2009年安徽省高考理科综合试题
2009年高考安徽卷(理综)试题及答案
2009年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（安徽卷）理科综合能力测试第I 卷（选择题，共120分）本卷共20小题，每小题6分，共120分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。
以下数据可供解题时参考：相对原子质量（原子量）：H 1 C 12 O 16 S 32 r c 52 e F 56 1、 叶绿体是植物进行光合作用的场所。
下列关于叶绿体结构与功能的叙述，正确的是 A 叶绿体中的色素 主要分布在类囊体腔内B 2H O 在光下分解为 [ H ]和2O 的过程发生在基质中C C 2O 的固定过程发生在类囊题薄膜上D 光合作用的产物—淀粉是在基质中合成的2、细胞的分化、衰老和凋亡是普遍存在的生命现象。
下列有关叙述正确的是 A 人体各种组织细胞的衰老是同步进行的B 人的早期胚胎有尾，尾部细胞随着发育逐渐凋亡C 细胞癌变是细胞高度分化的结果D 皮肤上的“老年斑”是细胞凋亡的产物3.用奶瓶培养黑腹果蝇，观察成虫数量的变化，结果如下表：根据表中的数据分析，下列结论正确的是A. 第13~25天，成虫数量增长快的主要原因是个体生长加快B. 第17~29天，成虫增长率上死亡率下降C. 第21~37天，成虫增长率的下降与种群密度的改变有关D. 第1~37天，成虫数量呈“J ”型增长4.2008年诺贝尔化学奖授予了“发现和发展了水母绿色荧光蛋白”的三位科学家。
将绿色荧光蛋白基因的片段与目的基因连接起来组成一个融合基因，再将该融合基因转入真核生物细胞内，表达出的蛋白质就会带有绿色荧光。
绿色荧光蛋白在该研究中的主要作用是 A ．追踪目的基因在细胞内的复制过程 B ．追踪目的基因插入到染色体上的位置C ．追踪目的基因编码的蛋白质在细胞内的分布D ．追踪目的基因编码的蛋白质的空间分布 5.已知人的红绿色盲属X 染色体隐性遗传，先天性耳聋是常染色体隐性遗传（D 对d 完全显性）。
下图中Ⅱ2为色觉正常的耳聋患者，Ⅱ5为听觉正常的色盲患者。
2009年高考全国2卷(理综)试卷及答案
2009年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试全国2卷理科综合本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分。
第Ⅰ卷1至5页，第Ⅱ卷6至14页。
考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回.第Ⅰ卷选择题共126分一、选择题（本题共13小题，在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的.）本卷共21小题，每小题6分，共126分。
一、选择题(本题共13小题。
在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。
）1.下列关于细胞呼吸的叙述，错误的是A。
细胞呼吸必须在酶的催化下进行B.人体硬骨组织细胞也进行呼吸C。
酵母菌可以进行有氧呼吸和无氧呼吸D。
叶肉细胞在光照下进行光合作用，不进行呼吸作用2。
人体甲状旁腺分泌甲状旁腺素，当人体血钙浓度下降时,甲状旁腺素分泌增加，作用于骨和肾脏使血钙浓度上升。
甲状腺C细胞分泌降钙素，当血钙浓度上升时，降钙素分泌增加，作用于骨等使血钙浓度下降。
下列关于血钙的叙述，错误的是A。
血钙浓度降低可引起鸡肉抽搐B.甲状旁腺素和降钙素对血钙的调节表现为协同作用C。
人体血钙浓度在体液调节下处于动态平衡D.食物中的钙可以通过消化道吸收进入血液3.下列有关哺乳动物个体发育的叙述,错误的是A。
胚胎发育过程中也会出现细胞衰老B.幼鹿经过变态发育过程长出发达的鹿角C.胚后发育过程中伴有细胞分化D.来自原肠胚同一胚层的细胞经分化发育成不同的组织4.为防止甲型H1N1病毒在人群中的传播，有人建议接种人流感疫苗,接种人流感疫苗能够预防甲型H1N1流感的条件之一是：甲型H1N1病毒和人流感病毒具有相同的A。
侵染部位B。
致病机理C。
抗原决定簇D。
传播途径5。
下列属于种间竞争实例的是A.蚂蚁取食蚜虫分泌的蜜露B。
以叶为食的菜粉蝶幼虫与蜜蜂在同一株油菜上采食C.细菌与其体内的噬菌体均利用培养基中的氨基酸D.某培养瓶中生活的两种绿藻，一种数量增加，另一种数量减少6.物质的量之比为2：5的锌与稀硝酸反应，若硝酸被还原的产物为N2O,反应结束后锌没有剩余,则该反应中被还原的硝酸与未被还原的硝酸的物质的量之比是A. 1:4 B。
2009年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试安徽卷理综生物部分
2009年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（安徽卷）理科综合能力测试生物部分第I 卷（选择题，共120分）本卷共20小题，每小题6分，共120分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。
以下数据可供解题时参考：相对原子质量（原子量）：H 1 C 12 O 16 S 32 Cr 52 Fe 561．叶绿体是植物进行光合作用的场所。
下列关于叶绿体结构与功能的叙述，正确的是A ．叶绿体中的色素 主要分布在类囊体腔内B ．2H O 在光下分解为 [ H ]和2O 的过程发生在基质中C ．2CO 的固定过程发生在类囊体薄膜上D ．光合作用的产物——淀粉是在基质中合成的2．细胞的分化、衰老和凋亡是普遍存在的生命现象。
下列有关叙述正确的是A ．人体各种组织细胞的衰老是同步进行的B ．人的早期胚胎有尾，尾部细胞随着发育逐渐凋亡C ．细胞癌变是细胞高度分化的结果D ．皮肤上的“老年斑”是细胞凋亡的产物3．用奶瓶培养黑腹果蝇，观察成虫数量的变化，结果如下表：时间（天） 1 5 9 13 17 21 25 29 33 37成虫数（只） 6 10 28 71 131 207 270 302 327 341根据表中的数据分析，下列结论正确的是A ．第13~25天，成虫数量增长快的主要原因是个体生长加快B ．第17~29天，成虫增长率上死亡率下降C ．第21~37天，成虫增长率的下降与种群密度的改变有关D ．第1~37天，成虫数量呈“J ”型增长4．2008年诺贝尔化学奖授予了“发现和发展了水母绿色荧光蛋白”的三位科学家。
将绿色荧光蛋白基因的片段与目的基因连接起来组成一个融合基因，再将该融合基因转入真核生物细胞内，表达出的蛋白质就会带有绿色荧光。
绿色荧光蛋白在该研究中的主要作用是A ．追踪目的基因在细胞内的复制过程B ．追踪目的基因插入到染色体上的位置C ．追踪目的基因编码的蛋白质在细胞内的分布D ．追踪目的基因编码的蛋白质的空间分布5．已知人的红绿色盲属X 染色体隐性遗传，先天性耳聋是常染色体隐性遗传（D 对d 完全显性）。
2009安徽高考物理试卷及答案
2009安徽高考物理试卷及答案理科综合能力测试物理部分第Ⅰ卷（选择题 共120分）本卷共20小题，每小题6分，共120分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。
14．原子核聚变可望给人类未来提供丰富的洁净能源。
当氘等离子体被加热到适当高温时，氘核参与的几种聚变反应可能发生，放出能量。
这几种反应总的效果可以表示为241112106243.15H k He d H n MeV →+++由平衡条件可知A ．k =1 d =4B ．k =2 d =2C ．k =1 d =6D ．k =2 d =3 答案：B解析：由质量数守恒和电荷数守恒，分别有410k d +=，26k d +=，解得 k =2，d=2。
正确选项为B 。
15．2009年2月11日，俄罗斯的“宇宙-2251”卫星和美国的“铱-33”卫星在西伯利亚上空约 805km 处发生碰撞。
这是历史上首次发生的完整在轨卫星碰撞事件。
碰撞过程中产生的 大量碎片可能会影响太空环境。
假定有甲、乙两块碎片，绕地球运动的轨道都是圆，甲的运行速率比乙的大，则下列说法中正确的是 A ．甲的运行周期一定比乙的长 B ．甲距地面的高度一定比乙的高 C ．甲的向心力一定比乙的小 D ．甲的加速度一定比乙的大 答案：D解析：由v =甲的速率大，甲碎片的轨道半径小，故B 错；由公式T 2=可知甲的周期小故A 错；由于未知两碎片的质量，无法判断向心力的大小，故C 错；碎片的加速度是指引力加速度由2GM m ma R =得2GMa R =，可知甲的加速度比乙大，故D 对。
16．大爆炸理论认为，我们的宇宙起源于137亿年前的一次大爆炸。
除开始瞬间外，在演化至今的大部分时间内，宇宙基本上是匀速膨胀的。
上世纪末，对1A 型超新星的观测显示，宇宙正在加速膨胀，面对这个出人意料的发现，宇宙学家探究其背后的原因，提出宇宙的大部分可能由暗能量组成，它们的排斥作用导致宇宙在近段天文时期内开始加速膨胀。
[理综]2009年高考全国卷II理科综合试题及参考答案
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绝密★启用前2009年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试理科综合本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。
第Ⅰ卷1至5页，第Ⅱ卷6至14页。
考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第Ⅰ卷选择题共126分注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名，准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘巾在答题卡上指定位置。
2.选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔将答题卡上，对应题目的答案标号涂写，如写改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号，答在试题卷上无效。
3.非选择题用0.5毫米的黑色墨水签字夂答在答题卡上每题对应的答题区域内，答在试题卷上无效。
4.考试结束，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。
一、选择题（本题共13小题，在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。
）本卷共21小题，每小题6分，共126分。
一、选择题（本题共13小题。
在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。
）1.下列关于细胞呼吸的叙述，错误的是A.细胞呼吸必须在酶的催化下进行B.人体硬骨组织细胞也进行呼吸C.酵母菌可以进行有氧呼吸和无氧呼吸D.叶肉细胞在光照下进行光合作用，不进行呼吸作用2.人体甲状旁腺分泌甲状旁腺素，当人体血钙浓度下降时，甲状旁腺素分泌增加，作用于骨和肾脏使血钙浓度上升。
甲状腺C细胞分泌降钙素，当血钙浓度上升时，降钙素分泌增加，作用于骨等使血钙浓度下降。
下列关于血钙的叙述，错误的是A.血钙浓度降低可引起鸡肉抽搐B.甲状旁腺素和降钙素对血钙的调节表现为协同作用C.人体血钙浓度在体液调节下处于动态平衡D.食物中的钙可以通过消化道吸收进入血液3.下列有关哺乳动物个体发育的叙述，错误的是A.胚胎发育过程中也会出现细胞衰老B.幼鹿经过变态发育过程长出发达的鹿角C.胚后发育过程中伴有细胞分化D.来自原肠胚同一胚层的细胞经分化发育成不同的组织4.为防止甲型H1N1病毒在人群中的传播，有人建议接种人流感疫苗，接种人流感疫苗能够预防甲型H1N1流感的条件之一是：甲型H1N1病毒和人流感病毒具有相同的A.侵染部位B.致病机理C.抗原决定簇D.传播途径5.下列属于种间竞争实例的是A.蚂蚁取食蚜虫分泌的蜜露B.以叶为食的菜粉蝶幼虫与蜜蜂在同一株油菜上采食C.细菌与其体内的噬菌体均利用培养基中的氨基酸D.某培养瓶中生活的两种绿藻，一种数量增加，另一种数量减少6.物质的量之比为2：5的锌与稀硝酸反应，若硝酸被还原的产物为N 2O ，反应结束后锌没有剩余，则该反应中被还原的硝酸与未被还原的硝酸的物质的量之比是A. 1：4B.1：5C. 2：3D.2：57.下列关于溶液和胶体的叙述，正确的是A.溶液是电中性的，胶体是带电的B.通电时，溶液中的溶质粒子分别向两极移动，胶体中的分散质粒子向某一极移动C.溶液中溶质分子的运动有规律，胶体中分散质粒子的运动无规律，即布朗运动D.一束光线分别通过溶液和胶体时，后者会出现明显的光带，前者则没有8.下列徐树中正确的是A. 向含有C a CO 3沉淀的水中通入CO 2 至沉淀恰好溶解，再向溶液中加入N a HCO 3 饱和溶液，又有C a CO 3沉淀生成。
