chapter 4 Global Business 全球商业
Chapter 4.International Business Cooperation ppt
Word study
oscillate (para.1)v. to swing back and forth with a steady, uninterrupted rhythm.持续周期 性地摆动：以稳定的、不间断的节奏来回摇摆 ambivalence (para.1)n. the coexistence of opposing attitudes or feelings, such as love and hate, toward a person, an object, or an idea.矛盾情绪，双重人格：对人、对物或对观点的 相对立态度或感情的共存，如爱和恨 affiliate(para.2)n. a person, an organization, or an establishment associated with another as a subordinate, subsidiary, or member.成员， 分支机构：作为部属、副手或成员与其他人、其它组 织或其它机构发生联系的人、组织或机构
Japan‟s lack of enthusiasm for outsourcing to China is due to the concern over anti-Japanese sentiment and the desire to protect their intellectual property and to a belief that manufacturing remains a core Japanese competency. It‟s not because Japan is short of capital. It is because the government recognizes that inviting in foreign firms is an indirect means of promoting reform, by exposing sleepy Japanese firms, particularly in the service sector, to a dose of competition. Foreign firms need to understand the local market but must also carefully craft a strategy for the Japanese market. Foreign firms are essentially targets of learning for Japanese firms. They can bring in new ideas which are then assimilated to the Japanese firms.
商务英语综合教程4Unit4Businessethics课后答案
商务英语综合教程4Unit4Businessethics课后答案Unit 4 Business ethicsExtensive ReadingCorporate Philanthropy Responds to DisastersExercisesI.Speed Reading ComprehensionRead the text for FIVE minutes, and find the best answer to each of the following questions.nd paragraph, why some companies faced internal criticism?According to the 21.A. These companies have donated too much money to the communities, regardless of theirown capacity.B. These companies ignored the needs of their own employees who were affected by thedisasters.C. The philanthropic programs of these companies were too cheap.D. Corporate had to go back to boards for additional donation resources.2. Why is it that some companies are suggested donating cash instead of products whendisasters take place?A. Products are often hard to transport and warehouse.B. Using cash in the locality helps rebuild the economy.C. Product may not fit the needs of the beset community.D. All of above.3. Which of the following statement is NOT true with Pitney Bowes Inc.?A. It has operated a fund that helps employees out ofpersonal tragedies.B. Its Employee Involvement Fund can reflect employees' interest and support.C. It has started splitting some of its corporate giving between immediate and long-termassistance in the consideration of the complicated nature of identifying appropriatedisaster aid.D. Medical and funeral expenses will not be the focus of its fund.4. According to the text, which of the following company's foundation is NOT long-term-focused?A. Baxter InternationalB. MitsubishiC. General Electric Co.D. Pitney Bowes Inc.5. The software module of MicroEdge Inc. helps the company's community foundation the bestin terms of _______.A. free-of-charge serviceB. online serviceaccountingC.D. disaster reliefII.VocabularyFill in the blanks with appropriate words from the text. The initial letter of each word hasbeen supplied for you.1. It's wise to use just as much caution when making yourcharitable giving decisions as you dowhen making other decisions affecting your life.2. With soil that has had its biological components destroyed, the first step toward restoration isto stop adding any more chemical fertilizers.3. The global obesity pandemic combined with society's anti-fat bias is more damaging towomen than to men, an expert has warned at an international conference.4. Turkey's two major cities are grappling with water shortages after record-low snow and rainfalls in the winter and searing summer temperatures.5. The importers who do not intend clearing the imported goods for home consumptionstraightaway may choose to warehouse the goods.6. The Foundation is a public charity that works with individuals, families, businesses and foundations, serving their philanthropic needs as well as initiating giving programs.7. As the little copyist proceeded with her work, she sent every now and then a responsiveglance toward her admirer.8. Beset by rumors, and four months from a primary election, the Mayor yesterday for the firsttime gave his account of a 2007 incident in which he argued with a police officer.9. Like so many others around the world, we are following the devastation caused by theearthquake and tsunami that has hit many parts of Southeastern Asia.10. Some coincidences are small, and seeminglyinconsequential, but others have the potential to change lives.A Question of EthicsExercisesI.Reading Comprehension1. Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE with Waterschoot's case?A. It raised the ethical concerns regarding information technology and the management obligation.B. Waterschoot immediately reported to her boss and the unit's legal counsel about the problem because there was some crucial information for Lockheed Martin in the template.C. Waterschoot found the competitor's confidential information before 5 p.m.aprotecting of purpose the with server the from document the removed Waterschoot D. competitor of Lockheed Martin's.2. According to the text, as e-business and IT are developing, companies need to put the following into consideration EXCEPT _______.A. equipping the employees with essential IT ethicsB. establishing a set of ethical guidelines in a companyC. the impacts brought by IT on the employees concernedD. how to deal with the potential problem brought by e-business partnerships3. According to the Information Week Research survey, we can infer that _______.A. If your personal data is collected by a health-care company, they are more likely to be sold to third parties than by any other industries.B. Most companies will inform their customers know whenspecific types of data of their own are being collected.C. When evaluating the ethical and moral implications of business decisions, a larger number of people will rely on their personal experience only.D. Not many people know some ethical impacts may be brought by their business decisions.4. Paragraph 7 suggests that ________.A. Canon Information Systems Inc is monitoring its employees' online activities;B. Canon Information Systems Inc's human resources department tries to make sure that their employees are using the Internet in an ethical and legal way;C. James Underwood, manager of IS, reports to the human resources department;D. Canon Information Systems Inc's human resources department may be violating the privacy of the employees.5. Companies nowadays concern not only about the employees' awareness of business ethics, but also about ________.A. how the employees interact with the information technology in a digital context;B. the safety when the employees are handling the digital devices;C. the protection of the privacy of its customers;all of above. D.。
跨境电子商务英语 Unit 4 课件
Part 1 Store Description
Key Sentences:
Hard work and persistence are essential for running your business, but it’s also crucial to differentiate your brand by showing some personality wherever possible.
