雅思6.5分强化-补充练习
雅思6.5评分标准
雅思6.5评分标准
雅思考试评分标准主要分为四个方面：听力、阅读、写作和口语。
在每个方面，考生都会根据自己的表现获得相应的分数，最终
综合计算得出总分。
以下是对每个方面的评分标准的详细解释：
1. 听力（Listening），雅思考试的听力部分主要测试考生对
英语口语的理解能力。
评分标准主要根据考生对录音材料的理解程
度和回答问题的准确性。
主要考察考生是否能准确抓取信息，理解
口音和语速，以及是否能正确回答问题。
2. 阅读（Reading），雅思考试的阅读部分主要测试考生对英
语文本的理解能力。
评分标准主要考察考生是否能准确理解文章的
主旨和细节，是否能正确推断作者意图，以及是否能准确回答问题。
3. 写作（Writing），雅思考试的写作部分主要测试考生的写
作能力。
评分标准主要考察考生的写作结构、语法和词汇的运用是
否准确，以及是否能清晰表达观点和论据。
4. 口语（Speaking），雅思考试的口语部分主要测试考生的口
语表达能力。
评分标准主要考察考生的语音、语调、词汇和语法运
用是否准确，以及是否能流利、清晰地表达观点和回答问题。
总的来说，雅思考试的评分标准注重考生的语言能力和沟通能力，希望考生在各个方面都能表现出准确、流利、清晰的语言运用能力。
希望这些信息能够帮助你更好地了解雅思考试的评分标准。
雅思口语考试Part 1参考答案(6.5分-7.5分)
8.4 An important inventionPart11. Have you ever stayed in a really nice/expensive hotel? (Experience Question: a good sample is supposed to briefly convey the feeling of that experience attached with the main details.)Yeah, I still remember the last New Year when my uncle invited all of my family members to stay 3 nights in the most up-scale hotel of my hometown. We all enjoyed the luxurious facilities, like the cozy bed and smooth velvit. I was even served breakfast every morning in my room. It’s fantastic.2. What services and facilities are usually available in hotels in your country? (Description Question: The most common mistake is to list all the ‘facilities’ one has ever known. A better answer should focus on a certain aspect and illustrate some details to support this aspect. If a student finds it too hard to get something sepcial, he/ she can try to categarise the target details and illustrate their functions one by one. )Sample 1: Well, in my mind, most of my country’s hotels could offer the majority of the basic facilities in their service, but the lockers or drawers with keys might be something special. You know, some business people whose work involes confidentiality would appreciate this facility very much.Sample 2: In my mind, most of my country’s hotels could offer the majority of the basic facilities in their service, like beds, TVs and showers with hot water. These facilities are essential to make the guests have less uncomfortable feelings in an unfamiliar environment. Most of the hotels also provide some wardrobes to the guests to hang their clothes.3. What factors are important when selecting a hotel? (Giving Opinion Questions: The sturcture of this kind of question is quite clear. The answerer is supposed to propose an opinion and give some explanation.)From my perspective, security is the thing I pay the utmost attention to. That includes not only just the CCTV cameras but also the maintaining of their facilities. We should, first of all, ensure ourselves not injured by accident when we choose to stay a while in some places.Part 2Describe an important invention (before the age of computers) that has influenced human society.You should say:what the invention iswhen and where it was inventedhow it is usedand explain how this invention has influenced society．In my mind, trains have been serving as an outcome of the desire to facilitate humans’ lives and never fall behind people’s expectations. As an art and literature student, I can’t exactly tell the origin of this great invention. However, I thought its creation could date back to the age of steam train in UK after the invention of team machine by James Watt. The increase of our life qualities should owe a lot to this invention for two reasons. (Background Information) For one thing, almost every citizen in today’s modern society enjoys the high frequency and speed of the railway service. Specifically, people only need to spend several hours to cover a long distance journey which would have taken them about a month in the past. One could even get into the next train in less an hour if the one issued by the ticket was missed. (Point 1 + Explanation)For another, the net of the rail tracks covers a large area of my country. No matter how remote your location is, you would have a relatively easier access to the nearest train station.Speaking of this, I should say thanks to the invention of train as a globetrotter. (Point 2 + Explanation)All in all, trains play an important role in our life and contribute a lot to our society. (Ending Sentence)Part 31．What changes have taken place in society as a result of the use of modern technology such as the television and the computer? (Description Question)The past decades witnessed a series of changes brought by high technologies. On the one hand, people benefit a lot from the convenience and efficiency supported by thoseadvanced technologies. For example, computer has speeded up the pace of almost every single work and is going to make more changes in the near future. On the other hand, high technology also invades into people’s daily lives and shapes people’s life styles.One of the most noticeable phenomenon must be the growing number of phubbers who care less and less about their surroundings.2. Do you think people rely too much on machines and modern technology nowadays? (Giving Opinion Question)Absolutely yes. People have already lost the ability to deal with even basic tasks without the assistance of technology. Specifically, we could see this from the overwhelmingoccupation of those so-called ‘user friendly’ electronic products. People even don’t have to read the instruction before they get familiar with the main functions.3. How do you think modern technology will change the way people work in the future? (Prediction Question)To tell the truth, people’s way of working is being changed by the most cutting-edgetechnology all the time and this will definitely be the tendency in the future. Obviously, people have been changing their minds to keep in tune with the high-tech to enhancetheir work efficiency. It’s natural to benefit from what we created.。
雅思学员梁同学雅思6.5分心得
大家好，我叫梁xx。
我毕业于烟台一中，高考后偶然的机会我来到华兹华斯，开始我的雅思之旅。
经过大约两个月的准备，我于9月6日在郑州进行了我的第二次雅思考试。
我的雅思听力7.5，阅读7，口语6，写作6，总分6.5。
很荣幸能在这里和各位分享一下我的雅思考试心得。
首先想说一下心态问题。
以我个人经验而看，心态决定了雅思考试成绩的一半。
拥有了好的心态，听力才能听得清，阅读才能找得准，写作才能想得出，口语才能放得开。
考雅思的时候最好能够“置成绩为身外之物”，轻装上阵。
还有要相信自己的水平，考前不要过分焦虑，不然后果不堪设想（我的第一次考试就有这样的教训）！！关于听力方面。
其实说实话，由于高考不考听力，在准备雅思之前，我已经很久都没有经过听力训练了。
在上强化的时候，我感觉自己的听力一直都是最弱的。