[理综]2009年高考全国卷I理科综合试题及参考答案
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[理综]2009年高考全国卷I理科综合试题及参考答...绝密★启用前2009年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试试题卷理科综合本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。
第Ⅰ卷1至5页，第Ⅱ卷6至14页。
考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
注意事项：答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名，准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上指定位置。
选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔将答题卡上，对应题目的答案标号涂写，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号，答在试题卷上无效。
非选择题用0.5毫米的黑色墨水签字笔答在答题卡上每题对应的答题区域内，答在试题卷上无效。
考试结束，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。
第Ⅰ卷（选择题）本卷共21小题，每小题6分，共126分。
以下数据可供解题时参考：相对原子质量（原子量）：H – 1 C – 12 N – 14 O - 16选择题（本题共13小题。
在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。
）下列关于细胞呼吸的叙述，错误的是A. 细胞呼吸必须在酶的催化下进行w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.mB. 人体硬骨组织细胞也进行呼吸C. 酵母菌可以进行有氧呼吸和无氧呼吸D. 叶肉细胞在光照下进行光合作用，不进行呼吸作用答案D【解析】细胞呼吸是活细胞都进行的一项生命活动，必须在酶的催化作用下进行；酵母菌在有氧的条件下，把葡萄糖分解成二氧化碳和水，无氧的条件下把葡萄糖分解成酒精和二氧化碳。
因此D错误。
2. 人体甲状旁腺分泌甲状旁腺素，当人体血钙浓度下降时，甲状旁腺素分泌增加，作用于骨和肾脏使血钙浓度上升。
甲状腺C细胞分泌降钙素，当血钙浓度上升时，降钙素分泌增加，作用于骨等使血钙浓度下降。
下列关于血钙的叙述，错误的是A. 血钙浓度降低可引起肌肉抽搐B. 甲状旁腺素和降钙素对血钙的调节表现为协同作用C. 人体血钙浓度在体液调节下处于动态平衡D. 食物中的钙可以通过消化道吸收进入血液答案B【解析】血钙含量降低会引起肌肉抽搐，血钙含量高会引起肌肉乏力。
[理综]2009年高考全国卷II理科综合试题及参考答案
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2009年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(全国2卷)理科综合本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。
第Ⅰ卷1至5页，第Ⅱ卷6至14页。
考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名，准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘巾在答题卡上指定位置。
2.选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔将答题卡上，对应题目的答案标号涂写，如写改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号，答在试题卷上无效。
3.非选择题用0.5毫米的黑色墨水签字夂答在答题卡上每题对应的答题区域内，答在试题卷上无效。
4.考试结束，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。
第Ⅰ卷（选择题）本卷共21小题，每小题6分，共126分。
以下数据可供解题时参考：相对原子质量（原子量）：H – 1 C – 12 N – 14 O - 16一、选择题（本题共13小题。
在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。
）1.下列关于细胞呼吸的叙述，错误的是A. 细胞呼吸必须在酶的催化下进行B. 人体硬骨组织细胞也进行呼吸C. 酵母菌可以进行有氧呼吸和无氧呼吸D. 叶肉细胞在光照下进行光合作用，不进行呼吸作用答案D【解析】细胞呼吸是活细胞都进行的一项生命活动，必须在酶的催化作用下进行；酵母菌在有氧的条件下，把葡萄糖分解成二氧化碳和水，无氧的条件下把葡萄糖分解成酒精和二氧化碳。
因此D错误。
2. 人体甲状旁腺分泌甲状旁腺素，当人体血钙浓度下降时，甲状旁腺素分泌增加，作用于骨和肾脏使血钙浓度上升。
甲状腺C细胞分泌降钙素，当血钙浓度上升时，降钙素分泌增加，作用于骨等使血钙浓度下降。
下列关于血钙的叙述，错误．．的是A. 血钙浓度降低可引起肌肉抽搐B. 甲状旁腺素和降钙素对血钙的调节表现为协同作用C. 人体血钙浓度在体液调节下处于动态平衡D. 食物中的钙可以通过消化道吸收进入血液答案B【解析】血钙含量降低会引起肌肉抽搐，血钙含量高会引起肌肉乏力。
2009年安徽省高考物理试题及答案解析
姓名 座位号（在此卷上答题无效）绝密 ★ 启封前2009年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（安徽卷）理科综合能力测试物理部分第Ⅰ卷（选择题 共120分）本卷共20小题，每小题6分，共120分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。
14．原子核聚变可望给人类未来提供丰富的洁净能源。
当氘等离子体被加热到适当高温时，氘核参与的几种聚变反应可能发生，放出能量。
这几种反应总的效果可以表示为241112106243.15H k He d H n MeV →+++由平衡条件可知A ．k =1 d =4B ．k =2 d =2C ．k =1 d =6D ．k =2 d =3答案：B解析：由质量数守恒和电荷数守恒，分别有410k d +=，26k d +=，解得 k =2，d=2。
正确选项为B 。
15．2009年2月11日，俄罗斯的“宇宙-2251”卫星和美国的“铱-33”卫星在西伯利亚上空约 805km 处发生碰撞。
这是历史上首次发生的完整在轨卫星碰撞事件。
碰撞过程中产生的 大量碎片可能会影响太空环境。
假定有甲、乙两块碎片，绕地球运动的轨道都是圆，甲的运行速率比乙的大，则下列说法中正确的是A ．甲的运行周期一定比乙的长B ．甲距地面的高度一定比乙的高C ．甲的向心力一定比乙的小D ．甲的加速度一定比乙的大答案：D解析：由GM v r =甲的速率大，甲碎片的轨道半径小，故B 错；由公式3R T 2GM =可知甲的周期小故A 错；由于未知两碎片的质量，无法判断向心力的大小，故C 错；碎片的加速度是指引力加速度由2GM m ma R =得2GM a R=，可知甲的加速度比乙大，故D 对。
16．大爆炸理论认为，我们的宇宙起源于137亿年前的一次大爆炸。
除开始瞬间外，在演化至今的大部分时间内，宇宙基本上是匀速膨胀的。
上世纪末，对1A 型超新星的观测显示，宇宙正在加速膨胀，面对这个出人意料的发现，宇宙学家探究其背后的原因，提出宇宙的大部分可能由暗能量组成，它们的排斥作用导致宇宙在近段天文时期内开始加速膨胀。
2009年全国高考理综试题及答案-全国2卷（自动保存的）
2009年全国⾼考理综试题及答案-全国2卷（⾃动保存的）2009年普通⾼等学校招⽣全国统⼀考试(全国2卷)理科综合第Ⅰ卷（选择题）本卷共21⼩题，每⼩题6分，共126分。
相对原⼦质量（原⼦量）：H – 1 C – 12 N – 14 O - 16⼀、选择题（本题共13⼩题。
在每⼩题给出的四个选项中，只有⼀项是符合题⽬要求的。
）1.下列关于细胞呼吸的叙述，错误的是A. 细胞呼吸必须在酶的催化下进⾏B. ⼈体硬⾻组织细胞也进⾏呼吸C. 酵母菌可以进⾏有氧呼吸和⽆氧呼吸D. 叶⾁细胞在光照下进⾏光合作⽤，不进⾏呼吸作⽤2. ⼈体甲状旁腺分泌甲状旁腺素，当⼈体⾎钙浓度下降时，甲状旁腺素分泌增加，作⽤于⾻和肾脏使⾎钙浓度上升。
甲状腺C细胞分泌降钙素，当⾎钙浓度上升时，降钙素分泌增加，作⽤于⾻等使⾎钙浓度下降。
下列关于⾎钙的叙述，错误．．的是 A. ⾎钙浓度降低可引起肌⾁抽搐 B. 甲状旁腺素和降钙素对⾎钙的调节表现为协同作⽤C. ⼈体⾎钙浓度在体液调节下处于动态平衡D. ⾷物中的钙可以通过消化道吸收进⼊⾎液3. 下列有关哺乳动物个体发育的叙述，错误．．的是.A. 胚胎发育过程中也会出现细胞衰⽼B. 幼⿅经过变态发育过程长出发达的⿅⾓C. 胚后发育过程中伴有细胞分化D. 来⾃原肠胚同⼀胚层的细胞经分化发育成不同的组织4. 为防⽌甲型H1N1病毒在⼈群中的传播，有⼈建议接种⼈流感疫苗，接种⼈流感疫苗能够预防甲型H1N1流感的条件之⼀是：甲型H1N1病毒和⼈流感病毒具有相同的A.侵染部位B.致病机理C.抗原决定簇D.传播途径5. 下列属于种间竞争实例的是A. 蚂蚁取⾷蚜⾍分泌的蜜露B. 以叶为⾷的菜粉蝶幼⾍与蜜蜂在同⼀株油菜上采⾷C. 细菌与其体内的噬菌体均利⽤培养基中的氨基酸D. 某培养瓶中⽣活的两种绿藻⼀种数量增加，另⼀种数量减少6. 物质的量之⽐为2：5的锌与稀硝酸反应，若硝酸被还原的产物为N2O，反应结束后锌没有剩余，则该反应中被还原的硝酸与未被还原的硝酸的物质的量之⽐是A. 1：4 B.1：5 C. 2：3 D.2：57. 下列关于溶液和胶体的叙述，正确的是A. 溶液是电中性的，胶体是带电的B. 通电时，溶液中的溶质粒⼦分别向两极移动，胶体中的分散质粒⼦向某⼀极移动C. 溶液中溶质粒⼦的运动有规律，胶体中分散质粒⼦的运动⽆规律，即布朗运动D. ⼀束光线分别通过溶液和胶体时，后者会出现明显的光带，前者则没有8. 下列徐树中正确的是A. 向含有CaCO3沉淀的⽔中通⼊CO2⾄沉淀恰好溶解，再向溶液中加⼊NaHCO3饱和溶液，⼜有CaCO3沉淀⽣成B. 向Na2 CO3溶液中逐滴加⼊等物质的量的稀盐酸，⽣成的CO2与原Na2 CO3的物质的量之⽐为1：2.C. 等质量的NaHCO3和Na2 CO3分别与⾜量盐酸反应，在同温同压下，⽣成的CO2体积相同D. 向Na2 CO3饱和溶液中通⼊CO2，有NaHCO3结晶析出9. 某元素只存在两种天然同位素，且在⾃然界它们的含量相近，其相对原⼦质量为152.0，原⼦核外的电⼦数为63。
[理综]2009年高考全国卷II理科综合试题及参考答案
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绝密★启用前2009年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试试题卷理科综合(物理部分)本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。
第Ⅰ卷1至5页，第Ⅱ卷6至14页。
考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名，准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘巾在答题卡上指定位置。