A: Hi. I’m so glad that your e-shop has the telescope I’m looking for. B: Wow, sounds great. Which one are you interested in? A: I want to buy this one. Here is the link. (http:// www. /...html) B: OK, that’s no problem. Please place your order. A: OK, do you have telescopes for children? B: Yes, I have another e-shop that sells children’s telescope.
Speaking Customer A wants to buy telescopes from B’s e-shop. Customer service B is communicating with the customer. Please try to role play the following dialogue, especially pay attention to the underlined parts.
商务英语综合教程第4册Unit
Learn how to create a positive
relationship and establish trust with
international counterparts.
3
Negotiation Techniques
Explore proven strategies and tactics for achieving win-win outcomes in cross-border negotiations.
open dialogue among diverse teams.
3
Building Team Cohesion
Explore strategies for strengthening teamwork and leveraging diversity for innovation and success.
Master the art of effective negotiations in the international business arena.
1
Preparation
Discover the crucial steps to take
Building Rapport
2
before entering into international business negotiations.
Financial Strategies
Discover how global economic factors impact business decisions and learn effective financial management techniques.
Managing Diversity in the Workplace
商务英语课程课件Unit 4 Business
Manage your own emotions and identify the other party's emotional state during negotiation
03 Business Practice Cases
Case analysis of successful enterprises
Multinational Corporation Operations
To supervise or influence an audience's opinion or behavior
Business presentation skills
• To communicate a company's values, goals, and vision
Business presentation skills
Make offers and counteroffers to reach a consensus
Close the deal by agreeing on terms and conditions
Business negotiation skills
Key Skills
Listening: Listen actively to understand the other party's position and needs
• SWOT Analysis: A strategic planning tool that assesses the Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats affecting a business or organization
跨境独立站商业计划书
跨境独立站商业计划书Executive Summary.The global e-commerce market is booming, and cross-border e-commerce is a major growth driver. Independent online retailers are well-positioned to capitalize on this trend, as they can offer unique products and services to consumers around the world.This business plan outlines the strategy for launching a cross-border independent online retail store. The store will sell a range of products that are not available in the target markets, focusing on premium and niche items. The store will be operated from the United States, with a focus on shipping to Europe and Asia.The target market for the store is affluent consumers who are looking for unique and high-quality products. The store will use a variety of marketing channels to reach its target audience, including social media, search engineoptimization (SEO), and email marketing.The store will be profitable within two years of launch. The store is expected to generate $1 million in revenue in its first year of operation, and $2 million in revenue inits second year of operation.Market Analysis.The global e-commerce market is growing rapidly, with sales expected to reach $5.5 trillion by 2025. Cross-border e-commerce is a major growth driver, with sales expected to reach $1 trillion by 2025.There are a number of factors driving the growth of cross-border e-commerce, including:Increasing globalization.Growing affluence in emerging markets.Improved logistics and shipping infrastructure.The rise of online marketplaces.Competitive Landscape.The competitive landscape for cross-border e-commerceis fragmented, with a number of small and medium-sized retailers operating in the market. The largest cross-border e-commerce retailers include Amazon, Alibaba, and eBay.These large retailers have a number of advantages over smaller retailers, including:Economies of scale.Brand recognition.Established logistics and shipping networks.However, smaller retailers can compete by offering unique products and services, and by targeting niche markets.Store Concept.The store will sell a range of premium and niche products that are not available in the target markets. The store will focus on products that are unique, high-quality, and stylish.The store will be operated from the United States, with a focus on shipping to Europe and Asia. The store will use a variety of shipping methods, including standard shipping, expedited shipping, and air freight.The store will offer a variety of payment options, including credit cards, debit cards, PayPal, and Alipay. The store will also offer a 30-day return policy.Marketing Strategy.The store will use a variety of marketing channels to reach its target audience, including:Social media: The store will use social media platforms such as Facebook, Instagram, and Pinterest to promote its products and engage with its customers.Search engine optimization (SEO): The store will optimize its website for relevant keywords in order to improve its ranking in search results.Email marketing: The store will use email marketing to stay in touch with its customers and promote its products.Financial Projections.The store is expected to generate $1 million in revenue in its first year of operation, and $2 million in revenuein its second year of operation. The store is expected to be profitable within two years of launch.The store's financial projections are based on the following assumptions:The store will sell 10,000 products in its first yearof operation, and 20,000 products in its second year of operation.The average order value will be $100.The store's gross margin will be 50%.The store's operating expenses will be $200,000 in its first year of operation, and $400,000 in its second year of operation.Management Team.The store will be managed by a team of experienced e-commerce professionals. The team will be responsible forall aspects of the store's operation, including product selection, marketing, and customer service.The team has a proven track record of success in the e-commerce industry. The team is confident that it can launch a successful cross-border independent online retail store.中文回答：执行摘要。
教学课件 商务英语阅读(第二版)王艳
Phrase Translation
Give the English equivalents to the following Chinese terms.
• 经济双赢 _____________ • 收入不平等 ___________ • 解雇工人 _____________ • 双边协议 _____________ • 市场准入 _____________
Phrase Translation
Give the English equivalents to the following Chinese terms.