也正因为如此，我报了于娜老师的听力一对一，再加上后期自己的刻苦练习，最后还是取得了一个比较满意的成绩。
对于听力，我认为最重要的是还是读题。
在拿到试卷之后，一定要抽出一切时间去读题，现在雅思考试中的选择和搭配题很多，读题需要很长的时间，所以我的这两类题都是先记下关键词，到最后的十分钟再去寻找答案，我觉得这样可以挤出很多的读题时间，有利于找到听力答案。
刚上一对一的时候，我的选择搭配做的很差，于娜老师告诉我说要记下关键词，不要只是听，并且给了我一本叫做《雅思王听力真题语料库》的书要我听写单词。
听写练习的同时于娜老师带着我练习这个类型的题目，最后终于把听力成绩提上去了。
关于阅读方面。
词汇量可以说一直是硬伤，雅思阅读对词汇量的要求还是比较大的，我在华兹华斯上基础课的时候王玖玲老师专门讲过词根词缀记忆法，自认为还是很有助于记忆单词的。
我的词汇量并不是很大，但是雅思阅读也还算是过得去，这主要是因为雅思阅读也是有一定的技巧性的。
我做阅读的时候，通常是先看一下题目，再看所有问题并且画出关键词（于娜老师特别强调，并且交给我怎么画），最后再去读文章。
强化班补充材料
强化班补充材料雅思阅读补充材料T/F/NG 专项练习1．原文：It is almost impossible to write of the Arts in Australia without mentioning the building that first put Australia firmly on the world cultural map－the Sydney Opera House.题目：The Opera House drew world attention to the Arts in Australia.2．原文：The Opera House was designed not by an Australian but by a celebrated Danish architect, Jorn Utzon, whose design won an international competition in the late1950s. Its distinctive and highly original shape has been likened to everything fromthe sails of a sailing ship to broken eggshells, but few would argue with the claim thatthe Opera House is a major contribution to world architecture.题目：Utzon designed the roof to look like the sails of a sailing ship.3. 原文：Set amidst the graceful splendor of Sydney Harbour, presiding like a queen over thebustle and brashness of a modern city striving to forge a financial reputation in atough commercial world, it s a reminder to all Australians of their deep and abidinglove of all things cultural.题目：According to the author, Sydney is a quiet and graceful city.4. 原文：Utzon left the country before completing the project and in a fit of anger vowed never toreturn.题目：Utzon never returned to Australia to see the completed building.5. 原文：The Queen officially opened the building in 1975 and since the, within its curved andtwisted walls, audiences of all nationalities have been quick to acclaim the manyworld-class performances of stars from the Australian opera, ballet and theatre.题目：Australian artists give better performances in the Opera House.6. 原文：Chances are, if you live in a city, you have not seen one for some time. Even in wet areasonce teeming with frogs and toads, it is becoming less and less easy to find those slimy,hopping and sometimes poisonous members of the animal kingdom.题目：Frogs are disappearing only from city areas.7. 原文：All over the world, and even in remote parts of Australia, frogs are losing the ecologicalbattle for survival, and biologists are at a loss to explain their demise.题目：Biologists are unable to explain why frogs are dying.8. 原文：The danger is that planet Earth might not only lose a vital link in the ecological foodchain (frogs keep populations of otherwise pestilen t insects at manageable levels)…题目：Frogs are important in the ecosystem because they control pests.9. 原文：It exhibited some very strange behaviour; instead of giving birth to tadpoles in the water,it raised its young within its stomach. The baby frogs were actually born from out oftheir mother's mouth.题目：Frogs usually give birth to their young in an underwater nest.10. 原文：Unfortunately, this freak of nature is not the only frog species to have been lost in题目：Eight frog species have become extinct so far in Australia.11. 原文：Another theory is that worldwide temperature increases are upsetting the breedingcycles of frogs.题目：It is a fact that frogs' breeding cycles are upset by worldwide in creases in temperature.12. 原文：Because of the relative freedom of access to information, the Internet has often beencriticized by the media as a potentially hazardous tool in the hands of young computerusers.题目：The media has often criticized the Internet because it is dangerous.13. 原文：In fact, it would be true to say that both Australian Labor Party and the Liberal Partyconsist of conservative, moderate and radical elements, and therefore the generalpublic is often perplexed about which party to vote for.题目：Radical groups are only found within the Labor Party.14. 原文：Welfare societies tend towards bankruptcy unless government spending is kept incheck..题目：Welfare-based societies invariably become bankrupt.15. 原文：Thus, for instance, at the last election there was the No Aircraft Noise Party, popular incertain city areas, and the Green Party, which is almost solely concerned withenvironmental issues.题目：The No-Aircraft-Noise Party is only popular in the city.16. 原文：Nowadays, without a qualification from a reputable school or university, the odds oflanding that plum job advertised in the paper are considerably shortened.题目：It is impossible these days to get a good job without a qualification from a respected institution.17. 原文：It is no secret that competition is the driving force behind the need to obtainincreasingly higher qualifications. In the majority of cases, the urge to upgrade is nolonger the result of an insatiable thirst for knowledge.题目：Most people who upgrade their qualifications do so for the joy of learning.18. 原文：Naturally, although there is agreement that learning can cause stress, Gatsby'scomments regarding university standards have been roundly criticised as alarmist bymost educationists who point out that, by any standard of measurement, Australia'seducation system overall, at both secondary and tertiary levels, is equal to that of anyin the world.题目：Australia's education system is equal to any in the world in the opinion of most educationists.19. 原文：Wealthy parents have always been willing to spend the vast amounts of extra moneynecessary to send their children to schools with a perceived educational edge.题目：Some parents spend extra on their children's education because of the prestige attached to certain schools20.原文：For example, it has been demonstrated that rapid response leads to a greater likelihoodof arrest only if responses are in the order of 1-2 minutes after a call is received by thepolice. When response times increase to 3-4 minutes, still quite a rapid response, thelikelihood of an arrest is substantially reduced.题目：A response delay of 1-2 minutes may have substantial influence on whether or not a suspected criminal is caught.21. 