2.选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔将答题卡上，对应题目的答案标号涂写，如写改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号，答在试题卷上无效。
3.非选择题用0.5毫米的黑色墨水签字夂答在答题卡上每题对应的答题区域内，答在试题卷上无效。
4.考试结束，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。
第Ⅰ卷（选择题）本卷共21小题，每小题6分，共126分。
二、选择题（本题共8小题。
在每小题给出的四个选项中，有的只有一个选项正确，有的有多个选项正确。
全部选对的得6分，选对但不全的得3分，有选错的得0分）14. 下列关于简谐振动和简谐波的说法，正确的是A．媒质中质点振动的周期一定和相应的波的周期相等B．媒质中质点振动的速度一定和相应的波的波速相等C．波的传播方向一定和媒质中质点振动的方向一致D．横波的波峰与波谷在振动方向上的距离一定是质点振幅的两倍。
答案AD【解析】本题考查机械波和机械振动.介质中的质点的振动周期和相应的波传播周期一致A 正确.而各质点做简谐运动速度随时间作周期性的变化,但波在介质中是匀速向前传播的,所以不相等,B错.对于横波而言传播方向和振动方向是垂直的,C错.根据波的特点D正确. 15. 两物体甲和乙在同一直线上运动，它们在0～0.4s时间内的v-t图象如图所示。
若仅在两物体之间存在相互作用，则物体甲与乙的质量之比和图中时间t分别为1A ．13和0.30sB ．3和0.30sC ．13和0.28s D ．3和0.28s答案B【解析】本题考查图象问题.根据速度图象的特点可知甲做匀加速,乙做匀减速.根据tv a ∆∆=得乙甲a a =3,根据牛顿第二定律有乙甲m F m F 31=,得3=乙甲m m ,由ts m a -===4.01/104.042乙,得t=0.3s,B 正确.16. 如图，水平放置的密封气缸内的气体被一竖直隔板分隔为左右两部分，隔板可在气缸内无摩擦滑动，右侧气体内有一电热丝。
2009年安徽省高考理综试题及答案(word版含答案)
2009年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（安徽卷）理科综合能力测试本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择）两部分，第一卷第1页至第5页，第Ⅱ卷第6页至第12页。
全卷满分300分。
考生注意事项：1. 答题前，务必在试题卷、答题卡规定的地方填写自己的姓名、座位号，并认真核对答题卡上所粘贴的条形码中姓名、座位号与本人姓名、座位号是否一致。
务必在答题卡背面规定的地方填写姓名和座位号后两位。
For personal use only in study and research; not for commercial use2. 答第一卷时，每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
3. 答第二卷时，必须使用0.5毫米的黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上．．．．书写，要求字体工整、笔迹清晰。
作图题可先用铅笔在答题卡．．．规定的位置给出，确认后再用0.5毫米的黑色墨水签字笔描清楚。
必须在题号所指示的答题区域作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．草稿纸上答题无效．．．．．．．．。
4. 考试结束，务必将试题卷和答题卡一并上交。
For personal use only in study and research; not for commercialuse第Ⅰ卷本卷共20小题，每小题6分，共120分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。
以下数据可供解题时参考：For personal use only in study and research; not for commercial use相对原子质量（原子量）：H 1 C 12 O 16 S 12 Cr 52 Fe 56 1.叶绿体是植物进行光合作用的场所。
下列关于叶绿体结构与功能的叙述，正确的是A.叶绿体中的色素主要分布在类囊体腔内B.For personal use only in study and research; not for commercial useC.D.H2O在光下分解为[H]和O2的过程发生在基质中E.CO2的固定过程发生在类囊体薄膜上F.光合作用的产物——淀粉是在基质中合成的2.细胞的分化、衰老和凋亡是普遍存在的生命现象。
2009年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(安徽卷WORD版)数学理科试题及标准答
2009年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（安徽卷）数学（理科）本试卷分第I 卷（选择题）和第II 卷（非选择题）两部分，第I 卷1至2页。
第II 卷3 至4页。
全卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。
考生注意事项：1.答题前，务必在试题卷、答题卡规定的地方填写自己的姓名、座位号，并认真核对答题卡上所粘贴的条形码中姓名，座位号与本人姓名、座位号是否一致。
务必在答题卡背面规定的地方填写姓名和座位号后两位。
2.答第I 卷时、每小题选出答案后，用2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动，用橡皮檫干净后，在选涂其他答案标号。
3.答第II 卷时，必须用直径0.5毫米黑色黑水签字笔在答题卡上书写，要求字体工整、笔迹清晰。
作图题可先用铅笔在答题卡规定的位置绘出，确认后在用0.5毫米的黑色墨色签字笔清楚。
必须在标号所指示的答题区域作答，超出答题卡区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上答题无效。
4.考试结束，务必将试题卷和答题卡一并上交。
参考公式：S 表示底面积，h 表示底面的高如果事件A 、B 互斥，那么 棱柱体积 V S h = P(A+B)=P(A)+P (B) 棱锥体积 13V S h =第I 卷(选择题 共50分)一.选择题：本大题10小题，每小题5分，共50分，在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。
（1）i 是虚数单位，若17(,)2ia bi ab R i+=+∈-，则乘积ab 的值是（B ） （A ）-15 （B ）-3 （C ）3 （D ）15 （2）若集合{}21|21|3,0,3x A x x B xx ⎧+⎫=-<=<⎨⎬-⎩⎭则A ∩B 是（D ）（A ） 11232x x x ⎧⎫-<<-<<⎨⎬⎩⎭或 (B) {}23x x <<(C) 122x x ⎧⎫-<<⎨⎬⎩⎭ (D) 112x x ⎧⎫-<<-⎨⎬⎩⎭（3（B ）（A ）22124x y -= （B ）22142x y -= （C ）22146x y -= （D ）221410x y -=(4)下列选项中，p 是q 的必要不充分条件的是（A ）（A ）p:a c +＞b+d , q:a ＞b 且c ＞d（B ）p:a ＞1,b>1 q:()(10)xf x a b a =-≠>的图像不过第二象限（C ）p: x=1, q:2x x =（D ）p:a ＞1, q: ()log (10)a f x x a =≠>在(0,)+∞上为增函数 （5）已知{}n a 为等差数列，1a +3a +5a =105，246a a a ++=99，以n S 表示{}n a 的前n 项和，则使得n S 达到最大值的n 是（B ）（A ）21 （B ）20 （C ）19 （D ） 18 （6）设a ＜b,函数2()()y x a x b =--的图像可能是（C ）（7）若不等式组03434x x y x y ≥⎧⎪+≥⎨⎪+≤⎩所表示的平面区域被直线43y kx =+分为面积相等的两部分，则k 的值是（A ） （A ）73 （B ） 37 （C ）43 （D ） 34（8）已知函数()cos (0)f x x x ωωω=+>，()y f x =的图像与直线2y =的两个相邻交点的距离等于π，则()f x 的单调区间是（C ）（A ）5[,],1212k k k Z ππππ-+∈ （B ）511[,],1212k k k Z ππππ++∈（C ）[,],36k k k Z ππππ-+∈ （D ）2[,],63k k k Z ππππ++∈（9）已知函数()f x 在R 上满足2()2(2)88f x f x x x =--+-，则曲线()y f x =在点(1,(1))f 处的切线方程是（A ）（A ）21y x =- （B ）y x = （C ）32y x =- （D ）23y x =-+（10）考察正方体6个面的中心，甲从这6个点中任意选两个点连成直线，乙也从这6个点中任意选两个点连成直线，则所得的两条直线相互平行但不重合的概率等于（D ） （A ）175 （B ） 275 （C ）375 （D ）475二．填空题：本大题共5小题，每小题5分，共25分，把答案填在答题卡的相应位置。
[理综]2009年高考安徽理科综合试题及参考答案
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短文改错练习Once, lately at night, an Englishman came out of his room into a passage of the hotel and ask the servant to bring her a glass of water. The servant did like he was asked. The Englishman returned his room, and a few minutes later he came into the passage again and once more asked the servant a glass of water. Every a few minutes the Englishman would come out of his room and repeated his request. After half an hour the astonishing servant decided to ask the man what he was doing with the water. "Nothing," answered him calmly. "It's simply that the room is on fire.短文改错练习I gave my housekeeper an old pair trousers to wash and went in the study to read. My housekeeper usually looked through my pocket before wash my clothes, but for some reasons he failed to do so this time. When I was reading, I suddenly remember that there was a five-pounds note in the back pocket of the trousers I had told her to wash it. I dropped my book and rushed into the bathroom, but it is too late. My housekeeper said that my trousers had been in a washing machine for fifteen minutes already.