• 关税壁垒 _____________ • 劳动生产率 _____________ • 生产要素 _____________ • 回归分析 _____________ • 世界经济复苏 _____________
Phrase Translation
Give the Chinese equivalents to the following English terms.
• full employment _____________ • in-depth analysis _____________ • free-trade agreement ___________ • product differentiation________ • determinative factor ____________
Sentence Translation
这一监控体系最终将取代美国政府对古巴雪 茄进口的上限。
墨西哥和美国之间的争执不会有任何作用， 并可能导致北美自由贸易协定中关税解除的 中断。
在召开部长级会议之前，将举行一次经济合 作商业论坛，重点探讨如何减小全球经济失 衡的纠正对中国的冲击。
国际商务英语阅读教程(第四版)
Unit 1~2 Mercantilism重商主义Trade surplus 贸易顺差Quota and tariff配额和关税Zero-sum game零和博弈Positive-sum game常和博弈The theory of absolute advantage绝对优势理论The theory of comparative advantage 比较优势理论Factor endowments要素禀赋理论Product life cycle 产品生命周期Economies of scale 规模经济First mover advantage先占优势Barrier to entry进入(市场)壁垒Porter’s diamond theory波特的钻石理论National competitive advantage国家竞争优势The department of commerce 商务部Letter of credit信用证Draft /bill of exchange 汇票bill of lading B/L 提单Sight draft即期汇票Time draft 远期汇票Banker ‘s acceptance 银行承兑Trade acceptance商业承兑汇票Countertrade 对等贸易Barter 易货贸易Switch trading 转手贸易Offset 抵消Counter purchase 互购贸易Compensation trade 补偿贸易1.波特钻石理论的主要内容①Factor endowments ②Firm strategy, structure, and rivalry③ Demand conditions ④Relating and supporting industries2.对等贸易的主要类型和优缺点①Types of countertradeCountertrade has evolved into a diverse set of activities that can be categorized as five distinct types of trading arrangements: barter, counter purchase, offset, switch trading, and compensation or buyback②The pros and cons of countertrade优：① The main attraction of countertrade is that it can give a firm a way to finance an export deal when other means are not available.② Thus if a firm is unwilling to enter into a countertrade agreement, it may lose an export opportunity to a competitor that is willing to make a countertrade agreement.缺：① Countertrade contracts may involve the exchange of unusable or poor-quality goods that the firm cannot dispose of profitably② In addition, even if the goods it receives are of high quality, the firm still needs to dispose of them profitably.Unit 3Strategic alliance 战略联盟Licensing 许可证Joint venture 合资经营Contracting 承包经营Partnership 合资人Return on investment 投资回报率Franchising 特许经营Contract manufacturing 生产承包Management contracting 管理承包1.许可贸易的优缺点优：①The basic advantage in licensing as contrasted to other approaches is theease and low cost of entering a foreign market.②Licensing is also advantageous in that it can be used to test a foreignmarket without the risk of capital loss should the market not be receptive to the manufacturer’s product.缺：①The greatest disadvantages to the licensor are that a potential competitoris set up.②There is a lack of control over production and marketing.③There may be incomplete market exploration.Unit 4Foreign direct investment 外国直接投资Small and medium-sized firms 中小企业Horizontal FDI 横向外国直接投资Vertical FDI 纵向外国直接投资Product life cycle 产品生命周期Backward vertical FDI 后移纵向外国直接投资Forward vertical FDI 前移纵向外国直接投资Transportation costs 运输成本Market impediments 市场阻碍Market power 市场力量Oligopoly 寡头垄断Specialized assets 特殊资产1.影响横向对外投资的因素①Transportation costs ②Market imperfections④Following competitors ④The product life cycle2.What are the impediments to the sale of know-how?①Licensing may result in a firm’s giving away its technological know-how to a potential foreign competitor.②Licensing does not give a firm the tight control over manufacturing, marketing, and strategy in a foreign country that may be required to profitably exploit tis advantage in know-how.③A firm’s know-how may not be amenable to licensing.Unit 5Bretton Woods System 布雷顿森林体系Fixed exchange rate 固定汇率制OPEC 石油输出国组织Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries Floating exchange rate regime 浮动汇率制Plaza Accord 和平广场协议Louvre Accord 卢浮宫协议Foreign exchange market 外汇市场European Monetary System 欧洲货币体系EMSExchange Rate Mechanism 汇率机制ERMEuropean Currency Unit欧元 ECUTrade deficit贸易赤字Real interest 实际利息Balance of payment 收支平衡表Forward market 期货市场Swaps 掉期交易1. 布雷顿森林体系/固定汇率制瓦解的主要原因As the only currency that could be converted into gold, and as the currency that served as the reference point for all others①It was financed by an increase in the money supply, which, in turn, led to a rise in price inflation from less than 4percent in 1966 to dose to 9 percent by 1968②The rise in government spending had stimulated the economy③Gave rise to speculation in the foreign exchange market that the dollar would be devalued④Weakening dollars lose its credibility.2. What are the reasons for the unexpected rise in the dollar between 1980 and 1985, and what are the reasons for the rapid fall of the US dollar between 1985 and 1987?The reasons for the unexpected rise in the value of the dollar between 1980 and 1985:①Strong economic growth in the US attracted heavy inflows of capital from foreign investors seeking high returns on capital assets.②High real interest rate attracted foreign investors seeking high vellums on financial assets③Political turmoil in other parts of the world.The reasons for 1985 and 1987：The fall in the value of the dollar between 1985 and 198 was caused by a combination of government intervention and market forces.Unit 6Common law 普通法Code civil law 成文法Roman law 罗马法Industrial property right 工业产权Act of god 不可抗力Element forces of nature 天灾自然因素Arbitration 仲裁Conciliation 调节Litigation 诉讼World court at the Hague 海牙国际法庭Tribunals for arbitration 仲裁庭U.N. convention on the Recognition and Enforcement of ForeignArbitral/Awards 联合国承认和执行外国仲裁裁决公约International Chamber of commerce 国际商会1. What are the differences between two legal systems in solving commercial disputes?