原文：Booking in advance is strongly recommended as all Daybreak tours are subject todemand. Subject to availability, stand by tickets can be purchased from the driver.题目：Tickets must be bought in advance from an authorized Daybreak agent.22. 原文：In Sydney, a vast array of ethnic and local restaurants can be found to suit all palatesand pockets.题目：There is now a greater variety of restaurants to choose from in Sydney than in the past.23. 原文：Of the 26 species that are known to have become successful integrated into the local.题目：At least twenty-six of the introduced species have become established in Australia. 24. 原文：In the clash between environmentalists and developers, the Indians, whose presence isin fact crucial to the survival of the forest, have suffered the most.题目：The indigenous Amazonian Indians are necessary to the well-being of the forest.25. 原文：Los Angeles has some of the world’s cleanest cars－far better than those of Europe－but the t otal number of miles those cars drive continue to grow.题目：Residents of Los Angeles are now tending to reduce the yearly distances they travel by car.26. 原文：According to Company Clothing magazine, there are 1000 companies supplying thework wear and corporate clothing market. Of these, 22% account for 85% of totalsales-＄380 million in 1994题目：Most businesses that supply company clothing are successful.27. 原文：Most people think of the cultures represented in the collection in terms of the absenceof advanced technology. In fact, traditional practices draw on a continuing wealth oftechnological ingenuity.题目：Traditional societies are highly inventive in terms of technology.28. 原文：Singapore has for a while had a scheme that forces drivers to buy a badge if they withto visit a certain part of the city. Singapore is advancing in this direction, with acity-wide network of transmitters to collect information and charge drivers as theypass certain points. When the local government in Cambridge, England, consideredintroducing Singaporean techniques, it faced vocal and ultimately successfulopposition.题目：Charging drivers for entering certain parts of the city has been successfully done in Cambridge, England.29. 原文：With declining birthrates and an anticipated shortage of new entrants to thework force, early retirement will become an issue for organizations toexplore in more detail .题目：Organizations need to examine in more detail the effects of a declining birthrate 30. 原文：They hunted by preference whales ,walruses, caribou and seals, although polar bears,birds and any other edible animal might be taken in a pinch, The Arctic has very littleedible vegetation, although Inuit did supplement their diet with seaweed.题目：Inuit hunters prefer to eat walruses and birds.Answer keys:1-10 T F F NG NG F T T NG F11-20 F F F F NG F F T NG T21-30 F NG T T F F T F F FList of Headings 补充练习Exercise 1Choose the correct heading for each section from the list of headings below.1. Section A2. Section B3. Section C4. Section D5. Section E6. Section F7. Section GUnderstanding Bee BehaviourAA bee’s brain is the size of a grass seed, yet in this tiny brain are encoded some of the most complex and amazing behavioural patterns witnessed outside humankind. For bees are arguably the only animals apart from humans which have their own language. Earlier this century Karl V on Frisch, a professor of Zoology at Munich University, spent decades of “the purest joy of discovery” unraveling the mysteries of bee behaviour. For his astonishing achievements he was awarded the Nobel Prize and it is from His work that most of today’s knowledge of what bees say to each other derives.B.It started simply enough. Von Frisch knew from experiments by an earlier researcher that if he put out a bowl of sweet sugar syrup, bees might at first take some time to find it but, once they had done so, within the hour, hundreds of other bees would be eagerly taking the syrup. Von Frisch realized that, in some way, messages were being passed on back at the hive, messages which said, ‘out there, at this spot, you’re going to find food.’CBut how was it happening? To watch the bees, V on Frisch constructed a glass-sided hive. He found that, once the scout bees arrived back at the hive, they would perform one of three dance types. In the first type, a returning scout scampered in circles, alternating to right and left, stopping occasionally to regurgitate food samples to the excited bees chasing after her. In the second dance, clearly and extended version of this round dance, she performed a sickle-shaped figure-of-eight pattern instead. In the third, distinctly different dance, she started by running a short distance in a straight line, waggling her body from side to side, and returning in a semi-circle to the starting point before repeating the process. She also stopped from time to time to give little bits of food to begging bees. Soon the others would excitedly leave the hive in search of food. Minutes later, many of them, marked by V on Frisch, could be seen eating at the bowls of sugar syrup.DExperimenting further, V on Frisch unraveled the mystery of the first two related types, the roundand the sickle dances. These dances, he concluded, told the bees simply that, within quite short distances of the hive there was a food source worth chasing. The longer and more excitedly the scout danced, the richer the promise of the food source. The scent she carried in her samples and on her body was a message to the other bees that this particular food was the one they were looking for. The others would then troop out of the hive and fly in spiraling circles ‘sniffing’ in the wind for the promised food.EAt first, Von Frisch thought the bees were responding only to the scent of the food. But what did the third dance mean? And If bees were responding only to the scent, how could they also ‘sniff down’ food hundreds of metres away from the hive, food which was sometimes downwind? On a hunch, he started gradually moving the feeding dish further and further away and noticed as he did so, that the dances of the returning scout bees also started changing. If he placed the feeding dish over nine metres away, the second type of dance, the sickle version, came