短文改错练习One afternoon on April, 1912 , a new ship set off from England to America on it first trip. It was one of the largest and first ship at that time. It was cold, but the ship was pleasant and people are enjoying themselves. The next day was even cold. People could see icebergs here or there. It was night, suddenly, the man on watch shouting "Look out! Iceberg!" It was too late. A ship hit the iceberg and came to a stopping. There was a very big hole in the ship and water began to come. Slowly the ship started to go down.短文改错练习I've a friend who has a big police dog is named Jack. Every Sunday afternoon my friend took Jack for a long walk in the park. Jack likes these walk in the park very well.One Sunday a young man visits my friends. He stayed a long time. They talked and talked. Soon it was time for my friend to take Jack for his walk, but the visitor still sat talking. Jack became worrying about his walk in the park. He walked around the room several times but then he sat right in front of the visitor and looked at him. But the visitor paid none attention. He continued talking. Finally Jack could stand it any longer. He held the visitor's hat in his mouth.短文改错练习（74）June 12, Sunday FineToday is Sunday. I didn't get up early as usually. In the morning after I finished my homework, I do some washing. Then I telephoned one of my classmate and invited him to see a film. And unfortunately, when we got to the cinema at 3:00 p.m., we found all the tickets had sold out. Then we went back to school and played the football. After this, when we were about to going home, we saw our English teacher, Mr. Wang, coming. He told us we had made great progresses in English this term. He also suggested that we should read more and wrote more. We promised him that we would listen his advice.短文改错练习（75）In autumn of 1935, when I was a young man, I was traveling in the north of Indian. One evening, after hunted in the forest all day, I was returning to the place which I had put up my tent. It was getting dark, but I was walking along a road. Suddenly I saw two eye glaring at me from among the trees. What can I do? Should I jump into the river to save my life? Then I looked at the right. In the river there had a big crocodile waiting to welcome me with its mouth was wide open.短文改错练习（76）Cats are animals of habit. They like to go to sleep about same time every day but for a certain length of time. They seem to have a natural clock inside it that tells them how to sleep. Besides their regularly sleep, cats take naps(打盹). Some scientists think that people should also take cat naps. The habit would do good for people's health. Cat naps helped build up energy in the body. Since cats have moods(情绪) like these of people, scientists believe that people can improve their moods with cat-napping. People might become more happier and more active.短文改错练习（78）When I first learned to write in English, I ran into much difficulties. The main problem was that I always thought in Chinese and tried to translate anything into English. My teacher advised me to keep my diary. I followed her advice and should put down 100 words. Soon I began to enjoy talk to myself as I was learning to express me in simple English. One day I wrote a story and showed to my teacher. He liked it very much that he reads it to the class. All said that the story was a good one. Their word were a great encouragement to me .短文改错练习（79）The winter holiday, when I am looking forward to, is coming. What fun it is to have sports! Play football is one of my hobby. I can also ride my bicycle, climb high mountains, or go skating. Sometime I can play the chess with Grandfather. How interested my holiday will be! But my father is always afraid I would be hurt by a truck, fall into water, and fall off a tree. He is afraid I would fight against others or taken away by bad men. But if I’m friendly and carefully enough, how will these things happen? I must try best to persuade my father.短文改错练习（80）Tom had retired and lived lonely a long way from town. He hardly never left his home. But one day he went to town buy some things in the market, and after he had bought it, he went into a restaurant and sit down at a table by himself. When he looked around, he saw several old peoples put up glasses before reading their newspapers. So after the lunch he decided to go to a store to buy himself a pair of glasses, either, He walked along a wide street and fast found a store.短文改错练习（81）My parents were all standing there, shouting at each other. The word "divorce(离婚)" was repeated and broke my heart each time. I had trapped between them and didn't know what to do. A million thoughts rushed into my mind, but nothing of them could ease my feelings. I rushed back to my room, seated down in silence and stared out of the window. The leaves were floated in the air. They struggled trying to catch the wind and finally they had to fall on the ground.I knew I was not the only one had gone through this. But I must learn to fight against this. Later in the day I took up with a pen and wrote down "It is until I take a step back and look at my family that I can really appreciate life. All of this has helped me grow strongly and mature(成熟)."