①Under common law, commercial disputes are subject to laws which may be applied to either civil or commercial disputes since there is no specific recognition of commercial problems as such.②Code law differs in that there is a separate code specifically designed for business2. What are the procedures used by formal arbitration organizations? The usual arbitration procedure is for the parties involved to select a disinterested and informed party or parties as referee to determine the merits of the case and make a judgment that both parties agree to honor.Unit 7Intellectual property rights 知识产权Trade mark copyright, patents, trade secrets 商标权，版权，专利权，商业秘密Intangible assets, tangible assets 无形资产，有形资产Trademark registration 商标注册Generic terms 通称Infringement 侵权GATT 关贸总协定General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade1. What does intellectual property right consist of?①It consists of the products of individual’s minds—products that result from intellectual, creative processes.②Trademarks, copyrights and patents are all forms of intellectual propertyUnit 8The TRIPS agreement 与贸易有关的知识产权协议Need Hierarchy 需求层次理论Self-reference criterion 自我参考标准The adoption process 接纳过程理论High-context cultures 高背景文化Low-context cultures 低背景文化Poly-chromic time 多元化时间观Mono-chromic time 单一性时间观Perception 观念1. What are the characteristics of culture?①It is not innate, but learned②The various facts of culture are interrelated-touch a culture in one place andeverything else is affected.③It is shared by the members of a group and defines the boundaries betweendifferent groups.2. What are the main contents of Need Hierarchy theory?①Self-actualization ②Esteem ③Social ④Safety ⑤Physiological3. What is the concept of adoption process? How many stages will a person undergo before he can finally purchase a new product?Adoption process─through which an individual passes from the time of his or her first knowledge of an innovation to the time of adopting or purchase of the innovation.These stages are as follows: ①awareness ②interest ③evaluation④trial ⑤adoption4. What are the adopter categories? What is the feature for early adopter?Adopter categories are classifications of individuals within a market on the basis of their innovativeness. They include innovators、early adopters, the early majority, the late majority and laggards.The future for early adopter: They tend to be younger, have higher social status and in a more favorable financial position than later adopter. They must be responsive to mass-media information sources and must learn about innovation form these sourcesbecause they cannot simply copy the behavior of earlier adopters.Unit 9Organizational behavior组织行为学Multinational Corporation 跨国公司Maquiladoras 马基拉朵拉工厂Parochialism 地方主义NAFTA 北美自由贸易协定North American Free Trade AgreementKluckhohn-Strudtbeck framework 克拉克洪─斯托特柏克构架Hofstede framework 霍夫斯诺德构架BRICS 金砖五国巴西俄罗斯印度中国南非APEC 亚太经合组织Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation1. Identify the sic cultural dimensions in the Kluckhohn-strodtbeck framework.①Relationship to the environment ②time orientation③nature of people ④Activity orientation⑤focus of responsibility ⑥conception of space2. Explain the dimensions of national culture in Hofstede framework.①Individualism versus collectivism②power distance③uncertainty avoidance④masculinity versus femininity。
商务英语阅读 第二版 王艳 习题答案之 句子翻译
Chapter 11.这一监控体系最终将取代美国政府对古巴雪茄进口的上限。
The monitoring system will finally substitute the U.S. government’s cap on cigar imports from Cuba.2.墨西哥和美国之间的争执不会有任何作用，并可能导致北美自由贸易协定中关税解除的中断。
The quarrel between Mexico and the U.S. will be of no avail and it may disrupt the lifting of the agricultural tariffs under the North American Free Trade Agreement.3.在召开部长级会议之前，将举行一次经济合作商业论坛，重点探讨如何减小全球经济失衡的纠正对中国的冲击。
An economic cooperation business forum, which will discuss how to minimize the negative impact of global economic imbalance adjustment on China, will take place shortly before the ministerial conference.4.只有少数美国人将此问题归咎于这些明显的因素，即美元贬值或经济周期。
Few Americans attribute this to such obvious causes as a devalued dollar or the business cycle.5.最新的科学研究揭示了这样的事实，即为减少温室气体排放所采取的必要措施会带来沉重的经济和政治成本。
Recent research has shed light on the fact that there are heavy financial and political costs associated with the measures necessary to reduce the emission of greenhouse gases.6.有传言称上个月政府和这家公司的总裁秘密达成一笔交易。
商务英语阅读 王艳 Chapter 4
2. Why does Japan need to embrace globalization? 3. How can Japanese firms go global?
Paragraph 1-8
1. Why is Japan such an outlier? 2. Why does Japan need to embrace globalization?
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
企业重组
外包 核心竞争力 放宽管制 私募股权投资
10. Specialization To restrict someone’s economic activities to some certain fields 专门化
Economic globalization
1. The term “economic globalization” is now being used with increasing frequency in newspapers, magazines, seminars and international conferences. 2. The basic feature is free flow of commodity, capital, technology, service, and information in the global context for optimized allocation.
3.Economic globalization is giving new impetus and providing opportunities to world economic development and meanwhile making the various economies more and more interdependent and interactive.