into play. But once he moved it past 36 metres, the scouts would then start dancing the third, quite different, waggle dance.The measurement of the actual distance too, he concluded, was precise. For example, a deeding dish 300 metres away was indicated by 15 complete runs through the pattern in 30 seconds. When the dish was moved to 60 metres away, the number dropped to 11.FV on Frisch noted something further. When the scout bees came home to tell their sisters about the food source, sometimes they would dance outside on the horizontal entrance platform of the hive, and sometimes on the vertical wall inside. And, depending on where they danced, the straight portion of the waggle dance would point in different directions. The outside dance was fairly easy to decode: the straight portion of the dance pointed directly to the food source, so the bees would merely have to decode the distance message and fly off in that direction to find their food.GBut studying the dance on the inner wall of the hive, V on Frisch discovered a remarkable method which the dancer used to tell her sisters the direction of the food in relation to the sun. When inside the hive, the dancer cannot use the sun, so she uses gravity instead. The direction of the sun is represented by the top of the hive wall. If she runs straight up, this means that the feeding place is in the same direction as the sun. However, if, for example, the feeding place is 40° to the left of the sun, then the dancer would run 40° to the left of the vertical line. This was to be the first of von Frisch’s remarkable discoveries. Soon he would also discover a number of other remarkable discoveries. Soon he would also discover a number of other remarkable facts about how bees communicate and, in doing so, revolutionize the study of animal behaviour.Answer Keys:1. Section A VI2. Section B IV3. Section C X4. Section D VIII5. Section E VII6. Section F II7. Section G VExercise 2Choose the most suitable headings for paragraphs B-E and G from the list of heading below. Write the appropriate numbers (i-x) in boxes 12-16 on your answer sheet.2. Paragraph C3. Paragraph DPEOPLE AND ORGANISATIONS: THE SELECTION ISSUEA In 1991, according to the Department of Trade and Industry, a record 48,000 British companies went out of business. When businesses fail, the post-mortem analysis is traditionally undertaken by accountants and market strategists. Unarguably organisations do fail because of undercapitalisation, poor financial management, adverse market conditions etc. Yet, conversely, organisations with sound financial backing, good product ideas and market acumen often underperform and fail to meet shareholders' expectations. The complexity, degree and sustainment of organisational performance requires an explanation which goes beyond the balance sheet and the "paper conversion" of financial inputs into profit making outputs. A more complete explanation of "what went wrong" necessarily must consider the essence of what an organisation actually is and that one of the financial inputs, the most important and often the most expensive, is people.B An organisation is only as good as the people it employs. Selecting the right person for the job involves more than identifying the essential or desirable range of skills, educational and professional qualifications necessary to perform the job and then recruiting the candidate who is most likely to possess these skills or at least is perceived to have the ability and predisposition to acquire them. This is a purely person/skills match approach to selection.C Work invariably takes place in the presence and/or under the direction of others, in a particular organisational setting. The individual has to "fit" in with the work environment, with other employees, with the organisational climate, style or work, organisation and culture of the organisation. Different organisations have different cultures (Cartwright & Cooper, 1991; 1992). Working as an engineer at British Aerospace will not necessarily be a similar experience to working in the same capacity at GEC or Plessey.D Poor selection decisions are expensive. For example, the costs of training a policeman areabout £ 20,000 (approx. US$ 30,000). The costs of employing an unsuitable technician on an oil rig or in a nuclear plant could, in an emergency, result in millions of pounds of damage or loss of life. The disharmony of a poor person-environment fit (PE-fit) is likely to result in low job satisfaction, lack of organisational commitment and employee stress, which affect organisational outcomes i.e. productivity, high labour turnover and absenteeism, and individual outcomes i.e. physical, psychological and mental well-being.E However, despite the importance of the recruitment decision and the range of sophisticated and more objective selection techniques available, including the use of psychometric tests, assessment centres etc., many organisations are still prepared to make this decision on the basis of a single 30 to 45 minute unstructured interview. Indeed, research has demonstrated that a selection decision is often made within the first four minutes of the interview. In the remaining time, the interviewer then attends exclusively to information that reinforces the initial "accept" or "reject" decision. Research into the validity of selection methods has consistently demonstrated that the unstructured interview, where the interviewer asks any questions he or she likes, is a poor predictor of future job performance and fares little better that more controversial methods like graphology and astrology. In times of high unemployment,! recruitment becomes a "buyer's market" and this was the case in Britain during the 1980s.F The future, we are told, is likely to be different. Detailed surveys of social and economic trends in the European community show that Europe's population is falling and getting older, The birth rate in the Community is now only three-quarters of the level needed to ensure replacement of the existing population. By the year 2020, it is predicted that more than one in four Europeans will be aged 60 or more and barely