短文改错练习（82）Dear editor,In the past my hometown was used to be a beautiful place. Thick trees and green grass can be seen everywhere. In order to build house and grow more crops, people cut down more and more trees. With time went on, the whole forest was almost destroyed. Gradually the green hills have changed into wasteland. As a result, sandstorms struck us now and then, from that we suffer a lot. However, I do hope all the people should realize the terribly result of not caring about our environment. What's more, they should take good care of the forests and plant trees instead cuttingthem down to improve our living conditions.短文改错练习（83）When I found out that my train would three hours late, I decided to get a bus instead. I was about to rush out of the train station while a well-dressed old man took me by my arm, "Young lady," said the gentleman, "Shouldn't you find out the bus schedule (时刻表) before you rush out to catch the bus?". I stared to him with my mouth opened. How did he read my mind? Before I can say a word, he added, "You see, my train is also running lately. The same idea came to me. But I think a good conversation that can help pass the time. Before you know it, your train will be there."短文改错练习（84）Dear Kang Li,I haven't heard you for a long time. How are you? I had just finished the exams. Now I'm glad I have time to write for you. Our teacher tells us that China is a big country has the most population in the world. It's on the other side of the world. Now the sun is shining bright here and perhaps you're sleeping in the dark night. I wish to know anything more about the Chinese way of living. I wonder at if you can tell me about it in your next letter. Please writing soon.短文改错练习（85）I visited the zoo yesterday, and I was very unhappy and angry about the things what I saw. The large animals were in small cages. The lion was walking back and forth. It was completely boring. The tiger fell asleep all the afternoon. I see people feeding the fish. They were throwing rices and meat into the pond, which could kill the fish, but no one tried stop them. When I had the drink at the zoo restaurant, the waiter served me rude. Outside the restaurant, the rubbish bins were full and rubbish was blowing everywhere. It seems that the zoo doesn't look the animals or the visitors very well. subject, nothing else seemed very practically to me. I never saw how I could use it in my daily life.短文改错练习（88）Some Americans judge success on the length of his vacations. The man who gets a month’s vacation each year consider himself more successful than the man gets two weeks . Many people want to be teachers so it is teachers who can get three-month vacation every year . Some college teachers who teach the three classes consider themselves less successful than that who teach only one or two , or none in all . In short , the less work Americans do , the less successful they consider themselves .短文改错练习（91）Rowena and Billy Wrangler are model high school student. They study hard. They do extreme well in achievement tests. And next year, Rowena will attend the Harvard University. Billy, her younger brother, hope to go to Cornell. That makes Rowena and Billy different from most students is they don’t go to school. In fact, They’ve never been to school. Since kindergarten, they have studied at home. Neither Rowena or Billy feels as if they have missed out on nothing by being taught at home. As many of the more than one million people who accept home schooling in the United States, they feel as if they have gotten a good education.短文改错练习（92）Did you enjoy yourself ye sterday? I suppose you do. But I’d like to tell you what a bad day Ihad yesterday. Nothing just went wrong. On the morning, my alarm clock didn’t ring,since I woke up an hour late. I was in such a hurry that I burnt my hand when I was cooking the breakfast. Then I ran out of the house to catch the 8:30 buses. This is the bus I usually take. But, to my regret, I missed it. I am very unhappy, and scared as well because my teacher hates the students come late to school. So I ran three miles to school only to discover that everybody was there. The school was quiet but peaceful. Our classroom was locked. I realized that moment: it was Sunday.短文改错练习（93）Get a good education is more important today than ever before. In Canada children most attend public schools. Public schools are mainly found by governments through tax income. Students in Canada taught in English and in French. The rest of Canadian children is to attend private schools, that are supported mainly by fees paying by parents .By law, the children must attend the school from age 5 to 16. There are several different levels in the Canadian education system. The first is called Elementary School, which include kindergartens through grade 7 or 8. From grades 8 or 9 through 12 or 13, children go to Secondary School or high school. High school students must take certain course for several years, such as English or French and mathematics.短文改错练习（94）Yesterday we went to grow trees on the hill near our school. The boys were made dig pits(坑).The girls were told to plant the young trees into the pits. All of us worked very hardly. Soon we were all wet with sweats. After the young trees were planted, we began to water it. The water was at the foot of the hill. But we stood in line to pass pails(桶) of water from one to other up to the hill. We did not finish water the trees until it was dark. Though we were tired, but we feel very happy.