauts flew a spaceship called Challenger on Jun. 18, 1983. She became the first American woman to travel into space.莎莉和四个其它宇航员在1983年6月18日乘坐挑战号宇宙飞船。

她成为第一个到太空旅行的女人。

可知莎莉在1983年飞向太空的。

故选C。

（2）细节理解题。

根据 She learned how to fly a plane, how to jump out of a plane as well as how to operate（操作）special machines. 她没有学会生产机器，可知选项B错误的，故选B。

（3）细节理解题。

根据She became the first American woman to travel into space. Later, she taught at the University of California. 可知她去太空后去加利福尼亚大学教学。

故选D。

（4）题目归纳题。

这篇短文介绍了美国的女飞行员莎莉一生的故事。

故选B。

【点评】此题考查阅读理解。

关键信息定位法。

这个主要是细节题，在文章中快速圈出数字，再找出目标数字及相对应的细节作息。

推理题解题技巧，在理解原文字面意思的基础上，通过对语篇逻辑关系的分析和细节的暗示，做出一定的判断和推理，从而得到文章的深层意义及隐含意义的过程。

主旨大意题解题技巧，根据文章的中心思想确定。

12．阅读理解
When Daniel woke up yesterday morning, he found he was a bit late for school, so he started running to catch the bus. Moments later, he saw a dog, but not its lead. He tripped over the lead and fell down. He jumped up quickly, went on running and got on the bus. After a while an old coach broke down in the middle of the road, and the driver couldn't move it. It was eight o' clock, the middle of the rush hour, so it soon created a terrible traffic jam. The bus driver tried to go round the coach. Unfortunately a taxi was coming in the opposite direction. The driver tried to stop the taxi, but he couldn't prevent the accident-the taxi crashed into the front of the bus! Luckily nobody was hurt.
When Daniel finally got to school out of breath, the science lesson had been on for five minutes. Daniel said sorry to the teacher and sat at his desk. He reached out for his school bag-no，it was nowhere to be found.
"Where is my school bag?" Daniel was puzzled. Suddenly he realized that he had left it on the bus. Bad luck！
（1）What does the underlined word "tripped" mean?
A. 扔掉
B. 拣起
C. 绊倒
D. 跨越（2）What is the order of the accident?
①A taxi was coming in the opposite direction.
②The bus driver went round the coach.
③An old coach broke down.
④T he taxi crashed into the bus.
A. ①→④→②→③
B. ②→③→①→④
C. ③→②→④→①
D. ③→②→①→④
（3）What is the best title for this passage?
A. An Unlucky Day
B. A Happy Day Out
C. A Traffic Accident
D. A Strict Teacher。