one in five will be under 20. In a five-year period between 1983 and 1988 the Community's female workforce grew by almost six million. As a result, 51% of all women aged 14 to 64 are now economically active in the labour market compared with 78% of men.G The changing demographics will not only affect selection ratios. They will also make it increasingly important for organisations wishing to mainta in their competitive edge to be more responsive and accommodating to the changing needs of their workforce if they are to retain and develop their human resources. More flexible working hours, the opportunity of work from home or job share, the provision of childcare facilities etc., will play a major role in attracting and retaining staff in the future.Questions 6-11Do the following statements agree with the views of the writer in Reading Passage 2In boxes 17-22 on your answer sheet writeYES if the statement agrees with the writerNO if the statement does not agree with the writerNOT GIVEN if there is no information about this in the passage6. Organisations should recognise that their employees are a significant part of theirfinancial assets.7. Open-structured 45 minute interviews are the best method to identify suitable employees.8. The rise in the female workforce in the European Community is a positive trend.9. Graphology is a good predictor of future fob performance.10. In the future, the number of people in employable age groups will decline.11. In 2020, the percentage of the population under 20 will be smaller than now.1. IV2. VIII3. V4. III5. I6. YES7. NO8. NG9. NO 10. YES 11. YESSummary 补充练习Exercise AA commonly drawn distinction is between pre-history, i.e. the period before written record s- and history in the narrow sense, meaning the study of the past using written evidence. To archaeology, which studies all cultures and periods, whether with or without writing, the distinction between history and pre-history is a convenient dividing line that recognizes the importance of the written word, but in no way lessens the importance of the useful information contained in oral histories.Since the aim of archaeology is the understanding of humankind, it is a humanistic study, and since it deals with the human past, it is a historical discipline. But if differs from the study of written history in a fundamental way. The material the archaeologist finds does not tell us directly what to think. Historical records make statements, offer opinions and pass judgements. The objects the archaeologists discover, on the other hand, tell us nothing directly in themselves. In this respect, the practice of the archaeologist is rather like that of the scientist, who collects data, conducts experiments, formulates a hypothesis, tests the hypothesis against more data, and then, in conclusion, devises a model that seems best to summarise the pattern observed in the data. The archaeologist has to develop a picture of the past, just as the scientist has to develop a coherent view of the natural world.Complete the summary of the two paragraphs. Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the passage for each answer.Much of the work of archaeologists can be done using written records but they find ___1_____ equally valuable. The writer describes archaeology as both a __2____ and a ___3_____. However, as archaeologists do not try to influence human behaviour, the writer compares their style of working to that of a ___4____.Exercise BA representative sample of language, compiled for the purpose of linguistic analysis, is known as a corpus. A corpus enables the linguist to make unbiased statements about frequency of usage, and it provides accessible data for the use of different researchers. Its range and size are variable. Some corpora attempt to cover the language as a whole, taking extracts from many kinds of text; others are extremely selective, providing a collection of material that deals only with a particular linguistic feature. The size of the corpus depends on practical factors, such as the time available to collect, process and store the data: it can take up to several hours to provide an accurate transcription of a few minutes of speech. Sometimes a small sample of data will be enough to decide a linguistic hypothesis; by contrast, corpora in major research projects can total millions of words. An important principle is that all corpora, whatever their size, are inevitably limited in their coverage, and always need to be supplemented by data derived from the intuitions of nativespeakers of the language, through either introspection or experimentation.Choose NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS from the paragraphA linguist can use a corpus to comment objectively on ___5_____. Some corpora include a wide range of language while others are used to focus on a ___6____. The length of time the process takes will affect the ___7____ of the corpus. No corpus can ever cover the whole language and so linguists often find themselves relying on the additional information that can be gained from the ___8____ of those who speak the language concerned.Exercise CWe have found that the blind understand other kinds of visual metaphors as well. One blind woman drew a picture of a child inside a heart- choosing that symbol, she said, to show that love surrounded the child. With Chang Hong Liu, a doctoral student from China, I have begun exploring how well blind people understand the symbolism behind shapes such as hearts that do not directly represent their meaning.We gave a list of twenty pairs of words to sighted subjects and asked them to pick from each pair the term that best related to a circle and the term that best related to a square. For example, we asked: What goes with soft? A circle or a square? Which shape goes with hard?All our subjects deemed the circle soft and the square hard. A full 94% ascribed happy to the circle, instead of sad. But other pairs revealed less agreement: 79% matched fast to slow and weak to strong, respectively. And only 51% linked deep to circle and shallow to square. When we tested four totally blind volunteers using