短文改错练习（95）A kind of little car may someday take place of today’s big ones. If people drive such cars in the future, there would be less pollution in the air. There will be more spaces for parking cars in cities. The streets will be less crowd. And driving will be safe as these little cars can go only 65 km per hour. The future cars will be fine for getting round a city, so they will not be useful for long trips. Little cars will go 200 km, before needing to stop for more gases. If big cars are still used along with the small ones, two sets of roads will be needed in the future. Some roads will be used for the big fast cars and another roads will be needed for the slow small ones. It is said that three so little cars fit in with the space now needed for one car the usual size.短文改错练习（95）1. take place---take the place;2. would---will;3. spaces---space;4.crowd---crowed;5. safe---safer;6. so---but;7. gases---gas;8. another---other;9.so---such; 10. fit in with---fit in短文改错练习（96）It was fine yesterday. The sun was shining in the sky. I went boating by myself. I didn’t take many friends with me because I wanted to be lonely. I hired a boat and rowed slowly to the center of lake. A fresh breeze was blowing, fish was swimming and birds were singing. When I reached the center, I took up the paddles（桨）and lie down in the boat. With the blue sky over me or green water around me, I was extreme relaxed. About two hours passed in this way before I knew them.I came back to home very late. I didn’t feel tiring at all, for I had really had a good time.短文改错练习（97）I was anxiously expected your letter, and at last it has reached to me. I am very glad to know that everyone at home is enjoying good health as usually. Things here are same now as they were ago. The final examination will take place next week. But I am now busy with preparing my lessons. It’s nice to think that the summer vacation is come near. I can’t say how much I want to see you all again. I am looking forward to spend summer days with you. Give my love to Father, Mother and anyone at home.短文改错练习（98）One afternoon, when I was on my way home, the sky changed suddenly. Dark clouds were gathered. I began to feel worried because I didn’t have both a raincoat or umbrella about me . It soon started to rain. Just as I was hurrying home, I heard someone calling me from behind . I turned to have a look and find that he was Liu Wei, a good neighbour of me. He offered to share his umbrella with me. We walked all the ways home. Without Liu Wei’s help, I would have got wet to the skin. How much thankful I was to his help!短文改错练习（99）I worried about the missed bag all the evening. I tried to remember exact what I had done from the time I left the store until at the time I got home. I remembered whether I had looked at the bag while I was having lunch. So I might have had it while I left the store. I remembered showing it to a friend on the bus. But I had the bag then. I came directly from the bus to my house, and I must have forgotten it on the bus. I was in hurry to get off and forget to check the packages lying on the floor. I should be much careful next time.短文改错练习（100）A man stopped at a flower shop to order some flowers to be sent to his mother. When getting out of his car he looked a young girl sobbing, he asked her what was the wrong. She replied, ―I want to buy a red rose for my mother, I only have 75 cents. A rose cost 2 dollars.‖ The man smiled and said, ―Come on in with me….‖ He bought her flowers and ordered him own. While leaving he offered the girl a ride home. She said, ―Yes, please! You must take me to my mother.‖ She directed him to a cemetery, there she placed the roses on a freshly dug grave. The man returned to the flower shop, canceled the order, choose a bouquet and drove 200 miles for his mother’s house.短文改错练习（101）Many scientists believe that life begins in the ocean long ago. For age man used the ocean to discover and explore new lands. Now man spends a great deal of time or money in discovering the ocean. We know it is rich at minerals which the world need. We know too that it contains a plenty of food for all the people in the world. We know that if the salt were taken from it, it’s water would turn the deserts into rich farm land. We know a great deal about this land frontier(新领域), as it has called. But we still need to learn many more about it.短文改错练习（102）After a day of work and play, the body needs to have a rest. Sleep is necessary for good healthy. During this time, the body recovers from the activities of the day. The rest that you get it while sleeping enable your body to prepare itself for the next day. There are four levels of sleep. Each is a little deep than the one before. As you sleep, your muscles relax. Your heart beats slowly, and your brain slows down. After you reach the fourth level, your body shifts back or forth from one level of sleep to the other. If you have trouble fall asleep, some people suggest breathing slowly and deeply. And other people believe that drink warm milk helps make you sleepy. There is also an old advice that counting sheeps put you to sleep.短文改错练习（103）Though now I am a college student, but I still remember many things in the primary school and one of it is always kept in my mind. As a schoolboy I used to being very lazy at school, and I played a lot after class but did few in class. One afternoon before school was over, our head teacher was giving us last class, when I fell sleepy. He went on teaching without wake me up. When school was over, he asked the other student to leave the classroom quiet, leaving me locked in the classroom. You can imagine what hard I cried for help when I finally woke up.