斯仑贝谢LWD讲座

Aug 2003

ROP (ft/hr)

LWD – Real Time Logging, In Time
• The highest data rates in the industry mean you get the data you need, when you need it.
The Old Way The New Way

Aug 2003

More Alphabet soup
MWD Impulse 4 ¾”OD PowerPulse PP6 6 ¾”OD PP8 8 ¼”OD PP9 9” OD Tool Combinations: Visionxxx – Triple combo string, ARC-MWD-ADN Vision475 = 4 ¾” OD (Impulse-ADN) Vision675 = 6 ¾” OD (ARC6-PP6-ADN6 Vision825 = 8 1/4” OD (ARC8-PP8-ADN8)
 Excellent vertical resolution  Can produce images for structure analysis  Azimuthal measurement  Measure point can be very close to (at) the bit  Very little high-angle effects  Will not work in non-conductive bore holes  Relatively shallow depth of investigation
BZ25-1 Project LWD Services
Bohai Offshore China Vision* LWD Services

Presented by: Wang Ruo

Aug 2003 2003 Aug

VISION LWD Services

Aug 2003

Alphabet soup
ARCx - Array Resistivity Compensated , 2 MHz and 400 KHz resistivity ARC4 = 4 ¾” OD (=Impulse) ARC6 = 6 ¾” OD ARC8 = 8 ¼” OD ARC9 = 9” OD RABx - Resistivity At the Bit Upgraded to GeoVision Resistivity (GVR) GST Geosteering tool (6 ¾” OD) ADNx – Azimuthal Density Neutron ADN4 = 4 ¾” OD ADN6 = 6 ¾” OD ADN8 = 8” OD. ISONIC only called ISONIC

Aug 2003

Tool Configuration
121/4- & 81/2 -in. Hole

Aug 2003

LWD Operating Modes

Real-time data with MWD
Aug 2003

Data stored in downhole memory

MWD Service: Telemetry Realtime Log Survey

Why put up with a minimal suite of poor quality logs in real time?
Aug 2003

When you can have a Wireline-Quality logging suite in real-

Toolface Display
• Data can be displayed on multiple locations simultaneously • Presentation can be edited to suit the particular application

• Remote monitoring is also possible - this is particularly useful for real-time well control by shore-based teams.

* 2 data points per foot for Real Time Triple Combo (D&I, GR, 2 Resistivities, Density, Neutron)

At 12 bps Schlumberger provides a 8 sec RT update rate At 6 bps Schlumberger provides a 16 sec RT update rate At 3 bps Schlumberger provides a 32 sec RT update rate

Aug 2003

VISION 675/825/900 400 kHz
Thin Bed Response

Aug 2003

Horizontal Well Evaluation

Aug 2003

Geometry Effects

Aug 2003

Polarization Horns

Aug 2003

Polarization Horn Effect
PowerPulse Impuls e

SlimPulse

• Reliability • Maximized data update rate • Minimal impact on drilling operations

Aug 2003

Example Telemetry Data Frame

Aug 2003
Continuous D&I
Aug 2003

MWD Data Transmission
• All MWD tools use mud-pulse telemetry to transmit data to surface:
• Analog to Digital signals (1 and 0) • Digital signals to pressure pulses • Pressure pulses transmitted through the mud column • Design considerations:

VISION Phase Shift Resistivity

Aug 2003

VISION Deep Resistivity

Aug 2003

Resistivity Anisotropy

Aug 2003

Permeability and Resistivity Anisotropy

Aug 2003

Aug 2003

Skin Effect Changes DOI and Resolution

Phase

Att

Phase

Att

Low Resistivity • Higher resolution • Shallower DOI
Aug 2003

High Resistivity • Lower resolution • Deeper DOI

Signal change is proportional to the formation Resistivity
Aug 2003

ARC Tool Family
Gamma Ray Resistivity ARC 312 Impulse 475
18 ft 7.1 ft 6.9 ft 27 ft 33 ft 19 ft 14 ft 4 ft 6.1 ft

Aug 2003

VISION Resistivity Environmental Effects

Aug 2003

Eccentering Effect

Aug 2003

Eccentering Effect

Aug 2003

VISION 675/825/900 2 MHz
Thin Bed Response
 Relatively deep depth of investigation  Will work in non-conductive bore holes  Anisotropy processing (using multiple Phase
and Attenuation measurements)
Aug 2003

Geosteering Surveying
• Traditional surveying may give a systematic error…
96ft 96ft

This is what was surveyed drilled
isห้องสมุดไป่ตู้

Aug 2003

Continuous D&I in Geosteering

ROP vs Measurements
Max ROP to have 2 data per foot versus sampling rate
400 350 300 250 200 150 100 50 0 5 10 15 20 25 Data Update Rate (sec) 30 35 40

Phase transform

Aug 2003

Attenuation Resisistivity Transform

Aug 2003

VISION Resistivity vs. AIT

Aug 2003

The Distance-to-Contact Question

Aug 2003

Geometrically or Geologically?

Aug 2003

Aug 2003

Invasion Profiling

Multiple Depths of Investigation allow software inversion to evaluate True Resistivity and invasion diameter

Aug 2003

ARC 675
18 ft 7.1 ft 6.9 ft

ARC 825
18 ft 7.1 ft 6.9 ft

ARC 900

Length
Aug 2003

Basic 2 MHz/400 Khz Measurement

Aug 2003

2 MHz resistivity volume of investigatio
• Cont D&I would provide surveys at any desired interval 96ft 96ft

• Has the potential to provide higher vertical resolution • Could be combined with AIM for further Aug 2003 improvement

Low Resistivity Pay

Aug 2003

VISION475 Curve Separation

Aug 2003

VISION475 Curve Separation

Aug 2003

VISION475 Curve Separation

Aug 2003

Propagation - the Good and the Bad

Aug 2003

Resistivity Tools

Aug 2003

Aug 2003

Benefits of VISION Resisitivity

Aug 2003

2 MHz Propagation Tools
Pulse fires, Wave travels through formation Signal changes Phase and Strength as it passes through formation

 Relatively poor vertical resolution  Non-directional measurement  Strongly affected by high-angle effects

Aug 2003

Laterolog - the Good and the Bad

Log QC: Control Drill ROP
+ Data vs Time Depth vs Time = Data vs Depth

Aug 2003

Logging While Drilling tools: CDR ARC ADN

Aug 2003

SLB Formation Evaluation tools