the same list, we found that their choices closely resembled those made by the sighted subjects. One man, who had been blind since birth, scored extremely well. He made only one match differing from the consensus, assigning ‘far’ to square and ‘near’ to circle. In fact, only a small majority of sighted subjects-53%- had paired far and near to the opposite partners. Thus, we concluded that the blind interpret abstract shapes as sighted people do. Complete the summary below using words from the box.NB Y ou may use any word more than once.A set of word __9___ was used to investigate whether blind and sighted people perceived the symbolism in abstract __10___ in the same way. Subjects were asked which word fitted best with a circle and which with a square. From the _11___ volunteers, everyone thought a circle fitted ‘soft’ while a square fitted ‘hard’. However, only 51% of the __12__volunteers assigned a circle to __13__. When the test was later repeated with __14_volunteers, it was found that they madeExcersise A1. oral histories2. humanistic study3. historical discipline4. scientistExersise B5. frequency of usage6. particular linguistic feature7. size8. intuitionsExersise C9. pairs 10. shapes 11. sighted 12. sighted 13. deep 14. blind 15. similarMatching 补充练习Why some women cross the finish line ahead of menA Women who apply for jobs in middle or senior management have a higher success rate than men, according to an employment survey. But of course far fewer of them apply for these positions. The study, by recruitment consultants NB Selection shows that while one in six men who appear on interview shortlists get jobs, the figure rises to one in four for women.B The study concentrated on applications for management positions in the $ 45,000 to $110,000 salary range and found that women are more successful than men in both the private and public sectors. Dr Elisabeth Marx from London-based NB Selection described the findings as encouraging for women , in that they send a positive message to them to apply for interesting management positions. But she added, “We should not lose sight of the fact that significantly fewer women apply for senior positions in comparison with men.”C Reasons for higher success rates among women are difficult to isolate. One explanation suggested is that if a woman candidate manages to get on a shortlist, then she has probably already proved herself to be an exceptional candidate. Dr Marx said that when women apply for positions they tend to be better qualified than their male counterparts but are more selective and conservative in their job search. Women tend to research thoroughly before applying for positions or attending interviews. Men, on the other hand, seem to rely on their ability to sell themselves and to convince employers that any shortcomings they have will not prevent them from doing a good job.D Managerial and executive progress made by women is confirmed by the annual survey of boards of directors carried out by Korn/Ferry/Carre/Orban International. This year the survey shows a doubling of the number of women serving as non-executive directors compared with the previous year. However, progress remains painfully slow and there were still only 18 posts filled by women out of a total of 354 non-executive positions surveyed. Hilary Sears, a partner with Korn/Ferry, said , “Women have raised the level of grades we are employed in but we have still not broken through barriers to the top.”E In Europe a recent feature of corporate life in the recession has been the de-layering of management structures. Sears said that this had halted progress for women in as much as de-layering has taken place either where women are working or in layers they aspire to. Sears also noted a positive trend from the recession, which has been the growing number of women who have started up on their own.F in business as a whole, there are a number of factors encouraging the prospect of greater equality in the workforce. Demographic trends suggest that the number of women going into employment is steadily increasing. In addition a far greater number of women are now passing through higher education, making them better qualified to move into management positions.G Organisation such as the European Women’s Mangement development Network provide a range of opportunities for women to enhance their skills and contacts. Through a series of both。
13.高中生一次性过雅思6.5的秘诀
高中生一次性过雅思6.5的秘诀今天三立在线教育雅思网为大家揭秘高中生是如何一次性过雅思6.5的，备考雅思考试的高中烤鸭，可以作为参考！首先高中雅思考生分成四类：第一类国际学校或国际部国际班学生，平时适应了双语教学，有着不错的听力和口语基础；第二类是普通高中的基础较好的学生，满分150分的高中或者高考试卷能达到130分以上；第三类是双语教学体系下基础一般或者有部分薄弱的学生；第四类则是普通中学基础较为薄弱的考生。
通过跟踪以上四类学生发现，第一类学生大部分雅思成绩最终能达到7分以上，第二类学生一般不低于6.5分，更有一部分能达到7-8分，第三类学生在补足了弱项例如写作和阅读后，雅思成绩能到6.5-7分，第四类同学如果雅思基础阶段走得比较踏实，能在三个月内达到6.5分至少6分的成绩。
高中生考雅思一次过6.5分，最核心的关键要素并非词汇量，也非英语发音，而是纠正不良的英语使用习惯，少犯错，在语法上多呈现变化。
高中生被普遍认为词汇量低于大学生，所以在雅思阅读和雅思写作上不占据优势。
但很多人往往忽视了高中生有着较大学生更体系的语法基础，听力练习也时常进行。
所以麦考瑞雅思的老师对高中的培训重点在于基于其语法知识体系，结合剑桥雅思语法进行深度拓展和巩固，首先确保高中生们在口语对话、写作中少犯、不犯语法错误，做到时态、第三人称单数等变化多样性和准确性，其实这在雅思考试中是非常加分的。
然后是在已有的词汇基础上做到多样归类和灵活使用，根据雅思考试的词汇要求做适当补充。
如果短期想提高词汇量，只被词汇书效果不好，所以如何将高中生现有的几千词汇量调动得灵活多样，确保不犯错，然后再出彩，就是拿分的关键。
在高中生比较不擅长的雅思阅读和雅思写作部分，实行分题型强化训练，简单题不丢分，中等题能拿分，高难度题不拉分，能做到这些对一般基础的高中生而言就是成功。
雅思写作方便更注重写作思维、结构的塑造和训练，一些英语大词的词汇量不够也没关系，有效补充和有效使用能确保写作到6.5-7分。
轻松玩转雅思口语6-6.5分高频话题系列之part1购物类