高级综合商务英语unit4课文翻译
今年 1 月，史蒂夫 ?乔布斯 (Steve Jobs)走上旧金山芳草地艺术中心(Yerba Buena Center)的舞台发布iPad，完成了现代商业史上最引人注目的一次复出。
这不仅仅关乎半年前迫使他退居幕后的疾病。
病魔一度令乔布斯严重消瘦，最终不得不进行肝脏移植手术。
而就在十多年前，几乎所有人认为乔布斯的事业及其共同创立的苹果公司(Apple)已经走上绝路。
硅谷和华尔街都断定，它们已经与科技的未来无缘。
然而，到了今年初，苹果已然重生。
在1 月份的发布会之前，即使是按照乔布斯自己的苛刻标准衡量，外界对苹果的期望程度也是异乎寻常的。
批评者总是用贬抑的口吻谈论乔布斯创造的“现实扭曲场” ：他能让观众信服，那些在其他厂商手中似乎尚未成形的技术已经被苹果完美地应用。
为了激起消费者购买他们自己也不知道是否真正需要的电子产品的欲望，打消他们的疑虑极其关键，而乔布斯则早就被公认为这种艺术形式的大师。
这不仅仅关乎半年前迫使他退居幕后的疾病。
病魔一度令乔布斯严重消瘦，最终不得不进行肝脏移植手术。
而就在十多年前，几乎所有人认为乔布斯的事业及其共同创立的苹果公司(Apple)已经走上绝路。
硅谷和华尔街都断定，它们已经与科技的未来无缘。
对于 F?斯科特 ?菲茨杰拉德 (F. Scott Fitzgerald)广为流传的名言（美国人的生命中没有第二幕）而言，没有比这更坚决的反驳了。
乔布斯首次登上报纸头条时，甚至比现在的马克?扎克伯格(Mark Zuckerberg)还要年轻。
早在书呆子备受追捧之前，由于在普及个人电脑(PC)中发挥的关键作用，以及苹果在华尔街的成功上市（当时乔布斯年仅 25 岁），乔布斯就成为了科技界的第一个摇滚明星。
如今，三十年过去了，乔布斯成为了在塑造世纪之交的世界中居功至伟的美国西海岸的几大科技巨头之一。
他的老对手比尔 ?盖茨 (Bill Gates)或许更富有，而且在盖茨的事业巅峰时期，凭借其在 PC 软件领域的垄断，可以说盖茨的影响力比乔布斯更大。
汉英翻译(chapter four)
2、因所宣传的商品不同，或推销的 对象不同，而雅俗各异。
所谓“雅”，是指幽雅而正式的书面语，常用于 高科技产品、豪华汽车、高档化妆品以及名烟名 酒的广告宣传，
投射科技阳光(爱普生液晶投影仪广告)，
国酒茅台，相伴辉煌(茅台酒广告)
悟其韵，品其味，闻其香，观其色(云南七子饼茶)
防水，防震，防磁
waterproof, shock-resistant and anti-magnetic
驰名中外
popular both at home and abroad
除湿散寒，祛风定痛
relieving rheumatism, chills and pains
穿着舒适轻便
琼州学院外国语学院 13
英语广告文体特点
简洁明了，避免大话或空话；西方企业对 外推介广告更注重将来，简介的信息对读 者而言具有可操作性。西方企业的推介广 告仅告诉读者社会对它的评价、名流欢聚 的信息以及地址、电话等，十分简单；推 介广告灵活轻松，以人(服务对象)为本，让 读者觉得切实可行。
琼州学院外国语学院
琼州学院外国语学院
22
3、多用缩略词
现代广告费用十分昂贵，为降低成本，只好节省篇幅。而省 篇幅又不影响表意的最好办法莫过于使用缩略语。 To Let Or For Sale Furnished Edinburgh Court, 426 Argyle St, 2nd floor, 1, 550 sq, ft. 4 bedrooms with dining and living room, private garage. Sale at $130, 000. Rent: $1, 400. Tel: 338954 office time or 823784. 房屋出租或出售 Argyle街426号爱丁堡公寓大厦二楼全层，配备家具，面积1 500平方英尺，4间卧房并带饭厅、客厅，有自备车库。售价 130 000美元。月租价1400美元。请于办公时间拨打823787 或338954。
体验商务英语4听力原文
体验商务英语4听力原文
English:
In the listening, a business professional named Tom talks about his experience working in an international company. He discusses the challenges of adapting to different work cultures and the importance of effective communication in business settings. He shares his strategies for overcoming language barriers and building strong relationships with colleagues from diverse backgrounds. He emphasizes the value of cultural awareness and open-mindedness in the global business environment, and provides valuable insights for those looking to succeed in a multicultural workplace.
