七上牛津版英语Unit 3 The Earth-grammar

Countable nouns and uncountable nouns
名词分类 Countable nouns （可 数名词） animal, apple, map, 例子 article…… Uncountable nouns （不 可数名词） water, air, money, light, bread, paper, news, meat, practice, etc. A lot of = lots 许多的 an of animal much money 修饰词 既可修饰可数名词，也可 a map a lot of water 修饰不可数名词。多用于 some/many apples a piece of paper/news 肯定句。 This plant is beautiful. Air has no smell 例句 These cats are lovely.
肯定和否定 Yes, there is. 回答 No, there isn't.
Yes, there are. No, there aren't.
学以致用
• • • • • • 用be的正确形式填空。 are There _______ many monkeys in the mountain. is There _______ a beautiful garden in our school. is There _______ some water in the glass. There _______a bed and two chairs in is Betty’s room. are There _______thirty boys in the class.
可数名词变复数
可数名词的单数 形式 复数形式的变化 例子

一般形式
以x,s,sh,ch结尾的 词 以辅音字母y结尾 的词 以f/fe结尾的词 特殊词
直接加“s”
直接加“es” 变“y”为“i”再加 “es” 变“f”或“fe”为 “v”再加“es” 特殊变化
pen→pens；car→______ cars
There be 的否定形式及疑问形式
肯定形式
否定形式
there is
there isn't
There are
there aren't
例句
There is some water in the glass.
There are different animals on Earth.
疑问形式
Is there any water in the Are there different glass? animals on Earth?
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Answers: DCABD
不可数名词和可数名词的定义
• 不可数名词是不可加不定冠词或具体数词 计算的名词 e.g. water, air, paper, meat • 可数名词是可加不定冠词或具体数词计算 的名词 e.g. a pen, two books，three chairs
Unit 3 The Earth
Period 5 Grammar
Content
speaking
reading
grammar
self-test
Daily speaking 1. Do you like making friends? Why? 2. What do you usually do with your friends?
2. 可数名词复数前可加few, a few, some, many, a number of, lots of 等修饰 • How many students are there in your class?
3. 既可加可数名词又可加不可数名词的修饰词有： • a lot of, lots of, some.
Thank You !
注： 以“O”结尾的可数名词，一般情况下变复 数都是直接加“s”，但是在 英雄hero, 黑人 negro，土豆potato，西红柿tomato这些单词 变复数时要加“es”。 （黑人英雄爱吃西红柿和土豆）
Have a try
Complete the sentences with a , an or some.（用a,an 或some 完成句子。） a 1. I can't use the blackboard. Please bring me ___ chalk. 2. I'd like ______ _____ some drink. Please give me some orange juice. a 3. My shoes are very old. I need ______ new pair. 4. We need some __ flowers for the party. 5. You have ____ terrible cold. You need some _____ a medicine.
Reading
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In England, people don’t usually talk much. You can go on a bus, or in a train, and every one sits looking out of the window. Often they read. They read books and newspapers. But they don't talk much. When you meet English people, they often talk about one thing, the weather. So when you meet somebody in England, you can say, “Nice weather for the time of year!” “But it was a little cold yesterday,” somebody may answer. “But it got a bit warmer later,” you can say. Talk like this, and the English will think “How friendly you are!”
boxes buses box→_______ bus→______; families family→________ comedies comedy→_______
knife → knives; leaf → leaves _______
children child→____________ men man→______; feet teeth foot→_____tooth→____ ; sheep sheep→______
练习
C there in our class? 1.How many boys ____ A. be B. is C. are D. am 2. There ______ pencil-box and some flowers A on the desk. A. is a B. are some C. has a D. have some 3. There _____ A ten bananas and an apple in the basket. A. are B. is C. has D. have 4. There are so many green trees on ____ C sides of the street. A. either B. each C. both D. neither 5. There______ C anything new in today’s newspaper. A. is B. are C. isn’t D. are
• 如果"be"后的主语，是由and连接的两个 或两个以上的名词，那么be的形式要遵 循“就近原则”，即"be"的形式是由与 它最近的那个名词的形式来决定。例如： • 1.There is a book and some pens on the desk. • 2.Therearesome pens and a book on the desk.
练习
B on the wall. They are very beautiful. 1.There ______ A. are photoes B. are photos C. is a photo D. is photos 2. This kind of car _______ A made in Shanghai. A. is B. are C. were D. has 3. There are four _____ D and two ________ in the group. A. Japanese, Germen B. Japaneses, Germen C. Japanese, German D. Japanese, Germans C already. 4.The boys have got _______ A. two bread B. two breads
C. two pieces of bread D. two piece of bread
There be 句型
There be 句型主要是用来表达“某处（某时）有某 物（某人）” 其基本结构为 “There be ＋某物（某人）＋某地 （某时）” • 对于be动词的确定 • 如果be动词后的名词是单数或不可数名词就 用is,否则就用are. 例如： is • 1.There ________a tree behind the house. • 2.There __________ some water in the bottle. is • 3.There__________ are some pears in the box.