短文改错练习（104）Have you ever asked you why students go to school? You may say they go to school to learn language, maths, history, science and other subject. But why do they learn this? And are these all that they learn at the school? Students go to school to preparing themselves for the time when they grow up and have to work for themselves. They learn their native language in order that they could understand that others write and say, and make themselves clearly understand. They learn foreign languages in order to benefit what foreign people write and say.短文改错练习（105）Yesterday was my birthday. I accepted lots of presents. All the presents were wrapped with color, beautiful and soft paper. Among them was two really interesting. My sister brought me a paper bag. I thought there would have a football in the bag. Not until I opened it I find it was a clock. My brother gave me a note, that read, ―My present has been put in your bedroom.‖ When I hurry into my bedroom, I found a box. Opened the box, I found a pocket computer. I was more than exciting, and realized they suggested that I study hard and do not waste time.短文改错练习（106）I went to the Summer Palace on last week. At the gate I happened to meet some America tourists. I greeted him in English and then we began to chat. I get to know that they were college students travel in China. They were busy in taking photos and were much impressed with the changes had taken place in the past few years. After that, we went boating on a lake and have a good time. We exchanged our email address so that we can write to each other in the future. They thanked me again and again. I was very glad to have a chance to practising my oral EnglishKey:短文改错练习（70）1. lately-late2. ask-asked3.her-him4.like-as5. and-but6. servant-servant for7. 去掉a8. repeated-repeat9. astonishing-astonished 10. him-he短文改错练习（71）1. pair-pair of2. in-into3. wash-washing4. reasons-reason5. he-she6. remember-remembered7. pounds-pound8. 去掉it9. is-was 10. a-the短文改错练习（72）1. on→in2. it→its3. ship→ships4. are→were5.cold→colder6. or→and7. shouting→shouted8. A→The9.stopping-stop 10. come→come in短文改错练习（73）1. 去掉is2.took→takes3. well→much4. walk-walks 5 visits-visited6. friends-friend7. worrying→worried8.but→and9. none→no 10. could-could not 短文改错练习（74）1. usually---usual2. do→did3. classmate ---classmates4. And ---But5.had∧been6. the 去掉7. going-go8. progresses-progress9. wrote---write 10. listen---take/follow短文改错练习（75）1. In-In the2. Indian-India3. hunted-hunting4. in ∧which 或which改为where5.but-and6.eye –eyes7. can –could8. at –to9. had-was 10.去掉was短文改错练习（76）1. same-the same2. and-but3. it--them4. when-how5. regular—regularly6. for–to7. helped-help8. these-those9. with-by 10. 去掉more短文改错练习（78）1. much—many2. anything--everything3. my—a4. 去掉should5. talk--talking6. me--myself7. to前加it8. very--so9. reads--read 10.word—words短文改错练习（79）1. When—which2. Play—Playing3. hobby—hobbies4. Sometime—sometimes5.去掉the6. interesting—interested7. and---or8. or后加be9. carefully—careful 10. try 后加my 短文改错练习（80）1. Lonely→alone2. never→ever3. buy前加to4. it→them5. sit→sat6. peoples→people7. up--on8. 去掉the9. either→too 10.fast→soon短文改错练习（81）1. all→both2. had→was3. nothing→none4. seated→sat或后加myself5. floated--floating6. and→but7. had前加who8. 去掉with9. until前加not 10. strongly--strong短文改错练习（82）去掉was can--could house→houses With→As或went →going struck→strike that—which However→So terribly→terrible they→we instead后加of短文改错练习（83）1. would后加be2. get→ take3. while → when4. my→ the5. to--at6. opened →open7. can→could8. lately—late9. A→The 10. 去掉that短文改错练习（84）1. heard后加from2. had---have3. for---to4. has前加that 或which/has---with5.most---largest 6. bright---brightly 7. and---but 8. anything---something 9.去掉at 10. writing--write短文改错练习（85）1. and→but2. 去掉what或把what改为that/which3. boring-bored4. see→saw5. rices→rice6. tried后面加to7. the→a或去掉the8. rude→rudely9. blowing→blown 10. look后加after 短文改错练习（86）1. in → in the2. her → him3. say → said4. past → passed5. anywhere → somewhere6. told前加was7. immediate → immediately8. 去掉in9. or → and 10. Under → with短文改错练习（87）1. class—classes2. them前加of3. or—and4. it—they5. understood—understand6. what—how7. 去掉the8. most—least 9．learn—learning 10．practically—practical 短文改错练习（88）1. on-by2. his-their3. consider-considers4. the man-the man who5. So-beause/as6. get-get a7. 删去the8. that-those9. in- at 10. less-more短文改错练习（91）1. student---students;2. extreme---extremely;3. the Harvard University---Harvard University;4. hope---hopes;5.That---What;6. is they---is that they;7. or---nor;8. nothing---anything;9. As---Like; 10. accept---receive短文改错练习（92）1. do---did;2. Nothing---Everything;3. On---In;4. since---so;5. the breakfast---breakfast;6. buses---bus7. am---was;8. come---coming;9. everybody---nobody; 10. but---and 短文改错练习（93）1. Get---Getting;2. most---mostly;3. found---founded;4. taught---are taught;5. is---are;6. that ---which;7. paying—paid;8. the school---school;9. include---includes; 10. course---courses短文改错练习（94）1. grow---plant;2. dig---to dig;3. hardly---hard;4. sweats---sweat;5. it---them;6. But---So;7. other---another;8. water---watering;9. fee---felt; 10. but we---we短文改错练习（96）1. many---any;2. lonely---alone;3. lake---the