中文翻译:
在听力中，一位名叫汤姆的商务专业人士谈到了他在一家国际公司工作的经历。
他讨论了适应不同工作文化的挑战以及在商务环境中有效沟通的重要性。
他分享了克服语言障碍并与来自不同背景的同事建立良好关系的策略。
他强调了在全球化商业环境中文化意识和开放心态的价值，并为那些希望在跨文化工作场所取得成功的人提供了宝贵的见解。
商务英语阅读教程——参考译文
参考译文Unit 1 参考译文国际商务的范围国际商务是指任何类型的跨国商务活动。
它可以分为4种类型: 对外贸易、服务贸易、有价证券投资和直接投资。
在对外贸易中，国与国之间从事有形货物或商品的进出口业务。
进出口贸易构成了世界上大多数国家最基本的国际商务活动。
除货物和商品进出口贸易外,国家之间还进行服务贸易，如保险、金融、饭店、咨询、旅游及运输。
跨国公司就因在别国提供服务而得到报酬。
国际有价证券投资指在别国进行的金融投资。
投资者购买企业股票和长期债券，无非是为了谋求投资回报。
有价证券投资者的目标不是控制一个企业，他们随时可按市场行情兑现他们所投的资金。
海外直接投资是指在国外建厂或建立销售网络。
投资者可购买外国公司现有的全部或部分资产，以控制或部分控制该公司的销售、生产、科研和发展。
从历史的角度来看，国际商务并非新鲜事物。
它已有上千年的历史，尽管其形式、方法及重要性在不断演变。
在古代，希腊人就在地中海地区从事贸易活动。
在历史的长河中，随着复杂的商务技巧不断出现，商业持续不断的发展，从而促进了货物、资源、资金在国家间的流动。
工业革命提供了大规模生产方法和大规模市场，从而进一步促进了国际商务的发展。
随着工业化水平的提高，对供给、原料、劳动力和运输的需求也日益增大。
20 世纪以来，事实证明，广泛的商务关系覆盖全球。
由于商务实体越来越认识到它们的市场是全球性的，而不仅仅在国内，所以产品、资本和人员比以往任何时候都更紧密地联系在一起。
随着商务活动的范围跨出国界，银行和金融机构接踵而至，以满足商务活动为世界性的投资和经营所需要的资金。
金融市场之间的联系也变得非常纷繁复杂。
美国股市的走向和变化会直接影响到世界上其他地区的产权投资市场。
如今，只有目光短浅的商人才会相信，一个企业在本国市场范围内完全可以实现发展和繁荣。
国内商界起码必须认识到市场竞争的国际根源，因为竞争的根源一直存在，并且日益成为国内商界的威胁。
在世界市场和经济的动态中，这些变化的根源就是世界范围寻求的国际商务活动。
国际商务课件
学习目标：通过学习，掌握国际商务理论和发展趋势，提高国际商务管理水平，学以致用，更好为国内企业参与经济全球化服务。
课程性质：国际商务是一门研究为满足个人和组织需要而进行的跨越国界交易的学科。
它是随着国际贸易、国际投资、国际金融的发展和跨国公司的成长而形成发展起来的一门新的经营管理学科。
经过几十年的发展，国际商务已成为一门综合性的跨学科的边缘学科，它涉及到经济学、管理学、社会学、心理学等多门学科综合交叉，既具有何强的理论性同时又具有现实实践性研究内容：国际商务作为一门较新的学科，其理论体系尚未成熟，加之该学科涉及面广，不同教材在研究体系，内容侧重点方面有所差异，国内外缺乏译本公认的权威教材，结合本学科特点及其发展趋势，遵循从宏观到微观，从全面到个体思路重点研究如下内容：1、国际商务活动三大纽带2、国际商务理论与环境3、国际企业战略与组织架构4、国际商务管理内容研究方法：用联系的发展的观点看待国际商务活动提倡主动的学习态度，提倡独立思考加强理论学习，重视实际问题应用参考教材：查尔斯·希尔：《international business》中国人民大学出版社。
迈克尔·钦科陶：国际商务，机械工业出版社。
张东辉：《国际商务管理》，上海财经大学出版社。
闫国庆：《国际商务》，清华大学出版社。
Chapter 1An Introduction to International Business国际商务及其发展一、国际商务概念及经营方式美国国际商务专家迈克尔·辛可塔在其《国际商务》一书中指出:国际商务包括那些为满足个人和组织需求而进行的超越国界的交易。
美国学者克里斯托弗•科斯认为，国际商务包括越过国界的任何形式的商业活动。
加拿大学者鲁格曼认为，国际商务是一门研究为满足个人和组织需求而进行的超越国界交易的学科。
这里经济交易包括进出口，海外投资等。
国内学者梁能：国际商务学研究的是过于国之间的商务活动。
国际商业文化分析
“化”
甲骨文 一个头朝上站立的 “人” ， 一个头朝下入土的
“人”； 造字本义：由昂首挺立到向下
入土，即自然死亡。
文化释义
“文”本意指彩色交错，或文理、花纹。
《易经·系辞下》：“物相杂，故曰文。” 《礼记乐记》：“五色成文而不乱。”
“文”引申为文字、文辞的含义
“化”本意指变化、改变、教化。
《周礼》中说“关乎人文，以化成天下”。
作者：查尔斯·米歇尔（CHARLES MITCHELL）是“董事会会议”机构总 编，该机构专门从事全球经济趋势和管 理问题的研究工作。
内容提要： 国际市场上，懂得文化差异、 建立商务联系已显得尤为重要；讲述了 如何把握文化差异从而避免失礼言行； 介绍了主要的文化差异，解释了如何理 解非语言文化信号，并点出了商务人士 面临的冲突和机遇。
案例：美国是男性度较强的国家，企业当中重大决策通常 由高层做出，员工由于频繁地变换工作，对企业缺乏认同 感，因而员工通常不会积极地参与管理。中国是一个女性 度的社会，注重和谐和道德伦理，崇尚积极入世的精神。 正如我们上面的叙述，让员工积极参与管理的人本主义政 策是可行的。
长期取向与短期取向 （long vs short term
和“本地化”的两难境地的文化解决方法，提 高商务效率。
第一章 理解文化差异
一 文化的概述
1 文化概念 2 商业文化 3 国际商业文化
二 文化差异
1 文化差异描述 2 五个维度 3 差异类型 4 案例
“文”
早期甲骨文 像刀具刻画的交 错线条纹案，即远古象形字。
造字本义：远古时代刻画在 岩壁、甲骨上的象形汉字。
目录：