How often do you go shopping? Did you buy anything online? Where do you usually go shopping,big shopping malls or small stores? Do you prefer online shopping or shopping in stores ? 在我们尝试回答这些问题之前，先共同学习⼀下和shopping有关的核⼼词汇吧~ 节⽇相关词汇 counter柜台 corner shop街⾓⼩店 shop assistant售货员 convenience store便利点 hypermarket⼤型超级市场 stall货摊 kiosk报摊，公⽤电话亭 boutique时装精品⼩店 precinct购物区 department stores百货商店 dime store廉价商品 grocery store杂货店 mail-order store邮购商店 auction拍卖 bid喊价 shopping center商业中⼼区 antique shop古玩店 show window橱窗 show case玻璃货架 shelf货架 price tag价签 wrap up包装 free of charge不收费 shop assistant售货员 saleswoman⼥售货员 stationery⽂具 fancy stuff⾼档货 texture⼿感 shopaholic购物狂 daily necessities⽇⽤品 time-consuming耗时的 browse浏览 good bargain便宜货 shopping spree疯狂购物 household appliances家⽤电器 time-consuming费时的 category种类 office appliance办公⽤具 kitchen appliance厨房⽤具 shopaholic购物狂 name-brand stuff pricey昂贵的 on impulse冲动的 buy one and get anyone free 买⼀赠⼀ cosmetics化妆品 Question1：Do you like shopping? 思路：正⾯回答+原因 ⾼分回答Of course.Shopping is a necessary part of our daily life.I like shopping not only for purchasing some fancy stuff,but more like enjoying the time with friends. 妙语连珠 a necessary part of...必须的部分 fancy stuff ⾼档货 Question2：How often do you go shopping? 思路：频率+原因 ⾼分回答1Generally speaking，about once every three days for daily necessities.As for clothes,it will depend on my mood.If I am in the mood to go shopping,I will go shopping anytime. 妙语连珠 daily necessities ⽣活必需品 depend on取决于 Question3：Did you buy anything online? 思路：正⾯回答+举例说明 ⾼分回答Well, every young people have online-shopping experience.I always buy quite a few things online,such as bags,books,shoes,tissues, shampoo and stuff.Besides,it’s cheaper than those in the regular malls,the best part is that the product will be delivered to us in a pack and we can unwrap it like a Christmas gift. 妙语连珠 quite a few相当多 tissues 纸⼱ shampoo洗发液 Question4：Where do you usually go shopping,big shopping malls or small stores? 思路：正⾯回答+阐述原因 ⾼分回答I usually go shopping in small stores because they can provide me with some special styles.I can spend a good time picking out a suitable item.Besides,the owners of the small shops are always friendly and enthusiastic. 妙语连珠 provide sb with sth.提供某⼈某物 pick out挑选 enthusiastic热情的 Question5：Do you prefer online shopping or shopping in stores ? 思路：正⾯回答+原因 ⾼分回答I usually go shopping online.It saves us a lot of time and money.I can compare the prices of different shops easily by a click of the mouse.Besides,the goods can be delivered to my home directly.Online shopping can save me a lot of time as well as energy. 妙语连珠 a click of the mouse 点击⿏标 Question6：When do you usually go shopping? 思路：正⾯回答+阐述原因 ⾼分回答Weekends are the only time for me to go shopping.Also,the periods after festivals and holidays are ideal for shopping.You know,that’s commonly the discount season. 妙语连珠 be ideal for...很理想 that’s commonly the discount season⼀般都是打折季 Question6：Where do you usually go shopping? ⾼分回答Almost everywhere, from the big, grand shopping malls to the flee market where I can find a good bargain. I feel like the location is not that important, it’s the act of shopping itself that counts. 妙语连珠 flee market⾃由市场 bargain讨价还价。
6月5日雅思写作题目以及解析(薛鹏)
2010年6月5日雅思写作题目解析以及语料库2010年6月5日作文题目重复2008年9月27日的作文（原题重现）--- 题目在我的强化写作教材的P72Students from rural areas often find it difficult to access university education, so people think universities should make it easier for them to study at. To what extent do you agree or disagree? 来自贫困的地域的学生发现自己很难接受大学教育，是否同意对于农村的学生，大学应该提供更加简单的教育.写作思路：让步反驳（理由是大学并没有因为学生来自乡村就提供简单教育，假设提供简单教育，其弊端也是明显的）主题观点：对于乡村大学生，尽管教简单课程可能有利好，但是弊端更多，我认为不应该提供简单的教育，这篇文章将提出我的理由以及提出其他帮助乡村大学生快速适应大学生活的方法。
思路拓展：首段：背景（很多来自乡下的大学生发现自己很难适应大学的学习生活，很有挫败感，甚至失去学习的兴趣）+ 有待反驳观点（在这样的背景下，有人提出要为乡下大学生提高简单教育）+ 提出自己观点（我不同意这个观点，本文将论证理由以及提出如何帮助乡下学生适应大学的学习生活。
二段：让步提供简单教育的利好以及提出潜在的弊端（我不否认，那些提出给乡下学生提供简单教育的人初衷是好的，由于乡村地区的教育质量较差，学生的学习基础较差，简单教育理论上是提供了量体裁衣的教育方式。
但是其弊端更加明显，第一，这是教育资源的不合理分配，其实人人有权接受平等的教育。
第二，这样做会让一些乡下学生产生自卑心理。
第三，简单教育培养出来的大学生缺乏竞争力，对于未来的事业以及成长不利。
三段：提出我的建议（帮助乡下学生适应大学学习生活方法很多。
6.5-7雅思听力答案
预备篇细节练习题Southeast coast4 million(surfing) beaches ModerateCafes and restaurantsArtsOpera houseOlympic gamesCheck/cheque bookCash cardSavings/select savers250OkamuraApartment 106 kingstone Japanese32MarriedCBAWeekdaysPassport photos PassportSophiaRed houseBirmingham79322536WeddingNew streetApril 20T596Z5 filmsAnswering the telephone Hillsdonne road4.45 pounds22 OctoberClear voice think quickly National holidayLibraryManujaMary3839 rose48346290\LunchAMetricblackBD6Break for coffee/coffee break 6;30Eat/drinkParisKing George8Chocolate factoryArt exhibitionFerry15 minsHelperNurseCleanerPrimary school teacher 11.309.30CageBack/backwards120Doctor97RollAttachedWeekends11065ACBCAACBAccommodation information Shared accommodation Shared$7-9Australian lifeFriendshipFoodElectricityLegal contract$85SquareParkHope streetBank managerEnrollmentCurrent/student account CheckbookWithdrawPermission4.30 or5.00A+LectureBPink slipDepartmentReception25 penceSummarizeEssay plan(Get) feedbackUnit 1 warm up ProblemFastBad75(Some) lightAir1003014515ExtremeFootIslandAgricultureInsects65Water treatment plant 82.5 hoursVisiting the dam Youth hostel Breakfast and dinner 600Student magazine Sell advertising Take photos NewspaperEditStudent radio station Read the news NoticeboardWrite articlesWrite articlesFisherman6 monthsCaptainEducation InterpreterSister citiesFestivalCoal and firewood48CBCDEHClub housePoliticsLearnLeavesListening Activity No. 14013745 2016453 7849253 5066423 5094287Listening Activity No. 223A 840214627 602 579594225 71579507621 992022131324673830 King’s Road 532 837502917 Green Street 51 362788448 Church Street 273 843065Listening Activity No. 3 PBI DRILLA. listen carefully and write down the following names and placesBarbara Cooper John Murphy Stephen AdelaideMartha Hunt James Black Greenwich Terry FisherBWilliams Peter Canada 2342965 25C.Turnball Gill Australia SE 23 2073346Listening Activity No.42:45 5:20 7:30 6:20 8:0012:30 11:05 17:40 22:50 15:30Listening Activity No. 5Trains4 13:302 14:203 16:401 7:305 9:302 10:305 11:053 11:30PlanesBA207 8:30OA535 12:05BA965 12:00SK506 17:15BA205 9:30OA593 14:40BA707 15:05Listening Activity No. 6Table 1234 143 364 4263 56 138 112 Table 26735.4993.7709.6703.2433.5445.9377.797 306.2230 southDR68AB18WorkshopsYoung children Materials Insurance Publicity Program AvailableCollege dining room Office staff Students10 December Coffee break6DictionaryMusicPhotosSpeechDouble roomNon-smoking Fresh fruitTable tennis5.40Wednesday2.45Internet connection Meeting roomCABACAAABBUnit 4 CCABAe Ac CeBCBBCACBABABCCAACBACBBACCCBCACCBCAARabbitFatBeef Ladies’ fans LeatherMeatACCBBForestFish farms Market garden CACBCABBAACCCCABCBBBACombinationSafetyAttitudesControlFactorySkillsUnit 5CoursesComing semester ConfidenceWorkforce Undergraduate PostgraduateSciencesBusinessSeminarApproachesLearning strategies PlanningThinkingTechniquesSessionsAnalyzing materials Confident presentations PositiveProcessSubjectStudy skillsTechniquesManagement diploma courses Course contentLocal hospitalUnpaid leaveEvening classLectureDiscussion workshop CourseworkEssay AssessmentCase studySurveyShort reportFieldMonday and FridayShoppingGuided tourMotivationTime management ModulesSummer schoolPhysicalInstinctsReliefBondsPowerMagicSecurity AssessmentCafe7.30DisabledBirdsExhibitions AbstractDesignerPortraits2 yearsPhotosClean safeBasic needsResidents Economic Secondary school FilmsWomen’s center SkillsStatusCatalogues Computer center Checklist Teaching experience Classroom ReviewSchools2000End of term ResearchUnit 6ABBCeDGBGarden hall3 lives4.50Faces of ChinaCool and wetWool and timber Fertile soil VegetablesWarm and wet800Ancient Stone houses Store BasketsBBCABACABCBBACBCHDEABEGHCACBCBAEDHBENGCRC14mCollarSee and breatheDeep under water5 minsFeetAttackedReadings2000 positioning reading。
