最新医务人员心理健康状况及其影响因素分析

医务人员心理健康状况及其影响因素分析

医务人员心理健康状况及其影响因素分析

摘要：[目的]了解医务人员的心理健康状况及其影响因素，为更好地开展医务人员的心理健康干预提供参考依据。[方法]采用心理健康状况测量量表（Kessler10）和艾森克人格问卷简式量表中文版(EPQ-RSC)对某市市级医院的1298名医务人员（医生540例，护士758例）进行调查。[结果] 医生的神经质维度得分显著低于护士(P<0.05)，男性医务人员的精神质得分显著高于女性医务人员(P<0.01)，研究生学历医务人员的K10得分显著高于其他学历(P<0.05)，每周值班2-3次的医务人员在K10分值、精神质和神经质维度上以及值夜班的情况上存在显著性差异(P<0.01)，医务人员每天与病人的接触时间不同在K10分值得分上存在显著性差异(P<0.01)，不同人格类型医务人员的K10分值得分存在显著性差异(P<0.001)， K10分值与精神质(r=0.210，P<0.001)及神经质

(r=0.567，P<0.001)两个维度存在显著的正相关，与内外倾向性(r=-0.200，

P<0.001)存在显著的负相关。[结论]护士、男性和高学历的医务人员的心理健康状况较差，频繁值夜班及与病人的接触时间长的医务人员的情绪较低落，内向不稳的医务人员患心理疾患的危险性最高，医务人员的性格越外向、情绪越稳定、精神质的倾向性越小，患心理疾患的危险性越低。

关键词：医务人员；心理健康；人格特征

Condition of Mental Health among medical personnel and Analysis of its Influential Factors

Yao Yongcheng, Yao Wu, Wang Wei, Sun Jinfeng, Lan Yajia.

（School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou City, 450001, China.）

Abstract：[Objective] To assess condition of mental health among medical personnel and analysis of its influential factors， so as to supply evidence for improving the condition of mental health.[Methods]A survey was carried out by using the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire-Revision Short Scale of China (EPQ-RSC) and the 10-item Kessler Psychological Distress Scale（kessler10） in 1298 medical personnel， 540 from doctor and nurse 758. [Results] Doctor's neuroticism lower than nurses(P<0.05) while men's psychoticism higher than women(P<0.01). The

K10's score of postgraduate is significantly higher than the other medical personnel(P<0.05). There is a significant difference in medical personnel on duty 2-3 times a week with others in K10, psychoticism, neuroticism, and night shift(P<0.01). There is a significant difference in the K10 among medical staff along contact time with patient every day (P<0.01), and different personality types (P<0.001). The K10 was positively correlated with psychoticism (r=0.210，P<0.001)and

neuroticism(r=0.567，P<0.001) but negatively correlated with extraversion(r=-

0.200，P<0.001).[Conclusion]The mental health of nurses, male and highly educated staff was poor. Medical staff's emotional dropped with night shifts and long contact time with patient. The risk of unstable medical personnel suffering from psychological disorders is highest. The medical staff with more extroverted, emotional stability, and the smaller psychoticism, the risk of suffering from psychological disorders is lower.

Key words：medical personnel；mental health; personality characteristics

良好的心理状态可提高坚忍性，使人更具耐力，对自己更有信心，这种能力对保持劳动者旺盛的工作热情，提高工作积极性和满意度是必不可少的。随着现代社会的飞速发展，人们的学习、工作和生活节奏越来越快，心理疾病已成为影响人类健康的最主要病因之一。医疗服务行业的高技术、高风险特点使