Chapter 1：UNDERSTANDING CULTURAL DIFFERENCES Chapter 2：BASIC CULTURAL TYPES Chapter 3：THE IMPACT OF CULTURE Chapter 4：THE GLOBALIZATION OF BUSINESSS Chapter 5：CUSTOMS ETIQUETTE AND PROTOCOL Chapter 6：COMMUNICATING ACROSS CULTURES Chapter 7：NON-VERBAL COMMUNICATION Chapter 8：WRITTEN COMMUNICATION Chapter 9：CULTURAL LANDMINES FOR WOMEN Chapter 10：GIFT GIVING Chapter 11：HUMOR ACROSS CULTURES Chapter 12：CROSS-CULTURAL MEETINGS Chapter 13：CROSS-CULTURAL NEGOTIATIONS Chapter 14：CORPORATE CULTURE Chapter 15：CORPORATE ETHICS Chapter 16：THE CROSS-CULTUAL TEAM Chapter 17：CROSS-CULTURAL MARKETING Chapter 18：CROSS-CULTURAL CONSULTANTS Chapter 19：GLOSSARY Chapter 20：RESOURCES Chapter 21：BOOKS
跨境电商英语教程外研社李颖unit4
跨境电商英语教程外研社李颖unit4
【原创实用版】
目录
一、跨境电商的概述及其发展
二、跨境电商英语教程李颖 unit4 的主要内容
三、如何在跨境电商中提供附加值
四、跨境电商中的英语实践解析
五、结论
正文
一、跨境电商的概述及其发展
跨境电商，即跨境电子商务，是指通过互联网进行国际贸易的一种新型商业模式。
随着全球化进程的不断推进和互联网技术的飞速发展，跨境电商在全球范围内得到了广泛的应用和推广，成为了国际贸易的重要组成部分。
二、跨境电商英语教程李颖 unit4 的主要内容
本单元主要讲述了跨境电商中的一些基本概念和操作，包括跨境电商平台的类型、运作模式、支付方式、物流配送等内容。
同时，本单元还介绍了如何在跨境电商中进行有效的沟通和协商，以及如何处理可能出现的纠纷和问题。
三、如何在跨境电商中提供附加值
在跨境电商中，如何提供附加值是提升竞争力的关键。
首先，可以通过提供独家信息来吸引客户，如产品的制作过程、设计理念等。
其次，可以为客户提供选择，帮助他们在大量的商品中选出精品。
最后，如果自己生产产品，可以注重产品的质量和独特性，以区别于其他竞争对手。
四、跨境电商中的英语实践解析
在跨境电商的实际操作中，英语是必不可少的工具。
因此，本单元还提供了一些英语实践解析，帮助读者更好地理解和应用所学知识。
例如，如何用英语进行商品描述、如何用英语进行沟通和协商等。
五、结论
总的来说，跨境电商英语教程李颖 unit4 为我们提供了宝贵的知识和技能，帮助我们更好地理解和应对跨境电商的挑战和机遇。
跨境电商英语教程外研社李颖unit4
跨境电商英语教程外研社李颖unit4跨境电商已成为当今全球贸易的重要组成部分。
随着全球互联网的发展和技术的进步，越来越多的商家选择通过在线平台进行国际贸易，以拓展销售渠道和增加利润。
作为一门新兴的商业模式，跨境电商不仅给消费者带来了更多的选择和享受，也给商家带来了更多的商机和挑战。
从消费者的角度看，跨境电商为他们提供了无限的购物选择。
以前，消费者只能购买本地市场提供的商品，现在他们可以从世界各地的商家那里购买到商品，无论是来自欧美、日韩还是其他地区的产品，都可以轻松买到。
跨境电商通过简化国际物流和提高支付安全性，让消费者享受到更便捷、更安全的购物体验。
而对于商家来说，跨境电商提供了一个拓展销售市场的机会。
通过在线平台，商家可以直接与全球消费者进行交流和销售，无需中间商的帮助。
这不仅降低了成本，还能够实时了解到消费者的需求和反馈，从而提供更好的产品和服务。
此外，跨境电商还能帮助商家破解市场壁垒，打破地域限制，实现全球化发展。
然而，跨境电商也面临一些挑战和问题。
其中之一就是语言和文化差异。
不同国家和地区有着不同的语言和文化习惯，商家需要了解并适应这些差异，以便更好地与消费者进行沟通和交流。
此外，跨境物流和支付也是跨境电商面临的难题，如何确保商品能够准时送达，支付安全可靠是需要商家不断探索和改进的领域。
为了帮助商家更好地开展跨境电商，外研社推出了《跨境电商英语教程》。
本教程以实用的英语表达和相关商业知识为基础，通过各种情景模拟和案例分析，帮助商家了解国际贸易的相关流程和规则，提高英语交流能力和跨境电商的经营技巧。
通过学习本教程，商家可以更加自信地与全球消费者进行沟通和交流，拓展销售市场，实现更大的商业成功。
总的来说，跨境电商是一门具有广阔前景和潜力的商业模式。
它不仅给消费者带来了便利和享受，也为商家提供了更多的商机和机遇。
但是，跨境电商也面临诸多挑战和问题，需要商家进行不断的学习和实践。
通过学习外研社的《跨境电商英语教程》，商家可以更好地应对挑战，提升自己的竞争力，获得更大的商业成功。
chapter4国际分工和贸易理论
2. 绝对优势理论内容
一个人所需要的东西不能样样都自己生产，而是 利用其优势，生产最擅长的东西，然后与别人相交换， 这样才有利。同样，每一个国家也应发展他最具实力 的生产部门，从事专业化生产，实现地域分工，通过 国际贸易才能增加财富。即一国应专门生产并出口具 有绝对成本优势的商品，进口具有绝对劣势的商品。 通过对外贸易，双方都能取得比自己以等量劳动所能 生产的更多的产品，从而实现社会劳动的节约，给贸 易双方都带来利益。 （1）分工可以提高劳动生产率 （2）分工的原则是绝对优势 （3）国际分工的基础是有利的自然禀赋或后天的有利 条件
1.历史背景
在斯密所处的时代，英国的产业革命逐渐展开，经济 实力不断增强，新兴的产业资产阶级迫切要求在国民 经济各个领域中迅速发展资本主义，但却受到了中世 纪遗留下来的封建行会制度和资本原始积累时期建立 起来的重商主义政策体系的重重束缚。仍存在于乡间 的行会制度严重限制了生产者和商人的正常活动，重 商的极端保护主义则从根本上阻碍了对外贸易的扩大， 使新兴资产阶级从海外获得生产所需的廉价原料、并 为其产品寻找更大的海外市场的愿望难以实现。亚 当· 斯密站在产业资产阶级的立场上，在1776年发表的 《国富论》（全称《国民财富的性质和原因的研究》） 中，批判了重商主义，创立了自由放任的自由主义经 济理论。
（二）比较优势理论
大卫· 李嘉图(David Ricardo 1772～1823)，英国工业革命深入发展时 期的经济学家和政治活动家，古典学派 的代表人物之一。他的代表作是1817年 出版的《政治经济学及税赋原理》，在 该书第七章中提出按比较优势进行国际 分工的理论。