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C5-T2-S4, P36, THREE WORDS AND / OR A NUMBER•ANTARCTICA•GEOGRAPHY•World’s highest, coldest and windiest continent•More than 31 ______ times as big as the UK•Most of the area is classified as 32 ______•RESEARCH STATIONS•International teams work together•33 ______ is integrated with technical support•Stations contain accommodation, work areas, a kitchen, a 34 ______ and a gym•Supplies were brought to Zero One station by sledge from a 35 ______ at the edge of the ice 15 km away•Problem of snow build-ups solved by building stations on 36 ______ with adjustable legsC5-T2-S4, P36, THREE WORDS AND / OR A NUMBER•ANTARCTICA•FOOD AND DIET•Average daily requirement of an adult in Antarctica is approximately37 ______ kilocalories•Rations for field work prepared by process of freeze-drying •RESEARCH•The most important research focuses on climate change, including •-measuring changes in the ice-cap (because of effects on sea levels and 38 ______)•-monitoring the hole in the ozone layer•-analyzing air from bubbles in ice to measure 39 ______ caused by human activity•WORK OPPORTUNITIES•Many openings for 40 ______ people including•-research assistants•-administrative and technical positions•NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER•THE GIR SANCTUARY•35. The sanctuary has an area of approximately ________ square kilometres.•36. One threat to the lions in the sanctuary is ________.•37. The ancestors of the Gir Sanctuary lions wereprotected by a ________.•38. A large part of the lion’s ________ consists of animals belonging to local farmers.•39. The lions sometimes ________, especially when water is short.•40. In ancient India a man would fight a lion as a test of ________C5-T3-S4, P60•NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER •HOUSEHOLD WASTE RECYCLING •31. By 2008, carbon dioxide emissions need to be ______ lower than in 1990.•32. Recycling saves energy and reduces emission from landfill sites and ________•33. People say that one problem is a lack of “________” sites for household waste.•34. Glass designed to be utilized for ________ cannot be recycled with other types of glass.•35. In the UK, ________ tons of glass is recycled every year.•ONE WORD ONLY•The School of Education Libraries•The libraries on both sites provide internet access and have a variety of 21 ______ materials on education.•The Castle Road library has books on sociology, together with 22 ______ and other resources relevant to the majority of 23 ______ school subjects.•The Fordham library includes resources for teaching in 24 ______ education and special needs.•Current issues of periodicals are available at both libraries, although 25 ______ issues are only available at Fordham.C6-T1-S3, P14 TWO WORDSCollege Facility InformationRefectory Inform them 22 ______ about specialdietary requirements23 ______long waiting list,apply now Careers advice drop-in centre for information Fitness center reduced24 ______ for students Library Includes books, journals, equipmentroom containing audio-visualmaterialsComputer ask your 25 ______ to arrange apassword with the technical supportteamC6-T2-S3, P37 THREE WORDS AND / OR A NUMBERTargets previouslyagreed Work completed Further actionsuggestedInvestigate suitable data analysis software -Read IT 21_____-Spoken to Jane Prince,Head of the 22 _____Sign up for somesoftware practicesessionsPrepare a 23 ______ for survey -Completed and sent forreviewAdd questions insection three on24 ______Further reading about discipline -Read Banerjee-N.B. Couldn’t findEricsson’s essays onmanaging the 25 ______Obtain from librarythrough specialloans serviceC6-T2-S3, P37 THREE WORDS AND / OR A NUMBER New Targets Specific suggestions TimingDo further work on Chapter 1 (Given the title: Context26 ______)-Add statistics on the27 ______ in various zones-Include more references toworks dated after 28 ______By the 29 ______Prepare list of main sections for Chapter 2-Use index cards to help inorganizationBefore startingthe 30 ______C5-T4-S4, P83•31. During the first week of term, students are invited to ____• A. be shown round the library by the librarian.• B. listen to descriptions of library resources.• C. do an intensive course in the computer center.•32. The speaker warns the students that ____• A. internet materials can be unreliable.• B. downloaded information must be acknowledged.• C. computer access may be limited at times.•33. The library is acquiring more CDs as a resource because ____• A. they are a cheap source of information.• B. they take up very little space.• C. they are more up to date than the reference books.C5-T4-S4, P83•34. Students are encouraged to use journals online because ____• A. the articles do not need to be returned to the shelves. • B. reading online is cheaper than photocopying articles.• C. the stock of printed articles is to be reduced.•35. Why might some students continue to use reference books?• A. they can be taken away from the library.• B. they provide information unavailable elsewhere.• C. they can be borrowed for an extended loan period.•36. What is the responsibility of the Training Supervisor?• A. to supervise and support library staff.• B. to provide orientation to the library facilities.• C. to identify needs and inform section managers.。