lake;4. fish was---fish were;5. lie---lay;6. or---and;7. extreme---extremely;8. them---it;9. to home---home; 10. tiring---tired短文改错练习（97）1. expected---expecting2. reached to---reached3. usually---usual4. same---the same5. ago---before6. But---So7. with---in8. come---coming9. spend---spending 10. anyone---everyone短文改错练习（98）1. sky---weather2. gathered---gathering3. both---either4. umbrella---an umbrella5. find---found6. he---it7.. me---mine8.. ways---way9. How much---How 10. to---for短文改错练习（99）1.missed---missing2. exact---exactly3. at the time---the time4. whether---that5. might---must6. But---So7. forgotten---left8. in hurry---in a hurry9. forget---forgot10. much---more短文改错练习（100）1. looked---noticed2. the wrong---wrong3. I only---but I only4. cost---costs5. him---his6. While---When/As7. must---can8. there---where9. choose---chose 10. for---to短文改错练习（101）1. begins---began2. age---ages3. or---and4. at---in5. need---needs6. a plenty of--- plenty of7. it’s---its8. land---lands9. has---has been 10. many---much短文改错练习（102）1. healthy---health2. enable---enables3. get it---get4. deep---deeper5. slowly---more slowly6. or---and7. fall---falling8. drink---drinking9. advice---suggestion 10. sheeps---sheep短文改错练习（103）1. 去掉but2. it---them3. being---be4. few---little5. last class---the last class6. sleepy---asleep7. wake---waking8. student---students9. quiet---quietly 10. what---how短文改错练习（104）1. you→yourself2. language→ languages3. subject→ subjects4. this→these5. at the school→at school6. preparing→prepare7. could---can8. that→what9. understand→understood10. benefit 后加from短文改错练习（105）1. accepted→ received2. with---in3. was---were4. have→be5. I find→did I find6. that→ which7. hurry---hurried8. Opened → Opening9. exciting→excited10. do not→ not短文改错练习（106）1. on last week---last week2. America→American3. him→them4. get---got5. travel→trav elling6. changes后加that7. have→had8. address→addresses9. can---could 10. practising→practise。
2009年全国高考理综试题及答案-全国2
绝密★启用前2009年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(全国2卷)理科综合本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。
第Ⅰ卷1至5页.第Ⅱ卷6至14页。
考试结束后.将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
注意事项：1.答卷前.考生务必将自己的姓名.准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上.并将准考证号条形码粘巾在答题卡上指定位置。
2.选择题每小题选出答案后.用2B铅笔将答题卡上.对应题目的答案标号涂写.如写改动.用橡皮擦干净后.再选涂其它答案标号.答在试题卷上无效。
3.非选择题用0.5毫米的黑色墨水签字夂答在答题卡上每题对应的答题区域内.答在试题卷上无效。
4.考试结束.请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。
第Ⅰ卷（选择题）本卷共21小题.每小题6分.共126分。
以下数据可供解题时参考：相对原子质量（原子量）：H – 1 C – 12 N – 14 O - 16一、选择题（本题共13小题。
在每小题给出的四个选项中.只有一项是符合题目要求的。
）1.下列关于细胞呼吸的叙述.错误的是A、细胞呼吸必须在酶的催化下进行B、人体硬骨组织细胞也进行呼吸C、酵母菌可以进行有氧呼吸和无氧呼吸D、叶肉细胞在光照下进行光合作用.不进行呼吸作用答案D【解析】细胞呼吸是活细胞都进行的一项生命活动.必须在酶的催化作用下进行；酵母菌在有氧的条件下.把葡萄糖分解成二氧化碳和水.无氧的条件下把葡萄糖分解成酒精和二氧化碳。
因此D错误。
2、人体甲状旁腺分泌甲状旁腺素.当人体血钙浓度下降时.甲状旁腺素分泌增加.作用于骨和肾脏使血钙浓度上升。
甲状腺C细胞分泌降钙素.当血钙浓度上升时.降钙素分泌增加.作用于骨等使血钙浓度下降。
下列关于血钙的叙述.错误．．的是A、血钙浓度降低可引起肌肉抽搐B、甲状旁腺素和降钙素对血钙的调节表现为协同作用C、人体血钙浓度在体液调节下处于动态平衡D、食物中的钙可以通过消化道吸收进入血液答案B【解析】血钙含量降低会引起肌肉抽搐.血钙含量高会引起肌肉乏力。
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一、古代科技里程碑——四大发明： 二、其他成就： 1、天文学：
2、算经、圆周率：
（1）春秋时期出现九九乘法口诀，发明了筹算计算法，元代发 展为珠算法 （2）东汉的《九章算术》总结了周秦到汉代的数学成就，标 志着我们过以解决实际问题为主要内容，以算筹为计算工具、 运用十进制计数系统计算的古代数学体系的形成 （3）南朝的祖冲之将圆周率计算到小数点后七位
1、造纸术：
2、印刷术： 3、火药： （1）唐代，人们在炼丹制药时偶然发现了火药。 （2）唐朝末年，火药用于战争。 （3）五代和宋朝时，火药广泛用于狩猎、开山和火器
一、古代科技里程碑——四大发明：
1、造纸术：
2、印刷术： 3、火药： 4、指南针：
（1）历史最为久远
（2）战国时期，发 明司南 （3）北宋时期，发明 指南针，应用于航海
“浑天如鸡子。天体圆如弹丸，地如鸡子中黄，孤居 于天内，天大而地小。 ”
一、古代科技里程碑——四大发明： 二、其他成就： 1、天文学：
（1）《甘石星经》是我国最早的天文学著作，其《石氏星表》 是最早的星表 （2）张衡浑天仪，他关于地球是圆的见解比西方早一千年。 （3）地动仪成功测出陇西的一次地震 （4）唐，曾一行和梁令瓚创制黄道游仪，发现恒星位置变 化，曾一行实测子午线长度 （5）元，郭守敬制造简仪
一、古代科技里程碑——四大发明： 二、其他成就： 1、天文学：
2、算经、圆周率：
3、古代农书： （1）齐民要术：南北朝贾思勰，介绍北方生产经验 （2）农书：重点在生产工具改革，附有《农器图谱》(有水 排、木活字等记载) （3）农政全书：徐光启总结历代农业、手工业经验，吸收西 方自然科学知识创作。被誉为“中西近代科学先驱”。
传说中黄帝、蚩尤大战中有的指南车
一、古代科技里程碑——四大发明：
材料一：“印刷术、火药、指南针这三样东西，已经改变了世界的面貌。 第一种在文学上，第二种在战争上，第三种在航海上，由此又引起了无 数的变化。这种变化如此之大，一直没有一个帝国，没有一个宗教教派， 没有一个赫赫有名的人物，能比这三种发明在人类的事业中产生更大的 力量和影响”——培根 材料二：“火药、指南针、印刷术——这是预告资产阶级社会到来的三 大发明。火药把骑士阶层炸得粉碎，指南针打开了世界市场并建立了殖 民地，而印刷术则变成了新教的工具，总的来说变成了科学复兴的手段， 变成了对精神发展创造必要前提的最强大的杠杆。”——马克思
自然经济长期占据 统治地位
2、八股取士、文字狱等文化专制，禁锢知识分子的思想。 3、对外实行闭关锁国，阻碍中西方文化交流
一、古代科技里程碑——四大发明：
1、造纸术：
甲骨
金属
竹简
麻纸
蔡侯纸
甘肃天水出土的纸地图， 其原料为麻
东汉蔡伦改进后的纸张
一、古代科技里程碑——四大发明：
1、造纸术：
甲骨
金属
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
竹简
麻纸
蔡侯纸
一、古代科技里程碑——四大发明：
1、造纸术：
2、印刷术： 北宋毕昇发明活字印刷，提高了效率，13世纪经由西域传播 到欧洲
英国著名学者李约瑟曾经说过：“在3到13世纪之间， 中国曾保持令西方望尘莫及的科学技术水平，那时中国 的发明和发现远远超过同时代的欧洲„„16世纪以后， 欧洲诞生了近代科技，中国的文明却没有能够产生与欧 洲相似的近代科学。”
请你分析中国明清时期科技落后于西方的原因
封建制度空前强化
1、根本原因：封建专制制度的存在
中国古代科技长期领先的原因 1、中国最早建立封建制度，这是当时最先进的政治 制度 2、统一是中国历史的主流，社会相对稳定。 3、国内经济文化交流频繁，各民族相互学习共同创 造了先进文明，中外友好往来，兼容并蓄。 4、我国古代经济不断发展，农业、手工业处于世界领 先水平。 5、中国人的辛勤劳动。 6、中国古代文明的连续性。
毕昇的活字印刷
868年金刚经是世界上现存最早 的有明确纪年的雕版印刷品
一、古代科技里程碑——四大发明：
1、造纸术：
2、印刷术： 北宋毕昇发明活字印刷，提高了效率，13世纪经由西域传播 到欧洲
如果没有从中国引进造纸术和印刷术，欧洲可能要 长期停留在手抄本的状况，书面文献不可能如此广 泛传播。
一、古代科技里程碑——四大发明：
四大发明，传入欧洲经过改造对世界文明起了重大影响， 其表现有哪些？ 造纸术、印刷术 推动资产阶级文化的兴起 火药 推动资产阶级革命的爆发 指南针 西方殖民扩张
一、古代科技里程碑——四大发明： 二、其他成就： 1、天文学：
（1）《甘石星经》是我国最早的天文学著作，其《石氏星表》 是最早的星表 中国古代先民眼中的天与地
中国古代思想和科技
中国古代科学技术
山东省实验中学
任杰
2008年奥运会上的中国传统科技元素
一、古代科技里程碑——四大发明：
1、造纸术：
“学富五车”的由来 《庄子· 天下》：“惠施多方，其书五车。”惠施是战国时 期的哲学家，很有才学，是名家的代表，惠施是个很有学 问的人，他读的书要用五辆车子来拉。后来人们便用“五 车”来表示对饱学之士的称赞。
一、古代科技里程碑——四大发明： 二、其他成就： 1、天文学：
2、算经、圆周率：
3、古代农书： 4、古代医学： （1）黄帝内经：编于战国，成为西汉。奠定了中医理论的基础。 （2）伤寒杂病论：东汉张仲景撰写，论述“望、闻、问、切” 四诊法，是临床经典，张仲景被称为医圣 （3）华佗发明麻沸散和五禽戏。 （4）本草纲目：明李时珍著，总结中国16世纪前的药物学成 就，创立世界最先进的分类法，体现了生物进化的思想。