李嘉图于1772年4月18日出生在伦敦城。他是犹太人， 有学者说，他之所以在后来的著作中喜欢抽象的演绎 推理，就跟他的犹太血统有关。李嘉图的父亲是个富 裕的证券经纪人，所以，尽管李嘉图并没有正儿八经 地上过什么学，但他的父亲却有钱给他请任何他喜欢 的家庭老师来给自己讲课。他12岁的时候，就曾被父 亲派到荷兰留学，那时候的荷兰，可是全球商业最发 达的地区。两年后，李嘉图回到英国，开始下海，跟 父亲经商。如果是这样一路下去，英国不过又多了个 天才的证券经纪人而已。然而，李嘉图却爱上了一个 跟自己家的宗教信仰不同的姑娘。父亲坚决不同意这 门亲事，年轻气盛的李嘉图跟老父亲闹翻，21岁那年， 父亲将李嘉图革出家门。李嘉图只好独立经营。他已 经在证券交易界摸爬滚打了七年,所以，已经有了自己 的朋友圈子，在这些朋友们的帮忙下，他的事业很快 就上了正轨。短短几年时间，他就已经发财致富.据说, 在他去世时，他的资产大约价值70万镑（如果折合成 现在的货币可能价值数千万美元），每年还有2.8万镑 的收入。他的一个得意之作是在滑铁卢战役前4天，成 功地买进大量政府债券，结果英军打败拿破仑，他大 赚了一笔。
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3.global:covering or affecting the whole world; world-wide The green campaign is a global phenomenon. 绿色运动是全球性的现象。 Air pollution is a global problem. 空气污染是全球性的问题。
5.local:belonging to a particular place or district This is a local problem, not a nation-wide one. 这是地方性的问题，而非全国性的问题。 I suggest that he put an advertisement in the local paper. 我建议他在当地的报纸上登条广告。
chapter 4 Global Business: The Case of MTV
Dialogue A
A: Dr. Stone? B: Yes? A: Excuse me, I don't want to interrupt you... B: No,no.It's quite all right. How can I help you? A: Well, I'd just like to ask you to sign a permission slip to take that course on psychology you're teaching next term. Would that be all right?
words should know
1.brand: a glass of goods which is the product of a particular company or producer What is your favorite brand of cigarettes? 你最喜欢哪种牌子的香烟? The ceiling is pasted with labels of liquor brand . 天花板上贴了许多酒类商标。
8.statistic:a datum that can be represented numerically The statistics were given in parenthesis. 统计数字在括号里。 I happen to have the official statistics with me. 我碰巧身边有官方的统计数字
6.case study:a careful study of some social unit (as a corporation or division within a corporation) that attempts to determine what factors led to its success or failure Case Study for Real Estate Development Project II. 房地产开发项目经济评价案例2。
2. familiar: that you know well I am not really familiar with the local laws. 实际上我对当地的法律并不熟。 This nursery rhyme is very familiar to me. 我对这首摇篮曲很熟悉。
B: Of course, Freddy. Actually, I'm glad you decided to take it. I think you'll like it, and I'm glad to have you in the class. A: Thank you. It sounds like an interesting course. B: I'm glad you think so. There you are. A: Thank you very much.Good-bye, Dr. Stone. B: Good-bye,Freddy.
7.invest: use (money) to make more money out of sth that will increase in value I won't invest my money in his company. 我不会把我的钱投资到他的公司。 I'd like to invest some money in real estate. 我想在地产上投资点钱。
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
4.popular: liked by many people;suited to the understanding, liking, or needs of most ordinary people Baseball is more popular than any other sport in Japan. 在日本，棒球比其他任何运动都受人欢迎。 He is very interested in what are called popular songs. 他对所谓的流行歌曲很感兴趣。